Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47899-1 — Human Figuration and Fragmentation in Preclassic Mesoamerica Julia Guernsey Index More Information

Index

Note: Page entries in italics refer to illustrations.

absence, representational, 48, 66, 148–149 bench figures, 153, 154, 155, 157, 163 Monument 2, 42–43 Achaemenid palace reliefs, 158 Benjamin, Walter, 85 Monument 16, 34 adornment, personal, 49, 54, 60, 79–80, Berdan, Frances, 100 Monument 17, 33,34 127–128 Bilbao. See Cotzumalguapa Monument 21, 33, 33 Afanador-Pujol, Angélica, 62 Blackman Eddy, Belize, 56, 82 Water Dancing Group (Monuments 11, 8, Aguateca, 83 Blomster, Jeffrey, 45, 48, 52–53, 60, 65, 14, 15, 6, and 7), 32, 32,42 Ajú Álvarez, Gloria, 121 95–96, 101, 121–122 Chalchuapa, 102 Aldana, Gerardo, 130 Boggs, Stanley, 39 figurines at, 82, 121 Altar de Sacrificios, 119 Borgia Codex, 129 sculpture at, 146 Alvaro Obregón sculpture, 23–24 Borhegyi, Stephan de, 152 Monument 12, 38,39 ancestors and lineage formation, 52, 72, 137, Borić,Dušan, 77 Chapman, John, 96, 104 149–150 Bourdieu, Pierre, 16, 62, 123 Cheetham, David, 49–50, 56, 59 Angulo, Jorge, 32, 34, 43 Bove, Frederick, 119 Chesson, Meredith, 45 animal spirit companion. See human–animal Braakhuis, H. E. M., 88, 92, 128 Chiapa de Corzo, 54, 130 relationship Bradley, Richard, 129 figurines at, 57–58, 93 animals, representation of breath and vocalization Chichén Itzá, 103 birds, 30, 51, 74, 76,77 in iconography of animals, 72–74 Chilam Balam book of Maní, 89 coatimundi, 148, 152 mouths as site of, 19, 40, 62–63, 70–72, Chilam Balam of Chumayel, 88 dogs, 30, 76,77 73–74 China, 132, 134 felines, 76, 80, 81 Brittain, Marcus, 104, 106 Chinchilla, Oswaldo, 103, 110 on pedestal sculpture, 150–152, 154, 156 Bronson, Bennet, 134 Chocolá, Monument 1, 89, 91 on pottery, 77–79 Broom, Donald, 165 Christenson, Allen, 91, 100, 108, 129 serpents, 30 Brown, M. Kathryn, 56, 82 chronology, questions of for the Preclassic tapirs, 76 Buena Vista sculpture, 23 period, 13–14 Appadurai, Arjun, 110 bundles, 26, 33, 141 circles of severance, 88, 88, 103 Aristotle, 77, 84 Bynum, Caroline Walker, 107–108 Clark, John, 19, 23, 42, 49, 51, 55, 62, 85, 99, Armstrong, Robert Plant, 10 119, 123, 131 Arnold, Phillip, 50–51 Cacaxtla, 26 clay, transformative properties of, 45, 86, Arroyo, Bárbara, 57, 66, 68, 71, 79, 121 Cahal Pech, 56, 82, 95 91–92, 125, 128 Assmann, Jan, 142 calendar and calendrical time, 130, 142–145, Codex Fejérváry-Mayer, 89, 90 audience, questions of, 6, 40–42, 48 147. Also see personhood, and Coe, Michael, 17, 22, 34, 49–50, 66, 71, 92, Awe, Jaime, 95 calendrical time 97, 99, 115, 158 axes, effigy, 26 camahuiles, 128 Cogolludo, Diego López de, 108 Aztec, 12, 49, 89, 100, 103–104, 106, 129 Camille, Michael, 69, 163 Colman, Arlene, 42, 49, 51, 55, 62, 85 New Fire Ceremony, 98, 98 Cantón Corralito, 24 composite beings. See supernatural identity or figurines at, 59, 61 attributes Bachand, Bruce, 57 captives, 99, 106, 116, 151, 152 Confucius, 134 Bailey, Douglass, 6, 47–49, 68–69, 86–87, 97, and the “double-play on authority,” 164 Cooper, Jerrold, 159 99, 112, 125 Carrasco, Davíd, 89 Costin, Cathy, 131 Baines, John, 8, 130, 135, 161, 168 Ceibal, 100 costume. See adornment, personal Balberta, 119 Cerro Palenque, Honduras, 82 Cotzumalguapa Baquedano, Elizabeth, 88 Chalcatzingo, 40, 101, 148 Bilbao (Cotzumalguapa) Monument 1, Baudez, Claude, 115, 134 figurines at, 46, 55–56, 72, 85, 92, 120, 122 103 beauty. See morality and social order sculpture at, 32, 32, 35, 39, 141 Bilbao (Cotzumalguapa) Monument 21, Beliaev, Dmitri, 91 Monument 1, 32, 32, 43 125

