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'They Made Gullah': Modernist Primitivists and The
“ ‘They Made Gullah’: Modernist Primitivists and the Discovery and Creation of Sapelo Island, Georgia’s Gullah Community, 1915-1991” By Melissa L. Cooper A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in History written under the direction of Dr. Mia Bay and approved by New Brunswick, New Jersey January 2012 2012 Melissa L. Cooper ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION “ ‘They Made Gullah’: Modernist Primitivists and the Discovery and Creation of Sapelo Island, Georgia’s Gullah Community, 1915-1991” by Melissa L. Cooper Dissertation Director: Dr. Mia Bay ABSTRACT: The history of Sapelo Islanders in published works reveals a complex cast of characters, each one working through ideas about racial distinction and inheritance; African culture and spirituality; and the legacy of slavery during the most turbulent years in America’s race-making history. Feuding social scientists, adventure seeking journalists, amateur folklorists, and other writers, initiated and shaped the perception of Sapelo Islanders’ distinct connection to Africa during the 1920s and 1930s, and labeled them “Gullah.” These researchers characterized the “Gullah,” as being uniquely connected to their African past, and as a population among whom African “survivals” were readily observable. This dissertation argues that the popular view of Sapelo Islanders’ “uniqueness” was the product of changing formulations about race and racial distinction in America. Consequently, the “discovery” of Sapelo Island’s Gullah folk was more a sign of times than an anthropological discovery. This dissertation interrogates the intellectual motives of the researchers and writers who have explored Sapelo Islanders in their works, and argues that the advent of American Modernism, the development of new social scientific theories and popular cultural works during the 1920s and 1930s, and other trends shaped their depictions. -
A Finding Aid to the Eldzier Cortor Papers, Circa 1930S-2015, Bulk 1972-2015 in the Archives of American Art
A Finding Aid to the Eldzier Cortor papers, circa 1930s-2015, bulk 1972-2015 in the Archives of American Art Justin Brancato and Rayna Andrews Funding for the 2017 processing of this collection was provided by the Henry Luce Foundation. 2017 December 28 Archives of American Art 750 9th Street, NW Victor Building, Suite 2200 Washington, D.C. 20001 https://www.aaa.si.edu/services/questions https://www.aaa.si.edu/ Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical Note............................................................................................................. 2 Scope and Content Note................................................................................................. 3 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 3 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 4 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 5 Series 1: Biographical Material, 1947-2012............................................................. 5 Series 2: Correspondence, 1970-2015.................................................................... 6 Series 3: Professional Files, -
African American Modernist: the Exhibition, the Artist, and His Legacy
Aaron Douglas: African American Modernist 121 Aaron Douglas: African American Modernist: The Exhibition, the Artist, and His Legacy Stephanie Fox Knappe On September 8, 2007, the Spencer Museum of Art at the University of Kansas, Lawrence, opened the first nationally traveling retrospective to com- memorate the art and legacy of Aaron Douglas (1899–1979), the preeminent visual artist of the Harlem Renaissance. Aaron Douglas: African American Modernist reaffirmed his position in the annals of what remains the largely white epic of American modernism and focused new attention on lesser-known facets of the lengthy career of the indefatigable artist. The retrospective of nearly one hundred works in a variety of media from thirty-seven lenders, as well as its accompanying catalogue, conference, and myriad complementary programs, declared the power of Douglas’s distinctive imagery and argued for the lasting potency of his message. This essay provides an opportunity to extend the experience presented by Aaron Douglas: African American Modernist during its fifteen-month tour. Beginning at the Spencer Museum of Art and continuing on to the Frist Center for the Visual Arts in Nashville, and Washington D.C.’s Smithsonian American Art Museum, the exhibition closed on November 30, 2008, at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in New York. Many of the works that were gathered together for the traveling retrospective with the purpose of showcasing Douglas, his role in American modernism, and his enduring legacy are discussed in this essay. Additionally, to acknowledge that rare is the artist whose work may truly be understood when divorced from the context in which it took root, the 0026-3079/2008/4901/2-121$2.50/0 American Studies, 49:1/2 (Spring/Summer 2008): 121-130 121 122 Stephanie Fox Knappe art that composed Aaron Douglas: African American Modernist is presented here in tandem with key biographical elements. -
View Exhibition Brochure
