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Tsfte Monthly Magazine of Jin Qomunn <§aidhealaeh

Volume XVI. Oct., 1920, to Sept., 1921. inclusive.

AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH 114 West Campfeli. Street, Glasgow. ^ CONTENTS.

GAELIC DEPARTMENT. PAGE Am Fear Deasachaidh— Adhartachadh agus Foghlum na Gaidhlig 85 Oraid a’ Chinn Suidhe, - - - 1 Am biodh oibrichean mora chum maith Am Foghar agus an t-Samhain, - 17 na Gaidhealtaohd, - - - - 117 An Geamhradh, - - - - - 33 Ardachadh na Gaidhlig agus na Sochair- A’ Bhliadhna Ur, - - - - 49 ean a gheibh sinn troimh eolas oirre, 162 Gaidheil agus Fearann, - - - 65 Blar Chairinnis, ----- 67 An t-Earrach, ----- 81 Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, - - ' - - 123 Croiteirean an la an diugh, - - 97 Cruinne Eolas: Alba, - - - 38, 77 Meuran a’ Chomuinn, - - - 113 Dealbh Chluich, - - - - 41, 53 Spiorad na h-aimsir a tha ann, - 129 Eoghann Mac an Toisich agus na Leas na Gaidhealtaohd, - - - 145 Cuimeinich, ----- 100 Saothair a’ Chomuinn Ghaidhealaich, 161 Fas Gniomhachais na Gaidhealtachd, - 148 Seachd Bliadhna ’n ama so, - - 177 Fear a’ Chbta Shlibistich liath-ghlais, - 25 A’ Bheurla Shasunnach mar a Ghnach- Latha Blar Shron Chlachain, - - - 84 aiehear i an Albainn mu Dheas, Mar a thainig a latha fhein air Maol 132, 175, 179 Innis, ------181 Bardachd. PAGE Alba, - 61 Feasgar 7sa Ghleann, 13 Failte do Bharraidh, 83 Tir nan Og, - 72 Bardachd agus Ceol. PAGE PAGE A’ Chailinn tha tamh mu Loch Eite, 121 Bodach na Gealaich, 58 A’ Chaora Cheann-fhionn, 93 Caisteal a’ Ghlinne, 154 An Gaidheal air leaba-bais, - 73 Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fhein, - 104 3 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT. PAGE PAGE An Comunn (New Members) Highland Gathering at Thurso, - - 95 15, 32, 63, 95, 110, 127, U3, 157, 175, 191 ,, Home Industries, - - - 138 An Comunn (News) - - - - 46 „ Reconstruction, - - - 57 A People’s Music, ----- 47 „ Wealth in 13th Century, 79, 88 A Specific for the Gaelic Language, - 135 Kilt, The, ------139 Ancient Forests in the Highlands, - - 99 Land Settlement, 59 Annual Business Meeting, - - - 19 Leaving Certificate Examination, - 122, 136 April Classes at Inverness, - - - 155 Letter to the Editor, - - - - 15 Arbroath Gaelic Society, - - - 39 Lia Fail, The, ----- 138 Book of the Dean of Lismore, From the, Lochbroom Branch, - - - - 120 153, 168 Mon in Oban— Branch Keports, 30, 62, 78, 93, 109, 124 Twenty-fourth Mod, - - - - 3 Branches (New), ----- 45 Children’s Day, 3 Broadford Singing Classes, - - - 111 Official Opening, - - - - 4 Cadboll Stone, The, - - - - 135 President’s Address, - - - - 4 Ceilidh Semi-Jubilee, - - - - 125 Choral Contests, ----- 8 Celtic Temperament, Principal Mac- Grand Concert, - - - - 8 Alister, ------37 Prize List, 9 Colonel H. Burnley Campbell, - - 15 Music a la Mod, - - - - - 13 Coming Argyllshire Gathering, - - 91 A Judge’s Impression, - - - 14 Corrections, - - - - - 66, 180 Memorial, Miss Kate Fraser, - - 131 Etiquette of the Gael, - - - 147, 187 Mod Competition Song, - - - - 154 Ex-Provost MacFarlan, - - - 126 Notes and Comments, - - - 111, 126 Executive Council, 1920-21, - - - 21 Oban Mod Fund, ----- 47 „ „ Meetings, 51, 107, 141, 166 Propaganda Tour, - - - 91, 140 Fernaig MSS., From the, - - 75, 152 Racial Distinctions in Scotland, - - 75 Gaelic in London, - - - - -121 Reviews, - 15, 31, 46, 63, 127, 143, 153 „ Parting Songs, - - - - 105 Scottish Gael’s Bequests, - - - 78 ,, Poetry of Aird, - - - - 61 Scotland’s Physical Disabilities, - - 143 „ Society of Perth, - - - 35 Secretary’s Page, „ The Joy of, - - - - - 114 29, 40, 60, 74, 92, 108, 159, 171, 186 „ The Position of, - - - - 107 Some interesting associations of a Glasgow Mod Fund, pioneer Celtic Society, - 156, 173, 184 95, 110, 127, 143, 159, 175, 191 Songs of the Hebrides’, - - - - 46 Highland Character (Sir John L. Mac- Vacation Gaelic Classes, - - - 14 Lend), ------90 VOLUMES II., V., VI., VII., VIII., X., XI. to XVI. MAY BE HAD FROM THE SECRETARY of AN COMUNN, 114 West Campbell Street, GLASGOW.

Vols. up to 11, - 3 -. ,, 12 to 16, - 4 -. Postage Extra. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.] Mhios Deireannach an Fhogharaidh, 1920. [Earrann 1. ceumannan cho fad agus is urrainn mi, agus a CLAR-iNNSIDH. bhi a’ deanamh mo dhichill an Comunn Mor agus cliiiiteach so a’ stiuireadh le gliocas agus Twenty-FourthAm M6d. 1920 M6dOvaid of a’Chinn An Comunn Suidhe, Gaidhealach, - le eiid. Ach so cha ’n ’eil e ’nam chomas a The Children’s Day, dheanamh na’s lugha na bheir sibhse misneach The OfficialPresident’s Openinsr, Address, - - . - - agus cuideachadh dhomh agus gu’n ciim sibh The ChoralGrand Concert,Contests, taic ii mo ghairdeanan. Is ard, glbrmhor an The Prize List, rim airson an deach An Comunn a chuir air Music“ Feasgar a la sMod, a Ghleann, ’ . - - - chois agus am Mod Naiseanta a ghiiilan air TheA Judge’s Vacation Impressions, Gaelic Classes, - - - - aghaidh o bhliadhna gu bliadhna. A’ Ghaidh- The Late Colonel H. Burnley Campbell, 15 lig, ar canain mhathaireil, sean chanain Alba, a LetterKeview, to the F.ditor, 15 chumail beo air Gaidhealtachd agus air Galld- An Comunn Gaidhealach—New Members, achd, bratach na Gaidhlige a chumail a’ snamh anns a’ ghaoith. So dileab mhor a thainig a AM MOD, 1920. nuas o ar n-aithrichean. Nach mor am baud, nach ole an airidh, gu’m bitheamaid a’ deanamh ORAID A’ CHINN SUIDHE. dearmaid air an dileab so; gu’m bitheamaid mar a tha. tuilleadh ’sa choir de Ghaidheil a’ Labhair Ceann Suidhe a’ Chomuinn Ghaidh- deanamh, a’ cur an suarachas an ionmhais so ealaich, an t-Urr. Seoras U. MacAoidh, agus a’ reic an coir-bhreith. Nar leigeadh Dia ministeir Chillfhinn, mar a leanas, aig Mod an gu’n lean ar luchd-diithcha anns a’ cheum so. Obain. Bha cruinneachadh mor an lathair. Gu dearbh fhein is aim a ghuidheas sinn gu’m A mhnathan-uaisle agus a dhaoine-uaisle—-Is bi tuilleadh agus tuilleadh meas aca air an beag nach ’eil mi air mo naireachadh leis an canain, gu’m hi iad a.’ cumail taobh rithe, gu’m onoir mhdir a chuireadh orm leis a’ Chomunn bi iad a’ nochdadh baigh agus graidh di, gu’m Ghaidhealach. Chuir sibhse anns a’ chathair bi iad aig gach am agus aims gach aite a’ mi. Tha mi air m’ ardachadh gu bhi air bhur deanamh an dichill chum a’ bhi a’ cuideachadh ceann—Ceann Suidhe a’ Chomuinn. Is gann leis a’ Chomunn Ghaidhealach ann a bhi a’ is urrai linear onoir is mo na sin a bhuileachadh cumail suas na Gaidhlige agus eblas oirre a air Gaidheal sam bith air an la an diugh. An chur am meud. uair a smuainicheas mi orra-san a thainig romham anns an dreuchd so is gann is urrainn Cha ’n e uair no dha a chuala sinn na domh mo cheann a thogail, mo bheul fhosgladh, briathran “ measail aig islibh agus uaislibh.” no mo bhriathran a liubhairt—Ceannardan Tha mi an dbcha.s nach ’eil an la fad as anns comasach, foghainteach, dealasach, deas- am bi eblas air a‘ Ghaidhlig aig a h-uile Tigh- chainnteach, mar a bha Ban-Tigheama Orm- earna fearainn anns a’ Ghaidhealtachd, diiican adail, an t-Ollamh MacAoidh, Inbhirnis, agus is ban-diiican, morairean, cinn-chinnidh, agus Calum MacLeoid, Glaschu. mar sin sios. Nach bu ghasda na’m b’urrainn .* * * maithean is mithean, daoine de gach inbhe, ard Is eiginn domhsa a bhi ’leantuinn ’nan is iosal, conaltradh a dheanamh agus seanachas 2 AN DEO-GREINE. a chumail ri cheile ann an teanga mhilis, milis agus grinn a’ taisbeanadh. Tha cuid ’nan bhlasda an aithrichean. Nach biodh e chum aineolas a’ cumail a mach gur ann a tha a’ maith na duthcha, chum leas an t-sluaigh air Ghaidhlig a’ cumail air ais na beurla, gu bheil fad. Bhiodh barrachd daimh is cairdeis is i ’na ceap-tuislidh, gu bheil i toirt droch bhlas, adhartais an lorg sin. ma ’s fior, do ’n bheurla, gu’m biodh e mbran na b’ fhasa a’ bheurla ionnsachadh ’san sgoil mur Ar learn gu faic mi sealladh fa mo chomhair biodh a’ Ghaidhlig ’ga cur an cleachdadh idir. air na dh’ fhaodas tachairt. A’ Ghaidhlig a’ Tha iad ag radh gu bheil parantan ann an cuid faotuinn a h-aite fein anns a’ pharlamaid, aims de na h-eileanan a tha ’sa bharail sin. Dh’ an ard-sheanadh, ’san Oil-thigh, ’sna h-Ard- fhaoidte gu bheil parantan ’san Oban ’sa cheart sgoileaji, ’sna sgoilean coitchionn, an luchairt bharail! Tha fhios againne gu bheil barrachd an righ, an caisteal a’ mhoraire, an tigh mor an cumhachd agus comais aig neach aig a bheil da uachdarain no an duine bheartaich, an sebmar chanain. Ma gheibh a’ Ghaidhlig ceartas, ma cnuasachd a’ mhinisteir no an fhoghlumaiche, gheibh an leanabh Gaidhealach cothrom na anns a chuirm-chiiiil, anns an t-sebmar- Feinne, ma bhios a’ Ghaidhlig air a’ teagasg an ghnothuich, ann an gnothuichean follaiseach toiseach mar bu choir dhi bhi, ma bhios a’ agus ann an aoradh an Tighearna. Cha ’n ’eil bheurla air a teagasg tre ’n Ghaidhlig bithidh cainnt fo’n ghrein as freagarraiche agus as an leanabh an da chuid comasach air a’ chanain druightiche na a’ Ghaidhlig airson aoradh a mhathaireil a leughadh agus a sgr-iobhadh agus dheanamh do Dhia, airson smuaintean ard a a litreachas ionnsachadh agus a mhealtuinn, chuir an ceill a thaobh diadhachd no a thaobh agus comasach air a’ bheurla a leughadh gu fheartan Dhe, airson faireachduinnean domhain fileanta agus a tuigsinn gu pongail agus a a’ chridhe a leigeil ris ann am briathraibh, agus bruidhinn le snas. cradh goirt an anma ann an cionta a thaisbean- * * * adh, no creidimh, dbchas, gradh laiste a’ Ann an co-dhunadh, ma tha neach ’sam bith nochdadh. ann ah so an diugh caoin-shuarach, no eadhoin * * * meagh-bhlath, a thoibh aobhar na Gaidhlige no Tha a’ Ghaidhlig airidh air gach urram agus a’ ghluasaid Ghaidhealaich, biodh e air a onoir. Tha cuid ’nan aineolas ’sa bheachd gu bhrosnuchadh chum tuilleadh durachd agus bheil i borb, neo-shnasmhor, neo-mhin, neo- dichioll. Duisgibh ! Duisgibh suas a Ghaidh- fhileanta, ach tha lan fhios againne gur ann a eala ! Builichibh beagan de bhur n-uine, bhur tha i nasal, binn, blasda, birdheirc. Tha cuid n-airgiod, bhur deadh-ghean, bhur misneach ’nan aineolas a’ smuaineachadh gu bheil i na’s air a’ chuis co. Abraibh ris an fheadhainn a dorra a leughadh is a litreachadh na a’ bheurla tha a’ giulan uallaich agus teas an la— Shasunnaich, ach tha fhios againne gur i an Glacaibh misneach, ni sinne comhnadh leibh, dearg bhreug a tha an sin. Tha cuid a smuain- seasaidh sinn ri bhur taobh. A’ chanain sin eachadh ’nan aineolas nach ’eil i freagarrach a dh’ ionnsaich sinn ann an laithean ar n-oige airson malairt is co-cheannachd, ach tha fhios cha treig sinn gu brath gus an luidh sinn fo’n againne gu bheil malairt air a ghiulan air fhoid. A’ chanain sin leis an do shearmonaich aghaidh a h-uile la ann rn ion-.adh cearn de’n Calum Cille soisgeul Chriosd, agus leis an do Ghaidhealtachd agus a cheart cho luath agus a bhuilicheadh air ar cinneach sochairean na theid Faclair Chaluim Mhic Pharlain a chuir Criosdachd, a’ chanain sin anns an do sheinn an clb, agus a thoirt am follais agus a sgaoileadh Mairi Nighean Alasdair Ruaidh, Alasdair Mac am measg an t-sluaigh, leigear fhaicinn gu bheil Mhaighstir Alasdair, Donnachadh Ban, Rob ar canain cho comasach ri canain ’sam bith Donn, Iain Lorn agus Uilleam Ros. Saoil sibh eile airson cunntais no malairt. Tha cuid a an leig sinn leatha a dhol bks. An leig sinn smuaineachadh ’nan aineolas, nach gabh leatha a dhol a dhith? Cha leig. An dean litreachas nan Gaidheal coimeas ri litreachas sinn dearmad oirre? Cha dean. Am bi sinn cinnich eile, ach tha fhios againne, gann fuaraidh ’nar cairdeas? Cha bh’\ An cuir ged dh’ fhaodas a stbras a bhi, gu bheil i sinn an teagamh gu bheil mor-mhath a’ air iomadh doigh a’ ruigsinn airde agus maise sruthadh do na Gaidheil bho’n chanain so? Cha agus a’ nochdadh fheartan agus chomasan nach chuir. ruig a leas rugha gruaidhe a thoirt oimn. Tha cuid a smuaineachadh ’nan aineolas gu robh Mosglaibh! Duisgibh suas ma ra, a brain Ghaidhlig a dh’ uireasbhuidh grinneis chairdean, agus cairibh a’ Ghaidhlig ’na h-aite agus ealain ach tha na h-aineolaich a nise, agus dligheach enorach fein? o cheann greis, air fas fiosrach, glic, modhail „ Cha gheill i do ’n Eabhra, an lath air na tha Am. Mod a’ teagasg agus a’ Do ’n Fhrannymph.” written in letters of gold. What a proud day Despite certain faults, Mr. MacRae “ had mag- this must be to those of them happily still sur- netism and he gave an artistic and most viving to see the small beginnings develop into impressive performance.” The Rev. Coll Mac- a powerful organisation, to see that organisa- donald, B.D., Logierait, was the Gaelic adjudi- tion exercising powerful influence over educa- cator. He said that from the point of view of tion and legislation, to see Gaelic bit by bit, the language the competition was a most satis- slowly and steadily, but surely, obtaining its factory one. place, to see the Gaelic-speaking people them- A delightful reception, or Ceilidh, was given selves, while still in too many quarters this evening by the Oban Committee, and was indifferent or discouraged, gradually coming to largely attended. Many Gaels met old find that their language is worth fostering for acquaintances at this homely function. AN DEO-GREINE. THIRD DAY’S PROCEEDINGS. with 105£ marks, Dundee second with 105, while Oban and Inverness tied for third place Friday. with 102 each. It may be recalled that the Glasgow Choir won the Shield at Stirling in THE CHORAL CONTESTS. 1909, and tied with the Stornoway Choir at Although the struggle for the Gold Medals Inverness in 1912. It was announced that always attracts a large audience, the Choral Mr. J. MacConochie, M.A., Glasgow, gained the Contests on Friday are generally regarded as prize for a four-part arrangement of “ Beinn the outstanding musical events of the Mod. Dobhrain.” The other prescribed songs for The competing choirs were Inverness Gaelic this competition were “ Till, till oigh mo ruin,” Choir (conductor, Mr. Roderick Macleod), Oban “ Hi r’ im bb,” and “ Eilean Muile.” Gaelic Choir (conductor, Mr. John Macdonald), Dundee Gaelic Choir (conductor, Mr. G. Pari rick), Glasgow Gaelic Musical Association (con- ductor, Mr. J. N. MacConochie), Kinlochleven The Grand Concert. Gaelic Choir (conductor, Mr. Kenneth MacRae). The songs prescribed were “ Mairi Bhan 6g ” A Mod of outstanding success closed its pro- and “ Ho ro mo chuid chuideachd thu.” Dun- ceedings on Friday evening by a Grand Con- dee Choir was first here, Oban being second. cert. People poured in from all quarter's to These were restricted to male voices. The enjoy the musical treat that was in store for feature of the afternoon was, according to the them. The Argyllshire Hall was too small to judges, the singing of the ladies’ choirs. These accommodate ticket-holders, and a second choirs, said Mr. Roberton, “ could teach the “ house ” had to be arranged for. This was men something in the art of phrasing and the only drawback at a Mod which many of us rhythm.” He added that in the essential will long remember as a rare treat. The very qualities of musical feeling—that is in the elements seemed to smile on Oban all the time, emotional perception and the capacity for for the weather- was delightful, and everybody emotional expression—he had never heal'd any- was beaming with satisfaction—even the non- thing more beautiful.” The songs prescribed prize-winners ! His Grace the Duke of Argyll, for these choirs were “ Fhir a dh’ ireas am who was accompanied by his sister, Lady bealach ” and “ Cagaran Gaolach.” Elspeth Campbell, presided. The Highland The winner's were the Oban Choir, Inverness dress was well in evidence. The lady being a close second. Mr. Roberton, referring choristers were prettily attired, and the whole to the Oban Choir, said that they showed a fine scene presented a brilliant spectacle. flowing tone, and the expression was all nicely The Duke of Argyll, who spoke at each of woven in, not an artificial thing, but growing, the concerts, expressed his gratification that so to speak, out of the pattern. The chording the Oban Mod had been such a wonderful suc- was dead true. “ This choir had not the cess. The object of the Mod was to maintain glamour of No. 2 (Inverness), but it was musi- the old tongue. Gaelic was the prevailing cally sounder.” The Inverness Choir was language in Scotland ages ago, and it was still splendidly squipped vocally, but there was a spoken, he was glad to say, by many of the failure in the flow of tone. With good part inhabitants of the Highlands and Islands. A music, the Inverness Choir would be tip-top.” great many of the songs printed in Gaelic music Mi- Roberton had also complimentary things to books were the old shieling songs which were say of Glasgow and Dundee. sung by the Highland people in the old days, The biirgesl choral event of the day was the when they inhabited those strange little houses contest for the Lovat and Tullibardine Shield. on the hillsides. Years ago he was interested All the five choirs entered. Tbe test song was to observe such shielings in Switzerland, arrd “ Tog orm mo phiob.” The arrangement of that enabled him to realise how it must have this song by Mr. Julian Nesbitt, Oban, is been at one time in the Highlands. His visit described as a searching piece of work. The was in the summer-time, and he saw the cows atmosphere of grief created in the model har- being taken up to the hills for grazing. He mony of rhe opening is at once arresting. was struck by the fact that the Swiss peasants What renders the song weird and thrilling is sang several songs to the shieling songs of the the soft superstructure of the other parts as Highlands. He hoped that Oban would see now arranged. On the musical side Dundee many future Mods, brrt he thought it right that was first, Glasgow, Inverness, Oban, and Kin- other places should have the benefit of the lochleven following in the order named. But Mod’s influence. In such cities as- Glasgow when the Gaelic marks were added to the there was an Enormous number of Highlanders music marks, the order became Glasgow first congregated. Many of these could not get to £N DEO-GREINE. Oban to attend such gatherings, and it was forte accompaniments, often difficult, elusive, desirable that they should have opportunities and obscure, were wonderfully handled by Mr. of hearing the old songs in the cities to which Julian Nesbitt. they had gone. The Programme. During an interval in the programme of the The programme was one of exceptional second concert, the Lovat and Tullibardine interest. After the National Anthem had Shield and other leading prizes were presented been sung in Gaelic, the concert appropriately by Lady Elspeth Campbell. opened with bagpipe selections skilfully per- formed by the Argyll Mountain Battery Pipe A very successful dance, arranged for by the Band, and with the rallying song of the Oban Committee, was held in the Argyllshire Comunn, “ Suas leis a’ Ghaidhlig,” joined in by Gathering Hall on Friday evening. the whole audience. Thoroughly satisfying performances were given by Miss MacAskill and The annual meeting was held on Saturday Mr. Kenneth MacRae, the Oban Mod gold morning, when the Executive Council was medallists, and by Miss Flora M'Neill, the gold elected. A report of the proceedings will medallist of last year’s Mod. A charming appear in dur next issue. item was provided by Miss Margaret Macpher- son and Miss Flora MacLean, the winners of the duet competition. Miss Myrtle Campbell, THE PRIZE LIST. who divided the first prize for Oran Mor sing- ing with Miss J. M. B. Currie, gave a delightful inte‘. retation of the prize song, while Miss JUNIOR SECTION. Currie, as a first-prize winner in instrumental music, contributed a skilfully-played selection LITERATURE. on the pianoforte. A fine example of quartette Letter on a simple subject chosen from a list singing was given by the first prize quartette. sent under sealed cover, to be opened by the An excellent impression was created by Mr. Local Examiner after places have been taken Neil MacLean, Oban, the winner of the Oban foi the competition. Prizes—1st, 10s: 2nd, and Lorn Commemoration Medal. Mr. 1, Book.John MacDonald, Broadford; 2, Miss Roderick MacLeod, Inverness, who is still the Angusina MacMillan, Dervaig; 3, J. MacLean, prince of Gaelic singers, Aroused his audience Broadford; 4, Archie MacMillan, do.; 5, Miss to a high pitch of enthusiasm by his solo work. Margaret Campbell, do.; 6, Miss Louisa Mac- Combined with a thorough knowledge of Gaelic, Leod, do. Mr MacLeod possesses a fine musical tempera- Writingof Prose, from slowly Dictation read byof thean unfamiliarTeacher or Pieceother ment. He has also that rare quality in a competent person. Prizes—1st, 10s; 2nd, singer, personal magnetism, and he is a master 7s 6d; 3rd, 5s; 4th, 2s 6d; 5th, a Book. of interpretation. His principal contributions 1, John MacDonald, Broadford; 2, Miss were “ Oran an bSamhraidh ” (E. MacLachlan) T.Angusina MacMillan, MacMillan, do.; 4, MissDervaig; Margaret 3, Miss Campbell, Helen and “ La Blar lonar Lochaidh ” (Iain Lorn). Broadford; 5, J. MacLean, do. Another feature of the performance was the Reproduction in Writing of an unfamiliar Piece singing of “ Tog orm mo Phiob,” the test song, of Prose, to be read three times in the hear- by the combined choirs. Led by their respec- ing of the competitors. Prizes—1st, 10s; tive conductors, the Dundee Male Voice Choir, 2nd, 7s 6d; 3rd, 5s; 4th, 2s 6d; 5th, a Book. the Oban Ladies’ Choir, and the full Glasgow Lean,1, John do.; MacDonald,3, Archie MacMillan, Broadford; do.; 2, J.4, Mac-Miss Choir, who secured the Lovat and Tullibardine Mima Matheson, do.; 5, Miss Effie Robertson, do. Shield, all gave most effective performances. Translation from Gaelic into English of 20 verses The combined choirs, under the direction of from ii. Samuel, chapters 14 to 24; and from Mr. MacConochie, sang, " Till, till oigh mo English into Gaelic of 10 verses from St. ruin ” with fine spirit. By general request, toLuke’s be translated Gospel, chapters will be 13printed to 24. andThe sent verses in Mi-. Roberton afterwards conducted the choirs a sealed cover which must not be opened in this piece, and under his magnetic per- until places are taken for the competition. sonality the music was sung in a manner which Prizes—1st, £1 and “Caraid nan Gaidheal” ; inspired the audience. A memorable concert 1, 2nd,Miss 10sHelen and T. “ MacMillan,Caraid nan Dervaig;Gaidhea.” 2, John was brought to a close, the audience upstand- MacDonald, Broadford. ing, by a recital of the old Psalm tune, “ French,” by the combined choirs, Mr. SPECIAL PRIZES FOR TEACHERS. Roderick MacLeod acting as precentor. The (a) A First, Second, and Third Prize of £3, £2, recital had a grandeur of treatment which and £1 respectively will be given to the greatly impressed the audience. The piano- averageTeachers of whosemarks. Pupils win the highest 10 AN DEO-GREINE. 1, Angus MacMillan, Dexvaig; 2, John Mac- Solo Singing of a Song. Boys. Prizes—1st, HighPherson, School. Bi-oadford; 3, Miss MacQueen, Oban 15s; 2nd, 10s; 3rd, 5s. Livingstone,1, Don. MacCallum,Oban. Campbeltown; 2, D. (b) Aand First, £1 Second,respectively and Thirdwill bePrize given of £3,to £2,the Teachers whose Pupils win the highest aggi’e- SoloPrizes—1st, Singing of £1. a Song. Boys and Girls. Stewart,gate marks. Simla, Prizes India. in (b) presented by Mrs. 1, Miss Mary Colquhoun, Glasgow. Queen,1, John Oban MacPherson, High School; Broadford; 3, Angus 2, MacMillan, Miss Mac- Soloani Singing Gilds, ofconfined a Song toby competitorsGaelic-speaking not Boysover Dexvaig. 7stwelve 6d; 3rd,years 5s. of age.Presented Prizes—1st, by Oban 10s; Branch 2nd, ORAL DELIVERY. of An Comunn. Reading with expression a Piece of Prose or MacPherson,1, Miss Peggy Killin; Maclnnes, 3, Miss Oban; M. MacPherson, 2, Miss C. £1;Poetry, 2nd, by10s; Native 3rd, 5s Speakers.; 4th, 2s 6d ; 5th,Prizes—1st, a Book. Killin. 1, Miss H. Macdonald, Oban; 2, Miss C. Mac- Solo Singing of a Song, confined to learners of Gillivray,John MacDougall,Oban; 3, Miss Oban; A. MacLellan, 5, Donald Oban;Jackson, 4, Gaelicand Girls. not overPidzes—1st, twelve years 10s; of 2nd, age. 7s Boys6d; Oban. 3i'd,An Comunn.5s. Presented by the Oban Branch of Reading2nd, 10s;a Piece 3rd, 5s;of 4th,Px-ose. 2s 6d;Prizes—1st, 5th, a Book. £1; 1, Miss Alexa MacIntyre, Killin; 2, Miss 1, Miss A. MacLellan, Oban; 2, Miss H. Mac- Edith MacCulloch, Oban. Donald, Oban; 3, Miss M. MacPherson, Killin; Solo Singing of a Song. Girls. Prizes—1st, son,4, Thomas Killin. Kirsop, Oban; 5, Miss C. MacPher- 2nd,£1 and 10s; the 3i'd, Silver 5s. Medal of An Comunn; Reading at Sight an unfamiliar Prose Piece, MacPhail,1, Miss IsabelLuing; Gillies, 3, Miss Taynuilt; A. MacCorquodale, 2, Miss Janet 2nd,chosen 7s 6d;by 3rd,the 5s;Judges. 4th, 2s Prizes—1st,6d; 5th, a Book. 10s; Oban. 1, Miss MacDonald, Oban; 2, John Mac- Sotoand Singing the Silverof a Song. Medal Boys.of An Pidzes—1st,Comunn; 2nd, £1 MissDougall, S. MacKinnon,Oban; 3, Donald Oban; Jackson, 5, Miss Oban;A. Mae- 4, 10s; 3rd, 5s. Kenzie, Oban. 1, Alex. MacMaster, Oban; 2, Archie MacColl, Reciting fiom Memory “ The Relief of Luck- Oban; 3, Willie MacDonald, Glasgow. now,” translated by Angus Robertson. Duet Singing of a Song. Prizes—1st, £1; 2nd, FolkPrizes—1st, Tales”; 15s 2nd, and 10sa copy and of a “copy M'Dougall’s of the 10s. same book ; 3rd, a copy of “ M'Dougall’s Folk Carmichael,1, Miss A. Oban.MacCorquodale, Oban, and Miss Tales ” ; 4th and 5th, special prize of 5s each. Duet Singing of a Song. Prizes—1st, £1; 2nd, School);1, Miss 2, S.Donald Kennedy, Jackson, Duror Oban; (Oban 3, Miss High H. 10s. Oban;MacDonald, 5, Miss Oban;S. MacKinnon, 4th, Miss Oban. A. MacLellan, Nancy1, Miss MacDonald, Lizzie MacGregor, Oban Oban, and Miss Narrative based on some local interest, tradition Choral Singing of a Song, with or without 2sor 6d.legend. Prizse—1st, 10s; 2nd, 5s; -ird, chorus,£5 and ain batontwo-paxt to the harmony. Conductor; Prizes—1st, 2nd, £3. 1, Miss H. MacDonald, Oban; 2, Miss Susan MacKinnon, Oban; 3, Donald Jackson, Oban Junior1, Oban Choir. High Schqol Choir; 2, Abriachan For Excellence in Gaelic Conversation tor Boy„ and Girls. Prizes—1st, 12s 6d ; 2x.d, 7s dd. UnisonThe SingingSongs prescribed Competition ai'e for “ JuniorMoch Di-luain Choii's. 1, Miss A. MacLellan, Oban; 2, Miss' Sarah ghabh i ’n cuan,” “ Dh’ eirich mi moch Kennedy, Duror (Oban High Schooi>. Maduinn“ Chi mi nacheothar,” Moi'-blieanna.” “ Do ’n chuthaig,”The Songs Nos.and VOCAL MUSIC. 1, 2, and 4 to be sung in the traditional Traditional Singing of a Gaelic Song. No solomanner—i.e., part. Px-izes—1st, the verse £3;to be2nd, x-endered £2. as a 10sinstrument ; 2nd, 6s ; accompaniment.3rd, 4s. Prizes—1st, 1, Abriachan Junior Choir; 2, Rockfield 1, Miss A. MacCorquodale, Oban ; 2, Miss Isabel School Oban, Gaelic Choir. traive.Gillies, Taynuilt; 3, Alasdair Baxter, Colin- Choral Singing of a Song, with or without chorus,£5, retention in two-part for a harmony.year of thePrizes—1st, “ Oban Solo15s; Singing 2nd, 10sof ;a 3rd,Song. 5s. Girls. Prizes—1st, Times” Challenge Trophy, and a Baton to 1, Miss M. M. Colquhoun, Glasgow; 2, Miss the Conductor; 2nd, £3. Campbell,Kate MacPherson, Oban. Tyndrum; 3, Miss Dolina Public1, Oban School High Junior School Choir. Senior Choir; 2, Taynuilt AN DEO-GREINE. 11 SENIOR SECTION. ealach.” Prizes—1st, £2; 2nd, £1 10s; 3rd, LITERATURE. India.£1. Presented by Mrs. Stewart, Simla, Poem,Prizes—1st, not exceeding £3; 2nd,50 lines, Copy on of any“The subject. Mac- 1, Miss K. MacNaughton, Killin; 2, Miss C. Donald Collection of Gaelic Poetry.” Killin.Campbell, Killin; 3, Miss B. MacWilliam, 1, Malcolm MacRae, Glasgow; 2, Alex. Best prepared Gaelic Speech. Prizes—1st, £2; Murray,Stewart, Foyers,Glenlyon; and 3, John special Martin, (equal), Glasgow. Murdo 2nd, £1. Essay on “ The Achievement of the Highland Petty.1, Mrs. Coutts, Glasgow; 2, Win. Cameron, JohnRegiments MacCormick, in the Glasgow.Great War.” Prize—£5. Best Acted Dialogue between Two Performers. Three Short Stories not exceeding 500 words in The words may be selected from any pub- each. Prizes—1st, £5 5s (presented by the lishedposed. GaelicNot Work,to exceed or may fifteen be specially minutes com- in 1, AthollJohn BranchMacCormick, of An Comunn);Glasgow; 2nd2, Rev.£2. D. delivery. Prizes—-1st, £5 5s; 2nd, £3 3s; M'Callum, Lochs. High3rd, £2.School First Gaelic Prize Class presented Ceilidh. by Glasgow EssayHighlands on “ The viewed Industrial from Developmentthe Material, ofSocial, the 1, Mrs. Coutts (Glasgow) and John M. Banner- and Moral Standpoint.” Prize presented andman Peter(Glasgow); Fletcher 2, Miss(Oban). Nellie Cameron (Oban) Hectorby Ceilidh M'Dougall, nan Gaidheal, Glasgow. Glasgow. Gaelic Story, extending to 2,000 words or more. VOCAL MUSIC. The tale may be based on actual historical Solo Singing of a Song. Female voices. Confined Johnincidents M'Cormick, or local Glasgow. legends. Prize—£5. to Members of An Comunn Gaidhealach, its A Short Gaelic Play for Children. Time not to Branches1st, £2; 2nd,and Affiliated£1. Former Societies. gold medallistsPrizes— Hectoroccupy M'Dougall, more than Glasgow.20 minutes. Prize—£2. and first-prize winners for singing excluded. Gaelic Humorous Dialogue. Prize—£2. MacCaskill,1, Miss Rhoda Kinlochleven. MacLeod, Inverness; 2, Miss C. Kenneth Macdonald, Contin. Solo Singing of a Song. Male Voices. Con- Bestthe Poem Great describing War. Prize—£3.some deed of Heroism in fined to Members of An Comunn Gaidh- Kenneth Macdonald, Contin. Prizes—1st,ealach, its Branches, £2; 2nd, and £1.Affiliated Former Societies. gold Originalstudy Shortof Gaelic Essays and on the the benefits promotion of a ofknow- the ingmedallists excluded. and first-prize winners for sing- ledge of the language. Prizes—1st, £5; 1, Neil MacLean, Oban; 2, Calum Stewart, 2nd,Stewart, £3; Simla,3rd, £1.India. Presented by Mrs. Hyndland. 1, Hector M'Dougall, Glasgow; 2, James Thom- For songsthe best by renderingthe late Henryof any Whyte,one of six“ Fionn,”selected Stornoway.son, Stornoway; 3, Miss Catherine MacLeod, “ A’ mhaighdean aluinn,” “ An cluinn thu An Original Gaelic Hymn to an original air of leabaidhmi mo nighean bais,” donn,” “ Caisteal “ An a’Gaidheal, Ghlinne,” air Rev.Celtic D. character.MacCallum, Lochs.Prize—£2. “ Dhealaich mise nochd ri m’ leannan,” and Senior Winner of the Gold Pendant given to the by“ Mo Miss Ghille A. C. Dubh.” Whyte, Glenetive.Prize, £2. Presented mostLiterary distinguished Competitions. prize-winner in the 1, Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford. Hector MacDougall, Glasgow. A competition“ Puirt a-Beul.” for Seniors The inwords Solo and Singing musb ofto Recitationmemorised of bya competitor.Piece of DramaticPrizes—1st, Poetry, £1; be sung must be submitted to the Secretary 2nd, 10s. Open to all. onselect entry, sets forof tunesapproval. that areCompetitors adapted to should vocal Oban.1. Mrs. Coutts, Glasgow; 2, Archd Munn, rendering, and words that are unobjection- Reading of an unfamiliar Piece of Prose chosen Twoable tunes from be the to bepoint professed of eiew by ofeach good competi- taste. byOpen the to Judges. all. Prizes—1st, £1; 2nd, 10s. publishedtor, one of tunes which see must Dr. be K. unpublished. N. MacDonald’s For 1, Miss Nellie Cameron, Oban; 2, Miss B. 10s;collection 2nd, 15s;of Puirt-a-Beul.3rd, 10s. Prizes—1st, £1 MacWilliam, Killin. 1, Alex. Cameron, Glasgow; 2, Miss J. M. B. Ancientrated Folk in traditional Tale, preferably style. unpublished—nar-Prizes—1st, £3; Currie, Ford; 3, Mrs. C. MacPherson, Glasgow. 2nd, £2; 3rd, £1. Solo Singing of a Gaelic Song connected with Munn,1, Malcolm Oban; MacIntyre,3, John Stewart, Colonsay; Morenish. 2, Arohd. Augustus,the Lochness-side Glenurquhart, district (Stratherrick,etc.), to be known Fort- Reading of a Piece of Gaelic Prose by a native Open.as the “ Prizes-—1st,James Grant £2 10s;Memorial 2nd, ”£1 Prize. 10s; Normanof Perthshire, MacLeod’s preferably “ Teachdairean extract fromGaidh- Dr. 3rd, £1. l: AN DEO-GREINE. 1, John B. Munro, Inverness; 2, Miss Jenny 1, Miss Catherine MacAskill, Kinloehleven; M.Glasgow. B. Currie, Ford; 3, Miss Bessie Campbell, Miss C. Campbell, Ardrossan; 3, Miss Myrtle CurrieCampbell (Foi'd), (Clydebank) equal. and Miss Jenny M. B. Soloof Singing which oxmust a Mull not orhave Iona beenSong, previouslythe words Solo Singing of a Song. Male voices. Prizes— music)published. must Abe copysent ofto thethe songSecretary (words when and 2nd,1st, £1£2; and 3rd, the £1. Gold Medal of the Comunn ; entering.Prizes presented Prizes—1st, by the £2 Mull2s; 2nd,and £1Iona Is. Stewart,1, Ken. Hyndland; J. MacRae, 3, Alex.Kinlochleven; Cameron, 2,Glasgow. Calum 1, Association.Miss Jenny M. B. Currie, Ford; 2, Malcolm Solo Singing of a Song. Female voices. Open MacIntyre, Colonsay. first-prizeonly to former winners Mod for Goldsinging. Medallists, Prize, and£3. Solo Singing of a Song. Female voices. Con- Miss C. Campbell, Ardi’ossan. fined to learners of Gaelic. Prize, £2. Soloonly Singing to former of a ModSong. Gold Male Medallists voices. and Openfirst- 1, PresentedMiss Mary by MacCallum, Miss Myra Oban.Norman, Glasgow. prize winnex-s for singing. Prize, £3. Solo Singing of a Song. Male voices. Con- Ken. J. MacRae, Kinlochleven. fined to learners of Gaelic. Prize, £2. Pre- Duet2nd, Singing £1. of a Song. Prizes—1st,7 £2 ; 1, sentedNorman by MacKinnon,Miss Myra Oban.Norman, Glasgow. 1, Miss M. B. MacPherson (Glasgow) and Miss Solo Singing of a Lochaber Song in the tradi- Flora MacLean (Glasgow); 2, Miss Jean tional manner, without accompaniment Cameron(Kinlochleven). (Fort-William) and Ken. J. MacRae MissPrizes—1st, Juliet Macdonald,£2; 2nd, £1.Lochaber. Presented by Quartette Singing of a Song. Mixed voices. 1, Miss Jenny M. B. Currie (Ford) and Miss (S.A.T.B.) Competitox-s to prepare two J, Cameron (Fort-William), equal. whichsongs ofthey their may own be askedchoice, to either sing. or Prizes—both of Gaelic Folk Songs—For the best rendering of 1st, £2; 2nd, £1. two unpublished Gaelic Folk-Song Airs. tette,1, “ No.G.G.” 1. Quartette, No. 2; 2, “ G.G.” Quar- shouldThe sources be fromclearly which stated. the melodiesNo pianoforte are got Choral Singing of a Song, with or without accompaniment allowed in this competition. voicesChorus, only. in three-partThe two songsharmony. prescribed Male are 1, Prizes—1st,Miss J. M. £110s;B. Currie, 2nd, Ford; 10s. 2, Malcolm “ Mairi bhan og,” Mod Song Book, p. 38, MacIntyre, Colonsay. beand specially “ Ho-ro arranged.mo chuid Pi’ize,chuideachd £5. Athu,” second to Obantion and Medal Lorn (open), Association for the War best Commrendering nn. 'a-of prize of £3 will be given if three or more a Song composed by a Lorn Bard. Prizes—- 1, choirsDundee compete. Gaelic Musical Male Voice Choir; sented1st, Gold by theBadge Glasgow and £1;Oban 2nd, and £2Lorn Asso-;l'xe- 2, Oban Male Voice Choir. ciation.) PlayingReel, ofon a theHighland Pianoforte. March, Prizes—1st,Strathspey, and£2 ; Ardrossan.1 Neil MacLean, Oban; 2, Miss C. Campbell, 2nd, £1; 3rd, 10s. This competition is con- Solo Singing of an Oran-mor selected by the 1, finedMiss strictlyJenny M.to B.amateurs. Currie, Fox-d; 2, Miss M. Dubhcompetitor Ghleannach,” from the following“ Luinneag list—-' Mhic ‘ An D. MacDonald, Inverness. Leoid,” and “ Oran do Mhorair Ghlinn PlayingReel ofon Gaelicthe Violin. Song, ConfinedAir, Strathspey, to amateurs and 1 andUrchaidh. 2, equal—Miss Prizes—1st Myrtle £2 ;Campbell 2nd, £1. (Clyde- Prizes—1st, £2; 2nd, £1; 3rd, 10s. bank) and Miss Jenny M. B. Currie (Ford). MacDonald,1, Miss Jeanie Glasgow; M. Campbell, 3, Iain MacLeod, Oban; 2, Oban.Archd. SoloConfined Singing toof anfemale unpublished voices. ArgyllshirePrizes—1st, Song. £2 ; Choral Singing of a Song, with or without 2nd, £1. Presented by Mr. John MacLean, voicesChorus, only. in three-partPrize, £5. harmony.A second px-izeFemale of 1 Calcutta.and 2, equal—Miss Myrtle Campbell (Clyde- £3 will be given if three or more choirs bank) and Miss Jenny M. B. Currie (Ford). 1, compete.Oban Ladies’ Choir; 2, Inverness Ladies’ For Kennedythe Best Fraser’sRendering book, of a“ SongsSong offrom the Heb-Mrs. Choir. i-ides.” Male and female voices. The Choralchorus, Singing in four-part of a Song, harmony. with or Prizes—1,without Judgeseither ofwill the call songs—“upon the Benbeculacompetitors Bridal” to sing £15, retention for one year of the Lovat and or “ Mingulay Sea Rapture.” Prizes—1st, ChoirTullibardine Conductor Trophy, ; 2, £10 and ; 3, £5.a Baton to the Selected“ Songs Albumof the fromHebrides,” Vol. ii. Vol.(presented ii.; 2nd, by I, Glasgow Gaelic Musical Association ; 2, Dun- Mrs. Kennedy Fraser). deeGaelic Gaelic Choir Musicaland Oban Association; Gaelic Choir 3, (equal).Inverness Jenny1, Miss M. M.B. Currie,Campbell, Foi-d. Clydebank; 2, Miss For the best arrangement in four-part harmony Solo Singing of a Song. Female voices. of the Melody, “ Moladh Beinn Dohhrain.” - Open to professionals. Prize, £2. Comunn;Pi-izes—1st, 2nd, £1 £2;and 3ithed, £1.Gold Medal of the J. N. Maconachie, M.A., Glasgow. AN DEO-GREINE. 13 “FEASGAR ’S A’ GHLEANN.” Tha mise learn fhin gun aon ni agam. Mo chairdean uile air triall, Air fonn—“ Mairi bhdn dg.” Gun airgiod gun or ’s mi breoite falamh, ’S mi tamh’s a’ bhothan sin shios; Ach thoir dhomh mo phiob—an cebl a chuireas, A’ cheud Duais aig Mod an Obain (1920), Air fbgradh mulad is brbn, Le Calum MacRath. No bran math Gaidhlig, canain milis Mo mhath ’r tha nise fo ’n fhbd. Feasgar an de ’s mi dol ceum troimh ’n ghleannan, [The author of this beautiful little poem is a Gu leir bha ’n sealladh dhomh iir. Skyeman. The adjudicator points out that S e mais’ agns ailleachd ’s blath nam bealach, “ na bruthach ” is wrong, but the word is Gun dail a tharruing mo shiiil. feminine in Skye. “ Fiamh nam beannachd,” Bha ’m fiar is an sliabh air fiamh nam which he says is “ obscure or meaningless,” is beannachd, easily understood in Eilean a’ Cheb.—Ed.] Gach maoth-lus mheata ri fas ; Ath-nuadhachd thimeil ris air tighinn, \S gach ni air tilleadh gu ’ghnaths. MUSIC A LA MOD. Bha raointean a’ chomhnaird bdidheach AN ADJUDICATOR’S VIEWS. maiseach, It was a thrilling experience, not that at all Le nebinean bhilleagach lan ; points it reached high-water mark, but that it Gach lagan is bruach mu ’n cuairt do’n doire, reached a decidedly high level of musical com- Le snuadh a b’ eireachdail blath. petence, and, what is of more value, revealed Bha tobraichean fior-uisg’, priseil fallain, a depth of feeling and a capacity for emotional Ri taomadh thairis ’s iad lan, expression which came upon me in the nature Bheireadh neart dhuit is cail gun dail is of a surprise. We Lowlanders are apt to think spionnadh, that the rich vein of sentiment in the Gael is A thionndadh tinneas gu slaint’. a thing of the past, a thing surrendered to sophisticated life and to the desire to “ get on.” Mu’n coinneamh bha ’bheinn a b’ aoibhneach The Mod of 1920 proves that it is there, the sealladh, rich alluvial soil of deep and tender unction. ’S an ceb ri falach a barr; Who can ever forget the singing of some of the Le cas-chreagan Hath is fiadh ’s an fhasgadh, ladies’ choirs, of many of the soloists, of the ’S an t-ian ri faire ’chuid ail. children? Even a choir like Kinlochleven, A’ chuthag a’ seinn cho binn ’s an iuchar. only formed two months ago, climbed in that Bu chaomh learn luinneag a beil; time into something like an expressive Smebrach air chrann fo bhonn na bruthach, organism. All this “ character ” is worth tend- Le ’cbmhradh subhachail fein. ing and developing. To give the Gael a pride in this old culture is to resurrect the finest of ’N uair dhirich mi suas ri gual’ na beinne, the past and to turn it to the highest use of the Bha ’n cuan an sealladh mo shiil. present. To dwell on individual performances Chuala mi ’n cebl thug solus cridhe, would be vain. The great central truth is ’S a bhebthaich m’ aigne gu simnd ; that through the Mod the Gael is discovering Inneal-ciuil na h-Alb’, ceol-airm nan gaisgeach, himself. With a few years of careful and tact- Bha ainmeil againn bho thus, ful guidance, these choirs should be among the Cha d’ fhairich mi riamh cluich-mhiar bu very finest in the country. I cannot exaggerate ghrinne, the thrill the whole thing gave me. It makes Gu taladh m’ aire le miiirn. one’s faith in humanity firmer and more hope- ful that so much’ beauty is in the hearts of the So agad an t-aite dh’ araich mise, people, and that they are quickly discovering ’N uair bha mi lag agus bg. the means whereby it may be given out to So far ’n robh mo shinnsear linntean romham, enrich this rather material world of ours. Gun ghaoid, sun ghainne ’n an Ion. Chaidh ’m fuadach a null gu duthchan coimheach— Cha tig o’n mhuic ach uircein. An sluagh bha ceanalta cbir. Bu dual tbchd an ime a bhi air a’ bhlathaich. Tha cbinneach a’ fas an ait’ an teine, Ma bhitheas aon chron ’san eblach bithidh Is fraoch air iomair an eorn’. dha-dheug ’san aineblach. 14 AN DEO-GREINE. A JUDGE’S IMPRESSIONS forty-nine years of age. It was started by himself on 4th September, 1871, so that in another year it would be fifty years of age. HIGH STANDARD OF SINGING. During that time he thought it could claim to have done very good work. From the very Interviewed as to his impression of the Mod, outset it had agitated for Gaelic in schools, but Mr. Roberton, one of the judges, said the the great work it had accomplished was the standard of singing was on the whole very good. publication of a large number of volumes of In some classes it was quite excellent, notably Transactions containing history, legend, song in the class for female voice choirs, where the and story which would have been lost but for singing had an emotional depth and intensity the collectors who had sent them in for print- as fine as anything he had ever heard in that ing. These Transactions formed a valuable way, and this despite of technique which was library of ancient Gaelic lore. He was sorry not at all points of the first class. One felt in An Comunn was not in session, but he asked listening to that singing that there was a great the President, Mr. Macdonald, to say a few future for the Mod, and it only required words. development along educational lines to bring Mr. Alex. Macdonald said, as representing the Gaelic people, despite the geographical the local branch of An Comunn, he had very barriers by which sea, mountain, and loch great pleasure in extending to the teachers and divided them, into line musically with their other friends the heartiest Highland welcome brother Gaels in Wales. Much of the solo to the Capital of the Highlands. It was a singing was on a really high level, and the gold great pleasure to have them in their midst, and medallists, male and female respectively, were it was interesting to see so many who knew fine artists. The children, too, were promis- and could teach the Gaelic language. It was ing, and here much might be done through dis- an excellent sign of the times. He had no trict Mods, not only to improve the standard of doubt the acquaintance they were making with singing, but actually to improve the use of the each other would bear good fruit, and that they Gaelic tongue itself. A very notable feature, would carry with them pleasant memories of and one not generally associated with Gaelic their visit to Inverness. They did not know enterprises, was the fine sporting spirit of the how difficult it was sometimes to keep the flag people. They took decisions and criticisms flying in the Capital of the Highlands. There in the best way, and some of the most severely were two aspects which appealed to him in con- criticised had thanked him for the criticisms. nection with the present gathering. One was With the development of a spirit of this kind, the sentimental one and the other the more the Mod had a great future before it. serious, practical one. He could clearly see that the Gaelic movement was taking on serious dimensions. The foundation had been well THE VACATION GAELIC CLASSES laid. They had passed out of the wilder- ness into the plains, and were going to cultivate Teachers Entertaiued by the Gaelic Society of a closer acquaintance with the language and its Inverness and An Comunn. practical application to the culture of the High- lands. It meant the resuscitation and per- The teachers attending the Vacation Gaelic petuation of the Gaelic language, its literature Classes in Inverness in August were the guests and music, and everything connected with it. in the Caledonian Hotel of the Gaelic Society of Mr. John Macdonald, of the Gaelic Society, Inverness and the local branch of An Comunn Vancouver, B.C., also addressed the gathering Gaidhealach. There was a large and happy and told them that the Vancouver Gaelic gathering. The guests were received by Di. Society had a membership of 500, mostly Wm. Mackay and Mrs. Mackay, Craigmore, re- belonging to the Outer Hebrides, and met all presenting the Gaelic Society, aid by Mr. A'ex. the year round—once a month in summer and Macdonald and Mrs. Macdonald, representing twice a month in winter. One of their most An Comunn Gaidhealach. energetic and useful members was a brother of In the course of the evening Dr. Mackay Mr. Rod. Macleod. They had a benevolent extended a hearty welcome to all on behalf bf branch in connection with the Society, which the Gaelic Society. He was delighted to find did good work. It gave him great pleasure to so many present, especially from the Outer be present. Hebrides, where they spoke beautiful Gaelic A most enjoyable programme of music was and sang beautiful songs. The Gaelic Soc'ety, gone through under the personal direction of as some of them might be aware, was now Mr. Rod. Macleod. AN DEO-GREINE. 15 is true that the boundaries of Ulster and other THE LATE COLONEL H BURNLEY inhabitantsIrish provinces chose wereto work shifted overtime as often with assword the CAMPBELL. andabundantly shillelah, clear but that theup tillold 300 Sagas A.D., makeby which it We regret to announce the death of Colonel time the B’enian Volunteers of Kildare were dis- | H. Burnley Campbell, which took place in the banded and outlawed, the rule of the Kings of ; end of August while he was shooting over the Dundalk.Leinster had not extended so far north as j covers of Knockdow Castle. The late Colonel The associations of the Feinne in the third had a long and honourable military career. century with Tara and Dundalk are familiar to He served in the Afghan War of 1879-80 under Fenian tradition, but the theory of their cross- Lord Roberts, and accompanied him on the Dhealgaining over from(about the 574 Bog A.D.) of Allenis new to toEilean me. daI famous march from Cabul to Kandahar. On cannot conceive with what transports the Feinne retiring from the Army, he settled down at of Kildare descended on so remote an islet, whose Ormidale in Glendaruel, and took considerable beauties are neither impressive nor truly rural. 5 interest in the administrative work of the FionnOssian neverhas nothad thefeatured transports. its attractions and i County of Argyll, holding several public offices. Should your contributor unearth any manu- All along he showed warm interest in the Volun- scripts of ancient Fenian prose or verse where teers, and later in the Territorials. His mili- this name, Eilean da Dhealgain occurs, they will 1 tary experience enabled him to perform valu- laim an interest far beyond that which a able service for his country during the great Skene’svanished laboured generation theories.—Is, used to mise,attach gu todileas, Dr. war. Some years ago he performed the W. J. EDMONDSTON SCOTT, M.A., D.Litt. ; unusual feat of going round the world in about forty days—a feat which the press of Scotland REVIEW. | and England took notice of. Colonel Burnley Campbell, who was 76 years of age, is survived GUTH NA BLIADHNA. 1/6. Maclaren & by Mrs. Burnley Campbell, an enthusiastic Sons, Argyle Street, Glasgow. member of An Comunn Gaidhealach, also by a This Gaelic quarterly, like previous issues, son, and a daughter (Mrs. Warrand), who is n.aii.tains its reputation as a well-written maga- married to Major Warrand of the Seaforth whichzine. itIt wasnever founded. loses sightThat of objectthe object is, in forits Highlanders. His younger son was killed in own words, “ Raitheachan a tha coisrigte do the late war. shaorsa na h-Albann, agus do na h-uile ceist eile The funeral, which took place from the old a tha an crochadh ris a’ chuspair sin.” The parish kirk of Kilmodan to the family burying- interesting.contents of the“ Analaidheanpresent number nan areraidhean varied ” andare ground in Ormidale, was attended by a large always pithy and critical. An article on number of the notables of Argyllshire. The “ Craobh-Sgaoileadh ” is from the pen of A. M. late Colonel was a life member of An Comunn E., whose reputation as a fine Gaelic writer is Gaidhealach. We tender our sincere sympathy now established. “Good wine needs no bush,” to Mrs. Burnley Campbell and her family in areand Mr.still Henderson’sgreen. Long laurels may in thatthe Gaeliccontinue. field I their bereavement. “ Beannachadh Moire” is a rendering into modernIrish poetry. Gaelic Itfrom is by Meyer’s D. M. N.book C. (Mr.of ancientDonald LETTER TO THE EDITOR. Sinclair), another most capable writer of idiomaticis “ A’ Chanain Gaelic. NaiseantaAn article agus of Broadmuch interestScots,” EILEAN D\ DHEALGAIN. and is contributed by Arthur Kinloch. Mr. Sir,—If the Rev. Mr. Macdonald refers again Iainan t-Samhraidh.” Martainn writes The readable story versesof “ Fionnag on “ Failte an |* toSagas his selections(“ Bas fromChonlaoich the Cuchullin ” and and“ FenianLaoidh Fhasaich,” by John MacCormaig, is concluded | Osgair”), he will discover that Eilean da in''v thisthe Editornumber. himself, The otherare pointed articles, and contributed thought- |) tioned.Dhealgain, The Dalgon reading or ofDelgin the textsis never is “ men-Dim ful. The “ Guth ” deserves attention from all Dealgain ” (Dundalk), which was an Ulster city mostGaels, of if the only contributions. for the excellence of its Gaelic in inaware the daysthat ofDundalk Cuchullin is inand Leinster Fionn accordingI am quite to theall EnglishFenian geographies,topography ofbut ancientto elucidate Ireland or fixby AN COMUNN OAIDHEALACH theirSo faraid asis Ulstera novel is andconcerned, startling it proposition.was natural NEW LIFE MEMBERS. i Ultoniansand proper should that bethe honoured warlike championsin “ Diindealgain of the Lieut.houston. Colin MacLeod, 19 Gower Street, Bella- ;( weregrianach numbered glan,” amongor that its Cuchullin nobility. andHad his Dun-heirs Jas. gilphead.Livingstone, 2 Victoria Buildings, Loch- >l dalkwould been have a regardedcity of Leinster, it with noa friendlyUlster champion eye. It MissChelsea. Eleanora Cameron, 65 Elm Park Gardens, 192 AN DEO GREINE. Rev. William MacPhail, Kilbrandon. Mrs.David Chas. M'Cowan, MacPherson, 187 Rutherglen 45 West Graham Road, S.S.Street. The Shop for Gaelic Books. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English SongsPrice Postage NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. Henrywith Translations Whyte “Fionn,” & Gaelic now Readings, ready, cloth by 7/6 6d Calum Stewart, M.A., 34 Dudley Drive, Hynd- Bardings Bharabhais, of Donald Humorous Macdonald, Songs Barvas, an ! Read- limp Archd.land. Munn A’ Chpillebheag, Oban. cloth, net, 3/6' 4d Miss Euphemia Stewart, 34 Dudley Drive. GaelicSgeulaiche Self-Taught. nan Gaol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d Archd.Hyndland. M'Culloch, Mount Park, Ashton for Beginners, with an imitated pronun- Mrs. M'Culloch, Mount Park, Ashton. An Rosarnach,ciation invaluable a galaxy to Learners,of the best complete, modem 1/6 3d Mrs.M. NacNiven, Munro, Toe 269 Manse,New City Taynuilt. Road. Gaelic authors, 2 volumes ready, each 10/- 9d > , Miss N. 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Deirdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 6d The Magazine will be sent post free to all GaelicCameron’s Mission Highland Hymn ClearancesBook, to- 1912,- -- 12/- /- 4d2d countries in the Postal Union for 2/- per annum. Bardachd Ghaidhlig, Selected Gaelic Poetry, 3/6 6d Single copies will be sent by post for 2d. AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choice Bhruis Gaelic an Eirinn, Essays, 1/-1/3 3d Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. Calder, 12/6 1/- zine, Annual Subscriptions, Advertisements, etc, Minstrelsy of the Highlands, Gaelic & Eng , 4/6 6d should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, Secre- Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d tary, 114 West Campbell Street, Glasgow. GaelicBiblesAll Post andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX MACLAREN & SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES,XND SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, Mackay’s Palace Hotel, CHARING CROSS (NE^ GfAND) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. T I L Highly Recommended. TABLEBEDROOM. D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND 5s. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so, AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.] Ceud Mbs a’ Gheamhhraidh, ig20. [Karrann 2. is eachdraidh ar sinnsrean ann an seadh CLAR-INNSIDH. araidh. Faodaidh mi a radh nach dean fior Ghaidheal tair air seann nosan ’aithrichean ged Am Foghar agus an T-Samhuinn, - 17 nach toir e dhaibh an creideas a bha aca-san ExecutiveAnnual Business Council, Meeting, 1920-21, .... - - 2119 annta. Is ann bu chor dhuinne a bhi taingeil Propaganda Campaign, 22 gu ’n do chuir solus na linne anns a bheil sinn Sgeulaehdof the ManFear with a' Chota the Slovenly Shlibistich Grey-Green Liathghlais—The Cloak, - Tale- 25 beo an teicheadh air moran de na sean ubagan AnSecretary’s Comunn Notes, Gaidhealach—Thurso Branch, ....- - - 3029 is na gisreagan a bha a’ cur dragha orra-san. Tha sluagh an la diugh, ’nam beachd fein, An Comunn Gaidhealach—New Members, - - - - 32 anabarrach glic is tuigseach, agus cha ’n fhaic iad ann an sean chleaohdaidhean ach faoineas AM FOGHAR AGUS AN T SAMHUINN. air nach airidh ach gloo gaire. Tha fios is cinnt gu bheil eblas is fiosraohadh de gach “ Oidhoh Shamhna theirear gamlina ris na seorsa a’ dol am meud mar a tha an saoghal a’ laoigh.” fas na’s sine, ach co dhiiibh tha gliocas a’ cumail Foghar gu Nollaig ceum riutha, ’se sin ceist eile, Chi sinn o bhi Is Geamhradh gu Feill Padruig, a’ leughadh litreachas nan sean Ghreugach gu’n Earrach gu Feill Peadair, do chinn mbr ghliocas is aigne dhealbhach anns Samhradh gu Feill Martuiim. a’ chinneach ainmeil ud, ged bu Phaganaich iad. * * * Mar an ceudna bha na sean Ghaidheil air Is aim air a mhodh seo a bhiodh na seana thoiseach oimn ann an tuigse is tiir naduir, Ghaidheil! a’ roinn raithean na bliadhna, agus eadhon ged fhuair saobh-chreideamh greim orra. nar la fhein tha cuid de bhodaioh is de chaill- ’Nar la fein cha do thilg sinn saobh-chreideamh eachan nach gabh ri gnaths na Galldaohd ’gan gu h-iomlan an dara taobh fhathast. Mar sin cunntas air a’ mhodh cheudna. 0 chian nan cha ruig sinn a leas a bhi cho abartach. cian, mar tha sgriobhadairean a’ cumail a * * * mach, roinn na sean Cheiltich a’ bhliadhna ’na Dh’ fhalbh an seorsa Samhraidh a bha againn da thrath—Bealltainn gu Samhuinn is Samh- am bliadhna, agus a nis tha dath ruiteach 6ir uinn gu Bealltainn. Ach cha ’n ’eil an teagamh a’ sgeudachadh na diithcha. Tha duilleach as lugha ann nach teid an sean mhodh cunntais nan craobh air fas donn agus a’ tuiteam gu lar, tur as, an iiine ghearr, mar a ohaidh a’ chuid mean air mhean, an deidh dhaibh an obair mhor de chleachdaidhean eile fo bhuaidh nadurra a chrioohnachadh. Theid an uinn- nosan nuadha. Cuiridh an t-al a tha ag eirigh sean a lomadh roimh chach. Mairidh duil- suas ’nar n-am ciil ri iomadh rud a bha a’ eagan na faidhbhile, na leamhain, na plintrinne riaghladh caithe beatha art seanairean. Ged beagan na’s fhaide. Is e am foghar am nan nach freagair na seann rudan sin ri beatha ar dearcan fiadhaich, agus tha gach callaid latha fhein, cha bu chbr an di-chuimhneachadh dhroighinn trom la mucan faileag is sgeach- an diugh, oir tha iad a’ cur soluis air beatha agan—fiamh an 6ir air na frith rathadan. An 18 AN DEO-GREINE. uair nach faigh na h-eoiu greim na’s fearr a icheadh froiseadh, na sniomh connlaich, no chordas riutha ’sann gus na dearcan seo a fraoich a chum gu’m biodh na bu lebr de ghabhas iad. Tha Nadur a solarachadh a shioman aca air son nan cruachan, no tubhadh bhidh seo dhaibh. Cha’n fhaic thu lon-dubh nan tighean mu’n tigeadh dubhlachd a’ no druid a’ cur gob an ns na dearoan fiadhaich gheamhraidh. Cha bhitheadh na mnathan mur bi iad an fior eiginn; tba iadsan trang a’ ’nan tamh. An th nach biodh aig a’ chuibhil trusadh na dh’ fhoghnas daibh air an achadh bhiodh i ri cardadh, te eile a’ figheadh stocainn bhuana. Mu dheireadh all, fhoghair tha gaeh no ’glanadh shoithichean. Cha robh fois ’san achadh lorn, agus tha na h-ebin a’ tathaich na’s fhardaich gus an tigeadh am dol a laidhe an faisge air na dorsan, gu h-araidh ani bru- deidh greim suipearach a ghabhail. Gu dearbh dhearg, mar gu’m biodh iad a’ sireadh na h- ’sann orra uile a thuiteadh cadal milis na aoidheachd nach bu choir a chleith orra. Tha saothrach ; is iomadh neach a ghabhadh iasad na spoireagan beaga a’ beiceil mu’n cuairt cho doth na ’n gabhadh e ceannach. Anns an am moiteil asda fein, mar gu’m b’ iadsan na creut- ud cha robh duine a’ gabhail umhail do airean as inbheiche ’san ealtaiim. fhaidead la oibreach, biodh e re ochd uairean, no deich, no eadhon a dha dheug. Nach ao- Chaidh am foghar a nis seachad, agus tha coltach seo ri muinntir shocrach ar la fhein a sinn aig oir a’ gheamhraidh fhuair, rebthtaich bhios a’ cnamhan’s a’ gearain, ’s ri aimhreit ma —an t-am aims am bi sinn a’ teannadh na’s dh’ iarrar orra mionaid a bharrachd air sea dliiithe do’n ghealbhan. Is ann aig am an uairean ’san latha oibreachadh. earraich is an fhoghair a bhios tuathanaich An uair a thigeadh crioch air obair an fhogh- bheaga na Gaidhealtachd ’nan lan dhrip, oir air, cha bhiodh daoine cho dripeil, agus bhiodh aig an da thrath sin tha an side caochlaideach. an oigridh le mor thoil-inntinn ag amharc ri Aig an fhoghar a chaidh seachad, bha na oidhche Shamhna. B’e sud oidhche nan diiilean aig amanan a’ bagradh leir-sgrios a ubagan ’s nan gisreagan; an oidhche air am thoirt air toradh an fhearainn ; co-dhiiibh air biodh an droch fhear fhein ma sgaoil, na machraichean na Galldachd. Is cinnteach gu’n buidsichean a marcachd, ma b’ fhior, air cas na d’ fhuair a’ Ghaidhealtachd a cuid fhein de na sguaibe air feadh an athair, no a’ dol thar muir h-uisgeachan troma, is na tuiltean a bhriichd a ann an gucag uighe. Saoil na’m faiceadh seann mach thar na claisean, agus a mhill cinneas an daoine nan amanan a dh’ fhalbh, aeroplane a fhearainn. Gidheadh tha dbchas againn gu’n snamh aims an athar, no motor car ’na deann air d’ fhuair croitearan am faljharach air son cur- an rathad mhor, ’s i a spiitadh ceb as a deireadh, a-stigh, agus gu bheil an t-arbhar caoin, ciod a theireadh iad ? Direach gu’m b’e an cruaidh, an iodhlann lan is gach mulan dionach Donas fhein a bha ann an tbir air cuideigin! fo thubhadh mu’n tuit gaillionn. An uair a shuidheas sinn ’nar cathair shocraich * k- * air oidhche Shamhna a beachd smuaineachadh Mar tha fios againn uile, tha an la a’ dol an air ciod am bun o’n d’ eirich cleachdaidhean is giorrad mar tha am foghar a’ dol seachad, agus saobh-chreideamh na Samhna, feumaidh sinn a cha dean lunndaireachd an gnothuch. Cha dhol fad air ais an eachdraidh a.’ chinne daonn i lean sgoinn am fear a bhios fada gu’n dol a mu’n tig sinn, gu comh-dhunadh as fhiach an t- chadal agus fada gun eirigh. Mar a tha an saothair a thaobh na cuise. Cha bhi ann, ach sean-fhacal- ag radh, am fear a bhios fada gun tuaiream an deidh a h-uile rud. Ach tha aon eirigh bidh e ’na leum fad’ an latha. Bhiodh rud ann nach gabh aicheadh, agus ’s e sin gu ar n-aithriohean gu math moch air an cois. ’n do nochd mac an duine, o chian, mor mhiann Anns an am a dh’ fhalbh cha bhiodh daoine aig air sgbd de ’n bhrat dhiomhair a tha falachadh am foghair ag itheadh greim bidh ri solus la— an t-saoghail eile a thogail. Dh’ fheach e “ Tri bidh air an oidhche, ’s gun aon ghreim air iomadh dbigh a chum na, criche seo, agus cha an latha.” Is ann ri solus a’ chruisgean a do sguir e fhathast. Thuirt sean iighdar gur i ghabhadh iad a’ cheud bhiadh ’sa mhaduinn lamh na trbcaire a dh’ fhigh am brat a tha a’ mhoich. Mar sin bhiodh iad deas gu dol an falach bhuainn na tha ri teachd. Nach fior an ceann oibre gle thrath. Cha rachadh greim radh. Bha an Ceilteach o thus a gleac ri tuilleadh ’nan goile gu anmoch, agus cha b’e nithean diomhair. B’e ghnb a bhi a tolladh tea a bhiodh a feitheamh orra, mar a chithear mu nithean a bha os cionn a bheatha lathail. an diugh, ach gu trie buntata is sgadan, no Bha e a’ creidsinn ann an saoghal a b’ fhearr na brochan tana measgaichte le bainne, agus aran ’n saoghal a bha ’ga dhruideadh a, mach ‘o coirce. An uair a ghabhadh iad an sath de seo, chairdean a ghabh am t-aiseag gu Tir fo cha b’e pasgadh lamh a dheanadh iad. Chuir- thuinn, no Tlr nan Og. Cha ’n ionghnadh ged eadh na fir a’ phiob thombaca air uidheam ; robh e fo bhuaidh spiorad na dlomhaireachd ’s ghabhadh iad a maeh do’n Gsabhal agus thbis- an annais. Cha robh aige ach sealltuinn mu’n AN DEO-GREINE. 19 cuairt air cnuic, creagan, uillt, a’ mhuir, ’san ainm an fhir a bha i an diiil r’a phosadh. “ Co cmthachadh naduir eile a bha ’na bheachd bith- sud shios air ceann mo ropain ? ” Cha ’n ’eil bhuan, agus fo chumhachd reachd cruaidh an athan againn an diugh, agus ged a bhitheadh, Dain air nach ’oil fiaradh. Is e fein is a ► cha ’n e a h-uile caileag aig am biodh de mhis- chomh-chreutairean a mhain a bha diombuan. nich a dhol leatha fein air oidhche dhorcha a Mar sin bha e an geall air rud-eigin fhaotainn chum gu faigheadh i sanas mu ’n fhear air an a mach air na bha thall. An iochdai' cridhe robh i an geall. A thaobh nan dea® gnathan gach aoin againn tha nadur de chiocras diomh- eile a bha, coimh-cheangailte ris an t-Shamhainn air ag iarraidh fios fhaotainn mu ii t-saoghal o chionn moran cheudan bliadhna, cha ruigear ©ile, agus ma dh’ iheacii an Gaidheal air beagan a leas an ainmeachadh. Dh’ fhalbh iad le soluis fhaotainn air sin troimh ubagan is “ siubhal Samhna ” mar a dh’ fhalbh cleachd- ghisreagan ciod a bha ann ach rud tha moran aidhean cianail eile, ach am measg gliocais is ak- feadh na Cruinn© ri spaim fhathast? soluis ar n-ama fein, gheibhear gnathsan air am * * * bu chor fuadach a chur. Tha phuing ro fhar- Nach ’eil fios againn uile gu bheil mdran ’n suinn gu bhi ’leudachadh oirre an seo. Ma tha ar latha—daoin© ionnsaicht© cuideachd—a’ cearn de ar diithaioh fhathast ann anns am tolladh anns a phuing air a bheil mi a’ sgiiobh- bithear a’ toirt geill do ghnathsan na Samhna, adh, agus a feachainn ris a’ cheist fhuasgladh, ma dh’ fhaoidte gur h-ann air ghaol fealadha mar tha ’n dream ris an abrar Spiritualists. is cridhealais a thatar ’ga dheanamh, agus nach Ciod an t-ionghnadh ma ta ged dh’ fheach na ann a chionn gu bheilear a’ creidsinn annta, no Ceiltich a bhi a’ tolladh ’nan dbigh fein. Cha gu bheil eifeachd ’sam bith a’ sruthadh bhuapa. d’ thainig e a stigh orra cho ao-coltach’s a tba e gu’n do roimh-brduich an Cruithfhear riagh- ladh na Cruinn© a bhi fo bhuaidh ubagan is ghisreigean amis nach ’eil an toinisg as lugha. ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING. Cha b’e na Ceiltich a mhain a pheacaich anns The annual business meeting of An Comunn an rod seo; tha ’n Eorpa uil© lan diubh, agus was held in the Argyllshire Gathering Hall, tha na miltean am Breatunn fein fo ’n cheart Oban, on Saturday, 25th September. There chuing. Mar sin cha ruig aon chinneadh a leas was an attendance of about sixty members, clachag a thilgeadh air cinneadh eile. Cha ’n and the President—Rev. G. W. Mackay—prer aithne dhomhsa gu bheil gin air feadh na sided. The minute of last annual meeting was Gaidhealtachd an diugh a’ creidsinn am buid- held as read, and thereafter the secretary inti- seachas no an tannaisg. Ma tha grunnan ann mated the re-election of the President, one a tha a’ creidsinn anns an droch shuil, no goid Vice-President, and ten members of Executive an toraidh bho ’n chrodh, cha ’n ’eil iad ach Council. The full list of elected Executive tearc. An la a shiiibhlas iadsan falbhaidh Council are givenl on another page. sud leotha, agus is math gu falbh. Air a shon Condolence with Mrs. Burnley Campbell. sin cha mhisde sinn aig amannan a bhi a’ toirt The President referred in sympathetic terms fainear sean chleachdaidhean a bha siiibhlaoh to the great loss sustained by a former Presi- am measg an bsluaigh o shean, gu h-araidh a’ dent of the Association, Mrs. Burnley Campbell chuid as taitneiche dhiiibh, mar tha cairdeas, of Ormidale, by the death of her husband, daimhealachd is tioralachd—feartan nach ’eil Colonel Burnley Campbell. He was sure all ach ro ainmig an diugh an uair a tha h-uile fear members agreed with him when he expressed a’ stri ri toirt sgairbh a creagan dha fhein. the hope that she would soon be amongst them again. On the motion of the President, the Bitear a’ cur as leth na h-aoise nach luthaig meeting agreed to send a letter to Mrs. Burnley i spors no fearas-chuideachd do ’n bige. Ma Campbell expressing their deep sympathy with tha sin fior, cha ’n ’eil ann ach dearbhadh gu’n her in l>er great bereavement. do chaill iad roinn de’n fhaireachadh a bhuineas do spiorad na h-6ige. Co chi dad a chron ann Success of Mod. an iibhlan a’ snamh ann am ballan lan uisge, The President said he was sure they were all agus balach 6g a feachainn an glacadh le delighted at the success of the Oban Mod. He bhilean ; each a’ call a liiiths le gaireachdaich looked with admiration on the way it had been Agus ma theid gillean oga a’ spuinneadh a’ conducted, and it was their duty to accord a gharraidh chail air oidhche Shamhna,, am very hearty vote of thanks to the Local Com- bheil ann gu trio ach feala-dha a chum conas mittee. In that connection, there were three a chur air bodach crosda. Cha chluinnear an men in particular whom they must bear in diugh mu chaileagan a’ dol chun na h-atha le mind, and, while they cordially thanked all oeirsle shnaith fbach am faigheadh i a mach members of the Committee for their splendid 20 AN DEO-GHEINE. work, special mention should be made of Mr. Committee shall prepare the Syllabus and John MacDonald (convener), Mr. J. M. Skinner Prize List of the Mod for the approval of the (local secretary and treasurer), and Mr. T. D. Executive Council, and shall be responsible to MacDonald (secretary of the local Branch). the Executive Council for the conduct of the He therefore moved that a vote of thanks be Mod. Section 7—The Music Committee shall accorded to the Local Committee and these endeavour to collect folk-songs and promote the three gentlemen for their magnificent work. cultivation of Gaelic music and song.” This was heartily agreed to. In speaking to his motion the President said the movement was more than a festival of Donation. music; it was first and foremost a language The President intimated that he had received movement, and that side must be kept to the a second donation of £50 from Miss Marion B. front if An Comunn desired to send Mr. Shaw Tod through the Lady Helen Tod. The first and himself on propaganda work in Sutherland, of these sums had been handed over to the Ross, and portion of Inverness and Caithness. Publication Fund recommended so strongly by If the meeting adopted his suggestion of Professor Watson, and he suggested that the separating the Mod and Music Committee, second sum now given be handed to the Propa- everything connected with the Mod (music, ganda Fund. He moved that for her liberality literature, and art) would be under the in the cause, Miss Tod be appointed a Life Mod Committee. The Music Committee would Member. This was agreed to. have much work to do dealing with music in general, with unpublished music, and with 1921 Mod. engaging in musical research. The President said that, personally, he Mrs. Colquhoun expressed the same view, should like if next year’s Mod could be held in and seconded the motion. Inverness or Dingwall if that were possible. Sheriff MacMaster Campbell suggested that Glasgow was a magnificent Celtic centre where to save trouble the meeting might agree to the financial success was certain, but on the other Mod and Music Committee being divided into side was a chance of enlightening and stimulat- two separate Committees. ing the Northern Counties. Mr Angus Robert- Rev. Mr. Munro pointed out that if the meet- son, speaking in Gaelic, put forward the claims ing carried the President’s proposition they of Glasgow. Mr. Malcolm MacIntyre, Colon- would require to spend money on collecting say, seconded, and after further discussion the music, and they would certainly require to motion was unanimously agreed to. It was finance this new Music Committee more gener- left to the Glasgow Committee to fix the date ously than they had done the Mod and Music of the Mod. Committee in the past. The collection of folk- songs required a good deal of travelling, and Motions. they could not expect members of the Com- The President moved that the price of An mittee to do that work without financial assist- Bed Greine be raised from Id to 2d. There ance. He did not see any connection between was also a motion by Mr. T. D. MacDonald that the objection to music and the President’s pro- the magazine be published quarterly instead of posal. The Mod would still be a musical insti- monthly, and that its size be increased by six tution, call it what they liked. Personally, pages. After some discussion, it was agreed he would not oppose the formation of a new on the motion of Sheriff MaoPhail, to remit to Music Committee, but he desired to state to the the Executive Council to consider *the whole Executive that he wished to be relieved of his position of the magazine, with full power to duty on the Committee. The duties were very make such changes as they may consider neces- heavy, and he would hand over the work to sary. someone else with pleasure. The President moved the following motion : The President said he would not like his (a) “ That Rule 28 of the Constitution be motion to be voted on if it led to Mr Munro altered to read as follows : —The Executive giving up his convenership. He so valued Mr. Council shall, at the Preliminary Meeting in Munro’s work that he thought his proposal each year, appoint from among its own mem- would lessen his labour. In any case, a good bers seven Standing Committees, viz.—A deal had been done by ventilation of opinion, Finance Committee, an Education Committee, and he would withdraw his motion with the a Publication Committee, a Propaganda Com- consent of his seconder. Mrs. Colquhoun mittee, An' Art and Industry Committee, a Mod agreed, and the motion was withdrawn. Committee, and a Music Committee.” (b) Mr. T. D. MacDonald’s motion that the Mod “ That Rule 35, Section 6, be made into two be held in May or June was not put to the sections as follows : —Section 6—The Mod meeting, and in the absence of Mr. Angus Hen- AN DEO-GREINE. 21 derson the motion tabled in his name was Rev. Wm. MacPhail, Manse of Kilbrandon, allowed to drop. Easdale. Mr. Abrach Mackay pointed out that people Rev. M. N. Munro, M.A., U.F. Manse, Taynuilt. in the counties of Sutherland and Caithness Colin Sinclair, M.A., 35 Clifford Street, had a strong desire to see something of the Bellahouston. prize-winners of the Mod. He looked forward Rev. George Calder, D.Litt., The University, with great hope to the visit of the President Glasgow. and Secretary to these parts, and it would be Sheriff MacMaster Campbell, Campbeltown. a splendid thing if the two medallists could hare T. D. MacDonald, 40 Stevenson Street, Oban. accompanied them. The President said he Rev. Dugald Macfarlane, The Manse, Kingussie. thought that it would be preferable that the Duncan MacGillivray, M.A., Billhead High propaganda work should first be carried out, School, Glasgow. and then afterwards Mr. Roderick MacLeod or James MacKellar, 13 Broompark Terrace, someone might deal with the musical side in Dennistoun. these districts. Duncan MacLeod, “ Arthurlie,” Beech Avenue, Mr. Abrach Mackay stated that he had been Dumbreck. talking to Canadian Highlanders from Glenr Malcolm MacLeod, 5 Church Road, Ibrox. garry and Glencoe, and they were suggesting Rev. T. S. Macpherson, 18 Wilson Street, Hill- that a delegation should be sent to Canada to head. further the aims of An Comunn. The Presi- P. MacDougall Pullar, 92 Kirkcaldy Road, dent said a suggestion of sending a delegation Maxwell Park. to Canada was considered some years ago, and Archd. Stewart, “ Bunrannooh,” Cambuslang. the Propaganda, Committee would deal with the Professor W. J. Watson, LL.D., 8 Spence matter again, as it was very important. Street, Edinburgh. The preliminary meeting of Executive Coun- William Mackay, LL.D., 19 Union Street, cil followed immediately, and members Inverness. appointed to the Standing Committees. It Roderick MacLeod, 10 Drummond Street, was agreed to hold the next meeting 'of Execu- Inverness. tive Council in Glasgow on 1st December at 6.30 J. P. Grant, yr. of Rothiemurchus, 67 Great p.m. King Street, Edinburgh. A vote of thanks to the Chairman terminated Miss Campbell of Inverneill, Ardrishaig. the proceedings. Robert MacFarlan, Dumbarton. Miss Campbell of Succoth, Garscube. Neil Orr, F.E.I.S., Headmaster, Duddingsto 1. Mrs. W. J. Watson, 8 Spetice Street, Edinburgh. EXECUTIVE COUNCIL, 1920-21. Standing Committees. Finance-—Alex. Fraser (Convener), Archd. President. Stewart, P. MacDougall Pullar, Duncan Mac- Rev. G. W. Mackay, M.A., The Manse, Killin. Leod, J. S. Mackay, Malcolm MacLeod, James V ice-Presidents. MacKellar, A. B. Ferguson, Donald Cook, Angus Robertson, “ Dunholm,” Hamilton Archd. Macpherson, John MacTaggart, G. A. Drive, Pollokshields. Ferguson, The President (ex officio). Donald Macphie, 5 Victoria Terrace, Dullatur. Education—H. F. Campbell (convener), Mal- H. F. Campbell, 25 Union Terrace, Aberdeen. colm MacLeod, Mrs. Burnley Campbell, Roderick MacLeod, Angus Robertson, Dr. W. J. Treasurer. Watson, T. I). MacDonald, Donald MacLean, Robert Macfarlane, C.A., 114 West Campbell J .N. MacLeod, Rev. D. Macfarlane, Miss Juliet Street, Glasgow. Macdonald, Miss Campbell of Succoth, The Pre- Secretary. sident (ex officio). Neil Shaw, 114 West Campbell Street, Glasgow. Publication—Malcolm MacLeod (convener), Elected Executive Council. Dr. Calder, Angus Henderson, Angus Robert- Mrs. Burnley Campbell of Ormidale, Colin- son, J. S. Mackay, Dr. W. J. Watson, Mrs. Wat- traive. son, Duncan MacGillivray, Miss Campbell of A. B. Ferguson, 10 Harvie Street, Ibrox. Succoth, Donald MacLean, Colin Sinclair, Alex. Fraser, 53 Park Drive South, Whiteinch. Archd. Macpherson, The President (ex officio), Angus Henderson, 2 Clifford Road, Stirling. The Editor (ex officio). J. S. Mackay, 11 Bellfield Road, Stirling. Propaganda—Rev. G. W. Mackay (con- Rev. John MacLachlan, The Manse, Lochcarron. vener), Miss Campbell of Inverneill, Malcolm John N. MacLeod, Knockbain School, Kirkhill. Macleod, Angus Robertson, Iain P. Grant, 22 AN DEO-GREINE. Angus Henderson, T. D. MacDonald, J. S. attentively, and a Branch was formed by unani- Mackay, Miss Juliet Macdonald, Roderick Mac- mous consent, the Branch to be named the Port Leod, John MacDonald, H. F. Campbell. Skerray-Melvich Branch. Art and Industry—Mrs. Reyburn (con- An hour or so later a second meeting was venery, Miss Campbell of Succoth (vice- held in the School, Strathy. The attendance convener), Mrs. Burnley Campbell, Miss Camp- was small, but the evening was somewhat bell of Inverneill, Mrs. W. J. Watson, Miss boisterous and the district is very scattered. Turner of Kilchamaig, H. F. Campbell, Colin Mr. Hector Mackay, headmaster, presided, and Sinclair, Mrs. Christison, Mrs. Colquhoun, there were also present Rev. Mr. Youngson, The William Campbell, Archd. Stewart, The Presi- Manse, and the Rev. Mr. MacAulay, Free ednt (ex officio). Church Manse. A Branch was formed, and Mod and Music—Rev. M. N. Munro (con- office-bearers appointed. A public meeting vener), Mrs. Colquhoun, Alex. Fraser, Mrs. was to be convened later to appoint a com- Christison, John MacDonald, Angus Hender- mittee and arrange a programme for the son, Malcolm MacLeod, Dr. W. J. Watson, H. session. M. Matheson, Donald Macphie, Dr. Calder, The third meeting of the evening was held Miss Nancy MacLean, The President (ex in the Hall, Bettyhill. There was a large officio ). attendance, and Mr. Mackay, peripatetic Gaelic teacher under the- Sutherland Education Authority, occupied the chair. It was unani- PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN. mously decided to form a Branch, and office- bearers were appointed, Miss Ina Mackay, As intimated at the Annual General Meeting Free Church Manse, being secretary. A round in Oban, the President, Rev. G. W. Mackay, of visits was paid the following morning, and by and Mr. Neil Shaw, secretary, began a three mid-day the deputies were motoring up the weeks’ propaganda tour on 4th October. The famous Strathnaver. A call was made at the opening meeting was held in the Council Cham- School there, but unfortunately the teacher bers, Thurso—Rev. G. R. MacLennan presid- knows no Gaelic, and nothing is done in the ing. There was an attendance of 40 people, little school there. all interested in the formation of a Branch. ‘In the afternoon the journey was continued An apology was read from Provost Mackay, and to Tongue, calling on Rev. H. G. MacLellan, Bailie Anderson welcomed the officials to Boigie Free Church Manse, who accompanied Thurso. The Rev. Mr. Mackay, in the couree the officials to Skerra School. It is hoped to of an interesting address, referred to the form a Branch there later, or a Gaelic Reading benefits to be derived by Gaelic-speaking com- Class. Returning from Skerra, Mr. Mac- munities in the promotion of Gaelic instruction Lellan entertained the President and Secretary under the new Education Act. He regarded to tea and much interesting conversation the work of An Comunn as of national import- regarding the position of Gaelic in the ance, and it did not confine its activities to any district took place. Arriving at Tongue one part of the Kingdom. Mr. Shaw also spoke later in the evening, a well-attended meeting in Gaelic and English. was addressed in the School—Rev. D. Lundie, The Rev. Messrs. G. R. MacLennan, A. J. parish minister, presiding. Mr. D. MacLeod, Morrison, W. D. A. Mackenzie, and Colin headmaster, who attended the Gaelic Vacation Livingstone, and Mr. Neil MacDonald, solicitor, Class at Glasgow, also addressed the meeting, Dr. MacLennan, Mr. James Grant, and Mr. J. and a Branch was formed with Rev. Mr. Mac- Abrach Mackay, Castletown, also addressed the donald, U.F. Manse, as President, and Mr. W. gathering. The meeting was a very enthusi- S. Munro, Registrar, as secretary. Mr. Mackay astic one, and it was unanimously resolved to and Mr. Shaw were the guests of the Rev. Mr. form a Branch, and office-bearers were and Mrs. Lundie at the Manse. In the morn- appointed. (A subsequent meeting of the ing they visited the old church and the burial- Branch is reported in full on Page 30.) place of the Lords of Reay. Continuing the On Tuesday (5th), the President and Secre- journey towards Durness, Melness School was tary proceeded to Melvich, calling at the Manse visited, and a meeting held during the meal of Reay en route. A gratifying attendance, hour, when a number of people attended. Miss considering the early hour, awaited them in the Gordon, headmistress, presided. Parents and Hall at Melvich. Mr. Alex. Mackintosh, head- children were addressed in Gaelic and English, master, who attended the Gaelic Vacation and at the close a Branch was formed—Miss Class at Glasgow, arranged the meeting, and Gordon, a native Gaelic speaker, being presided. The Gaelic and English addresses appointed President, and her assistant, Miss by Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw were listened to Sutherland, secretary. A call was made on AN DEO-GREINE. 