259

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47899-1 — Human Figuration and Fragmentation in Preclassic Mesoamerica Julia Guernsey Index More Information

260 Index

Cotzumalguapa (cont.) Etlatongo Hammond, Norman, 17 Bilbao (Cotzumalguapa) Monument 93, figurines at, 52–53, 53, 60, 62, 95, 109, 121 Harris, Oliver, 104, 106 102, 103 roller stamp at, 62 Hauberg Stela, 102, 102 Coyolxauhqui, 106 evolution of simplicity, concept of, 139, Helmke, Christophe, 147 crafting, acts of, 6, 8–10, 12, 56, 91–92, 118, 160–162, 166 Helms, Mary, 42, 129 123–124, 128–132 eyes. See sensory capacity, vision and eyes Henderson, Lucia, 40, 128, 142, 146, 148, Cuauhtémoc, figurines at, 59, 59,82 152–153 Cuauhtinchan Viejo, 120 Faraone, Christopher, 132 Hendon, Julia, 95, 137 Cyphers, Ann, 15, 17, 19, 28, 33, 50, 55 figurines Henne, Nathan, 88–91 and cessation of during Late Preclassic, Hepp, Guy, 53–54, 74, 77, 93, 121, 127 Dahlin, Bruce, 121 113–114, 117–119, 123–126, hieroglyphic writing, as specialized knowledge Davis, Whitney, 7 130–134, 168 in Late Preclassic, 116 Davletshin, Albert, 91 classification of, 45–46, 48 high culture, 7–10, 43, 130, 134–135, De Certeau, Michel, 137 function of, 45, 54–55, 63–64, 71 139–140, 156, 160–163, 166 Dean, Carolyn, 7 and gender. See gender, and issues of Hill, Jonathan, 158 decapitation. See mutilation, or deliberate representation in figurines Histoyre du Mechique,89 destruction. Also see fragmentation and and issues of replication, 85 Hodder, Ian, 97 bodily divisibility paint and pigment on, 70 Hodgson, John, 24 Demarest, Arthur, 121 and relationship to monumental sculpture, Holland, Dorothy, 49 Diehl, Richard, 17, 22, 49–50 xii, 3–7, 45, 86, 116–119, 123–126, hollow figurines and concept of hollowness, 48, Dieseldorff, Erwin, 150 133, 135–138, 156–157, 168 86 disjunction, dangers of, 11 suspended for wear, 53, 56, 104, 127. Also Holmul, 40 divine beings. See supernatural identity or see adornment, personal Hölscher, Tonio, 136 attributes Finca La Unión (Cacahuatan), 36 Houston, Stephen, 10, 60, 69, 71, 88, 91–92, Douglas, Mary, 98, 136 Fisher, Genevieve, 99 97, 102, 123, 131, 134, 165 Drucker, Philip, 46, 54, 150 Fitzsimmons, James, 88 Howie, Linda, 105 duck-billed figures and iconography, 59, 74 Follensbee, Billie, 33, 50–51, 93 Huamelulpan, 101 Duncan, William, 100, 111–112 footprints. See absence, representational Huitzilopochtli, 106 Durán, Diego, 48 Foucault, Michel, 3, 123, 137 human–animal relationship, 54, 74, 76–77, Durkheim, Émile, 134 Fowler, Chris, 63, 111 156 Fowler, William, 102 Humboldt celt, 104, 104 ears and