1 Renée Cox (Jamaica, 1960; lives & works in New York) “Redcoat,” from Queen Nanny of the Maroons series, 2004 Color digital inket print on watercolor paper, AP 1, 76 x 44 in. (193 x 111.8 cm) Courtesy of the artist Caribbean: Crossroads of the World, organized This exhibition is organized into six themes by El Museo del Barrio in collaboration with the that consider the objects from various cultural, Queens Museum of Art and The Studio Museum in geographic, historical and visual standpoints: Harlem, explores the complexity of the Caribbean Shades of History, Land of the Outlaw, Patriot region, from the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804) to Acts, Counterpoints, Kingdoms of this World and the present. The culmination of nearly a decade Fluid Motions. of collaborative research and scholarship, this exhibition gathers objects that highlight more than At The Studio Museum in Harlem, Shades of two hundred years of history, art and visual culture History explores how artists have perceived from the Caribbean basin and its diaspora. the significance of race and its relevance to the social development, history and culture of the Caribbean: Crossroads engages the rich history of Caribbean, beginning with the pivotal Haitian the Caribbean and its transatlantic cultures. The Revolution. Land of the Outlaw features works broad range of themes examined in this multi- of art that examine dual perceptions of the venue project draws attention to diverse views Caribbean—as both a utopic place of pleasure and of the contemporary Caribbean, and sheds new a land of lawlessness—and investigate historical light on the encounters and exchanges among and contemporary interpretations of the “outlaw.” the countries and territories comprising the New World. -
The South Side & Beyond
THE INDEPENDENT VOICE OF THE VISUAL ARTS Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York Volume 32 No. 6 July/August 2018 Established 1973 The South Side & Beyond: A Chicago Art Legacy INSIDE Patric McCoy, Pioneering South Side Art Collector Seven Reviews Cover Shows of African-American Artists Cleveland Prepares to Host International Art Triennial $8 U.S. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists-Sponsored Show Features Martyl and (art)n SUBSCRIPTIONS NEW ART EXAMINER IS AVAILABLE FROM THE FOLLOWING CHICAGO OUTLETS: The New Art Examiner has a long history of pro- ducing quality and independent art criticism. 57th Street Books Subscription rates include six issues, print and digi- 1301 E 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 tal version sent by email. (773) 684-1300 USA/Canada $55 postage incl. ARC Gallery Rest of World $80 postage incl. 2156 N Damen Ave, Chicago, IL 60647 (773) 252-2232 Please send checks, along with your name and Corbett vs Dempsey Gallery address, made payable to: 1120 N Ashland Ave, Chicago, IL 60622 New Art Examiner (773) 278-1664 5542 N. Paulina St. Chicago, IL 60640. USA. Fahlstrtom’s Fresh Fish Market 1258 W Belmont Ave, Chicago, IL 60657 (773) 281-6000 ADVERTISING RATES 2018 Firecat Projects 2124 N Damen Ave, Chicago, IL 60647 FULL PAGE Inside front cover $500 (773) 342-5381 Inside back cover $400 Hilton | Asmus Contemporary FULL PAGE $300 716 N Wells St, Chicago, IL 60654 HALF PAGE – portrait/landscape $200 (312) 475-1788 QUARTER PAGE – (editorial page) $125 Jackson and Junge Gallery (add $25 for inclusion on web site) 1339 N. -
Haitian Contemporary Art in Transit a Dissertation
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles “No Word for ‘Art’ in Kreyòl”: Haitian Contemporary Art in Transit A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Culture and Performance by Peter Lockwood Haffner 2017 © Copyright by Peter Lockwood Haffner 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION No Word for ‘Art’ in Kreyòl”: Haitian Contemporary Art in Transit by Peter Lockwood Haffner Doctor of Philosophy in Culture and Performance University of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Allen Fraleigh Roberts, Co-Chair Professor Mary Nooter Roberts, Co-Chair The dissertation that follows is an inter-disciplinary study of the ways in which a range of individuals with varying stakes and motivations have constructed a category called “Haitian Art” during a period beginning prior to World War II and extending to the present day. Haitian Art, like any cultural product ascribed to a group of people, is a taxonomic construction that subsumes a diverse and complex set of artistic and cultural practices under a limited and often questionable rubric. Over decades, international connections between Haiti and the US have consistently influenced and directed visual arts production in Haiti. Historically, tourism has played an outsized role in facilitating these cross-cultural contacts and exchanges between Haitian artists and expatriate visitors to Haiti. More recently, “traditional” forms of tourism have given way to visitors who travel to Haiti, not for purposes of leisure, but in response to the myriad crises that have afflicted the country. For this thesis, I argue that movements of people, ideas, and art objects have contributed to narratives of “Haiti” that have circulated throughout the United States vis-à-vis the production, acquisition, and exhibition of works made by Haitian ii artists. -
