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LONG-THESIS.Pdf (11.15Mb) Copyright by Michael James Long 2011 The Thesis committee for Michael James Long Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: ‘Tab’ Figurines and Social Identity at Middle Preclassic La Blanca APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor:________________________________________ Julia Guernsey ________________________________________ David Stuart ‘Tab’ Figurines and Social Identity at Middle Preclassic La Blanca by Michael James Long, B.A.; B.A. Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May 2011 ‘Tab’ Figurines and Social Identity at Middle Preclassic La Blanca by Michael James Long, M.A. The University of Texas at Austin, 2011 SUPERVISOR: Julia Guernsey This thesis examines a special group of Middle Preclassic (900-600 BC) figurines excavated at La Blanca, an early Mesoamerican site on the Pacific Coast of Guatemala. Figurines at La Blanca are ubiquitous and derive from both elite and non-elite household contexts. Because of their widespread distribution, archaeologists associate figurines with daily practice and household ritual in ancient Mesoamerica. They represent a rare opportunity to examine materializations of the human body across social strata, and because their depositional contexts do not seem to suggest ritual care, their context of use remains enigmatic. With the dawn of the Middle Preclassic period, the community at La Blanca was at the center of a dramatic transition: in addition to the reconfiguring of political, social, and economic structures, the nature of personhood was profoundly transformed during this period. I argue that figurines were actively involved in the ongoing negotiation of iv social identity and personhood at La Blanca during this important transitional period. I specifically discuss a group of figurines from La Blanca called ‘tab’ figurines, which are remarkable for their exaggerated sexual characteristics and distinct approach to depicting the human form. I examine the ‘tab’ figurine assemblage in depth and examine how aspects of their context, form, and function helped their makers negotiate social identity at La Blanca. v Table of Contents List of Tables ....................................................................................................................vii List of Figures .................................................................................................................viii Introduction .........................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Overview of Preclassic Figurines at La Blanca................................................. 8 Chapter 2: Tab Figurines at La Blanca.............................................................................. 34 Chapter 3: Tab Figurines and Social Complexity at La Blanca ........................................63 Chapter 4: Interpreting Figurines in Fragments................................................................ 82 Chapter 5: Public Humor, Private Parts .........................................................................105 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................125 Figures ............................................................................................................................. 130 Bibliography .................................................................................................................... 179 vi List of Tables Table 2.1: La Blanca tab figurine styles, by tab type .......................................................48 Table 2.2: La Blanca T1 tab styles, by subtype ................................................................ 50 Table 2.3: La Blanca T2 tab styles, by subtype ................................................................ 53 Table 2.4: La Blanca T3 tab styles, by subtype ................................................................ 55 Table 2.5: La Blanca T5 tab styles, by subtype ................................................................ 55 Table 2.6: Coincidence of anthropomorphic traits and tab types ..................................... 56 Table 2.7: La Blanca T6 tab styles, by subtype ................................................................ 57 Table 2.8: La Blanca T10 tab styles, by subtype .............................................................. 58 Table 2.9: Coincidence of anthropomorphic traits for tab torsos ..................................... 62 Table 3.1: La Blanca tab figurine fragments, by Operation .............................................75 Table 3.2: La Blanca T1 tab figurines, by Operation .......................................................77 vii List of Figures Chapter 1 Figure 1.1: Map of important Preclassic sites mentioned in text ................................... 130 Figure 1.2: Middle Preclassic tab figurine from La Blanca ...........................................131 Figure 1.3: Map of La Blanca, Guatemala ..................................................................... 132 Figure 1.4: La Blanca Mound 1 before its demolition ...................................................133 Figure 1.5: La Blanca Monument 3 ...............................................................................133 Figure 1.6: Type 9 or “Hidden head” figurines .............................................................. 134 Figure 1.7: Ceramic chronology for Preclassic Mesoamerica .......................................135 Figure 1.8: Ceramic chronology at La Blanca ...............................................................136 Figure 1.9: Conventionally-stylized figurine heads at La Blanca .................................. 137 Figure 1.10 Conventionally-stylized figurine heads at La Blanca ................................. 138 Figure 1.11 Zoomorphic figurines from La Blanca ........................................................139 Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................140 Figure 2.2: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................140 Figure 2.3: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................141 Figure 2.4: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................141 Figure 2.5: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................142 Figure 2.6: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................142 viii Figure 2.7: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................143 Figure 2.8: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca ..........................................................143 Figure 2.9: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca, side view .........................................144 Figure 2.10: Type T1 tab figurine from La Blanca, rear view .......................................144 Figure 2.11: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................145 Figure 2.12: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca, side view. ......................................145 Figure 2.13: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................146 Figure 2.14: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca. .......................................................146 Figure 2.15: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................147 Figure 2.16: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................147 Figure 2.17: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................148 Figure 2.18: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................148 Figure 2.19: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................149 Figure 2.20: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................150 Figure 2.21: Type T2 tab figurine from La Blanca, side view .......................................150 Figure 2.22: Type T3 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................151 Figure 2.23: Type T3 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................151 Figure 2.24: Type T4 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................152 Figure 2.25: Type T5 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................153 Figure 2.26: Type T5 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................153 Figure 2.27: Type T5 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................154 ix Figure 2.28: Type T5 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................154 Figure 2.29: Type T6 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................155 Figure 2.30: Type T6 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................155 Figure 2.31: Type T6 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................156 Figure 2.32: Type T6 tab figurine from La Blanca ........................................................156
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