hearing. See sensory capacity, hearing Foxhall, Lin, 47 humor, as social commentary, 68 and ears fragmentation and bodily divisibility, xiii, xv, Hutson, Scott, 98 earspools. See adornment, personal. Also see 167 under sensory capacity, hearing in figurines, 52–53, 55, 87–112, 124–126 Illana-Esteban, Carlos, 154 and ears in human remains, 96 India, 132, 148 efficacy of representations. See reliability, of in script traditions, 104 individuality. See personhood representations in sculpture, 38, 103, 116, 137 inference to the best explanation, xiv Egypt, 8, 44, 88, 130, 136, 161 Freedberg, David, 131 Inomata, Takeshi, 13, 100 Ehrenberg, Erica, 158 Freidel, David, 139 intervisuality, 27–28, 160 Ekholm, Susanna, 119 Fuente, Beatriz de la, 16–17, 27, 79, 157 Ixil, 128 El Baúl. Also see Cotzumalguapa Furst, Jill, 83, 88, 100 Ixlú, 56, 95 Stela 1, 80, 116, 119, 130, 142, 149 Izapa, 37, 114, 123, 126, 134, 140, 162, El Jobo, Stela 1, 101, 101, 103, 116, 137 Gallaga Murrieta, Emiliano, 57 165 El Manatí, 50, 148 Gallegos Gómora, Miriam, 54, 120 figurines at, 60, 61, 62, 119 wooden busts at, 23, 49, 54, 58, 70, 97 Garber, James, 95 sculpture at, 130, 146, 156, 161 El Mesak, 59 García-Des Lauriers, Claudia, 95 Altar 3, 147 El Mirador, 119 Gaydarska, Bisserka, 104, 106 Altar 16, 148 El Polol Altar 1, 147 Gell, Alfred, 47 Altar 21, 147 El Portón Geller, Pamela, 100 Miscellaneous Monument 4, 152 Monument 10, 146, 150, 151, 153 gender Stela 1, 115, 116, 159 Monument 12, 150 and issues of representation in figurines, 50, Stela 2, 142, 142 El Ujuxte, 59, 114, 123, 126 52–53, 56 Stela 4, 115, 115 axiality of urban design at, 119, 161 and issues of representation in sculpture, 23, 34 Stela 5, 140, 141 censer at, 124 Giddens, Anthony, 123 Stela 8, 143, 146 ceramic disk at, 124 Gillespie, Susan, 9, 44, 55, 87, 92, 97, 102, Stela 21, 103, 116, 117, 137, 152, figurines at, 119 111, 135, 137, 158, 164 159–160, 164 mortuary ritual at, 96, 136, 162 Goldsmith, Kim, 122 Stela 22, 140 offerings at, 119 González Lauck, Rebecca, 19, 30 Stela 25, 116 sculpture at, 119 Graham, John, 17, 140, 147 Stela 67, 140 El Varal, 59 Greece, 104, 136, 164, 168, 254 Throne 2, 146, 147 Elsner, Jaś, 27, 99, 111 Gronemeyer, Sven, 108 Throne 3, 154 enchainment, 104–106 Grove, David, 22, 34, 55, 92, 99, 137 Escuintla, 119 Guérin, Sarah, 158 Jackson, Sarah, 146 Estero Rabón, 19, 22, 24 Joyce, Arthur, 34–35, 54, 77, 165 Estrada-Belli, Francisco, 40 Halperin, Christina, 81, 84–85, 93, 120 Joyce, Rosemary, 12, 33–34, 55–57, 62–63, Estrada de la Cerda, Javier, 120, 146 Hamann, Byron, 98, 110 69, 76, 87, 93, 127, 135, 144