The Judgment Day 1939 Oil on Tempered Hardboard Overall: 121.92 × 91.44 Cm (48 × 36 In.) Inscription: Lower Right: A
National Gallery of Art NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART ONLINE EDITIONS American Paintings, 1900–1945 Aaron Douglas American, 1899 - 1979 The Judgment Day 1939 oil on tempered hardboard overall: 121.92 × 91.44 cm (48 × 36 in.) Inscription: lower right: A. Douglas '39 Patrons' Permanent Fund, The Avalon Fund 2014.135.1 ENTRY Aaron Douglas spent his formative years in the Midwest. Born and raised in Topeka, Kansas, he attended a segregated elementary school and an integrated high school before entering the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. In 1922 he graduated with a bachelor’s degree in fine arts, and the following year he accepted a teaching position at Lincoln High School, an elite black institution in Kansas City. Word of Douglas’s talent and ambition soon reached influential figures in New York including Charles Spurgeon Johnson (1893–1956), one of the founders of the New Negro movement. [1] Johnson instructed his secretary, Ethel Nance, to write to the young artist encouraging him to come east (“Better to be a dishwasher in New York than to be head of a high school in Kansas City"). [2] In the spring of 1925, after two years of teaching, Douglas resigned his position and began the journey that would place him at the center of the burgeoning cultural movement later known as the Harlem Renaissance. [3] Douglas arrived in New York three months after an important periodical, Survey Graphic, published a special issue titled Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro. [4] A landmark publication, the issue included articles by key members of the New Negro movement: Charles S. -
Feminist Studies > Reclaiming Histories: Betye and Alison Saar, Feminism, and the Representation of Black Womanhood
Reclaiming Histories: Betye and Alison Saar, Feminism, and the Representation of Black Womanhood Jessica Dallow The feminist movement has given me more professional exposure. But I resist that now, just like I resist exhibiting in African Amer- ican artists' shows. I've always worked the same way, and haven't done anything I would consider "feminist art." –Betye Saar Yes, I am a feminist. I was involved with the Women's Space [Womanspace] here in Los Angeles. Feminism for me implies more like humanism, just accepting yourself and knowing that it's okay to be the way you are. For me the ultimate goal is to be a whole person and to accept the outcome. –Betye Saar People aren't really ready to deal with fierce female passion. –Alison Saar Betye Saar considers herself a feminist; however she resists designating her artwork as such. Similarly, Alison Saar, Betye's daughter, avoids labeling her own art as feminist.1 Yet, both artists have helped to shape a feminist consciousness in the arts since the early 1970s through their probing constructions of autobiography, self-identity, family, and the fe- male body: a consciousness circulating around the historical develop- ment of the African American female nude. Betye's early ideas of spiritu- ality and ethnicity, shaped in the early 1970s, have germinated within her daughter, evidenced by Alison's bust- and full-length nude, non- white female figures of the 1980s and 1990s. The Saars' intergenera- tional explorations of race, history, and the black female body represent a crucial step to reclaim the contentious history surrounding the visual representation of African American women. -
An American Journey
UNIT 5 An American Journey Visual Prompt: Duke Ellington (seated at the piano) was a major presence in the Harlem Renaissance. He was famous for playing jazz, although he played other genres as well, such as classical, blues, and gospel. How does the music of an era influence writers? Unit Overview Ever since the Pilgrims traveled to America, the concept of the “journey” has been part of the American experience. In this unit, you will take two journeys. First, you will experience a cultural journey by exploring the voices of the Harlem Renaissance. You will then study one voice in depth by reading Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston. A major writer of the Harlem Renaissance, Hurston will take you on one character’s journey © 2017 College Board. All rights reserved. of self-discovery. G11_U5_SE_B1.indd 395 05/04/16 12:36 pm UNIT An American Journey 5 GOALS: Contents • To explore the concept of “journey” Activities • To analyze a writer’s complex 5.1 Previewing the Unit ................................................................ 398 writing and stylistic choices • To research and synthesize 5.2 Developing Research Questions ..............................................399 information about a Informational Text: “The Harlem Renaissance,” adapted from literary era The 1920s, by Kathleen Drowne and Patrick Huber • To create a multimedia presentation 5.3 The Historical Context of the Harlem Renaissance ..................404 Informational Text: Introduction to The New Negro, by Alain Locke ACADEMIC VOCABULARY Poetry: “To Usward,” by Gwendolyn B. Bennett renaissance Poetry: “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” by James Weldon Johnson annotated bibliography Literary Criticism: Excerpt from “On ‘From the Dark Tower,’” by Eugenia W. -