23 Miss Campbell, teacher in a side school in the A largely-attended meeting was held in the small township of Laid, on the shores of Loch Hall, Lochinver, on Monday evening (11th)— Eireboll, and who attended the Inverness Gaelic Mr. Murdo Kerr presiding. A large and influ- Vacation Class. The children, with one or two ential Branch was established there, with Miss exceptions, are all Gaelic-speaking, and one Graham, M.A., as secretary. Miss Graham is little girl, who had not been many days in a competent Gaelic teacher, and also attended school, knew no English. Miss Campbell is the Inverness classes. Much is expected of teaching Gaelic in the school. the Lochinver Branch, and Revs. D. Mackinnon The meeting held at Durness that evening and D. Finlayson are prepared to conduct read- was well attended, and the Rev. Dr. Adam ing classes during the session. This was the Gunn presided. A Branch was formed, and last public meeting in Sutherland, and Tuesday office-bearers and committee appointed. Dr. saw the deputation en route for Ullapool, via Gunn is the president. Mr. Mackay, Gaelic Inchnadamph. A call v'as made on the teacher at teacher, had been to Durness, and conducted Elphin, and a Gaelic song rendered very effec- Gaelic and singing classes. The President tively by the children was much enjoyed. This and Secretary were the guests of Rev. Mr. and is Ruairi MacLeod’s native parish, and a short Mrs. MacDonald at the parish manse, and in visit was paid to the house where he was born, the morning visited Rob Donn’s grave in the now occupied by a younger brother. Highland old churchyard at Balnakiel. An imposirrg hospitality was accorded, and it was matter of monument, erected to the memory of the Bard, regret that it was not possible to hold a meeting stands within a few yards of the grave. A in the evening. Ullapool was reached in the long motor run brought the deputies to afternoon, and a large meeting addressed in Rhiconich, where they were hospitably enter1 the School at night. Major Fraser of Leck- atined by Mr. and Mrs. Grant, of the Hotel melm presided, and the arrangements were there. Two meetings were held in the after- carried out by Mr. MacLeod, headmaster. The noon at Oldshore and Inshegra, both places Branch was re-formed; Miss Lucas, Gaelic situated on the north shore of Loch Inchard. teacher, was appointed secretary. The influ- Rev. John MacAskill, U.F. Church of Kinloch- ence of Mr. Hugh MacLean’s music teaching is bervie, presided at both meetings, and branches still evident, as also the enthusiasm created by were formed. As at Loch Eireboll, all the local Mod held at the close of the singing children are Gaelic-speaking. The two assistant classes in June, 1914. Mr. Morrison of Kin- teachers at Oldshore are Gaelic-speaking, one lochbervie entertained the officials at the Cale- of whom, Miss Fraser, attended the Inverness donian Hotel during their stay at Ullapool. Class. Mr. MacRae, headmaster at Inshegra, The longest run of the tour was that under- is also Gaelic-speaking, and some time is taken the following day, viz., from Ullapool to devoted to Gaelic teaching in both schools. Gairloch. A most interesting visit was paid The journey was continued to Scourie in the to Mr. Mackenzie, headmaster of Aultbea evening, where a meeting was held in the School School. Here Gaelic is systematically taught under the chairmanship of Mr. Fraser, head- in all departments, and Mr. Mackenzie gave master. There was a fair attendance, and the convincing demonstrations of the value of bi- addresses listened to attentively. A Branch lingual teaching. Further on a halt was made was formed, with Mr. Fraser as president, and at Poolewe School, now in charge of Miss Blair, Miss Urquhart, teacher, secretary. The who attended the Glasgow Gaelic Classes. officials were the guests of Mr. MacDonald and Gaelic is being taught in this school also. the Misses MacDonald at Scourie. Mr. John MacGillivray, headmaster, presided On Saturday morning the journey was con- over a fair gathering in Auchtercaim School, tinued to Kylestrome, across Kyle Sku Ferry Gairloch. The Branch was re-formed, and if and across country to Skeag Bridge, along Loch the enthusiasm shown is any indication, its •Assynt for somer miles, and then on to Stoer. success is assured. The deputies vere received at the Manse by Rev. The mail coach conveyed the propagandists Mr. and Mrs. Mackenzie, where they remained to Auchnasheen, where they entrained for till Monday. The meeting in the School was Strathcarron, and from thence by mail car to fairly representative, and a committee was Shieldaig. They were the guests of Rev. Mr. formed to call another meeting with a view to and Mrs. Currie at the Manse, and in the even- the formation of a Branch. The headmaster ing addressed a fair attendance in the School is sympathetic towards the teaching of Gaelic, over which Mr. Currie presided. Mr. Mac- but unfortunately neither he nor his two Cuish, headmaster, is Gaeliospeaking, and assistants know the language. Gaelic is the Scripture lessons are read in Gaelic regularly. everyday speech of obi and young. Mr. There was some doubt expressed as to getting Mackay preached at both diets on Sunday in the use of the School for meetings of the his native parish before a fair congregation. Branch, and until such time as permission is 24 AN DEO-GREINE. granted, the actual formation of a Branch was hospitably received at the Manse by Rev. Mr., postponed. A meeting for this purpose will Mrs., and Miss Mackay, and in the evening the be called later. School-room was packed. The proceedings The return journey was made to Lochcarron were mainly in Gaelic, and after a Branch had the following morning, and headquarters estab- been formed a programme of Gaelic songs was lished in the Manse of Rev. John MacLachlan. gone through. The Rev. Father MacLellan There was a gathering of about 150 people in was appointed President, in absentia, and a the Hall, Jeantown, at the opening of the conversation with him in the launch the follow- Branch to hear addresses by the President and ing morning revealed that he will be a staunch Secretary. Rev. Mr. MacLachlan presided, supporter of the cause. and the meeting opened with a Gaelic chorus An attendance of about sixty in the Astley by the school children. A delightful pro- Hall welcomed the President and Secretary to gramme of Gaelic song was interspersed by Arisaig. Rev. Father MacEachen took the speeches, and all thoroughly enjoyed the enter- chair, and conducted the meeting in Gaelic. tainment. The Branch here is in a flourishing The Branch was re-formed, with Father Mac- condition, and had a membership roll of about Eachen as President, and Miss Gillies, teacher, 200 last session. Here also the effect of the as secretary. singing class and local Mod is still apparent. The concluding meeting of the tour was held On Saturday the deputation took train to in the School, Mallaig. There was a large turn- Kyle, where they were met by Mr. David Urqu- out of local enthusiasts, and Mr. D. MacLennan, hart, M.A., who accompanied them to Domie. merchant, was appointed chairman. The Unfortunately nothing is being done for Gaelic addresses were in Gaelic and English, and at in this village, where once it flourished in the the close the Branch was re-formed, and office- school. Not so at Auchtertyre, where a bearers appointed. Mr. Kenneth MacLean, Branch is kept very much alive, and Mr. Mont- headmaster, is president. gomery, headmaster, the moving spirit in all From the point of view of Gaelic propaganda, things Gaelic. He attended the Inverness the tour was highly successful, even beyond the Classes. A meeting of the Branch was expectations of the President, who organised it. addressed by Mr. Mackay and Mr. Shaw under There is not a part of the mainland now within the genial chainnanship of Mr. Alex. Logan of the Gaelic area that has not had the aims and Auchtertyre. Later in the evening a meeting objects of An Comunn put before it in of the Erbusaig Branch was attended. Gaelic Gaelic and English. A wide field is still before songs, speeches, and sgeulachdan concluded the the organiser, but at some time or other since second week’s programme. Mr. and Mrs. the inception of Branch forming speakers have Urquhart entertained the officials, and the preceded him. There is, unfortunately, a following morning Mr. Shaw travelled 'to Kin- great dearth of Gaelic-speaking teachers in loch Lodge, Skye, and was there the guest of Sutherland, and the language is consequently Mr. and Mrs. Duncan MacLeod, Mr. Mackay suffering, but most people are now alive to the remaining the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Urquhart. fact that there is a Gaelic clause in the Educa- On Monday (18th), they embarked on the tion Act, and we trust that in due time at least “ Gael ” at Kyle, and proceeded to Applecross, one Gaelic-speaking teacher will be placed in where they were received by Dr. MacNaughton each school. Ross and Inverness are well sup- and Mr. MacLeod, headmaster. An all-Gaelic plied in this respect, and in a few years’ time meeting was held in the School, when there was the result will be apparent. To all who a very encouraging attendance of young people. organised meetings and who made the journey Rev. Malcolm Laing, parish minister, presided,, possible and pleasant for the President and and at the close of the addresses it was unani- organiser, An Comunn gives mile taing. mously agreed to form a Branch. A Gaelic reading class is to be carried on, and lectures and debates arranged for special evenings. Gaelic is being taught in the School. Theagamh nach robh an Comunn Gaidh- A return sail by the “ Gael ” on Tuesday to ealach riamh na’s treise an eagar agus an cinn- Kyle and a very pleasant journey in the mail iuil na tha e an ceartair. A thaobh surd oibre, launch in the afternoon brought the officials to faodar a radh le firinn gu’m bheil na h-uiread Glenelg. Rev. Mr. MacTaggart presided over aige san laimh agus anabarr san t-sealladh. a good gathering in the Reading Room, and the Tha e an deidh a thaladh chuige moran a tha Branch was re-foimed, with some of the old ard am buadhan inntinn, agus, mar an ceudna, members as office-bearers. The “ Glencoe aireamh thomadach aig am bheil deagh sporain brought the officials to Mallaig the following agus cridheachan toileil. Eatorra uile, ar moraing, and in the afternoon sailed by the learn gu’m bheil ar canain dluth air a bhi am mail launch to Inverie (Knoydart). They were mach a cunnart.—Alba. AN DEO-GREINE. 25 SGEULACHD FEAR A CHOTA SHLIB- THE TALE OF THE MAN WITH THE ISTICH 1.IATHGHLAIS. SLOVENLY GREY GREEN CLOAK. Bha Fionn, le cuid eile de na Fianntan, ann Fionn was in Eirin. With him were others an Eirinn, agns chaidh © latha do’n bheinn of the Fianns. He went one day to the hunt- sheilg, 1© buidheann de’n Fheinn. Mharbh ing hill with a troop of them. They killed iad moran fhiadh, agus shuidh iad a’ leigeil an many stags, and then in order to let their sgios ann an ait© fasgach, air chill gaoithe agus fatigue pass from them, they sat them down in air aodann greine. a sheltered spot at the back of the wind and in the face of the sun. Chunnaic Fionn gu’n robh barrachd sithne Fionn saw that they had more venison than aca na b’ urrainn daibh a ghiulan dhachaidh, they could carry home, and he said, “ I do agus thubhairt e, “ B’ fhearr leam gu’n robh wish that I had someone to carry burdens.” fear giiilan eallach agam! ” Thog e a shiiil, Raising his eyes, he saw a coracle on the shore, agus chunnaic e coite air an traigh, agus fear and a stalwart mao with a loose slovenly grey mor le cota slibisteach, liath-ghlas, a’ leum green cloak jumped out of it. aisde. Thainig e far an robh Fionn, agus thubhairt He came to where Fionn was, and the King an Righ ris, “ cia an taobh as an do tharruing said to him, “ Whence hast thou come? ” thusa? ” [“ As a h-uile h-aite anns an robh mi riamh, [“ From every place in which I ever have co dhiiibh a gheabh mi as a so, gus nach been, whether I escape out of this, or no.” fhaigh.” “ Agus co thu fein 1 ”] f “ And who art thou ? ”] f “ Is gill© math mi, ag iarraidh maighstir.” “ I am a good lad, wanting a master.” “ Ciod e a’ cheaird air an fhearr thu. ” ars’ “ What trade art thou best at ? ” asked the an Rlgh. King. “ Giulan ©allachan,” ars’ an gill©. “ Carrying burdens,” said the lad. “ Is tu a’ ch©art fhear a bha dhith orm,” arsa “ Thou art the very man I want,” said Fionn. Fionn. “ Mu’n dean mi cumhnant riut,” arsa Fear “ Before I make any covenant with thee,” a’ Chota Shlibistich, Liath-Ghlais,” is fheudar said the Man of the Slovenly Grey Green Coat, dhuit a ghealltuinn dhomh gu’n cuir thu “ thou must promise that thou wilt send me' dhachaidh le onoir mi.” home with honour.” Bha an Righ toileach an cumhnant so The King was quite ready to make the ’dheanamh ris, a bharrachd air tuarasdal math covenant with him, and he gave him besides airson a sheirbhis. good wages for his services. Dh’ iarr © an sin rbp, anns an ceangladh e He then asked for a rope, in which he might an t-sithionn. Bha leth cheud fiadh ann, a tie up the venison. Fifty stags there were, bharrachd air sithionn eile. besides other game. Thug iad dha rop an deidh ropa, ach na They gave him rope after rope, but every h-uil© ropa a gheibheadh e, an uair a theann- rope he got broke when he tightened them. aicheadh e iad, [bhristeadh iad]. Mu dheireadh, thilg e air falbh na h-uil© At last he threw away every one of the ropes, ropa dhiiibh, agus thug e rop as a phdca and brought a rope out of his own packet, and fein, agus cheangail e an t-sithionn ann, agus tied the venison up in that, and then asked dh’ iarr © orra an eallach a thogail air a them to hoist the burden up on to his back for mhuin. him. Cha b’ urrainn dhaibh sin a dheanamh ; ach That they were not able to do so ; so he himself thilg e fhein thar a ghuallain e, agus dh’ flung the burden over his shoulders, and set fhalbh ©, ag radh, iad a ghreasad ’na dheidh, off, saying that they were to hasten after him, agus gu’n deasaicheadh © an dinneir dhaibh. and that he would prepare the dinner for them. Cha chumadh a h-aon aca ris an coiseachd, None of them could keep up with him in agus an uair a rainig e, dh’ fhionn © seachd walking, and when he got home he skinned feidh, agus bhruich agus dh’ ith e iad, an uair seven deer and cooked and ate them. He only polatedt The in sentencesorder to givebetween a reasonable square brackets, amount ofwhich sequence were totaken the fromconversation. another tale, were inter- 26 AN DEO-GREINE. a bha a’ chuideachd fada leis gun tighinn. § did this when he got tired of waiting for the others, who seemed to him to be a long time coming. § Dh’ fhionn e, an sin, tuilleadh de na feidh, He then skinned some more deer before the mu’n d’ thainig a’ chuid eile de na daoine; rest of the men came; he cooked the deer, and bhruich e iad, agus thug © dhaibh an dinneir. gave them their dinner. Bha e mar fhiachaibh air, a h-uile maduinn, It was incumbent upon him every morning connadh a ghiidan dachaidh, a dheasachadh to bring home a load of firewood to prepare bidh do na sealgairean, ach dh’ fhagadh aige food for the hunters, but [eventually] he was an connadh ri a ghearradh, cho maith ri a left with not only the carrying but the cutting ghiulan. Thubhairt © n a mhaighstir, aon to do as well. He [therefore] said to his latha, nach leanadh e air so a dheanamh na b’ master, one day, that he would not continue to fhaide, ach na’m biodh an connadh air a do so any longer, but that if the cutting of the ghearradh, gu’n d’ thugadh e dhachaidh e. firewood were done [by others], he would under- take the carrying of it home. Thubhairt an Righ ris, gu’m biodh sin air a The King said that that should be done for dheanamh dha. him. Na h-uile craobh a leagadh iad, chuireadh e Every tree that the others cut down, he aims an ropa, gus nach b’ urrainn aon de luchd would put in his bundle (lit., rope) until [there leannhuinn an Righ an eallach a ghluasad, ach were so many trees] that none of the King’s thog esan gun spairn, air a mhuin fein an following were able to move the burden, but he eallach, agus thug e dhachaidh i. hoisted the burden on to his own back without any effort, and took it home. Lean e mar so greis, ach bha fear de luchd For some little time he continued this prac- coimhideachd an Righ a bha fior chrosda, agus tice. There was, however, one of the King’s aig an robh farmad ris, a bha gun tamh a retinue who was very cross-grained. He was ’deanamh tair air, agus a’ deanamh culaidh- jealous of him, and was always speaking con- mhagaidh dheth. temptuously of him, and making a laughing stock of him. Dh’ fhulaing e so gu fada le faighidinn, ach He bore this for some time with patience, mu dheireadh, dh’ fhas e cho mi-mhodhail ri but at last the other became so rude on the am cuirme a bha aca, nach robh e comasach occasion of a certain feast that they had, that dha eisdeachd ris na b’ fhaide. it was impossible for him to listen to him any longer. B’e ainm an duine chrosda so, Conan. “ Mo The name of this cross-grained fellow was cheann airson do chinn,” arsa Conan ris, “ mur Conan. “ [I’ll wager] my head against ruig mi mullach Bheinn Eidir, air thoiseach thine,” said Conan to him, “ if I do not reach ort.” the top of Ben Eidir before thee.” “ Cha chuir mise mo cheann an eirig do “ I will not wager my head against thine,” chinn,” arsa Fear a’ Chota Shlibistich, Liath- said the Man of the Slovenly Grey Green Cloak, Ghlais, “ ach ma chuireas duine sam bith geall “ but if anyone will lay a wager on thy behalf, as do leth, tha mi toileach fheuchainn.” I am willing to compete with thee.” “ Cuiridh mise geall,” arsa Fionn, “ gu’m “ I will lay the wager,” said Fionn ; “ I wager buidhinn thusa.” that thou wilt win.” Dh’ fhalbh [iad] cbmhla, Conan cho luath ri They went off together, Conan as swift as the gaoith luaith mhairt, ach Fear a’ Chota swift March wind, and the Man of the Slovenly [Shlibistich, Liath] Ghlais gu socair a’ deanamh Grey Green Cloak making good going at his astair mhaith. ease. Lean an Righ agus a’ chuideachd iad, mar a The King and his company followed them b’ urrainn dhaibh, gus an do rug iad air Fear a’ as well as they were able, until they caught up Chbta [Shlibistich, Liath] Ghlais, ’na shuidhe with the Man of the [Slovenly] Grey [Green] aig taobh an rathaid mhoir. Cloak sitting by the side of the high road. “ Ciod e so e,” arsa Fionn, a ta ’gad chumail “ What is this,” said Fionn, “ what is keeping an so ? ” thee here? ” “Tha,” arsa esan, “mo bhrbg sracte, agus “ Why,” said he, “ my shoe is tom, and I can- § Very intense: the literal is “ when the company was long with him without coming. AN DEO-GREINE. 27 cha’n urrain mi dol air m’ aghaidh, gus an not go on until I mend it.” Out of his pockei cairich mi i.” Thug e minidh meirgeach as a he took a rusty awl, and he mended his shoe phoca, agus chairich e bhrog. Ghabh e, an He then pressed on, breasting the hillside, bu( sin, air aghaidh a’ direadh a’ bhruthaich. Cha he had not gone far before they found hina deach e fada, an uair a fhuair iad e a rithisd, again sitting by the side of a fresh ..water loch. ’na shuidhe aig taobh loch uisge. Ciod air an t-saoghal a ta ’gad chumail an “ What on earth is keeping thee here now?" so a nis?” arsa Fionn; “ tha eagal orm gu’n said Fionn; “ I fear I shall lose my wager.” caill mise mo gheall.” “ 0,” ars esan, “ chi mi lach air an loch, agus “ 0,” said he, “ I see a wild duck on the loch, cha’n urrainn mi dol air m’ aghaidh, gus am and forward I cannot go, until I have killed it.” marbh mi i.” Dh’ fheach iad na h-uile bogha saighead a bha They tried every bow [and] arrow that they aca, ach cha b’ urrainn dhaibh an lach a had, but they could not hit the duck. Finally chuimeasachadh. Mu dheireadh, ghabh esan he took a bit of a blunt rusty sickle that was mir de chorran maol, meirgeach, a bha ’na in his pocket, and threw it at the duck and phbca, agus thilg air an lach e, agus mharbh killed it, but not one of the dogs could bring it e i, ach cha tugadh a h-aon de na coin, air tir i. to the land. Chuir Fear a’ Chota [Shlibistich, Liath] The Man of the [Slovenly Grey] Green Cloak Ghlais dheth a aodach, agus shnamh e dh’a h- put off his clothes, swam out *o get it, anil iarraidh, agus thug e gu tir i, agus dh’ fhalbh e brought it to land. He then pressed on, but air aghaidh, ach cha [b’] fhada gus an [d] it was not long before they found him sitting ’fhuair iad e ’na shuidhe a rithist. down again. “Ciod am buaireadh a thainig ort a nis?” “ What is the distraction that has come upon arsa an Pugh ; “ caillidh mise, gun amharus, mo thee now?” said the King; “without doubt, gheall.” I shall lose my wager.” “ Tha,” ars’ esan, “ an cdta so cho fada mu “ Why,” said he, “ this cloak hangs down mo chasan, gu’m bheil e ag cur mhoille mhor * about my feet so far that it hinders me greatly, orm, agus feumaidh mi a chur an giorraid, mu’s and I must make it shorter before I can go on. urrainn mi dol air m’ aghaidh. Na’m faighinn If only I had a knife or scissors to out it! ” sgian no siosar a ghearradh e! ” Cha robh sgian no siosair aig a h-aon aca, Not one of them had a knife or scissors, but ach ruraich e a phoca fein, agus fhuair e siosar he rummaged in his own pockets, and he found leis an d’ thug e pios de’n chota. Ghabh e an a pair of scissors with which he cut a piece off sin air aghaidh pios beag, ach fhuair iad e a the cloak. Then he went on a little way, but rithist ’na shuidhe. they found him sitting down once more. “ Gun deireadh ort,” ars an High, “ gun “ May there never be an end of thee,” said teagamh sam bith, bidh an geall agamsa ri a the King. “ Without any doubt whatever, it phaidheadh.” is I who will have to pay the wager.” “ Cha’n urrainn mi dol na’s fhaide, gus am “ I cannot go any further, until I get the faigh mi am pios a thug mi bharr na casaige piece that I cut off my coat sewn on to it ’fhuaigheal rithe a rithisd.” again.” Fhuair e an sin snathad, agus snichdean \ Then he got a needle and thread, and sewed agus chuir e am pios ris a’ chota, agus dh’ the piece on to his cloak, and setting off fhalbh e gu sgairteal, agus rainig e mullach na smartly, reached the top of the hill a long way beinne, fada air thoiseach air Conan. ahead of Conan. Bha Conan ann am feirg mhoir, an uair a Conan was in great wrath when he saw that chunnaic e gu’n do bhuidhinn e an geall, aguis the other had won the bet, and struck him a thug e buille dha. Thug Fear a’ Chota blow. The Man of the Slovenly Grey Green Shlibistich Liath-Ghlais do Chonan buille na Cloak struck Conan a blow in return, and drove eirig, a thionndaidh a cheann cid air bheulaobh. his head round back foremost. An uair a chunnaic Fionn an coltas a bha air When Fionn saw the condition in which Conan, ghuidh e air, ceann Chonain a chur Conan now was, he besought the Man of the ceart, agus gu’n deanadh e ni sam bith a dh Grey Cloak to put Conan’s head right, and *+ AgIn MS.,cur mhoille snaichean. mhor orm: so in MS. AN DEO-GREINE. iarradh e air. “ Ni mi sin,” ars esan, “ ma [that if he would] he [Fionn] would do what gheallas tusa dol learn, dha’m fhaicinn ever he should ask of him. “ I will do so,” tlu dhachaidh.” other replied, “ if thou wilt promise to conn with me thyself, and see me home.” Gheall Fionn sin dha, thug Fear a’ Chota Fionn promised him that, and the Man oi [Shlibistich, Liath] Ghlais buille do Chonan air [Slovenly Grey] Green Cloak gave a blow U taobh eile a chinn, agus chuir e ceart e. Conan on the other side of his head which put it right. Theirinn iad an sin a’ bheinn, agus thubhairt Then they descended the hill, and the burden fear ghiixlan nan eallachan ri Fionn, “ tha toil carrier said to Fionn, “ I wish now to go home, agam a nis, tilleadh dhachadh, agus tha dull and I expect that thou wilt keep thy promise agam gu’n cum thusa do ghealladh rium, mo to me, to send me home in an honourable way, chur dhachaidh gu measail, agus gu’n d’ theid and come with me thyself besides.” thu fein learn.” “ Nach foghainn leat, ma chuireas mi bata, “ Will it not suffice thee, if I send a boat and agus sgioba maith leat? ” a good crew with thee? ” “ Chan fhoghainn,” ars esan, “ cha ghabh mi “ No, it will not,” said he, “ less than thyself na’s lugha na thu fein, agus duine cho will I not accept, and besides thee, I must have urramach agus a tha anns a’ chuideachd leat, another, as noble in rank as any in the band. gu mo thabhairt gu h-onorach a dh’ ionnsuidh [That is what I must have] to convey me with mo chairdean.” befitting honour to my friends.” An uair a chaidh iad do’n bhata, bha Fear a’ When they went to the boat the Man of the Chota [Shlibistich, Liath] Ghlais fior aoibheil, [Slovenly Grey] Green Cloak was very affable, agus dh’ innis e do’n Righ an t-aobhar mu’n do and told the King the reason he had asked him dh’ iarr e air dol leis, a chionn gu’n d’ fhuair e to go with him. For he managed to tell him innseadh dha nach cordadh e fein agus a aona that his only brother and • he could not and bhrathair, gus an rachadh Fionn do’n tigh aca. never would agree until Fionn should visit their home. “ Bha,” ars’ esan ri Fionn, “ m’ athair-sa ’na “ My father,” said he to Fionn, “ was a King, righ, agus airson ole eigin a rinn e, bha druidh- and for some wrong he did, enchantments were eachd air a chur oirnne a bha ri leantuinn laid on us that were to continue until thou ruinn, gus an tigeadh tusa a dh’ionnsuidh ar shouldst visit our house; so our mother and tigh; * agus smaointich ar mathair agus sinn ourselves thought of the plan which I have fein air an innleachd a chuir mise aim an carried out, in order to bring thee to our gniomh, ’gad thabhairt a dh’ ionnsuidh ar n- dwelling place.” aite comhnuidh.” * An deidh dhaibh seoladh astar mor, shaoil So they sailed so great a distance, that they iad nach ruigeadh iad an ceann uidhe idir. began to think they would never reach their journey’s end at all. An uair a thainig eilean bdidheach ann am When [at last] a beautiful island came into fradharc, “ Sin,” ars Fear a’ Chota [Shlibistich, view, “ There,” said the Man of [Slovenly Grey] Liath] Ghlais, “ an rioghachd againn,” agus an Green Cloak, “ is our Kingdom,” and when they uair a rainig iad an cladach, thainig am reached the shore, their mother came to wel- mathair gu am failteaohadh, agus thug i pbg come them, and kissed them, saying they were dhaibh, ag radh gu’m b’e am beatha, a chionn welcome, as she was certain that they would gu’n robh i cinnteach, gu’n d’ thugadh iad sith bring peace to her household. a dh’ ionnsuidh a teaghlaich. Dh’ fhas a mic a bha roimhe sin borb agus Her sons, who had been wild and fierce garg, ’nan daoine ciiiine, seimh, dreachmhor, before, became mild and gentle, and of goodly eireachdail, a’ deanamh na h-uile ni a b’urrainn mien and comely, and they, as well as their dhaibh cho maith ri am mathair, a thoileachadh mother, did everything they could to give nan aoidhean anns na h-uile caoimhneas a pleasure to the guests, and show them every nochdadh dhaibh le pailteas bidh [in MS. kindness by providing them with every kind of bedhidh] is dibhe, am feadh agus a dh’ fhan food and drink as long as they stayed. And iad, agus an uair a bha iad a ’fagail an eilein, when they were leaving the island, they sent The sentences between the asterisks have been written twice over in the MS. AN DF}0-GHEINE. 29 chuir iad leo anns a’ bhata na h-uile seorsa with them in the boat every kind of food and bidh [in MS., bedhidh], agus dibhe, cho maith drink as well as gold and silver. And as for ri or agus airgiod, agus a ’bhanrigh lan the Queen, she was full of joy at the two toilinntinn leis an da phrionnsa, a mic. princes, her sons. NOTES AND TRANSLATION.-By J. G. MACKAY, London. From the MS. Collections of the late J. F. on to his shoulder with a single effort, and not- CampbellSlibistich. of Islay,The IainMS. Ogalways He. omitsYol. X.,the No. initial 84. withstandingall the others andhis heavygets home handicap, so long out-distances before them lebistadh,”S, but writes etc. “ lesbiste, libistadh, libestadh, thatalready the cookedchampions and waitingfind their for dinner them ofwhen venison they carryFingal burdens. wishes Therevery aremuch many for tales a servant about theto come.Other stories of magic servants who resemble gratifiedfolly of undulyin a manner strong wishes,that the which wisher are neveroften the“W. one H.in thisTales,” tale II., are No.listed 38: here: IV., — p. 389, No. butthought this of,tale and constitutes very much an to exceptionhis disadvantage, to the “ Trans.216. Gael. Soc., Inverness, XXV., pp. 185, rule.Again, there are various tales in which Fingal “ Waifs248 (16thand Strays,”tale). III., pp. 17, 27. engages a servant, and promises him the condi- “ SealgGlasgow). Bheinn Eidir, (Alex. MacLaren & Son, tionshand. he asks,Thus withoutthe King taking is led due into thought trouble before- and Conan, the Thersites of the Fingalian drama, sometimes disorder, from which he only recovers spitefulis a valiant fellow, trencher-man, of biting wit, but and a alwaysquarrelsome, giving himselfBut in bythis his tale, skill the in magiconly exceptionor prowess known in arms. to as good as he gets. See Nicolson’s “ Gaelic me, the King encounters no evil, but is treated ofProverbs,” this theme pp. he 53 meets ,75, 96.his match.But in mostThe incidentversions well.The servant is always a magic one, stronger of having his head turned back foremost by a and swifter than any member of the Fingalian restoredblow from to theits servant’snormal positionfist, and byof thehaving same it band.(“ Waifs Asand in Strays,”the “ Farmer V.), he ofusually Liddesdale produces ” means, is interesting. See “ Folk Tales and a magic rope, which can be made longer and Fairy“ Superstitions,” Lore,” 222, 162,and whereRev. tutelaryJ. G. spiritsCampbell’s deal uplonger in oneas desired,big bundle until all it the is longgame enough and venison to tie out similar treatment to people who had annoyed the Fingalians have caught. None of the band No.them. 216, Seewhere also a spiteful“ W. H. person Tales,” treats IV., a p.corpse 414, canand sothe much ground,” as “ puthut windthe servantbetween swings the burden it up in the same strange way. SECRETARY’S NOTES. Dialogue last year has had the desired Bha na h-uidhir ri innseadh mu Mhod mor “ dramatic effect.” Its influence was notice- an Obain air a’ mhios so chaidh agus nach d’ able in the other oral competitions. fhagadh cuil agam airson conaltraidh. Tha fhios agam gu ’n gabh sibh mo lethsgeul agus .% * ** bidh mi beo anns an dochas nach tachair e The bazaar promoted to set the Highland rithis. Thairinn am Mod riumsa cho mhath Girls’ Club on a sound financial basis, and ri each ged nach cuala mi ach gle bheag de’n which was held in the Club Rooms, 202 Ren- cheol’s de ’n aithris, agus mur bithinn ri fair- frew Street, Glasgow, recently, realised the chluais cha chluinninn dad idir! gratifying sum of over £200. The Hon. Mrs.Mac- «• * * Lean of Ardgour performed the opening cere- The success of the Oban Mod has at once mony, and the Bishop of Glasgow presided. regained for the movement its pre-war influ- Miss Campbell of Succoth is President of the ence, and, given industrial peace and pros- Club, and Mrs. Barron, 119 N. Montrose Street, perity, we may look hopefully to the future. is Secretary. The high standard attained by choirs and solo * * * singers has placed Gaelic music in a position The Lewis and Harris Association leads with that compares favourably with that of other its Annual Gathering on the 5th, and the Glas- languages. To be in the prize-list at all is an gow Gaelic Musical Association Choir are hav- honour. ing a concert in the Christian Institute on the * * * 22nd in aid of their funds. Their recent suc- The Oral competitions at Oban, both junior cess at Oban should draw a large audience. and senior, brought forth splendid talent, and The Tiree Association hold their Annual this section of the Mod proceedings is likely to Gathering on the 26th, also in the Christian develop. The introduction of the Acted Institute. Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH, blanks, extend back almost to the first century of the Christian era—ceitainly as far back as the days of Ptolemy the Geographer, who seems THURSO BRANCH. landed at Thurso or Scrabster, where he learned The following was contributed to the “ Caith- from the local fanners their name for Holbom ness Courier ” by Mr. W. J. Edmondston Scott, Head, viz., Tarvedrum, " Bull Head.” The M.A., D.Litt., London University: — Celtic natives who styled it so were undoubtedly A business meeting of the Executive Council cattlemen with an eye for the picturesque; of the Thurso Branch of An Comunn Gaidh- those of a later age who changed it to Holborn ealach was held in the Public Library Buildings or “ Hell’s Baim ” were Vikings of the sea, on Friday, 8th October—the Rev. G. R. Mac- accustomed to regard the Head from a very lennan in the chair. The following additional different point of view. appointments were made to those previously In these days of specialisation, it is but announced, viz., Mr. Colin Maclean, Mr. George fitting that the Thurso Branch of An Comunn Stewart, and Mrs. A. J. Morrison to be mem- shold give most consideration to the literary bers of executive ; Bard to the Society—Rev. activities of the Gaels of Caithness and Suther- Dugatd MacEachern, B.D., of Bower; Piper to land, and among their Bards, Rob Bonn the Society--Mr. Gordon Asher ; Pastor—Rev. deserves to rank as the uncrowned laureate, W. D. A. Mackenzie. regardless of the higher merits of Duncan Ban Among other business it was decided to hold Macintyre, Macdonald, and others who are not a Ceilidh, or social evening, about the end of directly associated with the history of Caithness October, open to all members and friends; and in particular. The rendering of his songs will it was also hoped to celebrate in December the assuredly be a feature of the Ceilidhs, several Society’s first Grand Highland Gathering in of them being wedded to music which has made the Town Hall, a special concert committee them popular wherever the Gaelic language is being appointed to make the preliminary spoken. arrangements. Tha mi a’ creidsinn; gur e so In passing, I might venture the suggestion to a’ cheud uair a rinneadh oidheirp air obair a’ the Thurso Library Committee that the works chomuinn a thoisicheadh ’sa bhaile so, agus cha of Rob Bonn Mackay, the greatest of Reay ’n ’eil amharus sam bith gu ’n d’ theid cuis na, Bards, might well be afforded a place on the Gaidhlig air adhart le luathas is le grinneas. Library’s shelves, without prejudicing what The Society has not yet adopted a special others may regard as the prior claims of Eng- motto of its own. A bhith no gun a bhith, ’se lish ephemera, A h-uile rud ach an rud 'bu sin a’ cheist—is the problem of existence which choir. it is first called upon to solve, and much depends The Gaelic bards of Caithness belong to no on the loyalty and enthusisam of its members extinct race, but are still vigorous and flourish- to support the Executive Council and thereby ing in our midst, and the Rev. Dugald Mac- promote the chiel; objects of the Society—the Echern, Bard to the Society, is of their number. cultivation of the Gaelic language and litera- His motto is Sgriobh gu beag is sgriobh gu ture, music and art. Its membership is open math e—very different from that of the extrar to all descendants of the early Norsemen and ordinarily prolific English poet who signs him- Gael who found Caithness a green country and self “ Anon,” and to whom the Northcliffe or painted it red ; or boiled their bishops when in Harmsworth Press seems ever ready to lend a want of fat cattle. The “ Good old times ” are sympathetic ear. As an exponent of Gaelic gone for ever, and to-day both races are verse, the first Bard to the Society will be amicably united. In a few weeks’ time the found hard to excel. Besides the Bard, there Norsemen and the Gael will be marching in are other four clergy on the Executive, and the their hundreds to the local polls in order to staunch support of the clergy—cairdeas na vote “ No-License ” and remove the vestiges of cl tire—augurs well for the Society’s future, that “ red paint ’’ which “ biteth like a serpent whose infant footsteps will be guided with due and stingeth like an. adder.” regard to its growth in grace and the advance- The activities of the Thurso Branch give ment of its aspiraions and ideals. every promise of being both varied and com- It is hoped to start a Gaelic class for prehensive, and as Caithness is one of the beginners and to form, subsequently, a Gaelic richest Highland counties in historical and anti- Choir as soon as volunteers come forward to quarian lore—Gaelic, Pictish, and Norse—a join. From the abundance of musical talent large field is a,waiting exploration which the in the town, and the comparative ease with lecturers to the Society will find ample for which Gaelic pronunciation can be acquired, their needs. The written records of Thurso the formation of a band of choristers should not and its neighbourhood, save for intervening prove a herculean task, and is sure to become AN DEO-GREINE. 31 a helpful medium whereby Gaelic song and volume that deserves extensive circulation. Its poetry can best be introduced to the public. songs are of great interest, and should appeal The Secretary of the Society, Mr. W. very strongly to those who have any regard for M‘I)onald, 18 Sinclair Street, is a keen student our dear old Gaelic songs. There are 103 pages of Gaelic literature and music, well versed in pagesof Gaelic of Englishsongs withor Scottish English songs translations, with Gaelic 55 Celtic matters, and will be glad to give every translations, 12 original Gaelic songs also with assistance to inquirers and friends who are translations, and 163 pages of popular Gaelic desirous of joining the Gaelic movement in readings. These are written in that excellent Thurso. Mr. Finlay Fraser (Bank of Scot- acknowledgedand idiomatic Gaelicmaster. of whichA delightful“ Fionn ” wasGaelic an land) is Treasurer to the Society, and all who atmosphere surrounds them all. The vein of desire to become members are requested to humour that runs through them will at once communicate either with Mr. MacDonald or Mr. arrest attention. There can surely be no better Fraser as early as possible. As the annual whichcure for the the Highlander “ dumps,” is,or rightlythe melancholy or wrongly, with subscription is only 2/6, the Executive Council credited, than a blazing fire on a winter’s night, hopes to secure a large membership in order a good-going tobacco-pipe, and “ The Celtic Gar- that the work of An Comunn may be carried land ” to provoke the laughter which it is cer- on with vigour and success. taina story. to produce. “ Fionn ” knew how to weave Whilst “ Fionn’s ” original poetry is pretty bestand possessesin translation, much merit,and thishe is,is perhaps,a difficult at art.his REVIEW. theOnly difficulty. those who have“ It seemsattempted to me,” it can says appreciate Dryden, THE CELTIC GARLAND OF GAELIC SONGS, ‘ ‘ that the true reason why we have so few ver- TRANSLATIONS, AND READINGS. By sions that are tolerable, is because there are so “ Fionn.” Third edition, greatly enlarged. few who have all the talents requisite for transla- 7/6. A. Maclaren & Sons, Gaelic Pub- encouragementtion, and that therefor isso so considerablelittle praise anda part small of lishers, 360 Argyll Street, Glasgow. learning.” If the genius and character of all The death of Mr. Henry Whyte seven years languages were the same, it would be an easy ago was a serious blow to Gaelic literature and thetask caseto translate of Gaelic from lyrics, one itinto is hardanother. to transfuseBut in exponent.Gaelic music, He of was which best he known was anamong outstanding a wide the merit of the original into English, and give circle of readers throughout, the world under the tained.a complete Dictionaries transcript ofand the grammars, ideas therein after con-all, pseudonymassociated ofwith “ Fionn.”Highland As history,a gleaner traditions, of things contain but a small part of the genius of a lan- folklore, and music, he was regarded as “ primus guage.“ that thereA arelearned certain author words intruly every remarkedlanguage willinter not pares.” be easily The filled; blank at causedanyrate by a hissuccessor death which but imperfectly correspond to any of the has not as yet appeared. He was the author wordsgenius ofof theother language languages. of the Theoriginal different and jects.and compiler He produced of several “ Thevolumes Celtic on CelticGarland,” sub- translation, will often make it necessary to “ The Celtic Lyre,” “ Leabhar na Ceilidh,” todepart convey from a faithfulthe manner picture of the of theoriginal, sense.” in order Clans,”“ True Tales,”&c. Besides, “ The heMartial was a well-knownMusic of con-the tributor to Celtic magazines and newspapers successfulWe hold inthe extracting opinion thatthe pith“Fionn” of the was original most discontinuedsince the days more of thanthe “ forty Gaidheal,” years ago.a magazine Gaelic, and clothing it in English dress. Indeed, “The Celtic Garland” was first published in ifsome they of werehis English original. verses This read is so wheresmoothly merit as mgre1881, thanand thata year. edition The was second exhausted edition inappeared a little comes in, and “ Fionn ” achieved it. in 1885. The present edition is thus the third. forWe being have apatheticalready hinted as regards that Gaelsthe arebuying blamed of demandGaels—be of it publishers said with evenregret—do a second not edition usually of Gaelic books and Gaelic magazines. This is not reproachGaelic books, that howeveris easy meritorious.to remove. “This Clarsach is a muchcreditable should to thebe spentrace. onIt trashy is not Englishseemly thatstories so an Doire ” is the only collection of poetry, so whileignored. Gaelic Let writers us wipe are outbeing the comparativelyreproach by offar aas fourth we know, edition. that has“ Fionnattained ” wasto the a poetdignity of encouraging Gaelic writings and their authors. distinct merit, with a considerable endowment “ The Celtic Garland,” now offered to the pub- of the Celtic afflatus. The twelve original lic, is a delightful mine of good things, and we areGaelic marked songs byprinted true poeticin the instinctGarland and collection finish, warmly commend it to the notice of all true and continue to be very nonular. This Memorial withoutGaels. delay.Get this It improved will awaken and inenlarged you memories edition Edition,to Gaelic the literature,cream of “ wasFionn’s prepared ” contributions by his of other, and perhaps happier, days. It is not daughter, Miss A. C. Whyte, teacher, Glenetive, overephemeral again stuff.with enjoyment.It will bear toWe«wish be read itover world- and Itassisted is greatly hy Mr. enlarged Hector (353Macdougall, pages), andGlasgow. is a wide circulation. AN DEO GREINE. AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. The Shop for Gaelic Books. NEW LIFE MEMBER. Price Postage Mrs. Fraser of Leckmelm. The Celticwith Translations Garland, Gaelic & Gaelic and EnglishReadings, Songs by NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. BardHenry Bharabhais, Whyte Humorous “Fionn,” Songsnow ready, and Read- cloth 7/6 6d W. MacDonald, Esq., Thurso. ingscloth, of net, Donald Macdonald, Barvas,3 limp /6 4d GordonMrs. MacDonald, Asher, Esq., Thurso. Thurso. Sgeulaiche nan Gaol, John Macfadyen, 4/- 6d Mrs. A. Asher, Thurso. Gaelicfor Self-Taught. Beginners, with.An Introduction an imitated to pronun- Gaelic GeorgeMrs. MacLellan, Mackay, Castletown.Thurso. ciation invaluable to Learners, complete, 1 /6 3d Finlay Fraser, Thurso. An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 9d Rev.John A.MacLennan, J. Morrison, Thurso. M.A., Thurso. Bardach Leodhais, Lewis Bards, now ready, 7/6 9d Dr. John MacLellan, Thurso. FionnThe Wizard’s ann an TighGillie, a’ withBhlair Gaelic Bhuidhe, and English,3/6A Tale, 3d 6dId Rev. W.G. R.D. MacLennan,A. Mackenzie, M.A., Thurso. Thurso. Handbook for Speakers at Gaelic Meetings, - 3d Jd Mrs. MacLennan, Thurso. RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular ofGaelic Gaelic Play, Prose, -- 2/66d 4dIJd A.Miss E. ElizabethMacfarlane Fraser Stevenson, of Leckmelm. Scotstoun. Posadh Moraig, sequel to Reiteach Moraig, 6d l£d AigMacBain’s Tigh na New Beinne, Gaelic by EtymologicalMrs. Grant, just Diet., pub. 12/63/6 6d NOTICE. Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel 7/61/6 3d9d The Magazine- will be sent post free to all Delrdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 6d countries in the Postal Union for 2/- per annum. Cameron’s Highland Clearances to 1912, - 2/- 4d Single copies will be sent by post for 2d. BardachdGaelic Mission Ghaidhlig, Hymn Selected Book, Gaelic- Poetry,- - 3/61/- 2d6d Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choice Bhruis Gaelic an Eirinn, Essays, 1/-1/3 3d zine, Annual Subscriptions, Advertisements, etc, Auraicept na n’eces, Prof. Geo. Calder, 12/6 1/- should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, Secre- Minstrelsy of the Highlands, Gaelic & Eng , 4/6 6d tary, 114. West Campbell Street, Glasgow. Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d GaelicBiblesAll Pott andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN 81 SONS, 360 and 362 Apgyle Street, GLASGOW

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. HILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES,XND SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. Mackay’s Palace Hotel, J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, EDINBURGH. CHARING CROSS (neVotkl^nd) TABLEBEDROOM, D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND 5s. GLASGOW. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN D EO-GREINE Leabliar XVI.] Darna Mios a Gheamhhraidh, 1920. [Karrann 3. meanmna chumhachdach ann an bran a CLAR-INNSIDH. Gheamhraidh leis an Domhnullach, cha ’n ’©il An Geamhradh, - • e cho measail aig a mlibr shluagh is a bu chbr GaelicPrincipal Society MacAlister of Perth, on Celtic Temperament, dha. Dh’ fhaodadh gu bheil na focail a dh’ Cruinne Eolas : Alba, fhigh e an dealbh a’ Gheamhraidh ro chruaidh Secretary’sArbroath Gaelic Page, Society, a thuigsinn le cuid nach teid na’s faide na Dealbh-Chluich, leughadh luinneagan gaoil is brain abhachdach. ComunnNew Branches, News, - ■ Is mor am beud sin, oir gheibhear am bardachd SongsReview, of the Hebrides, . . . - . an Dbmhnullaich taghadh is rogha fhocail. Is A People’s Music, ann mar a leanas a tha e a’ cur fo ar comhair Oban Mod Fund, dealbh na duthoha ’sa gheamhradh : — “ Laidhidh brbn air an talamh gu leir, AN GEAMHRADH. Gu ’n aognaich na sleibhtean’s na cnuic ; Roimh thoiseach na h-ochdamh linn deug cha Grad dubhaidh caoin uachdar nam blar, bn chleachdadh leis na sean Bhaird a bhi seinn Fal-ruisgte, ’s iad faillinneach bochd.” mu thrathan na bliadhna. Tha e ooltach gu ’m b’e a bhi ’moladh euchdan nan cinn-fheadhna, “ Neulaich paircean is miodair gu bas, no bhi a’ deanamh marbhrannan, no aoirean, Thuirt gach fasach, ’s gach aite fo bhruid.” no orain-ghaoil a b’ fhaisg© air an aigne. Saoilidh mi gu bheil tuilleadh ’s a choir de’n mhiodal ri fhaicinn ’nan saothair. Is cinnteach “ Am mios cratanach, casadach lorn. nach deanadh a chaochladh an gnothuch ann Am mios nuarranta, garbh-fhrasach dorch’, an laithean anns am biodh siiil a bhaird ri duais Shneachdach, cholgarra, stoirm-shionach nach b’ urrainn a bheo-shlaint a dheanamh as bith, aonais. Air an aobhar sin cha robh a Guilidh feadain is creachainn nam beann.” shealladh-inntinn a’ sineadh a mach moran na Sheinn Eoghann Mac Lachainn mu’n gheamh- b’ fhaide na criochan a dhiithsha fein. Cho radh ann an rannan comasach. Ars’ esan : — fad ’s a ’s aithn© dhbmh sa b’e Mac Mhaighstir “ Tha aoidhealachd naduir Alasdair a’ cheud bhard a ghabh umhail de A b’ fhailtiche tuar, bhardachd a bhuineadh gu sbnruichte do Fad an.t-saoghail air caoohladh, thrathan na bliadhna. Math dh’ fhaoidte’ gu ’n ’S a h-aogasg fo ghruaim ; d’ fhuair e cothrom air saothair cuid de na Tha gluig air na diulean baird Ghallda a leughadh mu ’n chuspair seo. Le funntainn an fhuachd, Biodh sin mar a dh’ fhaodas e, cha robh e a Fo dhu-luinn trom thursach, meinn a h-aon aca an grinneas is an cumadh a Ri ciucharan truagh.” shaothair fein. Lean baird eile anns an r6d * * * seo, agus gheibh sinn ’nam bardachd cuid de Bidh mi aig amannan an cuideachd sheann na briathran a thagh esan. Ged gheibh sinn daoine mar a tha mi fhein, ged is docha leam co- 34 AN DEO-GREINE. luadar na h-6igridh na’s motha. Bidh mi mar na bu lebr de Ibn-geamhraidh aca fo ’n curam. as trice a’ sedladh an seanchais gn laitheau an Ach math dh’ fhaoidte’ gu ’n d’ fhuair am mios oige los rudeigin as fhiach fhaotainn uatha. an t-ainm seo a chionn gu’m feumteadh moran Faodaidh mi bhi cinnteach gu’n toir iad fola a dhbrtadh air son iobairtean Paganach a tarruing air a mhuthadh a thainig air crannchur bha an creideamh ag agradh. Am measg nan an bsluaigh, agns gu h-araidh air na h- Gaidheal fein tha, e mar chleachdadh le cuid gus aimsirean. ’Nam beachd bha an Sanmradh an la diugh a bha a’ marbhadh mairt (mart- na bu bhlaithe, ach an Geamhradh moran na b’ Geamhraidh mar a theirteadh) aig an Fheill fhuaire, is na bu doinionnaiche na tha e an Martuinn air son Ion geamhraidh. An diugh diugh. Bha sneachd na bu doimhne, is ’na tha prisean chruidh cho ard ’s gur dbcha gu ’n mheallan tiugh gu airde nan dorsan, air chor d’ thainig miithadh air a’ chleachdadh seo mar agus gu’m b’ fheudar spaid a ghabhail mu’m a thachair do mhbran chleachdaidhean eile. faigheadh teaghlaichean a mach chun a’ rathaid Paidhidh e na’s fearr an crodh a chur gu mhoir. Is cinnteach gu ’n do thachair a leithid margadh. ’Nar n-am tha an Gaidheal aig de shuidheachadh an drasda’s a rithist, ach ’s dealachadh nan rathaidean, agus ma tha e an aim ainmig. Gun teagamh tha cunntas againn dan da a choir dhligheach a shealbhachadh anns mu gheanxhraidhean gailbheach a rinn moran na glinn o’n deach aithrichean fhuadach le Otdla air muir is tir. Ciod is aobhar gu’m bi laimh na foimeirt, cb aig tha has nach tionnd- beachdan de ’n t-sebrsa seo mu na geamhraidh- aidh e ris a’ chuid a b’ fhearr de ’n t-seann rian, ean a dh’ fhalbh a’ gabhail greim air inntinn eadhon am. measg buaidh caithe-beatha nuadh. sheann daoine? Direach gu bheil iad ag * * * amharc air laithean an bige troimh nadur de Ma sheallas tu mu ’n cuairt air aghaidh na ghioine-mheudachaidh inntinneil a dhealbh iad diithcha aig a’ mhios mharbh chi thu cho daibh fein, agus a tha a’ cuairteachadh an ama freagarrach ’s tha an bainm, oir tha gach ni a threig le ailleachd ’s le meudachd nach buin maiseach a bha a’ sgeudachadh na talmhainn re da. Ach ma bheir dealbh-inntinn de’n t- an t-Samhraidh’s an fhoghair air tionndadh gu sedrsa seo toileachas dhaibh ’nan seann latha, coslas agus cruth a’ bhais, saor o mhucagan cb againn a mhaoidheas orra e. Is fad o ruiteach a tha fhathast a’ cur dreach finealta chualas an radh : —“ Bidh adharcain mbra air a air frith-rathadan is cuiltean laimh ri coilltean. chrodh a tha. fad as.”* * * A nis tha na nebil air an luchdachadh le sneachd B’e am mios dubh no toiseach a,’ gheamh- is uisge no le cloich-mheallain. Air uairibh raidh, a theireadh na sean Ghaidheil, ids a’ chi thu iad ’nan deann ’san iarmailt a’ ruith mar mhios a tha nis air dol seachad, ged bha e ’na spioradan ciontach roimh ’n ghaoith, mar gu radh ’nam measg nach tigeadh geamhradh gu robh iad air seacharan, air uairibh eile air an ciil Calluinne. Ghoiideadh an trSamhainn ris strbiceadh ’nan luideagan is air a, sgiursadh le a’ cheud la an deidh oidhche Shamhna, agus gaillinn an ear no’n iar air feadh an adhair. fhuair an la ceudna an t-ainm La nan Naoimh Tha a’ ghaoth rebthta gheur a sgapadh na dh’ uile o’n t-sean Eaglais mar chuimhneachan air fhag am foghar de dhuilleach air na craobhau, an am anns an deach an aitreamh mhor Phag- agus a’ sea.rgadh gach luibhe. Tuitidh iad gu anach anns an Rbimh, do’m b’ ainm am lar le guin an liath-reothaidh, oir theirig an Pantheon, a choisrigeadh leis a Phap air son sugh-talmhainn. Teamaidh e troimh fheithean aoradh Criosdail. B’e an dara la La nam nan geugan sios gus am freumh, mar a thuirt Mai-bh. ’Nar linn fein is e an t-aona la deug am bard : — La Fheill Martuinn, ach b’e an treas la thar “ Teichidh snothach gu freamhach nan crann fhichead an fc-sean Fheill Martuinn a reir modh Siiighidh glaoghan an siigh-bheath’ a steach.” cunntais nan Gaidheal; an la mu dheireadh de Fa dhebidh theid an cbmhdach le duilleagan ’n mhios la Fheill Aindreis. Thatar a’ meas an seargt-a nan craobh a ruagas a’ ghaoth orra mar Naomh Aindrea mar nadur de fhear-taice do bhrat adhlacaidh glis an tig am na h-aiseirigh Albainn mar tha na h-Eireannaioh a’ meas an as trEarrach. Mu thachras gu faicear blathan Naomh Padruig, agus bidh a.’ chuideachd ris an aonai-anach fhathast nach do gheill do ’n abrar na clachairean sacra a.’ cumail cuirme ghaillinn, bidh a cheann crom mar fhear-caoidh mar urram da, gu h-araidh an tirean cein. a’ tuireadh ri taobh uaighe, agus mar gu’m Thug na Sasunnaich da ainm air a’ mhios biodh e a’ sireadh air a mhathair thalmhaidh dubh—am mios gaothach, an uair a b’fheudar aite a dheanamh dha ’na h-uchd cbmhla Fa gach birlinn a shlaodadh suas gu braigh nan chompanaich. An ann fhacal tha a h-uile ni cladaichean mu’n sgriosadh an doinionn iad, air crionadh agus a’ nochdadh gu soilleir gu agus am mios fuilteach a chionn gu’m b’ bheil deireadh na bliadhna am fagus, agus nach abhaist daibh a bhi a’ marbhadh mbran spreidhe ruigear a leas diiil a bhi againn ach ri fuachd is a chum an fhebil a shailleadh los gu’m biodh reothadh. Ged shearg lusan, is pliiranan, is AN DEO-GREINE. 35 duilleiich gu lar, chithear aig toiseaoh a’ mhios shabhaileas i o eis re a’ gheamhraidh. Chunnt- seo raineach air dhath an oir air iomadh learg adh ’na, sgiobul cbrr is cbig ceud cnb. Co is leitir mointich, agns mar an oeudna le chreideadh gu slaodadh creutair cho meanbh a dearcagan is mucagan Ian abuich mar gu ’m leithid de stbr do a toll-cbmhnuidh ? biodh iad a’ toirt diibhlan, do na siantan a chuireas as daibh air a’ cheann mu dheireadh. Ebgraidh gaillionn a’ gheamhraidh na h-ebin bheaga nach deach air imrich gu tirean na’s Do ’n neach a tha tixrail tha a theagasg fein blaithe gu frbgan is cbsan far an caidil iad, fillte ann an trathan na bliadhna, agus gu h- agus far nach meilichear iad le fuachd. Is araidh ann an cleachdaidhean nan ainmhidhean gann gu’n cluinnear big mur tachair gu’m bi la beaga do nach gabh daoine anns a’ choitch- grianach ann a thalaidheas a mach iad gu eantas moran umhail. Beachdaioh cho geugan lomnochd, no gu spriiileach air chor- saoithreach ’sa tha iad an am an fhoghair a’ eigin mu thimchioll nan dorsan. Bidh fadachd camadh suas loin is ’ga fhalaoh anns na tuill, oirnn uile gus an tig an bam ’s an oluinn sin no fo bhruachan, mu ’n tig fuachd is reothadh. an ceilearadh a b’ abhaist a bhi a’ our aoibhneis Seall air an bseiilean. Nach glic e a’ trusadh oirnn mu dheireadh an earraich, is toiseach an meala am measg nam blathan lurach fa/1 an t- bsamhraidh. Samhraidh—fior shamhla air dichioll. Cha’n eagal da ’na sheomar geamhraidh is barrachd’s na dh’ fhoghnas da aige de mhil. Cha d’ fhuair GAELIC SOCIETY OF PERTH ar daoine glice a maoh fhathast run diomhair an aomaidh nadurra a tha an gne nan creut- ENTHUSIASTIC OAELIC QATHERINQ. airean beaga gu bhi a’ dfeanamh ullachaidh a chum iad fein a dhion o’n acras. Gabh beachd The annual gathering of the Gaelic Society air an fheoraig—creutair cho bbidheach ’s a of Perth, held last month in the City Hall, shuidh air meanglan craoibhe. Cha ’n ’eil was a notable one. The building was filled to neach a ni faire oirre is i a’ cluich’s a’ mireadh its utmost capacity. Mr. Donald Sutherland, le a h-al air la blath grianach, nach gabh tlaehd M.A., Chief of the Society, occupied the chair. dhi. Ach tha i cho sgaoimeach ’na gne’s naoh In accordance with the fitness of things on such ’eil e soirbh faighinn faisg oirre. Is flor dheagh an occasion, he was arrayed in the Highland bhean-tighe i. Tha barrachd is aon tigh-bidh garb. Among those on the platform were aice a chum stbras geamhraidh a thaisgeadh. Lady Helen Tod; Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, An uair a dh’ fhairicheas i a liiths ’ga fagail leis President of An Comunn Gaidhealach; Lord an fhuachd, theid i do’n ionad a dh’ ullaich i Provost Wotherspoon: J. Smart, Rector of ann an gobhal sean chraoibh far an do the Academy; Rev. D. Lamont, Blair-Atholl; chruinnich i cbinneach is duilleach. Suidhidh Mr. D. A. Todd, Dunkeld ; Mrs. Clerk-Rattray; i ’na cnapan cruinn is tuitidh i ’na leth-chadal Mr. Archibald Stewart, Atholl and Rreadalbane fad na gaillinn, mur dealraich plathadh blath Association, Glasgow. greine faisg air a dorus. Bheir sin oirre Chief Sutherland, in his opening remarks, sealltainn a mach gu beachd a gabhail air an referred .to “ this magnificent gathering of the t-side. Mur cord an gnothuch rithe ruithidh i people of Perth. The Gaelic Society seeks to a steach agus bheir i suil air a’ bhrig-chno. preserve the language, literature, music, dress, Cluinnidh tu cnag, cnag, onag, car tiotain mu and customs of the Highlands, and in so doing ’n tig diisal oirre. Theid a’ ghraineag ’na it is conferring a distinct benefit on Scotland suain na’s truime na’n fheorag, ged gheibhear and the Empire. The chief virtues of the i aig amannan a’ burach aig bun nan callaidean Highlanders are love of home, hospitality, mu mharbh na h-oidhche. Math dh’ fhaoidte’ loyalty, sensibility, and idealism. These gu ’n do theirig a stbras bidh. Am fac thu virtues they have passed on to the other riamh an dallag ’na nead geamhraidh air a peoples of the Empire until they now may be cuairsgeigeach mar cheirsle, ’s a h-earbull regarded as national as well as racial.” toinnte mu ceann gu ciil a h-amhaich, mu’n cur Lady Helen Tod, the Chieftainess of the cion luis ’na eadal i? Tha ’n toll a rinn ise Association, was received with warm applause dhi fein lan de gach biadh is toigh leatha na on rising to address the meeting not only in cheile. Mar sin tha i deas mu choinneibh a English, but also in the dear old language of gheamhraidh. Ach’s i an luchag-fhebir a tha the Gael. She said : —As the Chieftainess of ’toirt barr air na h-ainmhidhean seo uile a the Gaelic Society, I am very pleased to be with thaobh an ullachaidh a tha i a deanamh eagal is you to-night and amongst my good Highland gu’n teirig a biadh. Tha an tigh-tasgaidh friends in Perth, for Highlanders are warm- aice-se Ian de chnothan is de dhiasan coirce a hearted, and they always enjoy coming 36 AN DEO-GREINE. together. I hope you will all enjoy the con- a distinct body of valuable literature in prose cert, and that we shall have many pleasant and poetry. Highland music was also a power meetings of the same kind in the future. One to conjure with, as could be witnessed from the reason why I am so fond of Gaelic and of all enjoyment given at that concert, and it would things Highland is that I could talk Gaelic greatly help on the Gaelic movement. The before I could speak English. While I have next Gaelic Mod would be in Glasgow. He the opportunity of speaking to you to-night, I would move in the Comunn that the 1922 Mod should like to make an appeal to the Gaelic- should be at Inverness, and he hoped the 1923 speaking people among you to encourage your Mod would be at Perth. children to speak Gaelic at home. Home Mr Archibald Stewart, Atholl and Breadal- training is even better than any instruction bane Association (a younger brother of two they can get at school. If only Gaelic-speaking former chiefs of the Society) also spoke, and children were taught Gaelic before English, expressed his pleasure at seeing the present they would never forget the language, and they chief arrayed in the Highland garb. Lord would benefit more by school instruction after- Provost Wotherspoon and the Rev. E. R. wards. I should like to see the subject of Landreth also gave short addresses. The pro- Gaelic more frequently taught. Many who are gramme that followed consisted of pipe and not Gaelic speakers themselves are lovers of violin music; also, Gaelic solos, as well as Highland music, and I am sure we shall all recitations. All were agreed that it was one enjoy the Gaelic singing. Agus a nis, a of the best ever submitted to a Gaelic concert chairdean, bu mhaith learn facal no dha a radh in Perth. Among those who contributed to ribh, ann an cainnt ar duthcha, agus gu de am the programme was Mr. A. S. Robertson, Aber- facal is fearr na so—Leanaibh dluth ri cliu ’ur feldy, who was successful at the Edinburgh sinnsre. Tha mi ro thoilichte a bhi leibh an Mod, and who is developing into a fine Gaelic nochd agus am measg mo chairdean ann am vocalist. More will be heard of Mr. Robert- Peairt, agus tha mi an dochas, gu’m bi oidhche son if he perseveres. shona agaibh uile ag eisdeachd ri orain mhatha [It is indeed a gr eat pleasure to record the Ghaidhlig. Cha ’n abair mi an cbrr ach mu progress made by the Gaelic Society of Perth ’n suidh mi, bu mhaith leam iarraidh oirbh uile, on behalf of our language with its music and saoghal fada a ghuidhe do’n Ghaidhlig agus literature, and we congratulate the members on soirbheachadh maith do Thir nam Beann nan their loyalty—doubtless the fruit of work Gleann ’s nan Gaisgeach. accomplished in previous years. Many other Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, the President societies throughout our land are also doing of An Comunn Gaidhealach, spoke at a late part excellent work in their own quiet, but none the of the evening, and possibly the best part, for less effective way. More power to them all. the audience by that time, had developed true Though much had been said and written on Celtic enthusiasm. His references to the teach- what was described as the Celtic Renaissance ing of Gaelic in schools in Gaelic-speaking areas many years ago, when the omens did not look in Scotland were received with great applause. by any means favourable, it must be admitted He said that he had just returned from a mis- that the real Renaissance is with us now when sionary tour in the north of Caithness and people have got past the sneering stage, and Sutherland, where he had been advocating the have begun to realise that the loss of a language claims of Gaelic. He had found there a much to any nation is nothing short of a calamity. more spacious atmosphere than had been What greater misfortune could happen to a custoinary in former years. He found that people ..an the obliteration of its soul-index— the 1918 Education Act had done much good. their language? The new Education Act, with Capable men were at the head of affairs, and all the sins credited to it has given a distinct the teachers evetywhere were friendly to the filip to our movement, and Education Authori- Gaelic cause. One of the great difficulties was ties are not unfriendly to the claims of Gaelic the want of Gaelic-speaking teachers, but he in schools. The trend of things is apparently was hopeful now that there would be an in the right direction, and it is for every Gaelic improvement, as salaries had increased and Society throughout G aeldom to lend its aid to Education Authorities in the north found it to that stream of tendency, so that it may grow in be worth while to retain the good men they volume and in power, and that the Gael may had. In the education of the young there now come into the inheritance that he well-nigh were two things to be regarded as of supreme lost through his own apathy and the cold importance, and these were to instil into them indifference of those in authority to his rightful pride of race and pride of language. Gaelic claims. The “ Fiann ” have been on their literature was not of such volume as the litera- elbows (as the old saying puts it) for many cen- tures of Greece and Rome, but still there was turies, and they are awaiting the third blast AN DEO-GREINE. SI of the horn so that they may be enabled to get merely material wellbeing; and an innate sense on their legs and go forth to conquer, not in of the poignant beauty of yearning woe—are the bloody manner of an earlier world, but in strangely characteristic also of the Slav races. those virtues which make for peace, progress, The dramatic manifestations of this community and concord, and by aid of that idealism of spirit, of psychological constitution, in two inherent in the Celtic character which the world peoples so diverse as the Irish and the Russians, has tardily recognised as a valuable asset, and are perplexing the Western world to-day. . an antidote to the growing materialism of our Roots and Fruits. age. Amid, the turmoil of land settlement, Literary England, during the past generation small holdings, and reconstruction, can we say or two, has pleased itself by patronising fitfully that the third blast of the horn has sounded in the, literary expression both of the Celtic and 1918? Or that Gaelic has got round the most of the Slavonic genius. It has acknowledged dangerous promontory and settled in calm their exotic charm, if it has failed to fathom waters? Time will tell.] their sources, or to apprehend that the mode and mood of the literature were but the flowers from the very roots of national life, both in Ire- PRINCIPAL MACALISTER ON CELTIC land and in Russia. From these roots all the TEMPERAMENT. other outgrowths spring; and by him who knows the roots the fruits can be foretold. In an address to the Gaelic Society of Perth, Political England has denied itself the needful Sir Donald MacAlister, K.C.B., Principal and knowledge, and the fruits accordingly astonish Vice-Chancellor of the University of Glasgow, and sometimes appal it. Without vision—on draws an interesting comparison between the the part of their rulers—the people perish ; the temperament of the Irish and the Russian tragedy of Britain’s handling of Ireland, as of people The address, entitled, “ A Note on Russia, to-day is the outcome of her lack of Gael and Russian,” was read by Rector Smart, insight and of sympathy in the case of races of Perth Academy. Principal MacAlister says : -— a different mental texture and pattern from her There is much in the Celtic temperament own. So much I have set down, not as desiring which puzzles and frets the ordinary Anglo- to trench on debatable ground, but only to Norman Englishman. Material comfort does bring out, by instances that will come home not content the Gael or the Irishman, as by to everyone, the curious analogy between Slav English “ common sense ” it ought to do. The and Celtic ways of thinking and action. They Celt is haunted by a divine discontent, for his show themselves in literature on the one hand goal is always an ideal beyond reach; so to the and in national history on the other. Feeling Englishman he is “ unpractical ” and “ absurd.” and sentiment are with both more potent “ Pat doesn’t know what he wants, and won’t motives than argument or calculation. The be happy till he gets it ”—such is the epigram- unattainable is more alluring than the actual. matic verdict of the Saxon on the aspirations of Practical good, solid bodily wellbeing, they are Ireland, and he turns impatiently from the ready to sacrifice for a far-off divine event that effort to understand or to meet them. So like- they may never witness. Loving and longing, wise Southern politicians and philanthropists it may be without fruition and without hope, have sought to benefit the Highlands by uproot- are to both races things winsome in them- ing “ useless Gaelic ” and “ uneconomic land selves, things to sing of, to muse on, to suffer tenures ”; and they are disgusted by the for. They take comfort in mourning. They “ ingratitude ” of the Highlanders, who in spite prefer the struggle to the prize. They would of “ common sense ” and “ enlightened self- rather travel than arrive. They are more interest,” persist in clinging to their speech and swayed by sympathy than by logic. If they to their soil. The Celt is not merely “ discon- could but communicate they would understand tented ” ; he finds a certain wistful joy in the each other intuitively, for they have the same luxury of sorrow. The dirge and the elegy bias and trend in things of the spirit, the same are among the standard forms of his poetry. idiom of the heart and the affections. And for For ages the wild and weird in nature, the that very reason they will always be alien and heart-breaking and tragic in human life, have unintelligible to the Anglo-Saxon, and he will been the stuff of his sweetest songs. The never make himself or his policy clear to them. Saxon sees in this nothing but “ Celtic gloom ” ; Imagination and sympathy are to them primary and to him, matter-of-fact, well-fed, and Philis- human necessities; he postpones these to such tine to the core, such artistic indulgence in ends as character, order, efficiency, weialth, melancholy is merely “ morbid.” These two power. The Celt in Gaeldom, the Slav in traits—a longing for the ideal, unsatisfied by Russia, deems these secondary at best, and will 38 AN DEO-GREINE. not buy thorn at th© price of relinquishing his mar a tha Sranraighair. Tha bataichean- ideal dreams or his brooding and yeaming over smiiid a’ ruith gach la eadar am baile agus things loved and lost. Eirinn. Bithidh moran a’ toirt sgriob do If it were profitable to do it here, I could Bhaile Ur Stiuhhairt a shireadh slainte. illustrate by quotations from Russian and Gaelic poetry the curious kinship in mood and 27.--S. Air. expression I have indicated. Translations Tha Siorramachd Air ri cois cladaich Linne would be but imperfectly serviceable, for the Chluaidh. Tha i ainmeil air son tuathanais, idiomatic phrases and turns of the originals are agus tha an sebrsa cruidh ris an canar Ayr- needed to bring out the parallelism. Some shire s iomraiteach mar chrodh-bainne, agus tha day I may bring together and publish the am bainne math gu caise agus im. Tha textual examples I have come upon in my read- buntata-luathaireach agus cruithneachd ’nan ing—they can appeal of course only to those toradh trom air an iosal. Air na monaidhean who have some knowledge of the two languages. tha caoraich air an arach. Tha mucan agus Take in the meantime these verses, literally eich air an togail air feadh na siorramachd. rendered from Apukhtin, and judge if they could Tha meinean guail is iaruinn air an oibreach- not be transferred to Gaelic, and to Ireland or adh. Tha figheadh cloimhe, deanamh stuth- the Hebrides, without loss of fitness or spreidhidh, cartadh leathrach, deanamh bhrog, point: — agus oibreachadh iaruinn air an cur air adhart gu buanachdail. Spring is abroad, and the sowers are sowing, Tha Air, ceann bhaile na siorramachd dripeil Flowers are crooning a strain; mar bhaile-puirt, a’ deanamh clodh is bhrat- Once more I hear the refrains of my homeland, lair. Tha Uilleam Ualas, Rob Brus agus Rob Waking my heart to its pain. Burns air chuimhne an comh-cheangail ris a’ Stay! they awake more than heartaching bhaile so. Is e Cillmhdrnaig am baile as mo. sorrow, A chionn gu bheil e air raon-guail, tha oibrich- Bom of the burden of wrong; ean iaruinn, deanamh clodh agus bhratdair am Surely I catch a new note that is swelling measg oibrichean mora a bhaile. Tha Irbhin, Loud in the lilt of the song. Trun, agus Ardrossan a’ cur moran guail a mach as an t-siorramachd; tha obair salainn Sad is the air, but the voices are bolder, am Bade an t-Salainn. Is aim an Ardrossan Strong with the strength of the young ; a tha mdran, de iarunn coin agus tarsunnanan Ages of torment have moulded the measure fiodha air son nan rathadan-iaruinn ghad a’ They and their fathers have sung. tighinn air tir. Russia beloved, though thy woes have undone 28.—S. Raon-friutha. thee, Tha Siorramachd Raon-friutha, air taobh Land of the wronged though thou be; deas Abhainn Chluaidh, cbmhnard amis an Aird Yet I have faith that thy fields yet- shall echo an Ear agus cnoeach aims an lar agus aig Songs of the ransomed and free. Deas. Tha mu dha thrian air aiteach, agus —Glasgow Herald. is iad bliochd-thuathanas agus arach mhuc as ainmeile de thoradh na talmhann, ach tha moran arbhair agus spreidhe de gach sebrsa air an CRUINNE-EOLAS: ALBA togail. Tha meinean iaruinn, guail agus clach- ola a’ toirt cosnaidh do mhoran sluaigh; agus Le D. Urchadan. tha bearboibraichean a’ deanamh snatha, cotain, cungaidhean, agus bhearbealainn. Tha 26.—S. Uigton. na bailtean cladaich a’ togail shoithichean, agus Tha an t-siorrachd so, an oisinn lar-Dheas tha Grlanaig iomraiteach air son siiicair. Tha Alba, beannfaeh, gleannach, macharach mar ceann-bhaile na siorramachd, Raon-friutha, a’ tha a’ Ghaidhealtach. Eadar an Gaol Tuath deanamh shoithichean (longan) agus coireachan- agus Loch Ruighean is Camus Lus tha na smiiid agus a’ sniomh cotain. Is ann am Rinnean ’nan, diithaich cruidh is chaorach. Tha Pasailig tha na muillean snatha as mb tha air na Machraichean eadar Camus Lus agus Camus an t-saoghal. Am measg oibrichean eile Uig. Tha monaidhean an ceann Tuath na gheibhear deanamh innealan-smuid, guaill- Siorrachd. Tha mu leth Siorraehd Uig fo eachanan, siaban agus cungaidhean. Tha bharr, gu h-araidh coiree, ach is iad arach Grianaig ’na bhaile-puirt mbr anns a bheil cruidh is chaorach agus bhliochd (im is caise) na longan air an togail. Rugadh Seumas Mac- h-oibrichean as ainmeile. Bhaididh anns a’ bhaile so. Ana Port- Tha an ceann-bhaile Uig-ton ’na bhaile puirt, Ghlasch u air Cluaidh thatar a’ togail shoithich- AN DEO-GREINE. 39 ean. Tha iarunn, cotan is paipeir air an a perfect mine of information for the students ; oibreachadh am Bail-lain (Johnstone). Tha and (3) that it was their own language, as Barrhead a’ dath aodaich agus a’ figheadh evidenced by the fact that it was the very cotain. Tha Gourock ’na cheann-uidhe oig essence of Scottish place-names. That night muinntir a bhios air forlach. he would like to enlarge on the third of these points, confining himself to place-names in For- farshire. The great mass of people used place- names every day without once wondering how the names originated. They would hear the ARBROATH GAELIC SOCIETY view expressed that Forfarshire had always been an English-speaking county and had had nothing to do with the Gaelic. If that were A SUCCESSFUL CEILIDH. the case how were they to account for some 80 per cent, of its place-names being Gaelic? The members of the Arbroath Gaelic Society, Gaelic, and in fact all Celtic place-names, were together with a few friends, met lately in a descriptive of the locality, or of some historical social capacity under the chairmanship of Mi'. or traditional event or person connected there- Carleton R. S. Malcolm, president. The pro- with, and because of that the study became ceedings were opened in characteristic fashion more interesting the more it was pursued. by a “ gathering ” played on the pipes by Mr. Mr. Malcolm proceeded to give a very interest- James Begg, hon. piper to the Society, after ing selection of the Gaelic place-names in the which the company sat down to supper. district, and concluded by stating that it would The President addressed the company in be readily seen from the examples given that Gaelic. Continuing in English, he said as a Forfarshire was by no means English, but was Society they had been in existence for nine instead intensely Gaelic. To the Gaelic years, and although the great war came to student, Scotland became a new country, and retard progress, they had not remained the names of its bens and glens, its rivers and stationary all the time, either in their Celtic lochs, its towns and villages, constituted a pre- outlook or in numbers. In fact, they had 18 viously unopened and intensely interesting members in their Gaelic class this year. There volume. were signs that the Feinne were awaking from their reveries of the last two centuries, and A lengthy programme of dance, song, and were moving their arms, so to speak, to get the music was opened by the choir, which sang the stiffness out of them so that they might be rallying song, “ Ri Guaillibh a Cheile.” Miss ready to leap to their feet when the spirit of Lindsay contributed “ Turn ye to me ” very Scotland blew the third blast on the fairy horn. tastefully. Mr. William Chalmers did full Then Scotland would be a sovereign nation, justice to “ Macgregor’s Gathering,” and later once more free to attend to her own affairs and sang “ The Star of Robbie Burns ” and “ My to develop along her own Celtic way—a power Sweetheart when a boy.” “ Ho ro, mo nighean for good among the peoples of the world. He donn bhoidheach,” by Miss Chrissie M'Kay; extended a very cordial welcome to the “ Mo Chailin dileas donn,” by Mrs. Yeoman ; strangers present, and hoped that they would “ 0, Rowan Tree,” by Mrs. Bennett; “ Bha mi enjoy themselves so much among the “ bar- ’n raoir an coille chaoil,” by Mr. C. R. S. Mal- barians ” that they would be looking forward to colm ; and “ Caidil gu lo,” by Mrs. Malcolm, the next ceilidh. The ceilidh was not the only were greatly appreciated, as were also the three form of entertainment which they intended to part-songs by the ladies, “ An Coineachan ” (a have during the winter. It had been decided fairy lullaby), and “ Mac 6g an iarla ruaidh.” to hold a course of lectures on Celtic Bagpipe selections were played by Mr. James subjects once a month beginning in October or Begg during the evening, and Miss Chalmers November, and when Spring came these lec- contributed the Highland Fling. tures would be succeeded by rambles to various Before the proceedings closed with the sing- places of historical interest within easy reach ing of “ Auld Lang Syne,” Mr. Wm. Malcolm, of Arbroath. On these rambles the Gaelic vice-president, in moving a vote of thanks to all name of the common objects of the countryside who had contributed to the pronounced success would be given, and in that way the ramblers’ of the ceilidh, gave expression to the indebted- Gaelic vocabulary would be considerably ness of the members to their president for his increased by the end of the summer. At their untiring labours in the Gaelic cause, as teacher last ceilidh he had put forward a plea for of the Gaelic class, president of the Comunn, Gaelic on the following grounds:—(1) That choir conductor, and head of the movement Gaelic was of commercial use; (2) that it was generally in Arbroath. 40 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY’S PAGE. of Duncan Ban MacIntyre, Alexander Mac- donald, Dugald Buchanan, Rob Donn, and Chaidh coinneamh a ghaiim o cheann William Ross, the essayist delighted her ghoirid de bhuill na h-Ard Chomhairle aig am hearers with a clever outline of their histories bheil an cbmhnuidh an Glascho agus sbeidhioh- and selections from their works. eadh Comhairle lonadail a’ Mhoid. Le debin na coinneimh ghabh Mgr. Calum MacLebid Highland Gatherings in the city are being dreuchd fear cathrach agus bidh Mgr. Mac- well attended, the Lewis and Harris Annual Pharlain agus mi fhein a’ toirt aire do’n being particularly well patronised. The ionmhas agus do’n chleirsinneachd. Shbnraich- “ G.G.” Choir conceit in aid of their funds was eadh, aig an am, am Mod a chumail air an t- also well attended despite the heavy fog. The seachdain mu dheireadh de’n t-Sultuine. Choral and Solo singing was reminiscent of the Oban Mod, and the audience heartily encored Vice-President H. F. Campbell has been each item. The Mod Prize dialogue, “ An Gille appointed Convener of the Church of Scot- Sin,” was inimitably reproduced by Mrs. Coutts land Sub-Committee on Highland Education. and Mr. J. M. Bannerman. Mi-. MacCulloch The Sub-Committee is taking up the question has scored another success. Forthcoming of providing facilities to enable lay missionaries gatherings are the Glasgow Skye (3rd Decem- of the Church to attend the Summer Course ber) and the Jura ‘(10th December). (four weeks) at Inverness, 1921. Naturally, the question of religious education in the High- It is with deep regret that I record the death lands is also engaging the attention of the Sub- of Mr. John Macphail, Rothesay, secretary of Committee. the Bute Branch of An Comunn, which took place suddenly at his home on 23rd November. The Blackie Prize in Celtic in Edinburgh Mr. Macphail had been connected with the University has been divided between Mr. Mal- Bute Branch for twelve years, and contributed colm MacLean, Harris, and Mr. John Mac- Gaelic essays on several occasions, his paper on hines, Glendale, Skye. Both gentlemen Holy Wells being veiy fine. He was well read served in the Great War—Mi-. MacLean attain- in Gaelic and English literature, and, per- ing the rank of Captain, and Mr. Machines sonally, was of a kindly and amiable disposi- that of Lieutenant. The Blackie Prize amounts tion. He was a worthy son of He Ghorm an to about £90. Fheoir, and the sympathy of a wide circle of friends is extended to his widow and young The late Mi-. John MacDiarmid, whose death family. I noted in the August number, has, as a token of endearment for his native district, left £100 The Editor of An Deo Greine delivered a to the united parishes of Blair-Atholl and lecture to the Rothesay Branch of An Comunn Struan, the sum to be invested and the interest on the evening of the 19th November. His applied in providing prizes in the various subject was “ Reminiscences of Education in a schools in these parishes for the scholars most Skye School in my Youth.” Captain Kennedy proficient in the Gaelic language. was in the chair, and there was a good attend- ance of members. Gaelic solos were contri- Encouraging reports are being received from buted in the course of the evening. This secretaries of the newly-formed Branches in the Branch continues to be in a flourishing North. Melvich, Bettyhill, Scourie, and condition. Lochinver have started Gaelic Reading Classes, The Editor reports that some of the Gaelic and the Committee at Ullapool are hopeful of Readers are now in the hands of the publishers, forming a Music Class of 30 adults and 40 Messrs. Blackie & Sons, Glasgow. The con- children. Music Classes in Skye are urgently tents of the entire set are now ready, and the called for to prepare competitors for the local Readers should be on the market by the sum- Mods. mer season, if not before that. The illustrar tions are to be in black and white, but the At a recent meeting of the Minerva Club, a frontispiece is to have a coloured illustration. ladies’ literary gathering on the South-Side of Originally it was intended that all the illustra- Glasgow, a paper on “ Modern Gaelic Poetry ” tions should be coloured, but the expense was read by Mrs. Gilfillan. Taking the 18th involved was too great. century, that period rich in the great names Niall. £N DEO-GREINE. 41 DEALBH CHLUICM. fhagail cho leathann’s cho tana ri greideil. ’S (Le Iain MacCokmaig.) ann a bheireadh iad am chuimhne am piobaire bha ’san uaimh a’ cluich “ Mo Dhith; Mo MOD 1914 —A’ CHEUD DUAIS. Dhith ! ’S mi gun tri lamhan : da lainih ’sa phiob is lamh ’sa chlaidheamh.” AM FIONN SQEUL FEARTACH. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—A chiall; a’ chiall! ’S ann a tha thu cur uamhais orm; agus mur an Na Pearsachan. tig telegram bho Pheigi mu’n luigh sinn, cha duin mi siiil an nochd. Nuair a bha mise an An Greusaich. Bean a’ Ghreusaich. Glascho mu dheireadh ’s e eich a bha’s na Iain Buadh. Nighean a’ Ghreusaicli. carbadan sin. Dughall Saor. Curstan Mhor. An Greusaich—Ho ho ! Chaidh i bhuaithe Balaoh, Nigheanan is Gillean. sin, a bhean. Tha Glascho ag atharrachadh Bea-n-an-Tighe eile, is Fear-an-Tighe. cho trie ri aodaichean 11am ban. Cha ’n fhada Dealbh I. gus an toir thu tasdan air sealladh de each an . An t-ionad—Tigh a’ Ghregsaich. Glascho. (An Greusaich a’ oaradh bhrog agus a bhean Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Stad ! Tha ceum coise a’ figheadh stocainn.) ’n so. Tha mi’n dochas gur h-e cuideiginn le Bean a’ Ghreusaich—An da tha ghaoth air telegram a th’ ann. tuiteam gu mor, a dhuine; ’s ma bhios Peigi (Thig Iain Ruadh agus Dughall Saor a steach.) bheag air a’ “ Chlaidheamh Mhor ” an nochd Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Thigibh a steach, gheibh i oidhche chiatach—direach oidhche fheara ; agus gu’m meal sibh ur naidheachd. chiatach. Cha robh a h-aon agaibh rathad a’ bhaile? An Greusaich—Tha ionghnadh orm nach do Iain Ruadh—Cha robh. Ach tha feadhainn chuir i telegram ged tha. shuas. Bean a’Ghreusaich—U! Cha’n’eil e thar Dughall Saor—Tha Mac Iain Chiobair shuas an ama fathast; ’s ma thainig fios bithidh co-dhiiibh. cuideiginu aig baile bheir a nuas i. Bithidh An Greusaich—Ma tha, ni sin an gnothuch. an “ Claidheamh Mor ” a steach gle thrath am Tha fiughair ri fios o Pheigi. ’S ma thig fios maireach, is feumar a coinneachadh, fios a thainig e nis. Nach ’eil e gu h-ochd ? thighinn no gun tighinn. Dh’ fhagadh ise a Dughall Saor (a’ toirt am mach an uair- tigh-cosnaidh an diugh mar a thuirt i ’san eadair)—Tha e direach air na criochan: Ciiig litir—’s ciod e chumadh i? mionaidean gu ochd. An Greusaich—Ho, ho, Chatriona! Chatri- Iain Ruadh—’S am bheil Peigi Bheag a’ ona! Nach iomadh rud a dh’fhaodadh a tighinn dachaidh! Cuiridh i seachad an cumail an leithid Ghlascho. Nach faodadh geamhradh aig an tigh, tha mi cinnteach. tinneas a cumail. Nach faodadh i a bhi air a Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Cha b’ uilear dhith. ruith sios le dramgar no le motor? Am bheil Dughall Saor—Nach eil an deagh dhachaidh na h-innealan ud ach a stialladh rompa feadh roimpe: Greusaichean a’ deanamh airgid mar nan sraidean mar gu’m faiceadh tu cii a’ leum na sligean j ho ho ! aim an drobh chearc air diman. Nach faca mi An Greusaich—Bha latha dha sin; ach cha le m’ dha shiiil e direach an uair a bha mi ’n e ’n latha ’n diugh e. Cha do chuir mi mach. paidhir ur bhrbg air ceap o chionn se miosan. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Seadh ; ciod e chunnaic Nach eil na brbgan mar a tha h-uile ni eile: thu? ’S ann a tha thu cur crith a’m fhebil. tighinn dachaidh leis a’ phosta; agus b’e sin na An Greusaich—’S e sgailceadh air pinneach- brbgan nach fhiach ach gann an gearra-bhonn- adh—Chunnaic mi gu leoir: Fear an sud ’na achadh ; agus cha bhi iad mios ’gan cosg ’nuair sheasamh an tbiseach nan carbadan ud ’gan bhios iad mar a bha am bard ag radh : — stiiiradh, ’s e ’na fhallus a’ dannsadh “ Calum Criibach ” air dbirneig bhuidhe a bha toirt air Sgaoil na deireadhnan o’n bhonn ; clag a bhi gliongail fodha gun sgur; adharc ’S bha ’n brdag mhor air lorn na dalach. bhuidhe ’s gach laimh, ’s e cur te mu seach Agus ma tha dion no comhfhurtachd ’sam bith dhiubh, ’s air uairean an da dhiubh cbmhla, mu annta, ’s ann an deidh dhaibh mo dha laimh ’n cuairt gun tamh, gun fhois, ’s aig an am fein fhagail. Sin agaibh mo bheachd-sa air na cheudna a dha phluic gu spreidheadh ’s a chuimv brbgan Gallda. leanan cho farsuinn ri cuinnleanan eich a’ Iain Ruadh—An da, cha ’n ’eil sibh fada sitiich, a’ seideadh fideig gus an saoileadh tu ebarr. gu’n leumadh copan a chinn deth. Sud an Dughall Saor—Cha ’n ’eil, idir. Cha ’n ’eij sanas, ’s cha ’n ’eil ach mur am fag thu ’n na’s fearr 11a obair na laimhe fein,, agus a’ bhrog rathad, gu‘m bi thu air do ruith a sios’s air d’ gharbh Ghaidhealach. Cha ’n iad na brbgan 42 AN DEO-GREINE. Gallda fhreagradh a dhol do’n chladach fheatn- (Seallaidh an Greusaich air an telegram, agus ainn no do mhonadh an fhraoich. feithidh a’ chuideachd.) Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Gu dearbh fein, fhuaras Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Tuts, a dhuine! Nach agad e, Dhughaill. Cho boidheaoh fhinealta’s innis thu ciod e a th’ innte ? gu’m bheil iad. An Greusaich (an ceann greis)—“ Tha do Iain Ruadh—‘ ’S ann air a shon fein a ni ’n nighean a’ fagail an nochd”—agus mo the-sa cat cronan,’ a bhean an tighe. cuideachd. (Ni iad gaire.) Dughall Saor—Cha ’n ’eil aice ach smior na Dughall Saor—Bithidh iad comhla leis a’ firinn. Cha ’n fhaca mi riamh gu’n toireadh sin. Ho ho! bbidhchead goil air a’ phoit. An Greusaich (a’ toirt na litreach do An Greusaich—Theid mis’ an urras nach toir Dhiighall)—Agus seall sin, a Dhughaill. Sin brogan boidheach Ghlascho goil air- poit a’ agad telegram Ghaidhlig. Sin agad rud nach ' ghreusaich ; ach gur th’ ann a chuir iad a’ ghoil fhaca t’ athair no do sheanair. Saoil nach ’eil dhith a chionn mur bi am beagan chiobairean a a’ Ghaidhlig a’ tighinn beo mar thubhairt mi. th’ agam gu’m faodadh a’ bhean an bslabhraidh Dughall Saor—An da, air m’ onoir gu’m a thilgeadh am mach air an diman. ’S iad bheil—“ Tha mi fdgail leis a’ ‘ Chlaidheamh direach an aon fheadhainn a tha cumail an t- Mhor ’ an nochd.” Nach eil sin gasda gu snath-Iin ’san t-snathaid domh. cinnteach! Dughall Saor—Ho ho ! Iain ; faodaidh an Iain Ruadh—’S ann a tha e cur ionghnaidh dithis againn sud a ghabhail chugainn fein. orm. An Greusaich—Ma fhreagras an cota glas Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Saoil an do smaointich duibh cosgaibh e. mi riamh gu’n gabhadh telegram a chur air (Ni Iain is Dughall gaire.) falbh an Gaidhlig! Obh, obh! nach e ’n Bean a’ Ghreusaich—-Tuts, a dhuine! saoghal a tha air atharrachadh ! (Ni ’n Greusaich gaire.) An Greusaich—Nach e tha sin, a bhean! Dughall Saor—Tha ’n greusaiche ceart ged Iain Ruadh—Tha e anabarrach, direach ! tha. Cha ’n ’eil ach na slaobain anns na Dughall Saor—Seall a nis ann an sin : a brogan Gallda so. Agus neo-ar-thaing ainmean chionn ’s gu’n robh am balach a’ tighinn co- riomhach orra, mar gu’n deanadh sud na b’ dhiubh, cha, ’n ’eil dad ri phaidheadh. “ No fhearr iad—“ Ballata Boots ” ; “ Baltic Boots ” ; sherge for—for ”—ciod e’m facal mor a tha ’n “ The Champion ” ; “ The Gaelic Shoe ” ; ’s mar sin?—“ dcl—delvary—No sherge for delvary.” sin sios. Iain Ruadh—Seadh ; tha e ag innseadh nach (Ni a’ chuideachd gaire.) eil am balach ri dad fhaotainn. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Nach eibhinn thu, An Greusaich—U! Gheibh e dad. Lamh Dhughaill I air do sporan, a bhean. Iain Ruadh—Nach i Ghaidhlig fein a th’ air Bean a’ Ghreusaich—So, a laochain. (Sin- fas measail cuideachd o chionn bhliadhnachan.r idh i rud da.) Nach e’m eudail “ A?i Comunn Gaidhealach ” ! Dughall Saor—Theid mise an urras gu’m An Greusaich—Nach eil uaislean mora na faigh sinn brain bho Pheigi. Nach robh i diithcha a’ cur an guaillean rithe nuair a seinn aig a’ Mhbd am bliadhna! Saoil nach chunnaic iad chb grunndar ’s cho beirteach’s a tan-uing balaich poll mu thigh a’ ghreusaich air tha i. Agus gabhadh sibhse beachd air rud a’ gheamhradh so, ’ille! Harha ! (Agus e ’sam bith a chuireas iadsan ceann ann, leanaidh bualadh a laimhe air Iain.) Feuch an dean thu am pobull e—mar an dubhairt an sean mhaigh- bargan ris a’ ghreusaich mu’m faigh Uilleam stir sgoil e—agus bithidh buaidh air; agus Ban faileadh na seilg— cleas each ban an tailleir a thug da latha’s da Iain Ruadh—An da ’s ann a dheanamh bar- oidhohe ’san bsuil-chrithich, ’s a tha ’n diugh gain ris a thainig mi cuideachd. cho beothail bhras ’s a bha e riamh, nach i b’ Dughall Saor—Seadh ; tha mi toilichte gu’n fhiach a ceann a thogail agus a brosnachadh, do labhair mi. Nach mi thug an turns fortan- nuair bha leithid de stuth innte’s gu’n d’ fhan ach, a charaid. Tha fios agam nach eil thu i beo gus an diugh an deidh a h-uile miomhadh gun choileach dubh a’d achlais. Ha-ha! is tair a fhuair i. Saoil nach ann innte tha (Ni a’ chuideachd gaire.) stil— Iain Ruadh—Ciod e nis a tha sibh ag iarraidh (Thig balach a steach \e telegram.) air a mhart bhuidhe, dhuine? Dughall Saor—0 ; an ann mar so a tha ! An Greusaich—Thig air t-aghaidh, a laoch- Nach ann a bha mi’n diiil gur h-ann a bhiodh ain. Bheil dad agad domh? Fios bho Pheigi cbrdadh againn. criiridh mi ’n geall. Iain Ruadh—Tha sinn an dbchas gu’m bi sin Bean a’ Ghreusaich-—Tha mi ’n dochas nach againn cuideachd. Ciod e tha sibh ag radh, miosa co-dhiubh. dhuine? AN DEO-GREINE. 43 An Greusaich—Tha, ochd puinnd’s a deich. dhuine? (Agus e a’ toirt crathaidh air a’ Ach cha tog thu i gu ceann seachdain an ghreusaich.) earalais nach bi Peigi airson a reic. Tha i ’ga An Greusaich—0, do thoil mhath fein! tagar dhith fein. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Ho-ho ! Feuch, a Iain Ruadh—Seadh, ma ta. Tha mise toil- laochain, nach cuir thusa dragh ad cheann fein each. ’san cinn dhaoin eile. Dughall Saor—Nach fhearr dhuit a nis Dughall Saor—Nach stad sibhse oirbh. oordadh a dheanamh air son na h-inghinne, Cha ’n ’eil fios nach ann a chuireas mi eud air agus am mart fhaotainn mar thochar. Ha- feareiginn. Mur a dean mi Spain millidh mi ha ! Nighean 6g speisealta air tighinn as iir adharc. ’S fhearr dhomh bhi falbh. Ma dachaidh bharr na Galldachd, cuiridh mi ’n geall chluinneas sibhse dad na gabhaibh dad oirbh. nach fhaic an Greusaich, no a bhean, an dorus Oidhche mhath leibh. fad a’ gheamhraidh le lasgairean as a deidh. An Greusaich—Mar sin leatsa, Dhughaill. Iain Ruadh—Stadaibh gus am faigh mi’n Greas air cheilidh. small holding a stocachadh. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—’S eibhinn thu, Dhugh- Dughall Saor—Stadaidh ; ach dh’ fhaodt- eadh nach stad ise. Feuch nach toir fear- aill. eiginn car-mu-thom duit; ’s nach cuir am Tuitidh am Brat. mealladh-duil a laighe na leap’ thu. (Ni iad Dealbh II. gaire.) Cha bhi agad an sin ach an t-uallach a bhi air—Ciod ainm a nis a th’ air an fhearr Ceilidh an tigh Coimhearsnaich an ceann so bhitheas a’ toirt an airgid do na daoine seachdain. tinne. Bean an tighe (ri Dughall Saor)—Thig a Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Nach eil—drochfhas steach, a laochain, feuch an cluinn sinn ciod i ’n air—nach eil “ Lloyd Sheorge.” naigheachd a th’ agad. Nach ann a tha sinn Dughall Saor—Cha bhi agad ach do chud- air a chluinntinn gu’n robh thu aig cordadh trom a leigeadh air Doyle Sheorge. Ha ha! breagha an oidhche roimhe. Feuch am faigh Iain seall romhad. thu suidhe, Moire! Nach ann oirre sud a bha Iain Ruadh (ag eirigh gu falbh)—Stad ; stad, ’m fortan mu’n gann a dh’ fhuaraich i aig an a dhuine! Gus feuch ciod e beachd ’na h- tigh. Am bheil sud fior, a Dhughaill inghinne fein an toiseach. Moire! Cha ’n e Dughall Saor—Bha mise aig cbrdadh gun h-iarraidh, ach a faotainn. Bidh mi fagail teagamh, agus air son a chbrr dheth chi sibh oidhche mhath agaibh air fad. fein e mu’n teid am mios so ’na thigh. Cach.—Mar sin leatsa. Bean an Tighe—So, a nis ! Nach i ’n eudail Dughall Saor (an deidh Iain)—Saoil nach Peigi Bheag. An cluinn sibh sud, a nigheanan. faod mi inuseadh gu’n d’ rinn thu cordadh ris a’ Sud agaibh se bliadhna an Glascho. Ho-ho! ghreusaich. Cha bhi te anns a’ Ghoirtean nach bi air falbh Iain Ruadh-—Faodaidh tu sin ceart gu leor. gu Galldachd a nis g’a cireadh ’s g’a tlamadh (Ni iad gaire.) fein air son a’ mhargaidh. Bean a’ Ghreusaich—-’S eibhinn thu, Dhiigh- Dughall Saor—Sin agaibh an Small Hold- aill, Cumaidh tu daonnan surd anns a bhaile. ing aig Iain Ruadh. Tha toil aige a nis Tha eagal orm nach ann de na h-eoin a thogadh “ Home Buie ” a bhi aige ’na thigh fein. 0, sop air chabhaig Iain Ruaidh. Tha e ro mo naire air lasgairean bga, nuair rachadh ghaolach air an sgillinn, agus cho glic ris na sealg mhath as orra. Lebra! Nuair a bha cnocan mu’n dubhairt iad. Ach creideadh mi ’nur n-aois cha’n fhagainn Ion ’san diithaich sibhse gu’m faigheadh i suidheachan gle shoc- nach tiormaichinn nuair bhiodh caileag bhbidh- rach an te gheibheadh e. each, ghlan mar sud air tighinn do’n bhaile. Dughall Saor—Nach e sin, a bhean, a chuir Fear de na Gillean—Tha sinn fada tuillidh, ’s gu’n rObh toil agam e bhi ’na chliamhuinn tha eagal orm. agaibh. Ha-ha! Cha’n eil fear an tighe fein Te de na h-ingheanan-—An da, chuala mi’n ag radh guth ach a’ griogadh air pinneachan naidheachd. Ach bha mi greis mhath le Peigi mar gu’m biodh ann londubh ’sa chladach. an diugh, agus cha do ghabh i dad oirre, ma tha (Ni iad gaire.) Tha cleas an eich bhain a bha e fibr. ’n dorus an t-sabhuil air: a’ feitheamh ’s ag Bean an Tighe—U ! Cha toirinn umhail eisdeachd. Ach, lebra ! Mu’n tig seachdain dha sin. Tha leithid sud air a ghleidheadh an diugh, ’s ann a dh’ innseas mi mu’n chbrdadh balbh daonnan gus an tig e gu aona-cheann. a rinn e fein is Iain Ruadh. (Ni iad gaire.) Fear de na Gillean—An da; ’s ann a Cha bhi facal breige ’n sin. Rinn iad cbrdadh ; chuala mi fein gur a h-ann a bha Peigi dol a is bidh na coimhearsnaich ’ga bhreithneachadh chur coisir-chiiiil air a bonn air a’ gheamh- mar thogras iad fein. Ciod e’ tha sibh ag radh. radh so. Agus, gu dearbh, ’s ann a bha mi cur 44 AN DEO-GREINE. romhan a bhi ’sa chuidheachd feuch an ionn- Fear an Tighe—Cha ’n ’eil mi ’g radh dad. saichinn seinn aims an doigh uir so. Tha mi direach a’ leigeadh dhuibh a bhi Dughall Saor—An ann leis an “ do, re, Id ” ? bruidhinn agus a’ cur romham an gnothuch a Fear de na G.—Tha duil again gur e sin a ghabhail mar a thig e. Ma tha ’n radh fior chi th’ air. sinn e—mu’n d’ thubhairt an dall. Ach ’s i Dughall Saor—An da ; chuala mi “ An t- caileag laghach thapaidh a th’ ann am Peigi. Eilean Muileach ” ’ga sheinn leis an “ do, re, Te de na h-ingheanan—Tha sinne cho math Id ”; is bha e cho math ri rud a chuala mi rithe fein—direach neo-ar-thaing rithe. Tha riamh. Bha ’n t-seis aim cho math ’s a e ceart gu lebir a bhi sgiobalta glan, cuirideach ghabhadh a bhi. Ach, cho math ’s gu’m bheil a’ dol feadh shebmraichean mbra an Glascho, ’s e, cha chreid mise gu’m b’ urrainn daibh an a’ suathadh sadaich bharr fiirnais bhreagha le “ do ” a chur air. luideig de bhreid ; ach’s e rud eile a th’ ann an sluasaid a bhi ciil a diiirn a’ cartadh bathigh, no “ Di-haalum, di ho-aalum bhi air iomaire de thalamh laidir le droch Di-ridill-adal-aoiream.” chaibe a chur buntata ann an maduinn fhuair Agus cha ’n i idir a h-uile teanga theid mu’n Earraich—mar a dh’ fheumas bean Iain Ruaidh cuairt air fonn an brain ud a rinn Donnachadh a dheanamh. Ban. Dh’ fheumadh tu cuir a chur innte mar (Ni a’ chuideachd gaire.) gu’m biodh bodachan samhaich. Bean an Tighe-—Ma ta, ghalad, cha ’n ’eil thu Te de na h-ingheanan—’S e sebrsa de “ d6 ” fada cearr idir. a tha ’n sin co-dhiiibh, cha chreid mi fein; ’s Dughall Saor—So so ! Nach d’ thubhairt gu dearbh ma tha ’n “ do ” aig Peigi bheag cho mi ribh ! Nach fhad o na chuala sinn. “ Ma’s duilich ris, cha teid mi do’n chbisir idir, ged toil leat moladh, faigh, bas; is ma’s toil leat nach fhaicinn Mod An Obain am bliadhna. caineadh, pbs.” Ha, ha! Feumaidh mi Te eile—0, eudail! Feumaidh sinn dol falbh an nochd ; ach cha ’n ’eil againn, co- aim, no cha ’n fhaigh sinn cuireadh na bainnse. dhiiibh, ach a bhi cumail ar cluasan’s ar siiilean An treas te—-’S ann a dh’ fheumas mi fein fosgailte feuch ciod e chluinneas ’s a chi sinn. cumail a steach oirre feuch am faigh mi Oidhche mhath leibh air fad. cuireadh maighdinn. Dughall Saor—U! Theid sibh ann air fad. Tuitidh am Brat. Cha mhisd sibh na sgbmain agaibh a striocadh Dealbh III. air son na bainnse ris am bheil fiughair agaibh. Air an rathad (taobh-bebil a’ bhrait). ’S gasda learn fein bran math air a dheagh Iain Ruadh (ris fein)—Cha chuala mi leithid sheinn ann am bal sunndach bainnse. de “ thubhairt-thabhairt ” riamh. Cha ’n ’eil Bean an Tighe—Ach 0, eudail! Saoil am aite ’san suidh mi, no aite ’san seas mi—ma ’s bheil e fior? ann a’ dol do ’n cheard-thigh no tighinn aisde— Dughall Saor—Mur a bheil cha ’n e nach no dol do ’n eaglais air an t-Sabaid no tighinn eil e iomraiteach gu lebir, co-dhiubh. aisde—nach e gheibh mi le m’ laimh ’ga Bean an TIghe—Tuts, a dhuine! Nach tu crathadh gu’n ghualainn: “ Nach mi tha fein a thog an sgeul! Ciod e tha thu ’g radh ? toilichte an cbrdadh a rinn thu fein ’s an Dughall Saor—Ha, ha! (agus e bualadh a greusaich ” ;’s gun fhios o shluagh an t-saoghail bhas). Bha mis’ an lathair nuair a thainig ciod e ’n t-ionghnadh a th’ ann, ach mar nach Iain ’s an Greusaich gu cbrdadh. Ach nach biodh creic is ceannachd eadar dithis ’san sleamhainn an leac an dorus an tighe mhbir. duthaich riamh roimhe. Tha, gu lebir dhbmhsa Te de na h-ingheanan—Tha mi creidsinn ged a b’ ann a’ dol a phbsadh a bhithinn gu’m gu’m bheil Dughall ceart gu lebir. Tha fios biodh a leithid de horo-gheallaidh mu’n cuairt gur e cuiltearachd mar sud a dheanadh Iain orm, gu lughaid air bo bhuidhe a ghreusaich a Ruaidh. Tha barail airgid aige air a’ cheannach. ghreusaich; ach cha ’n e an t-airgead na h-uile Tachraidh fear air—Meal do naidheachd a rud. Is cha leig e leas a bhi cho falchaidh. bhalaich. Cha ’n fhaca mi thu bho ’n chuala Dh’ fhaodadh e aghaidh a thoirt taobh ’sam bith mi ’n sgeirmse ud mu d’ dheineamh. ’S math agus deanamh cho math. leam coimhearsnach a bhi' faotainn air aghaidh ; (Ni a chuideachd gaire.) agus gu dearbh tha mi ’n dbchas nach robh thu Dughall Saor—Ho hb ! Tha ’n t-eud air a’ sgrlobadh na poite. toiseachadh. Nach fhad o na chuala sinn gur Iain Ruadh—Suidh. Suidh is las do phiob h-e farmad a ni treabhadh. ’S iomadh uair a gus am faigh mi greis de d’ chracaireachd. Ciod ni e banais, cuideachd. ’S e’n gille farmad e mar tha ’n gnothuch a’ cbrdadh riut ? fein ! Ho ho ! Ciod e a tha fear an tighe ag Am Fear—Math agus ro mhath. Cha ’n ann radh Cha ’n iarr e ach a bhi leughadh mu’n h-uile latha chluinneas sinn a leithid. Moire, Land Court. tha ’n Land Court a’ cur os a chionn. Chi mi AN DEO-GREINE. 45 an nochd fathast thu, is bidh barrachd seanchais Messrs. Donald Mackay and Donald MacLeod; eadarainn. Sian leat an drasd. Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. W. S. JVIunro, Iain Ruadh (ris fein)-—Sud a nis mar a tha ; Rhitongue; Committee—Mrs. MacDonald, Mrs. agus cha ’n ’eil e coltach gu’m faigh Iain moran Munro, Miss Milne, Messrs. Hugh Matheson, fois bho’n drabasdachd ud gus an cuir mi bo John Mackay, John Campbell, John Rae, Wm. bhuidhe a’ ghrousaich air steic. Co tha tighinn Matheson, and Hugh Munro. an so 1 Curstan Mhor! ’S tha feum gu’m Melness.—President, Miss D. J. Gordon, bheil i bodhar; neo bhiodh a cheart phort aice headmistress; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss fein ; agus chluinneadh an diithaich an ceartair G. C. Sutherland, teacher; Committee—Misses a h-uile facal a sgoilteadh i leis a,’ ghleadhar a D. Gunn and Christina MacDonald, Messrs. D. bhios aice. H. Mackay, D. Macpherson, and Hector Curstan (a’ cur sgaile air a suilean le a bois) Meckenzie. —0, eudail mo chridhe, lain, an tu tha ’n so. Durness.—President, Rev. Adam Gunn, Meal do naidheachd, a laochain. Nach mi tha D.D.; Vice-President, Rev. J. W. MacDonald, toilichte chluinntinn an ceum a tha thu toirt The Manse; Secretary, Mr. Geo. Mackay; mu dheireadh thall. Treasurer, Mr. D. A. Campbell; Committee— Iain Ruadh (a leth-taobh)—Leth na boch- Misses Scobie, Mackenzie, Cathie Macpherson, dainn! Tha a cheart iorram an so. Nach and Mackenzie, Messrs,. Wm. Mackay, Wm. bochd nach robh bd-bhuidhe a’ ghreusaich Campbell, George Campbell, and Charles fodha gu bun an da adhairc an suil-chrithich Mackenzie. mu’n do smaointich mi riamh air a ceannach. Oldshore.—President, Rev. John MacAskill, fR’a leantuinn.) Kinlochbervie U.F. Manse; Vice-President, Mr. Robert Gillies, headmaster; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss E. Fraser, Schoolhouse; Com- mittee— Mi's. Gillies, Messrs. Macleod, Angus Mackay, George Mackay, and J. D. Morrison. NEW BRANCHES Inshegra.—President, Rev. J. MacAskill; Thurso.—Hon. President, Provost Mackay; Vice-President, Mr. Alex. MacRae, head- President, Rev. G. R. MacLennan, M.A.; Vice- master; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Ina Presidents, Rev. A. J. Morrison, M.A.; Rev. W. Mon-ison, The Schoolhouse; Committee—Mrs. D. A. Mackenzie, and Rev. Colin Livingstone; B. Mackay, Mrs. D. Mackay, Messrs. Hugh Secretary, Mr. Wm. MacDonald; Treasurei, Calder, David Calder, Angus Mackenzie, Mr. Finlay Fraser; Committee—Mrs. G. T. Thomas Mackay, and George Mackay. Anderson, Mrs. Asher, Mrs. Angus Mackay, Scourie. — President, Mr. Fraser, head- Mrs. G. R. MacLennan, Nurse Cameron, Bailie master ; Vice-President, Rev. Mr. Lundie, Anderson, Mr. A. Neil MacDonald, Mr. J. Edrachillis Manse; Secretary and Treasurer, Abrach Mackay, Mr. John MacDonald, Mr. Miss Urquhart, teacher; Committee—Misses Alex. Mackay, Dr. MacLennan, Mr. John Mac- MacDonald, Cowie, and Morrison, Messrs. Lennan, and Mr. J. S. Robertson. Thomas Mackay and Hugh Macleod. Port Skerray-Melvich—President, Mr Alex. Lochinver.—President, Rev. D. MacKinnon, Mackintosh, headmaster; Vice-Presidents, The Manse; Vice-Presidents, Rev. D. Finlay- Messrs. George Mackay and John Macleod; son, B.D., U.F. Manse, and Mr. Murdo Kerr ; Secretary and Treasurer, George Mackintosh, Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Graham, M.A., Low Road, Port Skerray; Committee—Misses teacher; Committee—Misses R. A. Ross, M.A., Katie Mackay, Joan Mackintosh, and Joan H. Donaldson, M.A., Dolina Aird, Hughina Mac- Fraser, Messrs Angus MacDonald and Macleod. Leod, Mrs. A. D. Macleod, and Mrs. Kerr, Strathy.—President, Rev. Hector Mac- Messrs. D. Hughson, M.A., Hector Mackenzie, Aulay; Vice-Presidents, Rev. A. Youngson and Angus Mackenzie, J. Gordon, Alex. Mackenzie, Mr. Hector Mackay; Secretary and Treasurer, John Mackenzie, sen., Kenneth Morrison, Mr. Hugh Gunn, Baligill, Melvich. William MacRae, D. J. MacRae, Alex. MacLean, Farr.—President, Mr. Dugald Mackay; and R. R. Bird. Vice-Presidents, Messrs Alexander Mackay, Applecross.—President, Mr. MacLeod, head- George Mackay, and John Fraser; Secretary master ; Vice-Presidents, Messrs. Alister and Treasurer, Miss Ina Mackay, Free Church Gillies, D. Macpherson, and D. MacDonald; Manse; Committee—Misses Munro, Fraser, Secretary and Treasurer, Rev. Malcolm Laing, and Tina Mackay, Messrs. Jas. Mackay, Robert M.A., The Manse; Committee:—Misses Annie Mackay, William Mackay (Newlands), and Wm. Gillies, B. Gordon, and F. Murchison, Messrs. Mackay (Crask). Rod. MacLean, Thos. Mackenzie, Colin Gillies, Tongue.—President, Rev. J. MacDonald, and Iain Cameron. U.F. Manse; Vice-Presidents, Rev. D. Lundie, Knoydart.—President, Rev. Father Mac- 46 AN DEO-GREINE. Lellan; Vice-Presidents, Rev. John Mackay land, speaking in Gaelic, introduced the lec- and Mr. A. Mackenzie; Secretary and turer, who gave an interesting account of the Treasurer, Mr. Alex. MacLennan; Com- Stormont district of Perth. The lecture showed mittee—Mrs. Macphie, Messrs. Archd. Mac- bers,considerable going backresearch as faron theas thepart time of Mr.of RobertCham- Donald, Wm. MacDonald, Alex. Macphie, and III., when in 1399 a charter was granted to Sir John MacDonald. Johndisposal Stewart. cannot We permit regret thata more the spacelengthened at our BRANCHES RE-FORMED. grammeaccount ofof vocalthis asdinteresting instrumental lecture. music A pro-was Ullapool.—President, Major Fraser of carried through in the course of the evening. Leckmehn; Vice-Presidents, Mr. D. MacLeod, headmaster, Mr. Morrison of Kinlochbervie, and Mr. Murdo MacLean; Secretary, Miss Lucas, teacher ; Treasurer, Mr. Stewart; Com- REVIEW. mittee—Mrs. Fraser of Leckmelm, Misses Mac- THE BARVAS BARD. Songs and Sketches by Rae and Dora MacLean, Rev. Mr. MacLeod, Donald Macdonald, “ Songsmith of Barvas,” Messrs. J. Stewart, John MacLean, Kenneth Lewis. 3/6. Maclaren & Sons, Argyll Cameron, and Murdo MacLeod. Street, Glasgow. Gairloch.—President, Mr. John MacGilli- This is a book of 87 pages, made up of 32 vray, headmaster; Vice-President, Mr. Donald pages of poetry and the rest prose sketches. Mackenzie; Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. John The“ Bardachd poems mightLeodhais have ” recently fittingly published appeared under in Mackenzie, Stroop House ; Committee—Mrs. the direction of Mr. John N. Macleod. Be Knox, Misses Murchison, MacIntyre, and Mac- that as it may, the people of Barvas and the kenzie, Messrs. A. Mackenzie and Duncan Mac- neighbouring parishes will doubtless receive this kenzie. memorial of the dead smith with affection. Glenelg.—President—Mr. MacLeod ; Vice theAlthough true hispoetic output, ring as weruns have through it here, his is songs.small, President, Mr. J. Stewart; Secretary and While they are all meritorious, the songs on Treasurer, Mr. James Cameron, Post Office; “An Airigh ” and “An Samhradh Cridheach ” Committee—Rev. Mr. MacTaggart, J. A. Mar- are distinctly so. A rich vein of humour is tin, Donald MacMillan, Roderick Macleod, Ewen Radain.”seen in some Theof them, prose as sketches for example, are “excellent. Oran an Cameron, Donald MacRae, and Wm. Thomson. The sketch entitled “ Domhnull an Gille ” won Mallaig.—President, Mr. Kenneth Mac- the first prize at the last Glasgow Mod; so did Lean, headmaster; Vice-Presidents, Angus his fine song on “ Eilean mo Ghaoil,” which has MacIntyre, John MacVarish, and James Daw- been successfully translated into English by son ; Secretary and Treasurer, Miss Tina Mac- Lieut.-Colonelalso of a humorous Matheson. nature, The and other will sketches doubtless are Kinnon, Police Station ; Committee—Misses appeal, and deservedly so, to Lewis people, and, Mac Lellan, H. MacIntyre, Winnie MacLellan, for that part of it, to others throughout Gael- and Mrs. Boyd, Messrs. James MacDougall, dom. The book deserves a good circulation, Angus MacLellan, Wm. MacLean, Donald Mac- and we hope it gets it. Lennan, Donald Gillies, and John Scotland. Ahisaig.—President, Rev. Father Angus Mac- Eachen; Vice-Presidents, Messrs. L. Gillies, Angus Campbell, and Mrs. MacEachen ; Secre- SONG5 OF THE HEBRIDES tary, Miss Gillies, teacher; Treasurer, Miss MacVarish, teacher; Committee — Mrs. KENNEDY-FRASER RECITAL. Cameron, Misses Fraser and Macdonald, Rev. J. It is a world of infinite charm that Mrs. A. Macdonald, Messrs. P. M. MacDonald, Kennedy-Fraser introduces us to in her collec- Donald MacDonald, Charles MacDonald, John tion of songs of the Hebrides. It is also a MacDonald, and Duncan MacMillan. lost world. We hope to “ improve ” the lot of the islanders by industrial and other expan- sion. In so doing we are likely to improve away much that is rare and beautiful. The COMUNN NEWS. Islands, diligent in business, will probably exchange poetiy for prose. They may Perth Gaelic Society. .—Early in October a be more comfortable, but they will have very large audience assembled in the Guild Hall, lost their distinctive life, the life that gave us Perth, on the occasion of a lecture delivered by a wealth of music and legend. Industrialism lectionsMr C. E.of Chambers.the Stormont, The with subject extracts was from“ Recol- the may teach them a new song, but one questions diary of John Stewart of Dalguire, 1828.” The if the new song will have the charm of1 the old. Gaidhligmeeting wasPheairt, under Thethe auspiceschief, Mr. ofD. ComunnSuther- Fortunately before the music of the oh Bf© had AN DEO-GREINE. 47 died away there was a sympathetic ear to catch last captivated the ear- of those who were look- its melody and a skilled hand to give it artistic ing to the ends of the earth for something new setting. Scottish music owes a great debt to and beautiful in Art, and yet it was at their Mrs. Marjory Kennedy-Fraser, a debt that will own door—untapped, so to speak. Are the appear all the greater when Scottish composers musical possibilities of the Celt becoming to be have fully realised the significance of her work. recognised only now after a long period of This inspired collector and arranger of folk- neglect? song has provided material for the considera- tion of national composers, that, rightly used, might mean a new era for Scottish music. Mrs. Kennedy-Fraser has not only preserved the old OBAN MOD FUND. Hebridean melodies, but has added something of herself ; and what she has added is inevitably RECEIVED AT HEAD OFFICE. right, making the folk-song into the art song Already acknowledged, without any loss of its primitive freshness. In Miss A. C. Whyte, Glenetive, the Glasgow St. Andrew’s Hall, lately, there was “ Dim Dubh,” 1 0 0 some loss of the intimacy that goes with a small John Maclean, Esq., Calcutta, 3 0 0 concert-room, but the large audience was at ObanF. M. andShaw, Lorn Esq., Association, London, ... 53 0 0 least a matter for congratulation. On general David MacRitchie, Esq., Edinburgh, 1 0 0 lines the recital followed former recitals. Mrs. Miss Myra Norman, Glasgow, 4 0 0 Kennedy-Fraser introduced the songs as hap- George A. Ferguson, Bearsden, 1 1 0 pily as ever, putting the audience into touch Wm.Rev. A.L. MacDiarmid,MacGillivray, Morven,Esq., Barra, 010 10 0 with story and mood. Her songs included two Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, 5 5 0 new and attractive numbers—“ Sea-Moods ” Seumas, Chief of Clann Fhearghuis, and The Wind on the Moor.” Miss Patuffa Neil MacKinnon, Esq., Perth, Kennedy-Fraser’s selection again gained local Rev. T. S. Macpherson, Glasgow, ... colour from the use of a small harp in accom- RECEIVED BY LOCAL TREASURER. paniment, and it included also new numbers. Miss Margaret Kennedy and Mr. Douglas Mar- JohnW. Russell MacMillan, Ferguson, Esq., of London,Ardtur, 10 10 0 shall had a characteristic selection, and such Sir Hector MacNeal, London, 5 0 0 old favourites as “ Eriskay Love Lilt ” and H. F. Carmichael, Esq., London, ... 5 0 0 “ Kishmul’s Galley ” were not forgotten. C. E. Stewart, Esq., of Coll, .,. 3 0 0 ColonelSheriff MacMasterDuncan Campbell Campbell, of Ross, ... 2 2 0 Thos.Miss MacNeillCorson & ofCo., Glenmore, Ltd., Oban, A PEOPLE’S MUSIC. Lt.-Col. MacRae-Gilstrap of Eilean Sir Donan,Duncan Campbell... of... Barcaldine, 1 *0 0 Music, as closely related to a nation as its Brig.-General Cheape of Tiroran, ... 1 0 0 literature, ought to be the most effective music A. J. MacLean and the Hon. Mrs. for that nation. A people must possess music MacLean of Ardgour, 10 0 that shall interpret its soul, an Art that suits John Maclver, Esq., Oban, 0 10 6 its life and literature, and characteristic of it. RoderickDugald MacCallum, MacLeod, Esq.,Esq., London,Oban, ... 2110 2 0 Critics often say that Art is of the world. This Mrs. Reyburn, Ballachulish, 1 1 0 would be true if the world were but one nation, Duncan MacMillan, Esq., Dunmore, 1 0 as Bart Kennedy tersely puts it. But it is HughJohn Gillies,Maclnnes, Esq., Esq., Barnacarry, Kerrera, not. The Germans made half the world ! believe that their music was the one and only William>uhcan Buchanan,Chalmers, Esq.,Esq., Oban, music, just as they were the one and only A Friend, people according to their own notions. It Lake Falconer, Esq., Oban, 1 1 0 fitted into their scheme of world power, and ;■ Calin MacRae of Feoirlinn, ... 10 0 many bowed down to them ; probably many do Caraid,Angus MacLeod, Esq., Oban, 10 0 so still as they rave about Schubert, Wagner, W. J. MacAlister, Esq., London, ... 1 0 0 Beethoven, Ac.—et hoc genua omne. Of course Provost Skinner, Oban, ... 10 0 no sane person, who has any soul for music, Dugald Brown, Esq., Blarchaorin, ... 0 10 0 would seek to belittle the. beauty of German Murdoch Maclnnes, Esq., Ardshellach, 0 10 0 music. That would be tantamount to saying, Lt.-Col.Donald Livingstone,Strutt of Kingairloch, Esq., Glenlonan, 0 10 0 like Dogberry in “ Much Ado About Nothing,” Neil MacDonald, Esq., Melfort, ... 0 10 G “ write me down an ass.” At the same time, Mrs. Christina Campbell, Oban, 0 10 6 more than it deserves is claimed for Hun music. Miss H. MacDonald, Oban, 0 10 0 The charm of our own Highland music has at H.Dugald W. Maclsaac,MacTsaac, Esq.,Esq., Oban,Oban, 0 10 0 AN DEO GREINE. John MacDonald, Esq., Oban, 0 10 0 JohnArchibald Walker, Black, Esq., Esq., Oban, Oban, 0 10 0 The Shop for Gaelic Books. F. H. Buchanan, Esq., Oban, 0 10 0 The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English SongsPrice Postage JohnDonald Kirkwood, MaeCallum, Esq., Esq., Oban, Oban, 0 10 0 with Translations & Gaelic Readings, by John MacDougall, Esq., Oban, 0 10 0 BardHenry Bharabhais, Whyte Humorous “Fionn,” Songsnow ready, and Read- cloth 7/6 6d DonaldArchibald MacCowan, Smith, Esq., Esq., Oban, Oban, 0 10 0 ings of Donald Macdonald, Barvas, limp Collected by Messrs Dugald Maclsaac, Sgeulaichecloth, net,nan Gaol, John Macfadyen, 34/-/6 4d6d stone,Alex. MacLachlan,and Dugald DuncanMacCallum, Living- in Gaelic Self-Taught. A n Introduction to Gaelic sums of less than 10s, ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete, pronun- 1 /6 3d £279 7 8 An Rosarnach,Gaelic authors, a galaxy 2 volumes of the ready, best moderneach 10/- 9d TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready,English,3/6 7/6 9d6d NOTICE. FionnHandbook ann anfor Tigh Speakers a’Bhlair at GaelicBhuidhe, Meetings, A Tale, - 3d JdId The Magazine will be sent post free to all Rosg Gaidhlig. Selections of Gaelic Prose, - 2/6 4d countries in the Postal Union for 2/- per annum. Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d Ud Single copies will be sent by post for 2d. MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet.”, 12/66d 6dHd Communications regarding the Sale of the Maga- Aig Tigh na Beinne, by Mrs. Grant, just pub. 3/6 6d zine, Annual Subscriptions, Advertisements, etc, Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thug I speisFolk doTales ’n Armunn, and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel 7/61/6 3d9d should be addressed to Mr. Neil Shaw, Secre- Deirdire, Gaelic and Eng. opposite pages, - 3/6 6d tary, 114 West Campbell Street, Glasgow. GaelicCameron’s Mission Highland Hymn ClearancesBook, to- 1912,- -- 1/-2/- 2d4d All literary contributions, accompanied by the Bardachd Ghaidhlig, Selected Gaelic Poetry, 3/6 6d name and address of the writer, should be addressed Cath-chuairt Eideird Bhruis an Eirinn, 1/- 3d to Mr. Donald Macphie, 5 Victoria Terrace, AnAuraicept Solaraiche, na n’eces, four choiceProf. Geo.Gaelic Calder, Essays, 12/61/3 3d1/- Dullatur, and should reach him not later than Minstrelsy of the Highlands, Gaelic & Eng., 4/6 6d the 15th of each month. Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d GaelicBiblesAU Post andOrders Testaments must include at sufficientall prices,- for Postage. ALEX MACLAREN &! SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW.

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES,AND SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. Mackay’s Palace Hotel, J, G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, EDINBURGH. CHARING CROSS (nkVote^nd) Highly Recommended. | I TABLEBEDROOM, D'HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND5s. GLASGOW. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad stub an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GR.EINE Leabhar XVI.] Treas Mbs a Gheamhraidh, 1921. [Earrann 4. siubhail deargadh air. L© ceum socair rainig CLAR-INNSIDM. © an ceann-uidhe a bha aige ’san amharc, agus A’ Bhliadhn’ Ur tha ar canain ann an suidheachadh nach do Executive Council 51 luthaigeadh di gus a seo. Suas leis a’ Dealbh-Chluich, 53 Chomunn! BodachHighland na Reconstruction. Gealaich, . . - 6578 * * * Land Settlement Association, 59 Bliadhna mhath ur do gach neach tha TheSecretary’s Gaelic PoetryPage, of Aird, ...... 6 610 fhathast a’ caoidh, agus nach di-chuimhnich an Alba, - 61 fhir nach till. An fhalluinn bhrbin a thuit Branch Reports, 62 orra o’n chiad la a chaidh an lot tr© ’n chogadh, Review, 63 tha i fhathast suainte umpa, agus bithidh gus An Comunn Gaidhealach, 63 an diinar an siiil ann an dubhar a’ bhais. Gabhaidh iad seo an cead leis ah bsean A’ BHLIADHN’ UR. bhliadhna 1© osna thiamhaidh. “ Teachd na h-ath bhliadhna as a h-dige, Bliadhna mhath ur do mhuinntir na Gaidh- Bliadhna ’tighinn oimn a nuadh.” ealtachd, gu h-araidh do na saighdearan a tharr Toisichidh mi leis an bseann durachd. le’m beatha as a’ chogadh, agus aig an robh Bliadhna mhath ur do ar cairdean is do ar duil ri seilbh fhaotainn air criomag fhearainn luchd-eolais, thall ’sa bhos; aig bail© no fada ’san duthaich far an deach an arach. Is air falbh an tirean cein. Is cinnteach gum bi tearc an air©amh a chaidh a shasuchadhv a dh’ l' Gaidheil a tha tuinneachadh anns na h-aitean aindeoin nan geallaidhean a chaidh a thaomadh sin a tionndadh an aign© air oidhche bliadhn’ orra. Cha’n fhaic sinn gun deach moran fear- uire gus a’ ohlaehan ’san do thogadh iad, agus ainn a chur air leth a. chum gum bi e “ freag- gum bi iad ann an -seadh spioradail ri taobh na arrach do ghaisgich.” Fhad ’sa a bha an scan chagailte. Mar a thuirt Niall MacLebid cunnart ’na sheusdar, cha robh ni a ghealladh Fnach maireann: — dhaibh tuilleadh is math, ach an uair a thainig feath fhuaireadh car eil© an adharc ah daimh, “ Saoghal fada maoin is cliu, agus cha robh aig na gaisgich ach a bhi ’deaii- Do ’r luchd-duthcha bhos is thall, amh mar a b’ fhearr a dh’ fhaodadh iad gun Dbirteadh beannachdan mar dhriuchd fhardach no leud buinn am broige d© fhearann. Gaoh bliadhna ur thig air an ceann.” Bidh iad air a’ charamh seo, tha © coltach gus Bliadhna mhath ur do’n Chomunn Ghaidheal- ach ; cha b’e bu chbr fhagail air deireadh. Tha an tig uachdarain is Bbrd an Tuathanaig gu toradh oidhirpean o’n chiad la a ghabh © cbrdadh mu choirichean is phriseah—rud mu gnothuichean os laimh follaiseach a nis, agus bheil iad a deasbud gus a seo. cha d’ thug gach griobadh a fhuair e fad an t> 50 AN DEO-GREINE. Thug mi tarruing uair no dha anns an Deo cuid, ghabh sinn ar cead de rian na stuamachd, Greine air glocaireachd nam faidhean a bha ’g their cuid eile, agus tha moran air thaod aig ar bddhradh mu ’n t-saoghal nuadh a bha gu Mac-narBracha amhuil is mar a bha na scan bhi a’ dol g’ar riaghiadh a dh’ aithghoaiTa, agus Ghreugaich is na Rbmanaich fo rian Bhacchus. na h-atharraichean a dh’ fheumte’ a thoirt mu ’n cuairt. Arsa na faidhean: —“ Bidh atharr- achadh air crabhadh, air caithe-beatha, air giiilan nan daoine beartach ris na daoine Tha luchd-oibre de gach sebrsa an-shocrach bochda. Cha bhi ach ro bheag mar a bha e ’nan cor, agus is beag an t-aobhar a bheir orra an deidh dhuinn fosadh-comhraig fhaotaiim. obadh-oibre a ghairm an uair a bhuaileas e Tha eadarainn agus na, ohaidh seachad doimhne shuas orra. Is mdr an call a thachras an lorg mhor, agus cha tath an nos nuadh ris an fc- sin, chan e mhain daibh fein ach do mhalairt seann rian. Theid am feall-aithris agus am na diithcha. Cha ghabh mi orm a radh gur mealladh anns an robh na daoine inbheach a’ h-e an luchd-oibre is coireach anns a h-uile dbigh. gabhail iiidh a sguabadh a leth-taobh. Bidh Feumar earrann fhagail aig na maighstearan. creutairean a’ gluasad an saoghal eile, agus a “ Chan ann, am Bbid uile tha ’n bole; tha thaobh nam feadhnach aig a bheil maoin agus beagan deth an Arainn.” Bu chiataeh a ni e an fheadhainn aig nach ’eil, cha bhi eadar- air a,’ bhliadhna tha romhainn na ’n rachadh sgaradh cho tur ’sa b’ abhaist, oir tomhaisir aig an da bhuidhinn an connsachadh tha eatorra luach nithean le meidh iiir, agus chithear nach a thoirt gu crich le ebrdadh seasmhach. Tha e airgead no or a mheasair mar fhior shaibhreas feum mdr aig ar diithaich air feath a chum gun na Rioghachd, ach Sluagh toilichte.” Sin tuinnich sluagh a bhio.i toilichte le ’n. crannchur agaibh Linn an Aigh ! Chan ’eil dad cearr air ’n ar tir. Ach a thaobh na Gaidhealtachd, cha an fhaisneachd ach cion coimhlionaidh. Gabh ruigear a leas diiil a bhi ri slth gus an cuirear beachd air gach puing fa leth. A bheil saoghal cuisean an fhearainn air a bhonn a, fhreagras do nuadh againn ? Tha, ach mo thruaighe, ’se th’ chor an t-sluaigh, agus gu meal iad an cuibheas ann saoghal anns a faicear anameasara de gach a chaidh a chleith orra ro fhada, A bheil e eu- sebrsa maille ri mort, gamhlas is slaightear- comasach do ar luchd-riaghlaidh maille ri uach- achd, feinealachd is cion, tairiseachd. Ciod e darain seo a thoirt mu ’n cuairt.. Ma’s e an hatha,rrachadh a thainig air crabhadh is chaochladh a thachras cha bhi againn ach aimh- caithe-beatha an t-sluaigh Cha leir dhomhsa reit gu deireadh na criche. Ach, mar tha gun d’ thainig a bheag ’sam bith seach mar a cuisean an diugh, faodar a radh nach sasuich bha nithean roimhe seo mur1 an d’ fhas iad na gabhaltais bheaga, gu leir, na tha, an bam anns bu mhiosa. Eolas a sior dhol am meud, ach a bheil sinn bed ag agradh. Tha mi fhln a,’ gliocas a’ siubhal mall! An d’ fhas na daoine creidsinn gu bheil tairbhe nach beag an dan do inbheach na’s caidreiche ri daoine neo- ’n Ghaidhealtachd an iiine ghoirid an uair a inbheach? Nach ’eil e cho soilleir ris a’ ghrein aig thbisicheas oibrichean is gniomhasan air a meadhoin la gun do ghabh gach columan iteag feadh, agus a gheibhear a, mach an t-ionmhas gu ionad fein aon uair is gun deach an cunnart tha innte nach do chuireadh gu feum fhathast. seachad. Tha nadur mhic-an-duine na’s duilghe Tha mi a’ cluinntinn gu bheil na h-uiread de a thaladh as an hsean chlais na tha cuid am innleachdan air an gnathachadh a chum ar barail, agus chan ’eil e soirbh faotainn cuidhte saighdearan is muinntir eile na tire a thaladh de shean tograidhean is mhodhanan. gu tirean cein. Ma’s e sin am miann fein, Mhothaich sinn idle do’n bhoch-thonn a dh’ chan urrainnear am bacadh, ach biodh iad ’nan fhag an cogatfh as a dheidh, chan e mhain air earalas mu ’n tachair daibh mar a thachair do Rioghachd Bhreatuinn ach air an Ebrpa pi leir. mhoran rompa. Chan ’eil cor nan duthchanan An uair a Ilonas tu ciidainn le uisge tha i buail- ceine mar a bha e, agus chan ’eil ach an dearg teach air cur thairis ma thulgas tu i. Sin mar amaideas do fhear ’sam bith a dhol air imrich tha cuisean an diugh air feadh na diithcha; tha mur bi sporan tomadach aige. Co an saigh- sinn a’ faireachadh an tulgaidh, agus is ann aig dear a gheibh sinn an diugh le sporan lan 1 Is an Agh tha brath ciod is crioch da. Tha moran fearr gu mbr do dhuine duilgheadas a dhiithcha nithean air dol am broinn a cheile agus chan fein fhulang na na duilgheadais a dh’ fhaodas ’eil e soirbh an reiteachadh. Ma ghabhas sinn a bhi roimhe an diithaich choimhich. Ciod a beachd air mar tha nithean a’ cuimseachadh an thachras do ar tar ma sguabar air falbh am diugh chi sinn gu bheil an iarmailt a,’ dol na’s beartas as seasmhaiche a th’ againn?—sluagh duirche an aita a bhi a fas na’s soilleire. A calma, deantasach, a chuireas dreach air reir beachd dhaoine earbsach, chaidh na beusan diithaich, ’sam bith. Cha chuir feidh oirnn, anns a robh sinn a’ cur muinghinn a thilgeadh boidheach ged tha iad, no caoraich mhbra, an tomhas mbr an darna taobh. Chan ’eil ar feumail ged tha iadsan, am beartas a mhaireas caithe-beatha cho rianail ’sa b’ abhaist, their anns an bseadh as airde. AN DEO-GREINE. 51 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. these three gentlemen for their reports. The Committee considered the report of H.M.I.S. on the classes ‘ held at Inverness in August as A meeting of the Executive Council of An highly favourable. Comunn Gaidhealach was held in the office, Glasgow, on the evening of December 1st—Rev. Publication Committee. G. W. Mackay, Killin, presiding. Those pre- The report of the Publication Committee sent were : —Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, presi- showed that, arising out of the discussion at the dent; Mr. Angus Robertson, Glasgow, and Mr. Oban meeting on the position of An Deo Greine Donald Macphie, Dullatur, vice-presidents; and the remit then made to the Committee to Mr. Malcolm MacLeod, Glasgow ; Mr. P. Mac- consider the whole matter, it was resolved to Dougall Pullar, do.; Mr. James MacKellar, do. ; make a further effort to obtain additional Mr. John MacTaggart, do.; Mr. Donald Mac- advertisements. The Committee recom- Lean, do.; Mr. Alexander Fraser, Yoker; Mr. mended that estimates be secured for the John Bartholomew, Glenorchard, Torrance; printing of the journal. These were submitted Mr. Allan G. MacNaughtan, Glasgow; Miss at a subsequent meeting, and the Committee Campbell of Inverneill; Mrs. Reybura, Balla- agreed to accept the lowest offer, that of Messrs. chulish; Mrs. W. J. Watson, Edinburgh; Miss Scott, Learmonth, & Allan, Stirling. Campbell of Succoth; Mrs. J. R. Colquhoun, Mr. Malcolm MacLeod (Convener) said the Glasgow; Mr. John MacKay, Paisley; Mr. A. Committee had gone very carefully into the E. Macfarlane Stevenson, Scotstoun; Mr. position of the magazine. It was with reluct- Angus Henderson, Stirling; Mr. J. S. Mackay, ance and regret that they contemplated bring- do.; Mr. Archd. Stewart, Cambuslang; Mr. ing the long and happy connection with Mr. Peter MacDougall, M.A., Glasgow; Mr. Colin Sinclair as the printer and publisher of the Sinclair, M.A., do.; Mr. A. B. Ferguson, do.; magazine to an end, but in view of the fact that Mr. Hugh M‘Corquodale, do.; Mr. R. H. Mathie- the change of printer was going Jk> save An son, Dundee; Mrs. Christison, Glasgow; Mrs. Comunn a considerable sum, they had no alter- Charles Macpherson, do. ; Mr. Neil Shaw, sec- native. That was the sole reason for the change. retary, and Mr. Robert Macfarlane, C.A., The matter of advertisements was also receiv- treasurer. ing careful attention, and the Committee were Mon Accounts. hopeful of success. Replying to questions, Mr. MacLeod said the change of the name The minute of the Finance Committee, An Deo Greine was debated. Several of the which was approved, contained the Oban Mod members were of opinion that the name was accounts, and these showed a credit balance. not an attractive one, and that it kept them from securing advertisements because the Education Committee. ordinary Sassenach would not be troubled with Mr. Malcolm MacLeod, on the report of the a paper whose name he could not pronounce. Education Committee, referred to the success One suggestion was that the name should be of the classes in Inverness and Glasgow under The Celtic Mac/azine. There was, however, no the Scottish Education Department for the need to rush the matter, and the Com- training of teachers to be teachers of Gaelic in mittee would be prepared to consider any schools. These classes, he said, were going to suggestion. be of great value in many respects. They The Chairman said he would not be unhappy would notice that the Committee had resolved to alter the name, and he suggested The to ask the Education Authorities to be good Scottish Gael. There might be some objec- enough to favour them with copies of the tion, but they wanted something comprehen- schemes they had prepared for the teaching of sive and to cover the Gael and the Scottish Gael. Gaelic, and they hoped this request would be It would not do to call it The Highlander, and acceded to. With reference to the Gaelic he would personally object to such a title School Books which were being prepared by because he was a Scottish Gael first and fore- An Comunn, it, was hoped that these, or some most. He was not going to limit the Gaelic of them at anyrate, would be on the market in race to a stretch behind the Grampians where the late Spring. Gaelic may be spoken for the moment. He Reports by Dr. Watson, Mr. Hugh A. Fraser, thought Mr. MacLeod’s suggestion was a good and Mr. David Urquhart upon their respective one. To be able to maintain a healthy maga- classes at Inverness had been before a meeting zine they ought to maintain a healthy enter- of the Committee, and it was agreed to thank prise about An Comunn and raise the price. 52 AN DEO-GREINE. He believed the money would come in all right, secure that at least one teacher in the school but they must have more faith and more enter- should be a Gaelic speaker. prise. The Rev. Mr. Munro, Taynuilt, said they Mr. Colin Sinclair suggested the name of could not have too high an opinion of the influ- Gaelic Guardian as a substitute. A name in ence that had gone out from the classes at Gaelic was a mistake from the ordinary reading Inverness. It was the first time in the history public point of view. Mr. Angus Henderson, of the Highlands that they had had classes of Stirling, supported Mr. Sinclair. a University type instituted for teachers. Mr. Arehd. Stewart, Cambuslang, said An Deo Greine was at least more Gaelic than Gaelic Art and Industry Committee. Guardian. He thought it would be a back- The above Committee at a previous meeting ward step to give their magazine a Saxon name. had discussed what steps should be taken to The point was to popularise An Deb Greine promote the knowledge and history of Celtic it stood. art, and Mr. Macphie reported that he could Mr. Angus Robertson reminded them that arrange for the publication in reader (Book IY.) there was a difficulty in An Comunn as to of two lessons on the subject. The Committee whether the name of the magazine was gram- agreed to have these prepared and submitted matical or not, and he did not think that that to Professor Watson. point had yet been settled. It was never The Committee also agreed that steps should used in the vernacular of the people, and he be taken to promote the book on Celtic Art defied any one to say where it appeared out of being written by Captain Eoghan Carmichael the Ossianic poems. and Mr. John Duncan. The Chairman suggested that the feeling seemed to be to give the Committee a selection Mod and Music Committee. of names to choose from. Whatever title was Rev. M. N. Munro, convener, outlined the adopted it should be in Gaelic with the English provisional syllabus for the 1921 Mod. translation appended. Junior Section:—Literary—Letter Writing, Mr. Angus Henderson pointed out that An Writing from Dictation, Reproduction in Deb Greine was not an all-Gaelic magazine, and Writing, Translation from Gaelic into English it was not necessary to give it a Gaelic title. of Scripture Passages selected from II. Kings, Chapters I. to XI. From English into Gaelic, Mr. MacLeod explained that it would be 10 Verses selected from St. John’s Gospel, Chap- undesirable to alter the title during the cur- ters I. to X. Special competitions for pupils rency of the present volume. attending Intermediate Schools. The piece Mr. Angus Robertson thought it was the feel- selected for recitation is Duncan Ban MacIn- ing of the meeting that it was desirable to sub- tyre’s Seacharan Seilge (Chunnaic mi ’n Damh stitute a more suitable title for the official Donn’s na h-Eildean). Songs for Junior Choirs magazine, and moved accordingly. —Unison and two-part harmony—“ Ochon mo Mr. Bartholomew was of opinion that such a Nionag,” “ Hugo laithill o,” “ Maol Ruanaidh motion would tie the hands of the Committee. Ghlinneachan,” “ lorram Cuain,” “ Heiteagan He considered it better to discuss any names Airin,” “ B’ fhearr learn fhin gu’m beireadh na which could be substituted. h-eireagan,” and the puirt a beul, “ An Cu After further consideration, a resolution was Ban.” adopted that it was desirable to change the Senior Section: —Literaiy—Poem not ex- title, and the subject was remitted to the Com- ceeding 50 lines, Humorous Gaelic Song set to mittee. a lively Gaelic air, Three Short Stories (700 words), Essay on “ The Highlander as depicted Propaganda Committee. by Sir Walter Scott and Dr. Neil Munro,” Essay The Chairman, in moving the adoption of the on “ The Outdoor Games of the Highlander ” minute, said the summer classes had had a (to include children’s games), Gaelic story ex- tremendous influence for good. They had tending to 2,000 words or more, Humorous given! heart to the teachers. Gaelic was being Dialogue. Oral—This section has been con- talked about, and An Comunn’s representatives tinued on former lines, and includes the acted met with a friendly response from the Gaelic- dialogue which has proved so successful and speaking teachers. In Sutherland the number popular. Solo Singing—For the Gold Medal of such teachers was far too limited. Repre- competitions, six songs are being selected for sentations should be made to Education each competition, and from which competitors Authorities in Sutherland and elsewhere that must choose. The Grain Mhora are “ Brat- advantage should be taken of vacancies to aichean na Feinne ” and “ Oran Mbr Mhic AN DEO-GREINE. 53 Leoid.” For ladies’ choirs, “ Smal an Turla-ch ” Curstan (a’ leantainn)—Air son mo chuid-se and “ Taladh ” ; mixed choirs, “ Gradh Geal de ’11 ghrain, faodaidh an ath dol r’a theine. Mo Chridh (Roberton), “ Moladh Beiim Ach, a ruin, ged tha mi bodhar fein, cluinnidh Dorain ” (1st prize harmony, 1920, J. N. Mac- mi rudan. Tha fios gu’m bheil do mhathair Conochie), “ Chunna mi ’n damh donn ” (1st toilichte. prize harmony, 1914, J. H. W. Nesbitt). Male Iain Ruadh—Tha fios gu’m bheil. Nach eil voice choirs—Mhuinntir a’ Ghlinne so ” and 1 dhith, co-dhiiibh, agus buadhal no dha r’an “ Mairi Laghach.” The competition for rural lionadh, is daoine an deidh fearann ur a choirs which appeared in the* postponed 1914 ghabhail. Mod Syllabus is repea,ted. The songs are Curstan—Ciod e, ruin ? “ Nunn Do Mhuile,” “ Cead deireannach nam Iain Ruadh—Tha i dhith, co-dhiubh, ’s gu’m beann,” and “ An nochd gur faoin mo chadal feum daoine an stoc a dheanamh suas. domh.” A prize is given for the best arrange- Curstan—Theid mi ’n urras gu’n dean i sin. ment in four-part harmony of the song, “ An Cha do chuir liib air dealg is fearr a dh’ fhigheas Dubh Ghleannach.” Instrumental music— stocainn na i. Competitions are continued ; also compilation Iain Ruadh—“ Stoc ; stoc ” tha mise ’g radh. of unpublished Gaelic vocal music. ’S ami tha mise a’ bruidhinn air mart buidhe a’ New Literary Competitions. ghreusaiche. The special sub-Committee appointed to Curstan—Ciod e tha thd ag radh! frame rules to regulate the new literary com- Iain Ruadh—Stoc tha mise bruidhinn air, a petitions for which prizes had been presented bhean. by Messrs Duncan MacLeod and Angus Robert- Curstan—Seadh, seadh. ’S ciod e, riiin, son reported that a draft of the proposed con- rud is feumaile na stocainn bhlath thioram ditions had been prepared. The proposed Mac- nuair thig fear an tighe dachaidh is began na millan prize and the teachers’ prize competi- bhrogan. tions had been remitted for further considera- Iain Ruadh (a’ togail a ghuth)—Bo-bhuidhe tion. It was stated that all correspondence in a’ ghreusaiche, tha mise ag radh. connection with these competitions would be Curstan—Biodh iad buidhe no donn, nach conducted in Gaelic. coma! Nach math, a ruin, ann iad, ged a b’e The following notice of motion for considera- ciar na caora bhiodh annta. ’S theid mise ’n tion at next meeting was submitted by the sec- urras gu’m bi do theintean gl6 sheasgar. retary in name of Mr. T. D. Macdonald, Oban— Iain Ruadh (a leth-taobh)—An rud a gheibh “ That the official organ of An Comunn, An Deo an oinseach bhodhar so greim air, cha ’n ’eil e Greine, be published quarterly, and that it con- furasda chur as a claigeann. Tha e duilich a sist of 30 pages instead of 16 as at present; chur ann’s tha e duilich a chur as ; ’s an rud a that the price be 6d per copy, post free to mem- gheibh an seorsa greim air leanaidh iad ris, bers, and 2/6 per annum to non-members.” biodh e ceart no cearr, is liubhraidh iad e anns It was agreed to hold the next meeting of the gach aite ’san suidh iad, agus is lionar sin. An Council in Oban on Saturday, 19th March, 1921. cluinn thu’n iorram a th’ oirre an ceartair : A vote of thanks to the Chairman, proposed mar gu’m. biodh ann clach mhor a’ mhuillein. by Mr. Alex. Fraser, terminated the pro- Curstan (a’ leantainn aig an am cheudna)— ceedings. B’ aithne dhomhs, a ghaoil, a h-uile gin de ’n t-silidh ; agus b’ iad sin na daoine coir foghain- teach. Ged nach eil ise ach beag, is i DEALBH CHLUICh. boireannach beag sgiobalta bha ’na seanmhair, cuideachd; agus bu bhoidheach sin. Tha mo (Le Iain MacCormaig.) bheannachd a’d chuideachd, a laochain ; agus (Air a leantuinn o’n direamh mu dheireadh.) buaidh is piseach ort a h-uile latha ri d’ bheo. Iain Ruadh—Cha ’n ’eil sibh a’ tuigsinn na MOD 1914.—A’ CHEUD DUAIS. ciiise idir, a Churstan. Curstan—’S e sin a th’ innte gu’n teagamh’ AM FIONN SQEUL FEARTACH. nighean thuigseach. Lath math leat, a ruin, feumaidh mise ceum socrach a thoirt as. Na Pearsachan. Iain Ruadh-—0, bi falbh; ’s na na thilleas An Greusaich. Bean a’ Ghreusaich. tu. Ach nuair a gheibh mise a’ bhd bhuidhe Iain Ruadh. Nighean a’ Ghreusaich. air buadhar stadaidh, an clampar so. Cha Dughall Saor. Curstan Mhor. robh fear riamh de m’ shedrsa—sean fhleasgach Balach, Nigheanan is Gillean. mar their iad—nach robh anns a’ cheart chur- Bean-an-Tighe eile, is Fear-an-Tighe. chuige na ’n cluinnteadh gu’n taghladh e tigh 54 AN DEO-GREINE. ’sam biodh caileag 6g. Gonadh air an tean- ach a bhi gabhail leigheis an deididh do ’n gannan! ghaol: “ tri uighean feadaig nach do sheas riamh air mdintich,” mu’n d’ thubhairt iad e. Togar am Brat. Ho, ho ! Falbh, a laochain ; is turas math ort. (Falbhaidh am balach.) Am faca sibh sud, Dealer IV. fheara. Cha ’n fhaod e bhi nach creid sibh Tigh a’ Ghreusaich bhur da shiiil fein. ’S gun a stigh ach Peigi. Fear de na gillean—Cha d’ thug mi cluas riamh dha gus an so; ach tha mi faicinn a nis Peigi (ag obair air feadh an tighe)—Cha b’ gu’m faod fiughair a bhi againn ri crathadh nan ionghnadh idir mo chluasan a bhi teth o’n cas ’sa gheamhradh fathast. thainig mi dhachaidh. ’S ann a tha mi air mo Am fear eile—Cha ’n ’eil mi creidsinn guth bhodhradh le sgeul-posaidh is sgeul bainnse; ’s dheth. Shaoilinn na’m biodh i dol a phosadh, gu dearbh, cha robh mi a’ deanamh feala-dha nach biodh i cho stritheil a’ teagasg coisir air dheth gus an d’ fhuair mi fios le firinn air a’ son Mod an Obain. Tha Peigi Bheag innidh chordadh urramach a rinn Iain Kuadh is m’ air a’ cheol. Tha coltaoh gu’n robh i anns an athair. Cha b’e idir fuireach feuch ciod e “ G.G.” an Glascho. bharail a bhiodh agam fein air a’ chins, ach Dughall Saor—Cha leig i leas gun dol do’n Peigi a bhualadh seachad mar gu’m biodh te Oban le coisir ged a bhiodh i pbsda. Nach ann de’n chrodh a tha ’sa bharthigh. Cha ’n a fhreagradh e gasda : “ Mrs. Iain Uuadh a’ ’eil fhios ciod e chaileag a th’ annamsa mur a Ghoirtein ” a bhi air ceann coisir. Ho, ho! biodh lad agam fein an deidh a bhi urad iiine Chlann, eudail! Nach e Iain fein a ni seinn- an Glascho. Ach tha sin agam agus ceird eadair! Nach e dheanadh an tenor! Ha mhath aige cuideachd. Electrician, Electri- ha! cian ! Ach, 0 ho, nach tusa, Willie Cunning- A’ cheud grille—Nach bu ghasda dol a dh’ ham, a dheanadh an gaire na’m biodh tu ciil eisdeachd na coisir an nochd! Am bheil sibh nan dorsan an so, agus Gaidhlig a bhi agad. toileach Sin na bheil de choire agam dha: nach eil Dughall Saor agus an gille eile—Toileach Gaidhlig aige. (Air a socair.) Ach co- gu leoir. dhiiibh, gheibh Iain Ruadh fios a sheartain— A’ cheud grille—Seadh, ma ta. Coinnich- stad thusa! (Suidhidh i sios is sgriobhaidh i eamaid an so feasgar, is theid sinn ann comhla. litir.) So a nis, cuiridh so glong air nuair a Sian leibh an drasda. gheibh se e. Cuiridh mi Niall Beag leatha. Dughall Saor agus an gille eile—Mar sin (Theid i mach is tuitidh am brat.) leatsa. Cuimhnich gu’n tig thu. Dealer V. Air an rathad (taobh-beoil a’ Bhrait). Tuitidh am Brat. Chithear Dughall Saor is dithis ghillean. Dealer VI. Dxtghall Saor (a’ tachairt air each)-—Tha latha gasd’ ann, fheara. Suidhibh is lasaibh Tigh a’ Ghreusaiche. ’ur pioban. Ciod e a tha dol? Cha ’n ’eil a stigh ach Peigi, ’s i dol troimh Fear be na gillean—0, chan ’eil ach an aon na h-6rain. rud. Cha ’n fhaigh sinn air an lionadh no air Peigi—So oran dithis : “ Caol Muile.” Feum- an traghadh ach an aon rud. Pbsadh Iain aidh mi comharra a chur air air son a’ Mhoid. Ruaidh. Ach cha ’n fhaigh mi bun no barr Freagraidh e gasda, far an cluinnear fuaim nan aig an tum-tam a th’ ann. Tha iad cho tonn air cladach Mhuile. (Seinnidh i rann falchaidh air an da thaobh’s nach eil fios aig rithe fein.) Bidh e againn an nochd. Co tha’n neach ciod e their e. so? (Thig Niall Beag a steach.) 0, an do Am fear bile—B’ fheairrde sinn banais, co- thill thu, Neill? Ciod e ’n naidheachd a th’ dhiubh. agad ? An do leugh e ’n litir ? Dughall Saor—Sin agaibh Iain Ruadh. Niall—Leugh. Ma’s fxor an radh thig a’ bhanais a dh’ aon Peigi—Ciod e ’n craiceann ’san robh e An phlup oirbh mar thig na frasan ’san fhoghar. robh coltas feargach air? Ha, ha! Co tha tighinn an so? Niall beag Niall—Cha robh. Mairi. C’ ait eil an ceum so, bhalaich Peigi—Ciod e thubhairt e? Niall Beag—Tha mi dol le litir gu Iain Niall—Thubhairt e nach robh atharrach Ruadh bho Pheigi Rheag: air: gu’n robh iomadh te cho math rithe air Dughall Saor—Hi hi-i-i) Nach d’ thubhairt feadh na diithcha. mi ribh! Saoil nach eil an gnothuch air fas Peigi—Ho, hd ! An robh coltas aimhealach teth. Ho, ho! Cha ’n ’eil aig balaich a nis air ’ga radh. An do mhothaich thu an robh AN DEO-GREINE. 55 anail ’na uchd is rudha ’na aodann. Ho, ho! dha chluais cho bodhar ri cluasan ghobhar ’san Ciod e tuillidh a thubhairt e 1 fhoghar. Niall—Thubhairt e gur h-ann agad fein a Iain Ruadh—U, fhuair mise sathaichean deth, bha ’n facal mu dheireadh ’sa chilis co-dhiiibh. cuideachd. Sud amalaireachd Dhughaill Shaoir. Cha’n ’eil tamh air ach ri eachlair- Peigi—Ho, ho ! Chuir an litir air! Nach eachd. do chuir a nis ! An robh a ghuth air chrith ; ’s Peigi—0, Iain, ma thig muinntir na cbisir an an do thoisich e air sealltuinn mu’n cuairt air ceartair, agus gu’m faigh iad an so leinn fein na cnocan, ’s a riiraoh na pidba ’na phocannan, sinn, cha chuir an saoghal a null orra nach ann ’s a phiob fad na h-uine ’na bheul? ri fior— Niall—Cha robh. Ach bha e ag radh gu’m Iain Ruadh—Tha cho math dhomh mo faiceadh e thu fein an nochd fathast, ’s nach chasan a thoirt learn, ma ta, is thig mi am rachadh sibh far a cheile air a shon. maireach a dh’ iarraidh a’ mhairt; ’s cha ’n Peigi—Seadh : ’s tha e dol a thighinn. Ach fhaod e bhi nach cuir sinn stad air an teang- ’s e sin fein a bhitheas aige air a shon. So annan. Stad! Co bhios an so ? Cuiridh dhuitse, ruin; ’s gu’n robh math agad. mi geall gur iad a tha ’n so. Ciod e ni mi, Niall—Gu robh maith agad. (Falbhaidh Pheigi ? e-) Peigi—0, dhuine chridhe, bheir iad an Peigi (rithe fein) Seadh, seadh. Tha e fein saoghal mu’r cinn. Rach am falach cho luath a’ tighinn. Dh’ fhaoidteadh nach misd ’an ’s a rinn thu riamh. Greas ort; greas ortl gnothuch idir e thighinn. ’S iomadh iasg No bheir iad mo nair asam. math a thogas ri dubhan an am a bhi ’g iasgach Iain Ruadh (air udal a riirach aite falaich’s nan cuidainnean; ’s cha mhisd’ idir ainm a’ feuchainn a h-uile ciiil)—C’ ait ’an teid mi ? pbsaidh a bhi aig caileagan. ’S minic a thug C’ aite o’ aite? Fo ’n leabaidh? e fear bu roghnaiche an rathad. Ach ma Peigi—Tha sin lan buntata. theid breith air Iain Ruadh an so an nochd Iain Ruadh—Do ’n leabaidh fein ; ma, ta; leamsa; nach ann an sin a bhios an ubraid. Is air ciil nan ciiirteanan ? co nach creid an sin e. Tha cuideiginn an so. Peigi—Saoil nach bu ghasda na’m faighteadh (Thig Iain a steach. Bruidhnidh Peigi fuar an sin thu. Cha ’n ’eil dol as . a nis againn. ris.) Tha iad aig an stairsnich. Ciod a thug idir Peigi—Thig air t’ aghaidh, Iain. So, suidh. an so thu? Cha chluinn mi dheireadh am Iain Ruadh—Ciod e ’n srann a th’ air cail- bliadhna so. Leum a steach fo’n bhbrd, ’s air eagan an nochd? do bheb na gluais gus am falbh iad. Na Peigi—U direach mar is abhaist. An d’ tarruing t’ anail ach gann. 0, nach b’e so e! fhuair thu mo litir? (Theid Iain fo’n bhbrd ag radh: “ Mart Iain Ruadh—Ma ta, fhuair. ’S an ann mar buidhe na bochdainne ! B’ aill learn nach cuala sud a tha a’ chilis a’ dol a bhi. mi riamh iomradh oirre.”) Peigi—0, ’s ann. Cha ’n ’eil mi idir buidh- (Sgaoilidh Peigi brat mbr air a’ bhbrd.) each a leithid a rud a dheanamh air mu chill. Peigi—So, a nis, bi cho samhach ris a’ Sud direach an t-seann doigh. Nach robh gu mharbh. Na gluais air do bheb. Feuch nach lebir ged a b’ i a’ bho dhubh a bhiodh tu ’g casd thu. iarraidh, a leithid sud a dheanamh ? Iain Ruadh (’s e cur a mach a chinn)—Am Iain Ruadh—Tuts, a Pheigi, ghaoil. Ciod e bheil Dughall ann. Seall. air thalamh an t-eadar-dhealachadh a th’ ann? Peigi (a’ maoidheadh air)—Uist! Cha leir dhomhs e. (Thig gillean is nigheanan a steach.) So, Peigi—Cha leir duits’ e. Ach is leir so. Tha mi direach a’ feitheamh ribh. dhbmhs e. Is cha ’n fhuiling mi e. Dh’ Suidhibh mu’n cuairt. Tha ’n t-am againn a fhalbh na seann laithean sin; ’s cha ’n iongh- bhi dol ’nar gleus mu’n tig duine a steach. nadh idir na mnathan aotrom ud an Lunnainn Feuchaibh an toiseach “ An t-Eilean Muileach.” a bhi deanamh mar tha iad a’ deanamh. Na (Seinnear an t-bran. Leth-shuil aig Peigi air cluinneam an cbrr deth (’s i a’ breabadh a cois). a’ bhbrd. Gun fhios dith tarruingidh i aire Iain Ruadh (a’ gaireachdaich)—An iad sin chaich, cuideachd, air. Bithidh siiil mu seach na “ Suffargets.” Tha fios nach e “ Suffargets ” aca air. Thig Dughall agus an dithis eile a a th’ annad, a Pheigi. Ha, ha ! Gu dearbh, steach. Suidhidh Dughall air a’ bhbrd. na ’n robh fios a’m air, cha d’ thainig mi riamh Dughall Saor (nuair sguireas an’ t-bran)— a cheannach na boine buidhe. ’S cha bhi’n cbrr Tha sin direach ceutach. Air m’ onoir! ’S air, ma ta. tha mi togail nam facal a cheart cho math’s ged Peigi—0, nach ann a nis a tha mi tuigsinn an cbrdadh a rinn thu fein is m’ athair. C6 nis nachp biodh—Tha ach nis aon An ghuth Comunn ann. Gaidhealach a’ a chuir a mach an uirsgeul ud a dh’ fhag mo toirtEIGI seachad duais air son “ Oran dithis ” ; is 56 AN DEO-GREINE. tha toil again dithis a chur suas air son “ Gaol Dughall Saor—Sadia! Thainig an cat as Muile ” a sheinn. a’ phoca mu dheireadh ged a shaoil sinn gu’m Dughall Saor (’s e daonnan a’ cluich a chois. b’e cu a bh’ ann. Ho-hb ! Iain a’ faotainn a sharachadh leis. Peigi a’ cur An Greusaich (a’ gaireachduinn)—Ciod e so, na sill troimhe)—Sin e direach. Cha b’ urrainn Iain ? Ho-hb ! Am bheil thu as deidh mo a bhi na bn bhoidhche. Tha ’n t-bran’s an t- nighinn aite bbidheach agus ceutach. ’S ann a Bean a’ Ghreusaich—Tha mise tuigsinn, mhuinntir taobh Chaol Mhuile bha mo shean- ’ille, gu’m bheil na croisean so an deidh do mhair a thaobh m’ athar, a mhuinntir na sharachadh. Ciod e air thalamh a thug fo’n Morairne. bhbrd thu? (Seinnidh dithis “ Gaol Muile.^ Mu’m bi iad Iain Ruadh—Thainig mise an so gu reidh troimhe thig an greusaich’s a bhean a steach. siobhalta air gnothuch a tha fios agaibh fein air, Dughall Saor (nuair thig crioch air an bran) agus— —Nach eil sud ceutach, a nis, a chuideachd ! 0, Dughall Saor—Dh’ fheumadh gu’m biodh luaidh, a luaidh! Nach beag a shaoil mi fios aca fein air. Ho, hb ! riamh gu’n robh urad de mhaise ’sna h-brain Iain Ruadh—0, dhuine! Tha fios agadsa, Ghaidhlig. Nuair chuimhnicheas mi ’n drann- cuideachd, air, is chuir thu do char fein air gus dail a bhiodh againn orra ’nar dbigh fein, ’s ann am bheil mi air mo bhbdhradh. Agus’s e sin a bhitheas sgleamas orm. gu cead o’n chuideachd a chuir mi fo’n bhbrd Bean a Ghreusaich—Coma leatsa. Rinn an an nochd mi—a shabhaladh o’n tuilleadh t-seann dbigh a latha fein gu h-eireachdail, agus bruidhne—gus am faighinn fath air teicheadh ’s iomadh cruinneachadh mor ceutach air an do nuair a sgaoileadh a’ chuideachd. Ach nuair chuir i loinn. Mur a bhi i, cha robh an dbigh a gheibh mise am mart buidhe ’sa Ghoirtean ur ann. Thig daonnan innleachd a innleachd. sguiridh a’ chagarsaich. Agus ni mi com- Peigi—Gabhaidh sinn a nis “ Horo mo chuid panach cionnta dhiotsa, Dhughaill! chuideachd thu.” Peigi—Cha ’n fhaod e bhi nach eil, sibh Dughall Saor (a’ bualadh a bhas)—Gasda, toilichte nis. So, beireadhmaid an aire air ur gasda I gnothuch. An Greusaich—Teannaibh a null am bbrd as Dughall Saor—So, so, ma ta ; Hug oirbh! an rathad, ma ta. Beiribh dhuinn “ Crodh Chailein.” Thug Crodh Dughall Saor—Sin e; sin e. Null e. So Iain deagh fhearas-chuideachd duinn cheana. (Ve breith air). Suas i; suas i! Peigi—Cha teann ; tha’m bord gu math, agus Iain Ruadh—Gu dearbh, gheibh mi fein fois gu ro mhath. Tha feum eile agamsa air a a dh’ bisdeachd a nis. Sbinnibh “ Caol Muile ” bhbrd; ’s cha teid am bbrd a charachadh. fathast. Cha chuala mi ceart roimhe e leis na Seachainni e. Leig leis. ^ sgailcean a bha mi faotainn o shailtean An Greusaich (a’ breith air a’ bhbrd, e fein is Dhughaill. Dughall)—Biodh a rogha feum agad air. Cha ’n (Ni a’ chuideachd gaire.) ’eil duine dol g1 a itheadh. So, a Dhughaill, as Bean a Ghreusaich—0, Dughall aotroim, gun an rathad e. chiatamh air. Tha e daonnan ri cron. Peigi (a’ breith air a’ bhbrd)—Tha’m bord a Peigi—So, ma ta, Seinneamaid “Crodh dhith ormsa an ceartair; is leigibh leis. Chailein ” air ailgheas Dhughaill, feuch an tog (Dughall Saor agus An Greusaich a’ slaodadh e theanga dhiomsa, (Ni a’ chuideachd gaire.) a’ bhiiird, is Peigi ’ga chumail.) Seinnear “ Crodh Chailein.” Dughall Saor—Feumaidh gu’m bheil an cu Tuitidh am Brat. ’na laighe air na taslain. A’ Crioch. An Greusaich—Tha rud-eigin ’na laighe air na taslain. Truis am mach ! Truis ! Truis ! Droch cbmhdhail ort, a chreutair ghranda ; nach tu fhuair an leabaidh. Truis am mach a sm ! Fialachd do’n fhbgarrach is cnamhan briste Truis ! Truis ! (E breabadh Iain.) do’n eucorach. Peigi (aig a’ cheart am)—An cluing sibh, athair. An cluinn thu, Dhughaill? Fagaibh An lamb a bheir’s i gheibh. am bbrd. Tha’m bbrd gu math. An cluinn sibh? An cluinn sibh? Stadaibh! Tha’m Is iomadh mir a thug thu do ’n bheul a mhol bbrd gu math. Leigibh dhbmhsa dol air m’ thu. aghaidh le ni’ ghnpthuch. . Cinnidh a’ chrionntachd, is theid an ro- (Theid car de’n bhbrd. Eiridh Iain ga chrionntachd a dholuidh. chrathadh fein. Peigi .air a narachadh. A’ chuideachd a’ glaodhaich’s a’ bualadh am bas.) Cha lion beannaxihd brii. AN DEO-GUEINE. 57 HIGHLAND RECONSTRUCTION. The nineteen pages of Introduction give a short historical summary from early times to By H. F. Campbell, M.A., B.L., F.E.S.G.A., the present, but full of interesting information Advocate in Aberdeen. Glasgow : Alex- that Gaels ought to know. lu the twelve chap- ander Maclaren & Sons, Argyle Street, ters that make up the rest of the book, the 10/6. following problems are dealt with :—Area and The author of this admirable and tem- Population of the Highlands; the Gaelic Cen- perately worded volume has proved himself to sus ; Educational Progress and Educational be well equipped for the work he has under- Endowments; the Land and Re-settlement; taken. The book will command attention Agriculture; Fisheries ; Forestry and the Game beyond the so-called “ Highland line.” Mr. Laws ; Kelp and other Minor Industries; Campbell gives evidence of patient research in Housing and Medical Service; Public Adminis- its compilation. The facts and deductions tration ; the Highlands and the Empire; Re- therefrom are stated with a judicial and sane construction and the Gaelic Revival. The-e restraint which should appeal to us all whatever are valuable and interesting appendices, especi- our opinions, preconceived or otherwise, may ally Appendix III., which gives in detail be. In dealing with such an important, yet statistics relating to Highland Educational thorny, subject as Highland Reconstruction, Endownrents ;n each county, with their value. many might be tempted to “ let themselves go,” The dates and other statistics bearing on the so to speak, and perhaps few would blame them. subjects treated are most valuable for refer- But in this book we have an array of facts (and ence. We regrei that the limits of our space “ facts are chiels that winna ding ") that com- preclude us from quoting at some length items pel even a hostile critic to pause. Within its of interest illustrating the value of this volume, 314 pages one finds well arranged material that and we must leave our readers to find this out could be obtained only from wide and laborious for themselves. But we cannot forbear giving reading of old documents and statutes, and this a few. Referring to future prospects, Mr. to many of us would be a weariness to the flesh. Campbell writes : —“ What promise is there But this volume saves us all this, and it is a of an economic advance in the Highlands after good thing that we have in Mr. Campbell that the war? With growing unanimity people combination of scholarship and instinct for have sought for this advance in two directions. research that enables him to produce a work of While something is to be expected from the such surpassing interest. It is a veritable mine application of increased scientific knowledge of information, and no Gael worthy of the and improved methods of agriculture and name, if he has any regard for the development fisheries, the future of the Highlands depen Is of things connected with his native country, can largely on afforestation and the development ff afford to be without it. Surely Highlanders water power.” As regards the diverting of should be well informed in things Highland, funds originally meant for the Highlands, M”. and thus be in a position to meet the arguments Campbell writes : —“ If funds which ought to of unfriendly critics. be applied within the Highlands were diverted The subject of “ Highland Reconstruction ” to the Lowlands, there would be a recurrence is one that has been much talked and written of what has occurrd time and again in High- about since the war ended, and indeed before land history. It is well known that the cost of that, but it ended largely in mere talk. The the erection of the Register House, Edinburgh, Government itself took part in the chorus, and was met out of the proceeds of the sale of for- now that it is blamed for non-fulfilment of its feited estates (mostly Highland) after the promise, ex-service men are getting exasperated Kisings on behalf of the Stuarts. Had these and trouble is brewing. In this book, how- monies been applied, as they should have been, ever, the subject has been presented in a light within the Highlands, much benefit might have that is bound to arrest the attention of our been secured thereby, and the Lowlands would administrators who may be engaged in not have suffered appreciably in consequence.” grappling with Highland problems. Mr. Camp- Many people do not know this. We might bell’s credo, we take it, is Land Settlement, almost call it robbery reduced to a fine art— Housing, Education, and Gaelic, All these spiiinneadh na Gaidhealtachd. Mr. Camp- questions receive adequate treatment in the bell deals also with the case of the Highland volume before us. His aim, as he says in his Society founded in 1784 for the promotion )f preface, is “ to indicate such outstanding the educational and agricultural interests of the elements. in a sound renewal, of the Highland Highlands. “This Society,”.he says, “did body politic, as would place a healthy and satis- much for the promotion of Highland education fying citizenship on a firm and enduring basis.” and the Gaelic language. Gradually, however, Surely a noble aim, and worthy of support. the interests and aims of the Society were 58 AN DEO-GREINE. diverted to the Lowlands. To-day not one in * BODACH NA GEALAICH. ten of the directors of the Highland and Agri- cultural Society belongs to the Highlands, and (Rinneadh an t-oran abhaelidach so o cheann moran practically the whole revenues are applied in bhliadhnachan air ais le Eoghan MacPheitir (Eoghan promoting agriculture and agricultural educa- andiugh tailleir), ach chithearan Eisdeal. anns naCha r.mnan ’u ’eil soam cho b&rd geur-inn- b6o an tion in the Lowlands.” What a misnomer the tinneach, beachdail ’sa bha e.—l.M.C.) title of this Society is! The funds at the dis- posal of the Highland Trust are also dealt with -S I in the book. Those interested in what consti- maich, J tutes the Highland area and the demarcation which goes by the name of “ The Highland -•sis :-.s,s 11 Line ” will find reliable information also. do I lochran tha’n loinn. Parishes with their area, valuation, and popular -•sis f tion in 1911 are also given. We do not know do chriiisgean of any work dealing with the Highlands that is stored with such useful information in so compact a form. There is a serviceable index of persons and places prepared by the author’s daughter. As already indicated, a book like this, so tem- perately written, and free from padding, but 3 latha .s 11soills’; none the less pointed, should arrest the atten- tion of those who have failed to recognise the I? clamant necessities of a long neglected part of [ ’S ged a theid thu | n sin Scotland as regards land, education, and the general well-being of a people who have j m’S .nro mhath| dh’m .- fhair- :r 1| icheasii tu-s, ’n | oidhch’.s, ||II |j achieved imperishable renown in defence of the Empire, and yet who received little or no reward * The air was notedDewar, down Mull,from bythe M.singing N. M. by Rev. Archibald for their heroism. Whether the day of atone- ment is about to dawn, time will tell. We shall Bha cuideigin dhomhsa ’g innseadh, have to “ wait and see.” Throughout, this Ma’s i an fhirinn a th’ ann, book is written in a crisp, attractive style. The Gu ’n do bhrist thu uair an t-Sabaid, type is clear, and the general gebup is credit- Ge b’e abhachd a bha d’ cheann; able to the publisher. Mr Campbell is a Vice- Is gu ’n d’ fhuair thu peanas laidir President of An Comunn Gaidhealach, and is a Mai- eisimpleir do chach’s gach am, strong supporter of Gaelic. When the next Gu’m biodh tu ’n sud a’ gearradh craoibhe edition is being prepared, one or two slips Cho fad ’sa bhios an saoghal ann. should be corrected. An T’ oranaiche should be An T-Oranaiche, Leabhar na Glean should be Bha Mgr. Clerk an Cille Bhrighde, Leabhar nan Gleann. Should J. MacRitohie Ri feallsanachd fhior aig am, (foot of page 299) not be David MacRitchie? Bha e ’na shuidhe ’sa gharadh Soirbheachadh le leabhar ciatach a’ Chaim- ’S gloine aghmhor ’na laimh ; beulaich. A Ghaidheala cuiribh taic ris le bhi Bha sgealban daraich a’ tighinn lamh ris a fosgladh bhur sporanan, agus gheibh sibh A bhrist an cal’s gach luibh a bh’ ann, eolas air rudan a bhuineas gu sonruichte do Agus siiil gu ’n d’ thug e suas ort leasachadh bhur diithcha fhein. Chunnaic e thu’s tuagh ’nad laimh. Bha thu a’ sliseadh na craoibhe, ’S tu ’ga taosgadh chun an lair, Mai- a ghiulaineadh a’ ghaoth iad Is uasal mac an uasail ail tir nam meirleach. Rachadh iad gach taobh mar b’ aill; Is miann le triubhas bhi measg aodaich; is ’S ioma. cailleach bhochd tha d’ chomain miann learn fein bhi measg mo dhaoine. A bhodaich fhoghainteaoh mo ghraidh, Mar a ghleidh thu iad an connadh Is binn gaoh eun ’na dhoire fein. _ Oidhche dhoinionnach no dha. Ma’s geal, ma’s dubh, no ma’s donn is toigh ’S cinnt’ gu bheil do thuagh air maoladh, ’S gu bheil am faobhar aic air chall, leis a’ ghabhar a meann. A thaobh thu bhi cho trang le saothair Is trom an kire an t-aineolas. Air a’ ohraoibh ud aig gaoh am; AN DEO-GREINE. 59 Na’n leigeadh tu nuas le rop i, Mar as mo a thig an seideadh ’S gun ohabhag shoni'aichte bhi ann, ’S ann as geire theid i ’n ceann, Gheibheadh tu ’caradh an Gill Bhrighde, ’S trie thu marcachd nan tonn diibh-ghorm, ’N uair bhiodh tu direach os a cheann. ’S i le siirdag dol ’na deann; ’S trie gle fhliuch do chasag chiirainn Tha goibhnean an sud a tha sbnraicht’ ’S bail a pliichte sios mu d’ cheann, Tha iad foghluimt’ neo-ar-thaing, Is mur bu mharaiche gu d’ chill thu, Oibreachaidh iad gach seorsa iarainn Bha thu’n diugh gun siiiil, gun chrann. ’S gach miotailt as fiachaile th’ ann; 0, nach mis’ tha ortsa eblach Tha bodach neonach againn fhein A dhuine choir a th’ air an speur, Air am bi eucailean nach gann, ’S ged a ni mi beagan rannan Is charadh iad buileach a chuid creuchd, Cha ’n ann le magadh ach le speis; Ged bha iad deisneach iomadh am. ’S trie a rinn thu iiil do ’n mharaich’ Chunnaic mi oidhche’s gu’m b’ fhuar i ’N uair bhiodh e ruith air cladach breun, ’S tu ’ga our mu ’n cuairt le deann, Is mar an ceudna luchd an drama Bha i agad na bu luaithe A’ dol dhachaidh air bheag ceill. Na gaoth tuath ’nuair’s aiixle srann ; Bha i toirt sinteagan fuathasach Troimh neoil ghruamach, dhubha, mhall, LAND SETTLEMENT ASSOCIATION, ’S ro-mhath ghleidheadh tusa. cursa, Mar ni stiiiireadair gun mheang. In November there was a meeting of the Highland Land Settlement Association in the Christian Institute, Glasgow, at which great Bha i reeft agad gu ro-mhath, dissatisfaction was expressed regarding the ’S i ’na, gallop is ’na deann, dilatory method of the Board of Agriculture in Mar steud criiidheach a’ cur reise settling ex-service men on the land. It was Anns na speuran os mo cheann; maintained that the Land Settlement Act of Ged dheanadh dorchadas a comhdach 1919 has remained almost a dead letter. The ’S nach faiceadh tu do mheoir ach gann, demand is great. One speaker stated that ’S tu stiiiireadh troimh na neoil i there were 400 applications for holdings on ’Sa mhuir mhoir mar bharr nam beann. Scorrybreck, Skye, where only 40 can get satis- faction. Under pressure, the Board of Agri- Cha robh Columbus no De Gama culture were disposed to cut up the land Cook, no maraich’ eile bh’ ann, too much, and so render the new holdings Riamh cho cinnteach riut an cursa uneconomic. When the discussion turned Ged a bhiodh an stiiiir ’nan laimh ; towards consideration of what other organisa- Seana bhodach na gealaich, tion could do better than the Board, there was ’S e rogha mharaiche th’ ann, a divergence of view. Mr MacPhail, Jura, Ged bhios e gle thric aig aman proposed a resolution to constitute a Congested \S a chasan fada os a cheann. Districts Board. On the ground that there are already too many Boards, worth much less Tha e eolach amis na h-Innsean than their cost, it was urged that the County ’S anns gach rioghachd tha fada thall, Councils should be entrusted with the duties of A’ cheart cho math ’sa tha e san tir so Land Settlement. To this proposal it was ’N uair a bheir e sgriob a nail; answered that the large farmers and their A chombaist ’sa chairt-iiiil tha cinnteach, friends had too much say in these Councils. Tha iad firinneach aig gach am, Eventually the finding was that experts with Air roc no cladach cha d’ chuir riamh i, adequate power’s should be entrusted with the An ear no’n iar, no ceam a th’ ann. whole work of land settlement and the creation of economic holdings. The chairman (Mr. H. Bha Isaac Newton ort ro-eolach, F. Campbell, Aberdeen) drew attention to the An duine coir nach ’eil nis ann, Admiralty schemes for the benefit of ex-service Mar dheanadh tu ’ghealach a shebladh fishermen, and maintained that these schemes ’Dhol air bhoitsean fada thall: did not take sufficient account of the Highland Cha ’n ’eil bade ’san Roinn Eoipa fishermen. Nach do shebl thu os a cheann, ’S ged a their mi ’n saoghal uile, Is fearr fuigheall na braide na fuigheall na ’S i ’n fhiiinn buileach a th’ ann. sgeige. 60 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY’S PAGE. Greenock, for Gaelic songs and pipe music illus- trative of the lecture. Sonas is agh do m’ chairdean guidheam Le failte ’s furan Rliadhn’ Uir; The weekly meetings of the Paisley High- An dreach a bhi ghnath mar bhlath a’ chuilinn landers’ Association continue to attract large Is gaire subhach ’nan gniiis. audiences. Officials of this well organised Mu’m fardaichean loinn is aoibh mu ’n cagailt’ Association are ardent supporters of An Air oidhche Challuinn biodh sunnd, Comunn, and last session gave the entire pro- ’Cur sean agus 6g le oebl air mhire ceeds of two concerts (£12 12s) to the Publica- ’S le drain mhilis ar duthch’. tion Fund. The Re-union is being revived, * * * and a large gathering is confidently antici- The Syllabus for the Glasgow Mod is now in pated. Buaidh leo. the hands of the printer, and should be ready The sudden death of Mr. Dugald MacLachlan, for circulation about the middle of the month. B.L., startled the Highland community of Intending competitors will find subjects for Glasgow. A native of Ardnamurchan, Mr. competition in the Mod and Music Committee’s MacLachlan started business on his own account report, to the Executive Council published in in the city 35 years ago, and during all these this issue. Selected songs for the Gold Medal years was closely associated with Highland competitions are under consideration, and will affair's in the city. He was Secretary and be included in the Syllabus and repeated in this Treasurer of the Glasgow Argyllshire Society page. Societies or individuals wishing to give and a director of the Highland Society. Young prizes for special competitions should communi- Highlanders coming to Glasgow always found cate with me without delay in order, if accepted, in Mr. MacLachlan a true friend and adviser. to allow competitors time to prepare for the For 50 years he had been a member of St. Mod. * * * Columba Parish Church, and acted as congrega- The Mod Local Committee, under the Con- tional treasurer. The funeral was largely venership of Mr. Malcolm MacLeod, has attended by representatives from the various already arrangements well forward. The Highland Societies in the city. Finance Sub-Committee (Mr. Alex. Fraser, The Dundee Gaelic Musical Association Choir Convener), and the Halls Sub-Committee (Mr. held their annual concert in the Y.M.C.A. Hall Colin Sinclair, Convener), held meetings there on 15th December. The attendance was recently and will report progress to a meeting so large that a number failed to gain admission of the General Committee to be held early this to the hall. Programme items included the month. Other sub-committees are—Pro- Mod Test songs and Scottish Choral pieces, gramme Committee (Rev. T. S. MacPherson, while the soloists selected largely from the Convener) and Ladies’ Committee (Mrs. Christi- “ Songs of the Hebrides.” The feast of song son, Convener). was thoroughly enjoyed by the large audience. At the Highland Girls’ Club in Renfrew A large gathering for the 12th January is being Street on 15th December, Mr. Fred. T. Mac- arranged for under the auspices of the com- Leod, Edinburgh, addressed a large gathering bined Highland Societies.* * * of members and friends on “ Highland Music A recently-formed Highland Association in and Songs.” Miss Campbell of Succoth pre- Edinburgh—Tir nam Beann—promises well, sided. The lecture was listened to attentively and deserves every encouragement. A Gather- and thoroughly enjoyed by all. Miss Currie ing is being arranged. The Edinburgh Gaelic sang several Gaelic songs and gave Highland Musical Association Choir, under the leadership selections on the piano, and Mr. Archd. Mac- of Mr. Neil Orr, was prominent on an excellent Donald gave appropriate selections on the programme submitted to a large audience in violin. the Usher Hall recently. The Greenock Highland Society has been resuscitated, and a Grand Concert is to be held The principal gatherings this month in Glas- in the Town Hall on 2nd February, with the gow are the Mull and Iona and the Mid-Argyll Duke of Atholl in the chair. I had the pleasure on the 21st, the Inverness-shire and the Uist of reading before a large gathering of Greenock and Barra on the 28th. If Highland Societies Highlanders recently a paper on “ Highland would act more in concert, this clashing of Music.” I am indebted to Miss Myrtle Camp- dates could be avoided. bell, Clydebank, and Pipe-Major Ralloch, Niall. AN DEO-GREINE. 