Index 261

Just, Bryan, 71 Stela 2, 29,30–31, 39 Monte Alto Juxtlahuaca, 30 Stela 3, 28, 29 sculpture at, 96, 101 Stela 5, 28, 29, 41, 43 Monument 4, 149 Kaminaljuyu, 39, 100, 126, 165 Stela 9, 74 Monument 10, 97, 149, 149 figurines at, 57, 82, 120–121, 146 Stela 19, 72 monumental, implications of term, 15, 40 pottery at, 124 La Victoria, figurines at, 66, 71, 82–83, 92, 97 Mora-Marín, Davíd, 104, 160 sculpture at, 146, 154 Laguna de los Cerros, 24 morality and social order, 133–136, 165 Sculpture 1, 147 Lamanai, 105 Morán, Elizabeth, 148 Sculpture 6, 150 Landa, Diego de, 10, 49, 88, 98, 123 motetequi, 107 Sculpture 9, 40, 40, 43, 156 landscape, representation of elements of, 20–21 Motul de San José, 81 Sculpture 10, 89, 91, 142, 147, 160, 163 Las Conchitas Altar 1, 147, 148 Mountjoy, Joseph, 122 Sculpture 11, 115, 115, 141, 147, 160 Lee, Thomas, 57, 60, 63, 93 mouths. See breath and vocalization Sculpture 12, 147–148 legibility, concept of, 139, 160–162, 166 Mundy, Barbara, 108 Sculpture 21, 128, 128 Lesure, Richard, 26, 46, 51, 58–59, 63, 82, mushroom stones, 154, 155, 163 Sculpture 24, 153 122, 154 mutilation, or deliberate destruction. Also see Sculpture 65, 141, 142, 146, 163 Linares, Adriana, 57, 120 fragmentation and bodily divisibility Sculpture 74, 153 Lindquist, Sherry, 12, 107, 162, 168 of figurines, 71, 72, 92, 94 Sculpture 174, 154 lineage. See ancestors and lineage formation of human bodies, 99 Sculpture 177, 148 Loma del Zapote, 20–22, 27 of representational pottery, 78 Sculpture 194, 151, 152 Monument 6, 30 of sculpture, 22, 34, 42, 71 Kant, Immanuel, 77 Monuments 7–9, 21, 22, 80 Kantorowicz, Ernst, 135, 158, 160 sculpture at, 30 naguales. See human–animal relationship Karnava, Artemis, 78, 104 Long, Michael, 45, 64, 66, 105 Nanoglou, Stratos, 11–13, 168 Kelley, David, 18, 87 Looper, Matthew, 11, 70 Naranjo, 57 Kidder, Alfred, 57, 152 López Austin, Alfredo, 69, 88, 104, 158 figurines at, 57, 82, 121 kinship. See ancestors and lineage formation Lopiparo, Jeanne, 95 sculpture at, 39 Kopytoff, Igor, 110 Loren, Diana DiPaolo, 99 narrative Kubler, George, 11 Los Horcones, 95 in Early Preclassic sculpture, 20–22, 30, 43 Kuijt, Ian, 45, 63 Los Naranjos, Honduras, 31 human beings as requisite component for, 30 Love, Michael, 13–14, 16, 35, 65, 80, 83, 92, 96, in Late Preclassic sculpture, 116, 139–145, La Blanca, 59, 136 100, 113, 119, 123, 126, 136–137, 148 156–158, 160–161, 166 figurines at, xi, xiii, 47–48, 65–77, 79–86, Lowe, Lynneth, 57 in Middle Preclassic sculpture, 28–32, 43 82, 