VMFA – Collections – Acquistions Dec 2017
COMMUNICATIONS DIVISION VIRGINIA MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS 200 N. Boulevard I Richmond, Virginia 23220 www.vmfa.museum/pressroom FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE FEBRUARY 23, 2018 VMFA Acquires Three Major Works of African American Art Acquisitions further VMFA goal of becoming a leader in the field Richmond, Virginia – The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (VMFA) recently added three major works of African American art to its collection: David Drake’s Two-Handled Jug, Archibald Motley Jr.’s Town of Hope and Sanford Biggers’ Overstood. These acquisitions add to VMFA’s growing collection of African American art, a major focus of the museum’s acquisition strategy since 2015 as part of its five-year strategic plan. “The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts is committed to establishing a leadership role in the collecting and display of African American art,” said Alex Nyerges, VMFA director. “These three works are a significant step toward that goal and represent three distinct periods in African American history as well as important works of art that will delight and inspire our visitors for generations to come.” These recent acquisitions join Romare Bearden’s landmark 1967 collage Three Folk Musicians, added to VMFA’s collections last year, and are among a total of 52 new works recently approved for acquisition by the VMFA’s Board of Trustees. David Drake, Two-Handled Jug Inscribed “January 29th 1840”, this rare ceramic jug is believed to be the earliest signed and dated poem piece produced by the enslaved Edgefield, South Carolina, artisan David Drake, popularly known as “Dave the Potter.” The jar stands 18 inches tall with two top handles, a form designed to store and pour molasses and other staples. -
View the Full Chronology (PDF, 548KB)
CHRONOLOGY POLITICAL KEY POLITICAL ATLANTIC ART AND ART BACKGROUND EVENTS AND PEOPLE THOUGHT LITERARY EVENTS MOVEMENTS 0 Portuguese bring 0 5 African captives to 1 . Europe as slaves c 8 First African captives 1 5 shipped directly from 1 . c Africa to America Start of large-scale s slavetrading by 0 4 British slavers and 6 1 sugar cultivation in British Caribbean 0 4 7 1 Jamaica’s First – 5 Maroon War 6 6 1 5 Olaudah Equiano 4 7 born in what is now 1 . c Nigeria (West Africa) Ottobah Cugoano 7 5 born near Ajumako, 7 1 modern Ghana 3 8 – American War of 5 7 Independence 7 1 Ottobah Cugoano Freed black settlers publishes Thoughts 7 from England, Nova 8 and Sentiments on 7 1 Scotia and Jamaica the Evil of Slavery and arrive in Sierra Leone Commerce of the Human Species 9 9 – 9 French Revolution 8 7 1 4 0 8 1 – Haitian Revolution 1 9 7 1 Olaudah Equiano publishes The 9 Interesting Narrative of 8 7 the Life of Olaudah 1 Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa the African POLITICAL KEY POLITICAL ATLANTIC ART AND ART BACKGROUND EVENTS AND PEOPLE THOUGHT LITERARY EVENTS MOVEMENTS 1 January, 4 Haiti declared a 0 8 free republic 1 5 2 Wars for – 6 independence 0 8 in South America 1 25 March, Act for the Abolition of the Slave 7 0 Trade declares the 8 1 slave trade illegal in the British Empire Sierra Leone becomes a British colony, in which 8 0 Christian missionaries 8 1 settle and educate slaves rescued from slave ships 1 Chile gains 1 8 1 independence 8 1 8 1 14 February, r o Frederick Douglass 7 born (as slave) 1 8 1 9 About 8000 9 – Afro-Brazilian former -
Aaron Douglas (1899 -1979)
Tennessee State University Digital Scholarship @ Tennessee State University Nashville Conference on African American History and Culture Tennessee African-American History 1998 Aaron Douglas (1899 -1979) Reavis L. Mitchell, Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/conference-on-african- american-history-and-culture Recommended Citation Mitchell, Jr., Reavis L., "Aaron Douglas (1899 -1979)" (1998). Nashville Conference on African American History and Culture. 2. https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/conference-on-african-american-history-and-culture/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Tennessee African-American History at Digital Scholarship @ Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nashville Conference on African American History and Culture by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship @ Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Profiles of Aliican AmenCans in Tennessee Aaron Douglas (1899-1979) Aaron Douglas was a "pioneering Alain Locke's survey of the Harlem Renaissance, Africanist" artist who led the way in using African The New Negro. Locke called Douglas a -oriented imagery in visual art during the Harlem "pioneering Africanist," and that stamp of praise Renaissance of 1919-1929. His work has been and approval for the artist influenced future credited as the catalyst for the art genre historians to describe Douglas as "the father of "incorporating themes in form and style which Black American art." His fame quickly spread affirm the validity of the black consciousness and beyond Harlem, and he began to mount painting experience in America." exhibitions in Chicago and Nashville, among Douglas was born in Topeka, Kansas, on numerous other cities, and to point murals and May 26, 1899, to Aaron and Elizabeth Douglas.