61 THE GAELIC POETRY OF A1RD. E thighinn gu fhonn is gu fhearann, Is gu oighreachd a sheanair; It has frequently occurred to me that a col- Mi-loinn air an fhear leis nach b’ aill e. lection of the Gaelic poetry of the Aird— Duthaich Mhic-Shimidh—would prove an admir- Fhir thug Israel thairis, able addition to the territorial Gaelic literature A chruthaich grian agus gealach, of the Northern Highlands. Here and there, Cuir an duthaich le ceannas na h-Airde. scattered through a number of old Gaelic Gleannach. volumes, some of which at least are exceedingly rare, and, unfortunately also, floating about still uncollected and unpublished, are many ALBA. interesting and exquisite compositions having reference to the Aird, its people, its history, 0 ! Alba fath mo mhuirn, and traditions. Why does not somebody hav- Do stucan corrach ard, ing the time and the inclination take up this ’S cho trie’s a dhiiisg do gharg’s do chiiiin, matter as a labour of love? The work should A cheolraidh iiiil nam bard; be its own reward. Bidh coin a’ seinn an coill do ghleann, I wonder if any of “ An Deb Greine’s ” Gur badach fraoch air taobh do bheann, numerous readers can throw any light on the ’S ni ’n seillean srannd ’ga dheoghal, authorship and story of the following lines ’S na h-ail air lar’s a bheothail recently come under my notice. They are ’S d’ uillt gu liibach, carach, caoin, very interesting: -— Le cronain saorsa ’siubhaJ. Caismeachd na h-Airde. A thir nam briith’s nan cluan, ’S trom mo cheum’s mi air m’ aineol, Nan gleann, nam bruach’s nan raon, Anns an tir so dol thairis; Tha ’n cluaran gorm le ’chriinan dearg, Dheanainn faoilte ri beannaibh na h-Airde. Ri lainnir dealr’ fo bhraon; ’N am bhi direadh Shrath-Fhairig, Dachaidh ard nan laoch gun fhiamh, 'S mor gu’m b’annsa Srath-Farrair, A chiim do chliii gun mhiichadh riamh. Far nach cunntadh iad bainne nam ba rium. Troimh ioma’ pian is arraid, Gheibhinn iasg agus sithionn, Gun mheat, gun sgath’s a charraid Im, cais, agus gruitheam, ’S nach geill’s a’ chruas, air sail no fonn, ’S bhiodh mo chairdean gu m’ghuidhe gu fardaich ’Nuair theid an lann a thairuing. A Righ ! gu’m b’ uimeach mo leabaidh, ’Chur bac’ air feachd na Roimh, Ann am biadh’s ann an caidreamh, ’S a chum a chroic ’o thuath, Eadar Struidh Mhor nam bradan is Aiglis. ’S thug dubhlan anns a h-uile doigh Eadar Dunaidh na coille, Do Lochlunn mor thar stuadh ; Agus Bruigheach an t-seilich ; Gus anns a’ chath air traigh na Learg, ’S air mo lamh-sa nach ceileadh iad gradh orm. An d’ fhag am fuil an saile dearg, Mo chion ort Iain bha suairce, ’S o’n d’ rinn iad falbh an caise, Chaoidh cha tabhair mi fuath dhuit, x ’S do nearhsa Alb’ am braise, Aig fheobhas’s a fhuair mi thair chach thu. C6 ’namh nach clisg a chridh’ ’na thaobh Beir an t-soraidh null thairis Roimh ghniiis do laoch gun taise. A dh’ ionnsuidh ’n duthaich tha thall-ud, ’N uair bhagair Sasunn bend, Far an d’ fhuair mi re tamull de m’ arach. Le h-armailt threun gu stri, Chaidh fios ’na dheann a nunn’s a nail, Gu muinntir mo chridhe, 0 cheann gu ceann do’n tir, Far nach cluinntear am bruidhinn, ’N sin chrath an Leogh an ’mhiiing le colg, ’Nuair a dheanadh iad suidhe’s tigh-tharlaidh. Is nochd 6 ’dheud tha geur gu tolg, ’S e bu bheus dhoibh mar chleachdadh Tha sud ’ga lorg, mar fhasan, Ag 61 fion dearg ’am pailteas; ’Nuair dheireas fhearg ’na lasan Greis air ’pioban tombaca’s air manran. Gu’m b’ oillt a bheuchd’s a bheul fo choip, * ’S iad gun bhruaillean, gun trioblaid, ’S an Dragon borb fo ’chasan. Gun luaidh air a’ bhiodag ; Bha gaol bhi saor, a’d chridh, Ach a’ paigheadh na thigeadh mar bhraithrean. Is tlachd do shlth ’ga reir, Ach na ’m b’ aill le Mac-Shimidh, ’Nach do strioch'd an teas na ’n stri Thighinn a thamh ma’ ri chinneadh, Do shagairt, righ, no cleir; Air mo lamh-sa nach pillear an drasd’ e. ’N uair dh’ fhas na h-uaibhrich dalm’, 62 AN DEO-GREINE. Chaidh thusa ’n ohoill a sheinix nan salm, one meeting read a paper on the “ Characteris- A toirt do leanababh mar-nut, tics of the Highlander,” and at a recent meeting A theagasg dhoibh ri ’maireaim, the Rev. D. Finlayson read a paper on “ Dr. Gun saorsa cogais chuir air chid Norman MacLeod,” “ Caraid nan Gaidheal.” A dh’ aindeoin Diiic no Baran. writingsMr. Murdo of CaraidKerr read nan selectedGaidheal pieces illustrative from the of Lb Barrach-ban. his style of prose writing. The meetings are * ‘'Coip ’—Frothing at the mouth. well attended and thoroughly enjoyed. Noth.—This song can he sung to the air, “The Portmahomack. — Regular meetings are being Battle of Stirling Bridge ” lastheld, session’sand the meetingsenthusiasm is beingwhich maintained. characterised RooAiiT. —This newly-formed Branch is meeting BRANCH REPORTS. carriedregularly, on. andThe reading former andis being singing taught classes by Rev. are Mallaig. —At a recent meeting of the Mallaig ductedAlan Mackenzie, by Mr. whileHugh the Mackay, singing classMod is Goldcon- CeilidhsBranch everyit was Friday unanimously fortnight. decided Since to thenhold Medallist. thetwo veryPublic enjoyable School, Ceilidhsand on haveboth occasionsbeen held thein itsKilmuir. second session,Easter andThis the Branch president, has Rev. resumed J. C. gentlemenroom was crowded.delighted theThe audiencefollowing withladies singing and whichMacNaught, is highly is conductingpopular and a conversationalwell attended. class J.and MacKinnon, story-telling:—Mrs. A. MacLellan, D. MacDougall, E. MacAnlis, Misses M. Kiltabi.ily.— This Branch was re-formed on 5th A. MacLellan, and Messrs Dawson, A. MacIn- bain,November, addressed when aMr. meeting John N.under MacLeod, the chairman- Knock- Gillies,tyre, D. D. J. MacKenzie, MacLellan, A.D. MacLellan,MacKellaig, and D. ship of the Rev. Archibald MacDonald. The MacMaster. Mr. Allan Paterson gave selec- firstdespite Ceilidh the untowardwas held onweather 10th December,conditions, when,there favouredtions on thein having bagpipes. m^ny localThe Branchsingers andis greatly story- was a good attendance. Rev. A. MacDonald, tellers, and keen enthusiasm is shown by all. whichpresident, was ocupiedformed thesome chair. years Thebefore Gaelic the choir,great Arisaig — The Astley Hall was completely full war, was lately reorganised, with some valuable on the occasion of the third of a series of Ceilidhs severaladditions, four-part and gave songs, an effectiveincluding renderingthe Rallying of heldinaugurated recently, under and itthe was auspices an enjoyable of An andComunn suc- Song of An Comunn, “ Suas leis a’ Ghaidhlig.” cessful function. The meeting opened with Theexpression duet “O by till Misses a leannain” Gunn and was Macdonald, sung with whilegood MacDonald.excellent selections The featureon the ofbagpipes the entertainment by Mr. H. solos were sung with much acceptance by Mrs. was the telling of a good Seann Sgeulachd by ThsHugh Manse; Fraser, Mrs. the MacLeod,Bungalow; Megstone; Miss MacDonald, and Mr. Councillorrendered by William Messrs MacDonald.L. Gillies, AngusSongs Mac-were Ferguson, Tomnacross School. Special refer- Donald, James Gillies, John MacDonald, and enceeight must years be ofmade age—Miss to a promising Flora youngMacrae, vocalist, Cul- AnnieMrs. Cameron Gillies gave in a veryan amusing appreciative reading, style. and MissMr. burnie School—who sang two Gaelic songs with L. Gillies pleased immensely by his selections on heartilymuch sweetness encored. andTea purity was servedof accent, to theand audi- was thedent, violin. and MissMrs. Annie Angus Gillies, M'Eachen, secretary, vice-presi- were ence, and during the interval gramophone selec- hostesses for the evening. Cameron,tions were Postgiven Office, under who the kindly direction provided of Mrs. the LochbroomUr.LAPooL.—A Branch largely of Anattended Comunn meeting Gaidhealach of the instrument. Bagpipe selections were played by was held in the School, Ullapool, on Monday, TheMr. A.Manse, Stewart, presided Allanburn. at the piano.Mrs. MacDonald,The presi- 13thAfter inst.—Major a few items Fraser,of business Leckmelm, were dealtpresiding. with, dent, who delivered a Gaelic address in the Major Fraser, president, delivered the opening thankscourse ofto the variousproceedings, performers, proposed as wella vote as toof Migrationaddress, taking of the as Celtic his subject, Race through “ The WestwardEurope.” Mrs. Cameron, Allanburn; Mrs. Chisholm and The address, which was specially instructive theMr. tea;L. MacDonald,and a similar Loneckheim, compliment who having provided been throughout,ing by well-chosen was rendered selections exceedingly from Celtic interest- Mytho- paid to the Chairman, the proceedings ter- logy. A keen discussion followed, in which Leibh.”minated by the choir singing “ Oidhche Mhath several gentlemen took part. At the close a T.ochaber. — Several Ceilidhs have already been Frasercordial forvote his of verythanks able wasaddress. accorded to Major held, and the attendance is, as usual, very large. Scourte.—Meetings of the Branch were post- meetingsMr. Alex. with Campbell’s reference statementto Mrs. Grant at oneof Laggan of the Fraser,poned owing Headmaster, to the illness but whoof the is president,now, we Mr.are and the oft-quoted poem, “ Miann a’ Bhaird pleased to say, fully recovered. A class for andA vsda,” has wasconsequently erroneously evoked reported correspondence. in the press, hopesbeginners to form is being an advanced arranged, class. and Mr. Fraser What Mr. Campbell meant to convey was that Lochinver.—Several meetings of the Branch wereMrs. laidGrant in assertedSkye. thatNames the of scenes places of mentioned the poem have been held. The Rev. D. MacKinnon at in the poem are well known in Lochaber. Mr. £N DEO-GREINE. 63 John N. MacLeod, Knockbain, is expected to REVIEW. lectureholidays. some evening during the New-Year Glknetivb. — The general meeting of the Branch GUTHGlasgow. NA BLIADHNA. 1/6. A MacLaren & Sons, wasMacLean held recently.had tendered Miss their A. C. resignations Whyte and fromMiss The winter issue of “ Guth na Bliadhna ” com- the office of joint secretaries, but were prevailed plainsach with of thereference attitude to ofits An use Comunn of Gaelic Gaidheal- at its wasupon appointed to continue treasurer in office. in placeMr. of JamesMr. Duncan Scott meetings. It is an old story, but none the less MacLaren, who had left the district. The Branch pendeserving of A.M.E., of attention. and is temperatelyThe article iswritten from thein aagreed song toconnected offer a prizewith forGlenetive the best or rendering Dalness atof choice Gaelic, as might be expected. He maps the forthcoming Mod to be held in Glasgow. outnow, the and way he innotes which the Andifficulties Comunn andshould failings walk Rothesay.—The regular fortnightly meeting since its inception. He is pleased that now it of the Bute Branch was held on 3rd December. journey.is giving proofsHe pertinently of greater points enlightenment out that Gaelicin its accountIn the absenceof a severe of Captaincold, Mr. James Murdoch Kennedy MacKen- on will never obtain that position which it deserves zie presided. In view of the sudden death since Gaelicin the landmeetings until andwe haveAssociations the language of all usedkinds. at theMacPhail, previous it meetingwas decided of the to secretary, dispense Mr.with John the He asks: What is An Comunn doing in this usual programme. The Chairman made suitable tionsrespect? in music He should pleads have that a knowledgejudges at ofcompeti- Gaelic, Shaw,reference general to the secretary, late secretary, who was presentand Mr. for Neil the and that those in authority in the Comunn occasion, paid a tribute to the memory of Mr. minutesshould beof Committeesversed in theshould language, be written that allin bell,MacPhail and Mr.in Gaelic. J. C. MacLeanMr Martin, also Mr.spoke. A. Camp-Mr. Gaelic. It is, he writes, useless for people to Shaw sang “ Cumha Mhic Criomain,” all pre- beare shoutingnot prepared “ Suas to leisgo furthera’Ghaidhlig,” in its interest,if they sentThe standingfollowing whiletribute the from lament Captain was being Kennedy sung. and speak it on every occasion; in other words, was read : — beforeputting the the language language of of the our stranger, own people and firstnot A MhnathanBho ’n aagus choinnich a Dhaoin’ sinn Uaisle, roimhe thainig leave it a kind of Cinderella among others. Mr. neul tiugh, dorcha thairis air a’ Chomunn so. writtenHector Macdougallarticle how theshows family in ato short which and he well-him- ChaillPhail. sinnNach ar eRimaire a fhuair dileas, a’ ghairm Mgr. chabhagach. Iain Mac- self belongs got the name of “ Na Connalaich,” Mar tha fios agaibh bha am facal mu dheireadh Editorbecause isdescended dissatisfied from with an the Irish behaviour family. of Thethe aigeeadh. bho’n Tri lobhtalaithean so agusaig a’ tri choinneamh uairean an mudeidh dheir- sin Labour Party and Democracy in general. The bha Iain bochd anns an t-siorruidheachd. Nach Democracynow, and fail is into hiswalk opinion in the a orbitmere mappedabstraction out beageadh agu shaoil robh sinnesinn aiga’ cluinntinn a’ choinneamh a ghuth mu dheir-binn, by the “ Guth,” “ Hinc illae lacrimae.”— It has cairdeil airson a h-uair mu dheireadh; ach cohesionlost its identity, among the and people. he deplores Though the he wantdoes notof sinnochd mar gu atuirseach thachair tromagus a’ dh’tuireadh fhag ea’ sinne Ghaidh- an say so in so many words, the “ vox Dei ” might eil ghrinn, agus fior charaid ar Comuinn. Cha bittenas well with be termedthe desire a “ forvox wealth.diaboli.” OfDemos course; is b’ecridheachan feum an aobhairagus a e,tha a thaair choa threigsinn dliith do arle when was it otherwise? He falls foul of Mr. aireamh cho mor de ar luchd duthcha, a bhi LloydDruid ; George,the Welsh whom manikin. he describes Imperialism as a Welsh and callrach curaidhann an chocanain dileas ar agusduthcha cho deas-bhriath-anns an do capitalism are his “ bete noire.” He is in rugadh agus anns an do thogadh sinn, agus a fromfavour the of yoke,a general and wondersstrike inwhat order the to “ Councilfree us dh’each ol ar sinn mathair. a stigh marTha bhainne aite falamh blath ano bhroill- nochd of Action ” is about. From all this, readers a lion e cho fada agus cho cliuiteach dha fein ofmay an gather extreme that nature, the “ credowhich ” wouldof the “make Guth ”the is Gaidhlig.agus cho feumail dhuinne agus do aobhar na “Council of Action” an “ Imperium in imperio ” A chairdean, nach sinn a bu chbr a bhi a withinours. aIn country former constitutionallyreviews we drew governed attention like to ghnathagainn guair detur bheir na lafaire. mu’n Chacuairt. ’n ’eilChaill fhios the fine Gaelic in “ Leanmhuinn Chriosda,” as Comunn Gaidhealach Bhbid an deadh charaid wellis doing as its good deep workreligious for Gaelic,feeling. andThe for“ Guth that ” airan uairleth annsa chaill na eh-uile Mgr. doigh,Iain MacPhail,duine foghluimte, riinaire reason ought to receive encouragement. Its con- duineil, durachdach, duthchasach, gun mheang. standingtributors inare that capable respect. Gaelic writers, some out- “ ’SDh’ am fhalbh measg thu chaich Iain buMhicPhail, tu ’chuideachd.” Tha sinne an noehd ’gad ionndrainn agus ’gad AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. chunchaoidh. na bantraichTha ar co-fhulangasagus a sia paisdeana’ dol a beagamach ’nan call tursach. Fagaidh sinne iad air curam Peter MacDougall,NEW LIFE Esq., MEMBERS. M.A., Glasgow. dain.an Ti nach diobair a’ bhantrach ’s na dilleach- Hugh MacDonald, Esq., Oban, 64 AN DEO GREINE. NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. Archd. MacDonald, Esq., Glasgow. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Miss Elox-a MacNeill, Glasgow. Price Postage J.Miss L. HughinaNeil, Esq., Mackay, F.E.I.S., Stirling. Abriachan. The Celticwith Translations Garland, Gaelic & Gaelic and EnglishReadings, Songs by Rev. Alex.Samuel MacLeod, Maclver, M.A., Rogart. Rogart. BardHenry Bharabhais, Whyte Humorous “Fionn,” Songsnow ready, and Read- cloth 7/6 6d MajorKenneth J. Cameron,W. Fraser, Esq., C.M.G., J.P., ofUllapool. Leckmelm. cloth,ings of net, Donald - Macdonald,- - Barvas,- - limp3/6 4d James Stewart, Esq., J.P., Ullapool. Sge.ilaicheGaelic Self-Taught. nan Gaol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d JohnJohn MacLean,Stewart, Esq., Esq., Ullapool. J.P., Ullapool. for Beginners, with an imitated pronun- Murdo MacLeod, Esq., Ullapool. An Rosarnach,ciation invaluable a galaxy to Learners, of the best complete, modern 1 /6 3d MurdoDonald MacLean,MacLeod, Esq.,Esq., Ullapool.M.A., Ullapool. Gaelic authors, 2 volumes ready, each 10/- 9d Thomas Campbell, Esq., Ullapool. TheBardach Wizard’s Leodhais, Gillie, Lewis with Bards, Gaelic now and ready,English,3/6 7/6 6d9d MajorAlex. Ross,D. A. Esq., Mackenzie, Ullapool. Ullapool. Fionn ann an Tigh a’ Bhlair Bhuidhe. A Tale, 3d Id George H. Morrison, of Kinlochbervie. RosgHandbook Gaidhlig. for SpeakersSelections at Gaelicof Gaelic Meetings, Prose, - - 2/63d 6d£d JohnMiss MacRae,Campbell, Ullapool. Esq., Ullapool. Reiteaoh Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d IJd Miss R. C. Lucas, Ullapool. MacBain’sPosadh Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Moraig, Diet., 12/66d 1/-l|d NEW AFFILIATED SOCIETY. Aig Tigh na Beinne, by Mrs. Grant, just pub. 3/6 6d Scottish Gaelic Society of Victoria, N.S.W. MacDougall’s Folk Tales and Fairy Lore, 7/6 9d Gu’nDeirdire, d’thugI Gaelic speisdo’n and Eng. Armunn, opposite Gaelicnovel pages, - 3/61/6 3d6d NOTICE Cameron’s Highland Clearances to 1912, - 2/- 4d All literary contributions, accompanied by the BardachdGaelic Mission Ghaidhlig, Hymn Selected Book, Gaelic- Poetry,- - 3/61/- 2d6d name and address of the writer, should be addressed Cath-chuairt Eideird Bhruis an Eirinn, 1/- 3d to Mr. Donald Macphie, j Victoria Terrace, An Solaraiche, four choice Gaelic Essays, 1/3 3d Dullatur, and should reach him not later than Auraicept na n’eces, Prof Geo. Calder, 12/6 1/- the ipth of each month. GaelicMinstrelsy Songs, of littlethe Highlands, volume in Gaelictartan &silk, Eng., - 5/-2/- 2d6d GaelicAll Bibles Pott andOrders Testaments inust include at sufficientall prices,- Jot Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN 81 SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ : and GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES, SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. Mackay’s Palace Hotel, J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,ne rand EDINBURGH. E CHARING CROSS ( ^t°f i, ) Hlghly_Recommended. | T%%^^rHo\7=AsV,^’mr GLASGOW. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na. Stad gus an ruig thu so, AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Ceud Mlos an Earraich, 1921. [Earrann 5. CLAR-INNSIDH. mi-chiatach, agus tha gach buidheann, ard Gaidheil agus Fearann, 65 is iosal, roinnte ’am barail. Air an aobhar The Review, of Gufch na Bliadhna, 66 sin chan e mo ghnothuch-sa beantuinn ri Blar Ohairinnis, 67 cuis cho ciogailteach, no achmhasan a Tir-nan-og, 72 charadh aig dorus buidhinn seach buidh- Secretary’sA Mod Seng, Page, 74-73 eann. RacialFrom theDistinctions Fernaig Manuscript,in Scotland, 75 ACruinn Scottish Eolas, Gael’s Bequests in aid of Gaelic, ... 7778 Ged bha tighean na Gaidhealtachd a’ dol Branch Reports, 78 am feobhas o chionn greise, tha moran r’a Highland Wealth in the 13th Century, 79 dheanamh fhathast mum faicear fardaich- ean glan comhfhurtachail air feadh na tire. Tha tuilleadh ’s a choir de thighean dubha GAIDHEIL AGUS FEARANN. ri fhaicinn an cuid de &itean—tighean tha Cha ghabh e aieheadh, ged tha cuid de buailteach air fasgadh a thoirt do gach gne chaochladh barail, gu bheil togradb aig euslaint a thuiteas orra. Is cinnteach nach moran de ar luchd-duthcba air seilbh fhaot- robh e soirbh do chroitearan bochda leasach- ainn air criomag fhearainn far am faod iad adh a nochdadh gun chuideachadh o aite combnuidh a shocrachadh. Tha seo chuideigin. Ma thainig an cuideachadh sin fior air mhodh araidh a thaobh saighdearan a mu dheireadh ’sann mall a bha shiubhal. thill dhachaidh o’n chogadh. Chan iadsan a mhain tha nochdadh deidh air bothan a thogail air gabhaltas beag far am bi an coir- Ma ghabhas sinn beachd air mar tha ichean tearuinte fo lagb na Eioghachd, agus nithean a’ cuimseachadh an ceartuair, tha far nach bi iad an eisimeil maor no baillidh coltas gum bi spairn chruaidh romhainn fhad ’sa ghiulanas iad iad-fein mar bu chor fhathast mum faigh an sluagh uiread de a reir lagha. Tha muinntir nam machraich- fhearann ’sa tha dhith orra. Faodar a bhi ean Gallda an toir air na sochairean a cinnteach gun tachair amladh an sud ’s an ghealladh do’n duthaich a reir Achd Parla - seo, agus, maille ri sin, cosdais do-sheach- maid. Tha gainne thigbean-cbmhnuidh ’gan anta mum faighear nithean a reiteachadh. cur thuige a nis a chum fardach de ghne air Is sin mar a bha, agus tha e coltach gur ann choireigin a chbsnadh. Thuirt aon de luchd- mar a bhitheas, a dh’aindeoin gach Achd a iiiil nan gualadairean o chionn ghoirid nach theid a reachdachadh. Ged tha moran ag b’fhearr cor tighean an cuid de aitean air aontachadh gum bi gabhaltais bheaga ’na feadh na duthcha na cuiltean ar sinnsre mile leas do’n Ghaidhealtachd, tha caochladh bliadhna roimh an diugh! Ma tha eadhon barail aig cuid, gu h-araidh tuathanaich leth na firinne anns an radh, is muladach an mhora a tha a’ creidsinn nach urrainn do suidheachadh e as deidh an adhartachaidh theaghlach teachd-an-tir chuimseach a ’s a ch&llachaidh a rinn Breatunn cho chothachadh na’s lugha na gheibh iad da ainmeil am measg chinnich an t-saoghail. cheud acair fearainn fo’n laimh. Tha sinn Tha a’ cheist ro chudthromach, tha’n staid ag cluinntinn gearain gu bheil cuid de 66 AN DE0-GR1SINE. thuathanaich mh6ra an seilbh air barrachd stigh gu Bord an Aiteachaidh air son fear- is aon ghabhaltas. Tha iad seo an comhn- ainn, ach cha d’fhuair ach sia ceud diubh uidh a’ cumail a mach gu bheil an rian seo cobhair. Thatar ag radh gu bheil am Bord gu feum na Rioghachd, a chionn gun tog iad a’ deanamh na’s urrainn iad, agus eadar cion tuille barra dhiubh, agus nan racbadh am airgid, Parlamaid is uachdarain, gu bheil iad briseadh. ’nan gabhaltais bheaga, deir “ eadar a bhaobh ’sa bhuarach.” Chan fhios iadsan, cha bhiodh ann ach call. Ach, mar dhomhsa ciod tha cearr; tha rudeigin a’ dol tha a’ sean-fhacal ag radh, “ tha da thaobh tuaitheal, is tha na saighdearan a’ fulang. air bat’ an aisig ”; tha da thaobh air a’ cheist Cha ghabh cuisean a chur air doigh gun seo, agus tha e fhathast ri dhearbhadh nach tuilleadh airgid. Thuig ar luchd-raighlaidh, paidh gabhaltais bheaga. Feumaidh daoine mu dheireadh, nach gabhadh a sheachnadh, bochda beo-shlainte chothachadh, agus ma agus chaidh an t-suim a chuireadh air leth tha iad riaraichte le gabhaltais bh'eaga a an toiseach a mheudachadh o £350,000 gu chum na criche sin, cha ghabhar bacadh a £1,080,000. Nach goal airidh na saighdearan chur orra. Gun teagamh feumaidh na air an earrainn as mo de seo? Na di- gabhaltais a bhi de mheudachd chuimseach a chuimhnicheadh iad gu bheil e mar fhiach- chum teaghlach 6g a thogail gus an ire anns aibh orra an agartais a chur fa chomhair am fag iad an nead gu cearnan eile, ’s e sin Bord an Aiteachaidh roimh a’ cheud la de’n r’a radh, mur am faigh iad cosnadh freag- Mhart am bliadhna. arrach faisg air an dachaidh fhein. Nach cuala sinn uile mun t-soirbheachadh tha leantuinn saothair nan Lochlannach, is An uair a theid na gabhaltais bheaga a aitean eile air cbrsachan siar na h-E6rpa? chur air doigh gu rianail, ’s i an ath cheist a Tha iadsan buidheach le am beo-shlainte o thig an uachdar a thaobh na Gaidhealtachd ghabhaltais bheaga. Chan ’eil an cuid fear- gniomhachais a fhreagras do’n duthaich, oir ainn na’s toraiche ’na ghne na fearann cha bhi a h-uile, neach an toir air fearann. Albainn; a reir cunntais ’sann a tha e na’s Tha muthadh a’ tighinn mean air mhean air miosa, ach tha iad air leth dichiollach agus beatha na Gaidhealtachd, agus cha ghabh stad sgileil ’ga oibreachadh. Dh’fhaodadh muinntir a chur air cuibhle an dain. Theid cuid de na Gaidhealtachd a bhi, a h-uile buille, suas sheann nosan a chur a leth taobh, ach ris na Lochlannaich nam faigheadh iad biomaid ag altrum an dochais gun gleidh ar cothrom air innealan-giulain freagarrach do’n canain is ar ceol an t-aite a bhuineas daibh duthaich a chum toradh an gniomhachais a an caithe-beatha an t-sluaigh, a dh’aindeoin chur gu margadh. gach nos nuadh a thachras. “ ’S i chanain as binne Tha cuid ’nar measg a’ deanamh a mach Air uachdar a’ chruinne gun d’thainig a leithid a char air caithe- Gu bran a ghabhail, beatha an t-sluaigh an diugh ’s nach sasaich Gu braid a labhairt; obair fearainn oigridh ar la, a chionn gu bheil ’S gu’n robh adh air na sebid iad a’ tuiteam fo thaladh nam bailtean mora Leis an aill i bhi beb.” mu dheas. Feumar aideachadh gu bheil < — roinn de’n fhirinn anns a’ bharail seo. Ma tha a’ Ghaidhealtachd ri cothrom na Feinne fhaotainn a dh’ aithghearr, feumar rudeigin THE REVIEW ON GUTH NA a bharrachd air gabhaltais bheaga a thoirt BLIADHNA. dith. Feumar innleachd air choireigin a Mr. Hector MacDougall, Glasgow, points dheanamh a chum gum faigh an sluagh doigh out that, in the Review which appeared in air siubhal o aite gu aite, agus nach bi iad our January number, the Reviewer failed to mar phriosanaich an glinn fad o chala, no see that the story relating to “ Na Connal- o chearnan anns a faigh iad cothrom air aich ” was a mere “ ur-sgeul, ” not histori- goireasan feumail fhaotainn. Far nach bi cal, and had nothing to do with his own reic is ceannach cha bhi moran adhartais. family history. We gladly note Mr. Mao- Dougall’s correction, and acknowledge the sin of the reviewer. Ach’s i cheist as cudthromaiche tha fo ar comhair an drasda cor nan saighdearan, 0 — maille ri roinn eile de’n t-sluagh. Chuir Thoir a’ bhb do’n chaisteal, is theid i cbrr agus coig mile saighdear aslachadh a dhachaidh do’n bhathaich. AN DEO-GREINR 67 BLAR CHAIRINNIS. THE BATTLE OF CARINISH. Anns a’ bhliadhna 1601, thug Clann In the year 1601, the Clan MacDonald of Domhnuill Uibhist, agus Clann ’Ic Leoid na Uist and the Clan MacLeod of Harris fought h-Earadh la fuilteach aig Eeithe-na-Eala, ann a sanguinary fight at the Marsh-of-Blood in an Cairinnis, an Uibhist mu Thuath. Carinish in North Uist. Anns an am, mar a tha eachdraidh ag At that time, as history tells us, the innseadh dhuinn, cha robh na fineachan Gaelic clans were not in the habit of paying Gaidhealach a’ toirt mor urraim do lagh na much respect to the law of the realm; in rioghachd; ach is ann a bha na h-uile ceann- actual fact, every chieftain used to take the feadhna a’ gabhail an lagha ’na laimh fhein, law into his own hand, and would sally forth agus a’ dol a mach air cheann a dhaoin© gu at the head of his own men to avenge him- aicheamhail a thoirt do a naimhdibh. self upon his enemies. Tha e coltach gur e spuilleadh is togail Apparently foraying and cattle lifting was creiche an doigh chumanta a bha aca, air a the method they usually employed of taking bhi ’deanamh dioghaltais air each a cheile. revenge upon each other. A h-uil© fear nach b’ urrainn e fhein a Any man who was not able to protect him- dhion, cha robh aige ach a bhi cho umhail self, had nothing for it but to be as agus a bhiodh an luch fo spogan a’ chait; submissive as a mouse under the cat’s claws ; oir, mar tha ’n seanfhacal ag radh— for, as the proverb says— “ Bhiodh am fear bu treise an uachdar, “ TheAnd strongest the swiftest man isman usually in thte uppermost, forefront,” agus, ’S am fear bu luaithe air an toiseaoh.’’ and, “ Bhiodh a’ chuid bu mhiosa aig a’ bhus bu taise.”* “ The share.’’*most modest mouth usually gets the smallest Airson aobhair gle neonach,** dh’ eireadh For the most whimsical and curious cause, fine an aghaidh fine. Agus is trie a bha na clan would rise against clan. And often cairdean air an da thaobh a’ cogadh gu would the friends and relations of both sides cruaidh an aghaidh a cheile. be found fighting hard against each other. Is ann eadar Domhnullaich Shleibhte agus The ultimate cause of the battle of Leodaich Dhunbheagain a thoisich an Carinish was a quarrel that arose between aimhreit a bha ’na mathair-aobhair air Blar the MacDonalds of Sleat and the MacLeods Chairinnis. Tha e air aithris gur ann mar of Dunvegan. It is said that the quarrel so a thoisich an aimhreit: — began thus: — Phos Domhnull Gorm Shleibhte nighean Donald Gorm of Sleat [chief of the Mac- ’Ic Leoid Dhunbheagain; agus ciod air bith Donalds of Sleat] married the daughter of a bha aige ’na h-aghaidh, tha e coltach nach MacLeod of Dunvegan; whatever he had robh e fhein ’s i fhein gle reidh, agus is e against her [is not known], but it is probable thainig as a’ chuis gu ’n tug © litir-dhealach- that he and she did not agree together very aidh dhi, agus gu ’n do chart e dhachaidh do well, and the upshot of the matter was, that thigh a h-athar i. he gave her a letter of separation, . and packed her off home to her father’s house. Thug so tamailt mhor do Shir Ruairidh This gave great offence to Sir Rory Mac- Mac Leoid agus d’ a chairdibh gu leir, ach Leod and to all his friends, but what is e a dhorrannaich buileach iad, an doigh exasperated them to the uttermost, was, the anns an deach a cur dhachaidh. manner in which she was sent home. Bha i fhein air leth shuil, no cam mar a For she had but one eye, she was “ cam ” theirear, agus gus a’ chuis a dheanamh cho [=crooked] as it is called, and in order to tamailteach ’s a ghabhadh deanamh, fhuair make the affair as insulting as it could be Domhnull Gorm seann each ban, cam, gille made, Donald Gorm procured an old white cam, agus cu cam, agus chuir e an gille, ’s one-eyed horse, a one-eyed gillie, and a one- an cii, is an t-each a dh’ aon sgrlob a eyed dog, and he bundled them all off to Dhunbheagain leatha. Dunvegan, at one fell sweep, and sent her with them. Bha a’ Bhaintighearna cham air muin an So there was the one-eyed lady, riding on **After"'See Nicolson’s “ gle,” an Gaelic, adjective Proverbs, sometimes, 17, 63. if not always, refuses inflexion. AN DEO-GREINE. eich chaim, gille cam a’ falbh ’na cheann, the back of the one-eyed horse, with a one- agus cu cam a’ falbh ’nan deidh. § eyed gillie leading it, and a one-eyed dog following them. § An uair a rainig a’ chuideachd nebnach so When this extraordinary company arrived Dunbheagain, agus a chaidh am beag sgeul at Dunvegan, and when the little story chun a’ mhoir sgeil, cha robh Lebdach ri became a big story [i.e., when its inward traigh anns an Eilean Sgitheanach no anns significance became apparent], theue was not na h-Earradh, nach robh ann an run nan a MacLeod on the shores of the Isle of Skye, tuagh do Dhbmhnull Gorm is. d’ a chairdibh or in the Harris, but wished daggers to anns gach aite. Donald Gorm and to his friends everywhere. Tha aobhar a bhi ’creidsinn, gu ’n do There is reason to believe that for many a dhioghail iomadh neach fad iomadh bliadhna year many a person paid dearly for this air a’ ghniomh mhaslach a bha an so, ged shameful deed, though we have no account of nach ’eil cunntas againn m’ a dheibhinn. such a thing. B’e Dbmhnull Glas Mac Lebid ceann- Now Donald Glas MacLeod was chief of feadhna nan Lebdach anns na h-Earradh. the MacLeods of Harris. He had been, at Bha e, uair de^ a shaoghal, ’na dhuin© ro one time of his life, a very great champion, threun, ach aig an am so, bha e air fas from, but by this time he had grown heavy and lapach, agus cha b’ urrainn da dol a mach air unwieldy, and was unable to sally forth at cheann a chuid ghaisgeach treuna, a thogail the head of his doughty champions to lift a creiche no a thoirt blair. foray or to give battle. Ach bha a mhac ’na dhuine bg, tapaidh, But his son was a young man, both capable gaisgeil, ann an treun a neirt, agus deidheil and heroic, who was in the hey-day of his air gblir is urram fhaotuinn dha fhein is d’ a strength, and most desirous of getting glory chinneadh. and honour for himself and for his clan. Chuala © mu ’n tamailt a thugadh d’ a Having heard about the insult that had chairdibh an Dunbheagain, agus chan fhac been given to his friends in Dunvegan, he e dad a b’ iomchuidhe na falbh a dh’ TJibhist- could see nothing more fitting to do than to mu-thuath air cheann da fhichead fear treun go to North Uist at the head of two score a thogail creiche chum aicheamhail a thoirt, champions to lift a foray, in order to take air aon dbigh no dbigh eile, do na Dbmhnull- vengeance upon the MacDonalds in one way aich. “ Mur paidh thu fhein e, paidhidh do or another. [As the proverb says : ] “ If thou mhaileid e.”* wilt not pay for it, thy wallet or goods shall pay.”* Thog na fir orra, agus dh’ falbh iad, cuid So the men [the MacLeods] bestirred them anns a’ bhirlinn aig Mac Dhbmhnuill Ghlais, and started off, some in the birlinn agus cuid eile ann am bataichean-aisig. belonging to the son of Donald Glas MacLeod, and other some in ferry-boats. An uair a rainig iad Uibhist, dh’ acraich When they reached Uist, they anchored iad na bataichean an Loch nan Ceall, aig the boats in the Loch of the Cells or Churches, bun na Eaoghlach a Tuath.f at the mouth of the North Ford, f Ghabh iad air aghaidh agus thog iad a’ They set forth and lifted the foray in chreach gu furasda an Cairinnis, agus o nach Carinish easily enough, but since they had robh uine gu lebir aca gu dol chun nam not time to convey the cattle to the boats, bataichean leis a’ chrodh, is e rud a rinn iad, what they did was, to gather them to the chruinnich iad iad do Theampull na Trionaid, Temple of the Trinity [and wait there] until gus am bitheadh iad a’ falbh an la’r-na- they should be off on the morrow. mhaireach. Ghabh iad fhein seilbh air Tigh-a-Chnuic, They next took possession of the “ House o ’n a bha e an aite ard, fradharcach, am of the Hill,” because it was in a high conning braighe a’ bhaile. place, in the rising ground of the township. Bha iad a’ cur seachad na h-uine leis gach They began to pass the time away with feala-dha agus toileachas-inntinn a b’ urrainn every amusement, and diversion they knew, daibh, a’ lan chreidsinn gu ’n soirbheachadh fully believing that all things would prosper gach cuis leb, mar bu mhiann leb. with them, as well as they wished. SThe same incident is told of other persons, see An Deo-Greine, January, 1919, “Eaohunn Ruadh.” *Anothermi na proverb h-iseanan. of similar As 7 application,cannot touch is, the “ Bhobig goose, nach fhaodiI’ll 'pound mi beantaimi the goslings,” ris a’ghiadh Nicolson, mhor, 61. pronnaidh tThough(in Gaelic,I have notBeinn-na-Faoghla). been able to identify Carinish, the North L. nan Ford, Oeall, it probablyand Baleehore, lay between are all N. in Uist N. Uist. and Benbecula I AN DEO-GREINE. 69 Ach cha robh e ’n dan gu’m faigheadh iad But they were not destined to have their am miann anns a’ chuis so, oir mu ’n deach wish in this affair, for before the sun went a’ ghrian fodha air an ath la, bha “ caochladh down on the next day, there was “ a different cuir air clo Chaluim.”* pattern in Callum’s homespun.”* Bha duine treun ann an Uibhist mu-dheas For there was a great champion in South ris an cainnteadh gu cumanta Domhnull Mac Uist [a Macdonald], who was commonly Iain ’Ic Sheumais. Bha ’n duine so ainmeil called Donald Mac Iain ’Ic Hamish. This ri a linn airson a mhor ghraidh a dh’ fhirinn, man was famous in his generation for his a dh’ onoir, agus a cheartas. Ma’s fhior an great love of truth, honour, and justice. If sgeul, tha e air aithris gu ’n robh e ’n tradition be true, it is said that he was always comhnuidh a’ stri ri bhi ’cur as do ’n chreach- striving to abolish plundering, spoliation, adh„ do ’n spuilleadh, is do ’n lamhachas- and the high-handed proceedings, which were laidir a bha ’na chleachdadh cho cumanta so commonly practised at the time. anns an am. ’Nuair a thainig na Leodaich air tir an When, therefore, the MacLeods landed in Uibhist-mu-Thuath, thuig muinntir an aite North Uist, the people of the place under- gu maith gu de bha fa ’n ear dhaibh, agus is stood very well what their intentions were, e a bh’ ann, chuir iad fios cabhagach gu Mac and, accordingly, sent word with speed to Ian ’Ic Sheumais, mar a bha a’ chuis air Mac Iain ’Ic Hamish, to tell him how thuar a bhi. matters seemed likely to turn out. Bha esan mar a bha e riamh cho ealamh ris Prompt as the word was he, as prompt as an fhacal, agus air falbh a bha e le da fhear he always had been, and off he went with dheug de na ceatharnaich bu chalma is bu twelve of the bravest and most Warlike men cholgarra a bha ri am faotuinn an Uibhist- that were to be found in South Uist. mu-Dheas. Air traigh oidhche, chaidh iad thar The night was on the ebb when they crossed Eaoghail nan Larnan is thar Faoghail ’Ic- Faoghail nan Larnan and Faoghail ’Ic-an- an-Aoidheir,** agus beagan roimh bheul an Aoidheir,** and a little before daybreak they la, rainig iad Cairinnis. reached Carinish. An uair a ghabh iad beachd air cur a’ When they had reconnoitred the lay of the bhaile, agus a thuig iad gu ’n robh na township, and had ascertained that the creachadairean fhathast gun fhalbh, dh’ plunderers had not yet gone, they hid them- fhalaich iad iad fhein ann am feithe, am selves in a morass, in the rising ground of braighe a bhaile. the township. ’Nuair a thoisich an la air soilleireachadh, When the day began to brighten, they saw mhothaich iad gu ’n robh barrachd cuideachd that there was more company at the “ House aig Tigh-a-Chnuic ’sa bu choir a bhi ann, agus of the Hill ” than there ought to be, and they thuig iad co a bha aca. then realized who it was whom they had to do. Thilg Mac Iain ’Ic Sheumais saighead, Mac Iain ’Ic Hamish let fly an arrow, and agus lebn e fear dhiubh. Leis an ath wounded one of them. With the next arrow, shaigheid, leag e fear eile. he laid another low. Ghabh iad an t-eagal, agus thubhairt The MacLeods took fright, and one of fear dhiubh : — them said: “ Tha mi gu mor air mo mhealladh, mur “ I am very greatly deceived if it is not ann o laimh Dhomhnuill ’Ic Iain ’Ic from the hand of Donald Mac Iain ’Ic Sheumais a thainig na saighdean, agus ma’s Hamish that the arrows have come, and, if ann, tha eagal mor orm gu’m bi la dubh so, I greatly fear that we shall have but a againn dheth.” black day of it.” Cha robh iad fhathast cinnteach cb an aird They were not yet certain from what direc- as an robh na saighdean a’ tighinn, ach is e tion the arrows were coming, so what they rud a rinn iad, thionndaidh iad an aghaidhean did was, to turn their faces to the four airts gu ceithir ardaibh an athair, agus an uair a of heaven, and when the third arrow arrived, *Nicol»on,cloth. p. Said56, has—“of persons Bha whosecaochladh character cloimhe or ’n works cl6 Chaluim. are inconsistent There wereor heterogeneous.” various wools in Malcolm’s **TwoI fords.have notThe been fords able that to identifyconnect theBenbecula forcte in with question. the two InUists marching can 'be Maccrossed Iain on ’Icfoot Hamish at low musttide. haveand N. crossed Uist, some ford between S. Uist and Benbecula, and another or others between Benbecula 70 AN DEO-GREINE. thainig an treas saighead, thuig iad gur ann they realized that it was from the north- o’n aird an ear-thuath a bha na saighdean east that the missiles came. a’ tighinn. Cbo luath agus a bha aca, bhruchd iad a Instantly, and as fast as ever they could, sios an cnoc. they burst forth and dashed down the hill. An uair a chunnaic Mac Iain ’Ic Sheumais When Mac Iain Tc Hamish saw them iad a’ cromadh le bearradh a’ chnuic thuirt e : stooping down the brae, he said : “ Nis, ’illean, ma rinn sibh riamh 0, dean- “ Now lads, if ever ye did [a good fight], aibh an diugh e, oir tha mi’m barail gu bheil do it to-day, for I think that each one of you triuir aig gach fear agaibh ri a chur gu lar.” has three men to lay low.” “ Ma tha,” ars iadsan, “ chan fhad a “ If it be so,” said they “ it shall not be so bhitheas.” long.” Bha e fhein is a ghillean cho ealanta air So expert were he and his lads at the bow, a’ bhogha, is gu ’n tug iad tanachadh maith that they effected a considerable thinning of air na Lebdaich mu ’n do tharr iad, ach gann, the MacLeods, ere they had fairly descended cromadh le bearradh a’ chnuic. the hill. An uair a dhluthaich iad r’a cheile, is ann When they closed with each other, ’twas an sin a bha an “ cath teth, teann ”— then that “ a fight, hot and intense,” took place. “ Thachair r’a dheile na suinn, “ The champions encountered each other, they Mar hhruaillein thonn air druim a’ chuain, As theclashed tumult of waves meet in ocean’s ridged Bha beuman beucach dluth r’a cheile; offing, Am has a’ leum thar t-rein ’san t-sliabh, ThunderingAnd death instrokes that hillside'vaulted rained fast, thickcoming, o’er heroes, Mar neul de chlachaibh-meallain garbh, Like a cloud of rough hail-stones, raging and ’S gaoth mhor ’na cirb ag eirigh. ’’ violent, Likewind.” a cloud in whose trailing skirt rises a wild De ’n da fhichead fear, cha do tharr as Of the two score men, none escaped but just ach an dithis. Thuit each gu leir ach an two. The rest, with the exception of their ceannard—Mac Dhbmhnuill Ghlais—anns a’ leader—Mac Dhbmhnuill Ghlais—all fell in chath. the battle. Theich esan le a bheatha. He escaped alive, and fled. Thug Mac Iain Tc Sheumais teann ordugh Mac Iain Tc Hamish gave strict order not gun a mharbhadh air chor sam bith, ach, nam to kill him upon any account, but that, if it bu chomasach e, a ghlacadh beb. were possible, to take him alive. Chaidh e faisg air da mhile, mu ’n tainig He went nearly two miles before one of the fear de shaighdearan Mhic Iain Tc Sheumais warriors belonging to Mac Iain Tc Hamish suas ris air traigh, faisg air a’ Bhaile-Shear. came up with him on the shore, close to Baleshare. Ged a bha an dithis aca air an trom lot Though both of them were seriously roimhe sin, thug iad deannal air iomairt- wounded before that, they engaged and had chlaidheamh. a tremendous set-to with swords. Cha gheilleadh Mac Dhbmhnuill Ghlais is Mac Dhbmhnuill Ghlais would not yield e beb, ach bha e ’gabhail iomain-chuil, gus while life was his, but he was driven [farther mu dheireadh an deachaidh e a mach air a’ and farther] backwards, until at last he had mhuir chun na duilleig. gone [so far] out into the sea, [that the water reached] to the midriff. Ged a bha toil aig an fhear eile a ghlacadh Now, though the other man desired to take beb a reir brduigh a mhaighstir, an uair a him alive according to his master’s order, his thbisich an saile ri dol anns na lotaibh, dh’ patience grew short when the salt water fhas e goirid ’san fhoighidinn, agus le aon began to enter his wounds; so with one thrust sathadh de ’n chlaidheamh, chuir e crioch air of his sword, he put an end to the other anns a’ bhad an robh e, agus dh’ fhag e marbh where he stood, and left him dead on the air an oitir e. shoal. Theireas Oitir Tc Dhbmhnuill Ghlais ris The shoal is called the Shoal of Mac an oitir gus an latha ’n diugh. Dhbmhnuill Ghlais until this day. Thiodhlaiceadh coluinnean nan Lebdach The bodies of the MacLeods were buried far an do thuit iad—air Leathad-a-Bhuailte, where they fell—on the Stricken Slope, as the AN DEO-GREINE. 71 mar a theirear ris an kite riamh o’n a place has been called, ever since the battle thugadh am blar ann.§ was fought there. § Chuireadh an cinn ann an uinneagaibh an Their heads were put in the window of the teampill, far am bheil cuid diubh, is docha, temple, where it is probable some of them fhathast ri’m faicinn.§§ are yet to be seen.§§ Cban ’eil cunntas againn cia lion a thuit We have no account of the number of the de na Domhnullaich anns a’ bhlar fhuil- MacDonalds who fell in this bloody battle, eachdach so, ach, air a shon sin, faodaidb sinn but, for all that, we may be quite sure that a bhi cinnteach gu ’n do thuit an aireamh bu the larger number of them did fall. mho dhiubh. Fhuair Domhnull Mac Ian ’Ic Sheumais e Donald Mac Iain ’Ic Hamish himself fhein, iomadh lot, ged a chaidh an latha leis. received many a wound, though he won the Ach thainig e gu maith dheth ’na dheidh sin. day. But he made excellent recovery from it all afterwards. Tba e air aithris, ged nach ruig sinn a leas It is said, though we need not believe it, a chreidsinn, gu ’n robh an fheithe a’ ruitb le that the marsh ran with blood, and for that fuil, agus uime sin, theirear Eeithe-na-Eala reason, it is called the Marsh of Blood until rithe gus an la ’n diugh. this day. Theagamh gu ’n saoil cuid em ’n robh e Perhaps some will think that it was eu-comasach do dha fhear dheug cur as do impossible for twelve men to kill nearly two dhluth air da fhichead fear, ach mar a tha ’n score, but, as the old-word says— sean fhacal ag radh— “ Is fhearr duine na daoine.” “ One ofman ordinary] [of real men.” worth] is better than [a number A bharrachd air a sin, an uair a bha na Besides that, when the Macdonalds were Domhnullaich ’gam falach fhein anns an hiding themselves in the marsh, and the fheithe, agus each a’ cromadh leis a’ bhruth- others were stooping down the brae, the Mac- aich, bha ’n cothrom aca orra, agus mu ’n Donalds had the advantage of them, and do tharr iad sealltuinn chuca no uatha, bha before they could look one way or another, a aireamh mhaith dhiubh air an lebnadh. Mar good number of them had been wounded. In so, chaill cuid mhor dhiubh am misneach gu this manner, a large part of them completely buileach. lost all their courage. A thaobh nan Domhnullach, tha e air With regard to the MacDonalds, it is aithris, gu ’n robh iad anabarrach ealanta air reported that they were exceedingly expert a’ bhogha, agus, mar an ceudna, gu ’n robh with the bow, and, also, that their bows were am boghachan cho laidir agus nach b’ urrainn so strong that none but they could bend them. neach sam bith an lubadh ach iad fhein. It will therefore be easily understood, that Tha e furasda a thuigsinn, gu ’n tilgeadh iad they could shoot arrows a very long way. saighdean astar gle fhada. Leis na nithibh With these things being entirely in their so a bhi gu leir ’nam fabhar, a bharrachd air favour, besides the fact of their being very iad a bhi ’nan daoine ro threun, tha e fine heroic men, it is clear, that it was no soilleir, nach bu nx doirbh dhaibh an la a very difficult task for them, to win the day. chur. ’N uair a chuala Domhnull Gorm mu Bhlar When Donald Gorm heard about th© Chairinnis, agus mu ghaisge a charaid, bha Battle of Carinish, and about the heroic e ro thoilichte, agus mar chomharradh air a conduct of his friend and kinsman, he was thaingealachd airson a threubhantais, thug e very glad, and as a mark of his gratitude for dha Gabhaltas na Cuidrich anns an Eilean his bravery, he gave him some land, called Sgitheanach. Gu cinnteach, bha e ’na lan Gabhaltas na Cuidrich, in the Isle of Skye. airidh air, agus corr. Certainly he was well worthy of that and more. B’ ann de a shliochd Caiptein Ailein It was of his race that Captain Ailein Mac- Dbmhnullach, Chinnse-Borgh, a bha posda ri Donald of “ Kingsburgh,” was descended, he Eionnaghalla Dhomhnullaich a bha an cuid- who was married to Flora MacDonald, who §Leathad!-a-Bhuailte, the Stricken Slope—tonn baite, a drowning wave (lit., a drowned wave); glaodh gointe, the shout of a wounded man (lit., a wounded shout). 1 p§SkullsEaglais in church-windows. Uamhalt,” See Rev. J. G, Campbell’s Witchcraft, 200, and An Deo-Oreine, xiv., “An 72 AN DEO-GrRElNE. eachd Prionns Tearlach, an uair a bha e fo ’n accompanied Prince Charlie when he was a choill ’sa ’Grhaidhealtachd.f fugitive and outlaw (lit., was under a sense of his guilt) in the Highlands. An deidh Blar Chairinnis, rinn a mhuime, After the Battle of Carinish, his foster- Nic Coiseam, oran do Dhomhnull Mac Iain mother, Nic Coiseam, composed a song to ’Ic Sheumais, anns an do leig i ris gu soilleir, Donald Mac Iain ’Ic Hamish, in which she gu ’m bu ghaisgeach treun e, a thug, uair is made it clearly manifest, that he was a uair, buaidh air a naimhdibh. Tha an t-6ran tremendous champion, who conquered his so, an uair a bhios 6 air a sheinn gu ceart, enemies again and again. When sung anabarrach tlachdmhor ri bhi ’ga eisdeachd. properly, this song is exceedingly pleasant to Ged a tha dluth air tri cheud bliadhna o’n a listen to. Though it is nearly three hundred rinneadh e, tha a h-uile facal dheth, tha e years since it was composed, every word of coltach, air chuimhne fhathast. Cha do it, apparently, is still remembered. It was chlo-bhuaileadh riamh e, ach bithidh e gun never printed, but it is to be printed forthwith dail air a chlo-bhualadh anns an Oranaiche in Sinclair’s Oranaiche in Glasgow. aig Mac-na^Ceardaidh, an Glaschu. So, mata, cunntas mu Bhlar Chairinnis, There then is an account of the Battle mar a tha ’n sgeul air a aithris gu coitchionn of Carinish, as the tale is commonly reported an TJibhist. in Uist. Iain. From “ An Gaidheal,” V., 309 (1876). [Translation and Notes by J. G. Mackay, London.] +Fo ’na wood.choill=<>utlawed [lit., under a sense of his guilt). Ooill is an old Gaelic word different from Coille, whichThe Donnchadh song was Banduly Mac-an-t-Saoirpublished in Sinclair’s applied toOranaiche, his gun. p. 131. Nic Ooiseam, is also the pet name Similars or related tales :— Eachunn Ruadh, etc. An Deo-Greine, Jan., 1919. Mac Iain Tc Sheumais. IF. Highland Tales, XI., Domhnull Gorm Dhuntuilm. The Ceilidh Boohs, No. 271£. No. 26. (A. MacLaren & Sons, Glasgow). not(Not to bementioned confounded in Campbell’swith Iain Mac printed Tc Sheumais, lists, and The 231.MacLeods of Harris. The Celtic Monthly, VI., mentionedGreine, November, ibid. TV., 1918.) No. 271; pub. An Deo- TIR-NAN-OG. Reultan arda la’s a dh’oidhche Boillsgeadh seamh tro’ cheo, Mrs. Kennedy Eraser has selected “ Tir- Teudan tlatha fas ad choilltean nan-og ” (Skye Fisher’s Song), Vol. I., and O Thir nan Og! “ Trusaidh mi na Coilleagan ” (The Cockle Gatherer), just published, for competition at Cul nan tonn tha long mo bhruadair, the forthcoming Glasgow Mod. Competitors Fuaradh mar bu nos, are asked to sing the following original verses Bun an dain a ghnath ’ga gluasad by Mr. Kenneth MacLeod. In the high key Ciuin le luaths an eoin; setting of “ Tir-nan-Og ” a different version is lubhraich Bhain na fag mi’m thruaghan published. Taobh nan cuantan mor, Gair nan tonn gur trom an nuallan Doimhne craidh is graidh ’gam chuanadh Seirm am chluais do ghloir, O Thir nan Og! Dan nam beann gach allt is fuaran Siaradh nuas le d’cheol; ——■ ■ ’S tu gach la gun tamh mo bhuaireadh, Gille tigheama is cii m6r, T’iargain bhuam ’gam leon, Dithis nach c6ir leigeil le6 : ’S tu gach oidhche chaoidh mo bhruadar Buail am balach air a charbad, O Thir nan Og 1 Is buail am balgair air an t-sroin. Bas no bron cha bheo ’nad loinn-thir, Uir air foill’s air go, An la bhios sinn ri 6rach, biomaid ri Sair sior 61 do dheo’s do chaomhneis, orach; ach an la, bhios sinn ri maorach Aoibhneas snamh’s na neoil j biomaid ri maorach. AN DE6-GREINE. 73 A MOD SONG. The following was one of the prescribed songs for the prize offered for the best rendering of one of Fionn’s songs, at the late Mod held in Oban. It first appeared in “ The Highlander,” and is to be found in the “ Oranaiche ” and the “Celtic Garland.’’ The melody and translation are by the author. AN GAIDHEAL AIR LEABA-BAIS (The Gael on his death-bed). Key A. IVM feeling. / : d ., 1, | Si li : d r | m ., r : m f I s m : r d I r FadFar aira - wayfalbh bhofrom thirbonnie nan ard-bheann.Scotland, ThaOn mi’ma fhograchrestless bedan tirI cheinmoan r \ : d ., r | m r : d I, | Si h : d ., r | m s : m ., r | d /\ AmFar measgfrom friends,choigreach in midsts’ fad bhoof strangers,chairdean, ThaI mi’mam laidhepining allso learna - lone,fein, / : m . f | m ., d : 1, d | 1, /, s, : m f | s m : r d | 1, J\ ThaOh moI’m sadchridhe and briste,broken hearted,bruite, WithSaighead death’s bidsarrow a nisin ammy breast,chom, : d 1, | s, 1, : d ., r | m r : m ., f | s m : r d | d / Now’N uine I ghe&rrfeel momy shiiileye - lidsbidh closing,duinte, ’SAnd aig a’I soonbhas shallmi’m bechadal at rest.trom. ’S trie ag eirigh suas am chuimhne, In my memory oft arises Albainn aillidh, tir nam beann; Scotia, land of heath-clad ben, Chi mi sud an leanag uaine. Now I see its verdant pastures, Is am bothan anns a’ ghleann. And the cottage in the glen. Tha gach ni fo bhlath gu h-uraidh, Nature there is sweet and lovely, Aig an allt’ tha cronan fann, Hark! the burnie’s rapid flow, Air a’ ghaoith tha faile cubhraidh While the air is richly scented, Tighinn bho fhlurain nach ’eil gann. By the flowers that yonder grow. ’S ann an sud a fhuaii- mi m’arach; ’Twas in yonder cottage humble ’S mi neo-lochdach mar an h-uain ; I the light at first did see; Ach’s lorn a dh’ fhagadh nis an larach Desolation there is reigning Bho’ na shebl mi thar a’ chuain. Since I sailed across the sea. Thar learn gu ’n cluinn mi guth nan smebrach, Methinks I hear the mavis singing, ’Seinn gu ceolar feadh nan crann ; Perched upon the branches high, ‘S ’bran binn nan uiseag’ boidheach, And the lark now warbles sweetly Ard’s na speuran os mo cheann. From the blue ethereal sky. Chi mi chill aig bun a’ bhruthaich, Yonder is the churchyard lonely Taobh an uillt tha ruith gu lugh ’r, And the streamlet as of yore ; ’S trie a bha mi sud gu dubhach, Often have I there been weeping Caoidh nan cairdean tha fo’n uir For the friends that are no more. Mo mhathair’s m’ athair tha ’n an sineadh, Both my parents there are sleeping, ’S cadal siorruidh anns an uaigh, Precious gifts by heaven bestowed! ’S chaidh mo chopan searbh a lionadh When my partner was laid near them, ’N uair a dh’ fhag mi ’n sin mo luaidh. Then my cup of grief o’erflowed. Nis cha leir dhomh tir nan ard-bheann, From my vision now is fading Air mo shuil tha ceb air fas ; All that once was dear to me; Am measg choigreach ’s fad’ o m’ chairdean, Far from friends, in midst of strangers, Tha mi feitheamh air a’ bhas. I am longing, Death, for thee. Thusa, spiorad bhochd, tha ’n daorsa, Thou, poor spirit, art in bondage, Ach cha ’n fhada bhios tu ann; Come, O Death ! and set it free. Thig, a Bhais, is thoir dhomh saorsa, Albion, land of early childhood, Beannachd leat, a thir nam beann ! Oh, farewell, farewell to thee! 74 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY'S PAGE. fitted to stimulate his hearers to fruitful reflection. * * * Chaidh Nollaig eile thar ar cinn agus tha The Glasgow High School Ceilidh resumed dochas gu’m bi a’ bhliadhna soirbheachail after the New Year holidays with a Concert, do chairdean a’ Chomuinn anns gach cearna. arranged by Miss Joan MacKenzie, which Mar a leughas- sibh ann an earrainn eile attracted a large audience. Lieut. Colin thoisich a bhliadhna gu math do’n Chomunn MacLeod sang several of his well-known agus tha nis roinn de dhuaisean a’ Mhoid Gaelic songs. On the second evening I had cinnteach o bhliadhna gu bliadhna. Ni an the pleasure of reading to a good gathering dileab a dh’fhag caraid na Gaidhlige cuid- of members and friends a paper on “ Ceol eachadh mor le ar meuran an Siorramachd Gaidhealach. ” Miss Nettie Stewart and Miss Chataobh. Glacadh iad misneach agus Margaret MacLean assisted by singing appro- cumadh iad run a’ Chomuinn ’san amharc. priate Gaelic songs. Mr. Park played the Bheir gathan caoine grian na h-6g-mhaidne Piobaireachd “ Mary MacLeod ” (Mairi so beatha as ur do fhreumh na seann chanain. nighean Alasdair Ruaidh). Dr. W. A. Craigie, Professor of Anglo- Mr. Duncan Fraser, for 30 years precentor Saxon at Oxford, in a lecture delivered by to the General Assembly of the Free Church him recently appealing for the preservation and U.F. Church, died in Edinburgh last of the Scots vernacular, said : “ The problem month. Mr. Fraser adjudicated on music at of how to revive a declining national language the Edinburgh Mod of 1910, and on music had presented itself in recent years in several compilation, Dundee Mod, 1913. His death countries in Europe, and had received a removes another link with a past and greatly partial or complete solution, notably in Fries- cherished phase of congregational life in land, Faroe Island, and Norway. Powerful Scotland. factors in the revival of a language were (1) * * * school teaching and school books, (2) cheaper The response to the appeal by the Local and popular books in the language of the Mod Finance Committee to directors of High- people, (3) scholarly work in the history of land and Clan Associations to receive deputa- the language and in the preparation of tions on behalf of the Glasgow Mod is very vocabularies and dictionaries, and (4) the gratifying. Already four visitations have cultivation of a new national literature.” been made, and the representatives given a These are, and have been for years, prominent cordial reception. Others are making items in the programme of An Comunn, and arrangements to receive a deputation and they afford scope for almost unlimited support for the Mod is promised all round. development in its future work. The Sutherlandshire Association has become * * •* affiliated, and a few others are likely to follow We congratulate our friends of the London their example. * * * Gaelic Society on the steady and substantial The prescribed songs for the gold medal advance which is taking place in its member- competitions are as follows : —Female voices ship, and on the increasing prominence of the —“ An Gille Dubh Ciar Dubh,” “ Mac Og an Gaelic language at its meetings. After its larla Ruaidh,” “ An Gille Ban ” (Coisir last meeting it was remarked that outside of Chiuil), “ Na Reubairean ” (Sea Reivers), Ceilidh nan Gaidheal in Glasgow it would be “ Ailein Duinn ” (Harris Love Lament), and hard to find a gathering of Highlanders at “ Eilean Mo Chridh ” (Isle of my Heart). which the Gaelic in speech and song was more Male voices—“ Is trom learn an airidh,” in evidence. “ Gu ma slan a chi,” “ Duthaich nan Craobh ” * * * (Coisir Chiuil), “ Na Reubairean ” (Sea The second half of the winter session of Reivers), “A’ Bhirlinn Bharrach ” (Kishmul’s Ceilidh nan Gaidheal was opened on 8th Galley), and “ Maighdeanan na h-airidh ” January by a paper on “ Mo chreud, mo (Sheiling Song). chanain ’s mo chinneadh ” by Mr. Hector * * * MacDougall, the well-known Gaelic writer. The foregoing songs, from “ The Songs of This threefold subject was dealt with by the the Hebrides,” with the exception of “ Eilean lecturer on strikingly bold and unconven- Mo Chridh,” are to be found in Volume I., tional lines, and while he may not have and all can be had separately and in different carried the unanimous assent of the audience keys. with him, his confession of faith was one well Niall, AN DEO-GREINE. 75 FROM THE FERNAIG MANUSCRIPT. (now Fortrose Academy). These facts, related by Alexander Mackenzie in his History of the Mackenzies, pp. 244, 245, This is one of four poems by Donnchadh explain the somewhat curious expression: MacRaoiridh which are preserved in the “ Aig ro-mheud diadhachd do chuirp.” It Fernaig MS. It is printed in Reliquiae would thus appear that the poem was com- Celticae, II., 76, and is headed “5 rein do posed in the year 1629. reinig leish i Donschigs er bais vick-vighk The “ mac ” of 1. 1 is, of course, Death, Kennich,” i.e., Coig rainn do rinneadh leis an represented here as a young man making a Donnchadh-sa air bas mhic Mhic Coinnich; foray, such as Chiefs used to make in olden MacCoinnich was, of course, the Gaelic style times. The creach was often followed by of the Chief of the Mackenzies. pursuit, tbir, but when Death is the raider, it is a case of “ creach gun tbir.” • Treun am mac thug ar lebn, With regard to the poet’s name, I Cha bheir ar toir air gu brath; mentioned in a former article that the Mac- Sinne ge do throgadh feachd, Ryries belonged, as I was told, to the Esan as mo neart na each. Macdonalds. Since then, Mr. Osgood H. Mackenzie of Tournaig has informed me that Mhic Coinnich, deonaich do mhac there are people commonly called Mac- Do ’n fhear as mor neart is brigh : Raoiridh living in Gairloch now, who are Aig ro-mheud diadhachd do chuirp formally or officially Macleans. Bheir se dhuit a dho no tri. W. J. W. Do dhebnaich Abram a mhac ’San iobairt fo smachd Mhic Dhe : <> Fhuair e grasan bho mo righ : An geall a ris aige fein. RACIAL DISTINCTIONS IN SCOTLAND Air a’ bhron-sin cuir-se smachd : Mr. G. M. Fraser, librarian, gave an Debnaidh Dia dhuit mac a rist; interesting address to Aberdeen University Ge roibh sin an guidhe leat, Celtic Society last month on “ The Dis- Cha chuibhe dhuit streap ri Criosd. placement of the Gaelic People in the North of Scotland.” He noted the racial distinc- Thug Dia dhuit urram is smachd tions existing between the peoples of the Air gach mac tha fothad fein : Highlands and Lowlands, and urged that Ris an anbhainn cum-sa a choir, legislation should make allowance for this Na leig lebn le duine treun. distinction. Treun am mac. THE GAELIC PEOPLES. In another poem, written in his old age, Mr. Fraser, remarking on the importance and given in Bardachd Ghaidhlig, p. 234, of the subject both historically and racially, the poet says that he expects to pass what began by examining available sources of little of life is left him at the court of Cailin knowledge, of a reliable kind, to show the Og (Chief of the Mackenzies and first Earl of races of people who inhabited Scotland in Seaforth). There can be little doubt that it the early centuries of the Christian era. is to him this poem is addressed. The Earl From the documentary evidence of Ptolemy had only one son, Alexander, who died of —so far as it went—from the work of the smallpox at Chanonry on the 3rd of June, early Christian missionaries, St. Ninian, 1629, to the great grief of his parents. His St. Kentigern (St. Mungo), and St. mother died on the 20th of February, 1631, Columba and otherwise, it seemed clear that and his father died at Chanonry on the 15th by about the sixth century the North-West of April, 1633, in the 36th year of his age. of Scotland was occupied mainly by The Earl and his lady were very pious and Brythonic Celts, now represented by the religious. “ He provided the kirks of Lewis, Cymri or Welsh; that the Western Islands without being obliged to do so, as also the and a considerable part of the mainland, five kirks of Kintail, Lochalsh, Lochcarron, along the Grampians and north of this, were Lochbroom, and Gairloch, with valuable inhabited by the Scots—the Gaelic people books from London.” He mortified 4000 from Ireland, who must have displaced merks for the Grammar School of Chanonry earlier the inhabitants or made friends with 76 AN DEO-GREINE. them by absorption. From about the sixth the population, that they had in Scotland century a dense darkness descended and not one vernacular literature, but two. They remained for 400 or 500 years. The evidence had this braid Scots literature, the national of what happened in Scotland between the literature of the Lowland Scots people or period of Columba and the opening of our English-speaking people, and they had the historical period in the 12th century was so vernacular literature in the Gaelic, the prior important that it had to be examined with native speech of the country. He remarked extreme care. Mr. Fraser went on to that their Gaelic fellow-countrymen covered examine the evidence of sculptured stones a large part of the northern counties, and the —those that bore the distinctive Christian Gaelic had no concern with the Lowland symbol of the Cross, the evidence of round Scots vernacular literature, and as far as towers, and the evidence of place-names— delight in Burns was concerned they found to shsw that Scotland and the islands, with this singular thing, that whereas there wure certain exceptions mentioned, were occu- at the present time over 250 Burns Clubs in pied by Gaelic people speaking the Gaelic Scotland, England, Ireland, the Colonies, tongue. and the United States, there was not a single Burns Club, so far as he could make COMING OF THE ENGLISH. out, in any strictly Gaelic-speaking area in Coming to the historical period, he found Scotland—not one in Inverness-shire, Ross, a remarkable change. First of all, through- or Sutherland, or the far north, or the out the Lowlands a number of burghs were Western Islands. The reason, of course, in existence, not merely a collection of in- was that Burns was not their national poet, habitants and their dwellings at certain and they did not occupy their minds with places, but actual burghs with burghal our Lowland Scottish literature, any more privileges, with their own settled municipal than Lowland Scots people occupied their government, ruled by elected representa- minds with the literature of the Gaels. tives possessing the necessary burgess rights and employing municipal officials RACIAL DISTINCTIONS IN LEGISLATION. according to the canons of settled legal In the closing part of his paper, Mr. burghal communities. That was an extra- Fraser suggested that it was . along these ordinary advance on any Gaelic institution lines of racial distinction between the Low- that we knew of in Scotland up to that time land Scots and the Gaelic people that the or since. The lecturer proceeded to examine solution must be sought, not merely of the the character of the burghs and the form of historical problem of social and educational government and the character of trade and advancement in the country. So far, our speech along with the various institutions of statesmen had legislated for Scotland as if the time to show that in the 12th century it were inhabited by a single homogeneous the Lowlands of Scotland were peopled by race. When it became clearer that they the English race, and that the Gaelic in- were not one race, but two (leaving minor habitants, who had occupied the whole and points aside), with different racial outlooks practically half-a-dozen centuries before, as well as different racial histories, it would were by the 12th century displaced and be possible to temper legislation to the squeezed into the Highlands of Scotland and genius of each of these races and to the great the islands, as the Cymric people were advantage of the nation. A beginning had pressed into the mountains of Wales. already been made in that way—in the Scot- He noted that they had throughout Low- tish Education Act of 1918, in which dis- land Scotland English names and English tinctive provision was made in respect of customs, and particularly the northern the teaching of the Gaelic language, and English speech, which became and still although that could hardly have happened remained in the main the vernacular speech through the conviction of racial distinction of Lowland Scotland. in the framers of the Act, it doubtless occurred from the fact that the Minister BURNS NOT THE GAELIC POET. responsible at the time happened to have It was a very remarkable thing with more intimate knowledge of his Gaelic regard to that speech that it had been the fellow-countrymen. What was wanted in means in Scotland of the production of a the Highlands was not more kindness, but national literature, possible only in the more knowledge and a truer appreciation of special circumstances of the country and of the racial lines along which the ideals and the times. He noted, however, that it was the work of the people of the country might a national literature for only one portion of be advantageously guided. AN DE6-GRI2INE. 77 CRUINN' EOLAS. tuath bho bhun Abhainn Chluaidh. Tha na bailtean as feartala ri cladach, agus is e Lb D. Urchadan. deanamh longan an obair is brigheile tha 29.—SIORRAMACHD LANNRAIG. annta. Tha moran de bheart-obair air feadh Tha an t-siorramachd' so ro airgiodach S. Dhun Breaton mar tha sniomh agus figh- agus air thoiseach te eile an Alba ann am eadh cotain agus cloimhe. Tha dath agus beartas nadurrach (gual, iarunn, tuathanas), todhar aodaich a bharrachd air gualadair- oibrichean, malairt is sluaghmhorachd. Tha eachd agus obair-iaruinn a’ toirt cosnaidh do faisg air an treas cuid de shluagh Alba innte, aireimh nach beag. Is e fior shean bhaile agus tha leth a’ ghuail air fhaighinn innte. tha an Dun Breaton le caisteal, a bha Tha airde Lannraige freagarraph airson iomraiteach an seann eachdraidh Alba, air chaorach is aitich; tha am meadhon creig aird os cionn na h-aibhne. Tha moran barraichte le meinean, liosan, bliochd- a’ caitheimh am forlaich an Helensburgh air thuathanas agus oibrichean iaruinn. Air Cluaidh. Coltach ri Dun Breaton, tha an iosal cuirear air adhart meineachd, agus Clydebank a’ deanamh soithichean-mora. tha oibrichean comh-cheangailte ris a’ toirt Tha dath, sniomh agus figheadh cotain a’ cosnaidh do aireimh uamhasach sluaigh. Tha deanamh Alexandria agus Renton dripeil. Srath-Cluaidh ainmeil airson seorsa each— Tha gual air a chladhach timchioll air Kirk- Clydesdales. Is e Glaschu (1,000,000) am intilloch agus Cumbernauld. baile as mo, agus an dara.fear am meudachd 31.—EARRAGHAIDHEAL. am Breatunn. Tha e air fear de na bailtean- Tha Earraghaidheal air a deanamh suas puirt as mo air an t-saoghal. Tha mu leth de eileanan, rudhaichean, is monaidhean malairt-cein Alba a’ dol troimhe, agus tha a’ garbha, le caolais, lochan is aibhnichean, mhalairt so ris gach cearn de’n talamh. A agus gheibhear annta am fiadh cabrach, am chionn gu bheil e faisg air pailteas guail is bradan tarr-gheal, an coileach dubh agus a’ iaruinn, tha oibrichean mora de na h-uile chearc-fhraoich. Tha iasgach mara agus seorsa ann, mar tha togail-longan, deanamh aiteach fearainn air an cur air adhart gu inneal, sniomh agus figheadh cotain, sioda foghainnteach buannachdail. Nach ’eil Loch agus cloimhe; agus tha carbadan toit agus Fine a’ faotainn a’ chliu as airde airson a carbadan ola air an cur ri ’cheile ’na bhuthan- sgadain, agus nach ’eil fhios aig a h-uile oibreach. Tha Ard-Eaglais a’ bhaile air neach gur iad He agus Txr-iodh fior laraich na h-eaglais anns an robh an Naomh dhachaidh an eorna? Tha corr chaorach an Ceanntighearn a’ cur an ceill an t-soisgeil ri Earraghaidheal no tha an siorramachd eile linn Chalum Chille. Tha Oil-thigh Ghlaschu an Alba (mu 840,000). Tha sgliata air a airidh air cliu am measg na feadhnach is faighinn an Easdal, luaidhe an Eilein Mhuile, iomraitiche de phriomh-sgoilean ar la. Tha agus tha Ceann Loch Liobhan a’ deanamh Oil-thigh na h-Ealdhain a’ toirt foghluim aluminium. Is ann air cladaichean na anns a h-uile sebrsa oibreach agus tha e air siorramachd tha Eilean I anns an robh a radh gur e an aitreabh-foghluim as mo tha Calum-Cille a chomhnuidh, agus iomadh air an t-saoghal. Tha Gobhan agus Partaig eilean eile tha iomraiteach an eachdraidh a nis air an cunntadh mar phairt de nan Gaidheal. Ghlaschu. Is iad togail shoithichean agus Chan ’eil anns a’ cheann-bhaile, Inbhear- deanamh inneal oibrichean mora na codach Aora, ach baile beag. Tha caisteal Diuc so. Earraghaidheal an so. Air cladach an Ear Tha Hamilton, Motherwell, agus Wishaw Chinntire chithear Baile nan Caimbeulach, am measg an raoin-ghuail agus tha moran ainmeil airson uisge-beatha. Tha tlachd mor iaruinn air oibreachdh annta. Tha Coatbridge aig cuairtearan-Samhraidh ann an Dun- agus Airdreidh mar an ceudna iomraiteach Omhain, ach thug an t-Oban Lathurnach airson guail is. iaruinn. Theirear gur ann ban* ann am miadh luchd-turuis air uile an Coatbridge tha an obair-iaruinn is mo an bhailtean Alba. Tha deagh sgliata air a Alba. Tha baile Lannraig suas mu cladhach ann am Baile-Chaolais. mheadhon na Siorramachd, faisg air Easan 32.—BOID. Chluaidh. Mu’n cuairt air Leadhills tha Tha an t-siorramachd so gu h-iomlan luaidhe air a cladhach, agus is e am baile eileanach, agus de na h-eileanan tha dha beag so baile as airde os cionn na mara anns mor; Bold agus Arainn. Tha iad maraon an rioghachd. slainteil agus faisg air a’ chuid de Alba 30.—DUN BREATON. anns an domhaile sluagh, rud tha a’ toirt Tha an t-siorramachd so a’ sineadh gu moran air chuairt-shamhraidh annta. Tha 78 AN DEO-GRtflNE. mu 6000 acair fo bharr agus tha moran are able to speak and write Gaelic and to cruidh is chaorach air an arach. Tha seann repeat any question out of the Shorter Cate- chaisteal ann am meadhon Baile-Bhoid. chism of the Church of Scotland; £1000 to Chan ’eil aite air Linne Chluaidh cho ainmeil the County Council of Sutherland for money aig luchd-faithrigidh (-failcidh) ri Baile prizes for male and female teachers in any Bhoid. Tha Brodaig agus Lamlash an Arainn schools in Sutherlandshire under the Board miadhail aig cuairtearan; agus tha an of Education who shall have displayed the deigh cheudna aca air Baile-mhuillein ann greatest proficiency in the teaching of the an Cumraidh Mhor. A chionn gu bheil na art of reading, writing, and composing imthe h-eileanan freagarrach gu iasgach, tha Gaelic language; £5000 to the County moran eisg air a mharbhadh mu’n timchioll, Council of Sutherland for bursaries for five agus tha iasgairean a’ tamh anns na bailtean boys and five girls on similar conditions as the bequest to the Parish Council of Bogart; a chaidh ainmeachadh. £1000 to the Comunn Gaidhealach or Scot- (A’ Chrioch.) tish Highland Mod for prizes at the annual mass meeting of the Mod for the encourage- ——0 ment of Gaelic song and music, literature, A SCOTTISH GAEL’S BEQUESTS IN and poetry. AID OF GAELIC. BRANCH REPORTS. It is only a few months ago since we had the pleasure of recording handsome gifts Arisaig.—A mid-session meeting of this Branch from two Skyemen in aid of the Gaelic was held in the Astley Hall on 12th January, the language, and we expressed the hope that President in the chair. Mr. L. Gillies was other patriotic Gaels would follow suit. We appointed interim secretary. Miss Annie Gillies, had not long to wait. It is now announced tosecretary, learn that had she been is seriouslynow making ill, butrapid we areprogress glad that Mr. Donald Mackay (or Donald Suther- towards recovery. Miss Elizabeth MacVarish, land Mackay), of Beay House, Hereford and treasurer, submitted the half-session financial report, Morpeth Mansions, Ashleigh Gardens, which showed a gratifying credit balance. On the Westminster, S.W., largely interested in motioncordially ofthanked the President, for the excellenceMiss MacYarish of her work. was rubber and cocoanut companies in the East, It was decided to end up the session with a Gaelic who died on November 20, has left property play, concert, and dance, at a date to be fixed later. of the value of £45,285 Is Id gross and Ardgoijr.—A very successful ceilidh was held £42,915 17s 6d net. He gives his books to recently, MacLean of Ardgour presiding. The his niece, Jessie Sutherland Mackay, and President,Gaelic reading Rev. classes, A. D. one MacLean, for learners is andconducting one for* those not desired by her to the libraries of native speakers who are unable to read the language. the Literary Institute and Beading Booms Both classes are well attended. at Culrain and Torbeck, Bogart, Sutherland; Benderloch.—Office-bearers and Committee of £200 to the Lawson Memorial Hospital, this Branch have arranged three meetings for the Golspie, Sutherland; £200 to the Sutherland remainderarranged at of which the itsession, is hoped and the a Generalconcert Secretaryis being Benefit Nursing Association, Golspie; £1000 will attend. A wide circle of friends will be glad to the Boyal Educational Association, and if to know that the President, Rev. J. A. MacCormick, the ultimate residue of the property shall be has now recovered from his severe illness, and has sufficient, £1200 to the Technical College at resumed his ministerial duties. Drummuie, Golspie, for one bursary for boys ScriptureFarr.—This reading Branch and issinging meeting classes regularly, conducted and theby under 15 years of age who produce satisfac- the Rev. Angus MacKay are largely attended, the tory testimonials as to character, whose numbers increasing as the session advances. Mr. parents or guardians have resided in Suther- MacKay is highly gratified with the progress made landshire for five years, who have passed the by members in both classes. Sixth Standard in the Elementary schools, a Melness.—Inmembership ofthis over small 40, villageand meetings the Branch are heldhas and who are able to converse readily and regularly. Miss Gordon, president, and Miss write the Gaelic language; £150 to each of Sutherland, secretary, are to be congratulated on the reading rooms and institutes at Culrain, the success of their efforts, and the members on Bogart, and Torbeck, Bogart, for the remun- their zeal and whole-hearted support. eration of a librarian and caretaker; £1000 to BranchErbusaig.—Fortunately were able to arrange the to holdmembers their meetingsof this the Parish Council of Bogart for a bursary earlier in the week, and the change from Saturday for a boy and girl to enable them to learn has brought out much larger audiences. The a trade or business, including domestic ser- meetings are conducted in Gaelic. vice, whose parents reside in Sutherland, Broadford.—Mr. Hugh MacLean, An Comunn who have passed the Sixth Standard, who auspicesmusic master, of this isBranch. conducting He teaches classes the under juniors the in AN DE6-GR3INE. 79 the day school, and has a well-attended class of definitely deliminating the Highland line in seniors meeting three evenings per week. It is connection with the whisky duties. It was being arranged to hold a similar junior class in the found impossible to put down smuggling in Breakishheld at Broadford. School, the seniors to attend the class the Highlands—(hear, hear, and laughter)— Ullapool.—Miss Strachan commenced her singing so the Revenue Authorities resorted to the class here on 15th January, and enrolled a large device of having a lower whisky duty in the number of junior and senior members. A syllabus Highlands than in the Lowlands. It fol- proposedis being preparedto hold here for nextthe summer.Local Mod, It whichis also itpro- is lowed that they had to fix the Highland posed to hold a Music Class in Coigeach under the line within which the duty would be limited, auspices of this Branch. and to keep along that line Revenue officers Rothesay.—Since our last report three meetings who would see to it that there was no whisky Bain,have beenGlasgow, held. gaveOn a17th most December interesting Mr. paper Robert on passing from the north to the south. In “ The Influence of the Gael on Glasgow’s Progress.” modem legislation the Highland line had The usual New Year concert and dance was held on also varied. In order, therefore, to be 7th January. Mr. Archibald Ferguson, the well- definite in his estimate of Highland wealth knownChoir, andconductor Mr. D. C.of MacLean,St. Columba also ofChurch St. Columba Gaelic he would confine himself to the five northern Choir, delighted a large audience with their singing counties—Caithness, Sutherland, Ross and of Gaelic songs. The entire proceeds, which repre- Cromarty, Inverness, and Nairn—and sents a considerable sum, will be handed over to Argyll, Perth, and Bute. Then what did he Onthe widow21st January of the lateMiss secretary, Nettie Stewart, Mr. John assisted Macphail. by mean by the wealth of the Highlands ? The friends from Glasgow, gave an excellent Gaelic and very first sentence in Adam Smith’s English concert. “ Wealth of Nations ” was to this effect: — Knoydart.—That delightful Gaelic sketch, “ The annual labour of any nation is the members“ Reiteach of Moraig,”the Branch was recently, performed and gaveby talenteddelight fund which originally supples it with the and pleasure to a crowded house. Special mention necessities and conveniences of life which it is made of Mr. Archibald MacDonald and Mrs. annually consumes.” The “ Wealth of William MacDonald, who represented Moraig’s. Nations ” was written rather loosely—that fatherdone. and mother. Their portrayal was excellently was one of the charms of the book—and what Adam Smith meant by “ annual labour ” was “ the annual produce.” The book was written at the beginning of the HIGHLAND WEALTH IN THE great industrial revolution when agriculture 13th CENTURY. was practically the sole industry, so Adam Smith used the word “ produce.” Adam The following outline of a lecture (as Smith was what we might call nowadays a reported in the “ Northern Chronicle ”) bit of a philistine, and there were some delivered by Mr. H. F. Campbell to the aspects of wealth which did not weigh with teachers attending the Gaelic Vacation him. In other respects he would perhaps Classes at Inverness last autumn, is of such be wider than the modem economists In outstanding interest that it deserves to be estimating the stock, say, of a doctor, Smith put on permanent record. would include professional skill. The modern Mr. Campbell said that in order to discuss economist would not do that. Dr. Alfred the theme of his lecture with some measure Marshall, Cambridge, would limit wealth to of definiteness it would be necessary to all that was external to men and which con- define what he meant by “ Highland ” and tributed to the necessities, comforts, and by ‘ ‘ wealth. ’ ’ The Highland line had never amenities of life. The goodwill of a doctor’s been at any time very definitely delimitated. practice could be sold for cash, and in esti- In the early Scottish legislation of the 16th mating wealth Dr. Marshall would take that and 17th centuries, when the Highlands re- into account, thus taking a wider view than ceived a measure of special attention from Smith in what was called “ social wealth.” Parliament, it was to the clans rather than In the “ national wealth ” Dr. Marshall to territory that the laws applied. When would include not only individual wealth they came to the 18th century there was the such as goods and securities of all kinds and legislation disarming the Highlanders after cash, but returns from investments if they the rebellions and prohibiting the use of the formed part of a Highlander’s income and Highland dress. These Acts applied to a were applied to his comfort in the High- larger extent of territory than would now be lands. Then he included public and social considered Highland, including as it did For- wealth—not the property of individuals, but farshire, Aberdeenshire, Stirling, and of corporations, local government bodies, Dumbarton. Then they had the legislation etc. AN DEO-GREINE. NOW READY. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Price Postage Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 10/- net. Postage 6d. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English Songs AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK with Translations & Gaelic Readings, by PN HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. BardHenry Bharabhais, Whyte “Humorous Fionn,” now Songs ready, and Read-cloth 7/6 6d ingscloth, of net,Donald Macdonald, Barvas, limp3 /6 4d HIGHLAND Sgeulaiche nan Gaol, John Macfadyen, 4/- 6d Gaelicfor Beginners,Self-Taught, with An anIntroduction imitated pronoun-to Gaelic RECONSTRUCTION Anciation Rosarnach, invaluable a galaxy to Learners, of the best complete, modern 1/6 3d A Survey of the Problems—Administrative, Gaelic authors, 2 volumes ready, each 10/- 9d Economic, and Social—with Suggestions for their Bardachd Leodhais, Lewis Bards, now ready, 7/6 9d Solution. TheFionn Wizard’s ann an TighGillie, a’ withBhlair Gaelic Bhuidhe. and English,3/6A Tale, 3d 6dId By H. F. CAMPBELL, M.A., B.L., F.R.S.G.S. Handbook for Speakers at Gaelic Meetings, - 3d gd RosgReiteach Gaidhlig. Moraig. Selections Popular ofGaelic Gaelic Play, Prose, - 2/66d 6dIjd Also, by the same Author, Posadh Moraig, sequel to Reiteach Moraig 6d Ijd Cambridge County Handbooks : AigMacBain’s Tigh na New Beinne, Gaelic by Mrs.Etymological Grant, just Diet., pub. 12/6 3/6 1/-6d SUTHERLAND AND CAITHNESS, 3/6 net, and Gu’nMacDougall’s d’thug I Folkspeis Talesdo'n Armunn,and Fairy Gaelic Lore, novel - 7/6 1/6 9d3d Cloth, Round Corners, 4/6. Postage 5d. Deirdire,Cameron's Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages,1912, -- 2/-3/6 4d6d THE CATHEDRAL OF CAITHNESS AT DOR- BardiachdGaelic Mission Ghaidhlig, Hymn Selected Bock, Gaelic- Poetry,- - 1/-3/6 2d6d NOCH, 1/- net. Postage 3d. AnOath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eidcird four choiceBhruis Gaelican Eirinn, Essays, - 1/-1/3 3d ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, MinstrelsyAuraicept naof n’eeee.the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder, & Eng.,- 12/6 5/- 1/-6d Publishers and Booksellers, Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d 360-362 ARGYLE STREET, GLASGOW. GaelicAH BiblesPost Orders and mustTestaments include sufficient at all prices,for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW.