83, 88, 92–93, 106, 110, 119, and time or temporal sequences, 43 122–124 MacLeod, Barbara, 108 Neiderberger, Christine, 51, 68 methods of construction of, 65, 66 maize, references to, 26, 63, 140 Newsome, Elizabeth, 10 ornaments from headdresses of, 60, 61, Mam, 108 Nixtun-Ch’ich’, 56, 95 79, 80 Manet, Édouard, 69 Nochlin, Linda, 69 “Peinados y Rapados,” 83 Marcus, George, 9 noses. See breath and vocalization “Puffy-faced,” 73, 82, 149 Marcus, Joyce, 46, 52, 71, 84, 121 “Shriners,” 80–81, 82 Martin, Simon, 113 Ohi, Kuniaki, 120, 154 “Tab,” 66–71, 67–68, 78, 83–84, 148 Martínez López, Cira, 121 Ojo de Agua, 59 mortuary ritual at, 96 Mayacal, figurines at, 50 Monument 1, 24,24 Mound 1, 65, 86, 109 Mazatán region, 35, 58–60, 62, 77, 146, 154 Monument 3, 24–27, 25, 33, 38, 141 pendant, 102, 102, 127 figurine from, 59 Olmec, as term to describe a cultural sphere, pottery (representational) at, 77–79, 78, 126 McAnany, Patricia, 137, 162 23 sculpture at Mejía, Héctor, 100 Olmec style, 59–60 Monument 1, 37,37 Meskell, Lynn, 46, 62, 64, 66, 77, 86 in figurines, 49, 51, 53–54, 57–59 Monument 4, 37, 38, 63 Mesoamerica, geographical boundaries and ontology. See personhood stamps at, 60, 61, 80, 80 definition of, 1 Orrego Corzo, Miguel, 35, 148 La Consentida, 53, 93, 127 Mesopotamia, 8, 44, 158, 160–162 Ortiz, Ponciano, 23, 70 La Joya, figurines at, 50,50–51 Michoacán, 62 outsourcing, concept of, 133–134 La Lagunita, Sarcophagus 4, 128, 128 Milbrath, Susan, 34, 43 Overholtzer, Lisa, 99, 129 La Mojarra, Stela 1, 142, 144 Miller, Virginia, 103 Ovid, 10 La Venta, 54, 101 mimesis, 84–85 Oxtotitlan, 30 figurines at, 46, 54,54–55, 82–83 miniaturization. See scale Offering 4, 63 Mirzoeff, Nicholas, 27 palma, 102, 102 sculpture at, 28, 35–36, 38–39, 43 Mitchell, W. J. T., 46 Parsons, Elsie Clews, 48 Altar 3, 30 Mitla, 48 Parsons, Lee Allen, 152–153 Altar 5, 30, 31,54 Mixtec, 108 Paso de la Amada, 58–59 Monument 2, 19, 63 mold-made figurines. See figurines, and issues of Pasztory, Esther, 11, 44, 103, 132 Monument 3, 18,63 replication pedestal sculptures, 163 Monument 4, 19, 63 Monaghan, John, 83, 88, 109, 111 personhood, xiii, xviii, 69, 77, 83–84, 87, 101, Monument 13, 30, 31, 43, 109, 130, 148 Monte Albán, 96, 104 106, 111–112, 124, 135, 160, 167 Monument 52, 41 figurines at, 121–122 and calendrical time, 83, 88–89 Monuments 52–54, 41 sculpture at, 101 phenomenology, 64 Monument 63, 28, 29,30 Danzantes, 34,34–35, 43, 60, 130, 140 Piedras Negras, 141 Stela 1, 31 hieroglyphic captions on, 34, 89 Pierce, Charles, 77