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Mackay’s Palace Hotel J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,nkx AND CHARING CROSS ( jTotkl ) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. H.ghlyHiffhlv Recommended.Commended |I BEDROOM,,' ATTENDANCE, LIGHT, AND En PensionTaBLE Rates d onh()te Application. BREAKFASTi 5s HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Mlos Meadhonach an Earraich, 1921. [Earrann 6. CLAR-INNSIDH. PAGE. an t-eilean aillidh seo an aiteigin anns a An T-Earrach, 81 chuan an lar, far nach ruigeadh fuachd no Failte do Bharraidh, 83 gaillionn e. Air an aobhar sin bha e Latha Blar Shron-Chlachain, 84 comhdaichte le lusan grinn air nach tuiteadh HighlandAdhartachadh Wealth is Foghlumin the 13th na Gaidhlige,Century, ... 8588 seargadh, is leis gach blath a bu bhoidhche Secretary’s Page, 90 na cheile. Cha robh ann ach aon trath Sir John Lome Macleod, ex-Lord Provost of bliadhnail—Samhradh! Am b’ ionghnadh Edinburgh, on Highland Character, ... 90 ged bhiodh maraichean an tl air tadhal ann ? PropagandaThe Coming Tour,Argyllshire Gathering in Oban, ... 9911 Ach cha rachadh ac’ air, oir ’sann a bha e Secretary’s Page, ...... 92 air flod, agus chan fhaighteadh e anns an Oran do’n Chaora Chean-Fhionn, 93 aon bhad, ged chlteadh e fad air falbh air Branch Reports, 93 druim a’ chuain; aig aon am an lar air Eire, AnGreat Comunn Highland Gaidhealach, Gathering at Thurso, 9 955 aig bm eile eadar Ceann Bharraidh agus Hiort. Mar sin bu diomhain feachainn ri dhot air tir ann an Eilean a bhiodh a’ dol as an AN T-EARRACH. t-sealladh ann an ceathaich an uair a Is iomadh sgeul grinn, agus seadhail thogradh a’ Rlgh strac de’n slachdan cuideachd, a thaisg beul-aithris an cuimhne draoidheachd a chur air. Bha Ban-Dia an an t-sluaigh mu aomadh inntinn nan sean Earraich a chomhnuidh air a lianagan grinn Cheilteach, agus an se61 mineachaidh a bha gus an tigeadh an t-bm gu togail oirre le a iad a nochdadh a thaobh a’ Chruthachaidh cbile, Aonghus Og air nach laidheadh aois, NMuir a bha a’ cur a leithid de ionghnadh gu Albainn a chum gum fbsadh feur is ’s de chlisgeadh orra aig amannan. Co dhiu luibhean, agus gun cuiridh iad snodhach dheilbh iad na faoin-sgeulan (mar a their an-ns na craobhan a bheireadh orra dusgadh daoine nach luthaig daibh srad de sheadh) k cadal a gheamhraidh. Ach cha robh e ’nan inntinn fein no fhuair iad eolas orra soirbh do’n Bhan-Dia Chbir Alba a ruigsinn tre an imrich gu ebrsachan siar na h-E6rpa, fhad ’sa bha a’ Chailleach Bheur (Ban-Dia cha d’ fhuaireadh dearbhadh cinnteaeh mu’n a’ Geamhraidh) agus a baobhan a’ riaghladh phuing fhathast, a dh’ aindeoin gach thairis air an tlr le reothadh is sneachd, tuaiream a thug daoine fiosrachail air nithean agus a leigeadh i ma sgaoil na gaothan bu a reiteachadh. Ach chan ’eil e idir mi- chunnartaiche a b’aithne dhith. Bha i choltach nach do lean stiallan de sheann ’deanamh na b’urrainn dith chum gum sgeulan na h-Aird’ an Ear riutha rb an biodh an talamh uile air a ghlasadh suas le turuis, agus chan ann bu lugha a bhiodh iad reothadh, fhad ’sa bhiodh comas aice. a’ dol am feadh sa bha iad a tuineachadh am * * * measg slbigh eile. Bu bhaobh mhi-chneasda a bha ’san Chaillich Bheur. Bheireadh aon sealladh O chionn fhada nan cian, bha na seann dhith crith air febil duine ’sam bith a seanairean ag creidsinn gun robh an dh’amhairceadh oirre. Bha i air leth-shuit. t-Earrach ’na chadal, am falach fad a Bha’n t-suil sin an teis-meadhoin cl&r a Gheamhraidh anns an Eilean Uaine. Bha h-aodainn. Bha a fait crasgach ’na AN DEO-GREINE. chluigeinean eighe mu cluasan, agus o Bha na sean aithrichean Ceilteach ’nan mhullach a cinn gu a sailtean bha i air dath daoine beachdail, geur chuiseach, agus mur a’ liath-reothaidh. Nam faiceadh i an an robh foghlum aca coltach ri foghlum ar comhara bu lugha de fhas air coille no air Ik-ne, fhuair iad ionnsachadh ann an sgoil sliabb, thbisicheadh i air stracadh gach beinn nach ceileadh earrann fheumail de a rim is ebmlmard leis an t-slachdan dhraoidh- dlomhair orra—Sgoil Mh6r a’ Chruthachaidh eachd, eagal ’s gun cailleadh i a buaidh air Nkduir; an sgoil nach do bhrath an tir. Is iomadh cath a chuir i fhein agus riamh an cridhe thug speis dith. Air spiorad a bhlkiths is an fhais o cheudan an aobhar sin gheibh sinn gnkth- bliadhna gun iureamh, oir tha i anabarracb fhocail is rkdhan a tha dearbhadh a sean—na’s sine na na cnuic fhein—agus ged ghliocais, san fharsuingeachd inntinn a shaoileas daoine gun cuirear as dith le chinn annta. Is tearc iad an diugh a tha buaidh Ban-Dia an Earraich, duisgidh i a ’gabhail umhail do’n gheurad, do’n chum- rithist, agus mu dheireadh na bliadhna, bidh adh, is do’n stuth am beagan fhacail a tha i cho nimheil ’sa bha i riamh, is toisichidh fillte anns na rkdhan a bha iad ag iiisneach- an cath mar a b’ abhaist. Bhatar a’ radh adh mu thimchioll caithe-beatha an comh- gum biodh i ’dol uair ’sa bhliadna do’n chreautairean, maille ri aimsirean - na Eilean Uaine far an robh Tobar-Na-h-Oige. bliadhna. Bidh daoine a’ bruidhinn air Shuidheadh i r’a thaobh fad na h-oidhche a’ Feallsanaich, no Philosophers, mar a feitheamh air a’ mhaduinn mhoich. An theirear anns a Bheurla Ghallda—daoine tha glasadh an Ik mum bogadh an uiseag a gob cosd an bine a’ burach mu laghannan na ann, no mun cluinnteadh tathunn coin, h-inntinn, is a’ sgriobhadh ’sa labhairt mun dh’oladh i balagam as an tobar. Bha i timchioll air a leithid a mhodh ’s nach tuig seunta bho aois an deidh sin, ged bha ach kireamh thaghte de’n Comunn fhein preasan na h-aoise r’am faicinn air a suim a ghnothuich. Bha ’n Gaidheal ’na gruaidhean seachte mu dheireadh a’ fheallsanaeh geur, ged nach robh fios aig air, gheamhraidh an uair a bha i a faireachadh a mun cualas am Breatunn ach beag air an buaidh ’ga fagail, ’s a corruich ’ga dibmhaireachd, a mach o’n Ghrdig far an sarachadh. robh an tobar an tasgaidh. Is toil le daoine a bhi ’cur an ceill gu bheil Tha euchdan na Caillich Bheur ainmeil. an t-Earrach na shamhladh air iirachadh Bha a h-earasaid cho leathan ’s nach robh nithean, gu bheil e a’ gihlan dbchais ’na luib, loch air monadh Albainn mor gu leor air son gu bheil aignidhean na h-inntinn ag ath- a nigheadh. Air an aobhar sin b’ fheudar fhreagradh ris a’ ghairm eifeachdaich a th«i dith a mhuir a thoirt oirre—an caolas tha ’dusgadh, chan e mhkin tograidhean nuadh eadar Diura is Scarba. Roghnaich i Coire anns an inntinn, ach na luibhean ’s na Bhreacain mar phoit-nigheadaireachd. blkthan a bhios an uine ghekrr a’ comhdach- Chuir i troimhe cheile e cho mor ’s nach do adh an fhuinn le trusgan killidh an sguir e ghoil fhathast. A reir sgebil ’s i t-Samhraidh. Tha na h-e6in bheaga fhein, rinn beanntan is aibhnichean Albainn. Is le’n ceilearadh aoibhneach anns gach preas a’ i is coireach ri gaillinn a’ Geamhraidh, ’s gairm gu bheil an t-athbheothachadh air gach knradh a thig an cois sin, stoirmean an teachd. Cha tig gealltanas an Earraich gu Fhaoiltich, is fuachd an Earraich. Ach neoni fhad ’sa mhaireas laghannan Nkduir fo gach bliadhna mar a thig, gheibh Ban-Dia stiuradh an T1 tha ’gan riaghladh, agus cha an fhais is a bhlaiths lamh an uachdar oirre tig diobradh air a’ ghealladh a tha ’n cois aig an km shuidhichte. imeachd Nkduir, eadhon ged bhiodh na siantan gailbheach. Is gann gu ruig mi leas an sgeul no an samhladh seo a mhineachadh. Tuigidh an Chan ’eil aon de thrkthan na bliadhna as leughadair gur h-i a Chailleach Bheur mo a ghlac aire nan Gaidheal na’n t-Earrach. Spiorad a’ Gheamhraidh, agus Bride Spiorad Chan iongantas e; a chionn mur hi cur air a an Earraich. Chan ann air an aon alt tha dheanamh ’na km, cha ruigear a leas duil a sgeul na Caillich air innseadh le cuid. bhi ri buain. A reir teagasg an t-seann Gheibh sinn caochladh doigh air anns an rkdh; “Am fear nach cuir anns a Mhkrt, cha leabhar ghrinn ud do’n ainm “Tigh Na bhuain e ’san Fhoghar. ” Agus .a rithist, Beinne”—leabhar as fhiach a leughadh le “biodh e fuar no biodh e blkth, bi glic is cuir Gaidheal dlleas sam bith. do shiol ’sa Mhkrt. ” Chuir na sean Gaidheil AN DEO-GREINE. 83 na h-uiread de rMhan r’a cWile mu’n Gleusaidh mi mo chlarsach, Fhaoilteach is mu’n Earrach. Cha mhisd Is seinnidh mi an dan so, sinn dorlach dhiii a chum ail air chuimhne. Air eliii is mais’ an kite, Tha iad ’na comharan air cho mothuchail ’sa Do’n d’thug mi’n grkdh cho maireannach. bha iad a thaobh aimsirean na bliadhna. Theireadh iad “Mios Faoiltich, seachdain Gur h-e ’n t-eilean uasal, Feadaig, ceithir la deug Gearrain, seachdain As mor mo thlachd is m’ uaill dheth; Caillich, tri Ik Sguabaig—suas e’n * ’Se reul na h-Aird-a-Tuath e, t-Earrach.” B’i a’ Ghobag ’nam beachd ’S chan ’eil ’s a’ chuan cho maiseach learn. mathair an Fhaoiltich; mharbhadh i caorich is uain. “An Gearran gekrr, ni e farran nach O ! chi mi, chi mi bhuam e, fearr, cuiridh e a’ bho anns an toll, gus an A chreagan glasa cruaidhe; tig an tonn thar a ceann ” A rithist; “As ’S na tuinn gun tkmh a’ bualadh, t-Earrach nuair a bhios a’ chaora caol, bidh Se caithream bhuan ri chladaichean. am maorach reamhar.’’ “Am feur a thig a mach ’sa Mhart, theid e staigh ’sa Chi mi nis’ Muldbnaich, Ghiblean.’’ “Bheir sgrlob ghlas hath Earr- ’S na h-e6in mun cuairt dheth ’sebladh; aich cairt bharrach Foghair.” “Mar mhart ’S a Laogh* na chois an comhnuidh, caol a tighinn gu baile, tha camhanaich na Nach iarr gu cr6 no machaire. maidne Earraich.’’ Agus c6 nach cual an O! mile, mile failt’, rann seo: — Air an tlr ’san d’fhuair mi m’ krach; ’S gum b’ e mo mhiann as m’ killinn, Thuirt an Fheadag ris an Fhaoilteach, A bhi gach la’ ri m’ mhaireann inht’. C ’ ait an d ’ fhag thu an laoghan bochd ? Gur taitneach learn an t’-kileadh, Dh’ fhag mi e aig cul a gharaidh, Tigh’n chugam bhkrr nan krd-bheann; ’S a dha shuil ’na cheann mar phloc. ’S a rinn dhomh beath’ is slkinte, ❖ ’Nuair b’ kbhaist dhomh bhi tathaich rib. Bharr taobh a deas a’ bhata, FAILTE DO BHARRAIDH ’S ann chi mi’n sealladh kluinn; Bhatarsaidh fo bhkrr, Air fonn “A nighean donn an t-siigraidh.’’ Agus luchd mo ghrkidh air thaigheadas. Mo bheannachd aig na skr-fhir, Seisd : A sheas cho fearail laidir, Gur mis’ a tha gu muirneach Gu toirt a mach an kite, Is mi gun sprochd gun churam, A bhios gu brkth mar ealain orr’. Gur mis’ a tha gu muirneach, ’S mor an Ion do m’ inntinn, ’S i deanamh curs’ air Barraidh learn. Bhi ’faicinn Caisteal Chlsmuil; Se bhi ’toirt mo chiilthaobh, An aitreabh’s lionnmhor inns’ oirr’, Bi Baile Mor na smuide; ’S a sheas gach linn cho daingeannach. ’Rinn m’aigne chur ri siigradh, ’Nuair theid mo chas air foid, ’S a thog gach smiir bharr m’aire-sa. Bidh mo chairdean tigh’n ga m’ fhedrach; Bho’n fhuair mi laithean-f&ille, “Do bheath’ an tlr a Dhkmhnuill, A Baile M6r Dhuneideann; Is tu cho bed bho’n dhealaich sinn.” Tha teud mo chinn air gleusadh, D. M. N. C. ’S gun tog mi’n t-seisd gle chaithreamach. Chan ioghnadh mi bhi uallach, *Sgeir a tha lamh ri eilean Mhulddnaich Is m’inntinn bhi gun bhruaillean, do an ainm “An Laogh.” ’S i ’gearradh nan tonn uaine, Gu m’ thoirt bharr cuain is cabhag orr. <> ’S mi dol do’n eilean bhuadhmhor, Is math an cocair an t-acras, Far ’bheil na suinn gun ghruaman; ’S mairg a.ni tarcuis air biadh ; A dh’ionad'nam ban uasal, Fuarag eorna a sail mo bhroige, A tha lan suairc’ is carantachd. Biadh a b’ fhearr a fhuair mi riamh. 84 AN DE6-GREINE. LATHA BLAR SHRON-CHLACHAIN. a bha ’cheann dol slos am bruthach, car mar char, gun dubhairt e uair is uair, “Cearc, Mu mheadhon na seachdamh linne deug, cearc, cearc.” ’nuair a bha an Ridir Raibeart Caimbeul ’na B ’ e Seumas Mein am fear mu dheireadh a uachdaran air oighreachd Bhraid-Albann, chaidh thairis air amhainn Lbcha ’nuair a thuit e mach gun robh banais mhor bhreagh bha iad a’ tilleadh dh’ionnsuigh a chaisteil aig Caisteal Fhionn-Lairig laimh ri Clachan an deidh an ruaig a chur orra. Air dha Chill-fhinn. Bha Ridir Bheallaich a’ toirt a sealltuinn air ais, thug e ’n aire do fhear de nighinn ann am posadh do Sheumas Mein a na Domhnullaich a’ snamh ’na dheidh, ’s e Ciil-dara ann an Gleann Lxombunn, curaidh gu amhaich anns an linne. Chuir e as da gu a choisinn mor chliii anns na cogaidhean aig grad, agus thilg e corp an duine mhairbh air Gustabbus Adolphus. Thachair so corr is a dhruim gu bhi ’g a dionadh o shaighdean ciad bliadhna roimh am Dhonnchaidh Bhain, a luchd-tbrachd, agus ’nuair a leig e sios e aig a tha ’g radh ’na Oran do Righ Debrsa: — caisteal Fhionn-Lairig bha seachd saighdean an sbs ann. Bha ar nan Caimbeulach “Tha lagh is pari am aid aca, co mbr ’s gun deach ochd deug de ’n Chumail ceartais riii is corach; uaislean adhlacadh air an ath Ik aig ’S tha mheirl’ an deidh a casgadh, caibeal a’ chaisteil. Bha Aonghus, Sguir na creachan is an tbrachd.” ceann-feadhna na Ceapach, air a ’Nuair a bha cuirm na bainnse aig a Mharbhadh aig Blar Shron-chlachain, co h-airde, thainig teachdair, ’se ruith le maith ri Mac Iain Ghlinne-Comhunn, agus cabhaig, a dh’innseadh gun robh buidheann moran eile bharr orra. Tha e air aithris de Dhomhnullaich na Ceapach agus Ghlinne- timchioll Chill-fhinn agus air feadh Bhraid- Comhunn air dol thairis air amhainn Dochard Albann, ged tha e duilich creideas a thoirt aig Baile-chroisge, ag iomain creiche a thog da, gun deach am Meinearach agus buidh- iad am Braid-Albann ’san bitean eile. Bha eann eile beagan an deidh so air tbir nan Caimbeulaich Bhraid-Albann air bhreathas Dbmhnullach, gun d’ rinn iad snas riu, agus gu do! ’nan deidh, ach thubhairt am Mein- gun d’ thug iad a’ chreach bhuapa. Bha earach, a bha gib eblach air ordugh catha, aon neach air a lebn ’s a’ bhlkr so, a theich gum bitheadh e cunnartach dol air an tbir gu airidh Choire-Charmaig an Gleann- suas uchdach Shron-chlaehain, a chionn Lbcha, agus bha e air fholach beagan gum bitheadh am bruthach, grian deidh a’ laithean le boireannach a’ mhuinntir mheadhon la, agus a’ ghaoth a’ cumail Lochabar. Ach ’nuair a fhuair fear-pbsda cothruim ris na Dbmhnullaich, agus an na mnk so eblas air an kite ’san robh e air aghaidh nan Caimbeulach. Bha e los gun fholach, chuir e as da. Chaidh an cumha a toireadh iad cuairt rathad Ghleann-Lbcha, leanas a dheanamh air fear na Ceapach, gum faigheadh iad gu mullach an uchdaich, Aonghas Mhic Raoghnuill Olg, a thuit latha agus gun tigeadh iad air na Dbmhnullaich Blkr Shron-chlachain, leis a’ bhkrd ainmeil o mhullach Shron-chlachain. Ach bha na h-bganaich a bh’aig a’ bhanais lan ardain, Iain Lorn:1 — agus theagamh Ibn flona, agus comhairle cha Rlgh gur mor mo chuid mulad ghabhadh iad. An aite sin ’sann a rinn iad Ged is fheudar domh fhulang! fochaid, air ag radh, “Am Meinearach bog, Ge b’e bisdeadh ri m’ uireasbhuidh aireamh am Meineirach bog.” Rachaibh air adhart ’S eun ro bhochd mi gun daoine, mata, ars’ am Meinearach, agus chi sinn co Air mo lot air gach taobh dhlom, tha bog mun tig deireadh an latha. Thachair Is trie rosad an Aoig air mo chkirdean. gach ni ceart mar bha siiil aig a’ Mhein- Gur mi chraobh air a rusgadh, earach a thachaireadh e. Fhuair na Gun chnothan gun ubhlan Dbmhnullaich a’ bhuaidh-larach, agus ’S a snodhach ’s a rusg air a fkgail. chaidh an ruaig a chur air na Caimbeulaich. Ruaig sinn ceann Loch-a-tatha, ’S iomadh euchd gaisgeil a rinn am Mein- ’S e chuir mise ann mo dhabhaich, earach anns a’ chath fhuileachdach agus Dh’ fhkg mi Aonghas ’na luidhe ’san kraich. mharbhtach so. A dh’aon bheum le Ged a dh’ fhkg mi ann m’ athair ’chlaidheamh sgud e an ceann bharr Mac Chan ann air tha mi labhairt. Iain Ghlinne-Comhunn. Mar fhrith-ainm Ach an druthadh rinn an claidheamh mu theireadh iad ris an t-saighdear ainmeil so, t-kimean. “Crunair ruadh nan cearc.” Bha Mac Iain B’ i mo ghrkdh do ghnuis aobhach, a’ tilgeadh an ainme so air as an aodann Dheanadh dath le t-fhuil chraobhaich, ’nuair a thainig e am fagus da gu cbmhraig ’S nach ro • seachnadh air aodann do a dheanamh ris, agus tha e air aithris ’nuair nkmhaid. Diarmad. AN DEO-GREINE. 85 ADHARTACHADH IS FOGHLUM NA smuaintean inntinn an ur-sgeadachd cainnte. Agus is e seilbh a’ Ghkidheil gu bheil aon de GAIDHLIGE. gach iomad cainnt a riochdaich an duine dha fein aige-san, is aige fein a mhkin, mar (Choisinn so a’ cheud duais ulaidh luaehmhor. Is leinn fein i, agus ged aig Mod an Obain, 1920.) nach biodh maise eile fo’n ghrein oirre, is lebr Anns an laithean anns a bheil sinne be6, e gu a cur air thoiseach air gach aon eile gur is am beachd gach sloigh, tha eolas chan- i ar teanga dhuthchail fein. ainean air sealltainn ris mar aon de phriomh Labhair am bkrd Scott car mar so aig aon earrannan an fhoghluim. Tha canainean air am: “Am bheil an duine sin ann a tharr- am foghlum am bitheantas a thaobh da aingeas anail, aig am bheil a bhuadhan cho aobhair. Anns a’ cheud kite tha cknain dlblidh is nach d’thubhairt e riamh ’na shonraichte air a foghlum a chionn am inntinn (is e ag amharc air aonaichean a beachd an fhbghlumaiche gu bheil a Ikn- dhuthcha), ‘Is e so mo thlr-sa, mo thlr fein, eolas oirre an geall air trian cuideachaidh a diithaich mo bhreith is m’krach.’’’ Cha bu dheanamh dha gu aran lathail a chosnadh lugha ar grain do’n neach sin nach dha fein. d’thubhairt riamh : “Is i so mo chainnt fein, Gun lan-eblas aig neach air aon chanain teanga phriseil m’athraichean, is a’ chknain co-dhiubh, is ann gle iosal a bhios a a dh’fhbghlum mo mhkthair dhomh aig a chrannchar anns an t-saoghal so. Is e gluin.’’ canain an t-amar troimh am bheil gach uile Ach chan e sin is aon aobhar gus a’ e61as a‘ sruthadh. Anns an doigh so, mar is Ghkidhlig a lan-fhbghlum. Cho math ri beairtiche ar comas cainnte is ann is leithne eblas fhaotainn oirre ’nar dleasdanas a tha sruth an eolais a’ taomadh ehugainn: duthchail, dh’fhaodadh i bhi air a h-kireamh tha, mar so, eblas ag gineamhainn eblais is mar an ceudna fo’n cheud dk cheann a ’ga cho-dhublachadh fein air gach laimh. dh’ainmich mi. De na canainean fa leth a dh’ fhbghlumar Chan ’eil a’ bheag de mhalairt ’g a air a’ cheann so, is fheudar a’ Bheurla deanamh tre sgriobhadh anns a’ Gkidhlig, Shasunnach, a’ Fhraingis, an teanga ach chan ann a chionn is nach gabhadh i Ghearmailteach is an teanga Spkinnteach deanamh innte. Chan ’eil ar cknain ainmeachadh. Is iad sin prlomh chknainean dhuthchail air a fbghlum dhuinn an km ar malairt an t-saoghail, is feumar eblas n-6ige; tha a’ Bheurla Shasunnach ro fhaotainn air aon no aon-eigin dhiubh ma tha dheiseil aig ar laimh gu a cur am feum, is neach a’ deanamh a’ bheag no mh6r de mar sin tha dearmad air a deanamh air a’ mhalairt idir. Ghkidhlig. Anns an dara kite, tha cknain air a Ach a dh’aindeoin sin uile, chan eil aobhar foghlum gu beachd a ghabhail air a gnk mar fo’n ghrein is aithne dhbmhsa a chuireadh theanga, a chionn feabhas is maise a bacadh oimn bho mhalairt ri ar co-Ghkidh- litreachais, is a thaobh na h-eachdraidh a tha ealaibh, ge be ionad de’n duthaich anns am air a snlomh anns an litreachas sin. Dhiubh faodadh ar cbmhnuidh a bhi, ’nar teanga so faodar Eabhra, Greigis is Laideann ainm- bhlkth charthannach fbin. Is aithne dhomh eachadh. Na’s trice na an t-atharrachadh buth leabhraichean anns am bheil ivinn tha cknain de’n t-sebrsa so air dol aog mar chuimseach de leabhraichean G kidhlig air an theanga labhrach ann ar linn-ne, ach chan reic, agus is trie a bhios fios a’ tighinn air an eil sin a’ toirt air falbh a’ bheag de a feum t-sebrsa bathair so chuea an Gkidhlig an eblas de ’n t-sebrsa so fhallain. Ach ghabhadh nithean eile cho Ach tha aobhar eile ann a chionn cknain math ri leabhraichean Gkidhlig iarraidh ann a bhi air a fbghlum do bg is do shean, ged is an Gkidhlig. Ma tha eolas riaghailteach cruaidh ri aideachadh gu bheil sinn buailt- mar bu chbir dhuinn againn air ar teanga each de bhi a’ call seallaidh air. Is e an dhuthchail fbin, bhiodh e cho furasda dhuinn t-aobhar sin a bu chbir a bhi os ceann gach bolla mine no paidhear bhrbg iarraidh an uile aobhair eile: tha mi ag ciallachadh an litir Ghkidhlig is a bhiodh e am Beurla aobhair chinneadail, an t-aobhar a chionn ar Shasunnaich anns a’ cheart dbigb. Gun cknain f£in a chur os ceann uile chknainean teagamh tha nithean bra air na bhird- is theangannan a’ chruinne-cb. mhalairt an diugh air nach d’ihugadh Is e seilbh mhic an duine os ceann a ainmean ro chothromach an Gkidhlig fathast, chorra de’n chruthachadh gu bheil teanga ach is e so raon farsaing eile a tha air thois- labhrach ’na bheul is gu bheil buadhan air each air saoithrichean as leth na Gkidhlig; am buileachadh air a riochdaicheas eadhon ainmean bra Gkidhlig a bhi ’gan AN DEO-GREINE. riochdachadh bho am gu km do nithean no i fbin a thogail an kird os ceann uile suidhichean bra a dli’^ireas f’ar comhair. theangannan an t-saoghail. Tha i an sin air Bha focail bra ’gan deanamb anns an am a gheall mor kireamh nan sluagh a tha ’ga dh’falbb nuair a dh’&readh an t-aobhar; is labhairt gach Ik, is an da chuid mar chknain ann ’san dbigh so a tha canainean malairt malairt is mar chknain litreachais. Ged a mar a tha Beurla a’ fas reachdmhor ikidir rachadh i bks am mkireach mar chainnt ’nar latha-ne, agus car-son a dhearmadadh- dhbthchail cinnidh, tha feabhas a litreachais maide an leasachadh ceudna a dheanamh air a’ toirt dhi kite nach caill i fad is a bhios a’ Ghaidhlig. sluagh a’ cur bidh an litreachas, no a’ Tha na smuaintean so a’ fosgladh raon beachdachadh air smuaintean is air briathran farsaing romhainn gun teagamh. Car-son a’ chuid is fekrr de’n chinne-daonn. Ach nach faodadh sebladh gu gach uile shebrsa fada mun do sgrlobhadh is eadhon mun do de bhiadh annasach a dheasachadh, labhradh focal Beurla an Eileanan cungaidhean-leighis a ghabhail, innleachdan Bhreatann bha a’ Ghkidhlig ’na Ikn sheilbh bra a chur air ghleus, is mar sin air aghaidh, am beairteas a litreachais, is ’na cainnt a bhi air an cur sios an Gkidhlig ri taobh na cinnich chumhachdaich an Eileanan Siar so Beurla is na Fraingis. Agus bhiodh sin air a’ Chuain. a dheanamh na’n sireadh Gkidheil na tha Chan eil litreachas na Gkidhlig aon chuid ’gan dith ’nan cknain fein. tearc no suarach. Chan ’eil e sin gun a’ Chan ’eil aobhar air dol na’s fhaide air Ghkidhlig Albannach fhkgail idir, is le a’ cheann so an ceart-uair, ach cha bhiodh Gkidhlig na h-Eireann a ghabhail a stigh is e idir mi-thaitneach meomhrachadh car tiota fiachail, is tomadach agus is beairteach e da air, abraibh, sebladh an Gkidhlig air mar bu rireadh. Cha d’fhuair sinn nl dlbth air Ikn- choir cupa Bovril (B6-bhrigh) a dheas- eblas air ar litreachas fathast; ach le ar achadh, no staoin-ghogan de bhainne Suis- ■seann ionmhasan fhkgail aig ar n-krd each fhosgladh is a chur gu feum. eblasaich gu an toirt am follais, tha againn Is obair latha tbiseachadh, is le teannadh an linntean ar n-ama fbin seudan luachmhor ris is Ikmh a chumail ann tha e ’nar comas a bu mhbr an dith, agus is mbr an dlth, a’ Ghkidblig a thogail fathast gu inmhe kird dhoibhsean nach eil a’ cur bidh annta. mar chanain malairt. Is ann an so a tha an call dhoibh-san a Le tighinn a dh’ionnsaidh an dara cinn a ghabhas mar cheann-deasbad nach cuir a’ dh’ainmich mi, tha aois na Gkidhlig mar Ghkidhlig sgillinn ’nam pbca. Chan ann le chknain Ebrpach, a h-urram a thaobh a aran a mhkin a bheathaichear clann nan h-eachdraidh is a maise mar chknain bheb daoine. a’ toirt Ikn chbir dhi gu seasamh an lath air Tha ar n-brain is ar sgeulachdan a’ toirt is ri taobh nan cknainean krsaidh ud air an mbr shealladh dhuinn air ar n-eachdraidh d’thug mi iomradh. mar chinneach is air deanadasan ar Is krd iomradh na Grbigis mar a’ chknain n-athraichean. Tha so cho soillear ri a thug dhuinn ar ceud sealladh air fhaicinn is ri thuigsinn is nach eil feum air eachdraidh, air litreachas is air feallsanachd mbran dearbh-dhealbhachadh a thoirt dhbthchannan deas na h-Ebrpa. Seadh ach seachad. Is ann bho bhkrdachd ar dbthcha eadhon trkth ’gan do dh’birich i gu a h-krd a tha fios againn mu chuid de na beachdan inmhe, bha a’ Ghkidhlig ri a taobh a’ gabhail a bha aig ar slnnsearachd mun d’thug iad a slighe siar bho’n aon cheann-fhuaran geill do’n chreideamh Chriosdaidh: air aon rithe. diubh am beachd ion-thaitneach gu robh an Bu mhor buaidh na Laidinn, cainnt sbil ri Eilean Fhlaitheis, Tir nam Og, is gur chothromach nan Rbmanach, a’ chknain leis ann siar orra, leth ri laighe greine a bha an an d’thugadh tiodal do Shlknuighear tir killidh sin ’na seasamh anns a’ chuan, Saoghail air a’ chrann, is aig an robh a mar an ceudna gu robh an cuid arm is an h-lnmhe cho fad siar ri Breatann na h-km cruitean-cibil ri an leagail laimh riu san fbin, ach mun do leagadh stbidh na Rbimhe uaigh gu an cur gu feum air madainn bir an idir bha a’ Ghkidhlig ann. Tha an Laid- ath-bheothachaidh. Gun dol gu sgrlobhadh eann an diugh air a tasgadh suas an no bkrdachd, tha dearbhadh againn eadhon leabhraichean, air leacan is air carraghan- ’nar cknain mar a tha i air a labhairt air an cuimhne, air dol aog mar chainnt labhrach, Ik an diugh air cleachdaidhean sbnraichte a ach tha a piuthar a’ Ghkidhlig fathast beb bhi a’ faotainn aire am measg ar sinnsear. mar theanga dhbthchail a’ Ghkidheil is gun Bha an seann Ghkidheal a’ tionndadh dlth smiora ’na cnkimh. ’aghaidh ris a’ ghrbin, is theagamh a’ toirt Tha a’ Bheurla Shasunnach an geall air bmhlachd is a’ deanamh aoraidh dhi air dhi AN DEO-GREINE. 87 eirigh ’na lan mhaise. ’Nuair a thogadh e ghlan a’ curracadh a nuas a beul a’ ghrinneil. a ghnuis ris an airde 'near, leth ri eirigh Na sireadh e idir deoch dheth bho laimh aoin greine, bha a lamh dheas ris an airde air an eile, gun de dhragh a chur air fein dol air a d’thug e ’ga thaobh sin mar ainm an airde thbir far am bheil e a’ sileadh am pailteas deas, is a lamb tbuathal (chli) ris an kirde do gach neach. Ruigeadh e Sar Obair nam tuath. Bha an airde ’near fa chomhair. Bard is bladh e a leor. Ruigeadh e gach co- Bheir an Gaidheal Eireannach gus an la an chruinneachadh ionmholta eile de obair aoin diugb mu ni sam bith a tba fa chomhair, gu no chaochladh bhkrd is breithnicheadh e bheil e “soir” air, no sear air. Tha mi an orra. Gluaiseadh e air aghaidh gu ruig rogha dixil gun do chaill sinn am facal a bha, anns nan sgeul a theasairg Caimbeulach He is an d6igh so, a’ co-ch6rdadh ris an airde gach aon eile de a sheorsa bho bheul na ’niar le bhi a’ ciallachadh air ar cul. Ach h-uaighe is beachdaicheadh e orra. Beachd- tha aon seadh anns an cuirear gu feum am aicheadh e orra chan ann air gach sgeul mar facal so co-cheangailte ri ar druim fathast, sgeul ach am beairteas cainnte, am mac- is chan eil teagamh sam bith agam nach e meanmna is ar annasachd nan smuain a tha tha an so a’ chuid mu dheireadh de fhacal air am filleadh annta. a fhuair a thoiseach anns an d6igh a Na dearmadadh e baird ar latha fein, cho dh’ainmich mi. math ri ealainich nan tri linntean a Tha fios againn gur e siachadh a theirear ri dh’fhalbh. Cha bu chhir do Ghaidheal air dochunn a nithear air na felithean, gu bith gum biodh aige ri aideachadh nach do sonraichte alt-fheithean nan lamh no nan leugh e “Clarsach an Doire” is “Am Fear- cas. Ach ciod a theirear ri dochunn de’n ciuil” bho cheann gu ceann. Chan e aon t-seorsa so air a dheanamh air feithean an uair ach iomad uair a bheir iad sin seachad droma, an e siachadh? Tha mi an duil nach an cruach-lan de thaitneas is de thoileach- e. Is e sin an ni ris an abrar “siaradh,” is adh. Agus tha iad-san beb ’nar latha fein a chan abrar siaradh an ceartas ri siachadh eile dh’fhaodteadh ainmeachadh (is guidheamaid ach anns an druim a mhain. an tuille saoghail dhoibh gu slor-chur ri an Nach taitneach an ni a bhi a’ breathneach- cuibhrionn a tha cheana tomadach), a thug adh air nithean de’n t-seorsa sin. Nach ann dhuinn obair mhor a chuir meas orra fein is againn a tha an dlleab luachmhor ’nar air an duthaich. n-eolas air ar canain dhuthchail f than in Iona. Who knows but perhaps the The Coming Argyllshire Gathering in Oban. Prince of Wales, the Prince and Steward of September, 1921. Scotland, whom the Highland people watch We have received a list of competitions in with the greatest regard and admiration, and the “Bevived Industries Section” in connec- who possesses the insight, fascination, and tion with the Argyllshire Gathering, to be charm of another young man, Bonnie Prince held in Oban in September first. It is Charlie, sung in Highland song, and still desired to encourage the ancient arts of dear to Highland hearts, in the course of his weaving and dyeing, etc. The competitions many visitations, may some day make a (21 in number) are restricted to Argyllshire, quiet tour in the Hebrides, and visit this and prizes are offered. Intending competi- holy ground, where lies the dust of his tors should write for rules and the nature of earliest Scottish ancestors. Nothing can the competitions to Geo. H. Campbell, Yr., of ever rob this gem in the ocean of its imperish- Succoth, Garscube, Glasgow, or to Mr Neil able past, and it will still continue to shed Shaw, Secretary of An Comunn Gaidhealach, 92 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY’S PAGE. and the prospect of a large and successful gathering in September is very hopeful. Subscriptions are already coming in, and an Tha mi a’ sgriobhadh so an diithaich appeal for funds is being issued shortly. The Dhonnchaidh Bhain. Chan ’eil ceo no syllabus, containing 67 competitions, is now sneachd air Cruachan no Beinn Dbrain agus ready. It is quite probable that more will gu h-iosail anns a’ ghleann so tha a’ ghrian be added before the month of June, and a’ dearrsadh gu blath boillsgeaeh, agus tha na these will be noted here when accepted. h-eoin a’ ceilearadh air feadh nam preas. Tha mi an dochas nach bi an Smebrach a’ caoineadh ’sa Mhart mar a tha an Sean- The death occurred on 15th February of fhacal ag radh a bhitheas i ma sheinneas i Mr. John Sinclair, manager with Mr. Archd. san Fhaoilteach. Is fonnmhor a ceilear an Sinclair, Celtic Press, Glasgow. Deceased diugh agus is m6r am beud a bhi sealltuinn was in the firm’s- employment for 46 years, ri tuireadh ’na dheidh. Tha barr-guc air and had charge of the printing of this geugan cheana agus an aitean fasgach tha magazine from the first number until the an sobhrach a togail a cinn. issue of December last. He took a personal interest in “An Deo Greine,’’ and all other publications issued by the firm for An The Glasgow University Ossianic Society, Comunn. His passing will be keenly felt by which was founded 90 years ago by the Rev. the present proprietor, Mr. Alex. J. Sinclair. Dr. Norman MacLeod (Caraid nan Gaidheal), is still pursuing its course vigorously and successfully. There is a large band of active A movement is likely to be set on foot to and enthusiastic young Highlanders at Glas- collect money for the restoration of the gow University at this moment, and they are monument erected to the memory of Duncan infusing new life into the Ossianic and Ban MacIntyre near Dalmally. Some time making it a real and influential exponent of ago the monument was struck by lightning, Celtic sentiment at Gilmorehill. The Society and several of the large granite blocks were recently held a most successful concert in displaced. Donnchadh Ban is the best the Berkeley Hall, at which a splendid pro- known of our Gaelic bards, and if an appeal gramme, mainly of Gaelic music, was for funds is issued it should meet with ready submitted. At its last meeting the Hon. response. The Oban Branch of An Comunn President, Mr. Malcolm MacLeod, ex- will celebrate its annual Duncan Ban Night President of An Comunn, read a much on 18th March, when a Gaelic oration will appreciated paper on “The Gaelic Outlook. ” be delivered and the Bard’s songs sung. Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, on the 12th Febru- ary, had the pleasure of listening to an able Hearty congratulations to three members and comprehensive lecture on “Donnchadh of An Comunn on their appointment as Ban’’ from the Rev. Andrew Douglas of the Justices of Peace for the County and City of Highlanders’ Memorial Church. Mr. Douglas Glasgow. These are Dr. Neil Munro, Mr. hails from Glenorchy, and is a warm Duncan MacGillivray, Rector of Hillhead admirer of the Bard, whose life and work he High School, and Mr. Robert Macfarlane, dealt with in a most interesting and dis- C.A., Treasurer of An Comunn. criminating fashion. The Rev. Dr. Adam Gunn of Durness was present, and spoke, expressing his pleasure at having the oppor- The re-union of the natives of Islay takes tunity of visiting Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, of place in the St. Andrew’s Halls on 11th which he had heard and read so much, and March. This brings to a close the county which he was delighted to find in such a gatherings for the session. The St. Columba healthy and vigorous condition. and Glasgow Gaelic Musical Association Choirs will hold their respective annual concerts towards the end of the month, and The Mod Local Committee met in the thereafter many annual meetings will take Office of An Comunn on 17th February. place. There was a large attendance of members, Null. AN DEO-GMNE. 93 ORAN DO’N CHAORA CHE AN FHIONN. (Duncan Ban MacIntyre.) 1921 Mod Competition, No. 67. Glenetive Songs. Competitors may sing either version. LORN VERSION. JURA VERSION. From Mr John MacCallum, Tighnambarr. Key Eb. Seisd Key G. Seisd. \/ m : s |I 1 ., s : m { d1 : Hem o ho i o Hem 1 : 1 . d1 / { d : chean-fhionn,r, r .- / chean-fhionn, r : m /\ fl d' lHem m Hem Rann(.r){r ., m 1 : s ., m/ u.. 1 ’Sa’ chaora o Shiusaidh ’S a’ chaora mf huair . m | m., m : 1 1/ t id1., 1 | s ., m : r, r .- / {l ., 1 : 1 . 1 s ., s : 1 . d1 / uGun an cuinn a dhol g’a ceannach. Gun an cuinn a dhol g’a ceannach. A’ chaora thainig a Coir’-uanain* Gheibh mi ruisg an Tigh-na-Sroine Pairt g’a suanaich mar an canach. O ’n mhnaoi choir a tha ’san Arrar. Hem o, etc. ’S ann bu chosmhail ris an t-sioda An Gleann Ceitilein an fheoir Etc. Caora mhin nan casa geala. Gheibh mi na ruisg mhora gheala. Etc. ’Nuair a thigeadh mlos roimh Bhealltuinn Ruigidh mi bean Cheann Loch Eite Etc. B’ fheairrde mi na bh’ aice bhainne. Tha mi ’m eiginn ’s cha bu mhath leath. Etc. Chumadh i rium grudh is uachdar Their an te tha ’n Guala-chuilinn Etc. Air fbuarad ’s ga’m biodh an t-Earrach. ’S mor is duilich learn do ghearan. Etc. ’S mise fhuair an sgobadh creacba Their gach te tha ’n Druim a ’ ChothuisEtc. ’N la leag iad i ’san rainich. Gheibh thu rud ’s gur math an airidh. Etc. ’S diombach mi do’n Ghille-mhartuinn ’Nuair a theid mi dh’ lonar-Charnain Etc. Bha cho dan is dol ’na caramb. Cha leig aon a th’ ann mi falamh. Etc. O ’n a chaill mi nis mo chaora Chan ’eil te tha ’n Dail-an-Easa Etc. ’S cosmhail m’ aodach a bhi tana. Nach teid mi ’m freasdal a ceanail. Etc. H’ uile bean a th’anns an duthaich Thig mi dhachaidh leis na gheibh mi Etc. Tba mi ’n diiil an durachd mhath dhomh. ’S tomad dheth cho'm6r ri gearran. Etc. Hem o, etc. *Coir’-uanainn is the name of a farm between Onich and Fort William. BRANCH REPORTS. Williamdramatic Macphersoneffect. Miss renderedMamie CarmichaelHighland musicand Mr.on Benderloch.—This Branch held its first ceilidh MacCormickthe piano and played violin thewith accompaniments. skill and taste. DuringMiss —theon the President,evening of Rev.18th FebruaryJ. A. MacCormick, in the Victoria B.D., Hall in thean intervalaudience in in the Gaelic. programme Mr. Duncan Mr. Shaw Black’s addressed read- wasthe chair.sustained A splendidby Miss programme Cathie MacAskill of Gaelic (Goldsong whiching of twowas sgeulachdanentirely conducted was a featurein Gaelic. of theThe ceilidh, Rev. DuncanMedallist), Morrison, Mr. Neil Shawand Mr.(General Thomas Secretary), Cameron Mr. performers,D. M. Cameron and proposeda memorable a vote ceilidh of thanks closed to with the gave(Achnashellach). the recitation, Miss Macphail,“An Fheadag,” Branch Secretary,with fine MacAskillthe singing and of Mr.“Oidhche Shaw. Mhath Leibh” by Miss 94 AN DEO-GMNE. Mallaig.—Under the auspices of the Mallaig inRev. Gaelic. H. G. MacLellan, Borgie, will give an address HallBranch on a 26thsuccessful January concert in aid was of held the inMallaig the Public and Oldshobe.—An entertainment was given by the Knoydartkindly gave Nursing the use Association of the hall Fund.for the Mr.evening, Williams and beingBranch enrolled Committee at eachrecently, meeting. and newThe membersmembership are itpresided, was completely made appropriatecrowded. Fatherreference Macrae, in well-who atis nowa small 21, andfee. Juniors are being encouraged to join chosen remarks to the deserving cause for which Inshegba.—Ceilidhs are held at regular intervals, Branchthe concert of Anwas Comunn held. HeGaidhealach also wished every the Mallaigsuccess and the membership is increasing. Much interest not only in maintaining the language of our fore- ceilidhs.in the movement has been created locally by these fathers but in spreading it. A programme of all- Fabb.—The interest and enthusiasm of the mem- contributinground excellence being was:—Mr. then Dun. gone Gillies, through, Mr. Jamesthose bers is unabated. The social evenings are a decided Dawson, Miss Edna Lome, Mr. Neil Shaw treat,making and splendid those progress.attending the Gaelic classes are (Secretary pf An Comunn), Mrs. Barker, Mr. Neil Applecboss.—This Branch has been meeting fort- MacKinnonKinnon, Mr. (Mull),Donald Mr.Gillies, Walker, Mrs. MissArch. TinaCampbell, Mac- nightly throughout the session, and the attendance and Mr. Angus MacIntyre. Mrs. Williams skilfully isat 40,meetings and all is arenever keenly less interestedthan 30. inThe its membership work. announcedplayed the that accompaniments.the handsome sum Theof £29 “hadChairman been Shieldaig.—Although a branch has not actually realised,assisted themso that had the reason Committee to congratulate and those themselves. who had beenwith Gaelicformed, Bible satisfactory Reading. progress is being made toMr. the Donald artistes, Maclennan and a similarproposed compliment a vote of thanksto the Eabbusaig.—Successful ceilidhs were held on 7th Chairman was proposed by Mr. John Scotland. Mr. byJanuary Misses and Kate 10th MacLennan, February, whenMary songsHalliday, were Isabel sung toNeil the Shaw aim acknowledgedof An Comunn. and Dr. made Jeannie fitting Macrae, reference on Finlayson, Jessie Matheson, Joan Finlayson, and behalf of the Nursing Association, thanked the Com- W.Messrs. J. A.and Beaton, Kenneth J. Budge,Matheson, Donald and MacKenzie, Donald £8mittee. 10s wasA collecteddance followed, so that atthe which sum theof £37sum 10sof Maclnnes. A feature of these meetings was the was handed to the Fund. Ken.excellence Finlayson, of the Ken.pipe musicMacDonald, provided Donald by Messrs. Mac- ComunnAbisaig.—Mr. Gaidhealach, Neil lecturedShaw, toSecretary the local ofBranch An Kenzie, Donald and F. Murchison. Mr. David on 27th January. The hall was completely full. 7thUrquhart, January, M.A., and readgave aan paper account on “St.of “St. Patrick” Columba on Hisinteresting. subject, It “Ancientwas treated Customs,” in beautifully proved descrip- most and the Battle of Cul-dreimhne” on 10th February. tive language, and classical Gaelic. Rev. Father Messrs.Sgeulachdan D. Cameron and readings and D. Urquhart,were contributed and gramo- by M'Eachan,welcome to presiding,Arisaig, and extended made eulogisticto him areference hearty phone selections by Mr. D. MacKinnon. At the to his extensive knowledge of Celtic literature. lastinspiring meeting and Mr.encouraging Farquhar address MacRae, on Kyle,the “Past gave and an Councillorthanks. AWilliam Ceilidh M‘Donaldfollowed, proposedand' the afollowing vote of Present Conditions of Gaelic.” All the proceedings members entertained :—Messrs. Neil Shaw, Angus mostwere conductedstimulating in andGaelic, the andaudiences the meetings enthusiastic. were all M'Donald,Gillies, Lachlan John Gillies,M‘Donald, Lachlan John M'Laren,M'Pherson, and James Miss Lochabeb.—On 28th January the Masonic Hall Louise MTherson. A reading was given by Mrs. Generalwas crowded Secretary, to hear ona lecture“Ceol fromGaidhealach.” Mr. Neil Shaw,The LachlanAngus M'Eachan, Gillies, and exhibition bagpipe selectionsof dancing by byMessrs. Mr. Rev. A. Dawson presided, supported by the Rev. Hugh M'Donald and James M'Donald. Perfect Johngiven aMacDougall, cordial reception, President. and hisThe remarks lecturer on harp,was successthree hearty attended cheers the for meeting, the rev. whichChairman, ended on with the violin, bagpipe, and Gaelic song were thoroughly proposition of Mr. L. Gillies. inappreciated. illustration Mr.of hisShaw lecture sung :—“Oranthe following Mor songsMine membersKnoydabt.—A of An Comunnsuccessful Gaidhealach, dance, organised was held byin Leoid,” “Tog orm mo phiob,” “Mairi Bhan Og,” the barn at Invefie recently. The room was taste- luain“Cumha Ghabh Iain i Ghairbh’n cuan.” Rasaidh,” Mr. MacKinnonand “Moch gave Di- musicfully decoratedwas supplied for the byoccasion. D. Huggins Excellent and dance D. pleasing illustrations of Gaelic melodies on the M'Crimmon on the “Piob mhor,” and J. Henderson mandoline,Shaw in singing and accompanied“An t-Eilean withMuileach.” fine effect Songs Mr. byand MissMessrs. M'Master J. M'Donald, on the violin.D. Gillies, Songs A. were and sung D. were contributed by members of the audience, and M'Phee, H. M'Askill, D. Huggins, J. Huggins, and theafter meeting a vote wasof thanks, closed proposedby the bysinging the President, of the MaggieJ. M'Kay. and TheJoan following M'Phee, ladies Flora also M'Eachan, sang :—Misses and National Anthem in Gaelic. Mrs. M'Askill. Refreshments were served at Branch,Glenetive.—The on 16th February, General and, Secretary despite visitedthe excep- the Homeregular Farm, intervals made during an efficient the night. M.C. Mr. D. Stewart, tionally boisterous weather, a fair number assembled Tongue.—The monthly meeting of this Branch in the Schoolhouse. A very pleasant evening1 was —Councillorwas held on theD. 3rdMacKay, February Vice-President, in the Public inSchool the Duringspent with an Gaelicinterval songs, in therecitations, programme and dancing.tea was chair. There was a large attendance. The Secre- supplied!Alex. MacLaren, and Mr. Dalmally,Shaw gave a aformer short address.member, wasMr. Williamtary, Mr. Wallace,W. S. Munro, and Mr. read MacLeod a Gaelic paperHeadmaster, on Sir welcomed to the gathering by his many friends. nextgave meetinga rousing will address be held in Gaelicon 3rd and March, English. when Thethe Dawson,Songs were Miss sung Bessie by Miss MacLean, A. C. Whyte,and Mr.Miss TissyeShaw. AN DEO-GKEINE. 95 Master Gregor MacGregor gave a recitation. The The programme was opened with bagpipe Branch Committee are giving two prizes for the best selections by Pipe-Major Sutherland and rendering of a song connected with Loch Etive and Piper Gordon Asher, and the stirring strains DalnessKingussie.—A at the forthcoming very successful Glasgow ceilidh Mod. was held of the national instrument gave a fitting recently, members turning out in large numbers. send-off to the Highland concert, and the Piper Angus Munro led off, and other members efforts of the pipers met with the hearty contributed! songs, etc. The President, Rev. Dugald appreciation of the audience. The local Macfarlane, was unavoidably absent. soloists—Mrs Laughland, Mrs Litster, Mr onInverness.—A 21st February. meetingMr Alister of MacDonald,this Branch presidtent,was held Hugh M‘Andrew Macdonald, Rev. G. Mac- intimated that they had been able, in conjunction lennan, and Mr James Wilson—were never with the Gaelic Society, to arrange for the use of heard to better advantage, and each had to rooms at 6 Queensgate for their meetings. These respond to an enthusiastic and well-deserved wereShaw, considered Secretary, satisfactory referred toand the suitable. Gaelic Mr. Reading W. J. encore. Miss Rhoda Macleod, along with Circle, and said title attendance at the earlier her father, Mr Roderick Macleod, Inverness, meetings of the session was not as good as could also took part in the programme. be wished, owing principally to the difficulties as “Ruairidh” received quite an ovation; so tofurther a place meetings of meeting. of the It Circle was decidedat the torooms have nowthe did his daughter. Both were in the best of secured, the next meeting to be held on Thursday form. The Rev. W. D. A. Mackenzie, in evening, 24th February. The finances of the Branch proposing a vote of thanks to the artistes, are quite satisfactory. said that no one in Scotland had done more hadKxllin.—This a very successful Branch, ceilidh containing towards 112 the members, end of to popularise Celtic song than Mr Macleod. January, 100 members1 being present. The President —From the “Caithness Courier.’’ ofclasses—(a) the Branch Learners’, Rev. Class, Mr. (b)Mack Readers’ ay, conducts Class. twoA ❖ dramatic“Reiteach party Moraig” has beenat the formed close ofand the will session. reproduce AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. <> NEW LIFE MEMBERS. GREAT HIGHLAND GATHERING AT Lady Mac Alister, Glasgow. THURSO. MrsMajor Louis Andrew de Glohn, Gow, Cambridge.D.S.O., Glasgow;. The hills and glens of the Highlands were Rev. Hector Cameron, Kilmartin. brought very near in the Territorial Hall on Mrs M. Ke1111edy-Fraser, Edinburgh. Thursday evening of last week, the occasion Lt.-Col. J. Macrae-Gilstrap of Eilean Donan. being the first annual gathering of the Mrs MactRae Gilstrap of Eilean Do nan. Thurso Branch of An Comunn Gaidhealach. Capt.Lieut. PeterDuncan A. MacRae,MacBrayne, Yr., 'Greenock. of Eilean Donan. The spacious hall was crowded to overflow- NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. ing with an enthusiastic and responsive Neil MacKinnon, Esq., Inverness. audience, who had come from east, south, Archd. Ferrie, Esq., C.A., Glasgow. and west to listen to Scotland’s premier J. J. D. Hourston, C.A., J.P., Glasgow Gaelic vocalist, Mr Roderick Maeleod, Mrs Christina Crawford, Glasgow. Inverness, and his no less talented daughter, Alex. Sutherland, Esq., Rogart. Miss Macleod. Mr Macleod was well known R.Neil M. S. Montgomery,Campbell, Esq., Esq., Ibrox. Glasgow. to those who came from the west as the John Montgomery, Esq., Lochalsh. great Gaelic tenor who toured the Reay John MacKinnon, Esq., Ardlamont. country some twenty years ago with the Miss Margaret MacIntyre, Connel. Clan Mackay Society’s representatives. DonaldMiss Ina MacDonald, MacGregor, Esq., Cbnnel. Connel. The large audience waited with much Hugh MacP'hail, Esq., Connel. expectancy the opening of the programme, Miss Lizzie MacCorquodale, Connel. and they were rewarded with the finest Mrs Medlicott, 'Connel. musical treat ever given in Thurso. Rev. C. D. 'Macintosh, M.A., Connel. The Rev. G. R. Maclennan, M.A., DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD FUND. President of the Society, presided, and in TheVery StewartRev. J. O.Society Russell, D.D... £11 01 0 introducing the programme gave a short Glasgow Highland Club 5 0 0 address in Gaelic and English. He said that Clan Mackay Society 3 3 0 although there were many people present Arran Society 3 3 0 that night who did not understand the Major Andrew Gow 2 2 0 Gaelic they had the spirit of the Highlander. Miss C.Maggie L. Cochrane Stewart ... 0 5 0 He also referred to the advance the Gaelic Alex. J. Sinclair, Esq 1 1 0 language had made in recent years, and that ■Samuel MacGavin, Esq. 0 5 0 it was now recognised as part of the curricu- J. C. Sprott, Esq 0 5 0 lum of Highland schools. £17 10 0 AN DEO-GREINE. NOW READY. The Shop for Gaelic Books. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 10/- net. Postage 6d. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English SongsPrice Postage AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK with Translations & Gaelic Readings, by ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. 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WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ and GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES, SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, Mackay’s Palace Hotel CHARING CROSS (nkxLtklAND) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. myniyHighly Kecommenoea.Recommended |I BEDROOM,, ATTENDANCE,f ST,LIGHT, from ANDSs. Bn PensionTaBLE Rates d onhote Application. BREAK A HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Mios Deireannach an Earraich, 1921. [Earrann 7. CLAR-INNSIOH . PAGE. Feumar aideachadh an diugh gun d’thainig leasachadh nach beag an cor a’ Croiteirean an la an Diugh, 97 chroiteir o’n km ud, agus gu bheil an cbrr Ancient Forests in the Highlands, 99 a’ dol a thighinn air a chrannchur ma Eoghann Mac-an-Toisich agus na Cuimeinich, 100 ghabhas e an cothrom tha lagh na Kloghachd Dh’falbh mo Leannan Fein, ... 104 a tairgse dha. Anns a’ cheud dol a mach, Some Gaelic Parting Songs, 105 tha innleachdan air an deilbh a chum Executive Council, 107 fkrdaichean a dheanamh na’s taitneiche The Position of Gaelic, 107 do’n t-sixil, maille ris a’ chomh-fhurtachd Secretary’s Page, ...... 108 tha cleachdadh is gnkths an ama ag agradh. Branch Reports, 109 Bha’n t-km ann. An uair a bheirear fainear Broadford Singing Classes, Ill na tha de thighean dubha salach ri fhaicinn Notes and Comments, ... Ill air feadh na Gaidhealtachd, is leor e gu nkire is rughadh gruaidhe a chur oimn. Gun CROITEIREAN AN LA AN DIUGH. teagamh faodar a rkdh nan robh cothrom aig na croiteirean air tighean na b’fhekrr a Bha la eil’ ann, agus bu shearbh e, an thogail, dheanadh iad e, ach mar a thuirt uair a bha croiteirean air a fuadach a mach mi cheana, bha’n dubh bhochduinn anns an o’n tir fein gu tirean coimheach a b’aocolt- rathad, agus cha do ghabh an Bioghachd an ach ris na glinn 'a dh’fhag iad, gun diiil ri t-suim bu lugha do’n cor gus a seo. Ma tilleadh—glinn a bha coisrigte air clar na ghabh i a nis e, tha fios againn c’arson. h-inntinn air iomadh doigh. Ach chan ann Chaidh na mlltean punnd Sasunnach a chur mun km chraiteach ud a tha mi ’dol a leud- air leth o chionn ghoirid air son leas nan achadh an seo, oir chan ’eil moran sta ann croiteirean, agus mur dean iad greim air an a bhi ag ath-aithris rudan mi-chiatach a tairgse fhialaidh a tha air a chur fo’n ghlac aire Alba o cheann gu ceann aig an km. comhair, agus feum a dheanamh de’n An uair a fhuair iad sochairean ur tre an chothrom, is iad fhein is coireach. Feum- Achd a chuireadh air bonn suas ri dk aidh an croiteir diisgadh suas gu bhi fhichead bliadhna a nis, cha robh iad an diehiollach, deanadach ma bhios dixil aige eisimeil maor no uachdaran fhad ’sa ri soirbheachadh. Cha dean mkirnealachd phkidheadh iad a’ mkl reusonta a chaidh a an gnothuch, oir tha comhfhurtachd beatha shuidheachadh orra. Ach an deidh sin uile agus crannchur na’s fekrr na bha riamh aige bha faileas duaichnidh na bochduinn ’ga an crochadh ris a’ chilis. Ma ni e seo, leantuinn. Dh’fhkgadh iad gun chulaidh- chithear dreach ur air an diithaich. Mar a chobhair air thalamh ach obair an dk laimh thuirt Sir Seoras mac Bath aig toiseach na fein air criomag fhearainn neo-thorach, bliadhna; “Ni am fksach gkirdeachas, maille ris a’ chuideachadh a gheibheadh iad bithidh an dithreabh ait, agus thig e fo o shaothair an cloinne air Galltachd. Bochd bhlkth jnar an ros!’’ Saoil an tig. Tha e mar bha a’ chroit, b’e an dachaidh i, agus is coltaeh gu robh Sir Seoras coir a leughadh mor na tha fillte anns an fhacal sin— fkisneichd Isaiah mun do thuit na focail Dachaidh! seo o bhilean. Nan robh e air a rkdh gum 98 AN DEO-GREINE. fasadh an coirce cho reamhar ’sa ckithear e sonas aige ’na shean la nach tuig muinntir air machraichean Chanada, ma dh’fhaoidte nam bailtean mora. gum biodh e na b’fhaisge air an fhirinn. * * * Ach biodh sin mar a dh’fhaodas e, tha Aontaiehidh gach neach an diugh gun moran r ’a dheanamh mun tachair an suidh- d’thainig atharrachadh anabarrach air eachadh tlachdmhor ris a bheil flughair nithean o sguir an cogadh. Chuir an saoghal againn uile. Guidheamaid gun tig rudeigin car dheth, agus tha sloigh na h-E6rpa ri mun cuairt a ni cor ar luchd diithcha na’s spairn a chum cuisean a shocrachadh mar a fhearr na bha e. bha iad roimh 1914, ma theid ac’ air. Chan * * * ’eil an croiteir a’ faireachadh na h-iipraid A reir beachd roinn mhath de’n t-sluagh, a leth cho cruaidh ’sa tha sluagh na Gallt- gu h-araidh na tuathanaich mhora, cha do achd. A dh’aindeoin sin chan ’eil e nochd an croiteir a bheag de sgil air giollachd buidheach le chor. Ma tha dad aige ri chur fearainn eadhon o am na cois-chruime. gu margadh chan fhaigh e cothrom air Chan urrainnear a r&dh gun do nochd, ach inneal-giiilain a chum na crlche sin, ni mo cha bu chor a’ choire a chur air gu h-iomlan, a gheibh e cothrom air bathar fhaotainn as oir is iomadh bacadh a thainig ’na r^thad. an taobh deas ach uair ’san deich la an cuid Bitear a’ f&gail air nach faicear air oirean de chearnan. Chan ’eil na bataichean- is iomallan nan imirean ach cuiseagan smuide cho goireasach sa b’abhaist. Cluinn- ruadha, is luibhean fiadhaich a bhios a’ ear e a nis a’ sireadh rathaidean iaruinn no deoghal an t-siiigh a bhios feumail do’n phor, carabadan ola. Gun teagamh b’fheairrd’ e agus nach faicear mu thimchioll nan dorsan sin. Ach si cheisd; c6 tha dol a ghabhail ach poll is eabar. Bha leithid arm an am seo os laimh? C6 theid an urras gum m’oige ce bith mar tha cuisean an diugh. paidh an gnothuch aig a cheann thall? An Chan fhaicear dad de seo air na gabhaltais e an Rioghachd, no cuideachd an earrais air bheaga tha na Lochlannaich ag aiteachadh feadh na duthcha? Chan e mo leithid-sa bu cho grinn ’s cho sgiobalta. choir freagairt a thairgse. Ach tha mi de’n Am pkidh croit do’n fheadhainn a tha ’na bheachd gu bheil la an atharrachaidh faisg freasdal? Is ceisd chudthromach sin. Is air a Ghaidhealtachd, an uair a theid oibrich- ann aig a’ chroiteir fhein is fe&rr tha fios. ean mora a chur air bonn, ’s a thbisicheas Ach ma dh’amhairceas sinn air a chilis an gniomhachais a bhios freagarrach do’n tir. solus na tha ar n-am ag agradh, chan ’eil e Nach ’eil fios againn uile na bheil ’san soirbh a thuigsinn ciamar a dh ’fhoghnas naoi amharc aig a’ chuideachd ris an abrar “The no deich de acraichean fearainn a chum British Aluminium Company’’ a thaobh teaghlach 6g a thogail. Air an laimh eile lochan is uillt faisg air Lochabar, a chum an ma tha mart no dha aige le’n al, gearran, cur gu feum air son oibrichean a chuireas buntata, beagan chaorach is chearcan, saibhreas cuibhiseach an rathad an t-sluaigh. gheibh e beb-shlainte chuibheasach, gu Bidh cuid a’ cumailamachgu mill oibrichean h-kraidh ma tha e faisg air muir. Chan ’eil de’n t-se6rsa seo dreach na duthcha. Cha am mal daor mar a b’&bhaist, tha mbine a charaich na cnuic no na beanntan co-dhiiibh. nasgaidh aige, agus chan ’eil a dhith air ach ce bith mar a dh’eireas do na h-uillt. Bidh min is tea is siucar. Gheibh e sebl air sin Beinn Nibheis ’na suidhe an sud mar a bha fhaotainn le cuideachadh a theaghlaich. Ach i. Chan urrainn daoine a bhi bed le bhi ag ged dh’fhaodas sin a bhi mar sin, chan fhan amharc air dreach boidheach duthcha. a chlann aig an tigh an uair a thig iad gu Ire. Chan e Lochabar a mhain tha freagarrach Fairichidh iad taladh na Galltachd, agus gu oibrichean mora a chur air chois. Ma feumar an dachaidh fhagail car greise, agus bheir sinn fainear corsa taobh an iar Albainn an t-sean chkraid—an athair ’sa m&thair— eadar duthaich Mhic Aoidh agus Arasaig, fhagail air ceann ghnothuichean. Tillidh chi sinn gu bheil e cho freagarrach ri iad an uair a fhreagras fbrladh gus an Lochabar. Ma thbisicheas oibrichean mar t-seann dachaidh, oir is feiurrd’ iad anail na seo air feadh na Gaidhealtachd coisnidh an duthcha mun till iad do’n bhaile mh6r. An croiteir ’sa theaghlach an cuid fein de’n uair a bheirear seo uile fainear chan ’eil cor tairbhe a leanas. a’ chroiteir an diugh cho dona dheth ’sa * * * shaoileas daoine. Gun teagamh cha bhi Aon cheisd eile. Ciod a thachras do’n moran airgid ’na sporan, ach ma tha Ghaidhlig ma thig sgaoth de na Goill gu slainte cuirp is inntinn air a bhuileachadh Gaidhealtachd an toir air obair? Ma bhios air, is mur ’eil gainne a’ cur dragh air, tha Gaidheil fhein dlleas d’an canain cha AN DEO-GREINE. ruigear a leas a bathadh le droch Bheurla. to France and from thence to the Holy Land Faodaidh an da chanain siubhal taobh ri to take part in the Crusade. In 1643 a taobh; faodaidh a’ chuid as fearr de na seann Captain Scot built a ship in Inverness, nosan Gaidhealach a bhi air an cumail suas which, as they were told by the author of eadhon am measg choigreach. Tha’n the Wardlaw Manuscript, who went on gnothuch uile an laimh a’ Ghaidheil fhein. board the ship, was “a vessel of prodigious Air an aobhar sin thugadh e an aire gun bigness.” That vessel found its way to dean e a dhleasnas. Venice, and Captain Scot became Vice- 0 Admiral of the Venetian Fleet, with the ANCIENT FORESTS IN THE result that he drove the Turks out of the HIGHLANDS. Venetian seas and became a terror to the Mahommedans. Those were two famous By Mk William Mackay, LL.D., Invebness. ships. In the letter-book of a merchant in Forestry in the Highlands in the old times Inverness towards the end of the 17th was very much more important than they century, he found there was a big trade in in the present day could realise. They building small vessels of between 50 and 60 knew from Latin writers that the North of tons, and they found them going not only Scotland wras covered with forests during to various ports in Northern Europe from the Roman occupation. They knew from Norway to France, but also round through the peat mosses that millions of acres were the Mediterranean to the head of the under trees, which were now devoid of Adriatic. He also found that on one occa- trees. There was no moor in the North of sion a 50-ton vessel belonging to Inverness Scotland but was full of roots and stumps of was in the West Indies. The importance of ancient trees. Those old forests were the timber in the Highlands led to stringent known as the Caledonian Forests, and they rules for its preservation. He found in the had still extensive remains of them in 16th and 17th centuries many rules passed Strathglass, Glen-Strathfarar, Glen- by Baron Courts and by Lords of Lovat, the Affaric, Glen-Cannich, as well as in Glen- Chisholm, the Laird of Grant, the proprie- Moriston and parts of Glen-Urquhart. tors of Glen-Urquhart, Stratherrick, and These original Caledonian Forests had never Strathspey for the protection of timber from been planted, but regenerated from time to destruction, and heavy fines were imposed. time naturally. The bulk of the forests had He found that one man was fined £20 Scots disappeared. There were two curious for felling a tree. The timber from Strath- legends as to their disappearance. The one glass was floated down the Glass, and the was that Mary Queen of Scots—he did not timber from Glen-Urquhart, Glenmoriston. know for what reason, but he did not believe and Foyers were floated down Loch Ness she did so—ordered all the forests in the and the River Ness. There was an enor- Highlands to be destroyed by fire. The mous traffic in timber in Strathspey, the other legend was that a super-human hag wood being floated down to the mouth of the from Norway was assisting the Norse during Spey. A large number of people were their invasions, and went about with a employed, and the traffic was a profitable flaming torch all over the Highlands and one to the country as well as to the owners destroyed the woods. As to whether they of the timber, which was in great demand. were to accept the legends he left it to them- For example, in 1636 the laird of Glen- selves. The first glimpses they got in moriston supplied timber for the repair of written records about forests in the High- Fortrose Cathedral, and about the same time lands were very interesting. They alluded for the re-erection of the bridge over the to the importance of the forests in this River Ness at Inverness. The timber for district, and to Inverness being one of the Scot’s ship was got from Dalcattaig, from most important—in fact, the most impor- the then Lord Lovat. At a later period in tant—ship-building places in Britain. The the same century the Chisholm supplied Sir reason was that, while the Highlands were George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh with the covered with valuable timber, the southern timber for Rosehaugh House. In 1754 Sir counties of Scotland and much of England Ludovic Grant was paid £1000 for oak trees were devoid of trees. For example, in 1249 from Ruiskich Woods on Loch Ness-side. the French Earl of St Pol and Blois came Between 1758 and 1763 the laird of Glen- jjO Inverness and built one of the most moriston realised £2000 out of his natural famous ships that ever left Britain. The woods in Glenmoriston. That sum would historian of the day called it a wonderful mean to-day £40,000 or £50,000. ship, and in that ship the Earl crossed first —Northern Chronicle. 100 AN DEO-GREINE. EOGHANN MAC-AN-TOISICH AGUS EWAN MACINTOSH AND THE NA CUIMEINICH. CUMMINGS. 0 chionn c6rr ’us ceithir cheud bliadhna, More than four hundred years ago a great dh’eirich comh-strith mh6r eadar na Cuim- strife arose between the Cummings and the eanaich agus Clann an T6isich, aig an robh Clan Macintosh; [the latter of] whom had oigbreachd mhath, goirid o fhearann a’ a fine estate a short distance from the lands Chuimeinich, larla Bhaideanach agus of The Gumming, Earl of Badenoch and Atholl. Atholl. Bba Ban-Iarla a’ Chuimeinicb, a reir na Tradition has it that the Gumming’s h-aithris, ’na bana-ghe6caire anabarrach; Countess was an extraordinary glutton; and agus a chum an clocras so a shasuchadh, in order to satisfy her greed she had to deal b’eiginn di buntainn gu ro chruaidh ris an very harshly with the poor tenantry. tuath bhochd. Theirteadh gu’n itheadh i seipein smior§ It was said that she used to eat a gach aon 1& air a dinneir, a bharr air iomadh “chappin” (or quart) of marrow § every goireas soghar, annasach, eile. single day at her dinner, besides many rare and dainty delicacies. Le a leithid sin de strogh agus de ana- In consequence of such prodigality and caitheamh, chlaoidh i a cuid tuatha cho mor wastefulness, she harassed her tenantry so agus nach robh iad ’nan urrainn na mail a much that they were not able, either to pay dhioladh, no am fearann a shaoithreachadh, the rents or to work the land, and she was ionnus gu’m b ’eiginn di dol a dh’asluchadh forced to go soming and thiggingt on her faoighef air a coimhearsnaich shaoibhir. rich neighbours. An deidh dhi an duthaich imeachd ag After she had finished perambulating the iarraidh faoighe, dh’innis i do a fear an country in all directions begging for alms, soirbheachadh a bha an co-lorg a turuis, agus she told her husband what success had gu’n tug Mac-an-T6isich M6r Thir-inidh dhi, attended her errand, and how The Great da-bhk-dheug agus tarbh.lf Macintosh of Tirinie had given her twelve cows and a bull. § There are various tales of fairy-women who couples about to marry, or newly married, to help ox-tongues,would eat at etc. a sitting A hero an entirerequires ox, “marrowor several of dozen deer them(1828) insays setting this upcustom house. ‘is stillThe practisedHighl. Soc. in manyDiet. Irishand sinews Folk Tales,of beeves” 139. to Theeat, featin Larminie’sof consuming West a Deioar'sparts of theDiet. Highlands (1830) also and says Islands.’ that it MacLeodis ‘still parti- and inquart the offirst marrow-fat instance dailyto some was fairy-women probably attributed in some toally be practised.’ obsolete. I Thethink practice, it may however,now (1880) of begiving said long-forgottenCountess long tale,afterwards. and wasThe transferred Rev. J. G. toCamp- the theuseful very presents highest to ranksyoung of couples modern is society.”encouraged See in ofbell the [Superstitions, principal castles 281) saysin Perthshire, that a curse which lay on curse one Ibid.Greine, 66, IX., 198; 56. The Wizard’s Gillie, 45; An Deo- whowas “causedlived entirely by the on haughtiness marrow”—i.e., of an marrowold woman fat. If Thir-inidh, Faclair, 1028. See also Nicolson, An“the echo quaint of these Admiralty traditions custom may perhapsof presenting be seen ina 85:“Cha bhi Toiseach air Tirinidh, ’s cha bhi barrelcommand.” of tongues Under to anthe admiral heading taking of “The over Gifta new of ThereTirinidh shall gun never Toiseach. be a Macintosh of Tirinie, Tongues,”“some lines this bycustom the wasFlag-Lieutenant,” made the subject which of Macintosh,nor shall in Tiriniea note onbe this,without calls a Macintosh.it ‘a ridiculous Prideappeared or haughtinessin Punch, Octoberin a woman 13, 1915, is. apage motif 315.— in prophecyshire, now concerningextinct’; aproposan ancient of which family he ingives Perth- the Sgeulachd Mhic Cruimein, An Deo-Greine, IX., 89. isstory near of Blair their Atholl,being killed and itby is the pleasant Cummings. to know Tirinie that andf Faoighe=askingsometimes cattle, for a customaid in shapeonce veryof corn, common. wool, a Macintosh still (1880) farms there.” Nicolson’s Gaelic Proverbs, 108, says : “The practice HistoryMr. Alexander of Clan ChattanMackintosh deals Shaw, with theauthor story of in thean however,of going ‘aircommon faighe’ to (or parts faoighe,’ of Ireland Ir. ‘fqighe’) and of was,the article, called “Mackintosh’s Cairn in Glen Tilt, and Highlands, and was also known in the Lowlands cf legendits Legend,” belongs in towhich Rothiemurchus he favours therather view thanthat theto wasScotland.” as common “In theas a‘good bad oldseason, times,’ it waswhen not dearth con- Atholl. Trans., G. Soc., Inverness, XI., 273. See sidered degrading for respectable people to go forag- isalso not Ibid, clear XVIII., as to the232. nameThe ofversion the cairnsubmitted or cairns. here ingkind among of begging their friendswas also for practised grain, wool, by oretc.” for young“This See the last two paragraphs. AN DEO-GREINE. 101 An kite a thaingealachd is ann a dhuisg an Instead of his being thankful, this sub- fhialachd shomalta so a dhiumb, a fharmad, stantial generosity stirred up within him agus a chorruieh ri saoibhreas a cboimb- indignation, envy, and anger at the riches earsnaich. of his neighbour. Bha sgatb air r’a bbeairteas, agus do He was indeed actually frightened at his thaobh sin, cbuir e roimbe gu’n cuireadb e riches, and for that reason determined to kiil &s da: agus a chum sgkil a chur air a’ him; and in order to give his wicked deed ghniomh mhi-chneasda sin, chuir e’n c&ll some colour, he alleged that the noble in gu’n robb an t-uasal sin tuilleadh ’s mor aig question was too fond of his wife. a mbnaoi. Ar leis gu’n robb so ’na dheagb leithsgeul, It seemed to him that this was a good agus ’na chion-fath freagarrach air excuse, and suitable reason for a quarrel. connspoid. Bha e nis a’ feitheamh nam fath chum a He now began to watch for an opportunity rim a chur an gnlomh; ni a fhuair e gu grad to carry out his intentions; which he very a dheanamb, le caisteal an duine eile aig soon managed to do, by surrounding at mid- Tomafuir (kite tha goirid o Bhlkr-Atholl)* night the castle belonging to the other at a chuairteacbadh mu mbeadhon oidhche, an Tomafour (a place which is a little way from uair a mharbh iad an teaghlach gu h-iomlan, Blair Atholl),* when they [The Gumming eadar fhirionn agus bhoirionn, a bha ’nan and his friends] massacred the entire house- suain-ehadal, gun fhiamh, gun amharus. hold, both male and female, who were all sound asleep at the time, fearing nothing, and suspecting nothing. Le so a dheanamh, gbabh e seilbh air a By doing this, he was enabled to take chuid fearainn, a bha na bu mh6 na bba aig possession of the other’s land, which was a aon duin’ uasal eile bha ’san diithaich. larger estate than was held by any other gentleman in the country. Bha, dliith do mhixr Mhic-an-Tbisich, Now, close to the stronghold of The seann duine a chbmhnuidh, aig an robh Macintosh dwelt an old man, who held a greim beag fearainn uaith, air nach robh de little piece of land from him, for which the mhkl ach boineid ur uair ’sa bhliadhna; agus only rent payable was a new bonnet once a thug a mhaighstir an t-seana bhoineid dha year; and his master used to give the old an km na te iiir ’fhaotainn; agus air a shon man the old bonnet when receiving the new sin,§ theirear “Croit-na-Boineid” ris an one; and, on that account, that piece of land fhearann sin gus an latha’n diugh. is called “The Bonnet Croft’’ unto this very day. Bha ioghnadh air an t-seann duine, cho The old man was surprised at the stillness samhach ’sa bha talla miiimeach a that prevailed in the beloved hall of his mhaighstir, anns a’ mhaduinn an deidh a’ master, the morning after that woeful chasgraidh mhuladaich sin, agus chaidh e a massacre, so he went to find out the cause. dh’fhaicinn an aobhair. Cha luaithe chaidh e a stigh, na chunnaic No sooner had he entered, than he saw e cuid de na cuirp bheubanaichte, gun deb, some of the mangled corpses, lying lifeless air an iirlar. on the floor. Le m6r ioghnadh agus uamhunn leis na Greatly surprised and horrified at what he chunnaic e, Ikimhsich e gach aon fa leth saw, he passed his hands over each of them dhiubh, a dh’fheuchainn an robh iarmad separately, to ascertain if there were any beatha ann an aon sam bith dhiubh, ach bu remnant of life in any of them, but his labour diomhain a shaothair. was in vain. Air a llonadh le mulad, thog e suas a’ Filled with grief and dismay, he lifted up chreathall, a bha bun-os-ceann air an urlar, the cradle, which was lying upside-down on agus fhuair e an leanabh beag foidhpe, ris an the floor, and found a little child under it, abradh iad “am brldeach Ebghann,” agus who was called “the dwarf Ewan,’’ and he le m6r shblas, thuig e gu’n robh e be6, ach realized, with great joy, that the child was § Air a shon sin; in the older language “ar significations which are diametrically opposed, viz., sionsapaidh are dhe.” remarkable, Both the forancient each andof modernthem has expres- two “inconsequence of that,” and “in spite of that.” 102 AN DEO-GREINE. ro lag le cudthrom na creathlach agus an alive, though very much weakened with the aodaich. weight of the cradle and the clothes. G-hrad rug e air, agus ghiiilain e e chum a He instantly picked him up, and carried sheanar a thaobh a mhathar, Mac Glaisein him off to MacGlashan of lonar-bhac, the lonar-bhac, a chuir gu grad air falbh leis e, child’s grandfather on his mother’s side, gu dluth-charaid de shliochd Dhiarmaid ann who speedily sent the old man off with the an Earra-ghaidheal, cbum nach bitheadh e child to a close friend of the race of Diarmaid mar fhad laimhe do ’n Chuimeanach; far an in Argyll, in order that the child should not d’fhuair e a dbeagb arach. be within arm’s length of The Gumming; and there the child received a good up- bringing. Bha e ’na ghnathachadh aig an t-seann It was a practice of the old man’s who had duine thug an sin e, dol gu trie dh’a fhaicinn; taken him there, to go and see him frequent- ach o chionn gu’n robh na Cuimeinich cho ly ; but because The Gumming had great cumhachdach anns an am sin an Albainn, power in Scotland at that time, it was mheasadh feumail a chumail an cleitb gu’n deemed necessary to keep the fact of the robh an leanabh bed, gus am fasadh e suas, child’s being alive, secret, until he should agus gu’m bitheadh e airson a athar a grow up, and be fit to avenge his father. dhloladh. Ged a bha e car uine lag, gun mh6r Though for some time he continued to be chinneas, thainig e air aghaidh, agus dh’fh&s weakly, and did not grow much, he [at last] e gu laidir, eireachdail, agus bha e ro theoma began to make progress, and grew both leis a’ bhogha, ni a thug m6r mhisneach d’a strong and handsome; he was, besides, very sheana charaid, an dixil gu’n tugadh e expert with the bow, a thing which aicheamhail a mach airson na seann heartened his old friend very much, who fhalachd. hoped that he would take revenge for the old blood-feud. Air km araidh, chaidh an seann duine g’a On one occasion, when the old man went fhaicinn, agus chunnaic e cho math ’sa bha to see him, he noticed how good he was at e air a’ chusbaireachd; thuirt e ris gu’n robh archery; so he said to him that the breast of broilleach an fhir a mharbh a athair na bu the man who had killed his father was leithne na an comharradh ud—ni a chuir mor broader than yonder mark—a thing which ioghnadh air an fhleasgach, nach cuala profoundly astonished the young man, who riamh, roimhe, iomradh air. had never heard any mention of such a thing before. Ghrad leig an seann duine ris, an diurras, The old man at once disclosed to him, in leis gach duthrachd a bha ’na chomas, mu strict confidence, and with all the earnest- thimchioll a chkirdean agus a oighreachd. ness in his power, all about his friends and his estate. Dh’eisd an t-bg-fhlath le ro-aire ris an The young hero listened with the utmost sgeul, agus air dha bhi air a bhualadh gu attention to the story, and, being bitterly goirt ri aithris a chraidh, bhruchd e a mach, galled at the recitation of a tale that for him le ard bhas-bhualadh, agus a’ bras shileadh was one of such anguish, he burst forth nan deur; agus thaosg e a mach a inntinn passionately, vehemently beating his palms agus a run an uchd an t-seann duine. and shedding impetuous tears; and poured forth all his soul and desires into the old man’s bosom. Air dha a nis a bhi Ikn-fhiosrach air na Being now fully acquainted with all that thachair, bha fadal air gu dol a bhuannachd had happened, he had a longing to go and oighreachd a athar ’us a sheanar, agus a recover the inheritance or estates of his dheanamh dloghaltais air nkimhdean an- father and grandfather, and to execute iochdmhor a thighe. vengeance upon the merciless enemies of his house. Chan urrainnear a chur an c£ill an shlas a It is not possible to describe the delight thug e do’n t-seann duine, meud na that it gave the old man [to see] how great h-iomaguin a bha air an fhleasgach, gu bhi was the anxiety that possessed the youth to ’triall gu a dhuthaich f&n. march off to his own country. Dh’asluich iad le ’ch&le air a chairdibh, Together they urged his friends and iad a chur ceathaime le6, a bheireadh relations to send a band of champions with AN DEO-GREINE. 103 aghaidh air a naimhdibh; agus dheonaich iad them who should advance against his an iarrtus, le ceithir fir fhicliead a chur air enemies; and they acceded to their request falbh maille riutba, fo’n lan armaibb, agus by sending with them four and twenty heroes rainig iad tigh Mhic Glaisein, a sheanair, fully armed; and they all went to the house a chaidh le6, agus ocbdnar thagbta fo’n lan of MacGlashan, his grandfather, who also krmaibh maille ris. set out with them, and with him some eight chosen champions fully armed. Uaith sin, riiinig iad Coille Urard-Bhig, far After that, they came to the Forest of an d’fhuirich iad gu s&mh, samhacb, gus Little Urrard [?], where they waited quietly an do cbuir iad fios a dh’ionnsuidh ban- until they could send word to Ewan’s nurse. altrum Ebghainn. Chaidh e fein gu a h-ionnsuidh, agus rinn He himself went to see her, and, calling e cagar aig an dorus; dh’fhebraich i c6 a at her door, whispered low; and she asked bh’ann, aig uair cho anmoch. who was there at so late an hour. Ehreagair e gu’n robh a dalta, Eoghann He answered that it was her foster-son, Mac-an Tbisicb. Ewan Macintosh. “Tha an guth coltach ri a ghuth,”.a deb: “The voice is like his voice,’’ said she, i, “ach ma sheideas tu t’anail a stigh troimh “but do thou breathe through the hole of tholl na glaise, tuigidh mi an sin gu cinnt- the lock, and then I shall know for certain each, ma’s tu a th’ann.” if it be thou.’’ Rinn e sin, agus thuig i gu grad gur e fein He did so, and she instantly realized that a bh’ann; agus bha i ro ait, a chionn i ’ga it was indeed he; and very happy she was fhaicinn. at seeing him. Chaidh a mhuime a chur a dh’fhaighinn His nurse [lit. foster-mother] was then sgebil mu’n Cbuimeanach; agus phill i leis sent to get information of The Gumming’s an teachdaireachd gu’n deach e le a chuid doings; and she returned with the news that daoinibh gu drochaid Teilt, mu thimchioll he had gone with his men to the Bridge of mile air asdar, a thoirt kbhachd dha fein agus Tilt, about a mile distant, in order that he d’a chuid daoine. and they might have some diversion. Le so a chluinntinn, roinn Mac-an-T6isich At hearing this, Macintosh divided his a chuid daoine ’nan dk bhuidhinn, agus bha men into two bands; MacGlashan was at Mac Glaisein air ceann an* dara buidhinn, the head of one band [whose business it was] a chumail freiceadain air Caisteal Bhlkir, to keep watch at Castle Blair, and at the agus bha Eoghann air ceann na buidhinn eile head of the other was Ewan along with the maille ris an t-seann duine, nach do dheal- old man, who never parted from him, and it aich idir ris, agus cbaidh iad air toir a’ was they who went in pursuit of The Chuimeinich. Gumming. Cho luath ’sa thuig an Cuimeanach gu’m As soon as The Gumming understood that bu naimhdean a bha ’ga iarraidh, theich e it was enemies who were seeking him, he a dh’ionnsuidh a’ Chaisteil, far an do fled towards the castle. There the other choinnich a’ bhuidheann eile e, a mharbh band met him, and killed many of his men mbran de a dhaoine mu’n do thkr iad &s, agus before they could escape, following the chase lean iad an ruaig a mach Gleann Teilt, a’ by way of Glen Tilt, and killing and wound- marbhadh agus a’ lebnadh mbran diubh. ing many of them. Chaidh an t-srbn a chuir de dh’fhear, aig The nose of one man was cut off at a bum, allt, ris an abrar, o’n latha sin, “Allt-na- which, from that day onwards, was called Srbine”; lotadh fear eile ’sa bhroinn aig “The Burn of the Nose”; another man was “Allt-nam-Marag. ” wounded in the stomach at “The Burn of the Puddings. ” Am feadh a bha iad, mar so, air an While they were thus being chased up the ruagadh a suas an gleann le Mac Glaisein, glen by MacGlashan, Ewan’s people ghabh muinntir Ebghainn falach-talandadh§ stalked § them, and, rounding a hill, came orra, agus thachair iad riutha, aghaidh-mu- upon them suddenly. chnoc. times* The becomes Fem. angen. in sing,the presence of the ofarticle, a numeral. na, some- Cf. theirevery movements.natural feature Cf. infalach-cuain,, the landscape ocean-hiding— to conceal Amadan§ Falach-talandadh, an da fhichead lit. bliadhna, earth-hiding—i.e., Nicolson, 25. using i.e., (1) marooning, (2) outdistancing, as when one 104 AN DEO-GREINE. Tha e air a r&cLh gur e an seann duine a It is said that the old man, who had been bha do ghn&th air thoiseach, agus ann am to the fore all the time, then shouted in com- briathraibh smachdail, ghlaodh e : manding tones: “Siod agad do namhaid, an Cuimeanach, “There is thine enemy, The Gumming. agus ma leigeas tu &s e, toillidh. tu bas If thou let him escape, thou deservest the cladhaire ’fhaotainn.” death of a coward.” Chuir Ebghann gu grad a bhogha air lagh, Ewan instantly bent his bow, and put an agus chuir e an t-saighead troimh chridhe a’ arrow through The Gumming’s heart. Chuimeinich. Thuit e air lie leathainn ri taobh na slighe, He fell upon a broad flag by the roadside,, far an do thog iad, mar bu ghnath, earn where, as the custom was, they raised a chlach mar chuimhneachan air an euchd, ris cairn of stones as a memorial of the deed, a an abrar “Carn a’ Ghuimeinich” gus an cairn which is called “The Cumming’s latha an diugh. Cairn” to this day. Their na Gkidheil ris na cuim sin, “Cuirn- The Gael call those cairns “The cairns of na-falachd.”—An Teachdaire Ur. the blood-feud.”—The New Messenger. ■—From An Gaidheal, III., 182. Aghaidh-mu-chnoc,boat so far out-sails sudden another appearance as to lose sightfrom olbehind her. furthervanished extension or bolted of behind this latter a hill idiom or obstruction. is to be seen A acar-mu-chnoc, hill or other in thugobstruction, e car-mu-chnoc is the as, oppositehe suddenly to in Translationthug e car-mu-thom and notes asam, by J. he G. cheated McKay, me. London.

DH’FHALBH MO LEANNAN FEIN. 1921 Mod Competition, No. 66. Singing of a song by the late Henry Whyte, “Fionn. Male voices. Key A. Slowly, with expression. { | d ., d. : 1, . I, : s, | m ., f : s ., f : m.r | m ., f : s 1, Seisd:—Dh’fhalbh mo leannan fein, Dh’falbh mo cheile lurach Misneach mhath ’na dheidh: 1, } { | s, ., 1, : d ., d : r.m | r ., d : 1, . 1, : s, |l Dhomh-sa b’eiginn fuireach; Dh’fhalbh mo leannan fein ’Nuair a thog thu siiiil Thainig sgeul gu tir Bha mo shuil a sileadh; Le6n mo chridh’ mar shaighead, Dhuit-sa ghuidh gach beul, Gu’n robh thusa, ’luaidh, “Slkn gu’n dean thu tilleadh.” ’N grunnd a’ chuain ad laidhe— Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fein! Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fein! Ghoid thu leat mo shlaint’, ’S cianail learn an sgeul; ’S rinn thu m’fhkgail dubhach; Ciod am feum bhi fuireach ? ’S gus an till thu, ghrkidh, Bidh mi leat gun dkil, ’Chaoidh cha’n fhas mi subhach— ’S gheibh mi failte ’s furan— Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fein! Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fein! Tha mi ghnath ’gad chaoidh, Correction. ’S mi ’ga m’ chlaoidh le fadal; In the Mod song “An Gaidheal air Leaba- Bho ’n a’ sheol thu, ’ruin, bkis” which appeared in our February issue, Tha mo shuil gun chadal— the note “ s,” fourth note from the end of Dh’ fhalbh mo leannan fein! the second line, should be “ f. ” AN DEO-GREINE. 105 SOME GAELIC PARTING SONGS. Airson an t-sugraidh s rud no dha, Cha dheoch leinn Ikn a’mhiarain. When Burns communicated “Auld Lang ‘‘Mar choinnich sinn gu’n dhealaich sinn, Syne” to Mr. Thomson, in course of their An comunn glan gun mhiothlachd; notable correspondence, the poet made it ’S gu’n 61 sinn slainte ’n cuach no dha clear that ‘‘the song was the old song of the Do ’n chomunn ghrkidh bu mhiann leinn. olden times.” Thus, it may, I think, be taken that the sentiments common and ‘‘Airson an tim a bh’ann o shean, natural to friends at a parting had become Airson an tim o chiantan; focussed into a national song, the words and Gu’n 61 sinn cuach de Mhac-na-braich’, tune of which had been, more or less, known Do’n chomunn ghasda ’thriall bhuainn.” for some time at least. At the same time it is not to be doubted that Bums would And to the same air was sung the following have touched up any weaknesses he may stanza, which need not necessarily be con- have found in the composition; and ever sidered altogether foreign to the foregoing since, particularly this song, as one of the verses: — best in the world of its kind, has been doing “ ’S ioma gloine rinn mi 61, duty in the way of welding Scottish hearts Is st6p a rinn mi lionadh; together all over the habitable globe. Agus tasdan chuir air bord It goes without saying that those same ' Bu ch6ir a bhi ’cur riadh dheth. ” sentiments have been common to Gaels ever Airson a’ ghaoil, etc. since friendship first ‘‘its pure and lasting joys” shed over their lives. Numerous, indeed, are the references in Gaelic poetry We are not without some praiseworthy to friendship’s sweetening touch, whether efforts and fairly good results in the direc- experienced at meeting, in course of mutual tion of providing Gaels with a comprehen- companionship, or at parting. But, gener- sive, popular, well-set-up parting song in ally, these references occur here and there their own native tongue. The following as stanzas in larger compositions, and a com- was composed some years ago by the late pleted creation in Gaielic on the lines of Mr. Donald MacKechnie, Edinburgh, known ‘‘Auld Lang Syne” seems difficult to fall in in his time by the pseudonym ‘‘Am Bard with, while such a song has for long been Luideagach ”: — wanted. And I am strongly disposed to the belief that the very article required must ‘‘Eirich agus tiugainn O, have been available in the olden time, and I Eirich agus tiugainn O, should not be surprised though its strains Eirich agus tiugainn O, might be reflected in ‘‘Auld Lang Syne.” I ’S e crioch gach comunn dealachadh. have frequently heard fugitive verses, so close to the tune and sentiment of that effu- ‘‘An cuimhne leatsa ’n gleannan uain’ sion that a relationship would seem not only ’San robh sinn aotrom 6g is luath; suggested but substantially established. The A’ buain nan sobhrach feadh nam bruach, refrains, ‘‘Airson an tim a bh’ann o chian,” ’S gun luaidh againn air dealachadh. ‘‘Airson an tim a bh’ann o shean, ” come down to us in voices from other years, far ‘‘Is far an robh sinn ait le cheil’ away into the bosom of the ages, when the A’ ruith a’ bhradain leis an leus; Gael had, even then, learned to look back ’Sa sealg a’ choilich air a’ gheug. with the joy of grief upon his golden past, Mu’n d’thug sinn ceum an.allabain? and there is some evidence that, time and ‘‘Ach’s cian o’n sgaoil sinn deas is tuath; again, one or other of these refrains gathered Chaidh cuid thar bheann is cuid thar around it suitable and expressive words in chuan; the effort to give a great human sentiment Cha chluinn mi’n diugh an coileaoh ruadh, birth and embodiment in completed form. Ged bheirinn fluais nach canainn air. Stray verses such as follow occur to me ‘‘Ach far do Ikmh mo charaid ciuin, now: — Is cur an smalan so air chul; ‘‘Airson a’ ghaoil a bh’ann bho shean, Oir chi sinn fhathast tlr nan stiic Airson a’ ghaoil bho chiantan; Is bidh sinn sunndach aighearach. ” 106 AN DEO-GREINE. I have not been able to trace the author Gaelic of ‘‘Auld Lang Syne” itself. There of the following, which appeared in the pages is a very good one from the pen of the late of a Northern Journal some years ago. The ‘‘Fionn,” which runs: — words seem to have been composed to the tune of “Auld Lang Syne” : — ‘‘’N c6ir seann luchd-e61ais ’chur air chill, ’S gun suil a thoirt ’nan deidh; ‘‘Na h-uile latha chi ’s nach fhaic, Air dhi-chuimhn’ am hi cuspair graidh, Na h-uile latha chi sinn; No gl6ir nan laith’n a thr&g? Deoch slaint’ mo charaid ni mi 61, Na h-uile latha chi sinn. Seisd— ‘‘Air sgath nan laith’n adh’aom a ghraidh, Seisd— Air sgath nan laith’n a dh’aom; ”0 na balaich bha sinn ann, Le baigh gu’n 61 sinn cuach fo strkc, Gun bhoineidean gun bhrhgan; Air sgath nan laith’n a dh’aom. Bu shona ’n saoghal a bhiodh ann Na’m maireadh sin an chmhnuidh. ‘‘Le cheile ruith sinn feadh nam bruach, ” ’S ioma ceum a shiubhail sinn Is bhuain sinn blkth nan raon; Bho’n bha sinn 6g le cheile; Air allaban thriall sinn ceum no dha, Bho’n bha sinn ’g iomain air an traigh, O 6m nan laith’n a dh’aom. Gun de thrusgan oimn ach feileadh. “Le cheil’ o mhaduinn mhoich gu oidhch’ O na balaich, etc. ’S na h-uillt ri plubairt fhaoin; ‘‘Cha robh br6g no boineid oirnn, Ach sgaradh sinn le tonnan 6rd, ’S aim againn nach robh feum orr’; O km nan laith’n a dh’aom.” Cha robh ionndrain air a ch6rr, I have come across another translation, Ach conlunn each a cheile. the author of which I have not been able to O na balaich, etc. identify. It has not appeared in print, so far as I know, except in the form of a loose ‘‘Bha sinn shios is bha sinn shuas, leaflet, signed “Gorm.” From the point of An Lunnainn ’san Duneideann; view of literal closeness this translation is a Ach b’annsa leam bhi’n tlr nam beann, very good one, but I think the rhythm is ’Sa siubhal ghleann le cheile. somewhat faulty. I am tempted to repro- O na balaich, etc. duce the words, however, • touched up here “’S iomadh maduinn Shamhraidh chiuin, and there by way of getting them to run A dhuisg sinn le na smehraich, more smoothly, for which liberty I sincerely 'Nuair bhiodh na s6bhragan cho cubhr’ trust “Gorm” will excuse me should this Is aiteal driuehd air nehinean. come under his notice. O na balaich, etc. “An ceart sean chkirdeas chur a beachd, ‘‘’Siomadh latha she61 sinn long ’S a chur a’r cuimhn’ gu sior? Air Loch-na-cul-a-Fraochaidh; An ceart sean chkirdeas chur a beachd ’Nuair bhiodh i siudadh bhkrr nan tonn, ’S an tim a bh’ann o chian? ’Dol seachad Sgeir-na-Faolaidh. 0 na balaich, etc. “Do’n tlm a bh’ann o chian a ghaoil, “’S ged tha mo chiabhag hath, Do’n tlm a bh’ann o chian; Is lorg nam bliadhn’ air m’aodann; An copan ckirdeil so a rls, Tha’n cridhe ’n diugh mar bha e riamh, Do’n tlm a bh’ann o chian. Ach luchd mo mhiann bhi’n taobh rium. “Le cheile ruith sinn feadh nam bruaeh, O na balaich, etc.” Is ne6inean bheaga spion; These are two interesting compositions, Ach ’s iomadh fann-cheum dhuinn air each in its way, but neither of them comes chuairt, within an approach to what is required to Bho’n tlm a bh’ann o chian. serve the purpose of a full-blooded national “Le cheile luidrich anns an allt, parting song. Bho mhoch gu eirigh grian; It is, of course, well known that there Ach dh’eadaradh sinn le cuantan garg, have been some successful translations into Bho’n tlm a bh’ann o chian. AN DEO-GREINE. 107 “Gu cinnteach bithidh tu-sa st6p various county and clans associations enlist- ’S bithidh mise st6p gu fior; ing their support and appealing for financial Is copan eile ghrkidh gu’n 61 aid,, and these had been favourably received. Do’n tlm a bh’ann o chian. New competitions were announced by the Convener of the Mod and Music Committee, “So dhuit mo lamh a charaid gaoil, and it was mentioned that Mrs. Stewart, ’S do lamh-sa dhomhs’ na diol; Simla, India, had given a donation of £20, ’S gu’n 61 sinn cuach fo bharrachd straie, £10 of which was for prizes to teachers whose Do’n tlm a bh’ann bho chian. pupils won the highest aggregate of marks in the literary competitions, and £10 to be But translations, however good, must divided into several prizes for an essay on ever fall short of what is required. Nothing ancient Celtic culture. A prize of £5 was will serve other than a genuine native intimated from Colonel MacRae Gilstrap of parting song expressing the true feelings of Eilan Donan for the best rendering of the the Gael when face to face with one of those song entitled “The Four Johns of Scotland, ’ pregnant experiences which always appeal to of Sheriffmuir fame, who were killed in that him. I have no hesitation in saying that battle, their names being John MacRa of the Gaelic tongue is peculiarly suitable for Conchra, John Murchison of Auchtertyre, all that is necessary, and more, as a medium John Mackenzie of the Applecross family, of expression. and John Mackenzie of Hilton, all officers of Seaforth’s regiment. The President intim- Would it not be a good idea for An ated that he was arranging for a propaganda Comunn to announce a prize for the best tour in Mid-Argyll and Knapdale, parting song submitted in Gaelic as one of commencing about beginning of May. It their competition subjects? was agreed to hold the next meeting of Gleannach. Council at Inverness on Friday, 20th May. 0 THE POSITION OF GAELIC. EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. Much of interest was said at the Jubilee Dinner of the Gaelic Society of Inverness on A meeting of Executive Council was con- Wednesday evening, but the members did vened to meet in the Kimberley Hotel, not seem to be aware that the ancient Oban, on Saturday, 19th March, at noon. language has just gained a notable victory The following members attended:—Rev. G. at Edinburgh University, where it has been W. Mackay, Killin; Rev. M. N. Munro, elevated to the dignity of an Honours Taynuilt; Rev. William MacPhail, Kilbran- subject. That is to say, it will henceforth don; Miss Juliet Macdonald, Lochaber; Mrs. be possible for a student to graduate with Christison, Glasgow; Mrs. Colquhoun, Glas- honours in Gaelic just as with honours in gow; Messrs. Alex. Fraser, Dalmuir; John English or any other Honours subject. We MacDonald, Oban, and T. D. MacDonald, understand that for the Honours degree the Oban. The Rev. G. W. Mackay, Killin, candidate will have to take a full Honours presided, but owing to the inclemency of the course in Gaelic Language and Literature, weather there was not a quorum present, but that a full Honours course in the sub- and consideration of the most important sidiary language, which may be either business was deferred. Several matters of Greek, Latin, French, or German, will not interest were, however, informally discussed, be necessary. This means that in practice and Mr. Neil Shaw, Secretary, asked to candidates must take Gaelic for four years, explain to the members present what was and the other language for three—concur- being done in Glasgow in connection with rently, of course. This is a great step the forthcoming Mod, reported that a local forward, and one on which Edinburgh committee had been formed, with various University deserves to be congratulated. It sub-committees, and St. Andrew’s Halls had is good to have such welcome and significant been booked for the three days of the Mod evidence that the language, the literature, proceedings, 28th, 29th, and 80th Septem- and the history of the Celt are at last coming ber. Deputations had been sent out to into their own. 108 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY'S PAGE. April to celebrate the semi-jubilee of the institution of the Ceilidh. It will, of course, Tha na feasgair a nis air sineadh agus is be an all-Gaelic function, and as the Ceilidh maith le muinntir a’ bhaile-mh6r togail orra contains among its members the pick of our an deidh, an obair-latha gu cluaintean local Gaelic speakers, there is every prospect fasgach, faisg air laimh, a dh-iirachadh an of a rare feast of Gaelic oratory being cail. Tha na ceilidhean agus na coinn- enjoyed. Some of the founders of the eamhan caidreach eile air tighinn gu crich Ceilidh are still in active membership, and airson bliadhna eile. Air an duthaich tha these will be honoured guests on the occa- Meuran a’ Chomuinn a co-dhunadh seisinn sion. Ma theid againn idir air kite a soirbheachail. Tha an aire-san air leasach- dheanamh dha, feuchaidh sinn ri cunntas adh is treabhadh. Tha km an t-sil-chur am aithghearr air a’ Chuirm-Chuimhne seo a fagus, agus mur a bi cur cha bhi buain thoirt seachad anns an ath kireamh de’n “Ole no math ’gan tig an t-sld, cur do shlol Deo Greine. anns a’ Mhkirt.’’ * * * * * * At a targe gathering of natives of Suther- Representatives of the Mod Local Com- land, held recently, the chairman, the Rev. mittee have been visiting the Highland Dr. Adam Gunn, made special reference to Associations of Glasgow in the interests of the awakening of interest in Gaelic in the the forthcoming Mod. Their testimony whole county as a result of the visit of the invariably is that they have been received President and Secretary of An Comunn. We with great cordiality and friendliness. thank the Reverend Doctor for making this Visitors find warm appreciation expressed of gratifying announcement in the St. the invaluable work being done by An Andrew’s Halls, and we noted with pleasure Comunn, and an ungrudging recognition of that it was received with hearty cheers by its right to lead in matters pertaining to the the large audience. Reports from Branches language. This deputation work will not confirm Dr. Gunn’s pronouncement, and the only produce satisfactory results from a first session closes with an all-round record financial point of view, but will serve to of something achieved for the cause. extend and deepen interest in the work of * * * An Comunn generally. The annual concert of the St. Columba * * ■* Gaelic Choir—the mother choir—on the The first concert promoted by the newly- evening of 22nd March, was a pronounced formed Tir nam Beann Society was held in success. Mr. Angus Robertson presided Edinburgh on 18th February. The Presi- over an enthusiastic audience, which packed dent of An Comunn was in the chair, and the hall. Choir and soloists acquitted them- the gathering was in every respect highly selves admirably, and almost every item successful. Miss Phemie Marquis, Miss was encored. Mr. Archd. Ferguson, who Jenny M. B. Currie, and Mr. Murdo has done so much to popularise Gaelic song, MacLeod were the Gaelic artistes, and each still wields the conductor’s baton with all in turn received a hearty and cordial recep- his wonted skill. May he long continue to tion from an appreciative audience. occupy the post he has adorned for more * * * than a generation. We offer hearty congratulations to our * * * accomphshed and much-esteemed Ex- Mr. John MacLachlan, J.P., Chief of the President, Dr. William MacKay, on having Paisley Highlanders’ Association, died with been spared to take part in the jubilee tragic suddenness while presiding at their celebrations of the Gaelic Society of Inver- re-union in Paisley on 25th February. ness, which he so loyally helped to establish About the fourth item on the programme he fifty years ago. Dr. MacKay has been a was noticed to faint, and was carried into a tower of strength to the Society throughout side-room. Shortly afterwards the Rev. Dr. long and honourable history, whilst his MacLean made the painful announcement influential advocacy has always been at the that the Chief was dead, and the large service of every worthy movement in the audience adjourned in mournful silence. interest of the native language. Saoghal The passing of Mr. M'Lachlan is a fada sona do’n uasal choir. great loss to the Association, in the benefi- cent work of which he manifested the Members of Ceilidh nan Gaidheal are to deepest interest. dine together on the evening of the 15th Null. AN DEO-GRfilNE. 109 BRANCH REPORTS. Mackay,the programme. a vote ofOn thanks the motion was awarded of the Rev.to the G. per-W. formers,man, on theand motiona similar of thevote Rev. of thanks Mr. MacPhail. to the Chair- anotherArbroath successful Gaelic winter Society.—To session of mark work the and close study, of Tongue.—A meeting of the Tongue Branch of An thein a memberssocial capacity and a infew Central friends Dining of this Rooms, Society under met onComunn the 10th Gaidheaiach of March—Rev. was held John in Macdonald,the Public SchoolPresi- President.the chairmanship A lengthy of Mr. message William of Malcolm,encouragement Vice- dent, in the chair. There was a large attendance. was read from their late President, after which the Rev.address H. inG. MacLellan,Gaelic on Borgie,the decline gave ofan theinteresting Gaelic sessionChairman which spoke had of thejust goodclosed, work and done the during progress the language in his native county. One of the causes which had been made in spite of several losses in saidfor thehe declineknew teachershe attributed who actuallyto the teachers.punished theHe formembership. ten years. TheIt wasComunn a matter had ofnow regret been that in voguethere children under their care for speaking Gaelic. The were so many people sympathetic towards the parentschildren wereto speak also theto blamelanguage for innot the teaching homes. theirThe languagesympathetic whose stage; interest these they never would got welcome beyond to the Chairman said they had no such excuses in Tongue, inner circle of the Comunn. Gaelic,as they whohad wasa teacher also a goodwho Gaelichad a scholar,great interest and able in BranchOban.—The was held annual in the Donnachadh Columba Hotel Ban nighton the of even- this tospeech, teach and Gaelic. urged themMr. toMacLeod stand togethergave a rousingand do Executiveing of the 18thmeeting March. of AnThe Comunn, event coincided to be withheld anin whatagreed they that couldthe next for theirmeeting mother would tongue. be held Iton wasthe thereOban onwere the presentfollowing :—The day, Rev.with G.the W.result Mackay, that 7thbetween of April, two whenmembers a debate of Committee. in Gaelic would be held President of An Comunn; the Rev. M. N. Munro, Ullapool.—On Monday, the 14th February, a Fraser,Taynuilt; Glasgow; Mr. Neil and Shaw,Mrs. J.Secretary; R. Colquhoun. Mr. Alex.The largely-attended meeting of An Comunn was held in gathering was presided over by Dr. Campbell, Manse,the School, gave aUllapool. very able Rev.address M. onMacleod, the “Celt U.F. in Presidentservice of tea,of purveyedthe Oban by Mr.Branch. and Mrs. AfterGillespie a Religion.” Selecting St. Columba as a typical of the Hotel, the Chairman suitably introduced the whichCelt, the irresistibly lecturer dealt arrested with histhe subject attention in a mannerof his Rev.stirring Wm. ovation MacPhail, on the Kilbrandon,patron bard ofwho Argyll. delivered While a audience, and afforded convincing proof of his own adequately demonstrating the bard’s outstanding greatwarm sympathywork of thatwith, eminently and keen appreciationfamous missionary. of, the wordinessmerits, he ofalso many observed of his uponproductions, his faults, a too the copious oyer- Having briefly referred to the Saint’s lineage and use of adjectives, and the too frequent occurrence of impelledearly life, him together to devote with histhe energiescauses and to eventsthe propaga- which thecharacteristics same ideas tooin commondifferent throughoutphrases. Thesethe remark- were tion of the gospel, Mr. Macleod proceeded to give able spate. of Gaelic poetry produced during the asions graphic and andsuperstitious interesting beliefsdescription which of theheld delu- in presenteighteenth writer, century, they and,are almostin the absentopinion from of the thraldom the minds of our ancestors, the influence earlier literary productions of the Gael. They came presentof which isday. more Theor less lecturer’s vividly feltreferences even to theto likeperiod, a wordy and theyflood arewith interesting the poetic andawakening instructive of that on Adamnan’s “Vita Columbae” were deeply inter- account of the evidence they give of the wealth of thoroughlyesting. That aroused the interestwas plainly of theevident audience from wasthe MacPhailthe Gaelic declaredvocabulary “ Mairiin use Bhan in those Og” days.to be Mr.the subsequent discussion in which several prominent sweetest and the best love-song in Gaelic, or in any wasgentlemen accorded joined. to Mr.A Macleod very cordial for hisvote veryof thanks able Highother School,language. in movingMr. A. a MacLeod,vote of thanksRector, to Oban Mr. address. MacPhail, agreed with the existence of the defects wereRogart.—Classes started in Rogart in onGaelic 27th readingOctober, and 1920. singing The narrateddefects when by Mr.the piecesMacPhail, referred and topointed had to out be theirused Gaelic class was conducted by the Rev. Allan in school exercises, and when translations to Mackenzie,class by Mr. TheHugh Manse, Mackay Rogart, (Mod medallist),and the singingfor the excellentEnglish were programme being imposed of song upon and the story students. followed, An first part of the session, and for the remainder of the features of which were the dialogue by Miss E. Manse,the time President by the ofRev. the Alexanderlocal Branch. Macleod, The classes U.F. MalcolmCameron MacArthur’sand Mr. Peter“Naigheachdan Fletcher, Fireannach.”and Sergt. met weekly in Rogart Public School, and were well The latter were all well known locally, and all the classesattended, were an muchaverage enjoyed of 20 bybeing the present.members, Bothwho oldercharacters inhabitants in them ofwere Oban, worthies notwithstanding well known to thatthe felt that their interest in Gaelic had been greatly they were in a sense disguised by fictitious names. teachers,stimulated, who and had that made their thegratitude classes wasboth due pleasant to the Thiswhich local they colouringwere received gave byzest the to audience, the relish and with the and instructive. Next winter it is expected that dramatic power with which the worthy sergeant membership.both classes will be resumed, with possibly a larger told them enhanced the delight with which they Rothesay.—The last regular meeting of this Phemiewere received.- Marquis, TheSarah other Bell, artistes Jeanie were MacIntyre, Misses Branch was held in the Tower Street Hall on Friday Eilidh Cameron, Messrs. John MacDonald, Neil absenceevening. ofThere Capt. was Kennedy a fair attendance,through a severeand, incold, the T.Shaw, D. MacDonald,Donald MacMillan, the Secretary, and A. J.was MacColl. in change Mr. of Mr. M. Mackenzie presided. The speaker for the 110 AN DEO-GREINE. Presidentevening, ofMr. An Malcolm Comunn Gaidhealach,Macleod, Glasgow, made a fewex- of Mallaig.—UnderAn Comunn Gaidhealach, the auspices a veryof the enjoyable local Branch and openingthe pleasure remarks it gave in Gaelic,him to bein whichonce more he expressedwith the recently.successful Thoughceilidh wasthe weatherheld in wasthe somewhatPublic School wet Rothesaygive a most Branch interesting of the addressComunn, in andEnglish proceeded on “The to Mr.and Macleandisagreeable, President there ofwas the a Branch,crowded occupied attendance. the ofGaelic their Outlook.” ancient language The omens were, for he thesaid, preservation at present achair, cordial and welcomein a few tointroductory all. The remarksprogramme extended was hisdistinctly memory favourable, back for andmore he than was olda generation. enough to castHe Michie,opened withwhose bagpipe clever andselections skilful playingfrom Mr.is always John recalledBlackie inthe establishing great efforts the ofCeltic the Chairlate Professorin Edin- variedappreciated. and amusingMr. Donald “sgeulachds” Gillies’s deliveryat all oftimes his ofburgh the University,Gaelic movement and also under referred the toauspices the progress of An createsSongs werea great rendered deal byof merrimentthe following and ladies laughter. and whichComunn provision Gaidhealach was made and forthe the recent teaching Act of Gaelicunder Lome,gentlemen:—Miss Miss Mary AnnTina Maclellan,Mackinnon, Mrs. Miss A. Camp-Edna hadin Highland enormously schools. increased, The numberand there of wasGaelic all writersover a Downie,bell, Mrs. Mr. MacColl,Angus MacIntyre,Mr. James Mr. Dawson,Donald Mac-Mr. revivedaddress wasinterest listened in tothe with Gaelic marked language. attention, Theand kellaig.bagpipe selectionsThe programme from Mr.was Michie, concluded and withwas Mr.its delivery.Macleod wasGaelic frequently and English applauded songs werethroughout after- Maclellan,thoroughly inenjoyed a few by well-chosen all the audience. remarks, Mr. spoke Archie of Macleodwards contributed himself pleased by various the audience members, greatly and in Mr.his wishedthe enthusiasm the branch, that whichwas shown might at be the said ceilidh, was stilland ofrendering pipe music of a werecouple also of givenGaelic during songs. the Selections evening, inlennan its infancy,moved a everyvote ofsuccess. thanks toMr. all thoseDonald who Mac- had lecturerand at theand close to those a hearty who votehad contributedof thanks toto the Thiscontributed was heartily towards responded the success to. Theof themeeting evening. was Campbellmusical programme and cordially was endorsedproposed by by the Mr. audience. Archd. Mhathconcluded Leibh.” by singing “Soiridh Leibh is Oidhche A vote of thanks to the Chairman, proposed by Mr. 0 Macleod,The session brought was brought a successful to a close meeting on Friday, to a close. 18th March, by a grand Gaelic and English concert, The Glasgow High School Ceilidh have, followed by a Highland dance, which was highly this year again, given five guineas as a first successful. prize in the acted dialogue competition at Fare.—At the weekly meeting of the Branch a the Mod, and we would direct the attention fortnight ago Miss Muriro, teacher, read a very of intending competitors to the new compe- interesting Gaelic paper. Miss Munro is quite a titions intimated at Oban, and which appear proficient Gaelic scholar, and her paper was very in the report of a meeting held there on muchwards appreciated.gone through, A consisting musical programme of songs, recitations, was after- another page of this number. celebratedand violin violinist,selections. playedMr. someD. H. oldMackay, Highland the <> music. AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. heldDuror.—At recently, thea Committee newly-appointed meeting ministerof the Branch, of the parish, Rev. Dugald C. MacRae, M.A., was elected NEW LIFE MEMBERS. gonePresident to Glenshiel. in room of ARev. ceilidh Mr. MacLennan,is being arranged who has to Charles Guthrie, Esq., Edinburgh. close the session. Dr.Captain W. J.Angus Morison, Robertson, Annfield Gourock. Plain. Lochaber.—The Rev. Father Cyril Dickhoff, Fort NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. Augustus, gave his annual Gaelic lecture to Mrs. Hope Moncrieff Guthrie, Connel. tributionmembers andto the friends syllabus recently. is always Father interesting Cyril’s con-and Miss Leezie H. Paterson, Connel. illuminative, and his knowledge of Gaelic acquired JamesMiss Elizabeth Macfarlane, Campbell, Esq., Glasgow.Connel. whichin the hedistrict conducts is copious. in Fort TheAugustus Gaelic testifies reading to class his T. M. Macfarlane, Esq., Glasgow. enthusiasm and scholarship. Miss FloraAnnie MacMillan,I. MacMillan, Dervaig. Dervaig. Crianlarich.—The President and General Secre- DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD. tary attended a meeting in the Schoolhouse, Crian- Previously acknowledged, ... £17 10 0 Mr.larich, M. onMacIntyre, 10th March, M.A., under headmaster. the chairmanship There was of Glasgow Celtic Society, ... 10 10 0 a gratifying attendance of interested Gaelic- Lord Abercromby, ... 57 05 0 speaking people, and addresses were listened to Mrs.Glasgow Dixon, High London, School Ceilidh, ... 1 0 0 Branch,attentively. and Ita meetingwas unanimously to appoint agreed office-bearers to form isa Lt.-Col. Martin Martin, ... 0 5 0 being convened by Mr. MacIntyre. A programme £41 10 0 playingof Gaelic the songs accompaniments. was gone through, Mrs. MacIntyre AN DEO-GREINE. Ill BROADFORD SINGING CLASSES. NOTES AND COMMENTS. The singing classes which have been held Some time ago the Scottish Smallholder, in Broadford and district under the auspices a paper devoted to the interests of a small- of An Comunn since the New Year, were holders throughout Scotland, published a brought to a close on the 25th ult. There deer forest map of Scotland, showing lands were junior classes held at both Breakish devoted to sport. The total are of Scotland, and Broadford, as well as a senior class, the it says, is 19,200,000 acres. The area now average attendance of the latter being about under deer forests is 3,559,928 acres. Area 30. There was keen interest taken in the now under deer forests, but suitable for work, as was amply testified by the large smallholdings and extensions (Royal Com- number of entries in the Skye Singing Com- mission Report), 1,782,785 acres. petition for Strath, for which valuable prizes cfc i# are given by a generous and patriotic Skye- man, Mr. Duncan Macleod, Dumbreck. The After years of a drab life in the shade, the singing at the competition was of a high crofter has at last succeeded in finding his order, and was an object lesson in the way into the limelight. The question of his improvement that can be brought in the proper housing is receiving generous atten- renoting of Gaelic music through the foster- tion from the Government, and no one has ing care of An Comunn. The adjudicators been more sympathetic than the Secretary were Miss Macrae and Mr. Murchison, Kyle, for Scotland. The advantages of the and they discharged their duties in a manner Government scheme of assistance are being that left nothing to be desired. The test explained throughout the Highlands and song for the juniors was “Am faigh a’ Islands, and a number of applications for Ghaidhlig bas?’’ (Neil Macleod); and for subsidies and loans at very reasonable the seniors, “Nuair bha mi 6g” (Mary interest have been already received by the Macpherson). In addition, each competitor Board of Health. Free grants are allowed had to sing another Skye song of his own for at the rate of £130 for a house of kitchen, choice. Out of 22 competitors, the follow- parlour, and three or four bedrooms. Loans ing were the prize-winners : — by the Board of Agriculture for Scotland, Junior Section.—1, Jemima Matheson ; with interest at 3J per cent., are made to be 2, Louisa Macleod; 3, Chrissie Macleod. repayable in such a way that for every £100 Senior Section.—1 and 2 (equal), Marjory borrowed, the borrower will have to pay an Maclean and Christina Davidson; 3, Eliza- annuity of £4 for 50 years. It is understood beth Macleod. that building operations will start shortly. A very successful concert followed, when i$ I# C& the scene on the platform, where the Junior At the annual dinner of the Gaelic Society Choir of over 40 children were arranged, was of London, held last month, sympathetic, a beautiful and inspiring one. A compre- remarks on the Gaelic language were made. hensive programme was sustained by the The Rev. Dr. Fleming of St. Columba’s prize-winning soloists and other competitors, Church said that within the past 50 or 60 backed up by the Junior and Senior Choirs. years there had been a wholesome recrudes- Mrs. Macleod, Kinloch, presided, and spoke cence of the Celtic spirit. It was no longer in complimentary terms of the excellent run down, but rather there was an singing of the children especially, which was enthusiasm to build up the Gaelic language no doubt due to the careful tuition of their and culture, and to keep alive the old tradi- able conductor, Mr. Hugh Maclean. The tions and awaken the enthusiasms for the old districts is very much indebted to An music and literature. When they knew the Comunn for sending a singing master to Hebrides they knew the soul of the High- conduct classes, and it was admitted by all lander. His soul was the book, and the that Friday’s proceedings eclipse anything island was the dictionary of his language. of the kind ever held in the district. He (the Rev. Dr. Fleming) appreciated the honour of being the first non-Gaelic speaking <> chairman of the Society’s annual dinner as THE LATEST PATTERNS in Hand-woven being a recognition of the work of his congre- Tweeds, Real Harris, St. Kilda, West Highland, gation for Highland soldiers during the war. etc., can be had Free from J. S. MALCOLM & They entertained 48,000 Scottish soldiers BINGHAM,Glasgow. Charing Cross (next Grand Hotel), and 2000 wounded during the war. 112 AN DEO-GREINE. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 12/6 net. . Postage 7d. The Shop for Gaelic Books. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. 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WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, REAL HARRIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES, SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, Mackay’s Palace Hotel CHARING CROSS (nex^otG«lAND) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. Hiihly Recommended. | En Pension Rates on Application. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stall gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Ceud Mios an t-Samkraidh, 1921. [Earrann 8. litreachas na Gkidhlig, ’s ann as soilleire CLAR-INNSIDH . PAGE. a dh’ fhksas a thuigse air cho krd ’sa bha Meuran a’ Chomuinn, 113 meanmna an t-sean Ghkidheil, agus cho The Joy of Gaelic, 114 airidh ’sa tha sin air beachd a ghabhail air. Scottish“Am Biodh Land Oibrichean-Mora Settlement, Chum... Maith... na... 116 LochbroomGaidhealtachd?” Comunn Gaidhealach, 112017 Chaidh roinn de mheuran a’ Chomuinn A’ Chailinn Tha Tamh Mu Loch Eite, 121 am miithadh re km a’ chogaidh, agus math Leaving Certificate Examination, 1921, ... 122 dh’ fhaoidte’ beagan diubh roimh an km Ceilidh nan Gaidheal, 123 sin. Ach thug taisdeal Ceann-Suidhe a’ BranchCeilidh Reports,Semi-Jubilee, 12524 Chomuinn—ministeir Chill Fhinn—atharr- Ex-Provost Macfarlan, Dumbarton, 126 ach mun cuairt. Bha deagh fhear Notes and Comments, 126 cuideachaidh aige ann an cleireach a Reviews, 127 Chomuinn—Mgr. Niall Mac Gille-Sbeathan- aich. Is fhiach saothair an dithis a MEURAN A’ CHOMUINN. mholadh. Is gann gun robh kite anns an do thadhail iad nach d’ fhuair iad cuireadh ckirdeil a thighinn air ais a dh’ aithghearr. Is comharradh tarbhach e an uair a Cha b’ urrainn dithis a bu fhreagarraiche na bheirear fainear an surd a bha r’a fhaicinn am ministeir coir agus Niall. Tha fios am measg meuran a’ Chomuinn air feadh na againn uile cho blasda ’s a chuireas an diithcha re a’ gheamhraidh. Is cinnteach Ceann-Suidhe, fa chomhair a luchd-eisd- gur e b’ aobhar do’n ath-bheothachdh a eachd, ni sam bith a th’ aige r’a rkdh mun thachair, gun d’ fhuair a’ Ghaidhlig a h-aite chuspair a tha cho faisg air a chridhe; ’se dligheach fliein mu dheireadh an Achd an sin cuis na Gkidhlig. Agus air son Neill, ionnsachaidh,agus nach bithear ’ga meas a dhearbh e o chionn fada cho fileanta ’sa tha e nis mar nighean dhiolain ’na duthaich fhein. air a ’ chainnt mhkthrail a bhruidhinn agus Bha km eile ann—km a’ mhagaidh agus an a sheinn. Is mdr buaidh a’ chiuil an obair dimeas. Bha i caoin shuarach le cuid a bha a chraobh-sgaoilidh a ghabh an Comunn os ’ga bruidhinn ’na leanabas aig glim a laimh. Faodar sin a.mhothuchadh an uair mkthar, ach a chaill an tlachd di an uair a a leughas sinn mu choinneamhan nam thainig iad gu ire. Ghabh iadsan an galar meuran anns gach kite. Gallda, agus cha dheanadh an gnothuch ach am fasan iir, is a’ Bheurla Shasunnach. A reir ’s mar tha mi a’ cluinntinn tha a An uair a ghabh ministeirean is bhuamasdaireachd seo a’ call a buaidh, mar maighstirean sgoile, is urrachan ionnsaichte a tha eblas is oilein a’ dol am farsuingeachd, eile gnothuch ri obair na meuran dh’ is mar tha daoine a’ gabhail beachd na ’s fhaoidteadh a bhi cinnteach gu leanadh cothromaiche air an ionmhas inntinn a tha soirbheachadh. Cho fad ’s is fiosrach mise, r’a fhaotainn anns an t-sean chknain. Mar lean sin. Bha kraidean teagasgach air an as doimhne a chladhaicheas neach ann an leughadh; bha brain bhlasda air an seinn, 114 AN DEO-GKEINE. agus math dh ’ fhaoidte ’ gun criochnaicheadh THE JOY OF GAELIC. a’ choinneamh le ruidhle dannsa. Am.b’ urrainn do neach coinneamh a bu neo- locbdaiche na sin a chumail? Coimeas e (BY A PICT IN EXILE.) ri dol a macb nam bailtean m6ra le ’n tighean-cluiche ’s le ’n dealbhan, is leis If you own something precious and gacb droch rud a tha comh-cheangailte ri beautiful, and can claim for it the added sin. Nach flor an rkdh gur e “mac-an- value of antiquity, is not its possession a joy duine a rinn am baile m6r le bbuaireas, ach to you? Do you not love to hug the sense gur e Dia a’ rinn an diithaich.” Oban of possession to your heart, as it were, and aithne dhomhsa dbigh eile as tarbhaicbe air turn over and over in your mind the thought oidhche gheamhraidh a chur seachad na na that it is yours, that no one can take it coinneamhan a bhios meuran a Chomuinn a’ away, that it is your own inalienably to cumail. Faodaidh sinn “an Ceilidh Nodha” have and to hold? That is what I mean by a channtainn riutha, agus ged nach bi feala- the joy of Gaelic. I glory in being able to dha, no geiread cainnte, cho siiibhlach ’s a speak it. I congratulate myself, and am bba sin anns an t-sean aimsir aig na sean proud. There is no one in my land of exile cheilidhean, bidh an toil-inntinn Min aig gach to whom I can speak it; yet, all the same, I coinneamh. say to myself: “O how rich you are! ’ ’ “How rich in knowing this wonderful, wonderful language!’’ and I rejoice. Many people Is e crioch kraidh obair nam meuran, mar knowing it well are unconscious of this tha fios aca fein, a’ Ghaidhlig krdachadh, delight, and therein is their loss of joy It agus an t-aite as inbheiche a tboirt di a may be that, as in my case, the very chum gun gabh an digridh tlachd ann a bhi deprivation of exchange of speech, the very ’ga h-ionnsachadh, agus ’ga cleachdadh. Ma compulsion of silence, emphasizes your joy chailleas an oigridh an tlachd air a’ chanain of possession. You feel that, whether used mhdthrail, theid i dhith an uine ghoirid. or not, the treasure is yours, and that a day Air an aobhar sin, tha e mar fhiachaibh air may come when from your treasury you may meuran anns gach cekrn suil a chumail air bring forth treasures new and old, especially a’ chuideachd ris na dh’ earbadh ionns- old. And so you go on, dumb though your achadh na cloinne anns gach siorrachd. delight may be, content with the exquisite Thug Achd Pari am aid a nis dhaibh cead a’ consciousness of possession. Ghiddhlig a chur air a chi dr ionnsachaidh Just consider what a noble old tongue it maille ri canainean eile—rud a bha sinn a’ is. The language of courts, of colleges, of sireadh o chionn m6ran bhliadhnachan. poets. But that, to my mind, is not what Ged fhuair sinn na bha dhith oimn, na touches us most nearly. What moves me biodh pasgadh Idmhan mun ghnothuch. Na most is the personal touch. It is our family di-chuimhnicheadh Comunn, m6r no beag, tongue; the language of our ancestors; the an dleasanas a chaidh earbsa riutha. Ma language of “our own, our native land”; the bhios Gdidheil dlleas, ma bhios gach meur language of the Piets, that indomitable race de ’n Chomunn Ghdidhealach Idn dealais whom aliens could not conquer, nor Nature’s mun Ghaidhlig, faodar fiughair ri soirbh- challenge daunt. Did they not build a wall eachadh. Biodh suaicheantas gach meur from shore to shore of their kingdom, scorn- ma ta, “Mo Boghainn a’ Ghaidhlig.’’ ing hill and dale and river and rock in their progress ? And so advanced were the “painted savages,” which English history- <> books depict (1), in the science of fortifica- tions (man’s chief study in those days), that Is duine coir fear da bh6; their cleverness in vitrifying the very stones Is duine ro-ch6ir fear a trl; of the mountains to their use defied South Britain’s knowledge then as it does still. Is chan fhaigh fear a c6ig no sia The antiquity of Gaelic is undoubted, and C6ir no ceart le fear nan naoi. some students of the subject hold that Scot- land (not Ireland, as often supposed) was Is fearr an dubh na an donn; the home of Gaelic. They hold that Irish Is fearr an donn na am bdn; Gaelic is the result of the inter- Is fear am bkn na an ruadh; mingling of Scots and Piets, while Scot- Is fearr an ruadh na a’ charr. tish Gaelic is said to be pure Pictish. A AN DEO-GREINE. 115 noted authority tells us that “the Highlander I had been looking for him with the utmost is simply the modern Piet, and his language interest, and while he and my mother were modern Pictish” (Gaelic). There are talking I crept up and stood beside him languages older, no doubt, than the Gaelic quietly till their talk was over. of Scotland, such as Hebrew or Sanscrit, Then, plucking the knee of his but note this vital difference—these are dead trousers, I looked up and asked him languages, while Gaelic lives and breathes very gravely: “Where is Eve?” I can in daily reviving strength. What a pride to still see his perplexed face as he gazed down, us is this! What a disgrace if we fail to wondering if my senses were gone; then, value our unique heritage! There is even, catching my mother’s eye, he understood, I venture to say, a moral value besides the and smiling answered: “She’s at home.” educational one in the possession of an (He could speak very little English.) “Be ancient language. How can this be, you sure you bring her next time you come, I ask ? In this way: it makes you an aristo- want to see her,” I begged. “Yes, yes,” crat; you are not an upstart among the said Adam, and went off laughing. Now peoples, but a citizen of long descent. In Adam was a very tall and fine-looking man, practical, every-day life, the sense of good and to a child a quite ideal “father of us birth is a subtle worker towards good all.” He did not bring Eve, however, and conduct. And in this way I hold it would finding she was not distant beyond my possi- be more difficult for a Gael to do a mean act bilities, I made another shepherd’s girl take than for a Saxon. The very feeling of me to her cottage. With what interest and speaking an ancient tongue has a certain respect did I see her ? Eve was a tidy little noblesse oblige about it. ’Twere to betray woman in a frilled cap, with a tartan shawl the tongue of centuries and sages to use it on her shoulders. I plied her with ques- for ignoble speech. I cannot put in words tions: “Where was Seth? Gone to school? quite what I mean, but will leave it at Gone to play.” “Did poor Cain ever come saying that Gaelic is an aristocrat among the back? Was he very, very sad?” Abel I tongues as Scotland is among the nations. touched on but lightly, fearing the mother Now, with all this passionate love for would be sorry to think about that. You Gaelic, you may, perhaps, wonder to hear know how simple and believing children are that it was not my mother tongue, not the To them nothing is incongruous. The tidy language of our family table-talk, and though little woman in the mutch was accepted I am Highland bom and bred not a single quite simply as “the mother of all living.” governess we had could speak it, and later, And the older disillusions, God knows if they when I shared my brothers’ resident tutor, are better. Anyway, our first beliefs are, I a university graduate, who could fluently do believe, the best foundation for future read Hebrew, Latin, and Greek, even he did reconstruction. If it gives Canon Barnes not know Gaelic. But in the mysterious any satisfaction to do away with the Fall, let way that children leam thiilgs, not knowing him have it—for he does away with Eden they are learning them, I learned Gaelic. I too. What a “fool man” he must be! For learned it from our cottars and servants. there in Eden, blooming ever, is still the Tree Well I remember the puzzle it was when I of Life, and let him who flouts the Fall (the first “came up against,’’ as the Americans surface, shallow, tea-cup swimmer, whose say, the days of the week, when about antics impress only the illiterate), let him seven years old. A certain shepherd named take heed lest he himself be flouted when the Adam came from an outlying sheiling every time comes that he will seek to approach the Monday to report to my mother, and I heard Tree of Life—for the “right” to touch it is the name of the day in Gaelic, and, being strictly conditional, as some of the closing taught “Latin roots’’ at the time, connected words of our Holy Scriptures distinctly the sound with Luna, and thus the first state (Rev. xxii. 14). But pardon this name-day that stuck to my mind was the digression, which has taken us away from Gaelic for Monday. There was a rather our dainty Eve. Let us return to her, for amusing incident relating to this same Adam before we leave she wants to give us some which I will tell you. The first day he came of the sweets of Eden, for a true mother in (1) Scottish history written by an Englishman hospitality she was, and if you are Highland is invariably vitiated, and should never be read perhaps you guess what her sweets were, without a watchful mind. Not only the facts that namely, a “piece” of oatcake and syrup. are left out, but the fictions that are put in, make And how good it was! Much nicer than a false(2) Nicholson’s history. Keltic Researches. anything at home. There was in the other 116 AN DEO-GREINE. end of her cottage another old lady whom, of Eden. The classic tongue, too, of these as a typical old Highland woman, who could weira and powerful poems of Dugald not speak a word.of English, I should like to Buchanan, whose cottage at Kinloch- mention. She was a widow, and wore a Rannoch she often drank tea in. Listening snow-white “soupal, ” and though over to his grim but sonorous verse, he seemed eighty was quite hale and vigorous. The to me the Milton of Gaelic poets. His awful mother of seven sons and five daughters, she pictures gave you thrills like a ghost-story, has often said that never a drop of drugs especially two, his “Address to a skull”— passed her Ups! For which she thanked the said skull being one unearthed at old St. Lord. How many in these “science” days Blane’s burying ground at Lassintullish, I can say as much? And her dozen were all understand—and his “Day of Judgment,” big and strapping and handsome, her seven where you heard the chains of devils clank sons, all tall, forming over forty feet of and the fumes of brimstone choked you as stalwart manhood. But they were scattered you listened. over the face of the earth, and the lonely old Besides Adam and Eye, I had various widow was very poor. But would she take tutors: a dairymaid from Glencoe, in whose from the “Poor’s Box”? “Me!” she would slow, musical intonation, gentle cadences of say in Gaelic, “take from the box! Never l” woe, haunted her mellow words, and the and never did she. And will you believe me pathos still of that long-since massacre still if I tell you that often that poor woman had haunted her heart. Also another maid from nothing in the house but a little oatmeal and Argyll, and one from Lochaber, who knew cold water? Many and many a time did my not one word of English. But, oh! her mother send me to her with a roll of butter, Gaelic! It was a poem to hear her speak. a piece of mutton or pork, or a “kebback,” A tall, fair, lovely girl, who spoke the purest for she preferred “missy” coming than a unmixed Gaelic. And how she could lilt servant. Her poverty she would not breathe lullabies! The trills, the curves, the soft to a servant, only to mother would it be inflections and windings of sweet, low, revealed. And often she would be sent for melody would charm any baby into helpless to tease wool, or card, or spin, or rake hay, slumber. If any Highland parents read just to give mother a chance of paying her these lines, I would like to say to them this : in money—for starve she would rather than Do not prevent your children from mingling accept it unearned. with the Highland peasantry. Not in a In these days we hear of famine here and Highland cottage will your little ones learn there, and straightway the Press blares it bad manners! I have never heard in a out and starts collections. But in those Highland cottage a coarse or a vulgar word. sturdier days no flourish of pen spoke for the All the little girls and boys I’ve met were hardy poor, nor did they want it. In erect little gentlewomen and little gentlemen. self-respect they waived off “charity,” and And I believe that, to this day, Highland rathered far eat their handful of dry oatmeal students at universities, as compared with and drink their bowl of cold spring water city or Lowland lads, are noted for their than eat the bread of others. And was it not innate courtesy and grace of manner. Per- better so? haps they, too, like me, know, if but sub- But what has all this to do with Gaelic? consciously, the joy and dignity of Gaelic. Just this: These dear, noble, poor people were my school for Gaelic. In the pictur- [The above article is by a lady resident in esque peat moss, on the top of merry hay Simla, India. As may be seen, she has an stacks, in fields with golden stocks, in fanks intense love for the Gaelic language.—Ed.] with bleating sheep, and swathes of white $ fleeces falling around at the clipping, among SCOTTISH LAND SETTLEMENT. chattering, chaffing potato-lifters—in all Under the Land Settlement Act, the those places were my schools where one little Board of Agriculture for Scotland have girl, all alive, could often be found, and the acquired 126,387 acres, at a cost of Gaelic spoken was of the purest order. Eve £352,861. On the Board’s estates 12,113 and the fine old “soupal” lady of glorious acres are in occupation of 350 holders, in- independence were Ross-shire, and spoke cluding 311 ex-Service men. Under the beautiful Gaelic. Adam was from the head Small Landholders Act the Board have of Rannoch, and also spoke beautiful classic settled 1435 holders, including 184 ex- Gaelic—the language, no doubt, in which he Service men, on an area of 159,367 acres.— made love, for we all know it was the tongue The Secretary for Scotland. AN DEO-GREINE. 117 ■AM BIODH OIBRICHEAN-MORA cul a chur air a’ bhaile-mhor le ’oibrichean- mbra, le ’chabhsair clachach cruaidh, le CHUM MAITH NA ’fhuaim agus le ghleadhraich; agus a thogas GAI DH EALTACH D?” sinn oimn le seirm a’ Bhkird Aosda ’n ar cluas: — [Thugadh an 6raid a leanas seachad do “O, ckiribh mi ri taobh nan allt, “Cheilidh nan Gaidheal” o chionn A shiubhlas mall le ceumaibh ciiiin; ghoirid le Mgr. A. Mac Thomais ann a Fo sgkil a’ bharraich leag mo cheann, bhi ’fosgladh deasbaireachd air a’cheisd, ’S biodhthus’,a ghrian, ro-chkirdealrium.’’ “Am bi Oibrichean Mora chum feum Le teas an Uthair ’g ar sgiixrsadh gu ar do’n Ghaidhealtachd ? ” Mar a chi ar glinn agus ar bothain fein, gabhaidh sinn mu leughadairean, tha an t-iighdar a Thuath, agus chi sinn air an t-slighe iomadh deanamh a mach gun tachair call is oidheirp a chaidh a’ chur air chois gu Cunnart an lorg nan oibrichean m6ra, oibrichean-m6ra ’thkiseachadh—oidheirpean ma thig iad.] a thoisich Ikn de gach deagh run agus dhochas, ach nach deachaidh fad’ air ’S iomadh ceann a chaidh an currag fo aghaidh. Nach m6r nach cuir e’ Bhuidh- thoisich a’ cheisd so, ann an cruth air each oirnn am milleadh a rinneadh air choir-eigin, a’ cuir bruaillean air luchd- sealladh na duthcha mar a theid sinn air aiteachaidh na Gaidhealtachd; agus chaidh aghart, agus nach saoil sinn gu bheil na iomadh earrann agus rann a sgriobhadh mu beanntan fein a’ sealltainn sios le tkmailt dheidhinn ciod bu mhotha ’bha gu cron agus feala-dha air na bothain bheaga.. ’no gu maith na Gaidhealtachd, a frithean bhochda, chrubach, tha ’liugadh am measg agus a machraichean, a monaidhean agus a nan creag. Seadh, mur b’e na criomagan sleibhtean, a sruthan agus a lochan, a bhi de choille ghuirm agus de chreagan corrach air an tabhairt suas gu bhi air an reubadh glasa’ tha mar gu’m b’ann a’ cromadh a agus air an truailleadh le oibrichean-m6ra, nuas thugainn le ckirdeas, bkighealachd, air neo bhi air am fagail mar a dh’ fhkg agus grkdh, a dh’fhkgadh anns a’ Ghaidh- Lamh a’ Chruthaichidh iad—comhdaichte le ealtachd, thiormaicheadh ar cridheachan ’n maise is bbidhcheas Nkduir. ar com ’nuair a chuireadh sinn aghaidh air Feumaidh neach a thig a dh’ionnsaigh na Tlr ar breith. cuspaire, gu h-araidh sinne mar Ghaidheil, Air latha boidheach samhraidh bha mi a tharruing thugainn f&in le ar ceud analach ’gabhail ceum learn fein air monadh mor gradh sblumaicht’ agus prois ann an “Tir Leodhais, agus, air tighinn dhomh gu toman nam beann, nan gleann, ’s nan gaisgeach’’ beag air am b’kbhaist dearcagan a bhi ’fks —feumaidh sinn inntinnean farsuing ’thoirt ’nuair a bha mi ’nam bhalach, shuidh mi gu na ciiise so, agus gach “tha’’ agus “chan airson tiota a’ gabhail seallaidh air gach eil” a phungachadh agus a chothromachadh taobh dhiom. Ar learn nach fhaca mi gu maith, agus gu ro mhaith, mu’s tabhair riamh na bu bhkidhche na’n dealbh a bha sinn breith. sgaoilt’ mar bhrat-sgkil air mo bheul-thaobh Anns an dol a mach, na di-chuimhnich- aig a’ cheart mhionaid anns na rkinig mi am eadh sinne gur fada na’s prlosaile na 6r no mullach. airgiod an tochradh agus a’ chbir-bhrcith a Bha ’ghrian a’ boillsgeadh thar ghuailnean chaidh’ fhkgail ’an urra ruinn le ar nam beann, a’ soillseachadh le ’gathan kir- sinnsirean a dh’fhalbh, se sin ar c&nain agus dhearg gach lochan beag a bha romham ar cleachdaidhean-beatha—an t’aon talann a sgaoilte mar bhreidean de dh-anart geal air tha ’gar cumail air leth gun a bhi air ar gach taobh. Bha ’monadh donn le ’dhosan slugadh am measg dhaoin’ eile, a tha ’cumail de fhraoch dearg a’ sgaoileadh fo m’ siiilean an t-saoghail mhbir leagt’ oimn, agus chomhair gu iomall na mara, agus bha fead- a tha ’gar f&gailne air fior-mhullach na ainn Ikn de stkrr agus chuigealach, thall ’s a beinne le spioradan ar n-aithrichean ag bhos, a’ chraobh-sgaoileadh fo gach loch. itealaich mu’n cuairt dhuinn ’nuair a tha Chluinnin cluaisreadh nan tonn ris na carr- ckch ’nan slaod agus ’nan suain air uchd na uichean a’ measgachadh ri mkilich nan machrach. caorach ’s nan uan, agus gkgail a’ choilich Seallaidh sinn, mata, car uine, ciod tha fhraoich agus sgriachail na feadaig air gach ’gabhail kite ’nis anns a’ Ghaidhealtachd o laimh dhiom—an t-aon fhuaim ann an chionn iomadh bliadhna. Nach ann Ik osnadh saoghal a bha air a thasgadh ann a’ skmchair thoileachais a chuireas gach aon againn neamhaidh. Mlltean air falbh chithinn baile fkillt air an km anns an urrainn dhuinn ar beag, an sid’s an so, mar gu ’mb’ ann ’nan 118 AN DEO-GREINE. codal an achlais a’ Chuain-Mh6ir le c&o na bha gach smugaid a chuirinn a mach cho m6na a’ dlreadh suas am measg nan sgdth. dubh ri drop-shiollaidh fo dhruim an tigh- Bha creagan corrach air gach taobh dhiom dhuibh againn. Gu dearbha fhein, seach air an snaigheadh a mach a cloich le Laimh nach d’ fhuair mi cancer anns a’ chioch- nach deachaidh cekrr. Bha na h-uillt, an shlugain, cha robh agam air, agus saoilidh dara h-uair, a’ ruith agus a’ leum thar mi gu’m feum mi linntean am measg an charraig agus chloich, agus an uair eile, a’ fhraoich mus teid bias na cebthadh as mo ruidleadh am measg nan clachan-muile agus chuimhne; agus fhad’s a bhios cothtom nan a’ sebladh gu socair s&mhach chun na mara. cas agam, thig mi ’mach an so far am faic Cha b’ urrainn dhomh gun a bhi ’smuain- mi canach geal an t-sleibhe le ’thrusgan agus eachadh air faisgead, seadh lathaireachd, a dhath nadurrach, agus an crom mi mo Fir-deasachaidh a’ Chruinne a chruthaich an cheann ann an toileachas agus taingealachd saoghal agus na tha ann, agus cho foluiseach gu bheil fathast an duthaich againn ann an ’s a bha ’Sheul air an ionad anns an robh mi so mur a bha i riamh, agus gu’m faic sinn anns a’ cheart km so. maise agus gu’m fairich sinn Ikthaireachd Thainig aon de luchd-kiteachaidh a’ bhaile nam Flaitheas maille rinn ged a tha ar a b’ fhaisge ’laimh tarsuinn an druim; sporan gann. agus, ’nuair a chunnaic e mi ’na m’ shuidhe Tha iomadh fear an diugh anns a’ air an tom, rinn e orm, agus thoisich sinn air Ghkidhealtachd a tha air an aon bhonn ri comhradh, an null ’s an nail, air nithean a Tormod—tha, agus is bochd dhuinne mar bha ’gabhail kit’ am measg an t-sluaigh. Ghkidheil mur am biodh ar cridheachan Bha fhios agam gu ’n robh Tormod ’na snaimt’ ris na h-aignidhean ceudna mar a dhuine tuigseach fad-shellach cho fada ’s bha cridhe a’ bhkird a sheinn o chridhe brist’ a leigeadh a sholus leis, ged nach togadh fear- is spiorad briiite: tathaich e am measg grurman beag sam bith de luchd-kiteachaidh chumanta na “ ’S truagh nach robh mis’ far na chleachd Gkidhealtachd—daoine slmplidh fuasgailte mi bhi 6g, do nach toireadh tu creideas airson aon A’ dlreadh nan creag far a neadaich na smuain os cionn buntkta is coirce no h-eoln, aignidhean thairis air ainmhuidh an Bho rkinig mi Glaschu tha m’ aignidh fo t-slkibhe, ach a’ fks ann an dlixths ri Nadur lebn, gun cheilg no lochd. ’S mi ’call mo chuid chlkisneachd le “Seadh,” arsa mise, “a Thormoid, nach glagadaich 6rd.” bu mh6r am beud nach robh dbigh air na Ach ged tha ’n taobh sin de’n chilis miltean de dh’ fhearann bkn a tha so a chur cudthromach gu leor, tha barrachd air a sin gu feum air chbir-eigin, na’ bhi ’na bhksdair, an crochadh air a’ cheist so. Tha e gu loigeach, fliuch, gun fheum mar a tha e?” cinnteach a’ tachairt aig an am so, gabhadh “Gun fheum, ” ars’ esan, agus suil, a’ bhaird sinn gu maith no gu h-olc e, gu bheil ar agus an fheallsanaich a’ lasadh ’na ghnuis, cknain a’ call a greim anns a’ Ghkidhealt- “a dhuine thruaigh, an tarruingeadh tu fein achd, gu h-kraidh air tlr-m6r. Tha gach mar gu’m b’k meapaid-thearruidh tarsuinn duine againn be6 do’n chuis, ’s ann mar sin air an dealbh a tha fuasgailt’ romhad an a tha e ro-thaitneach a bhi’faicinn Ghkidheal drksda? Bha duil agam gu’n robh barrachd anns gach kit a’ seasamh guallainn ri toinisg air sin ’n a d’ eanchainn. An guallainn gus ar cknan milis a ghleidheadh leagadh tu fein miltean de rathad iaruinn o’n ghaillinn. ’S gann lideadh de chknan troimh na h-ionadan so, le carbaidean- do mhkthar a chluinneas tu ann an Inbhir- smiiid a’ sgreuchail am measg skmhchair Pheotharan, ann an Crombaigh, agus ann a’ nan tom ? An sgoilteadh tu na creagan so a Srath-Pheothair, agus gach bail’ eile ’s a’ thog an ceann os cinn nan allt ’s nan sruth Ghkidhealtachd anns am biodh dochas agad mus do leagadh bunaitean an Domhain ? a’ Ghkidhlig a chluinntin gu ruiteach. Ma An glasadh tu na h-uillt fo gheimhlean gus bhruidhinneas tu ri neach sam bith anns na uisg’ a thionndadh gu rothan mhuilinn ? An h-kiteachan sin ach seann chreutair an sid gabhadh tu ort ce6 mosach a’ ghuail a ’s an so, ann an Gkidhlig, bu cho maith sgaoileadh air feadh killidheachd agus dhuit Laideann no Eabhra a thoirt dhaibh fionnarachd an fheasgair ann a’ so?” ri cknan Dhonnchaidh Bhkin, agus mur am “Bha mis’,” ars’ esan, “aon uair air biodh thu air d’ fhaiceal stiiiraidh iad do chuairt an Glaschu (agus c’ait’ am faigh thu Inbhir-Nis thu far a bheil kit’ air a chur air tuilleadh oibrichean agus bheartan na anns leth airson do leithid de dh-amadan. Anns a’ bhaile sin?), agus ’fhad ’s a bha mi ann, na h-Eileanan, taing do Shealbh, cluinnidh AN DEO-GREINE. 119 tu fathast canan binn an F&inne, agus cuid- de chomhradh air a chur air taod gu bodach eachd ann an Ullabal, Gearr-loch, Loch-an- a chuir oirbh. Their cuid (agus c6 ’ghabhas Inbhir, agus earrannan de dh’ Earra- orra aicheadh nach fior-Ghkidheil iad sin?) Ghaidheal, ach tha iad sin a’ dol calg “Dk ’n cron ged a chailleadh an cknan sin dhlreach air an aon rathad. ’S e mkthair- a tha cho fad’ air chul an fhasainn? Cha aobhair na staid mhuladaich so, tha mise lion toil-inntin bru. Treabhamaid na dhe’n lan bheachd, gu bheil cleachdaidhean miltean de dh’ fhear ann a tha ’n a thamh Gallda ’leantainn nan oibrichean-mora a gun fheum gun thorradh. Fuasglamaid a’ chmreadh air chois anns na h-aiteachan sin, Ghkidhealtachd suas agus bidh sith us sonas agus a’deanamh greim air mac-meanmna air gach cagailt.” an luchd-oibre agus an t-sluaigh air fad. Shaoileadh tu gu’n robh a’ Ghaidhlig air Cha chan seann luchd-aiteachaidh nan freumhachadh cho domhain ann a’ Leddhas gleann sin. Mar a dh’ fhuasglar an diithaich, agus nach gabhadh i a cuir as, ach, air teannaichidh sin snaim 'thar sgbman na dhomh a bhi air chuairt ann am baile mor Gaidhealtachd mar as toileach leo-san agus Steornabhaigh ’nuair a bha oibrichean a’ leinne’ bhi smuaineachadh oirre; agus, mar Mhorair Leverhulme ann an teas dhol air a rinn na h-Innseanaich Dhearg’ agus aghaidh, cha robh mi cho cinnteach idir fineachan Australia nuair a dh’ fhuasgladh mu’n chuis agus a bha mi ’roimhe. Bha de na diithchanan acasan, teichidh iad do na ghriosainn Ghalld’ a’ leantainn nan cnuic agus an ceann crom do’n bhuille. oibrichean sin ’s gun saoileadh tu gur h-ann A chairdean, a cho-Ghaidheil, cuireadhmaid am meadhon Lunnainn a bha thu leis na bha gach smuain shaoghalt’ air ar cul. Tha ’n de bhlas na Beurla air gach focal a chluinn- dk chrann air ar bois. Le oibrichean-m6ra’ eadh tu, agus airson na cleachdaidhean a bha steidheachadh anns a’ Ghkidhealtachd cuid- ri ’m faicinn am measg na h-6igridh cha ichidh sinn le ar cknain agus na cleachd- chreideadh neach air bith gu’n gabhadh iad aidhean am measg na rugadh sinn a chuir ’ait’ am measg sluaigh Gaidhealaich, Cha leis an t-sruth. Thugadh sinn ar n-aont’ do chluinneadh tu smid Gaidhlig ach aig sean luchd-brisidh na duthcha, agus cha bhi na’s bhodach an sid ’s an so; bha gillean agus motha na glinn agus na srathan a tha cho clann-nighean a’ spaidseireachd air na bitheanta ’nar n-aignidhean ’nuair a sraidean comhla ri Gaill, agus cha’ b’ urrainn chruinnicheas sinn an ceann a’ cheile, a’ nach deanadii an eiseamplair a bha iad a tarruing ar n-inntinnean d’ an ionnsuidh mar ’toirt seachad greim air inntinnean an luchd- a tharruingeas teas nan Innseachan an aiteachaidh, agus tha ’fhios agaibh fein, gobhlan-gaoithe ’nuair a bhuaileas a cheud ’huair a thig am fasan ur, leig do shoraidh ghath de fhuachd is chrannadh an Fhaoillich leis an t-seann fhear. e. Ma’s fhiach ar diithaich comhrag as a Tha e, mar an ceudna, furasd’ a thuigsinn leth, no ar cknain Ikmh a shlneadh a mach agus a chreidsinn gu’m bi an tuilleadh airson an gleidheadh, ann an aon fhocal, buaidh aig na nithean sin mar a theid na ma’s fhiach a’ Ghkidhealtachd an t-aon bliadhnachan seachad agus a bhios an smuain as deireannaiche ’chosg oirre, t-seann luchd-aiteachaidh a’ tuiteam fear an deanamaid tosd ma’s faic sinn le pr6is agus deidh fir. Thugaibh cuairt airson Ik no dha uaill oibrichean-mora ’dol air chois innt’. am measg an t-sluaigh ann am baile sam bith air thuath anns a’ Ghkidhealtachd, agus Mur an d’ fhiach na nithean sin aon cha’n urrainn nach cuir e gruaim oirbh a smuain as an leth, leigeamaid soraidh leis liuthad eleachdadb agus caitheadh-beath air gach beinn is ceann is linne, ach am b’ eolach sibh ’nar n-6ige a tha ’n diugh deanamaid cinnteach nach diiisg spiorad gun lorg oirre. C’kit’ a bheil na ceilidhean a’ bhkird ann an dubh na h-oidhche sinn, aig am biodh sinn ’nar balaich ag innseadh agus a thuiream os cionn fuaim nan 6rd ’s sgeula’chd agus a’ cur thbimhseachan ri nan roth: ckch a cheile ? Co mheud balach a chi sibh “Bha de shblas de gach sekrs’ ann, an diugh a’ falbh le craicionn-callainn agus chumadh oigridh ann am fonn, duan-na-callainn ’na phluic ann an Gaidhlig Cha robh uisge, muir, no mointeach air an ruiteach ghleusda? Ged a tha criomag an sid’s an so de na seann chleachdaidhean ri’m cbmhdach fo ar bonn, faighinn fathast ’nar measg, tha na seann Ach an diugh tha maor is lann air gach nithean a’ gabhail seachad agus maille alltan agus 6b, riutha tha sinne mar shluagh sbnraichte ’a Cha’n eil saors’ aig sruth nam beanntan dol a dhith. Cha’n e so bruadair no sguilm anns a’ gleann ’s an robh mi 6g.’’ 120 AN DEO-GREINE. LOCHBROOM COMUNN more within the scope of definite knowledge. 5. The influence of Christianity on Celtic GAI DHEALACH. Art was gradual but sure, ultimately raising it to its highest degree of perfection as is LECTURE ON THE CELT IN ART. evidenced in the marvellous beauty and skill shown, more especially in the Irish, At the monthly meeting of the Lochbroom ecclesiastical illuminated MSS. and metal Branch of An Comunn Gaidhealach, held in work and enamelling of that period, a com- Ullapool in March last, a lecture on the plete revolution having taken place in this “Celt in Art’’ was delivered by Mr. Stewart, class of subject. The priest took the place Post Office. Mr. D. Macleod, M.A., Vice- of the warrior as the patron of the fine arts, President, was in the chair. monopolising the available time of the metal At the outset the lecturer referred to the worker and enameller in making beautiful disadvantage of the absence of suitable vessels for the service of the church. Atten- drawings or photographs—assuming such tion was also directed to the facts available were obtainable—of the masterpieces of regarding sculptured stones, particularly Celtic Art, or at least such illustrations as erect cross slabs, and the special claims they were necessary to the interest and right make on local interest, referring specially to understanding of its origin and develop- those in Boss-shire, which are among the ment. In his introductory remarks he finest of their kind in existence. referred to the necessity in these circum- In conclusion, the lecturer summed up'Tn stances of limiting his treatment of the the following words of the late Mr. I. subject to a general outline of the history Bomilly Allen: “I consider the so-called of Celtic Art, commencing at the time when Celtic style to be a local variety of the the Celts made their first appearance in Lombardy-Byzantine style, from the figure history at the end of the sixth century b.c. subjects, the interlaced work, the scrolls of Dealing first with the physical and ethno- foliage; and many of the strange real and logical characteristics of the Goidelic Celts fabulous creatures were apparently and the evidence of their earliest state of borrowed. The Lombard-Byzantine style culture in the discoveries at Hallstadt, at was introduced into this country after the La Tene, and the Marne district of France, Saxons became Christians, and being the lecturer went on to show the influence grafted upon the Pagan Art of the late Celtic which contact with other races and probable period was developed in different ways in infusion of new blood exercised in the art of different parts of the Great Britain. How- the Celts from the time of their landing in ever, it in no way detracts from the artistic Great Britain, and also the state of culture capacity of the Celt that he should have of the neolithic inhabitants of this country adapted certain decorative motives belong- whom the Goidelic Celts found here on their ing to a foreign style instead of evolving arrival, together with the evidence that them out of his own inner consciousness. exists in. support of the theory of the Although his material may not all have been amalgamation of the two races, instead of of native origin, they were so skilfully made the aborigines being overwhelmed by the use of in combination with native designs, more warlike Celt. The leading points sub- and developed with such exquisite taste, sequently dealt with were as follows : — that the result was to produce an entirely 1. The high degree of technical skill original style, the like of which the world attained by the Celtic artist during the had never seen before.’’ Bronze Age in Britain. A feature of special interest was the paint- 2. A list of the remains of the period for ing of “The Chief’’ from Mr. Stewart’s the study of Pagan Celtic Art of the Bronze brush, which was very greatly admired by Age. all present. Mr. Stewart, as is well known, 3. The epoch-making discoveries m has a wide reputation as an artist of note. Greece, Egypt, and Crete, which made it Several gentlemen spoke in warm terms possible to connect the culture of Great of the real pleasure derived from Mr. Britain, in the Bronze Age, with the corres- Stewart’s very able and instructive address. ponding culture on the Continent. 4. Celtic Art in Christian times. The —From the “Stornoway Gazette.’’ fact that, unlike that of the Bronze Age, the remains of the Christian period had been so Chan ionann do fhear na neasgaid agus fully investigated that it placed its study do’n fhear a tha ’ga fasgadh. AN DEO-GREINE. 121 A’ CHAILINN THA I AM H MU LOCH EITE. One of the Songs selected for Special Competition 67 at the forthcoming Mod. Air fonn “Airidh nam badan. ” Glens C. Seis. Le C. M. P. : .1 d : r s : 1 : Cha’n eil b’abhaist la seachdain I Sabaid; : d r : m : d' : - } ’S cha duisgear pramh gu : .1 m : - r } Dh’fMs thug d : r Fine 11 chailinn I 1 : s : — || d1 : d' : 1 } : nachd' gaol maothaicheadh 1 : : d1. r1 m : d1 : d1 1 : d } Ach faicinn : d1 D C Gur 1 I s : -- II Aig eoinneamh na h-6igridh ’s ann chuir mi Is finealta nasal a bens is a gluasad; ’n ceud eblas Is ceanalta suairce a nadur; Air an 6g-chailinn choimhlionta, chiataich; ’Na pearsa cho loinneil, ’na deise cho ’S cha tig e an gradaig a mhiichas an sgoinneil— t-sradag ’S beag longhnadh gur toigh leam thar A dh’ fhadaich a maise ’nam chliabh-sa. chkich i. Cha diith dhomh bhi luaidh air na feartan ’S e cuspair mo smaointean a latha ’s a dh’ thug buaidh orm, oidhche ’S a mhosgail & suaimhneas gu brbn mi: A dh’ fhoillseachadh sebl air bhi reidh A’ ghnuis fhoinnidh fhlathail, na siiilean rith’; caoin tairis, ’Chionn, mur faigh mi a buannachd, ri m’ ’S am binn-bheul o ’m blasda thig bhe6 bidh mi truagh dheth, comhradh. Gun chaidreamh, gun suaimhneas, gun eibhneas. GAELIC IN LONDON. the ages of the students ranged from 12 The Gaelic classes inaugurated by the years to 40 years of age. Miss Murray Scottish Clans Association of London were latterly combined singing as part of the brought to a successful close for the season instruction, and it was indeed a pleasing on Tuesday evening, 11th April. The ex- revelation to hear students, who six months periment has been highly satisfactory, the ago could not speak a word of Gaelic, singing interest and attendances being splendidly in the language of the Gael the fine old maintained all through the five months’ Jacobite song, “Will ye no’ come back session. This pleasing result is undoubtedly again?’’ A hearty vote of thanks to Mr. due to the influence and ability of the two Paterson and Miss Murray for their splendid instructors, Mr. Hugh Paterson and Miss voluntary services was proposed by Mr. G. Isabella Murray, who are both able Gaelic S. Bonnyman, the Hon. Secretary of the scholars and have had considerable experi- Scottish Clans Association, and heartily ence in teaching. As showing the interest in accorded by the students. It is proposed to the Gaelic language it is worthy of note that re-open the classes in the early autumn. 122 AN DEO-GKEINE. LEAVING CERTIFICATE ud. Feumaidh an sealgair a bhith gu m6r air fhaicill gu ’m bi e daonnan air taobh-leis EXAMINATION, 1921. na gaoithe. Mlltean air astar, aig an km GAELIC (LOWER GRADE). shonraichte so de’n bhliadhna, gheibh iad The following passage, which is to be am fkileadh is cha’n e sin uile e; tha a h-aon reproduced in Gaelic, should be read out by de na seann aighean a’ seasamh air leth ri the teacher at 10 a. m in the presence-of the freiceadan am feadh ’sa tha Righ-na-Frlthe supervising officer. It should be read out ag ionaltradh no a’ cnkmh a chlre ’na laighe twice, not too quickly, nor too slowly. ’san luachair. Tearnaidh na sealgairean a THE SOLDIER’S DREAM. nis bho na mullaichean, a’ cumail k sealladh Our bugles sang truce—for the night-cloud had nam fiadh. (20) lowered, 3. Translate into English : — AndAnd thousands the sentinel had starssunk onset thetheir ground watch overpowered, in the sky; MO THEINE FEIN. The weary to sleep and the wounded to die. ’N uair thig mi dhachaidh anns an oidhch’, When reposing that night on my pallet of straw, Is mi fann is fliuch is sglth, By the wolf-scaring fagot that guarded the slain; An saoghal cosmhail ri bhith an gruaim, AtAnd the thricedead of ere the the night morning a sweet I dreamt vision Iit saw, again. Cho duaichnidh bidh gach ni, Methought from the battlefield’s dreadful array, Is a chi mi an solus tighinn gu m’shiiil Far, far I had roamed on a desolate track : Troimh an uinneig dhuint’, mar reul, ’TwasTo the autumn—and home of my sunshinefathers that arose welcomed on the wayme back. Gu’n tog mo chridhe suas le sunnd, I flew to the pleasant fields traversed so oft Bhith dliith do m’ theine fein. In life’s morning march, when my bosom was Is ’nuair chi mi an lasair dhekrrsach dhearg, young; Is gach kite sguabte grinn, I heard my own mountain goats bleating aloft, Is fiamh a ghkir’ ’s gach aghaidh ghrkidh, And sung.knew the sweet strain that the corn-reapers Is gach aon toirt fkilte binn: Then pledged me the wine-cup, and fondly I swore, O c’kit bheil sonas comhail ris From my home and my weeping friends never to An saoghal bochd a’ bhroin? part. Cha tugainn taobh mo theine fkin MyAnd little my ones wife kissed sobbed me aloud a thousand in her fulnesstimes o’er,of heart. Air mile bonn de’n 6r. (20) “Stay, stay with us—rest, thou art weary and worn”; 4. Write at least a page in Gaelic on one of And fain was their war-broken soldier to stay— the following topics : -— ButAnd sorrow the voice returned in my with dreaming the dawning ear melted of morn, away. The Story of St. Columba. 1. Beproduce in Gaelic the substance of the The Wild Animal Life in your District. passage read out. (20) (20) 2. Translate into English: — 5. (a) Write down five masculine nouns and NA SEALGAIREAN. five feminine nouns from the piece of Tha a nis anns a’ Ghaidhealtachd am poetry in Qn. 3, and give their genitive pailteas de rathaidean mora matha, agus and dative singular. gur ann a chi sinn na sealgairean a’ tarruing (b) Give the Gaelic for:—Salt herrings, a mach ’s a mhaduinn ann an carbad-ola! the black isle, the old woman, the Nach ann air an t-saoghal a thainig! A’ week, Clan Donald, the hundred and chuid aig nach ’eil ach na h-eich, fkgaidh first psalm. (10) siad iad air cixram a’ ghille-choise taobh an 6. Translate into Gaelic: — rathaid, agus dlridh iad a mach ri guala na (a) We need not run up the hill. beinne agus suas gu a mullach, ma tha an (b) Let us read the letter that John sent latha soilleir. Taghaidh iad kite falaich from France. fasgach bho am faic iad troimh an gloinn- (c) You will not need these shoes any eachan sealladh air gach coire, gleann, srath more. (5) is uchdan. Eada thall am braighe a’ choire faicear buaile bheag fhiadh. Tha iad fathast 7. Translate into English: — ro fhad as a dheanamh cinnteach an fhiach (a) Tha tasdan agam ort. am fear cabrach ud dol air a th6ir. (b) Na gheibh e ’na dhom, cha reic e air Is i nis a’ cheist chudthromach, “ciamar 6r. a tha a’ ghaoth a’ s^ideadh an taobh air a (c) Cha ’n ionann do fhear na neasgaid bheil an treud?” Is ioma kirde as an tig agus do ’n fhear a tha ’g a fksgadh. (5) oiteag ghaoithe anns na coireachan domhain (To be continued.) AN DEO-GREINE. 123 CEILIDH NAN GAIDHEAL. cuspair sam bith aig km sam bith.” An d^idh taing a thoirt do’n Cheilidh air son an onair a chuir i air aoidhean an fheasgair, CUIRM-CUIMHNE. dh’ aithn e air a’ chuideachd gun an ceum Air feasgair Di-haoine, an 15mh latha a lagachadh na lughdachadh ann a bhi ’n d&ug de’n Ghiblein, bha cuirm-cbuimhne, comhnuidh a’ cumail suas na cainnt a bheir- air ceann-finid c6ig bliadhna fichead de eadh mar uisge glan nam beann arda Cheilidh Nan Gaidbeal, aig c6mhlan de dhoibh slkint is fallaineachd. Ghaidheil Gblascho, ann a’ 51 Sraid-an-Iar Bha Mgr. Aonghas Mac Dhonnchaidh cho Regent. Ikn de “Ur Canain ’s ur Ce61” ’s nach robh B’e priomh aobhar na cuirme diirachd, fhios aige gle mhath c’ait an toisicheadh deadh ghean, is dilseaehd a thaisbeanadh do na’n sguireadh e. Gun chanain ’s gun cheol chuid de na fiurain a steidhich a’ Cheilidh cha bhitheadh sinn ach suarach leis gach an uair, mar a thubbairt duin’ nasal a bha fine fo ’n ghrein; bha ar ckol krd gun truaill- lathair, a bha ’Bheurla an ion agus am eadh agus cho glan ri uisge florghlan nam faileadh fhein a ghoid bho chanain fuaran, ri easan nam fuar bheann agus ris ehubhraidh nam beann. a’ ghaoith a sh&ideas thar nan cuantan. Bha Bha sinn ro thoilichte seisear de na sochairean m6r againn agus bhitheadh duilnaich sin—Mgr.Eachann Mac Phaidean, buannachd aig ar cuirp, ar n-inntinnean, ’s Mgr. Iain R. Mac ’Ille-na-Brataich, Mgr. ar n-anamanan diugh na’n cuireadh sinn gu Gilleasbuig Mac Cullaich a’ Bbean Uasal buil mhath iad. Bha ar cknain, arsa Mgr. Nic Cullaich, Mgr. Niall Caimbeul agus Mgr. Eachann Mac Dhughaill, a fhreagar, a’ Niall Mac a’ Chombaicb—fhaicinn aig ceann tuiteam air dheireadh agus bha ’n t-am a a’ bhuird a bh’ air a sgeadachadh gu nis ann, mur-an robh e air dol seachad a riomhach le cuibhrigean breagha geala, cheana, anns am bu chbir facail lira, a puisteal sleamhuinn agus gloinneachan riochdachadh nithean iira, a chuir ri ar taosgach, fhliuraichean chruinn, thuilear, cknain ma bha i gu bhi faotainn an smior air dhath nan r6s agus an ceann ri l&r mar agus an neart a bha gus a cumail glan gu’m b’ ann air son an deadh-bholtradh a beothail. ph&irteachadh ri na nithean matha a bh’ air Air iarrtas Mgr. Tormod Mac Lebid, an deadh dheasachadh. M.A., dh’ 61 a’ chuideachd “Deoch Slainte Bha ’n cruinneachadh bho stiuradh Mgr. Tir nam Beann, nan Gleann ’s nan Gaisg- Calum Mac J^ebid, ceann suidhe na Ceilidh, each.’’ Cha bu chbir dhuinn a bhi mar agus an deidh na suipearach agus na fhaoileag an aon chladaich. Gidheadh bha gloineachean a lionadh as na stealladairean diomhaireachd ann an sliosan stucan na de dh’ uisge liomaid geal is dearg a bh’ air Gaidhealtachd, spioradan anns na glinn, feadh a’ bhuird, thairg e ann an Gaidhlig dathan anns na monaidhean, agus fkileadh fhileanta, bhriathrach, shnasmhor, “SlainC bharr a’ bharraich a bha ’g urachadh gaeh An Rlgh agus an Teaghlaich Rioghail.” crb ’nar cridhe agus ’gar tkladh chuca mar Mheas e gu robh na Gaidheil a riamh nach deanamh kitean sam bith eile ’sa tr&bhdhireach do cheannard ’s do rlgh, agus chruinne. Bha fhios aig an t-saoghal gun nach robh righ a’ riaghladh am Breatunn a robh an Gaidheal gaisgeil ann an cath, ach riamh a b’ airidh air dllseachd nan Gaidheal cha b’ann an cath a mhkin a bha iad gaisgeil, na Seoras V. a bha nochdadh ann am focal oir bha ar n-aoidhean, an oidhche a steidhich agus an gniomh gu robh blaths is carthannas iad Ceilidh Nan Gaidheal, cho curanta ri ’na chridhe do uile iochdarain ar n-lmpir- saighdear sam bith a choisinn suaicheantas eachd. glbire air raointean fuilteach na strl. Las an sin an fheadhainn a bha ris an Fhreagair Mgr. Calum Mac ’Ulemhoire gur tombaca na ploban agus thairg Mgr. Mac ann ’sa chbmhnaird am measg thrbubhan Le6id a rithist ann an cainnt abhachdail, coimheach a chitheadh sinn an dlleab luach- thoinisgeil “Ur ’N-aoidhean.’’ Bhean e riu mhor agus na beusan ionmholta a bh’ air fa leth a’ moladh an cliii ’s a diomoladh an an tasgadh an tlr nam beann ’s nan gleann. uireasbhuidhean, agus a’ toirt dhachaidh air Ars’ esan na bha Ikthair an comain bho’n robh iad dhoibhsan a bha, agus a tha cumail bratach Fhuair mi annad oideachadh na Gaidhlig am bkrr a’ mhaide. Dh’ 61adh A leanas rium ri m’ bhbo. an slainte le tlachd agus an sin fhreagair ’Measg do bheanntaibh creaganach Mgr. Iain R. Mac ’Ille-na-Brataich “a tha Tha slkint, is mais, is glbir. deiseal air bruidhinn ann an Gaidhlig air Na ’m bitheadh a’ Chbilidh cho fallain 124 AN DEO-GREINE. ris a’ chainnt a chleachd an t-Urr A. Mac lonmhuinn, B.D., mu a ‘Slkinte’ cha b’ BRANCH REPORTS. eagal dith. Chanadh tu nach robh facal Beurla ’na chlaigionn; bha a’ Ghaidhlig a’ Mr Neil Shaw, Organising Secretary, paid a return dortadh as a bheul mar leum-uisg thairis air visit to -the Branches in Easter Ross early in April. cas-chreag. Bha a’ Cheilidh (bha e thall is KiltarlityHis visit Branchcoincided on with 1st April.the closing The President,Ceilidh' of Rev.the chunnaic e) cliuiteach, stblda, geur agus Archd. MacDonald, presided over a large attendance ceblmhor; bha ceann suidhe agus luchd of members and friends, and during an interval for tea dreuchd aca’ bha airidh air grklh an Mr Shaw addressed the gathering in Gaelic and t-sluaigh. Bha a’ Oheilidh grinn innte fhein English.Kiltarlity Choir,Gaelic andsongs other were items finely on anrendered excellent by pro-the agus teisteanas aice cho cliuiteach ri gramme were solos, recitations, pipe music and High- comunn air na chuir e eolas a riamh. land step dancing. This Branch has had a most success- Chomharraich e gur e reachd ghlic a chuir a’ ful session. Mrs MacDonald, who played the song Cheilidh air chois, agus cha robh aige ach accompaniments,music and songs, isand deeply is to beinterested congratulated in Highland on the coimhead air a laimh dheis is chli gu bhi fine performance of the choir and soloists. faicinn buill de’n Chklidh a bha an diugh a’ On Saturday, 2nd April, Mr Shaw visited several togail ait ard ann ar litreachas. Cha di- districts in the Dingwall area.- At Dingwall he inter- chuimhnicheadh e gu brath an t-aoibhneas, viewed Capt. Finlayson, Mr Hugh A. Fraser, M.A., an cairdeas agus an caidreachas a nochdadh Foddertyand Mr John Mr Shaw MacRae was unfortunate(late Contin). enough Proceeding to find theto dha leis a’ Cheilidh, agus a’ coimhead thairis minister, Mr Nicolson from home, but learnedl from air na bliadhnachan dh’ fheumadh e Mrs Nioolson of the success of the Gaelic Singing Class aideachadh gur h-ann an Ceilidh Nan carried on at Strathpeffer throughout the winter. Gaidheal a chuir e eolas air cairdean cho anceGreat wasinterest regular. was takenA fullin the report Class isand promised the attend- for prlseil ’sa bh’ aige air an latha ’n diugh. another issue. At Contin, Mr Shaw spent a pleasant Bha a’ Cheilidh ’na didean bho thubaistean hour with the Rev. A. C. MacLean at the Manse. is buairidhean a’ bhaile mhbir, agus cha Under the auspices of the local Branch, Mr MacLean leigeadh pkrantan a leas a bhi an iomcheist conductedmuch appreciated a Gaelic by Psalmodymembers andClass. the attendanceThis was verywas ’nuair a cheangladh an clann iad fhein ris a’ good and regular. chomunn so. Fhreagair Mgr. Eachann On Monday, 4th April, the closing Ceilidh of the Mac Phaidean air son na Ceilidh a’sealltuinn Portmahomock Branch was held, the Committee co as a thainig a spionnadh agus a neart. kindly arranging an evening to suit Mr Shaw’s con- Dh’ earb e ris an oigridh an obair mhath a venience.(about 250) Theand theCarnegie Presidlent, Hall Rev. was Ewencomfortably Fraser, U.F.filled chumail air aghart a chum is gum bitheadh Manse, presided. The Committee arranged a splendid ar canain cho maireannach ’s cho glan ri programme of choral, trio, duet, solo singing and caochan an fhuarain aig sail nam beann. readings.leadership Theof MrJunior Ross, Choir gave from delightful Inver, Tenderings,under the Llonadh na gloineachan air son “Fear na Shaw’stheir singing eulogy of on“ Otheir Till interpretationa Leannain ” wellof this meriting beautiful Mr Cathrach” agus ann am beagan bhriathran love song. In addition to his customary remarks in dixrachdach thairg Mgr. Niall Caimbeul Gaelic and English Mr Shaw assisted with the musical slainte Mghr. Mhic Le6id a bha an part of the programme. At the close of the proceed- comhnuidh airidh air moladh bho Ghaidheil andings pouchthe President for his wasservices presented! as teacher with aof tobacco the Gaelic pipe sam bith, agus gu h-araidh bho Cheilidh Nan Class. The Office-bearers and Committee are doing Gaidheal a bha cho uailleal gu robh Gaidheal splendid work for Gaelic in the district. The reading cho fiosrach, gradhach, toinisgeil air an class meets weekly from October to March and ceann. successCeilidhs of are the held Branch monthly. very materially.Inver contributes to the Fhuaradh orain air an seinn r£ an On Tuesday, 4th April, Mr Shaw addressed the fheasgair le cuid de na mnathan uaisle a bha memberschairmanship of theof Rev.Kilmuir-Easter A. O. MacNaught, Branch underPresident. the cuideachd. Thug Mgr. Calum Mac Rath, am Songs were tastefully rendered! by Miss MacLean, bard Sgitheanach, dhuinn “Oran na teacher, and Mr Gunn, Golspie medallist. Mr Shaw Ceilidh’’ nach cuala sinn a riamh roimhe. sogave closely a song attached recital, togiving the theolder tradition songs. andIn all,history he Bha oidhche chridheil againn agus mar a contributed eleven songs illustrating his lecture, begin- thubhairt fear na cathrach, tha sinn an “Ceadning with deireannach “ Tog orm nam mo beann.” phlob ” and closing with dbchas gum bi an aireamh as motha a bha Lochgilphead.—At a Ceilidh of the local branch of cruinn an oidhche ud beb coig bliadhna An Comunn Gaidhealach, Mrs Brown, Vice-President, fichead an deigh so an uair a tha sinn cinnt- presented Rev. J. H. Macfarlane Barrow and Mrs each a bhitheas oidhche mhor shubhachais TributeBarrow waswith paidi a silverto Mr teapot Barrow's and voluntary hot water service jug. in aig a’ Ch&lidh. conducting the Gaelic Class and Ceilidh for the past C. M. storytwo winters.in Gaelic Anand excellentEnglish followed.programme of song and AN DEO-GKEINE. 125 Kjllin.—The local branch held a Ceilidh in the motion of the Chairman, hearty thanks were accorded Public“ Reiteach Hall, Moraig,” when a dramaticformed thesketch principal in Gaelic, item entitled in the theto the prizes; judges, Mrand HughMr Macleod, Maclean, Kinloch, .and whoAn hadComunn given son,programme, M'Naughton, and was andtaken Marquis, part in byand Misses Messrs. Robert- G. GrantGaidhealach Macdonald for granting proposed Mr a Maclean’s vote of thanksservices. to theDr Munro,MTntyre, and John D. M'Diarmid.Stewart, G. SongsHogg, were A. renderedWalker, A.by NationalChairman Anthem and the brought performers, a very and enjoyable the singing evening of the to AMiss reading M'Naughton was contributed and Messrs. by MrMunro John and) Stewart, MTntyre. and a close. bagpipe selections by Mr Munro. The Rev. Mr certGaelic under Society’s the auspice® Concert.—A of the local veryGaelic successful Society tookcon- MackayEubusaig.—This presided. Branch of An Comunn Gaidhealach place in the Good Templar Hall, Arbroath, recently. came to a dose for the session on Thursday night (31st attendanceMr A. MaoCallum of members presided of the Societyand there and friends.was a largeThe theirMarch), appreciation when the ofmembers Mr Urquhart’s and friends untiring met effortsto show in programme was of a very fine description and was making the Erbusaig Branch so successful. The cordialgreatly reception.enjoyed, allSplendid the artistes renderings meeting were with given a very by intervalschool w asin crowdedthe musical to its utmostprogramme, capacity. Mr DuringKenneth an the Gaelic Choir, under Mrs Malcolm, and by the MacKerlioh, Drumbuie, in an appropriate speech pre- JuvenileMrs Kitto; Co-operative a dainty display Choir, of underdances the was direction given by ofa Mrsented Urquhart, Mr Urquhart who waswith pleasantly a well-filled taken wallet by ofsurprise, notes. number of the Misses Scott’s pupils. wasgift, overcomeand he feelingly by the andmunificence suitably ofreplied. the Oomunn’sMr F. o mentionedMacRae, ex-postmaster,that Mr Urquhart Kyle, onehad ofbeen the speakers,teaching CEILIDH SEMI-JUBILEE. ofGaelic the forGaelic the lastrenaissance twenty years, that andihis that fidelity it was toa signthe language of the Gael was at last publicly rewarded. Gaidheal,On Friday Glasgow, evening celebrated last, 15th its inst., 25th Ceilidhanniversary. nan Mr Urquhart’sMurchison, zealfactor, for Balmacara,the Gaelic cause.made referenceMr Murdo to It was a happy thought that inspired the Committee Matheson, Drumbuie, endorsed the sentiments whenwhom itstill decided flourish to andhonour give itslife founders,and vitality a fewto itsof expressedprogramme by ofthe song other and speakers. music wasA mostafterwards interesting sus- meetings. tained, no less than four pipers taking part. The when51 West a representative Regent Street gathering presented of a Highlandgay appearance ladies companyOidhohe mhathdispersed leibh,” by andsinging the wish—““ Soiridh Gu’m leibh a fada us and gentlemen sat down to dinner—the festive beo e agus oeo dheth thigh.” board! being presided 1 over by their genial friend, Skye Singing Class.—Mr Hugh Maclean, teacher Mr Malcolm MacLeod. of singing from An Comunn Gaidhealach, who had theAn company, agreeable unique menu havingof its kindbeen dulyamong disposed Highland of, finishedbeen holding his work classes in inthe Uig district and Kilmuiron Friday, for 1sta month, April, functions', entered with zest upon the main part of when the competition for the prizes given by the theThe evening’s time-honoured entertainment. toast of the “ King, Queen, and Murchison,Glasgow Skye Portree, Association and Dr Granttook MacDonaldplace. Mr acted A. the Royal Family ” being responded to with full as judges. In the Junior Class the prize-winners were : Highlanda happily-reminiscent honours by the vein, company, and in the the Chairman, choicest inof 1,Matheson; Flora Macphee; and in the2, IsabellaSenior Mackintosh;Class—1, Miss 3, Mary idiomatic Gaelic, which revealed a rich vein of Macnab and Miss Cathie Beaton (equal); 2, Mis® Mary humour,founders ofpaid “The the Gaelichighest Ceilidh,” possible andtribute to theto solidthe bothMacmillan. classes, Thereand all was acquitted a large themselves number of most entrants' credit- in work—liverary, musical, and so dal—which it had ably. After the results of the competition had been theso far Gaelic accomplished. movement Itin wastheir the city,” “advance and guardhe was of War,announced, and friends the choirs, from judges,a distance Comradfes were entertained of the Great to confident its future would be no less illustrious and tea by Miss Macdonald and Miss Maclean, teachers. beneficialWhat struck than itsone past about had thebeen. Chairman’s remarks songsIn the whichevening, reflected Mr Maclean’s much credit classes upon gave teachera recital and of was the particularly happy knack he displayed, to pupils. Miss May Macnab, Miss Cathie Beaton, Miss thecharacteristics, great amusement aptitude, of all, and of hittingtalents offof thethe manner,various Macdonald,Flora Macphie, Mr DonaldMiss BellaMaeleod, Mackintosh, Mr Murdo Mr Mackenzie Hector gentlemen whose names were “ writ large ” in the and Mr Norman Macmillan sang solos, andl their sing- toastsThe andreply replies of Mr of Bannerman,that evening’s full Gaelic of toast-list.wit and froming testified Mr Maclean. to the carefulMr Donald training Mackinnon, they had Mrreceived Mal- telling phrase, and all so beautifully balanced, was colm Maclean, and Messrs. Archie and Murdo Mac- oneuniversality of the sparkling of his outlookgems they and had his to spontaneity admire. The of innesa very also pleasing contributed feature to thewas evening’s the appearance enjoyment, on andthe utterance never fail to appeal. platform of the Uig Junior Class, who had come, priate“Ur toastcanan’ for s’ur Mr CeolAngus ” wasRobertson, a particularly whose literaryappro- accompaniedMiss Graham. by theirPiper teachers, James MrMunro Macdonald at intervals and gifts and Celtic genius were afforded the amplest appreciatedplayed bagpipe by theselections, audience. which Mr were, Macnab, as usual, Chairman, highly scope,Mr Hector and MacDougall’sright well did reply he wasrise equallyto the inspiring,occasion. inand his pipe closing music remarks, in the referred!Isle of Skye, to the instancing tradition ofa greatsong vocabulary,and his plea iffor they a continual would march adding with to theirthe Gaelictimes, numbercomposed of by Skye Skye bards men andand' manySkye women.well-known On tunes the wasIn asthe appropriate absence asof ittheir was goodconvincing. friend, Mr Colin 126 AN DEO-GKEINE. MacPherson, they were fortunate in having “Tir Mr. Ian Macpherson said that when the nam Rearm, nan Glean’s nan Gaisgeach ” submitted Gaelic Society was founded in 1777 nothing by the secretary-elect, Mr Norman MacLeod, M.A. was insulting enough for Scotland, particu- MalcolmLike his Morrison, predecessor who inreplied, the hesecretaryship, did not confine Mr larly the language of the Highlands. It was himself to the Gael of the homeland, but took a joy prescribed. Any responsible Highlander in depicting the Gelt abroad, and in recalling his who wore the tartan or spoke his native marvellous achievements, whether in peace or in language was liable to be shot. Gaelic was scenicwar. Irresistibly,beauties on boththe Continent,speakers were or againturned in from the now being revived, and it was the bounden East, to the unsurpassed grandeur of the Highland duty of every Highlander to preserve his bens., Mr MacLeod commended the right good fight native language and always to be proud of put up for the Gaelic language1 by such heroes as it, although nothing could be more suicidal the men they were there and then honouring as their than that Gaelic should be the only language evening’sThe successful guests. speech of Rev. Alex. MacKinnon, in Scotland. R.D., who himself had spent many happy sessions 0 reviewat the ofCeilidh, its chief brought features, before of the the friendships company formed,a vivid andfor. ofHe the could spirit commend of mutual the helpfulness Ceilidh and that its itliterary stood and social activities to Highlanders generally. To EX-PROVOST MACFARLAN, wasthe youngone of Highlandthe most ladprecious or girl rallying-groundis such an institution they DUMBARTON. bycould several possibly of their have. gifted The membersliterary work was notaccomplished the least of the Ceilidh’s contributions to the Highland cause. There was recovered from the Elver Clyde speaker,Mr Hector and ever MacFadyen, full of good unsurpassed humour and as fellowship, a Gaelic near Milton on Saturday forenoon, April was at his best in his reply to the rev. gentleman’s 9, the body of ex-Provost Eobert delightfulThe hearty toast. vote of thanks to the Chairman was MacFarlan, Dumbarton. The deceased ably proposed at the close by 'Mr Neil Campbell, gentleman had been missing from January and wa; given with acclamation. The only regret 27 last, and it was believed he had in the allis thattoo functionsfew. With of thesnob kind! a referredgalaxy toof haveHighland been darkness stumbled over Dumbarton Quay. oratorical talent in our midst, an Annual Institution Mr. MacFarlan was born in Argyllshire, but of this type, where Gaels might regale themselves spent practically all his days in Dumbarton. and refresh their memories and hearts with Gaelic A lawyer and bank agent, he was principal phere,”sentiment would and Gaelicbe quite song an “ inappropriate a truly Celtic wind-up atmos- to of the firm of Messrs. MacFarlan & Thom- the Celtic season in our City. son, writers, Dumbarton, and Dean of the The first function of this kind leaves nothing but Faculty of Dumbartonshire. He entered the pleasantest of pleasant recollections. Dumbarton Town Council in 1891, was P. M. D. appointed Provost in 1898, and reigned as 0 such for 13 years. During that period much valuable work was done, and Mr. Mac- NOTES AND COMMENTS. Earlan’s name is specially linked with the introduction of electric light and tramways According to Mr. F. A. Wallis, Commis- to the district. He was a member of Dum- sioner of Immigration at Ellis Island, never barton Harbour Board, and represented since the early days of barbarian Europe has Dumbarton on the Clyde Trust. In politics there been such a wholesale migration of he was a strong supporter of the Unionist population as that which is now in cause in the West of Scotland. He was contemplation, with the United States as also a prominent Freemason, being a the destination. Italy is preparing to send P.D.G.M. of Dumbartonshire. Ex-Provost 5,000,000 persons to the country. Eight MacFarlan was the only Scottish Provost millions are preparing to move out of who in his official capacity attended at the Germany. Hordes are preparing to move coronations of King Edward and King from various countries in Central Europe. George. He contributed to local literature Every steamship reaching New York is over- a brochure on Dumbarton Castle, and a laden with steerage passengers. It is a pamphlet on the Proclaiming of the Sover- terrible problem, and is likely to have far- eign in Eoyal Burghs. At his death he had reaching effects on our own country. What partially completed a History of Dumbar- will happen if the pick of our own people tonshire Freemasonry. Mr. MacFarlan move out of Scotland? If that should was a bachelor, and is survived by sisters happen, we shall be poor indeed. and a niece. AN DEO-GREINE. 127 Mr. MacFarlan was an enthusiastic REVIEWS. member of An Comunn Gaidhealach, and served for a considerable time on the Executive Council. He was also Convener of the Finance: Committee. He was deeply CULLODEN MOOR AND THE STORY OF THE interested in the language movement, and BATTLE. By Peter Anderson. (Eneas MacKay, helped it in various ways. He was a genial Stirling.) 5/-. friend, and endowed with a strong vein of ’45—andTo those what interested true Highlander in the ill-starred is not?—this episode attrac-of the humour, and took pleasure in recalling old tive book on Culloden Moor should be of much stories and personal reminiscences, many of interest. The author, the late Mr. Peter Anderson them of an amusing nature. No one could of Inverness, dealt with the scene and incidents of beguile the tedium of a long railway journey —inCulloden—the 1867. As lasthe saidbattle in foughthis preface, on British he made ground “a better than he. On the way to attend an survey of what has been said on various controverted Executive meeting in Inverness, we recol- points by different writers, with the addition of lect how his delightful anecdotes contri- more minute biographical details.” His son, Mr. buted to make the journey appear only half filialP. J. piety,”Anderson, now Aberdeenpublished University,a new andhas, revised“with its length. edition (the one under review) in 1920. The story is The sympathy of the Executive of An exceedingly well told, and the maps and plans of the Comunn Gaidhealach, and other members, battlefieldvery beautifully showing drawn. the positionThese wereof the prepared armies areby is extended to his sisters and niece. Mr.a most James serviceable Fraser, index,C.E., Inverness.and a valuable The bookappendix has 1746of 50 topublications, 1913, together arranged with accordinga reference to toyears, 25 plansfrom <> — ofsentation the battlefield. of events withinA more the clear compass and complete of 200 pages pre- AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. hasdeserves not beento be published.widely known. On thatThe account type, paper, the book and NEW LIFE MEMBERS. general get-up are excellent. David Brown, Esq., Pollokshields. Capt. J. MacArthur, Shanghai. SONGS(Eneas OF MacKay, THE GAEL. Stirling.) By 2/-. Lachlan Macbean. NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. This is a collection of thirty-two Gaelic songs with Alex. Thomson, Esq., Govan. ofEnglish “Pet Marjorie,”translations etc. by TheLachlan melodies Macbean, are given author in J.Robert M. MacGillivray, Matheson, Esq., Esq., Rogart. Gairlodh. sol-fa and staff notations. Whilst the book contains Miss Dolina MacLeod, Kent. includessome of twelvethe dear songs old favouriteswhich are not(and so rightly well known, so), it onebut whichof these, certainly composed deserve by Mr.attention. M. Macfarlane By the way, (A’ DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD. ofChailinn the test tha songs tamh to mube sungLoch atEite), the forthcomingis selected as Mod. one PreviouslyMull and Iona acknowledged Association £ 4110 10 0 Mr. Macbean is now, through long practice, a Mull and Iona Association, Special Prize 3 3 0 English.skilled hand His at otherelegant works translations show that; from so Gaelic does intothis Clan Grant Society ... 6 0 0 collection. In these days a book of this kind at 2[- ArranGeorge CteilidhA. Ferguson, Esq 43 43 0 is cheap indeed, and we heartily recommend it to Glasgow Gaelic Society ... 3 0 0 largeall lovers sale. of the music of the Gael. It deserves a MalcolmGlasgow JuraMacLeod, Association Esq 2 2 0 Mrs Burnley Campbell .. 2 0 0 GUTH360 ArgyleNA BLIADHNA. Street, Glasgow.) (A. MacLaren1/6. & Sons, The Earl of Cassillis 1 1 0 Dr.P. MacDougallGeorge Calder Pullar, Esq. 1 1 0 goodThe one.spring For number one thing, of “Guth the articlesNa Bliadhna” are shorter is a Mrs W. Craig 10 0 than usual, and this is an improvement. “Taladh” MrsDonald M. Currie,E. Maitland Esq., StockwellB.L. ... 101 0 0 ofis aexpression pretty lullaby it would by beD. hardM. N. to C.beat. For The tenderness “Guth” ProfessorMiss May MurdochSmyllie, M.ACameron, M.D. ... 10 0 nothas alwaysspare thosesomething of a todifferent say upon viewpoint politics, andfrom does it, Dr. Burges 10 0 especially the Prime Minister. In this issue there CharlesAlastair Hamilton,O. MacLaren, Esq Esq. 01 100 6 theis a resultdiscussion of the on war. country In lifean articleversus ontown the life Irish as DonaldD. Russell, Sutherland, Esq Esq., M.A 0 105 0 arrivedquestion, at itwhich declares is not thatin accordance no settlement with the can mind be Andrew Gilchrist, Esq. ... 0 5 0 Kingand will Robert of theBruce Irish and people. his parliament The letter to thesent pope by MrsMiss DavidElma BoyleStory 0 5 0 in 1320, declaring the independence of Scotland, is £89 17 6 translatedThere is a shortinto story,vigorous entitled Gaelic “Neach by D.a Thill.”M. N. C. 128 AN DEO-GKEINE. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 12/6 net. Postage 7d. The Shop for Gaelic Books. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK Price Postage ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English Songs Henrywith Translations Whyte “ Fionn,” & Gaelic now Readings,ready, cloth by 7/6 6d HIGHLAND Bardings Bharabhais, of Donald HumorousMacdonald, Songs Rarvas, and Read-limp 2/3 3d RECONSTRUCTION SgeulaicheGaelic Self-Taught, nan Caol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d A survey of the problems—Administrative, ciationfor Beginners, invaluable with to anLearners, imitated complete,pronoun- station,Economic, Fisheries,and Social—Land Industries, Settlement, Water Power,Affore- AnSet Rosarnach, of 8 parts ain galaxywrapper, of the - best modern 2/3 3d suggestionHousing, Transport,of what is andnecessary Education—with in the way ofa BardachdGaelic authors,Leodhais, 2Lewis volumes Bards, ready, now ready,each 10/-7/6 9d theReconstruction. Highlands, AEstate Book Agentsfor the andPublic Managers, Man in TheFionn Wizard’s ann an TighGillie, a’ withBhlair Gaelic Bhuidhe. and English,3/6A Tale, 3d Id6d Committees.County Councillors, and Members of Reconstruction RosgHandbook Gaidhlig. for SpeakersSelections at Gaelicof Gaelic Meetings, Prose, - 2/63d 6djd By H. F. CAMPBELL, M.A., B.L., F.R.S.G.S. Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d l£d PosadhMacBain’s Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Diet.,Moraig 12/6 6d 1/-lid Also, by the same Author, MacDougall’sAig Tigh na Beinne, Folk Tales by Mrs. and Grant,Fairy Lore,just pub. - 3/67/6 9d6d SUTHERLAND AND CAITHNESS, 3/6 net, and Gu’n d’thug I speis do'n Armunn, Gaelic novel 1/6 3d Cloth, Round Corners, 4/6. Postage 5d. Deirdire,Cameron’s Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages,1912, -- 2/-3/6 4d6d THE CATHEDRAL OF CAITHNESS AT DOR- Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - l/- NOCH (Illustrated), 1/- net. Postage 3d. Bardiachd Ghaidhlig, Selected Gaelic Poetry, 3/6 AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choiceBhruis Gaelican Eirinn, Essays, - 1/-1/3 ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, MinstrelsyAuraicept naof n’eces.the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder. & Eng., - 12/6 51- 6d Publishers and Booksellers, Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d 360-362 ARGYLE STREET, GLASGOW. GaelicAll BiblesPost Orders and mustTestaments include sufficient at all prices,for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW.