262 Index

Pijijiapan Monument 18, 20 Stoner, Wesley, 99, 129 Monument 1, 38, 38,43 Monument 21, 30 Strathern, Marilyn, 104, 111 Monument 2, 39 Monument 30, 30 Strauss, Stephanie, 30, 116, 146, 158 Pinney, Christopher, 110, 167 Monument 34, 20, 20 Stuart, David, 10 Pinzón, Flory, 70, 72, 88 Monument 41, 22 Summers, David, 11 Plato, 77, 132 Monument 52, 24 sumptuary rules, 42, 50 Playa de los Muertos, 56, 120 Monument 56, 21, 22, 28 supernatural identity or attributes Plunket, Patricia, 120 Monument 105, 21 in figurines, 44, 79 Pointon, Mary, 105 Monument 106, 30–31 in sculpture, 16–17, 21, 26, 30, 40, 44, Pokomam, 128 Monument 107, 21–22, 21 115–116, 157–158 Ponce, Alonso, 48 Monument 112, 20 Suzuki, Shintaro, 100 Pool, Christopher, 51, 54 San Martín Pajapán, 24 Popenoe de Hatch, Marion, 57, 120, 126 San Miguel Amuco, 28 Tajumulco, 102 Popol Vuh, 69, 88–92, 100, 116, 129, 131, Sandstrom, Alan, 49, 108 Takalik Abaj, 127, 165 136 Sandstrom, Pamela, 108 figurines at, 60, 63 portraiture, questions of, 44, 158–160 Santa Leticia, 121 narrativity in art at, 43 potbelly monuments, 149–150, 154, 156–157 Santa Rita Corozal, 49 sculpture at, 35–37, 130, 146, 156, Principal Bird Deity, 115 Santiago Atitlán, 108 161–162 Proskouriakoff, Tatiana, 10 Sassaman, Kenneth, 123 Altar 12, 143, 145, 147 Puerto Escondido (Honduras), 95, 127 scale, issues of, 77–79, 125 Altar 13, 159 Scarre, Chris, 162 Altar 28, 154 quatrefoils, 32, 43, 146 Scherer, Andrew, 72, 96, 99, 101 Altar 46, 148, 148 Quetzalcoatl, 89 Schieber de Lavarreda, Christa, 35, 148 Altar 48, 142, 143, 146–147 Schwarz, Kevin, 100, 111 Monument 1, 35, 36 Rattray, Evelyn, 122 Scott, James, 139, 161 Monument 11, 143, 144 Reents-Budet, Dorie, 27, 92, 130 Scott, Sue, 93 Monument 55, 37 regalia. See adornment, personal sculpture, definitional issues of term, 6–7, 46 Monument 64, 36, 37, 43 Reilly, F. Kent, 32 Seler, Eduard, 107, 152 Stela 5, 116, 118, 127, 128, 130, 144, reliability, of representations, 130–136, 138 selfhood, concept of. See personhood 146–147, 159 in ancient Greece, 132 sensory capacity Talalay, Lauren, 104 and images of the Buddha, 132 hearing and ears, 62, 75–76 Tate, Carolyn, 26, 28, 70 and the Synod of Hieria, 132 earspools in iconography of, 62, 70, 75 Taube, Karl, 10, 69, 71 Renfrew, Colin, 3 vision and eyes, 59, 69–70, 70,72 Tedlock, Dennis, 88, 91 replication. See figurines, and issues of Shakespeare, 160 Tenochtitlan (Aztec capital), 49, 106 replication Sheets, Payson, 121 Tenochtitlán (Veracruz), sculpture at, representation, issues of, 11–12 Shook, Edwin, 57, 82, 153 Monument 1, 21, 22, 30 Reynosa, 100 Shults, LeRon, 77 Teopantecuanitlan, 70 Rice, Prudence, 56, 95, 144 Signorelli, Luca, 107 Teopanzolco, 103 Richards, Janet, 139 silhouette sculpture, 152–153, 153, 164 Teotihuacan, 93, 120, 122, 129 Ringle, William, 119, 164 Simonett, Helena, 12 figurines at, 103, 103 Río Pesquero, 24 Sin Cabezas, 154 Tepantitla mural, 103, 103 Ritual of the Bacabs, 89 size. See scale Tetimpa, 120 Rodríguez, María del Carmen, 23, 70 Skeates, Robin, 60 Tezcatlipoca, 89 Rodríguez Ortiz, Henry, 121 skin, as surface for inscription, 60–62 Thomas, Julian, 96 Rome, 15, 111 Smith, Adam, 113 thrones, 16, 18, 30, 59, 145–149 Ronsairo, Karleen, 65 Smith, Mary Elizabeth, 108 Ticomán, 51 Rosenswig, Robert, 59, 62, 70 Smith, Monica, 84, 133 Tikal, xvii, 56, 70, 93 Rust, William, 54 Sojuel, Francisco, 108 Tiltepec monument, 39 stamps and stamping, 60–62 Tlaltecuhtli, 89 Sahagún, Bernardino de, 48, 98, 100, 106, at La Blanca, 61 Tlapacoya, 51, 68, 101 129, 148 Stanton, Travis, 98 Tlatilco, 51, 101 salt, 48, 59, 140 Stanzione, Vincent, 108 Tlaxcala, 51, 120, 122 Samayoa, Carlos, 152 star motif, 60 tlazolli, concept of, 98 San Andrés (Tabasco), 54 figurines with, 61 Tolstoy, Paul, 51 San Bartolo, 70 on headdress ornament from figurine, Tomaltepec, 101 San José Mogote, 101 61 tonalli, concept of, 100 figurines at, 52–53, 52,63 on stamp, 61 Torres, Miguel, 154 San Lorenzo, 16–23, 37, 42, 44, 55, 59 Starr, Frederick, 48 Tres Zapotes, 130 figurines at, 49–51, 49, 60, 85, 109 state formation, issues concerning, 1, 113–114, figurines at, 51, 54, 55, 74, sculpture at, 30, 63, 87, 121, 146 136, 161, 165, 167 120 Monument 1, 2,96 Stevenson, Alice, 136 sculpture at, 31, 41 Monument 2, 18, 18 Stewart, Susan, 63, 68, 143, 157 Monument M, 31 Monument 10, 19,20 Stirling, Matthew, 22, 99 Stela A, 31 Monument 11, 19,19 Stocker, Terry, 46 Stela D, 31, 32 Monument 12, 22 Stone, Andrea, 26 Tula, 129 Monument 14, 17–18, 27, 43, 109 stone, significance of, 15 Turner, Terence, 158