WE SPECIALISE IN HAND-WOVEN TWEEDS, BEAL HAKKIS, ST. KILDA, WEST HIGHLAND, ETC. LADIES’ and GENTLEMEN’S COSTUMES, SUITS, IN THESE FABRICS ARE ALWAYS FASHIONABLE, AND GIVE THE MAXIMUM OF WEAR. Patterns Free in all New Shades. J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM, Mackay’s Palace Hotel CHARING CROSS (kk'™t“) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. Hllhlym„Mv o»r„Recommended.mmPnripd |I BEDROOM,^g D’HOTE ATTENDANCE, BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from AND5s. En PensionTABl Rates on Application. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Dara Mios an t-Samhraidh, 1921. [Earrann 9. CLAR-INNSIDH. am beachd gun cluinnear an cbrr mu dheidhinn. TheSpiorad Miss na Kate h-Aimsir Fraser a thaMemorial, ann, A’ Bheurla Shasunnach mar Ghnathaichair Chan ’eil beachdan is cleachdaidhean ar an Albainn mu Dheas, ... lb, a cbrdadh r’a chail. Is ann a tha e a’ A Specific for the Gaelic Language, ... deanamh a mach gu bheil a’ roinn as LeavingNotes and Certificates Comments, Examination, 1921, llonmhoire de’n phobull fo riaghladh an Highland Home Industries, ... Donais; gu bheil sin a sgaoileadh, na’s The Lia Fail, farsuinge am measg dhaoine, agus gur e lagh The Kilt ar n-ama; “Ith, 61, agus bi subhach oir am PropagandaExecutive Council, Tour, ... maireach gheibh thu bbs!” Dh’fheoraich An Comunn Gaidhealach, ... mi dheth ciod a stifiir inntinn gu leithid de Scotland’s Physical Disabilities, chomh-dhunadh, no ciod an stbidh air a Reviews, bheil e a’ leigeil a bheachd. “A bheil am mi-thoileachadh is an neo-fhoisneachd a thbinig air an t-saoghal an diugh a cur SPIORAD NA H-AIMSIR A THA ANN. dragha ort?” arsa mise. An e nach ’eil Tha caraid agam am baile mor araidh, daoine a’faighinn “cuibhronn chuimseach de agus is toil leam a bhi ’tadhall air an uair a nithibh maithe na beatha seo?” mar tha an gheibh mi cothrom, a chionn gu bheil a leabhar cheist ag radh. Dhuin e a shuilean sheanchas tizrail, agus taitneach leam. Tha car tiotain; chuir e aon chas thairis air a gliocas is geurad inntinn ’na chomh-luadar chois eile, agus labhair e mar a leanas : — an cbmhnuidh. Ged nach d’fhuair e riamh “Tha moran an seilbh air cuibhrionn eothrom a dhol do oil-thigh a dheoghal reusonta, ach tha na mlltean air oir na gliocais nan urrachan ionnsaichte, tha e ’na bochdainn an deidh na h-uile rud, miltean fheallsanach comharaichte gun fhios da eile an tl air nithean a thilgeadh am broinn fh&n; rud a thachair gu minic a thaobh cuid a cheile.’’ “A dhuine chridhe, a bheil thu de na Gaidheil an linntean nach ’eil ro fhad fhein a’ creidsinn gun d’thainig mac-an- air ais. Bhuilich Nkdur comasan. air a duine, anns a’ choitchionnas, gu Ire chaidh a chleith air moran de a luchd eblais Chriosdail fhathast a dh’aindeoin bireamh a tha chomhnuidh am measg iipraid nam nan eaglaisean, agus nan sgoilean grinn a bailtean m6ra. Ged a chosd mi fhin earrann chithear anns gach cearn de’n duthaich?’’ de mo bheatha a rtidhrach am measg “A rbir mar tha mi a’ leughadh an bheachdan is thuaireaman nebnach nam eachdraidh an t-saoghail, cha Wir dhomh feallsanach, feumaidh mi aideachadh gun dearbhadh gu bheil feobhas, anns an d’fhuair mo charaid greim air nithean nach t-seadh as airde r’a fhaicinn an giulan roinn d’thainig idir a staigh orm, no, ma thainig, mhor de’n t-sluagh.’’ Saoilidh mi nach eil a chaidh as mo chuimhne. Is e beagan as iad mdran na’s faide air adhart na bha 6ige na mise, agus gu cinnteach ma theid e daoine ri linn nan clach mum bi na feallsan- air adhart mar tha e a’ dol an diugh, tha mi aich a’ bruidhinn.’’ Cha d’atharraich 130 AN DEO-GRBINE. n&dur mhic-an-duine fhathast, ach gle ann an daoine ach fiadh-chreutairean a tha bheag, ged tha sinn uile a’ deanamh uaill ag iarraidh a ch&le itheadh.” “Tha thu ag mu bhuaidh a’ challachaidh a bhatar a amharc air an taobh as duirche de’n sgeithe. smaoineachadh a chuireadh an saoghal air B ’fhe&ird thu cor do ghriithain a thoirt bonn caidreachail. ” Tha nadur an fhiadh- fainear.’’ “Tha eagal orm gun d’fhuair dhuine a’ tighinn air lom mar a fhreagras an spiorad an dubhachais greim ort gun cothrom.” “Nach ’eil againn eisimpleir air fhiosda. Ma fhuair, chan fhaic thu dad ach seo gun a dhol fada o na dorsan?” “Seall troimh ghloineachan dorcha.’’ “Tha an air a’ chogadh mu dheireadh a dh'fhag a iarmailt agadsa lan de ne6il a tha ’bagradh leithid de thrioblaid ’na luirg, agus air a' rudan nach tachair. Tha thu mar gum cheannairc leis a bhell ar rioghachd air a b’eadh air chi na greine, anns an dubhar. skruchadh an ceartuair. ” “Seall air na Tha feum agad air spiorad an t-subhachais buidhnean a tha an amhaichean a cheiie mu —an spiorad sin a chi aiteal de sholus far shaothair is mu thuarasdal agi’s ckch a’ nach mothaich each ach an dorchadas.” fulang amalaidh nach de thoill iad.’’ “Ach,’’ ars’ esan, “ciamar a theid “Ubh! ubh! is tu tha fo ’n droch nithean a chur an eagaibh a cheiie, an uair smuairean,’’ deir mise. “Gun teagamh nach toir am fear oibreach h6-r6 air a’ tha na h-uiread de nithean air a dhol d chomh-fhlaitheachd do’m buin e fhdin gu altaibh a cheiie, ach nach d’fhairich h-hraidh. Tha mi a’ leughadh nach robh Breatunn tulgaidhean de’n cheart ghnk fada luchd- na saothrach riamh cho math dheth roimh seo?’’ “A bheil thu fein, a charaid, a thaobh tuarasdail ’sa tha iad an diugh. de ’n bheachd gun robh gnothuichean dad na Gidheadh chan ’eil iad toilichte le’n b ’fhearr ceud bliadhna roimh an dm seo, an crannchur. Ciamar a bhios duil aca ri deidh do’n Rioghachd a’ bhuaidh fhaotainn tuarasdal cuibheasach ma chailleas Breatunn aig Bldr Bhaterlu?’’ “Ma bha daoine anns a greim air malairt? Ma thachras sin, cha an am ud de’n bheachd gu robh linn an digh bhi ann ach an truaighe do’n phobull uile.” faisg air laimh, bha iad air am mealladh.’’ * * * “An uair a thachras cogadh uamhasach am “Tha thu sior amharc air an taobh as measg rioghachdan cuiridh an tulgadh duirche,” deir mise. “A dh’aindeoin na daoine ann an staid anshocair, agus mairidh trioblaide troimh a bheil sinn a’ dol, tha mi sin gus am faighear se61 air slth, agus fliln de’n bheachd gu slolaidh ciiisean sios gu tedruinteachd tre spiorad a’ cheartais agus staid na’s cubhaidhe na th’againn aig an no fialachd. Anns an dm air a bheil sinn a’ am ” “Ach a dhuine,” deir mo charaid, bruidhinn, bha gnothuichean air ghoil ’nar “chan ’eil saorsa r’a fhaicinn an diugh am diithaich, ach fhuair sinn Idmh an uachdar measg luchd na saothrach. Dh’aontaich iad orra air an t-sc61 a fhreagradh ’san dm. Ach a dhol ’nan treaudan, mar chaoraich, fo an d6igh a fhreagradh an t-dm ud, math riaghladh is fo stehrnadh an cinn-iuil, air dh’fhaoidte nach freagair e an diugh, agus chor gur fheudar daibh imeachd air an tha mi de’n bheachd gum faigh sinn Idmh t-slighe a chuirear fo’n comhair, co dhiiibh a an uachdar ’na dm air an trioblaid air a chbrdas sin r’an c&il no nach cord. C’&ite bheil sinn a’ bruidhinn. Tha Breatunn a bheil saorsa an uair a tha do choguis, mar foighidneach, ach ruigidh i a ceann uidhe.’’ gum b’eadh am p6ca fir eile?” * * * “Ged a bhiodh sin mar a tha thu ag “Tha amharus agam,’’ arsa mo charaid, r&dh,” deir mise, tha luchd na saothair de'n “nach d’fhuair thu greim air aobhar na bheachd nach teid an crannchur am feobhas trioblaide.’’ “Is e an cogadh a dh’fhdg an gu brath as aonais comh-bhann air choir- cogadh mor againn mar dhlleab, an conns- eigin.” “Chan ann an aghaidh comh- achadh a tha eadar a’ bhuidheann aig a bheil bhann riaghailteach a tha mi,” arsa mo earras, agus a’ bhuidheann aig nach ’eil. charaid, “ach an aghaidh spiorad a choma- Sin agad ceist nan ceistean an diugh, agus co-dhiiibh a tha follaiseach ’nar Ik. Tha chan aithne dhbmhsa gu bheil rathad air eadhon an oigridh fhein air an taladh leis an ciiisean a reiteachadh ach a bhuaidh a spiorad seo. Cha chluinnear an diugh ach shruthas o spiorad a’ cheartais taobh air bbilich mu thighean-cluiche, is mu luch- thaobh. airtean nan dealbhan. Tha mi seachd sglth de’n ghoileam.” “Tha rudeigin cedrr ort,’’ deir mise, “an * * * uair a tha thu ag altrum na barail nach ’eil “Thoir an aire,” deir mise, “nach much AN DEO-GRBINE. 131 thu aighear reusonta na h-6igridh, agus naeh The late Miss Kate Fraser was a woman feach thu ri’n cumadh a rdir gnaths sheann of outstanding ideals and characteristic daoine. F&gamaid an oigridh lionta le parts. A native of Glen-Urquhart, and for spiorad cridheil na h-6ige, oir thig an aois le some years an inhabitant of Glengarry, she h-iomagain luath gu leor. Mar a thuirt am was brought up in circumstances and sur- bard: — roundings which imbued her with the love and appreciation of the Gaelic homeland “Caochlaidh maduinn ait ar n-6ige, which always distinguishes the true patriot. Mar an ceo thar bharr nam beann.” In her professional career she was most successful, and received numerous testi- “Ach tha’n t-am agamsa a bhi a’ bogadh monials, presentations, and distinctions, nan gad, ma’s e is gum faigh mi dhachaidh among them the degree of F.E.I.S. from the an nochd. Tha mi an dbchas gum bi fbath Educational Institute of Scotland. air an diithaich mun tachair sinn r’a cheile But the late Miss Fraser did not confine rithist.” her attentions to her professional duties. 0 Her activities in the Celtic field, for many years as among the first to recognise the THE MISS KATE FRASER MEMORIAL. great value of Gaelic music and to bring Gaelic song to the front, arrested attention, AN APPRECIATION. and won for her distinction and popularity when Gaelic singing before public audiences There has just been erected at the resting was indeed in its infancy. place of the late Miss Kate Fraser in.Kilmore It will be remembered that she was pre- Burial Ground, Glen-Urquhart, a memorial sented by the Glasgow Inverness-shire subscribed for by numerous friends. Com- Association with a Celtic harp of beautiful posed of grey granite, it is designed after the design. The Children’s Mods in Inverness style of the ancient Celtic Cross slabs with some years ago will always be looked back carved ornamentation of the same period. upon as outstanding successes on the part of A “Clarsach” on the pedestal completes a the late Miss Fraser as a worker in the unique and appropriate design. Gaelic field. As an organiser of exceptional The inscription bears testimony to her capacities, her achievements in this connec- successful career as a teacher, and her tion, and as a valuable member of the labours in the field of Gaelic music, and also parent Comunn, were truly remarkable. her patriotic work for the comforts of High- And when her last work came to her she land soldiers during the war. took it up with nerves of steel and a heart of gold. The Great War found her not wanting “Lean i gu dliith, ri cliii a sinnsir. ” in her duty to King and country. Every Nearly three years have passed (writes sailor and soldier who fought and bled for “Gleannach’’) since the remains of the late Britain had in her a loving friend. This was Miss Kate Fraser were laid to rest in the a cause to live for, and—to die for. It will family burial-ground in Kilmore Churchyard, never be fully known how earnestly, enthusi- Glen-Urquhart. To-day, among those who astically, unsparingly she 'devoted her time knew her best—and not only here in her and her strength to the service of her native land, but in many other parts of the country. To a heart burning with human world—her memory is still green in their kindness, and stirred to its depths with hearts, and the best possible testimony to patriotic ardour, comfort for our glorious her personality and usefulness is the con- soldiers seemed a quantity of inestimable stantly recurring evidence of the extent to value in the great struggle for victory, and which she has been missed since her she threw herself into this field of heavy lamented death. After a life brimful from labour with all her soul. the activities and experiences that go to the Many a day must pass over us all before formation of the conduct and character we shall see her like again; but the memory which ennoble being, and which here and of a noble and cultured and successful there, as the deadening pressure of material daughter of Gaeldom will flourish for existence allows, touch the compass of the generations: — eternities, she rests now where she would wish to lie—in the earth which treasures the Ged “a thriall i a chadal gu brath ashes of so many dear to her. Gu talla nam bard nach beo. 132 AN DE6-GRfiINE. A’ BHEURLA SHASUNNACH MAR Thug sinn ceum rathad failean nam mue. chi Tigh nam bochd. Bha iad fo chiiram GHNATHAICHEAR I AN ALBAINN Eireannaich d’ am b’ ainm Michael no Mike. MU DHEAS. Bha na mucan cho reamhar ris na roin agus aig an hm bha mbran de uirceanan 6ga anns Le Colman O. Dughaill. na failean. Ars am maighstir-sgoile ri Michael: “Can you tell me, Mike, if young ’Sa bliadhna 1910 chuir P. W. Joyce, pigs of the age of those we see, have got LL.D., T.C.D., leabhar an cl6 teeth?” “Well, that they have for sure, air an d’thug e mar ainm: “English as we and if you don’t belave me, all I can say speak it m Ireland.” ’S e bhi leughadh an is: Put in yer finger and try. ’ ’ leabhair sin a chuir ’nam cheann an Is ainmig a chluinnear bho Ghaidheai t-iomradh so a sgrlobhadh. Oir mhothaich Eireannach facail mar bath agus bathe air mi, mar a chaidh mi air aghaidh le leughadh am fuaimneachadh mar is gnath leis na an leabhair, gu’n robh iomadh ni air an Sasunnaich; ach ’s ann mar so a bhitheas taobh so de Shruth na Maoile a bha a’ iad ’gam fuaimneachadh: bad, beud. Cha’n cbrdadh gu math dlixth ris na bha an eil an cleachdadh so aig na h-Albannaich air Seoigheach a’ cur an c£ill mu dheidhinn an latha ’n duigh, ma bha e riamh aca. gnath bheurla nan Gall agus nan Gaidhea! Ars an t-Eireannach: “I had a hot bat tis Gallda an Eirinn. morning and I remained in it for tirty Tha e ag radh gu’m bheil iomadh facal minutes. What do you tink of tat now?” agus meanbh-radh anns a ’ chainnt Shasunn- ’S e theireadh an Gaidheal Albannach aig aich mar a tha i an Eirinn, a tharmaich anns am bheil Beurla bhriste: “I had a hot bass a’ Ghaidhlig; gu’m bheil cuid eile dhiubh tis morning and I remained in it for serty a bh’ anns an t-sean Bheurla Shasunnaich meenits. Fat do you sink of tat now?” agus an gnkth-bheurla nan Gall Albannach; Ach cha’n eil, cho fad ’s is aithne dhomhsa, agus a bharraehd air sin gu ’n d ’ fhas iomadh aobhar gu bhi saoilsinn gu’n robh an gnath-bhriathar am measg an t-sluaigh an cleachdadh sin riamh aig Albannaich nan Eirinn, dlreach mar a thachras am measg criochan mu dheas. shluaghan eile. 'S e mo run a nochdadh an so gu’m bheil Nis, a thaobh na litreach s. Tha ’n gnath-bheurla nam Gall Albannach anns na t-Eireannach buailteach do bhi ’ga radh criochan a tha eadar Uisge Chluaidh agus an mar so, nuair a thig i, anns a’ fhairge air an taobh shiar, anns a’ cheart Bheurla Shasunnaich, an deidh na litreach shuidheachadh: agus gu’m bheil i a’ i. “He gave me a blow of his fisht. He taisbeanadh gu’n robh cuid dith air a was whishling ‘St. Patrick’s Day.’ cumadh ’s air a dealbh le daoine aig an robh Kilkenny is sickshty miles from this. That a’ Ghaidhlig nuair a thainig a’ Bheurla Shas- is dishmal news.” Cha’n eil an gnaths sin unnach a steach ’san dhthaich. an Albainn idir. Agus ’s e is aobhar da sin, Ann a bhi deanamh so leanaidh mi gu tha mi a’ meas, nach eil fuaim s roimh dluth ri rian leabhar an t-Se6ighich. chomh-fhoghar agus i comh-ionann anns an Anns an dol am mach tha an Seoigheach da mheur de’n Chknain Ghaidhlig. Theirear a’ toirt air lorn nan litrichean t an Albainn sgian, sliabh, srian, sniomh; agus d agus mar a bhitheas a luchd theirear an Eirinn sgian, sliabh, srian, diithcha fein ’gam fuaimneachadh sniomh; a’ deanamh s caol far an dean sinne nuair thig iad roimh an litir r, a leathann e. reir gnkths nan Gaidheal, mar anns na facail Tha an Sedigheach ag rkdh gur e a tha bitter, butter, true, drive, try. ’S e their anns a’ ghnath-chainnt ris an abrar brogue mi f&n daonnan bitter, butter, true, drive, dlreach sean ghnaths nan Sasunnach air a try, contract, trouble, etc., leis an t agus chumail gun truailleadh an Eirinn bho am an d Gaidhealach; agus b’ kbhaist do na riaghladh na Ban-righinn Ealasaid. Agus Goill air fad a bhi ’g radh air na facail ladder is beachd le cuid a smuainich gu beachdaidh agus fodder, leather, agus fother. Ach tha air a’ chhis gu’m bheil brogue nan Eireann- an gn&ths so a’ sioladh as roimh ’n teagasg ach na ’s dluithe do ’n Bheurla a labhair fir a tha ’ga thoirt do’n bigridh anns na ’s a sgrlobh Shakespeare na tha cainnt nan sgoilean. Sasunnach a fhuair foghlum, anns an linn Bha mi fbin, latha bha sud, an cuideachd so. Biodh sin mar a dh’ fhaodas e, cha’n maighstir-sgoile a’ gabhail cuairt air feadh fhaodar sin a radh mu thimcheall gnath- nan aitreabhan a bhuineas do ’n sglre, dh’ chainnt nan Gall Albannach. Ach, gidheadh, fheuch an robh gach ni ceart agus air dbigh. tha iomadh dbigh fuaimneachaidh an AN DEO-GREINE. 133 cainnt nam Gall sin, a tha na’s faisge air an warran ye wull. ” “I don’t believe you t-seann d6igh Shasunnaich na an d6igh iir could walk four miles an hour. 0, don’t a thatar a’ teagasg anns na sgoilean air an you ? I could, then; or five if ye go to that latha ’n duigh; ged tha na teagasgairean— of it. I dinna believe ye could walk four ’s gu h-araidh na ban-theagasgairean—’ga miles an hour. O, dinna ye? I could, togail bho na Sasunnaich. Cba’n abrar an then; or five if ye go tae that o’t.” “Is it Albainn sevare, desaive, tae, mar a theirear cowld outside? Aye is it. Is it cauld out- an Eirinn; ach is minic a cbuala mi consate side? Aye is’t.” “Ah, then, ’tis I that an aite conceit, stake, wake, bate, an kite wouldn’t like to be in that fight! By gum. steak, weak, beat. Arsa Cailin 6g mu it’s me that wadna like to be in that fecht! ’ ’ dheidhinn gille air an robh i fein agus ban- “He hit me with his shtick, so he did. ’ ’ charaid a’ labhairt: “He’s unco consaty Cha chluinnear ach ainmig “so he did” about his moustache. If you jist saw him acasan a tha air teachd gu inmhe duine; in the momin’s at the luckin’-glass. He ach cluinnear gu trie aig a’ chloinn bhig e. first gie’s it a breafast o’ beeswax, and then ’S iomadh uair a chuala mise rudeiginn mar three twirls and a teug at baith ends so: “He flung glaur at me, so he did; and simultauneously as the auld Paisley weaver he filet a’ my daidlie; an’ he hut me forbye, would say. so he did.” Their an t-Eireannach: “He Their an t-Eireannach afeard an kite is a great owld schemer; that’s what he is. ” afraid; ach cha’n ann mar sin a tha am facal Theireadh an t-Albannach: “He’s an aig an Albannach. “I’m feart it’s ga’in tae auld dodger; that’s what he is, an fine I rain. I’m feart he’ll no leeve; he’s unco ken.” “I spoke up to the master and wake in the wow, like Barr’s cat” : wake an showed him he was wrong. I did begob.” kite weak. Cha ruig mi leas wow a mhin- Cha’n abradh an t-Albannach begob; ach eachadh, oir tuigidh an cinneadh-daonnda theagamh gu’n abradh e : “I spak’ up to the air fad eainnt nan cat. maister and let’m see that he was wrang; Tha ’n Sedigheach a’ toirt fainear gu’n I did begore.” deachaidh mdran de na cleachdaidhean Bha am Baile nam breabadair, uair, cainnte a tha am measg nan Ultach an figheadair. B’ anns an km ’san robh Eirinn, a thoirt k Albainn leosan a ghabh soirbheachadh m6r air an fhigheadaireachd, tuineachas anns a’ chdigeadh sin an aim sir a bha sin; agus bha na figheadairean ionann Sheumais a h-aon righ Shasuinn. Ar leam is ’nan daoin-uaisle, le ’n deiseachan dubha fein gu’m bheil a’ ghne guth agus an doigh de’n chib a bu mhlne ’s a bu riomhaiche, fuaimneachaidh a tha aig na h-Ultaich, na agus le ’n eeann-bheairtean sloda. C6 ach Manainnich agus muinntir Ghallobhaigh an iadsan! Maduinn a bha ’n sud bha tighearna Albainn a’ gabhail fada bho ’n ghnk ghuth fearainn a’ gabhail a shrkide air feadh a agus an doigh fuaimneachaidh a tha liosa fkin, agus c6 chunnaic e a’ tighinn coitcheann an Albainn mu dheas, a’ cumail direach air ach duine krd, caol air a am mach Gallobhaigh. Cha taitinn chomhdachadh le deise dhuibh agus kd krd dualchainnt muinntir Bheul-feirsde ri duals de shloda air a cheann, agus e a’ srkidim- Albannaich air chor air bith; b’ fhekrr eachd le ceum stktail air an t-slighe a bha leatha bhi ’g eisdeachd ri cainnt as kite air trebrachadh gu dorus an tigh-mhbir. Nuair bith eile an Eirinn. a bha iad air dluthachadh air a cheile, ars Tha’n Seoigheach ’na leabhar a’ toirt an tighearna-fearainn: “Who are you that iomraidh air iomadh gnkth-bhriathar a tha e takes the liberty of trespassing on my soilleir gu lehr a thkinig as a’ Ghkidhlig So grounds without so much as saying ‘by your mar a h-aon diubh: “If the master didn’t leave’?” “A wivver, begod,” ars am fear give Tim a tongue-dressing, ’tisn’t day yet. eile le spraic, agus ghabh e seachad. Bu ghnkth leis na Gaidheil bhi ag rkdh • Bliadhna no dhk ’na dhbidh sin bha ’n “Ni Ik fds e.” ’S e sin: Cha latha fathast tighearna ceudna a’ srkidimeachd anns a’ e. Agus dh’ aisig iad gus a’ Bheurla cheart kite, nuair c6 chunnaic e a’ tighinn Shasunnaich e le bhi ’g rkdh: ’Tisn’t day am fagus ach duine caol, crom, air eideadh yet. Cha’n eil sin againn an Albainn; ach le deise dhuibh agus aid shioda a bha gu tha iad so againn: “That horse is a math meirgeach ’nan dath. Bha e fein cho splendid animal, and no mistake. That diblidh brebite ’na chom ’s na ghiulan ’s horse is a gran’ beast, and nae mistak’.” gu’n do ghabh an tigheama-fearainn moran “I’ll howld ye I’ll finish that job by one truais dheth. Thainig e air aghaidh le ceum o’clock. I’ll baud ye I’ll finish that job by mall ’s a shuilean ’san Ikr; ach nuair a bha ane o’clock.” “I’ll warrant ye will. Ise e gu bhi aig an tigheama-fearainn, shaoil 134 AN DEO-GREINE. esan gu’m fac e roimhe e; agus thainig e it dae him”—sull mu ’n t-sr6in. Tha an ’na cheann a’ cheart cheist a chur ris a Sedigheach ag Innseadh gu’m b’ kbhaist a chuir e ris an fhigheadair a choinnich e mn bhi guidheadh beannachd air obair air bith dhk no trl bliadhna roimhe sud: “Who are nuair thigteadh ’na Ikthair; agus gur you that takes the liberty of trespassing on cleachdadh air an latha ’n diugh, nuair a my grounds without so much as saying ‘by tha tigh gu bhi criochnaichte, bratach a chur your leave’?’’ Fhreagair an creutair an kird air mar chomharra gu’m bheil an bochd le guth biogach: “Ane o’ God’s puir t-km do ’n t-sealbhadair a bheannachd a weavers.” Thachair gu’n d’ thainig droch ghuidheadh air an obair—’s e sin airgead-6il aimsir air na figheadairean, agus chaidh an a bhronnadh air an luchd-oibre. Tha uaill ’s an spagluinn a thoirt gu Ikr. cleachdadh rudeiginn coltach ris an so am So rkdh eile a chluinnear am bitheantas measg luchd-togail thighean an Albainn. am beul nan Eireannach: “You may well Ach cha’n eil de fhoighidinn aig na say that. ’ ’ An Albainn so mar a tha e : h-Albannaich a leigeas leo bhi feitheamh gus “It’s an awfu’ pity men shouldna keep awa’ an tig crioch air an obair. Feumaidh iad frae that waefu’ thing—drink.” “Ay, ye “foundin’-pint” fhaotainn air an latha a may weel say’t.” “I caught the thafe at bhitheas an stdidh rdidh gu bhi gabhail na my potatoes.” “No, but did ye now?” “I ballachan oirre. cotch the thief at ma tawties.” “Na, but Their an t-E.: “A glass of whishkey did ye na?” Tha an rkdh sin r’a fhaotainn would do us no harm after that”; agus their- am measg nan Ultach gu h-kraidh; ach so eadh an t-A., ’s e fliuchadh a’ bhilean: “A agaibh rkdh a tha r’a chluinntinn anns gach gless o’ whuskey wad dae us nae harm after kite air feadh na h-Eireann: “Oh, man, you thon.” never saw such a fine race as we had. ” Am Is cumanta anns an t-sean Ghkidhlig, measg nan Ultach theirear: “Oh, man ^ ars an Sebigheach, a bhi ag innseadh an rud man, that’s great rain.” An Albainn their a th’ann le bhi ag kicheadh an rud nach eil iad: “Eh, man a man, but that was a ann. Ma’s math mo bheachd tha sin plump. ” Anns a’ Ohaidhealachd their iad : anabarrach cumanta an Gkidhlig an km a “Dhuine, dhuine, nach ann air a tha ’n tha’n Ikthair anns an da’ thir. “Cha’n eil t-astar. ” “Fheara ’s a dhaoine, nach b’ e mi gun amharus ’ ’: Sin briathar a tha gle sud an tekmadh caol. ” An Eirinn theirear: thric ra fhaotainn an sgrlobhaidhean Ollamh “Ah, never fear, there will be plenty flowers Mh6ir na Gkidhlig a bha an Dun-Eideann, in that garden this year. ” “Dinna you fear nach maireann. Nuair is miann le Eireann- (or, never you fear), it’ll be a’ richt when ach a bhi ’g Innseadh gu’m bheil Caitilin I’m dune wi’t. ” “To tell the God’s truth” : sean, ’s e their e: “She’s nae chicken.” tha an rkdh sin eumanta anns an da Agus nuair mhothaichear air duine gu’m dhuthaich. “My hand to you, I’ll never bheil e Ikn uaill gun aobhar math air rest till the job’s finished.” “Ma han’ theirear: “He thinks himsel’ nae sma’ on’t I’ll nae halt till the job’s dune.” drink.” Their Eireannach : “How are your “What would ail me to know my cate- potatoes getting on this year?” Freagraidh chism?” “What wad ail me tae ken my Eireannach eile: “Why, then, they’re not caratches?” “Now, do you know what I’m too good.” Fhreagradh an t-Albannach: going to tell you?” “Noo, dae ye ken what “Nane owre weel, I’m thinkin’.” Thubhairt I’m ga’in tae tell ye?” “Now, listen to brogach am Bail-ath-cliath rium fein: “You what I’m going to say.” “Noo, listen tae wouldn’t have e’er a penny you’d give me, what I’m ga’in tae say.” Tha iad sin sur ? ’ ’ Cha ’n fhaod mi a rkdh gu ’n cuala mi kbhaisteach ’san dk dhuthaich. Albannach ag iarraidh peighinn air a’ mhodh Tha ’n Seoigheach a’ toirt am follais eis- sin; ach is minic a chuala mi a leithid so: impleirean air briathran fkilteach a tha “Ye hinna got a match about ye that ye cumanta an Eirinn, mar e so: “God save could gie’s?” Tha dbigh air leth aig ball- all here. ” Nuair a thig fear-taghail a steach achain na diithcha a tha’m fochair Dhiiin- agus a gheibh e teaghlach ri biadh, their e: eideann. Bha mi fbin agus cuideachd, uair “Much good may it do ye.” Cha’n eil an a bha ’n sud, a’ siubhal an carbad dk each kbhaist sin aithnichte dhdmhsa, agus is eadar Dun-eideann agus Tranent, agus fad beachd learn nach eil i an Albainn; ach tha mile, de’r turus air taobh am mach a’ bhaile ’m briathar air mhaireann; ach ’s ann aig mhdir bha trl no ceithir ballachain a’ ruith amannan eile a chuirear gu feum e. Fhuair ’nar dbidh ’s a’ cur char dhiubh air an Dbmhnull mar dhlleab airgead a bu chbir a lamhan ’s an casan mar gu’m b’ e cuibheall bhi aig Raonall-Theirear: “Meikle guid may a bh’ann. An kite bhi ’g rkdh gu h-umhal: AN DEO-GREINE. 135 “Drop a penny, sirs,’’ dh’ eigh iad aird an every doctor who was so frank with his cinn, gu d&na, ladarna: “Pour out; pour nostrums as to tell what they consisted of. out”—’s e “Poor oot” an doigh air an do It was no quack remedy, nor was there any labhair iadsan e. danger from an overdose. The more they Ars an t-Eireannach: “It’s no joke I can took of it the more they would like it and tell you.” Ars an t-Albannach: “It’s nae the more good would it do them. fun, ye may be sure.” “That wetting did He gave his hearers two warrants : (1) He me no good.” “That wattin’ did me nae warranted them that if they and all High- guid.” Thubhairt Caileag Eireannach r’a landers took enough of his specific the mathair: “Oh, mother, I forgot to bring you language would uve; and (2) if they did not the sugar.” Ehreagair a mkthair: “I take his specific the language would die. It wouldn’t doubt it.” Theireadh mathair is not every doctor who could be so certain Albannach: “I dinna doubt it.” “It’s not in his prognosis. Through all his travels and my wish that you would go to America,” changes of life, he never forsook the “It’s nae wi’ ma wull ye’re ga’in tae language of his brave race. He read it America.” “Where do you keep all your every day of his life as a sacred and pleasant money?” “Oh, indeed, it’s not much I duty, and he found that the specific agreed have.” “Tae tell the God’s truth, it’s no with him. Let them and all Highlanders do meikle I hae.” Gu dearbh cha’n e m6ran the same and the language would not die. a tha agam. Ni mdran a ta agam. “I don’t think much of those horses.” “I dinna <> think meikle of thae horses.” “It does not want much of being full measure.” “It’s THE CADBOLL STONE. no muckle short o’ fu’ measure.” “I never saw anything worse than myself.” “I Much indignation has been expressed ne’er saw ocht waur than mysel’.” “He’s through the public press regarding the not expected to live,” “He’s no expeckit transfer of the Cadboll sculptured stone to tae leeve. ” London, and antiquarian societies through- (To be continued.) out Scotland raised a storm of protest that 0 seems likely to be effective. It is unneces- sary to say anything further of this A SPECIFIC FOR THE GAELIC “treasure” than that it was the property of LANGUAGE. a private gentleman who desired it to be housed in safety in London instead of Edin- At a meeting of “Tir nam Beann Society, burgh, thus depriving Scotland of the honour. held in Edinburgh, Lieut.-Colonel John “The Predominant Partner” failed to realise MacGregor, I.M.S., delivered a lecture on the sense of the fitness of things when it the above subject. accepted the custody of the “treasure.” It He dwelt on the importance of keeping up is said that many valuable books, properly the language, and expressed surprise that speaking belonging to Scotland, are lying the language of such a heroic and romantic covered with dust on the shelves of great people should be allowed to die. Scotland English libraries. How they found their and the British Empire owed much to the way there is not well known. The impover- Highlanders. The very name of Scotland ishing of Scotland by the removal of national was derived from the Highlanders, the Scots treasures began as far back as the reign of of the ancient little kingdom of Dalriada in Edward III., who stripped the country of the West Highlands, from which the present whatever might concern, or fan, the spirit of king was descended, and, if traditions be Scottish independence. Whether protests true, so was the present speaker. After all were raised in those far-off unhappy times or the wrongs and proscriptions of the ages, he not may be left to conjecture. In any case, still carried on his crest the crown of that Edward was not the man to pay any atten- ancient little kingdom that developed into tion to them. The Cadboll Stone is now modern Scotland, and he valued it more than housed in the Edinburgh Museum. All is almost any other honour that could be con- ferred upon him. well that ends well. This specific for the Gaelic language was very simple. It consisted of only three ingredients, namely, reading, writing, and, A bhith gu dkna modhail, sin lagh na above all, speaking the language. It was not ciiirte. 136 AN DEO-GREINE. LEAVING CERTIFICATE Chuir gach Ikmh mar bu deise Buill de’n chbrcaich bu treise EXAMINATION, 1921. Ri barr nan crann seasmhach Ri leathtaobh gach brbid; GAELIC (HIGHER GRADE)—FIRST PAPER. Is i ag imeachd air chuantan, The whole of this paper should be An uair dh’ birich gaoth tuath le answered. The value attached to each B’ainmeil air luathas i question is shown in brackets after the Is i gluasad gu reidh. question. TIGHINN a’ PHRIONNSA. (b) Is bibhinn learn fhbin, tha e tighinn, 1. Translate into English : — mac an righ dhlighich tha bhuainn; BIRLINN CHLANN RAGHNAILL. slios mbr rioghail do’n tig armachd, Tha an t-6ran prlseil iongantach so claideamh is targaid nan dual. t6iseachadh le bhith guidhe air Bia Birlinn mh6r Chlann Raghnaill a bheannachadh; Samhuil an Fhaoillich a choltas, gach rop, se61 is acair tha ’na broinn; fuaradh froise is fadadh-cruaidh; beannachd cuideachd air airm nan laoch a lann thana ’na Ikimh gu cosgairt, tha dol g’a h-iomradh. Dluth-leantuinn orra sgoltadh chorp mar choirc air cluain. so, ann am briathran ait, geur, tha an gairm Torman do phloba is do bhrataich am bata a thoirt gu kite, seblaidh, ckradh chuireadh spiorad bras ’san t-sluagh; nan sia treun-fhir dheug ’nan kite ’san dh’bireadh ar n-krdan ’s ar n-aigne, iubhraich, fear-iuil, fear stiiiraidh is caochla is chuirte air a’ phrasan ruaig. dleasnasan mara. Cha luaithe dh’ fhkg an Gur mairg do ’n bideadh ’san Ik sin iubhrach cladach Uibhist na bhris an stoirm cbta grknd’ de’n mhkdar ruadh, a b’ uamhasaiche, na tuinn a’ dol thar a ad bhileach dhubh is “cocad” innt: cheile lei's a’ ghaillinn, agus an fhairg a’ sgoiltear 1 mar chkl mu’n cluais. (40) bagradh an slugadh suas; beucail is glaodhaich uilebhiastan aigein an slugadh 3. Describe the metre oi either of the suas; beucail is glaodhaich uilebhiastan above two pieces. (10) aigein a’ chuain d’an giiilan air a’ ghaoith. 4. (a) Translate the following into English, Le basan fuilteach, shabadaich na suinn air or express it exactly in your own words in adhart, a’ mhuir-bhkite ag eirigh gu Scottish Gaelic prose : ■—- h-eagalach mu’n cuairt, ach bha na gaisgich MOLADH AIR OIGHRE MHICLEOID DHUN gun uamhann. BHEAGA1N. An cogadh a’ dol air adhart a h-uile ceum de’n t-slighe, bhuail iad Tir-m6r gu skbhailt Diombach mb de’n ghaoith a deas mu dheireadh. Tha spiorad a’ bhkird anns o nach leigeann (1) a steach Eoin, an bran so cho curanta, debthasach, agus is f ar n-a bhreith a mach cho loisgeanta ’s nach ’eil fearalas bkird ar dtoidheacht (2) damh go MacLeoid ainmeil na Greige fhbin ’ga chur air chul. Mac Sebnaide na sebl geal An so ma tha e an kite air bith, tha Dk mbadh k leis teacht ar chuan, cuimhneachan aig na Gkidheil ciod b an (3)nocha n(3)-fhasdadh gaoth a deas dlomhaireachd a tha ag cadal ’nan cknain; Eoin mac Uilleam na n-each luath. an so tha foillseachadh air am bith bkrdail Ag so an tuairisgeal thug ckch a bha ag iadhadh an anam Mine Mhaighistir ar mac Uilleam 6 chlkr Sgi: Alasdair. -— (25) gille dionach dbidgheal deas, fear nach baradh neach mu ni. 2. Translate into English : — Fear faoilteach nach folchann (4) seoid NA SEOID BHREATUNNACH. tuairisgeal Eoin na n-arm gbar, (a) Buaidh gu brkth air na fleasgaich fear thbid san tachar ar tiis Fhuair an krach am Breatuinn, fear le’r chuireadh a chlii a gebin. Chaidh air skil a chionn greis uainn Mac Uilleam dk ndkiltear miodh (5) Dhol am freasdal ri feum: mac Sebnaide ar sliocht an riogh: An loingeas Ikidir thug leis iad dk geluininn a theacht a tuaith Nach skraicheadh beagan, do bhiodh mo ghruaim ar ndol diom. Muir ag gkirich ’gan greasadh (1) .i. 0 nach leig i. (2) .i. Air tighinn, air teachd. Is i freagradh dhoibh fbin. (3) .i. Cha’n. (4) .i. Nach foluich. (5) .i. Lionn. AN DEO-GREINE. 137 (b) Distinguish “ar n-” and “ar”; (c) Is duilich do mhnaoi beanas-tighe “da n-’’ and “d&.” Write in Irish Gaelic: Dheanamh air na fraighibh fasa. —The heads of the ravens; the end of the (d) Ciamar tha do bhrathair ? Ged a wars; if I were to see you. (25) bhiodh e na b’fhearr cha b’fhuilear GAELIC (HIGHER GRADE)—SECOND PAPER. dha. (7) DICTATION. This paper must not be seen by any SECTION II. candidate. To be read out by the teacher Three questions should be attempted from at 2 p.m. in the presence of the supervising this section. Note that questions 9a and 9b officer. are alternatives, and are not both to be EIRIGH NA GREINE. done. The answers may be either in Gaelic Cha’n’eil aon sealladh eile air aghaidh an or in English. t-saoghail gu Idir as aillidhe na eirigh na greine! Tha bristeadh na h-6g-mhaidne a’ 4. From what you know of the works of leigeil ris duinn cruthachadh hr; thug Mairi nighean Alasdair Ruaidh and of Iain dorchadas na h-oidhche air falbh o’n Lorn, give your idea of the scope and outlook t-sealladh an talamh a bhos agus na speuran (sort of subjects and manner of treating shuas, ach air pilleadh na maidne tha sinn them) of Gaelic poetry of the seventeenth a’ leirsinn naduir gu l&r mar gum biodh e century. (12) air ath-nuadhachadh le sg&mh dhreach- mhor. 5. Give an account of the life and works Ann an camhanaich na maidne tha nial of any Gaelic author belonging to your own liathghorm nan speur ag atharrachadh; district or county. (12) chitear rudhadh fann a’ dusgadh ’san bird an ear, tha na reultan a’ teicheadh As an 6. Mention any Gaelic poems you know t-sealladh, agus a’ folach an cinn; tha which are composed upon or addressed to ailleachd 6r-bhuidhe a’ direadh nan speur animals. Name the authors, and give an uidh air n-uidh a’ toirt rabhaidh gu bheil a’ account of one of the poems. (12) ghrian a’ tighinn. (10) 7. (a) Fhuair mi naidheachd ro mhaith leam Air Coirnealair Ailean, SECTION I. D’an duthchas an t-Earrachd All the questions in this Section should, if O chionn tamuill is cian. possible, be answered. (b) Albainn krsaidh, is fathunn brbin 1. Write in Gaelic at considerable length Gach aon muir-bhkit’ tha b&rcadh upon the idea in any one of the following oirnn, proverbs:— T ’oighre rioghail bhith ’san R6imh Cha d’thainig traigh gun mhuir-lan ’na Tirte an caol chist llomhta bhbrd. dAidh. Is maith an sghthan siiil caraid. Explain precisely the references in these Is treise tuath na tigheama. (40) verses. Who wrote the second quatrain? (12) 2. Turn into idiomatic Gaelic: — 8. Illustrate the survival of the dual (a) I will give you this horse for £15. number in Gaelic by giving the Gaelic for: — (b) A stream, however swift, will not (a) The two feet; the soles of my two feet; keep me back. on the two feet. (b) The two horses; the (c) If you were in Inverness, you heads of the two horses; to the two would see that sort of thing every horses. (12) fortnight. Either, (d) If the soldiers had done their duty, 9a. What do you know of old family life the enemy would not have escaped among the Gael of Scotland, and especially as they did. (7) (a) of the function of the “Clarsair” and “Seanchaidh” and (b) of home industries? 3. Turn into idiomatic English : — Or, (a) High nan did a chur do chabhlaich Oimn thar s&il le luas. 9b. What do you know of the literary and (b) Fear d’a fheabhas is fann a chor other connection between Ireland and Is chnain a bhith d’a easbhuidh. Scotland? (12) 138 AN DEO-GREINE. HIGHLAND HOME INDUSTRIES. “Cloch na cinneamhain.’’ The Scots have preserved the following oracular verse: — At the annual general meeting of the Co- “Cinnidh Scuit saor am fine, operative Council of Highland Home Mur breug am faistine; Industries, recently held in Edinburgh, the Far am faighear an lia-fail, Lady Marjory Mackenzie, C.B.E., presided. Dlighe flaitheas do ghabhail. ” The Hon. Treasurer reported that during 1920 the sales of Highland home industries Wyntoun gives the following old couplet: — exceeded the sales of 1919 by £4000. Goods “Ni fallat fatum, Scoti, quocunque locatum to the value of £10,185 were purchased from Invenient lapidem, regnare tenentur workers during 1920. A new depot was ibidem, ’ ’ opened at Strathpeffer, where the Council took over the work which for many years had which Bellenden (a noted scholar who lived been carried on by the Dowager Lady early in the 16th century renders: — Mackenzie of Gairloch. Under the manage- “The Scottish sail bruke that realme, as ment of Miss Sutherland the sales amounted natyve ground to £1487 in the year under review, and the (Geif weirdis fayll nocht) quhair this chiar business will again be carried on during the is found.’’ current year. It was also reported there was An English poet has thus rendered it: a growing sale to the United States of “Consider, Scot, where’er you find this America, chiefly to private customers. The stone, manager, Miss Bruce, was sent on a tour If fates fail not, there fixt must be your through part of the Outer Islands last throne. ” summer to advise the workers how to The office of placing the king on this stone, improve their goods. This tour has proved says Logan, was the hereditary right of the of great utility, and will be repeated this Earls of Fife. It is remarkable that it was year to other townships. the ancient custom in Denmark to crown the A stall will be held at the Highland and kings sitting on a stone. According to Agricultural Show at Stirling in July for Skene, the stone is an oblong block of red tweed, yarn, baskets, knitted goods, and sandstone 26 inches long by 16 inches broad other Highland home industries, and a sale and 10£ deep. It was said to have been the will take place at Windygates, North stone which Jacob used as a pillow at Berwick, by the kindness of Mrs. Esson, in Bethel! It is associated with a good deal September next. of legend, but reliable history begins with it The following were elected office-bearers only at Scone. Wyntoun, says Dr. Mitchell, for 1921:—President, The Marchioness of associates it with Iona, and speaks of its Bute, D.B.E.; Vice-Presidents, The Presi- “transference to Scone, while all the later dent of An Comunn Gaidhealach, Lady chroniclers agree that the stone was finally Marjory Mackenzie, C.B.E., and Hon. Mrs. transferred to Scone by Kenneth MacAlpin, Stirling of Keir, O.B.E.; Hon. Treasurer, when he united the Piets and Scots under Sir Kenneth Mackenzie, Bart., of Gairloch; one sovereignty.’’ At Scone the Stone of Hon. Secretary, Miss Campbell of Invemeill, Destiny remained till 1296, when Edward Ardrishaig, Argyll. the first of England carried it to West- minster, where it now lies. Some writers 0 say that, by the Treaty of Northampton, in 1328, it was arranged to return it to Scot- THE LI A FAIL. land. Other writers differ. The Lia Fail, or Stone of Destiny, has been associated with the kingdom of the THE CORONATION CEREMONY AT SCONE. Scots from very early times—probably as It is from the writings of Walter Bower far back as the reign of Kenneth. According (1385-1449), abbot of Inchcolm, on the Firth to Fordun, “it was reverently kept at Scone of Forth, that we get some idea of the for the consecration of the kings of Alban, coronation ceremony at Scone of Alexander and no king was ever wont to reign in III., then a lad of eight years of age. He Scotland unless he had first, on receiving the tells us, says Dr. Mitchell, that Walter royal name, sat upon the Stone at Scone, Comyn, Earl of Menteith, Malcolm, Earl of which by the kings of old had been appointed Fife, and Malise, Earl of Stratheme, and all the capital of Alban.’’ The Irish called it the clergy, “joined unto them some earls and AN DEO-GREINF. a great many other nobles, led Alexander, THE MILITARY INFLUENCE. soon to be their king, up to the cross which The doctor had some pretty hard things stands in the church. Here they placed him to say about the way that the military has upon the celebrated coronation stone, and altered the traditional Highland dress. consecrated him king.” Then, having “What really killed the Highland dress, ” he received the homage of the feudal barons, said, ‘ ‘was the military. The military High- who had laid their robes of state before the land dress of the present day is entirely Stone of Destiny, and bowed the knee to wrong. You never see a gentleman who the child king, there advanced an aged knows about the thing wearing a Highland Highland Sennachie of reverent mien, with military dress—the idea of which is cheap- flowing snowy beard, and clad in scarlet ness. If you have not a clan tartan, for cloak, who, kneeling before the stone, hailed heaven’s sake do not have a kilt. (Laughter.) him as “Ri Alban,” conferring his benedic- The Argyll and Sutherland Regiment has a tion upon him, and reciting in Gaelic row of tnings about them which you would (materna lingua) the traditional genealogy of think was set up for a horse at a show. the young king—‘‘Benachte Re Albanne Those things were not in the Highland Alexander, Mac Alexander, Mac Yleiham, dress.” Mac Henri, Mac David, etc. (Mitchell’s A PROCESS OF EVOLUTION. ‘‘History of Gaelic Scotland”). Dr. Macgillivray referred to the ancient Dr. Mitchell adds further that ‘‘three and romantic history of the dress, mention- languages were employed in Scotland. The ing, by the way, that it was a Duke ol earlier portion of the coronation ceremony Montrose who was instrumental in abolish- was conducted in Norman French, which was ing the proscriptive Act passed after the ’45. the language of the Court. Then there was He did not agree that people should wear the language of the Sennachie—the Gaelic the dress of 300 years ago a la Theodore language—which was then known as Scot- Napier. The kilt had gone through a process tish, while in Southern Scotland there was of evolution like other modes of dress, the Anglo-Saxon tongue, which was spoken although during the Victorian age Highland of as ‘‘quaint Inglis.” Gradually Norman ornamentation had been thrown back to its French died out, and was replaced by the worst stage. He gave piquant illustrations “quaint Inglis,” which ere long so estab- of how the old “blanket” kilt was made and lished itself that it became known as worn, and traced the development to the “Scottish,” while the Gaelic, the original philabeg, the now accepted form of dress. “Scottish,” became confined to the moun- Interesting details as regards ornamentation tainous districts and Galloway.”—Mitchell, for ordinary and dress wear were also given. p. 250. “A gentleman,” he said, “should not be 0 gaudily dressed. If you have a piper, put everything on him you can, and he will be THE KILT. pleased.” 0 In that bright column of the “Northern Chronicle” headed “News and Views, ” Tri coilceadha na Feinne barr gheal “Pluma” takes note of remarks made by Dr. chrann, coinneach, is hr luachair. Macgillivray regarding the kilt. The Doctor 0- is the chief of the Dundee Highland Society, and, according to “Pluma,” he uttered some No toir breith a reir coltais; faodaidh ‘‘home truths” on the subject. He strongly cridhe beairteach a bhi fo chbta bochd. objected to the word “kilt” as descriptive of the Highland dress, maintaining that the word was of Lowland origin, and had noth- Na earb thu fein ri graisg. ing to do with the attire. And, in an out- burst of enthusiasm, he said: “I am an old 0 Jacobite through and through, and I will not Bha sean bhanaltrum aig Righ Seumas I., have anything that fought against me at agus ghuidh i air ag rhdh; “O ! a Righ, dean Culloden. I won’t wear it or have it.” mo mhac-sa ’na dhuin’ uasal.” “Cha dean, This was in reference to the modem plaid, cha dean,” deir an Righ, “ma thogras tu which, he declared, was a purely military ni mi tighearna dheth, ach tha duin’-uasal thing. a dheanamh dheth os cionn mochumhachd.” 140 AN DEO-GKEINE. PROPAGANDA TOUR. The same evening a meeting of the Loch- gilphead Branch was addressed. Mrs. Brown, vice-president, occupied the chair, The President, Eev. G. W. MacKay, and and among those who spoke at the meeting Mr. Neil Shaw, Organising Secretary, have were Rev. Dr. MacLennan (Edinburgh), just completed an extensive tour in Nether Rev. A. C. Robertson, Rev. Malcolm Lorn, Mid Argyll, and Kintyre. MacLeod, and Mr. William Campbell On Monday, 2nd May, the first meeting (Glasgow). Several Gaelic songs were sung, was held in the Sehoolhouse, Easdale—Rev. and a very pleasant meeting closed. William MacPhail presiding. There was a Ardrishaig was visited on Friday evening, fair attendance, and the branch was resusci- and a gratifying number gathered in the tated and office-bearers appointed. When Public Hall. Mr. Archd. Campbell, who the business of the evening was concluded, carried out the local arrangements, presided. Gaelic songs were sung by two local ladies Long and interesting addresses by Rev. Mr. and by Mr. Shaw. MacKay and Mr. Shaw were listened to At Kilninver on the following evening a attentively. Mr. Duncan Strang, O.B.E.. small meeting was addressed in the School- Rev. J. P. Glen, and Rev. Eran M. Camp- house and a branch was formed. Miss bell also spoke. It was agreed to resuscitate MacGregor, teacher, is keenly interested, the branch, and office-bearers were and will, as president of the branch, carry appointed. Colonel Campbell of Invemeill, through a session of interest and instruction. O.B.E., is hon. president. On the same evening a meeting was held One of the most interesting meetings of in the Hall, Kilmelford, kindly lent for the the tour was that held at Tagrallich on occasion by Miss MacNeill of Glenmore. Saturday evening. The Chairman was Mr. The Rev. Alasdair Campbell carried out all Hugh Livingston, Dounie, and in fluent the local arrangements, and hospitably Gaelic welcomed the officials of An Comunn entertained the President and Secretary, to Tagrallich. The President and Secretary both of whom remained at the Manse over- addressed the meeting at some length in night. The gathering was not large, but Gaelic, and thereafter the branch was re- was representative, and a branch was formed and office-bearers appointed. The formed, with Rev. Alasdair Campbell as proceedings were conducted entirely in president. Gaelic. A number of Gaelic songs were On Wednesday, in Ardfem School, sung at the close of the meeting. Craignish, there was a gratifying attendance Mr. MacKay was the guest of Rev. A. C. considering the early hour and the pressure Robertson at Lochgilphead during the week- of farm work. Mr. Alex. MacLarty, Hill- end, and preached twice in the Parish park, was in the chair, and introduced the Church on Sunday. Mr. Shaw remained speakers in Gaelic. The meeting was most with friends at Ardnachaig, near enthusiastic, and the branch was re-formed Tagrallaich. and office-bearers appointed with business- The journey from Ardrishaig to Ormsary like precision. Later in the evening Mr. was by mail car. Colonel Campbell of MacKay and Mr. Shaw addressed a large Kilberry took the keenest interest in the visit meeting of the Kilmartin Branch. The of the officials, and sent his car to Ormsary local Committee arranged a Ceilidh, and a to meet them. They were his guests at most pleasant evening of music, song, and Kilberry Castle, and enjoyed their stay speech was spent. Rev. Hector Cameron thoroughly. The view from the Castle presided with his usual geniality and tact, grounds on Tuesday morning was exquisite, and those who contributed to the programme and the atmosphere was beautifully clear. were Miss J. M. B. Currie (Ford), Miss Arran, Mull of Cantire, Antrim, Islay, Jura, Gillies, Mr. Lachlan Cameron, Mr. Archi- Scarba, and the high mountains of Mull bald MacArthur, and Mr. Shaw. Mr. formed a delightful panorama, and one could Lachlan MacLean gave stirring selections on picture in one’s mind the saintly Calum the bagpipes. Cille with his faithful followers plying their On Thursday a pleasant afternoon was coracle across the North Channel. spent in the Manse of Glassary. The Rev The meeting on Monday evening was well Alex. MacDonald will resuscitate the branch attended. Kilberry took the chair, and his there and resume the classes which were so piper opened the proceedings. Addresses successful prior to the war. were given in Gaelic and English, and a AN DEO-GKEINE. 141 number of Gaelic songs were sung. It was there by the Eev. Norman MacKenzie, who unanimously agreed to form a branch, and has conducted Gaelic classes for two succes- office-bearers are to be appointed at next sive sessions. The Campbeltown Branch meeting. promises well, and we may expect good The next meeting was at Tarbert, and results from the efforts of those appointed to Kilberry very kindly had his guests con- the various offices. veyed there in his car. Eev. D. M. Logan Two very pleasant evenings were spent made arrangements, and although the meet- with Sheriff and Mrs. MacMaster Campbell ing was small, the branch was re-formed. in their house, where old friends met and Eev. Eoderick MacLeod, Free Church, will new friends were made. assist Mr. Logan in carrying out classes during the winter, and it is hoped that a few Mr. MacKay preached in the Highland Ceilidhs will be held. Parish on Sunday afternoon. A meeting was called for Whitehouse at 6.45 on Wednesday evening, and notwith- standing the early hour a fair number turned EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. out. Miss Turner of Kilchamaig was in the chair, and after short addresses it was decided to resume the meetings of the A meeting of the Executive Council of An branch next winter. Miss Livingston, who Comunn was held in the Waverley Hotel, did such good work in Ehunahaorine, is now Inverness, on 20th May. The President, teaching in Whitehouse, and is secretary of Eev. G. W. MacKay, Killin, presided, and the branch. there were also present:—Dr. William Miss Turner sent her car with the officials MacKay, Inverness; Alister MacDonald, to Clachan, where a large gathering met in Do.; Eoderick MacLeod, Do.; John the Schoolhouse. Eev. A. Anderson made MacKintosh, Do.; Eev. John MacLachlan, all the arrangements, and the meeting was Lochcarron; John N. MacLeod, Knockbain; in every way a success. The branch was H. F. Campbell, Aberdeen; Alex. Fraser, resuscitated, and good meetings are likely to Dalmuir; Angus Eobertson, Glasgow; and result from the revival. Mr. Campbell, Neil Shaw, Secretary. headmaster, teaches Gaelic singing in the Apologies were intimated from several school, and the scholars gave a pleasing members. rendering of these when the school was The Chairman referred to the loss An visited next day. Mr. MacKay and Mr. Comunn had sustained by the death of ex- Shaw were the guests of Mr. and Miss Provost MacFarlan, Dumbarton, who had Anderson at the Manse. been many years convener of the Finance Under the chairmanship of Eev. D. J. Committee. MacDonald, Killean, a splendid meeting was held in Cleit School on Thursday even- The munificent bequest of £1000 for the ing. This branch, like so many others, fell special use of the Mod was also referred to, in abeyance during the war, but it is now and it was agreed to record the warm resuscitated, and the regular meetings are appreciation of An Comunn. to be resumed. Both teachers, Ehuna- The Oban Mod accounts show a credit haorine and Cleit, are Gaelic-speaking, and balance of £74, which was considered attended the vacation class in Glasgow. highly satisfactory. The officials were the guests of Mr. and Mrs. MacDonald at the Manse. EDUCATION COMMITTEE. On Friday evening, 13th May, the con- Chief interest centred in the report of the cluding meeting of the tour was held in the Education Committee. The Secretary was Town Hall, Campbeltown. Sheriff Mac- instructed to draw the attention of the Master Campbell, who presided, said this Directors of Education in Perth and Bute was the first meeting held in the old capital to the Glasgow and Inverness Gaelic Vaca- of Dalriada for the purpose of stimulating tion Classes. interest in Gaelic. There was an attend- The adoption of the minutes was moved ance of 30 people, all keenly interested, and by Mr. H. F. Campbell, Convener, who at the close of the customary addresses a said the Education Committee was just feel- branch was formed and office-bearers were ing its way, and was doing its best to secure elected. Much good work has been done all advantages. He thought the suggestion 142 AN DEO-GKEINE. by one of the members to institute a fund MacEachen’s Gaelic Dictionary. It was for the purpose of encouraging teachers of pointed out that there was urgent need for Gaelic a very excellent one, and they were an edition of this kind. The book would bo indebted to Mr. Angus Robertson for his revised by a competent authority, and pub- offer of £20 towards the fund so that they lished by the Northern Counties Newspaper might recognise the work of the teacher in and Publishing Co., Inverness. The minute a substantial way. It would possibly be a was adopted. struggle to secure the recognition of the MOD AND MUSIC COMMITTEE. Education Authorities for the teaching of The minutes of two meeting of the Mod Gaelic for many reasons, one being the com- and Music Committee were read and plexity of time-tables. approved. Three new solo competitions are Dr. MacKay testified to the excellent to be added to the syllabus, viz., “Ceithear results of last year’s classes. Many teachers, lainean na h-Alba ” (prizes presented by who knew only a little Gaelic, were most Lt.-Col. MacRae-Gilstrap of Eilean Donan), anxious to be trained, ladies especially. The Mull or Iona Song (prizes presented by the Inverness Education Authority was entirely Glasgow Mull and Iona Association), and an at one with them in their efforts to promote Uist or Barra Song (prizes presented by the the teaching of the most ancient language Glasgow Uist and Barra Association). An in existence to-day. essay prize of £10 is offered by Mrs. Stewart, Mr. Angus Robertson asked what was to Simla, the subject being “The history of the be done in the case of teachers—^head- Gaelic language and of early Celtic culture masters—who, in Gaelic speaking areas, in Scotland prior to 1600.” Mrs. Stewart were entirely unsympathetic to the teaching repeats her special prize for teachers whose or even the singing of the language. pupils gain the highest aggregate marks in Mr. John N. MacLeod said he had tried competitions 1 to 4. to do what he could for twenty years, but it In view of the frequent abuse of the term, was uphill work, partly owing to the unsym- “Mod Medallist,” the Committee thought it pathetic attitude of the teachers, but almost advisable for the Executive Council to issue more so from the unsympathetic attitude of a minute or circular in which they state their the parents. The sad thing was that so strong disapproval of the action of secre- many Gaelic-speaking teachers were taries and promoters of Highland concerts in employed in Glasgow and the South instead permitting advertisements to appear in of in the Highlands. which singers who have not won the gold Speaking as a member of the Education medal, but some minor distinction, are Authority, Mr. Roderick MacLeod said they described as Mod Medallists. This, natur- were mere automata in the hands of the ally, is discouraging to the gold medallists. Department. In Sutherland recently he Secretaries should be careful to insert found that Gaelic was in the ascendant. correct designations in advertisements and Very excellent work was being done there bills in all cases. on the literary and musical sides. A list of judges for the various sections Mr. Alister MacDonald hoped the Execu- was submitted, and it was reported that Mr. tive would consider well in case some of H. S. Roberton, Glasgow, was to be the their activities should overlap. He was chief musical judge. The old Psalm tune, afraid that much of the teaching of Gaelic “French,” will be sung by the combined in the schools lapsed when pupils moved choirs at the grand concert. away from their homes and went abroad, It was agreed to affiliate with the Celtic and he thought something might be done in Congress, and delegates were nominated to the way of providing further teaching after attend the meeting of Congress at Douglas, school days are over. And further, teachers I. O.M., in July. Those nominated are Rev. would have to be trained with all expedi- G. W. MacKay, President; H. F. Campbell ency. They could not expect to Galhcise and Angus Robertson, Vice-Presidents; the South, but if they kept the language Miss Campbell of Inverneill; Mrs. Burnley alive among their own people in the North Campbell of Ormidah; Professor and Mrs. it would do well. Watson, Dr. George Calder, Rev. Dr. MacLennan, Messrs Alex. Fraser, Malcolm PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. Macleod, Roderick Macleod, and Neil Shaw, The minute of Publication Committee Secretary. recommended that financial support be At the close of the proceedings the given for the issue of a cheap edition of members were entertained by the local AN DEO ORNINE. 143 branch of An Comunn, of which Mr. Alister MacDonald is president. AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. The extraordinary meeting will be held at Stirling on Friday, 1st July. NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. John A.MaoCormick, Macphail, Esq.,Esq., Glasgow.Bellanoch. SCOTLAND’S PHYSICAL Rev.Robert Alex. Gillies, MacDonald, Esq., Ardrishaig. M.A., Glassary. DISABILITIES. DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD. Speaking in the House of Commons on Previously acknowledged, £89 17 6 the 26th of May on the Railways Bill, Sir Paisley Highrs. Association, 10 0 0 H. Mackinder, M.P, for Camlachie, made LewisProceeds and fromHarris Colonsay Association, Concert, per Mr. 5 0 0 the following interesting remarks on the Neil MacPhee 3 13 0 above subject: — Uist and Barra Association, 3 3 0 When they considered the case of Scot- W. G. Burn-Murdoch, Esq., 2 2 0 land, it was a country which physically MajorMiss M. and B. Mrs Turner, Ian Stewart, of Fasnacloidh, 12 110 60 suffered under great disabilities. One-half Donald Mackay, Esq., 1 1 0 of Scotland contained a population of A. N. MacAulay, Esq., D.L., 110 300,000 only, and that half was larger in area Finlay M. Ross, Esq., 0 10 0 than the whole of the six northern counties JohnMiss M.Cameron, MacLeod Esq., Clerk, 0 5 0 of England, which contained a population Miss Frances Tolmie, 0 5 0 of 11,000,000. Was it not ridiculous to Mrs J. Mackintosh, 0 5 0 compare railway conditions in these two John Mackay, Esq., 050 areas? Three-quarters of the population of DonaldMiss J. MacGregor,Campbell, Esq., 0050 2 6 Scotland was contained in one little strip measuring not more than one-tenth of the £121 11 6 whole area. That strip was penetrated by <> deep arms of the sea, so that there was com- petition by coast craft which limited the REVIEWS. railway rates that could be charged. But the railways in the other nine-tenths of the HIGHLAND PLACE NAMES. country, though they had to be carried so far “Highland Place Names,” a book by the late Dr. as earning power was concerned by the rail- Alexander MacBain, is nearing publication by Mr. ways of the one-tenth, were of great national Eneas MacKay, Stirling. The book deals with the and Imperial importance. During the war names of Sutherland, Skye, Lochaber, Badenoch, it was precisely the railways in the sparsely editedLochalsh, by Professorand the Hebrides. Watson of Thethe Chairwork hasof Celticbeen populated Highlands which played a critical Languages and Literature, Edinburgh, himself the part in the maintenance of the position of author of a book on the place names of Ross and this country and of the Allies. They were Cromarty, and now acknowledged to be the most the railways on which the Grand Fleet was competent authority, living, on the subject. based. Every night there left London a <>- naval express with naval officers and per- sonnel in order that the shortest possible Gur mairg a bheir geill passage might be afforded between the Do’n t-saoghal gu leir Imperial centre and the great Fleet. It was ’S trie a chaochail e cheum gabhaidh. no exaggeration to say that the railways of Scotland enabled us to win by outflanking ❖ U-boats in the North Sea. The dockyard at Codal dhomhs’ air tulaich uaine Invergordon was absolutely dependent not Air taobh traghad ri la luaine. only for supplies but for defence on these railways. The supplies of timber from the 0 Highlands were carried sputh by the Scottish Eireachdas mnathan Loeh-Obha, am railways, so that the coal could be mined to breid odhar a thionndadh. supply the Fleet. When we were short of food, when the East Coast was unsafe, we were able to bring fish into the country from THE LATEST PATTERNS in Hand-woven the open sea, and the coal for the drifters Tweeds, Real Harris, St. Kilda, West Highland, had to be carried overland by the Scottish etc., can be had Free from J. S. MALCOLM & railways. BINGHAM,Glasgow. Charing Cross (next Grand Hotel), 144 AN DEO-GREINE. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 12/6 net. Postage 7d. The Shop for Gaelic Books. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English SongsPrice Postage Henrywith Translations Whyte “ Fionn,” & Gaelic now Readings,ready, cloth by 7/6 6d HIGHLAND Bardings Bharabhais, of Donald HumorousMacdonald, Songs Barvas, and Read-limp 2/3 3d RECONSTRUCTION SgeulaicheGaelic Self-Taught, nan Caol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d A survey of the problems—Administrative, forciation Beginners, invaluable with toan Learners, imitated complete,pronoun- station,Economic, Fisheries,and Social—Land Industries, Settlement, Water Power,Affore- AnSet Roearnach, of 8 parts ain galaxywrapper, of the - best - modern 2/3 3d suggestionHousing, Transport,of what is andnecessary Education—with in the way ofa BardachdGaelic authors,Leodhais, 2Lewis volumes Bards, ready, now ready,each 10/-7/6 9d theReconstruction. 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Bardachd Ghaidhlig, Selected Gaelic Poetry, 3/6 6d AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choiceBhruis Gaelican Eirinn, Essays, - 1/-1/3 3d ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, AuraiceptMinstrelsy naof n’eces,the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder, & Eng., - 12/6 5/- 1/-6d Publishers and Booksellers, Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d 360-362 ARGYLE STREET, GLASGOW. GaelicAH BiblesPost Orders and mustTestaments include sufficientat all prices,for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street. GLASGOW.