Index 263

Turner, Victor, 163 vision. See sensory capacity, vision and Winter, Marcus, 121 Tuxtla Statuette, 60 eyes Wolf, Eric, 13, 138–139 Tway, Maria, 54 Viveiros de Castro, Eduardo, 77 Tzanetou, Angeliki, 164 Voigt, Mary, 46 Xipe Totec, 106 Xoc rock carving, 41, 41,44 Uaxactun, 56, 74, 119 Wagner, Roy, 111 Xunantunich, 165 u-baah, concept of, 10 wahy characters, 107 Umberger, Emily, 129 water, iconography of, 37, 115, 140 Yaeger, Jason, 165 urbanism, issues of, 113–114, 125, 134, 156, weights, 80 Yautepec, 120 165–167 Weitzmann, Kurt, 27 Yoffee, Norman, 8, 113, 135, 161 Urcid, Javier, 34–35 Wengrow, David, 139, 160–161 Yucuita, 53 Uruñuela, Gabriela, 120 Wenzel, Claudia, 132 West Mexico, 122, 140 Zaachila, 48 Vaillant, George, 45, 55 Wetherington, Ronald, 57, 120 Zacatenco, ﬁgurines at, 51, 122 Van Buren, Mary, 139–140 whistles, 57, 72, 74, 77, 86 Zacatepec, Lienzo de, 108, 109, 110 Vasquez, Jules, 49 Wicke, Charles, 103 Zacpeten, 100 Velásquez, Juan Luis, 100 Willey, Gordon, 11, 119 Zazacatla, 6 Velásquez García, Erik, 87 winik, concept of, 10, 88–91 Zender, Marc, 18, 87 Viejón, 28 Winter, Irene, 44, 141, 158–160 Zurita-Noguera, Judith, 19