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Tha na h-uiread an Etiquette of the Gae], 147 Albainn de’n bheachd gu bheil tairbhe mhor Fas Gniomhachais na Gaidhealtachd, . . 148 fillte ann an suidheachadh a bheir dhaibh From the Fernaig Manuscript, 152 cothrom a bhi a’ comhnuidh fo ’n chann-fige From the Book of the Dean of Lismore, ... 153 fdin. Math dh’fhaoidte gu bheil; is ann Review, 153 aca-san as fekrr tha fios. Gidheadh tha Caisteal A’ Ghlinne, 154 cuid eile de’n bheachd nach e gabhaltais April Classes at Inverness, 155 bheaga a mhain a bheir an cinneas as tarbh- Some Interesting Associations of a Pioneer aiche air a’ Ghaidhealtachd an diugh, a Celtic Society 156 chionn gu bheil linn nuadh air toiseachadh, Secretary’s Notes, 159 agus gun d’atharraich daoine an seann se61- nochdaidh. Chan ’eil facal agam r’a rkdh an aghaidh gabhaltais bheaga far am freagair iad. Ach tha tuilleadh a dhlth air a’ LEAS NA GAIDHEALTACHD. Ghkidhealtachd a chum a cur anns an Bha am ann, agus chan fhada bho sin, t-suidheachadh a bhios coimh-ionann ri anns nach robh m6ran umhail air a toirt do’n cekrnan eile a thaobh crannchur. Ghaidhealtachd saor o fhrlthean fhiadh, agus Tha saibhreas nach beag ceangailte ri aibhnichean s&nraichte far am biodh am iasgachd. Nan rachadh aig na h-iasgairean bradan tarra-gheal ’ga chluich fein gus an ar se61 fhaotainn gu am bathar a chur gu tigeadh a namhaid le slat-iasgaich ghrinn, is margadh ’na km, bu mhor an leas sin. Ach le cuileag mheallta air an dubhan, a chum a mar tha suidheachadh na diithcha an diugh, bhuaireadh gu gl&madh a thoirt oirre. Is chan ’eil seo furasda. Tha bataichean- sin mar tha a’ chuis an ceartair a thaobh toiteach luath gann, agus ged bhiodh iad na fhiadh is bhradain, agus cho fada ’s nach bu llonmhoire, co, as eugmhais cuideachaidh dean e dochann do shluagh na diithcha, cha o ionmhais na rloghachd, a rachadh an dkil ruigear a leas a bhi gearain. Cha bu mhath na cosdais, mur faigheadh tu buidheann learn am fiadh sgidbalta, bdidheach a bheairteach a ghabhadh an gnothuch os ruagadh a mach & Albainn, ach feumaidh laimh, chan ann air ghaol nan iasgairean, luchd na seilge a cbumail air imirean fhein. ach a chum am buannachd f&n? Tha Ach chan e mo rim an drksda a bhi faraidhean an diugh mar nach robh iad ’sgrlobhadh mu fheidh no mu bhradain, ach riamh. Eadar Galldachd is Gkidhealtachd mu rud no dhk a bhiodh, tha mi a’ meas, gu tha iad neo-chumanta. Math dh’fhaoidte leas na Gaidhealtachd. 0 am na coilleide nach gabh cuisean a bhi air a chaochladh an a thainig an uachdar dliith ri dk fhichead uair tha gach goireas cho daor. bliadhna a nis, ehluinnteadh sanas an sud * * * ’s an seo nach robh ciiisean fhathast air O chionn ghoirid bha daoine a’ toirt bonn freagarrach a thaobh fearainn. Gun fainear gu robh, agus gu bheil, a’ Ghkidh- 146 AN DEO-GREINE. ealtachd fada air ais a chion rathaidean A thuilleadh air seo, tha aitean fksail air iaruinn. Nam faigheamaid sreath dhiubh feadh na duthcha far a faoidte craobhan a an sud ’s an seo air feadh na tire, dheanadh chur, gu h-braidh an bite nan coilltean a e feum anabarrach. Ach an tug an fheadh- chaidh a ghearradh o chionn fhada. Bheir- ainn tha ’gan iarraidh fainear an t-suim eadh seo obair do roinn mhath de’n t-sluagh mb6r airgid dh’fbeumadh rathad iaruinn, mun cuairt; agus cha ruigeadh iad a leas an abair ficbead mile de astar, mum biodb e gabhaltais bheaga a thoirt suas air a ullamh gu carbad-giiilain a bbi a ruitb air? thbilleamh. Eadar a h-uile dad a th’ann, Nacb iomadh fichead mile air feadh na dh’fhaodadh iad a bhi sona gu lebr. A G&idhealtachd a b’fheairde rathad-iaruinn dh’aon rud bhiodh iad a chbmhnuidh ’nan a dheanamh ann. Mar tha gnothuichean na duthaich fhallain fhein, an bite a bhi air an Rloghachd aig an am, cha ruigear a leas crbdhadh am bailtean m6ra ag obair gu goirt, dfiil a bbi ri ratbaidean iaruinn, a agus a’ call an slainte air a thailleamh. Is bharracbd air na b-againn, gu ceann greis ann air an duthaich a tha samhchair is beb- mhatb. Is e an ath shebl ma tk carabadan shlbinte rianail r’a fhaotainn, is chan ann ola. Dbeanadh iadsan feum gun teagamh an an tighean nan dealbhan an Glaschu. Aig iomadh cekrn, agus nam f&sadh ola na bu aon bm, agus math dh’fhaoidte fhathast, shaoire, chan fbairicheadh daoine cion bhiodh. daoine a’ smuaineachadh nach ratbaidean-iaruinn cbo dona. faigheadh an clann ionnsachadh brd gun a dhol do bhaile mbr air choireigin. Ach an diugh tha sgoilean againn anns a’ Ghbidh- ealtachd a h-uile buille cho math ris ha ’Nam bbeachd-sa ’se aon de na rudan tha sgoilean Gallda, agus na’s febrr na mbran dhith air a’ Gh&idhealtachd an diugh diubh. Tha daoine cho socharach ’nar oibrichean a bhiodh ’nam meadhoin air daoine measg is gur gann a chreideas iad seo, ach ’si a chumail 'nan diithaich fhein, faisg air an an fhlrinn a th’ann air a shon sin. tigbean fhein, gun a bbi a m&inn na Galldachd. Ciamar a bbeirear sin mun cuairt? Chan ’eil acb an aon dbigh ann. Is e sin feacbainn ri greim a dbeanamb air Chan ’eil a dhith air a’ Ghbidhealtachd an ionmhas a tha ’san duthaicb fo’n ach a rannsachadh a chum a leas. Chithear talamh, mar tha iarunn, luaidhe, agus is fhathast gu bheil innte na riaraicheas miann docba miotailtean eile, nan cladhaicheadb daoine sgileil air an son. Is fada o’n a reusonta dhaoine, gu h-braidh ma ghabhas b’&bhaist do na sean bbodaich a bhi a’ an Rloghachd barrachd de shuim dhith. Ach cumail a mach, gun robb rudan feumail am tha moran aig an t-sluagh ’nan laimh fein folach fo thalamb na Gaidhealtachd, eadhon nan d’thugadh iad sin fainear direach mar a gual! An uair a bha mi na b ’6ige na tbk mi, th’aca a thaobh na Gbidhlig. Chan uallach bhithinn ’gan cluinntinn a’ seancbas mu na draghail ise a chumail beb ’na duthaich fhein, spiligeanan 6ir a bba a’ dol leis an t-srutb agus an cul-taic air a bheil i airidh a chur aig bonn a’ Chuilinn! Co aige tha fios nach rithe. Tha mi an dbchas nach tig Gaidheal 'eil rudeigin a bharrachd air rolaist anns duineil gebrr ’na dhleasanas d’a taobh. a’ bheachd. Ach mur faigh sinn 6r anns Thuirt mi anns an Deo Ghreine o chionn da a’ Chuilionn, gbeibb sin iarunn de ghn£ mhios gun d’thug Achd Pbrlamaid cead a’ luacbmhor an Ratharsair, agus math Ghbidhlig a chur air clbr-ionnsachaidh nan dh’fhaoidte an aitean eile, na feachte air a sgoilean. Is e bu chbir dhomh a rbdh gun sbon le buidhnean an earrais. Chan ’eil d’thug an t-Achd ordugh gum bi a’ teagamb nach ’eil a bhuidbeann sin a’ Ghbidhlig air a teagasg anns gach bite air cumail suil air a’ Ghkidhealtachd. Amhairc feadh na Gbidhealtachd far a bheil i air a air Ceann Loch Liobbainn agus an saod cleachdadh. Tha eadar-dhealachadh eadar oibreach a cbinn ann o chionn gboirid. cead agus brdugh. Gabhadh muinntir na Thatar a nis ag iarraidh an cumbachd tha Gbidhealtachd uile an aire da seo, agus fillte an uisge nan lochan, nan easan, is nan feachadh iad an gnothuch a thuigsinn. agus aibbnichean a cbuir gu feum oibricbean de mar sin a ghabhail gu cridhe, mum bi e iomadh gn&, an &ite a bhi a’ leigeil leb tuilleadh is anmoch. Tha naimhdean na bruchdadh a mach gacb bliadbna air an Gbidhlige cho guineach ’sa b’bbhaist, agus fhonn tba dliith orra. Nach iomadh eas is air fbs na’s seblta ’nan dbighean Air an abhuinn air feadh na Gaidhealtachd a tha aobhar sin, biomaid a’ cumail suil na faire feitheamh air an t-srein, is an acfhuinn air a’ chuideachd uasal ris na dh’earbadh fhreagarrach, a chum na crlche. curam nan sgoilean air feadh na duthcha. AN DEO GREINE. 147 ETIQUETTE OF THE GAEL. for the Irish form of “Thomas Frederick,” and for the reason above mentioned he was told he must needs choose between Thomas USE OF THE CHRISTIAN NAME IN IRISH. and Frederick. “That’s an absurd idea!” (From the Irish of “L. Mac C&n.”) was the reply; but to the Gaeiic-Irish mind the absurdity consists in having unnecessary BY S. TOBEEN. names—so very dear to the English mind: In recent years, especially since the “Cecil Frederick Ernest Bumble-bee.” Nationahst capture of the public boards in NOT COMMANDED. 1919, councillors and others have taken to Some one may ask: “Does not the “Irishing” their names with gusto, and have Church order a second Christian name in ordered their secretaries and clerks to furnish Confirmation, and what becomes of the the Press with names of members present Gaelic regulation then?” The Church (in at meetings in Irish only. Boards in the English-speaking countries, at any rate) Desmond country have been very insistent appears to commend the practice, but there in this respect, and the underlying motive is, is no command in the matter. Of the older of course, to be commended. generation, i.e., those who had been con- We read daily that “at the last meeting firmed in Irish—or, as we put it: “fe laimh of the board the chair was taken by Mr. Easboig,” “under the Bishop’s hand”—I Miche&l Tadhg Mac ‘So-and-so,’ the have never met anyone who had taken on a recently elected chairman, ’ ’ and the reading second Christian name. If an Irish boy of this heroic-looking name sends a thrill of places himself under the “comraighe” of a pleasure through the worthy man hitherto particular saint on the “day of the Bishop,” known as Michael Timothy, accompanied there is, of course, no Gaelic argument by the feeling that now he has done “some- against his taking on the Saint’s name for thing great’’ for the language. the occasion; but if he is to be known by a A TELL-TALE. double Christian name afterwards, there is A name in Irish such as this always plays no Gaelic precedent or permission for it, the tell-tale on its possessor. It spells construction of the language being contra. “neophite”—the unreasoning convert who TO MEET THE DESIRE. carries with him, for all by the Gaelic road- In the Gaeltacht—the real Ireland—if side to see, strong evidence of the paganism two men in the neighbourhood happen to be which we call Galldachas. named Donall 0 Budaighe, either of them It will cause a grave shock to the good (or both) can take on a second Christian Michael Tim to learn that he has assumed name, but it must be the father’s name a name “such as never was on sea or land, ’’ (Tadhg) and in the genitive form (Thaidhg). in the life of his Gaelic-Irish fathers, and, (The phonetics being: “Thei-ug” and sad to tell, instead of propagating Irish, he “Heig, ” respectively; and the English is introducing a “ridiculosity’’ to the value being: Donall (son) of Tadhg O language equalled only by the foreign Budaighe). sappers’ “monstrosities” in the matter of If this is not sufficient for identification place-names (complained of by Dr. Douglas purposes (under the Bestoration of Dignity Hyde). Wrapping himself up in this new or any other order) the grandfather’s name name-cloak, like Dulaing 0 Hartag&ins may be drawn on—and as Irishmen have a magic mantle, may hide him from the good reserve in this way the great grand- Uitlander—but exposes him to the Gael. father’s also—but in the genitive case, as AN UNGRATEFUL TASK. before. The completed name can be made Irish admits of only one Christian name, long enough to satisfy the most “elongated” and Michael Tim’s attempt at improvement name craving: Donall Thaidhg Sheumais O in this direction is an ungrateful task. Budaighe. Irish “has no use for” Michael Tim and his TRACING THE ANCESTRY. double Christian name. If he goes in for If, from the Uitlander’s point of view, Irish he must accept the canons of the Irish suffers from any “absurdity” in the language and wean himself off the double- matter of names, the language (I assume) name luxury. can be made to “square” with the stranger’s A recent student decided to sign all his notion in the above way; or (?) by taking on correspondence in Irish, and asked a teacher a Saint’s name in the genitive: Dhiaglain 148 AN DEO-GREINE. (“Yee-aglaun”) instead of Diaglan (“Dee- FAS GNIOMHACHAIS NA aglaun”). In a western seaboard district there were GAIDHEALTACHD. so many Padraig O D s on the school- LE EACHANN MAC DHUGHAILL, GLASCHU. roll that they had to be distinguished through the name-history of the family, one (Choisinn seo a’ cheud duals aig M6d an I remember being: Padraig Dhonnacha Obain, 1920.) Phadraig Sheumais mhoir 0 D Air do choigreach a rathad a ghabhail mu (“Padraig (son) of Donnacha of Padraig of thuath troimh Albainn, is e aon ni a bheir e Seumas (the great) 0 D.”). Surely a proof an aire dha, mar a dh’fhkgas e a’ mhachair of the Frenchman’s tribute : — Ghallda as a dh&dh, gur ann is tearca comh- “Ireland is the only country in modem araidhean gnlomhachais a’ fks, agus anns an Europe where the poorest man can trace his tomhas cheudna gur ann as tearca an sluagh. ancestry. ’ ’—Renan. Cha’n fhaod e, ged tha, so a ghabhail mar FROM HINDOO TO HOMESPUN. chomharadh no mar thomhas air n&dur no oidhearpas an t-sluaigh an dk leth na The Hindoo custom of having two duthcha idir; ma ni e sin, tha e a’ deanamh “initial” names is governed by the same mearachd mh6r. Siubhladh e muilltean, idea—the second name being always the gkrraidhean-togail, is ceird-bhiithan an paternal one, I understand (as informed taobh deas is chi e gu’m bheil clann na some fifteen years ago by a Mahratti h-kirde tuath ri gualainn an co-bhrkithrean gentleman, a Mr. Gokhali). bho’n deas air gach b6rd, a’ cheart cho Young Irish women who have dropped into oidhirpeach, a’ cheart cho innleachdach is a’ the English form of having a long name: cheart cho teoma gu gnlomhachas. “Ethel Muriel Margarite” (usually Ciod mar sin is coireach nach deach gach shortened to “Babs” or “Cissie” during uile sheorsa oibreach air am bheil sinn cho schooldays—and long after!) will, of course, eolach mu dheas a chur air aghaidh mu disapprove of the Irish single name form; thuath? Tha a’ cheist sin fiirasda gu leoir but if the nation is to re-climb to first a freagairt, agus ni aon fhacal e. Gual, is e principles and accept the language as the sin am facal, agus is ann air Galldachd a only reliable national bulwark, the Etiquette mhain a tha gual na h-Albann, faodar a of the language must be accepted as an radh, uile gu Idir ri fhaotainn. Chuige so integral and unalterable fact, being “all in bha gach uile ghnlomhachas an earbsa is an the piece,” like the woof of a Tir Connaill crochadh ri gual, is tha e furasda gu leoir homespun. fhaicinn nach biodh m6ran toinnisg anns an fhear a thogadh a mhuileann air astar ana- cuimseach bho’n toll-ghual: dh’fheumadh A mhic a bhodachain lachduinn, ni-eigin eile bhi gu m6r gu a bhuannachd A bun Lochabar nan craobh, mu’n deanadh se e. “Nuair a theirigeas Cleas a’ chait a dh’61 an t-uachdar, gual sguiridh obair, ” tha an sean-fhacal ag Theid a’ chluas thoirt dhlot mu’n mhaoil. rkdh, is anns an dbigh cheudna dh’fhaodt- eadh a rkdh far am fadghear gual gu’n 0 tbisich obair. Ach pailt ’gam bheil an gual an taobh C’arson a bhithinn mar chroman-16in, deas Albann, no air st>n na cuid sin dhe ann A’ tional loin air bharr gach pris? an ceam air bith de’n t-saoghal, cha’n eil an C’arson nach caithinn-sa an saoghal, teagamh as lugha nach tig an la anns an teirig e: agus cha’n ann an latha a ’S gur cinnt gun caith an saoghal mis ? theirigeas e is cbir a bhi a’ sealltainn a mach 0 gu cumhachd eile fhaotainn a ghabhas ’kite. Cha mhb is e sin a thathas a’ Mfeirle salainn ’s meirle frois, deanamh. Meirl’ o nach faigh anam clos; Tha ceannardan-gnlomhachais an diugh a’ sealltainn chuca is bhuapa. Tha dk Gus an teid an t-iasg air tir, chumhachd gnlomhachais aca air bhrath Chan fhaigh mkirleach an tir clos. cheana is tha iad ’g an cur am feum; agus tha an treasa aon aca fo’n amharc. Is e a’ cheud aon dhiubh so ola. Tha an cumh- Is cruaidh an cnoc air nach criomadh e. achd so gu sbnraichte air a chur gu feum AN DEO-GREINE. 149 co-cheangailte ri luingeis-smuide leis nach eil aig daoine fathast ach fo’n amharc. tarraing e uiread ruim ri gual, ach am mach Agus mar chumhachd an uisge is mar bho ola &sg, cha’n eil a’ bheag de’n t-se6rsa shileadh nan speur cha tig caochladh air sin ri fhaotainn taobh a stigh de chriochan llonadh is traghadh mara, fad is a bhios na Gkidhealtachd, co-dhiubh fathast. Mar talamh is cuan air an sgaradh bho cheile. sin cha ruig sinn a leas an c6rr siila a thoiri Mar sin le beachdachadh air an d4 air an taobh sin an dr&sda. chumhachd so, uisge tire ag iarraidh gu Is e an d^ra aon cumhachd nan allt is nan tr4igh, is muir-14n a’ llonadh 's a’ tr4ghadh eas—cumhachd uisge, is tha am pailteas d4 uair gach 14tha air gach caolas, gach dhe sin anns a’ Ghkidhealtachd. An aon rudha, gach loch, gach b4gh is gach eilean seadh bha cumhachd uisge air a chur gu air a’ Gh4idhealtachd, chi sinn gu’m bheil feum anns a’ Ghkidhealtachd cho fada is a an 14 gle dhluth dhuinn anns am bi m6r- theid eachdraidh air ais. Bha ar muilnean- ghnlomhachas a’ dol air aghaidh anns a’ bleith uile gu l&r air an togail an taic uillt Gh4idhealtachd. no ri taobh easa, is cumhachd an uisge sm Is e gnothach m6r ri smaoineachadh air a a’ ruith gu traigh air a chur fo chuing ann tha an so, is gnothach a bu chbir dhuinn uile a bhi a’ slor thaomadh air sgiathan rothan, a bhreathnachadh, is beachdachadh air ’nar is ’g an cur mu’n cuairt. Is ann an n-inntinn. Agus bu chbir, le 14n-dearbh- caochladh dbighe a tha an cumhachd so air achd gu’m bheil e a’ tighinn, deanamh deas a chur air ghleus an diugh. Anns an &m a air a cheann, is sinn f4in uidheamachadh ga dh’fhalbh is e fior bheagan de neart an uillt thaobh. Tha mi an diiil a thaobh so, gu’m a bha air a chur gu feum. Cha robh doigh bheil cuid de chixisean a tha uile gu leir air a thasgadh suas an Jim thuiltean no f4bharach dhuinn. Tha sinn fiosrach is nuair a bhiodh am muileann ’na thkmh is mothachail air a’ mhath is air an ole a tha mar sin bha a’ chuid mh6r dhe a’ dol a co-cheangailte ri gniomhachas far am bheil dhlth. Tha a Um-fheum air a thoirt 4 neart sin a’ dol air aghaidh bho cheann iomad an uisge an diugh. Tha am prlomh- bliadhna. Ma bhios sinn glic ’gar taobh chumhachd air a thionndadh gu cumhachd fdin, a thaobh a’ ghinealaich a tha air thois- eile, cumhachd an dealain-art, iir- each oirnn agus air sg4th ar cinnich uile gu thionnsgnadh a thug a’ leithid de atharr- 16ir gabhaidh sinn gach taobh de’n chilis gu achadh mu’n cuairt an gnlomhachas an cridhe, is socraichidh sinn ar ceum d’an t-saoghail. Mar so glasar suas l&n- reir. Tha cunnart ann a’ leithid sin de chumhachd an uisge gus an cuirear feum atharrachadh ’nar dbigh tighinn beo an air, is gabhaidh e mar an ceudna iomchar tomhas ceudna de atharrachadh a thoirt miltean astair air falbh bho a thiis-ionad gun asainn mar shluagh is mar chinneach. Am a’ bheag de a neart a chall. bheil e an geall air ar deoghal na’s fhaide is Cha’n eil an teagamh as lugha nach tig an na’s fhaide stigh am measg an t-sluaigh 14, is mar an ceudna gu’m bheil an 14 sin reachdmhor llonmhor is coimhearsnaich fada air falbh, anns am bi an seorsa dhuinn mu dheas is d’an cainnt a’ Bheurla cumhachd so air an do chuireadh cuing Shasunnach, is am bheil ar c4nain cheana an Ceann-Loch-m6r air a chur an dhiithchail anns a’ chunnart cheudna? greim ri cois gach uillt, gach abhainn no eas Cha’n eil an teagamh as lugha nach eil an air a’ Gh4idhealtachd. Agus cha’n e mh4in cunnart sin ann: tha sinn ’gar mealladh fein gach eas a tha ann mar th4, ach bidh easan ma their sinn nach 14ir dhuinn e. Ma air an deanamh le stad a chur air an ruith chailleas sinn ar c4nain caillidh sinn ar bith a tha aig uisge is aig lochain an ceart-uair. mar Gh4idheil, ach le bhi fiosrach is moth- Th4id na lochan sin a mheudachadh is an achail air a’ chunnart a bhi ann tha d4 thrian taomadh-thairis a tharraing taobhan eile dhe seachad. Mar an gaisgeach a’ teamadh bhios freagarrach. gu achadh a’ bhl4ir, is a’ cur uime a chuid Is cumhachd so nach teirig a chaoidh, armachd is a liiireach air cheann a’ chunn- fad is a bhios neoil throma luchdaichte le airt, is e ar liiireach is ar n-uchd-4ideadh taisealachd air an iomchar a stigh chugainn a’ Gh4idhlig a chur air deadh steidh bho’n Chuan an lar is a’ dbrtadh de am ’nar sgoiltean, a h-uigheamachadh gu pailteas air fearann is monaidhean Albann. diongmhalta gu c4nain mhalairt a dheanamh Leth-choltach ri cumhachd uisge-tlre tha dhi, is ar n-uile mhalairt f4in a chumail air cumhachd an-mh6r eile a tha a’ dol a dhlth aghaidh innte. gach 14 mu ar cladaichean. Is e sin llonadh Tha mi a’ creidsinn gur ann uidh-air-an is tr4ghadh na mara. Is e sin mar an uidh a thbisicheas gnlomhachas de’n ceudna an treasa aon a dh’ainmich mi nach t-se6rsa so anns a’ Gh4idhealtachd, is leis 150 AN DEO-GREINE. a’ sin gur docha nach toisich mdr-imrich a chradh cridhe; cha dean e feum dhiubh is stigh do’n dixthaich thar na Galldachd no a cha’n iarr e am faicinn air a dhk shuil. Ach ceaman eile: cha’n eil i dhlth oimn is cha’n le muillnean-bleith a bhi Ikimh ris gu an fheum sinn a sireadh. Is e a bu docha leinn, tionndadh gu aolach talmhanta, tha an so is a dh’fheumar ioc-air-an-ac a dheanamh, fein tighinn-a-stigh aig a laimh ged a ar sluagh fein a ghleidheadh aig baile cuir- thachradh do iasg eile bhi gann no air bheag eadh fial a thoirt dhoibh-san a tha airL falbh pris. gu tilleadh bho thlr an ain-eoil, mar a bhios Co-cheangailte ri iasgach tha ar n-inntinn gniomhachas a’ teannadh ri dol am mend, is air a treorachadh gu cruinneachadh is dachaidhean a bhi air an ceann is fhiach giollachd feamann. An ceart uair is bho dachaidhean a r&dh riu. Feumar taigheadas cheann moran bhliadhnachan tha aon sebrsa a chur air steidh chinnticb, chothromaich. araidh dhi air a cur gu feum mar chealp. Theid tigh an fhir-oibreach a thogail clach Ach tha iomad sebrsa fbis feamannach anns air a’ chloich ris an a theid anns a’ a’ chladach le fheartan sbnraichte fein anns mhuileann no anns a’ cheird-bhiith. Feum- gach sebrsa. Eadhon mar leasachadh fear- aidh a dhorus f&n a bhi aig gach Gaidheal, ainn, co-mheasgte le stuthan eile, tha feum is mir fearainn mar lios aige as an tog e mbr anns an fheamainn, agus is fuathasach trian de a chuid feumalachd de bhiadh- na tha a’ dol a dholaidh dhi air ar lusan. Ach gu so a chur ’nar comas togaidh cladaichean gach bliadhna. Le muileann a ceist mh6r eile ceann; cha’n aon eile so ach bhi aig laimh gu gach sebrsa a thiormachadh Ceist an Fhearainn. Is cuis sin a is a bhleith bhiodh i furasda a h-aiseag gus dh’fheumadh cnuasachd an-mh6r e fein, ach na ceamachan anns am biodh iarraidh oirre. leis gach taobh a chur air a’ mheidh cha’n Cha ’n eil fada bho ’n a bha muileann dluth exl an teagamh as lugha nach feum na glasan air Loch Suainneart anns an robh a tha air fearann an ceart-uair an spealgadh biornachan-snath ’gan deanamh. Tha am as a’ ch&le is an tilgeadh do dhoimhne na bathar so an diugh cha mhbr uile gu Ibir a’ dl-chuimhne. Gun sin a dheanamh cha tighinn a stigh chugainn as an t-Suainn is & ghabh l&n-chothrom a thoirt do gach uile Lochlainn. Ach nuair a bha an sebrsa thaobh de ghnlomhachas mar a bu mhath oibreach sin a’ dol air aghaidh anns a’ leinn sin fhaicinn a’ dol air aghaidh air Ghbidhealtachd aon uair, cha’n eil idir G&idhealtachd Albann. aobhar a chumadh e gun a bhi ann a nis, is Is iomad seorsa ghlomhachais a ghabhadh an caochladh bitean. Tha coille gu leoir aig cur air shaod anns a’ Ghkidhealtachd. Tha laimh. Agus feumar teannadh ri biteach fios againn air nl no dhk a thathar a’ coille a chur air stbidh dhiongmhalta air teannadh ris mar tha. Tha obair uiseil a’ feadh na duthcha. Am mach bho biteach dol air a h-aghaidh an Ceann-Loch-m6r. an fhearainn fhn—togail barra—cha’n eil Tha mdran oibreach co-cheangailte ri gniomhachas eile a theid air thoiseach air iasgach. Cha’n eil an iasgach an sgadain togail coille, oir is gann gu’m bheil obair no ach earrann bheag laimh ris na gniomhachas a ghabhas ainmeachadh nach dh’fhaodteadh a dheanamh fo cheannaibh eil fiodh ’ga chur gu feum co-cheangailte eile. Tha iomradh againn an ceart-uair air ris. comunn a bhi a’ dol an greim am baile An ceart uair tha a’ chuid mhbr de ar Thobar-Mhoire ann an luim a chur air lasadain a tighinn chugainn b tir an fhiodha, giollachd-^isg de nach do ghabhadh m6r- an t-Suainn is Lochlainn, ach biodh sebrsa shuim riamh air a’ Ghkidhealtachd, no freagarrach de ghiuthas air a thogail air a’ eadhon an Albainn. Cha’n e mhkin gu’m Ghbidhealtachd is cha’n eil aobhar air an bheil an t-iasg f&n ri lan-aire fhaotainn, ach t-saoghal a chumadh a’ cheart obair sin tha gach golamas co-cheangailte ris, a bha taobh a mach ar crlochan fbin, no ceud obair gu ruig so ’ga thilgeadh air ais do’n chuan, eile a bhbrr oirre. ri a chur gu feum. Is m6r na bha a’ dol a Tha a’ chuid mhbr de phaipear air a dhlth air taobh an iar na Gkidhealtachd de’n dheanamh air fiodh. Tha an so ceann eile t-se6rsa giolamais so; chunna mi staean de a dh’fhaodamaid a chumail fo ar n-amharc. chinn, de mhionaichean is de chnkmhan Chi mi glb-thric luchdan luingeis de’n langaichean is throsg ’nan laighe ag t-sebrsa febir ris an abrar esparto a’ tighinn grodadh air na cladaichean. Is m6r am a nail as an Spainnd is b ceann a tuath na feum a bhiodh ’na leithid sin eadhon mar h-Aifric. Tha am feur so taghte gu leasachadh fearainn. Tha sebrsachan fa deanamh paipear, is an sebrsa as fearr dhe. leth de iasg a tha an ceart-uair air sealltainn Tha mi fada am mearachd mur a gabhadh orra leis an iasgair mar phlkigh is mar am muran a chithear ’na dhumhladas air na AN DEO-GREINE. 151 miltean baca air taobh an iar na Gaidhealt- Is e a tha dhlth tbiseachadh air gach achd a chur gu a’ leth-bhreac eile feum, obair dhiubh so. Ach am fear, no iadsan, na’m feuchteadh ris, is an lagh a bbi air a theid ’na ceann bu chaomh leinn e bhi atharrachadh a chum is gu’m faodteadh am Ibirsinneach air nbdur a’ Ghaidheil is a bhi muran a bhuain. Cha’n eil mi a’ creidsinn dealasach gus a’ chuid as fearr de’n nadur nach gabhadh am fraoch f&n cur gu feum sin a thoirt am barr. Agus na dichuimhnich- de’n t-se6rsa so. eadh e an bite f&n a thoirt do gach Chi mi an diugh f&n gu’m bheil comunn cleachdadh is nbs ionmholta a tha a’ comhar- air a chur air bonn shios ann an Sasunn gus achadh am mach nan Gbidheal mar shluagh a’ ghainmheach, a tha cho pailt mu fa leth. Feumar a dheanamh ro dhuilich chladaichean a’ Chuirn, a chur gu feum an do’n choigreach tighinn a stigh le a nbsan deanamh gloine. Mar a tha fios aig a’ chuid mar thuil ’nar measg. “A’ Ghbidhealtachd mh6r is ann de’n stuth ris an abrar silica a do na Gbidheil, ” is e sin an slogan a tha a’ chuid is motha de ghlaine air a dh’fheumar a chumail ri aghaidh ar dheanamh suas: tha cho ard ri 73 per n-lnntinn gach lb. Agus feumaidh sinn a cent, ann an sebrsachan dhe. Tha an stuth bhi *air ar faicill is ar casan fhorcadh an so ’na Ibn-phailteas an gainmhich na mara, aghaidh an fhir-fhuadain a theannas ri is cia meud muillion tunna de’n ghainmhich gnlomhachas a chur air bonn le shiiil air a ghil bhriagha so a tha an cois ar cladaichean sporan f^in a mhbin, gun suim do’n siar, a’ feitheamh ris-san a chuireas gu Ghbidheal, mar Ghbidheal, ach e bhi ’na feum i a thighinn air aghaidh ? dheadh chosnaiche. Chunna sinn cia-mar a Ach eadhon le nithean de’n t-se6rsa so, dh’oibrich an spiorad sin is ciod an dolaidh nach eil fathast air an socrachadh air stbidh a rinn e an cebrnachan eile: dhuisg e chinntich, fhagail an leth-taobh tha gu spiorad eile—spiorad na cbmhstri eadar lebir is ri an seachnadh de shebrsachan earras is saoithear naeh tuit ’na chodal an gniomhachais eile, a dh’fhaodteadh a chur db latha so. Na leigeamaide leis an spiorad air aghaidh—obair saoirseanachd, deanamh so birigh ’nar measg f£in. birneis thighean is bhuithean, deanamh is Tha mi an duil gur a flrinn i a tha ceangal leabhraichean, greusachd, cairteadh eachdraidh a’ dearbhadh, far am bheil is deasachaidh leathair. An ceart-uair ged sluagh aig am bheil riaghladh cothromach, a tha na miltean caora air a’ Ghbidhealtachd gun smbig orra aig coigreach is soirbheach- is e gle bheag de oibreaehadh cloimhe a tha adh aca a’ toirt am mach an teachd-an-tlr, a’ dol air aghaidh tuath air Cluaidh is an gu’m feum gu’m bheil iad sona ’nan Abhainn Dubh. Am mach bho’n bheagan crannchur is moralta ’nan giiilan. Tha a thathas a’ cur am feum le fighe laimhe is nbdur a’ Ghbidheil gu ro-shbnraichte air a oibreachadh a’ chib Ghbidhealaich, tha chuimseachadh ris an t-suidheachadh so. clbimh na Gkidhealtachd uile gu Ibir a’ dol Is e flor eucoir mh6r a nithear air mu’n mu dheas, is sluagh eile ag gabhail laimhe gearain e. Anns an bm a dh’fhalbh anns a’ ghnlomhachas co-cheangailte ri a chunnaic e a dhachaidh ’ga cur ’na smbl os h-oibreachadh ’s a deanamh ’na snkth is a cheann, is binn an fhbgaraich air a toirt ’na h-aodach. Tha an lb a’ tighinn a nis am mach air fbin agus air a theaghlach, gun anns am bheil an obair so uile gu Ibir ri a a ghuth a thogail no a dhbrn a dhunadh. gleidheadh ’sa Ghbidhealtachd. Cha ghabh Bha e leagte ris mar brduchadh chumh- e tuigsinn na bheireadh an t-aon cheann so achdan a b’birde na focal duine. Nuair is e fein de chosnadh is de mhalairt a stigh do’n sin a bheusan an bm na h-airc is a duthaich. shbrachaidh, ciod ach sonas is sltheileachd Tha locljan is callachan air leth air taoEli ris am b’ion fiughair a bhi againn nuair a siar na Gbidhealtachd, lochan do’n tigeadh dh’bireas grian an high air a dhuthaich. na luingeis is motha theid air sbile a stigh gu Le gnlomhachas air a chur air bonn, is os tearainnte. C’arson matb leis a’ ghnlomh- ceann nan uile ni fearann a dhiithchais aig achas so ’na Ibn shiubhal san duthaich, le a’ Ghbidheal ’na laimh fdin, cha ghabh ceidheachan is laimhrigean a thogail, nach atharrachadh a bhi air ach gu’m bi e sona biodh malairt-ch&n air a cur air bonn ? Tha ’na staid. Bidh nithean eile co-cheangailte a’ Ghbidhealtachd na’s goireasaiche do ris an taobh chaidreach, cridhealas is ce61, choilltean Lochlainn is na Baltaic na an corr luth-chleasachd is nbsan diithchail eile a’ de’n duthaich a mach bho Abaireadhainn is faotainn an bite is na misnich air an aire iad. Dun-d^adh is tha i cho goireasach do Cha bhi an Gbidheal beb gun tomhas Chanada ri ceam sam bith a mach bho cuimseach de chaidreachd is de Ibn-aighear; thaobh an iar Eireann. cha mhb bhios sluagh sunndach beothail air 152 AN DEO-GREINE. bith eile. Tha na nithean sin nkdurra do’n 3. Sanntaichear leis na chi an t-siiil duine, is tha sprochd is cuingead inntinn a’ le gamhlas is le ml-rim, tiiirling air an diithaich anns am bheil an ge b’e nl an chalann bhreugach, leithidean sin de aotromais air am ’s gur 1 talamh a h-atheudach. miichadh. Cha’n eil e eu-comasach do fhlor spiorad a’ cheartais, na diadhachd is 4. Cha dleas mi breug a rkdh riut, a’ charthannais co-ch6mhnuidh a dheanamh a chridhe-se ta an cldith mo chuirp: an aigne an duine maille ris an aotromas is fkithne Dhd ge b’l do dhligheadh, ris an fheala-dM bho nach urrainnear do mhiann f&n as iomchubhaidh. inntinn a ’ chreutair a sgaradh is e fathast ’na anam reusanta. 5. Mise an t-anam bochd tha’m p&n; Tha an Giudheal an diugh a’ faotainn th£id mi a nis do thigh Mhic Dh£ ; tuilleadh farsaingeachd ’na Inntinn, is tha is bidh mi ’g dealachadh riut, caochladh a’ tighinn air na barailean bho’s talamh thu, mar thkinig. cumhang leis an robh e air a chuartachadh san km a dh’fhalbh. Agus cha’n eil na Thkinig fath brbin. ceanglaichean sin a bhi a’ dol ma sgaoil, aon an deidh aoin a’ cur mor-iomagain oirnn; oir This is the fourth and last of the little is cinnteach gu’n seol tiir nkdurra a’ dorlach of poems by Donnchadh Mac- Ghkidheil e air an t-slighe air an cbir dha Raoiridh preserved in the Femaig Manu- Imeachd, is nach dearmad e taobh seach script. The metre is Deibhidhe, composed taobh de a dhleasdanas mar dhuine is mar of seven-syllable lines. The last word of dhuthchair. each couplet should contain one syllable Mar sin le gnlomhachas de’n t-se6rsa ris more than the last word of the first line of an do bheanadh gu gekrr an so a chur air the same couplet, and these two words have bonn anns a’ GhSidhealtachd, is cinnteach rhyme. Deibhidhe has usually two internal gu’m hi e gu buannachd na duthcha. Theid rhymes (uaithne) in the second couplet of an sluagh an Uonmhorachd an kite bhi a’ each rann, without any internal rhyme in the dol an taineadas. Gheabh a’ chainnt first couplet. Here, however, there is dhuthchail a freumhan a sgaoileadh a uaithne in the first couplets of rann 1 (brdin : rithist, nuair a bhios i air a foghlum anns na deoir); 2 (salchair: talmhann); 3 (sannf sgoiltean, is malairt na dixthcha air a cumail chear: gamhlas); 4 (breug: cl&th); 5 (p&n: air aghaidh innte. Cha bhi an tlr air theid). In rann 1, tala (rhyming with sealltainn rithe, mar a tha i an ceart-uair, salach) is used poetically for tola, genitive mar fhrith-seilg is mar phairc-mire nan of tol, will, another form of toil, genitive saoibhreach, ach mar thlr is mar dhachaidh toile. “Air ar cridhe’’ is to be read “air ’r nan Gkidheal an da-rlreadh, le sluagh sona, cridhe.’’ In rann 3, sanntaichear is to be fallain, deanadach, gun dlth gun deireas a’ read as two syllables. In rann 4, the second cbmhnuidh Innte, an cainnt f^in air am line appears to have a syllable too many, but bilibh, is an nbsan so-chomharaichte we are doubtless meant to begin with diithchail air an cur an cleachdadh ’nam chridhe, disregarding a for metrical purposes. measg gach Ik. CUith is dative of cliath, in the sense of side. Instead of dhligheadh (Ms. ghlihig), it is <> possible that the poet had dhlighe, in which FROM THE FERNAIG MANUSCRIPT. case the last word of the rann would be iomchuibhe, the comparative of iomchubhaidh. The first couplet of this RAINN DO RINNEADH LE DONNCHADH rann violates the rule of Deiblfidhe end- rhyme, and so does the first couplet of rann MAC-RAOIRIDH AIR LEABAIDH A BHAIS. 5. The third fine of 4 has a syllable too many, unless we read fdithn’. In the third 1. Thkinig fkth broin air ar cridhe, line of 5, the poet doubtless wrote rit, to o’n dkanmaid deoir aithrighe, rhyme with thainig. There is only one gu bheil sinn salach uile, internal rhyme in the second couplets of 1, chion tala do’n Aon-duine. and 5. It is quite evident that, unless the 2. ’N cridhe sin le’n salchair sinn Ms. version is very corrupt, Donnchadh tk ’na mheall talmhann ’sa’ cholainn; Mac-Raoiridh was not a master of this breugaidh se an fheoil uile leis, difficult metre. dhkanamh na’s leoir d’ar n-aimhleas. W. J. W. AN DEO-GREINE. 153 FROM THE BOOK OF THE DEAN OF 11. Dd mbadh leis an Dubh Saingleann, • LISMORE. MacLeoid d’a n-aidhreann cliara, leis nf thaisgeadh an t-each-sin, MOLADH AIR TORCUL MAC-LEOID LEODHUIS. geb d rachadh d’a h-iarraidh. (ReZ. Celt. I, 100; McL. 112.) 12. Td ag Torcul Og eineach nach . . . . i n-am cogaidh; 1. Fhuaras mac mar an t-athair, cosg gach tire d’a theaghlach, maith ar flathaibh ar n-e61us; d’a shluagh (meadhrach) go cogadh. do fhritheol a aoibh ’s a aigneadh 13. Nf bh’fhearr ’n a aois Cu-Chulainn is m6 ’ga chaidreabh i Lebdhus. na Torcul d’fhulang teannta: 2. Fios agus aigne flatha, Idmh as calma 's as cliste, uair ratha le a nd^antar: fear briste gacha bearna. dar lat an mac-sa fhuair mi 14. Gdr ionmhuinn mac mhic Thorcuil gurab 6 an Ruairi c^adna. nf mholainn d ar annsacht: 3. Is ionann i dtigh comhdil fear as treise i n-uair dgha, ar n-on6ir d’a fholt fainneach, iuchair grddha do’n bhantracht. 15. Nf fhuil mac rfogh nd flatha, is ionann moltar i gcathaibh d’a mdad ratha, d’a gcualas, Torcul is athair airmheach. ge minic linn a rochtain, 4. D& dtigeadh re linn Torcuil as fearr nd Torcul fhuaras. Fhuaras. ni h-^ locadh do’n Tromdhdimh, 16. Nf MhicCailfn Caitrona, do-ghni dhd beirt as buaine, bos mhfonla, urla dualach, aithris Ghuaire mhic Colmdin. inghean larla Oirthir Ghaoidheal, 5. lomdha ceard ar a moltar an aoinbhean as fearr fhuaras. Fhuaras. Torcul an abhradh chraobhaigh, 17. Fhuaramar bean ar ndfola ar luth, ar Idmhach curadh, do ghdig mhdir ghnfomhaigh ghasta, ag teacht go dul a gcaonnaig. nf MhicCailfn cruth dg-bhldth : 6. Adeir md do a h-aithle, cul mar an cdmdn casta. d’dis a aithne is a edluis, (Notes in next number.) nach dtdinig fear a aoise <> as fearr na ri-se Leddhuis. REVIEW. 7. Dd mbadh leis 6 Charraig Bhoirbhe “THE CELTIC WHO’S WHO.” sdad as soirbhe fhuair file, This is a first attempt to provide a much-needed do bhronnadh mac mhic Thorcuil, work of reference containing the names and dd rochainn tfr a fhine. personaladdresses details,of workers such inas the yearwide andCeltic place field, of theirwith 8. Ag mac Ruairfgh na mearcholg birth, their parentage, and their contributions to dd mbfodh an seancholg snoigheach, thedoes literature not claim and that music his oflist—covering the race. The four compiler Celtic n6 sdad oile b’fhearr foghnadh, atnations—is first seemed quite probable, complete, and though he hints it isat fuller the “shy-than do bhronnadh-sa rd oineach. provesness” of that the theCelt! Celtic But mind he does has claim made that a thegreater book 9. Sgiath cheannghdig nd sead oirdheirc contribution to general literature than is usually foras formaid na bhfileadh, recognised. Other interesting facts revealed are usa leise a mbronnadh different“the diverse Celtic directions nationalities in whichpursue members their studies,” of the nd le ollamh a sireadh. thestudents extraordinary “from the ruddydifferences stripling in tothe the ages hoary of sagethe 10. Dd mbiodh an Liath mdr Macha of four score years,” and the equally marked differ- d’eachaibh, nd an Dearg Driuchtach, literaryences in commonwealth”the “avocations ofof whichthose thewho book form gives the nfor bh’iongnadh fear a chleachtain particulars. The publisher is Mr. Lachlan Macbean, gan bheith fa eachraidh didltach. Fifeshirepost free. Advertiser, Kirkcaldy, and the price is 5/6 154 AN DEO-GREINE. CAISTEAL A’ GHLINNE. (Mod Song, No. 65). Key D. Andante. |m:r:d|m:r:d 1:1: Chuir iad an Caisteal a’ Ghlinne } m : — : r I d : - ’S an t-seomar iosal cho fuar, } \ | d1 : d1 : d1 : r1 : d1 I d' : - : Chairich iad } \/ : m s : - : 1 Id1: t : 1 s : — : I fhirinn again 'ga luaidh, m : m : s d1 : - : I d' : - Creideas chan fhaighinn no eisdeachd. } 1 | d1 : t : 1 I s : - a dh’fhiig mi fo ghruaim, } l | m : r : d | m 1 : I s : — ’Sged ni iad n adh, } Chand I I thusf : } Cadal cha tig air mo shiiilean Thusa cha tig ann am ionnsaigh, ’S gur tursach m’aigne gach la, ’S cha dhhisg thu a cadal a’ bhkis ’Cuimhneachadh maise mo ruin-sa Ach tachraidh mise ri m’uidh-sa ’Sa ghniiis bha coibhneil a ghnkth. An diithaich bheannaicht’ an kigh. Cridhe bha blath agus muirneach, Mo leannan bheir maitheanas dhhmhsa, Seinn ciuil mar uiseag’s na ne6il ’Ged lebn mi ise gu b&s, ’S truagh nach robh sinne le ch&le, Crioch cha tig air ar s61as, ’S mi g’ disdeachd brlodal a be6il. Is br6n cha chluinnear gu brath. Fionn. MOD COMPETITION SONG. With reference to the sheiling song, “Maighdeanan na h-Airidh, ” which is one of the five songs selected for competition for the Gold Medal of An Comunn at the Glasgow Mod, to be held in September, Mrs. Kennedy Fraser, writing to the O&an Times, points out that the following version is the one to be attended to. Mrs. Fraser offers to supply to competitors the music in Key G or Key A. MAIGHDEANAN NA H-AIRIDH. Thug mi’n oidhche raoir’s mi bruadar Thug mi’n oidhche raoir’s an kiridh. Mar ri nionagan na buaile, ’S crodh a sileadh bainne talaidh, B ’fhinealt uasal min na gruagaich ’S dealt na h-oidhche sileadh coibhneis Seinn nan duanag anns an kiridh. Air na maighdeanan’s an kiridh. Thug mi’n oidhche, etc. Thug mi’n oidhche raoir’s an kiridh. ’S cianail dusgadh an fhir-fhuadain Thug mi’n oidhche raoir’s an kiridh. ’S e sior-ionndrainn tlr a bhruadair, Chaith mi’n oidhche cridheil coibhneil ’S tiamhaidh buan da thar na stuadhan Mar ri maighdeanan na h-kraidh. Ceol nan gruagach anns an kiridh. Thug mi’n oidhche, etc. AN DEO-GREINE. 155 APRIL CLASSES AT INVERNESS. My class came to a close last Friday (28th ulto.), to the regret both of myself and of my pupils. They could have well A SUCCESSFUL EXPERIMENT. enjoyed another month’s teaching, pro- tracted as was their attendance (5-8 p.m.). An interesting experiment was made by It took over a week to discover their metier the Advisory Committee of An Comunn and to get into the swing. But after that Gaidhealaeh in the way of holding a course we had very methodical, systematic, and of Gaelic and other classes in Inverness for earnest work. missionaries and lay-preachers whose work We began with devotional exercises— lies in the Gaelic-speaking area. The classes Scripture lessons formed part of the class- were held during April, and were an work, and also practical psalmody—and I unqualified success. It is expected that got each to precent in turn. After Scrip- they are to be repeated next year. They ture (Gaelic) reading, we had readings from were a success, also, from the social point of the English version of the Pilgrim’s Progress view as well as from the educational, and with translation into idiomatic Gaelic. This nothing but good can result from the oppor- formed one of the most helpful of all our tunity they afforded to the missionaries and lessons. I also made them write out lay-preachers of the different denominations translations at home so as to bring out their for meeting together on a friendly footing. knowledge of orthography, syntax, construc- It is a pleasure to note that all the Scottish tion, etc. Churches and the Highland Education After the first fortnight I gave up the Authorities are co-operating with An poetry and the “Rosg, ” substituting Gaelic Comunn Gaidhealach in carrying on this Psalmody. I devoted Ealf an hour, some- laudable scheme. The classes were under times longer, to this part of the work, which the auspices of the Highland Provincial was greatly appreciated. Committee on Adult Education. Those who took the class expressed great The following are the reports of the gratitude to the promoters of the teaching teachers who conducted the classes: — and to myself personally, tangibly express- LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. ing this in the present of a fountain pen. Report by Professor John Macleod, M.A., On the whole, we have reason to be glad of upon the class in English language and breaking fallow ground and to hope for literature. greater things next year. I conducted a class in English three (Sgd.) A. M. Macfarlane. nights a week during the four weeks for Lochend, 4th May, 1921. which the classes for adults were held. The aim of my work was wholly practical. I GREEK. endeavoured to remedy defects in pronuncia- Report by Mr. R. G. Bremner, M.A., upon tion and idiom—laying special stress on such faults as are due to the influence of a the class in New Testament Greek. Gaelic environment. In regard to reading, This proved an exceedingly interesting and I sought to direct the attention of the pleasant class. There was some difficulty in students to faults of emphasis and expres- choosing a method, in view of the shortness sion. In particular, it was my endeavour of the time at our disposal, and because to get them to avoid sing-song reading of different members of the class had reached poetry. Exercises in sentence-building and different stages of advancement. Some in the correction of grammatical errors and were much ahead of what one expected as faulty structure were taken almost nightly. a result of restricted private study. After A lively and steady interest was taken by discussing this point, we decided to carry the students, and their attendance was very on with a species of direct method, which regular. devoted most of the time available to reading (Sgd.) John Macleod. and the discussion of suggested special points of grammar, syntax, word-formation, Inverness, 21st May, 1921. etc. The main object kept in view was to PSALMODY. help with each student’s study of the subject Report by the Rev. A. M. Macfarlane, in general, and it became evident that with M.A., upon the Class in Gaelic and Gaelic such a keen and intelligent class much could Psalmody. be done by the suggestion of methods of 156 AN DEO-GREINE. study in addition to the actual treatment of March, 1801, and in which engagement our details during the course. brave Gaels so prominently distinguished themselves, and that a short poem written (Sgd.) R. G-. Bremner. at the request of the society by Campbell Inverness Royal Academy, was read on the occasion by Sir John 31st May, 1921. Sinclair. Again, as we gather from the press of the times, we notice specially that VOCAL MUSIC. a similar function took place under the Report by Mr. W. S. Roddie, Inverness, auspices of this same society, about the end upon the class in Vocal Music. of March, 1817, at which were present the Duke of York, the Duke of Argyll, the Duke As instructed by you, I gave the lessons on of Atholl, the Marquis of Huntly, Glen- reading music and voice training with garry, Sir Aeneas MacKintosh, and many regular practice both for speaking and sing- other Highland gentlemen. And the High- ing, also in rythm and phrasing, with other land Society of London had even in those details connected with the leading of years attained to a respectable age, it having psalmody. been established, as generally agreed, in the The late beginning of the pupils made the year 1778—143 years ago now. work rather difficult, but their close atten- But the subject of my attention on the tion and eagerness to learn gave much present occasion is another Celtic society, encouragement. Right on to the end of the namely, “The Society of True Highlanders’’ course a splendid spirit was shown by them —“Comunn nam fior Ghaidheal. ” A few all. The results were not what would have particulars regarding the inception and been with younger men, but I hope they establishment of this association, more learned some things that will prove helpful particularly, perhaps, on account of the in their work. inspiration that attaches to the memory of (Sgd.) W. S. Roddie. certain personages that associated them- Inverness, 14th May, 1921. selves with the event, ought to prove of some interest in our own time. <> Though in latter days the society known as “The Society of True Highlanders”— SOME INTERESTING ASSOCIATIONS “Comunn nam fior Ghkidheal”—falls to be OF A PIONEER CELTIC SOCIETY. identified with London, there seems little or no reason to doubt that the first Celtic BY GLEANNACH. association to receive that name had its Read at a meeting of the Inverness Branch origin in the Highlands of Scotland. Accord- on 21st April, 1921. ing to a reference in an interesting and We hear frequently from time to time a valuable publication of the year 1816, it was question put as to which is the oldest among on the 12th of July, 1815, at Inverlochy, or our Celtic or Gaelic societies. In itself, the Fort-William, in Inverness-shire, that a answer to this question is a matter of no “Society of True Highlanders was formed special import. The position is that most by Colonel MacDonell of Glengarry, Chief of the Celtic associations that exist to-day, of the Clan-Don ell, XVII. Mac-Mhic- and a good few that do not, were a natural Alastair, and ceann-suidhe, or preses of the growth that sprang from the enthusiasm meeting. ’ ’ Under date June 23rd, 1815, the that swept over the country after the great event is thus chronicled in “The Northern victory of Waterloo, in the year 1815. True, Highlands in the Nineteenth Century,” by that prior to that date one important the late Mr. James Barron: “A long society, the Highland Society of London, advertisement states that at a meeting held had celebrated the great victory of the Battle at Inverlochy on 15th June, a number of of Alexandria, and had commemorated that Highland gentlemen had formed themselves historic event time and again. For instance, into ‘a pure Highland society, in support of we learn, from a reference to the works of the true dress, language, music, and Thomas Campbell, the author of “The characteristics of our illustrious and ancient Pleasures of Hope,’’ and much else in the race in the Highlands and Isles of Scotland, nature of notable poetry, that this now with their genuine descendants wherever ancient society met on the 21st March, 1809, they may be.’ The promoter of the move- in London, to commemorate the anniversary ment was Colonel MacDonell of Glengarry, of the great battle fought on the 21st of and ninety-seven members were enrolled, AN DEO-GREINE. 157 under the title of ‘The Society of True High- sion it ought to inspire and invigorate our landers.’ The proceedings of the meeting dwindling nationality. The entire produc- were conducted in Gaelic. One of the rules tion appears in a collection of translations of was that all real chiefs were to be hereditary Ossianic poetry, published by Hugh & John vice-presidents, from whom the president MacCallum, in the year 1816. was to be annually chosen by a majority of votes, ‘be he in or out of the peerage. ’ ” “In lov’d Wilhelmia, near whose mural pile It is interesting to learn also, that during Proud Lochy’s tides with eddying surges the month of October of this same year boil, (1815), Glengarry was re-elected president Where Caledonia’s regal grandeur shone of the society, with Mr. Ewen MacLachlan When old Achaius sway’d the Scotian as Gaelic secretary, while Marshal throne, MacDonald, Duke of Tarentum, was Conven’d the mountain-patriot’s faithful elected an honorary member. band, The month of June as that in which the And pledg’d th’ endearing tie with heart society was formed is confirmed by a refer- and hand; ence in this same publication, where, how- A tie that calls to mind primeval days, ever, the 12th day of that month is given as And rites of sires that won immortal praise, the anniversary of the event. Under date Chiefs, sprung from kings, in friendship’s July 19th, 1816, it is stated:' “The same league combine, issue reports the first anniversary meeting Leaders and heads of many a glorious line; of ‘The Society of True Highlanders,’ held The first in state, in worth, in cultured at Inverlochy on the 12th of June. Many mind. ladies were present, and the gentlemen were, For peace, for war, in court and camp ‘almost to a man, ’ in the full uniform of refin’d, their regiments, or the Highland dress. Whose hearts are ardent for their country’s There was a grand ball, which is described good, in glowing terms. Colonel Stewart of Garth Whose veins are warm’d with Scotia’s wore large, round Cairngorm buttons, richly blood, set; others had the globular, silver buttons Their aim to guard the genuine Gael’s of their ancestry, and the highly-finished claims: pistols, dirks, powder-horns, and other para- A grateful country joys to hail their phernalia gave an air of magnificence to the names: ’ ’ whole far more brilliant than expectation “Survey, my muse, the vast assembled train had sanctioned.’’ The ball was led by Mrs. Now crowding all Gordonia’s spacious MacDonell, of Glengarry, and Colonel plain; Stewart. Glengarry himself was the chief As clouds along the hills, they glide in organiser of this society.’’ streams, The institution of this “Society of True While swords and gorgets shoot reflective Highlanders” in the heart of the Highlands gleams! gave rise to immense enthusiasm; and it is Each chief, in front, high tow’ring seems here that I wish to throw in some most afar, interesting references to the event occurring Pelides, Fingal, or the god of war! in the literature of the country, which, in Those are the Gael’s still unconquered race, this connection at any rate, do not seem to They wear their native arms with native have so far received the attention which in grace, my view they are entitled to. First and Milesian arms, Milesia’s rich costume, foremost among these must be an address in The garb of Gauls that sack’d imperial verse, composed on the occasion by no less Rome: a personage than Ewen MacLachlan, the Themes that would bid the strain spontane- distinguished scholar of Aberdeen, a native ous roll, of Lochaber, and probably the greatest If heav’n-born genius fir’d the poet’s soul. ” genius ever born of Highland blood. The “The graceful bonnet freak’d with various address was recited, we are told, “with dyes, enthusiastic admiration,” at the opening O’er whose high crown the shadowy plumes meeting of the Society. It is long, but in arise, view of its not being accessible to many in Forms the rich crest, and, as the warriors our day, I think it well worth reproducing move, at least in part. In sentiment and expres- Th’ effusive clusters seem a floating grove I 158 AN DEO-GREINE. The parti-colour’d plaid, a splendid show. MacLachlans, murd’rous in the van of Bestrides the breast, like ^Ether’s lovely fight, bow MacLeods, exulting in their native might; On western clouds, when Sol the day MacLeans, whose swords could deal the renews, fateful storm, And ev’ry field is gemm’d with twinkling When Mars and rage the battling hosts dews deform; Encas’d within the silver-spangled sheath, Victorious Grants, the sons of chiefs Hangs from its zone the pond’rous sting of renown’d, death: From where Spey’s current laves the Thus sleeps the thunder-dragon of the flow’ry ground; skies, MacKenzies, that wide waste the leagur’d Till storms in all their warring rage arise. vale, Before the Phelig’s finely plaited coil, When the stag’s branching antlers mount Conspicuous waves the grossy badger’s the gale, spoil, MacKinnon’s champions join’d with black Whence plenty dealt, without the frown’s MacRaes, alloy, Whose bright exploits in glorious annals Can turn the wail of grief to songs of joy. blaze; Beneath the knee whose beauty mates the snow MacGregor's tribes with arms and prowess The well-wrought tassel binds the gaudy steel’d hoe, In furious combats never known to yield; Where red and white with rival lustre The hardy sons of Diarmad, fam’d of yore blend, (The chief who fell’d Glenshee’s destruc- And round the calf at equal angles bend. tive boon); Last, glancing as the polish’d jet, the shoe, The Frasers, awful as the lightning blast, Adorns the foot that scarce imprints the With heaps of slaughter’d foes to strew the dew, waste; The Gael, thus equipt in full array, Chisholm, from northern glens with Meet, with one foul, on friendship’s festal marshall'd pow’rs, day.” And brave M‘Colls, from Appin’s sylvan ‘‘Anon! the bagpipe pours its stream of bow’rs; tones, With the strong ranks that bear the Swell’d by the peal of the silk-ruffling leader’s name drones; With all the flight of quivering fingers Who gain’d, in Malcolm’s days, immortal driv’n, fame.” The torrent floats on the four winds of ‘Before the pomp, advanc’d, with kingly heaven, grace, Rais’d by the quick or solemn marching I see the stem of Conn’s victorious race, time, Whose sires of old the western sceptre On music’s wing the soul ascends sublime; sway’d, Full of the deeds that beam through' years Which all the Isles and Albion’s half of old, obey’d, Our clans advance, in might and freedom The illustrious chief of Garry’s woody bold: vales; The muse, enraptured at Che bright survey, Bids their lov’d names adorn the un- His radiant standard eddying sweeps the prompted lay.” gale, “With flags display’d Clann Domhnuills’ Conspicuous blazon’d with Clann legal line, Domhnuills’ shield, And Stewarts’ ranks with martial beauty That rears Fames’ emblems on its quar- shine; ter’d field, The Cam’rons there behind their gallant The barge with furling sails, the gory hand, sire, The flying eagle and the croslet-wand; Hard as the flint, and fierce as flames of Two bears, the types of vanquish’d fire; Lochlin’s shame, AN DEO-GKEINE. 159 With shafts infixt support the mystic The entrance to An Comunn Office is now frame; by 114 West Campbell Street, the altera- Its crest, the tow’ring rock in blue tions to the building being almost completed. pourtray’d, The Secretary’s office has been removed one And the perch’d raven ting’d with sable stair up, where there is much more accom- shade. ” modation. There is still direct communica- “The order’d hosts processive march along tion with the Treasurer in the offices of With steps accordant to the war-pipe’s Messrs. Hourston & Macfarlane. song; Congratulations to the following members The spacious hall, its portal wide display’d, of An Comunn:—Rev. John MacGilchrist, And its long course in festive wreaths B.A. (Oxon.), who has had the honour of array’d, D.D. conferred upon him, and Mr. Neil Eeceive the prime in rank. The thronging M. MacLeod, who has been made a Fellow bands, of the Society of Antiquaries (Scot.). With friendly hearts, conjoin fraternal Mr. Duncan MacLeod, the new laird hands; of Skeabost, and Mr. Andrew Macintosh, Clann DomhnuiU’s puissant chief o’er all Fort Augustus, have been appointed Justices presides; of the Peace for the County of Inverness. His active zeal the council forms and Donations towards special objects have guides; recently been received, and these are highly They pledge adherence to the patriot laws appreciated. They allow the Committees That knit true Gaels to their country’s concerned to carry out important work. cause, Captain Campbell, Yr., of Succoth, has The social rite that marks th’ attachment given a donation of £15 towards the Gaelic strong, Vacation Classes, and Mrs. Stewart, Simla, The dress, the music, and the native has repeated her donation of £20 towards song, special Mod prizes. Sir William Sutherland The sprightly dance, the field or mountain has shown his interest in the propaganda game, campaign just completed in Argyll by That string the limbs and fit for deeds of forwarding a donation of £5 to the President, fame, to be used for prizes in connection with the That prompt the Gael, like a fiery zone, work in Argyll. To link as guardians of the British throne, Null. (To be continued.) $ 0 AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. SECRETARY’S NOTES, NEW LIFE MEMBERS. Latimer Maclnnes, Esq., Campbeltown. Tha an t-am a’ dliithachadh airson forlaich M. W. Fraser, Esq., Accra, Gold Coast. agus ghuidhinn do luchd-leughaidh na Mrs. J. R. Colquhoun, Glasgow. duilleige so tomhas saoibhir de sholas na NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. saorsa agus gach latha tioram, grianach John MacLellan, Esq., Greenock. dhoibh. Bu choir do mhuinntir a’ bhaile Mrs.A. J. MacLellan,H. MacLean Greenock. of Ardgour. mhor so a bhi ann an sunnd togarrach airson The Hon. Mrs. MacLean of Ardgour. a’ Mhoid an deidh tacain beag air a’ Miss Mary Cameron, Glasgow. Ghaidhealtachd. Tha sinn ag amharc ri Miss Catherine Cameron, Glasgow. Gkidheil Ghlaschu gu’n dean iad am Mod DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD. so cho soirbheachail ri gach M6d a chaidh Previously acknowledged, roimhe. Glasgow Skye Association, The final edition of the Glasgow Mod ButeClan MacLeanBranch, Association, syllabus is now issued, and contains 70 com- Ross and Cromarty Association, petitions in all. In the Special Literary Alex. Fraser, Esq.j Competitions nine MSS. were received in the Gairloch Branch, Drama competition, and ten translations of Rev.Angus Neil Campbell, Ross, B.D., Esq., 110 “An t-Ogha Mor” were submitted. The Andrew H. MacDonald, 10 0 result of the Drama competition will be made Donald Cook, Esq., 0 10 0 known shortly. The winner of the transla- John Connelly, Esq., tion will be announced at the Mod. £150 13 6 160 AN DEO-GRJEINE. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 12/6 net. Postage 7d. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK The Shop for Gaelic Books. ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. The Celtic Garland, Gaelic and English SongsPrice Postage Henrywith Translations Whyte “ Fionn,” & Gaelic now Readings,ready, cloth by 7/6 6d HIGHLAND Bardings Bharabhais, of Donald HumorousMacdonald, Songs Barvas, and Read-limp 2/3 3d RECONSTRUCTION SgeulaicheGaelic Self-Taught, nan Caol, An John Introduction Macfadyen, to Gaelic 4/- 6d A survey of the problems—Administrative, forciation Beginners, invaluable with to an Learners, imitated complete,pronoun- station,Economic, Fisheries,and Social—Land Industries, Settlement, Water Power,Affore- AnSet Rosarnach, of 8 parte ain galaxywrapper, of the - best modern 2/3 3d suggestionHousing, Transport,of what is andnecessary Education—with in the way ofa BardachdGaelic authors,Leodhais, 2Lewis volumes Bards, ready, now ready,each 10/-7/6 9d theReconstruction. Highlands, AEstate Book Agentsfor the andPublic Managers, Man in TheFionn Wizard’s ann an TighGillie, a’ withBhlair Gaelic Bhuidhe. and English,3/6A Tale, 3d Id6d Committees.County Councillors, and Members of Reconstruction RosgHandbook Gaidhlig. for SpeakersSelections at Gaelicof Gaelic Meetings, Prose, - 2/63d 6djd By H. F. CAMPBELL, M.A., B.L., F.R.S.G.S. Reiteach Moraig. Popular Gaelic Play, - 6d Ijd PosadhMacBain’g Moraig, New Gaelicsequel Etymologicalto Reiteach Diet.,Moraig 12/6 6d 1/-Ijd Also, by the same Author, MacDougall’sAig Tigh na Beinne, Folk Tales by Mrs. and Grant,Fairy Lore,just pub. - 3/67/6 9d6d SUTHERLAND AND CAITHNESS, 3/6 net, and Gu’n d’thug I speis do'n Armunn, Gaelic novel 1/6 3d Cloth, Round Corners, 4/6. Postage 5d. Deirdire,Cameron’s Gaelic Highland and Eng.Clearances opposite to pages,1912, -- 2/-3/6 4d6d THE CATHEDRAL OF CAITHNESS AT DOR- Gaelic Mission Hymn Book, - - - l/- 2d NOCH (Illustrated), 1/- net. Postage 3d. Bardiachd Ghaidhlig, Selected Gaelic Poetry, 3/6 6d AnCath-chuairt Solaraiche, Eideird four choiceBhruis Gaelican Eirinn, Essays, - 1/-1/3 3d ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, MinstrolsyAuraicept naof n’eces.the Highlands, Prof. Geo. Gaelic Calder. & Eng.,- 12/6 5/- V-6d Publishers and Booksellers, Gaelic Songs, little volume in tartan silk, - 2/- 2d 360-362 ARGYLE STREET, GLASGOW. GaelicAII BiblesPost Orders and mustTestaments include sufficientat all prices,for Postage. ALEX. MACLAREN & SONS, 360 and 362 Argyle Street, GLASGOW.

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Mackay’s Palace Hotel J. G. MALCOLM & BINGHAM,NEX NI> CHARING CROSS ( I^ ) EDINBURGH. GLASGOW. HigmyHirHIv Kecommendefl.Recommended |I BEDROOM,j, . ATTENDANCE,te BREAKFAST, LIGHT, from ANDSs. En PensionTABI Ratesd HOon Application. HUGH MACKAY, Proprietor. Na Stad gus an ruig thu so. AN DEO-GREINE Leabhar XVI.J Ceud Mios an Fhoghair, 1921. [Earrann 11. CLAR-INNSIDH. PAGE. leo gu math. Mhlnich iad do’n t-sluagh an Saothair a’ Chomuinn Ghaidhealaich 161 dleasnas mar Ghkidheil, agus an taic a tha Ardachadh na Gaidhlig, agus na Sochairean a mar fhiachaibh orra a chur ri ar canain. Gheibh Sinn Troimh Eolas Oirre 162 Ach tha fios againn uile ged threoraicheadh The Revival of Gaelic 166 tu each gus na h-aibhne, nach 61 e deoch From the Book of the Dean of Lismore ... 168 mar a togair e fhein. Math dh’fhaoidte gu Secretary’s Page 171 bheil an togradh fann an cuid de kitean The Celtic Congress 172 fhathast. Feumaidh iad gnothuichean a Some Interesting Associations of a Pioneer ghabhail gu cridhe, agus nithean a thoirt gu Celtic Society 173 buil a r6ir. * * * A’ Bheurla Shasunnach Mar Ghnathaichear 1 Chuir an Ceann-Suidhe agus an Cleireach an Albainn mu Dheas 175 meuran an uidheam an kitean a bha feumach air an leithid, agus dh’ath-bhe6thaich iad sean mheuran a bha an impis dol a dholaidh SAOTHAIR A’ CHOMUINN an kitean eile le cion smaointean air na tha fillte anns a’ ghnothuch. An uair a thuit GHAIDHEALAICH. an cogadh m6r oimn bha inntinnean dhaoine fo bhuaidh na nithean a bhuineadh da sin, Aig coinneamh Co-chomhairle a’Chomuinn agus cha robh ach an aon chuspair a’ gabhail Ghkidhealaich a chaidh a chumail an greim orra. Cha b’ioghnadh e. A nis, o’n Sruighlea mu dheireadh an og-mhiosa, sguir an cogadh, nach robh e iomchuidh gun thugadh saothair cuideachd a’ Chraobh cuirteadh teachdairean o’n Chomunn Sgaoilidh air lorn leis an Urra. Mgr. Mac- Ghkidhealach gu cekman a bha an cunnart Phkil. ’Na bheachd bha turus a’ Chinn- fks meagh-bhlath mun Ghkidhlig. Is e sin Suidhe agus a chleirich tuilleadh is cosdail a’ rud a rinneadh, agus cha ghabhadh e a reir an toradh a lean. Ach ciamar a deanamh gun chosdais. Tha duil againn ri bhiodh e air a chaochladh an uair a bheirear toradh ’na km, oir tha cuisean ag amharc fainear cho daor is a tha nithean de gaeh fabharach an ceartuair. seorsa an diugh. Agus a thaobh toradh, tha * * * e ro thrath a bhi ag amharc air a shon. Mur Tha mi a’ leughadh agus a’ cluinntinn gu bhiodh gun do phkidh an Ceann-Suidhe a bheil e coltach gun do chaill Mgr. Mac ehosdais fein, bhiodh an cunntas na bu Phkil a sheann suim do’n Ghkidhlig. ’Nam truime. Bu chbr buill a’ Chomuinn fialachd bheachd fhein is claon-bhreith sin. Cha bu a’ Chinn-Suidhe (an t-Urr. Mgr. MacAoidh) mhaitK learn sin a chreidsinn. Tha mi de’n seo a chumail an cuimhne. bheachd gu bheil e cho dian air taobh na Gkidhlige sa bhk e, ach tha c6ir aig gach neach a bharail fein air nithean a chuir an Thadhail e fein agus an Cleireach an ceill gun athadh, ma shaoileas e gum bi sin iomadh kite air feadh na Gkidhealtachd a’ gu leas ar cknain. Tha cuid againn tagradh as leth a’ Chomuinn, agus chaidh buailteach air breith luath a thoirt air 162 AN DEO-GREINE. cuisean. Tha e soirbh gu leor an aitreamh Cho-dhuin e leis na sreathan seo: — a leagail am broinn a chdile, ach chan ’eil “Seasamaid gu duineil dlleas, e cho soirbh te eile a thogail ’na h-kite. A Cuimhnicheamaid air tir a dh’fhag sinn; rithis mothaichidh sinn rud-eigin de spiorad Gun ar cainnt theid sinn air di-chuimhn’, an dubhachais ag iathadh mun cuairt air Is caillear seilbh air tir nan ard-bheann; cuid. Bu choir fuadach a chur airsan, oir Ach ma sheasas sinn r’a cheile, is beag feum a rinn e riamh do’n dream a ’S a bhi treubhach mar a b’abhuist, ghabh nithean cudthromach as laimh. Tir ar gaoil a chaoidh cha treig sinn; ’S cha tig biginn air ar canain. ” Aig M6d Ghlaschu (1907) chuireadh an t-urram air Mgr. Mac PMil an braid Is feairde sin a bhi ag ath-aithris briathran abhaisteach a labhairt. Rinn e sin gu cothromach. snasail an Gkidhlig chruaidh, bhlasda Thiristeach. Seo agaibh stiall no dha de na thubhairt e: — ARDACHADH NA GAIDHLIG, AGUS “Tha buaidhean-dusgaidh a’ Chomuinn NA SOCHAIREAN A GHEIBH SINN Ghaidhealaich gun teagamh air am faireach- duinn a nis anns gach aite, fathast chan ’eil TROIMH EOLAS OIRRE. am fonn no an durachd mar bu choir dhaibh a bhi anns gach G&idheal tuigseach aig a LE SEUMAS MAC THOMAIS, STEORNABHAGH. bheil flor mheas air a chanain agus air a dhuthaich. Tha da rireadh a’ mhuinntir (Choisinn seo an dara duais aig aig a bheil fior mheas air an cainnt is air an Mod an Obain an uiridh.) cliii mar Ghaidheil na’s gainne na tha gu _Cha ni cliuiteach e, ged is fior e, gur e chuid lebr am beachd. ” C6 is coireach ? An e an as lugha de shluagh Stebmabhaigh, baile Comunn Gaidhealach ? Chan e. Chan b’e mor Innsegall, agus am beachd nan sin ach a bhi a’ cur na diollaide air an each eileanach, priomh bhaile na G&idhealtachd, che&rr. “Tha sinn,” ars’ am ministeir a tha comasach, no dh’iarradh ged bhiodh cbir, “an tim diisgadh suas, agus cuisean a an comas aca, eachdraidh an ama thoirt leasachadh ma tha soirbheachadh mair- seachad ann an G&idhlig fhileanta, neo- eannach gu bhi againn.” Sin dlreach a eisimeileach air canain nan Gall. Ceum air cheart rud tha an Comunn a’ deanamh. Cha cheum tha ’Bheurla a’ fosgladh aite di fein d’thainig dusal cadail air o thoiseach, agus ann an cridhe nan Gkidheal, tha i sgaoil- an diugh tha e ’na lan dhuisg. Mur d’rinn eadh troimh ghlinn is shrathan, tha i e gach ni ris an robh duil aig daoine, cuairteachadh nan eilean as iomallaiche ’s a abramaid am briathran Mhgr. Mhic Phail, Chuan Siar mar an tonn ciar-ghorm tha ’g “chan ann an aon la a nithear na h-uile an taladh gun tamh, agus tha a’ cheud rud.” Nach e seo cainnt neach nach do chainnt ag call a blais. Cha chluinnear i thrbig a cheud ghradh? Tha mi lan chinnt- mar b’abhaist moch-thrath agus feasgar air each gu bheil e air an aon rkmh an diugh sa iomadh cagailt. Cha ghluais milseachd a bha e an uair ud, agus nach bu mhaith leis ciuil fonn an cridhe an oganaich mar air lideadh a bheireadh cron do chanain a tus. Cha chluinnear cho trie feadh mhonadh dhuthcha a rkdh. is shliabh bran gaoil na guanaig a’ snamh * * * air osag an t-samhraidh. Cha bhrosnuichear Chriochnaich e ’oraid leis na focail a gu ionad cur an iubhrach le iorram-cuain leanas:—“Diiisgibh suas a Chlanna nan ann an cainnt ar cridhe fein. Tha iomadh Gaidheal, cruinnichibh an ceann a cheile, cleachdadh a bha sniomhta ann am beatha agus gleidhibh ar coir-bhreith.” “Is e ar nan Gaidheal a’ teicheadh air falbh mar cbir a bhi duthchasail agus dlleas; agus ann dh’eireas an cbo thar mhullach nan sthc aig an aonachd agus an dlcheall, saoireachadh teachd na greine, agus ’nan cuideachd tha air son ainm agus buannachd na tire d’am cainnt nan athraichean a’ dol am muthadh. buin sibh.” “Is e aonachd, cruth- Tha ni so fior thaobh mbran de bhailtean shuidheachadh, agus craobh-sgaoileadh, tri beaga agus mbra na Gkidhealtachd air fad. nithean a dh’fheumas an Comunn a Gun teagamh ’s i Ghbidhlig as bitheanta tha ghleadhadh do ghnath an sealladh, chum ’s air a labhairt fathast ann an taobh a siar gum bi slth is soirbheachadh ’na mheadhon na diithcha, agus anns na h-eileanan is agus trom-thoradh a’ teachd o shaothair." gann gu bheil nl air a labhairt ach i. Ach Nach flrinneach, gasda na briathran sin? is ann tearc tha iadsan as urrainn Gaidhlig AN DEO-GREINE. 163 a leughadh agus a sgriobhadh gu h-ealanta, cuideachadh le luchd teagasg na Gkidhlig cothromach ann an coimeas ri aireamh na anns na sgoilean. Mar thoradh air so tha muinntir a thogadh ann an teaghlaichean sinn toilichte aideachadh gu bheil beagan far nach robh facal air a labhairt ach uine air a chaitheamh a’ leughadh Gaidhlig bhlasda, far nach robh fonn nan cuibhrionn de’n Tiomnadh Nuadh ann an salm air a sheinn ach an canain nan cuid de’r sgoilean. Gaidheal, gidheadh nach aithne ach gu Tha cothrom mar an ceudna ann am leth-chasach cainnt am mathar a beagan de krd sgoilean na Gkidhealtachd chleachdadh. air a thoirt chum Gkidhlig a theagasg ann C’ar son a dhinneadh sinn Laidin, an doigh na’s mion na tha e comasach Frangais, agus Greugais ann an cinn ar fathast anns na sgoilean beaga. Gidheadh, n-6igridh, nithean tha feumail do chuid ach gus an faigh a’ Ghkidhlig rixm uilne nach ^igneach do mhoran eile, ’nuair nach ’eil ’eil aice, eha’n ’eil e furasda moran dine cothrom no iomradh air cknain na cagailt a chosg a’ leughadh eachdraidh nan Gkidheal, theagasg doibh. C’ar son ’nuair tha aite no sgrudadh mar a mhiannaichte an mor aig cainnt choigreach ’nar tighean litreachas. Ach far am bheil toiseach fkis foghluim nach tugadh sinn ’s a’ Ghaidh- bidh siiil ri piseach. ealtachd aite beag do’n chanain againn Tha beagan dhaoine fathast ann tha fhein? C’ar son ’nuair tha sinn ri cosg a nochdadh an grkidh do’n duthaich, agus an leithid de uine a’ foghlum eachdraidh nan ceangal ri cknain an leanabachd, le bhi Gall nach aithne dhuinn eachdraidh no caitheamh an nine sgriobhadh chum oilein litreachas ar sinnsir a leughadh anns a’ nan Gkidheal, leabhraichean nach toir gu chanain anns an do sgriobhadh iad? brkth a steach doibh luach-saothrach. Tha moran d’ar co-aoisean aig a bheil Chan ’’eil suim mar bu choir aig Gkidheil do daimh, an cridhe ris a’ Ghaidhlig ris na leabhraichean Gkidhlig. Cionnas a bhios ’s dh’eisd agus a labhair iad aig tiis am beatha, gun eblas na Gkidhlig aca? agus a ghluaiseas fathast ge b’e kite an Tha cuid eile—ach ’s ann tearc tha iadsan cluinn iad i, aig baile no an diithaich ch&n, —a’ nochdadh an dkimh le bhi toirt de’n faireachdainnean maotha, luachmhor nach cuid gu bhi cur ris an aobhar. Buaidh agus ’eil e an comas do chanain eile fhadadh. piseach dhaibh-san! Nach muladach an nl gur eiginn dhaibh am Saoilidtt mi gu bheil oidheirpean a’ beatha chaitheamh gun chothrom fhaotainn Chomuinn Ghkidhealaich a’ toirt toisich air air fior eblas a chur air ceud chknain an gach oidhirp eile ann a bhi neartachadh ci'iis 6ige. Tha an t-am ann an claidheamh a na Gkidhlig, agus ann a bhi ’cur beatha riisgadh chum catha. Cha choisinn sinn an iiir ’na cnuasachd. Chan e gu bheil sinn la le lamhan paisgte, ni motha bheir riaraichte leis an tomhais soirbheachaidh coigrich buaidh a mach duinn. Seasamaid tha aig a’ Chomunn. Ged nach seas sinn ri guala ri gualainn agus thig an la, agus cha taobh na muinntir nach fhaic ni feumail bhi e fada, ’nuair nach bi naire air Gkidheal ’nan oidhirpean, a their gur e suim na cainnt nam beann ’s nan gleann a sheirm gu saothrach aca bhi liubhairt Sraidean gaothar fonnmhor ard. gun tairbhe ’nan lorg, agus.bhi dannsadh ri ’S fhiach gl6ir na crlche deuchainn na cebl na pioba moire san eideadh Ghkidheal- saothrach. aich, feumaidh sinn aideachadh gu bheil na Tha solus misnich tighinn san fhradharc gkgan na’s motha na’n t-ubh. air fkire. Tha Achd Ur an Fhoghluim Ach far nach bi fuaim, cha bhi moran (1918) ’cur mar fhiachaibh air luchd beatha. Fuilgidh each maith breab a riaghlaidh gu’m bi Gkidhlig air a teagasg leigeadh leis. Bdradh iad na cnuic ma’s anns gach sgoil anns a’ Ghkidhealtach far kill led ma dheasaicheas iad leabhraichean am bheil luchd labhairt Gkidhlig. Cha’n sgoile dhuinne, agus mur leig iad fois do’n ann gun ullachadh m6r ghabhas sin kite gu luchd-riaghlaidh gus am bi fear teagasg coitchionn, ach thig sinn a dh’ionnsuidh na Gkidhlig anns gach sgoil ’s a’ Ghkidhealt- puing sin fathast. achd le cothrom cknain na Fdinne liubhairt. Thugadh oidhirpean roimhe so chum ’S iomadh rathad anns am bheil an cuideachadh agus adhartus a dheanamh le Comunn Gkidhealach a’ cuideachadh an cnuasachd agus foghlum na Gkidhlig, agus aobhair ion-mholta air am bheil sinn a’ tha toradh nan nithean sin r’a fhaicinn an labhairt. Tha iad ri tarruing aire dhaoine diugh. O chionn iomadh bliadhna air ais anns gach kite gu bkrdachd agus beul-chebl chuireadh suim airgid air leth le Comunn nan Gkidheal; tha iad a’ diisgadh eud na Gkidhealtach ’s nan Eilean gu bhi cridhe gu bhi dlleas do chliii an sinnsir: tha 164 AN DEO-GKEINE. iad a’ cuideachadh le oibrichean tha Gaidhlig fhaighinn chum na criche so ? Tha ceangailte ’nan eachdraidh ri eachdraidh ciiid a’ cumail a mach nach ’eil. Ach tha nan G&idheal. Ach tha ni as feumaile na dearbhachd sheasmhachd againn o luchd- iad so aca ’g a dheanamh chum adhartus rannsachaidh, gu bheil gu leoir agus r’a ann an cnuasachd agus foghlum na sheachnadh de rosg shnasmhor taisgte ann G&idhlig. Tha iad a’ cur a mach an leabhraichean Ikmh-sgriobhta feitheamh leabhraichean sgoile Gaidhlig 'tha do- ri deasachadh agus ri clb-bhualadh. Tha sheachnaichte feumail. Is e gainne tuilleadh’s na tha feumail de bhkrdachd ann leabhraichean freagarrach bacadh cho mor an leabhraichean duinte mar an ceudna. ’s a bha seasamh as an rathad air piseach Am bheil foghlumaichean ann tha comasach coir sam bith ann a’ foghlum ar canain. air deasachadh iomchuidh a dheanamh air Cha robh rian air adhartus. na sgriobhaidhean sin? Leugh na leabh- Tha e cho eu-comasach Gaidhlig a raichean tha cheana air an cur a mach leis theagasg gun leabhraichean freagarrach ri a’ Chomunn Ghaidhealach agus gheibh thu inbhe na cloinne agus tha e Beurla freagairt na ceiste. Sineadh ar luchd theagasg dhaibh. Co chuireadh “Macbeth” duthcha an Ikmh, agus gheibhear air beulaibh gille ochd no deich bliadhna leabhraichean air an deasachadh. dh’aois. Ged tha “Caraid nan Gkidheal” Chan e mhain gu bheil rosg agus bardachd gu maith, cha fhreagair e sgoilearan bga agus Ghaidhlig ann an leabhraichean lamh- sean, ni motha tha “Skr Obair Nam Bard” sgriobhta dh’fheudadh bhi air an uidheam- r’a mholadh do’n bheag agus do’n mhor. achadh chum feum ’s na sgoilean, ach tha Dh ’fhoghlum an Comunn Gaidhealaeh so, mar an ceudna leabhraichean an clb a agus mar thoradh air sin chunnaic iad dh’fheudtadh ath-dheasachadh chum an iomchuidh leabhraichean sgoile chur a mach cur an cumadh freagarrach airson feum. o laimh an Ollamh Maighstir Watson, agus Tha moran de dheagh bhkrdachd ann an tha siiil ri tuilleadh. Tha “Rosg Gkidhlig “Skr Obair Nam Bkrd,” agus moran nach agus “Bardachd Ghkidhlig” araon taitneach ’eil idir airidh air an ainm, agus beagan nach r’an leughadh agus freagarrach air son iarradh sinn gun cluinnte le cluais ar cloinne os cionn da bhliadhna dheug a n-6igridh e no gum faicte le’n suil e. Tha dh’aois. Tha iad le eh&le do-sheachnaichte chuid mh6r de’n leabhar air a dheasachadh feumail airson teagasg na G&idhlig. Gu air bheag chur am, a nochdadh iomrallan cinnteach choisinn an t-Ollamh ar n-iobairt callar. ’S e leabhar maith bhiodh an so buidheachais le a shaothair. Tha feum air na’n robh ath dheasachadh air a dheanamh tuilleadh a chur ris na tha cheana an cl6 de air fo Ikimh sgoilear ciiramach agus leabhraichean freagarrach do chloinn bg. earbsach a ghleidheadh a’ chuid as fekrr agus Mus tig a’ Ghaidhlig a dh’ionnsuidh an aite a dh’fhkgadh a mach a’ chuid nach fib. tha dligheach dhith am measg nan cknain, Gheibhear mar an ceudna rosg ann an clb feumar cur ris an t-saothair tha fathast taisgte ann an leabhraichean tuilleadh agus deanta. Chan ann gun chruaidh strl a daor airson gu ruig sgoilearan bochda orra, dh’ fhosglar aite dhith anns na sgoilean. mar tha “Uirsgeulan Iain Oig He,” “Am Feumaidh dearbhadh soilleir bhi againn gu Fear Ciuil,” “Caraid Nan Gkidheal, ” agus bheil litreachas freagarrach ri l&imh am mbran eile. Bhiodh e buannachdail pailteas, agus gu bheil e comasach luchd- leabhraichean freagarrach a dheanamh suas teagaisg uidheamachadh tha inntinneach gu le iosad o sgriobhaidhean de’n leithidibh bhi cur an Ikimh’ ris an obair. Agus ged _sin. gheibheadh an t-Achd Ur cothrom oibreach- Tha kireamh mhaith de leabhraichean aidh cha bhi l£m bhuaidh le saothair luchd- sgrudaidh againn cheana, ach theagamh gu teagaisg gus am bi tuilleadh leabhraichean bheil kite fathast do leabhar de’n t-sebrsa Gkidhlig air an cur an cl6. sin. Bhiodh sinn toilichte foclair saor le Tha feum air leabhraichean ann an rosg focail bheurla air am mineachadh an agus ann am bardachd freagarrach ri inbhe Gkidhlig fhaicinn. Tha feum air a leithid na cloinne o aois deich bliadhna gu aois ochd sin. bliadhna deug. Feudaidh nach d’thainig ’S e sochair bhiodh ann na’m faighte an t-km fathast Gaidhlig a theagasg do leabhran an Gkidhlig a bheireadh ann an chloinn an taobh a stigh do dheich bliadhna. ckinnt so-thuigsinn do chloinn eachdraidh Theagamh gu bheil aon chknain gu lebir litreachais nan Gkidheal. Tha leabhraich- dhaibh gus an tig iad gu tomhas do neart am ean maith de’n t-sebrsa againn am Beurla bodhaig ’s afi inntinn. (M. Maclean’s “Literature of the Celts,” Am bheil e comasach pailteas rosg and “Literature of the Highlands”) ach tha Aft DEO-GREINE. i65 iad sin ro dhaor airson gum faic sinn an b ’amaideas da rireadh a bhi call iiiil agus laimh gach sgoileir iad. saothair, ann a bhi cur a’ chanain air a Tha sinn a’ creidsinn gur ann ri casan. Chan fhiach le moran an diugh ni cunntas a’ Chomuinn dh’fheudas sinn an fhoghlum ach ni a lionas am pocaid cothrom tha nis air a thoirt an Glaschu agus le airgiod gun mhionaid dalach. Than an Inbhimis gu bhi cur ri e61as luchd- t-airgiod maith, agus cha deanar a chuis as teagaisg na Gaidhlig a chur. Bu mhaith aonais. Cha mhb a bhacas eolas na gun gabhadh moran an cothrom. ’S e Gaidhlig duine o bheartas a dheanamh le aobhar misnicb tha ann bhi faicinn onair. Gaidhlig air a teagasg ann an tri de oil- Chan ’eil sinn a’ tagairt kite na Beurla thighean na h-Alba an diugh. Ach bithidh thoirt do’n Ghaidhlig ’nar sgoilean—tha fios uine fatbast mus urrainn ach beagan an againn gur i Beurla as feumaile gu cothrom tha na h-oil-thighean a’ toirt cbmhnadh leinn ann an solair loin—ni motha seachad a ghabhail. Feumar toiseachadh chailleadh sinn craicionn nan dbm a cur ’sna sgoilean mu’n deanar feum do’n catha as a leth na’n creideadh sinn gu robh teagasg a gbeibbear annta. Cha chuirear a’ eblas oirre ’na bhacadh air adhartas ann am chlach mhullaich ’na h-aite mus caraichear foghlum agus cnuasachd na Beurla. Tha a’ chlach steidh. A dh’aindeoin oidhirp dearbhachd againn ’nar n-eachdraidh fein bhios deanta gu bhi neartachadh eolais na agus ann an eachdraidh sgoilearan a chaidh Gaidhlig, ’s ann caillte bhios an t-saothair troimh ar lamhan gur ann tha eblas air an gus am bi cuisean air an ceartachadh anns dara canain ’na chbmhnadh mbr gu bhi na sgoilean an toiseach. Gheibhear an rbiteach, air son na te eile. Chan ann aon oigridh an sin. Ma chaillear iadsan uair no dk uair a thainig sinn trasd air caillear an la. Ach ma dh’ullaichear am sgoilear thug toiseaph air each araon am fonn san earrach bidh suil ri toradh san Beurla agus an Gaidhlig. Db’n dearbhachd fhogharadh. as soilleire na sin air nach ’eil eblas na Toisicheamaid ma ta le cothrom a thoirt Gkidhlig a’ bacadh soirbheachadh ann an do luchd-teagaisg na Gaidhlig tha nis againn, cnuasachd na Beurla. feum a dheanamh anns na sgoilean Gaidh- Canaidh cuid, agus theid sinn leb ’s a’ ealach de na leabhraichean a tha cheana phuing, nach h-urrainnear na h-uile ni ullamh. Mar sin bidh fonn air ullachadh theagasg ’sna sgoilean. Agus do bhrlgh sin anns am freumhaich teagasg Gaidhlfg anns their iad nach ’eil e iomchuidh Gkidhlig a na h-ard sgoilean agus ann na h-oil- sparradh air amhaich dhaoine ’s a’ thighean. Uidh air n-uidh cuirear ri Ghkidhealtachd. Ach mar h-urrainnear an aireamh nan leabhraichean air am bheil ebrr chur ris na tha cheana air a theagasg, feum agus ri aireamh an luchd-teagaisg. am bheil dearbhachd againn gu bheil gach Chan ann le aon bhuille leagar a’ chraobh. nl tha faighinn kite air elkr-innsidh ’sna Na sglthicheamaid de’n deagh obair, agus sgoilean Gkidhealach na’s feumaile na ceud gun amharus thig a’ Ghaidhlig a chknain nam balach agus na nigheanan tha dh’ionnsuidh an aite tha dligheach dith ann air am bacadh o eblas fhaighinn air cainnt an an sgoilean na Gaidhealtachd, agus mar a cridhe fein. Gheibhear uine gu bhi teagasg leanas an 1& an oidhche, le feartan brlogh- Greugais, Laidinn, Frangais, a’ chainnt mhfir so, iarraidh cuiridh eolas na seann Spkinteach, agus tha cuid diombach nach chanain comhdach dreachmhor, urar air ’eil an tuilleadh furan againn ri cknain nan gach glaic is cnoc. Ruiseanach. Ach Gkidhlig—a mach i! Tha beannachdan a’ sruthadh ann an Am measg nan sochairean agus a’ bhuann- lorg eblas na Gaidhlig. achd tha tighinn an cois eblas na Gkidhlig, Ma lorgaicheas tu mach a’ mhuinntir tha chltear na nithean a leanas. cinnteach ’nam barail fein, agus tha mdran Tha eachdraidh nan Gkidheal a’ sineadh diubh ’nar measg, gur e saothair fhiis tha air ais troimh nan linntinn, eachdraidh tha ann Gaidhlig a theagasg do’n bigridh, gheibh airidh air na h-uile cor air eblas a ghabhail thu mach nach ’eil smid Gkidhlig ’nan oirre. Na buadhan agus na cleachdainnean ceann. De an tonaisg tha aig daoine san tha comharrachadh a mach nan Gkidheal re t-suidheachadh bhochd sin do luach na an eachdraidh air fad, tha iad airidh air ath- Gaidhlig. Thoireadh iad breith air an ni is chuimhne bhi air a dheanamh orra ann an aithne dhaibh, agus an sin biodh fiughair aca inntinn an t-sliochd tha ag eirigh ’nan gu’n bisd sinn riubha. dbidh. Cha tuigear na Gkidheil a dh’fhalbh, Tha buannachd ann an lorg eolas na cha tuigear eachdraidh na Gkidhealtachd, no Gaidhlig. Mur biodh suil ri maith ceud eachdraidh na h-Albann gun eblas 166 AN DEO-GRBINE. fhaighinn air tiis air an litreachas anns am dh’ionnsuidh na Gaidhlig, no o’n Ghaidhlig bheil solus air a thilgeil air inntinn an dh’ionnsuidh na Beurla. Gabh Laidionn no t-sluaigh sin thaobh nithean an t-saoghail Greugais, ma’s aill leat, an aite na Gaidhlig tha lathair, agus na nithean tha foluichte. agus cha bhi aon seach aon aca cho buann- Chan ’eil nl as soilleire bheir dhuinn ebias achdail chum na crlche sin a chuairteachadh. air nadur nan daoine so, air a’ ghne caithe- Tha sinn a’ labhairt o ar fein-fhiosrachadh beatha bha aca anns na h-amannan ceothar ’s a’ chiiis so. a dh’falbh, agus air an sealladh bha aca 'Nuair gheibh canain diithcha bas gheibh thaobh an d&imh ri Dia agus ri duine na an sluagh mar shluagh sonruichte bas mar gheibhear o leughadh gu ciiramach na an ceudna. Sguir an Laidinn a bhi air a h-uirsgeulan saobh-chrtibhach, agus eideach- labhairt mar chainnt choitchionn, cha ail, a’ bhardachd, agus na gnath-fhocail anns luaithe a sguir na chailleadh sealladh air na am bheil beatha nan seann Ghaidheal air a Bomanaich mar shluagh. Teirgeadh eolas togail fa chomhair ar sill mar dhealbh an na G&idhlig, agus bidh na Giudheil cho beag sgathan. suim dhiubh agus bithidh cho beag eagal Nach ’eil e iomchuidh gu’m biodh eolas rompa ri cinneach coitchionn sam bith eile. aig Gaidheil air eachdraidh an sinnsir fein, Ma tha sinn eudmhor gu mair na Gaidheil ’nuair tha iad air an co-eigneachadh gu bhi mar chinneach do’n buin buadhan agus a cur edlais air eachdraidh rioghachdan eile. cleachdainnean sonruichte—agus c6 their Na nithean sin tha air mhodh araidh nach ’eil—ma’s kill leinn nach bi sinn air sniomhta an n&dur nan Gaidheal, agus ’g an ar slugadh suas leis na Goill, agus cha b’e comharrachadh a mach mar shluagh, mar ar n-iarrtus, leasamaid ar n-e61as air tha speis cinnidh, gradh teaghlaich, canain nan Gaidheal agus togamaid a’ fialaidheachd, gaisge, naire, agus spiorad Ghaidhlig thar srath is chlachan. neo-thrailleil, ’s fhiach iad sin bhi beachd- achadh orra, agus gheibhear cunntas mu’n Ma tha feum air facal eile is e so e. Is deidhinn ann an litreachas Gaidhlig tha ann i Ghaidhlig ar canain fhein agus an ni sin is an tomhas mor fathast taisgte ann an leinn fein is muirneach againn e. Na biodh leabhraichean duinte. e comasach ma ta do choigreach a radh ri Tha moran sgriobhaidh ann an rosg agus ar ,n-6igridh an deidh so, “Is aithne dhuit am bardachd Ghaidhlig, cuid ann an iad sud uile, dh’fhoghlum thu iad o d’oige; leabhraichean tha furasda fhaighinn agus ach tha aon ni dhith ort fathast. Pill a moran tha fathast feitheamh ri deasachadh. dh’ionnsuidh a’ chlachain agus thoir leat Am bheil e idir ceart gu’m biodh cho canain do mhathar fein. liuthad aon ’nar measg nach urrainn feum a dheanamh do na sgr'iobhaidhean sin ? 0 Thugamaid dhaibh eolas leughaidh agus sgriobhaidh agus fosgaileamaid an t-ionmhas THE REVIVAL OF GAELIC. so fa’n comhair. ’S e aon de na h-aobharan air son am bheil aite cho m6r aig Laidinn agus Greugais anns WORK OF AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. na sgoilean agus anns na h-oil-thighean gu bheil iad ’nam meadhon freagarrach gu bhi ag altrum geiread inntinn, gu bhi ag The Executive Council of An Comunn aiteach a’ chridhe le smuaintean uasal agus Gaidhealach met in the Golden Lion cothromach, agus gu bhi dusgadh deagh Hotel, Stirling, on Friday evening, 1st ruin ann an spiorad an luchd leughaidh. July, when several important matters were Tha na criochan sin uile ion-mholta, agus brought up and discussed. The Bev. G. W. tha iad againn anns an t-sealladh ann bhi Mackay, M.A., Killin, the president, was in teagasg na Gaidhlig. Feudar na criochan the chair. sin uile, agus tuilleadh ’nan cois, a chuairt- Dealing with the reports of the Propa- eachadh leis a’ chanain againn fhein, agus ganda Committee, the Chairman paid a cha chanainn gu’m biodh an sarachadh air tribute to the work of the organising secre- a’ chloinn cho m6r. tary (Mr. Neil Shaw) in his visits to the Chan aithne dhomh meadhon as feumaile Highlands, with which he, as president, was do chloinn nan GMdheal chum cothrom associated. The addresses which Mr. Shaw thoirt dhaibh an inntinn chur air ghleus agus had given in Gaelic had demonstrated to am buadhan a chleachdadh gu rannsachail Mr. Mackay the power of the language to na bhi ag eadar-theangachadh o’n Bheurla express ideas and to describe the work of AN DE6-GREINE. 167 the Comunn, as well as its power in logic, importance of local mods, and such mods and the President urged upon the Comunn had been held, and were still being held, in the desirability of continuing these visits to various places. They were looking forward the branches. There was no doubt, he said, to the time when the competitors at the big that the language was going back—on the central mod would consist largely of the best Mainland particularly; not nearly so much performers at the local mods. on the Islands—but he hoped no one would go away with the idea that it was too late GAELIC DRAMA COMPETITION. to do anything to save it. It might be the The report of the Special Committee tenth or the eleventh hour, but even at the appointed to deal with the Gaelic drama tenth or the eleventh hour many of the competition was submitted. Having con- noblest and best causes had been saved, and sidered the reports of the adjudicators—Dr. he believed the Gaelic cause could be saved Calder, Glasgow University, and Professor if the Comunn put forward all its efforts, and Watson, Edinburgh—the committee resolved if they could get the Education Authorities to award the first prize of £100 to the paper in the Highlands to encourage Gaelic teach- entitled “Mairead,” and the second prize to ing in the schools by appointing Gaelic- the play named “Rath-Innis, ” and on the speaking teachers as far as possible. entries being opened it was found that the author of “Mairead” was Mr. Archibald LOCAL MODS SUGGESTED. M'Culloch, Ashton, Gourock, “Rath-Innis” Mr. H. F. Campbell, advocate, Aberdeen, being by Mr. John M'Cormack, Glasgow. considered that if Gaelic was to be put on a It was stated that the suitability of the plays sounder footing and recover its hold in the for stage representation was taken into con- Highlands they must do more propaganda sideration in addition to their literary and work among the young, and he suggested the other merits. holding of two local mods for young people Mr. Malcolm Macleod thought the annually, one in the south of the Highlands Comunn’s cordial congratulations should be and the other in the north of the Highlands. conveyed to Mr. M'Culloch and Mr. The Rev. William MacPhail, Kilbrandon, M'Cormack. He had read both papers, and thought it was a sorry commentary on the he was quite satisfied that when Mr. work of the Comunn Gaidhealach if two of M'Culloch’s play was produced it would their officials were to be kept itinerating prove most entertaining and attractive. It almost from the one end of the year to the was a clever, racy, and bright production, other to keep interest in the language alive. and would, he was sure, achieve great popu- While he agreed that the secretary had done larity. It was hoped to have it produced at excellent work, he did not think that to incur the forthcoming mod in Glasgow. Dr. an expenditure of over £100 a year on travel- Calder and Professor Watson had expressed ling expenses was money well spent for the themselves as delighted with the high level purpose of keeping branches alive. He was of literary excellence reached in the competi- in accord with the views of Mr. Campbell tion. There were nine competitors, and the regarding local mods, which exercised a work of five of these was really outstanding. strong pull upon young and old people alike. It was agreed that the three papers next Many people who would not trouble to go to to the first and second prize plays should be hear the president or the secretary speak retained by the Comunn, if the authors were would turn out with their children to a mod. willing, for a payment of £10 in each case. Mr. Angus Robertson, Pollokshields, The delay which had taken place in the thought the time was past when they should making of arrangements for the teaching of talk of Gaelic dying or reviving. It was Gaelic in the schools of Argyllshire was either dying (and, if so, nothing could revive referred to by the Rev. William MacPhail, it) or it had got a healthy promise, as he who remarked that although something like believed it had. And the way it could be two years had elapsed since the matter was kept alive was not by meetings or speeches inaugurated little or nothing had been done from silvery-tongued presidents or secre- Mr. H. F. Campbell, in reply, stated that taries, but by the fact—and that fact alone the Education Committee were working on —that the young men found sufficient this subject. incentive and intelligence in their own PROPAGANDA WORK. language, as much as in any other. The accounts for the year to May 15 were Mr. Malcolm Macleod, Ibrox, explained presented by the treasurer, Mr. Robert that the Comunn had been quite alive to the Macfarlane, C.A., Glasgow. With an ex- 168 AN DEO-GREINE. penditure of £886 8s 4£d, the ordinary FROM THE BOOK OF THE DEAN OF accounts showed a debit balance of £229 Is 3Jd, chiefly accounted for by the LISMORE. loss on “An Deo-Greine.’’ The income in respect of the Mod at Oban last year PROFESSOR W. J. WATSON. amounted to £748 Is 9d, and after meeting expenditure of £673 15s 9d, there was a (Continued.) credit balance of £74 6s. James MacGregor, the Dean of Lismore, The Chairman, referring to the accounts, compiled his book in the early part of the pointed out that while the expenses of the sixteenth century. The poems contained in secretary’s propaganda tour this year his collection were composed in the literary amounted to £101 11s 9d, against £42 17s 2d Gaelic which was so long common to Ireland in the previous year, the donations in respect and Scotland, but he gives them in a of the tour this year came to £63 4s, com- phonetic spelling, which is coloured by the pared with £6 13s in the former year. When vernacular Scottish Gaelic of his time and they began this propaganda work three years district. The book is therefore of great ago, the branches, in consequence of the value for the history of the language. It is war, had been reduced to the number of 20; obvious, however, that before any conclu- the branches now numbered about 80, the sions in that direction can be arrived at, the 60 new branches which had been formed Dean’s phonetic text must be restored as during the last two years having been nearly as possible to the form in which it brought into existence at a cost of about £1 left the hands of the poets—mostly trained each. bards—by whom it was composed. This is The accounts were passed. an extremely difficult task, requiring The following nominations were received familiarity with poetry of a similar character, for offices to be filled at the forthcoming with the Dean’s phonetics, and, above all, annual meeting:—For president, Rev. G. with the severe and intricate metres used by W. Mackay, M.A., Killin; for vice-president, the bards. The interest of the work is great Mrs. W. J. Watson, Edinburgh, and Mr. in proportion: to resurrect successfully the H. F. Campbell, Aberdeen; for ten mem- harmonies that have so long lain hid under bers of the council, Dr. Watson, Edinburgh; the Dean’s spelling, and to make the old Dr. William MacKay, Inverness; Miss bards vocal after their sleep of centuries is Campbell of Inverneill; Miss Campbell of a delight worth some drudgery. Succoth; Capt. A. C. MacLaren, Dervaig; The poem given in last number is Rev. Neil Ross, Edinburgh; Messrs. Archi- addressed to Torquil MacLeod of Lewis, who bald Stewart, Cambuslang; Roderick succeeded his father Ruairidh as chief MacLeod, Inverness; Neil Orr, Duddings- shortly before 1500. He married a daughter ton; J. P. Grant, yr., of Rothiemurchus; of MacCailin. Another daughter of Mac- H. F. Campbell, Aberdeen; John Bartholo- Cailin was wife of Angus Og, son of John, mew of Glenorchard, Torrance; R. Percy the last Lord of the Isles. Their son was Thomson, Bearsden. Dr. MacKay, Inver- Domhnall Dubh, who naturally claimed the ness, wrote to say that on account of his position of his grandfather. He made his age he did not wish to be re-elected to the way to Lewis, and was strongly supported council, while Dr. Watson also desired to be by Torquil, his uncle by marriage. But the relieved of the duties of office on account of attempt to restore the Lords of the Isles the pressure of other work. failed; Torquil was ultimately forfeited. The Rev. William MacPhail gave notice The date and manner of his death are of motion that bye-law 28 be amended by unknown. The poet’s name is not recorded. leaving out “translation from the Gaelic NOTES. language.’ The metre is Rannaigheacht Reconiarcach. Mr. H. F. Campbell gave notice of motion Each line has seven syllables and ends on a amending Rule 25 of the Constitution and dissyllable. The couplets rhyme, e.g., Rules. e61us/Le6dhus; d^antar/ceadna. Aichill A notice of motion was also intimated occurs in each couplet, e.g., in rann 1, from Mr. T. D. M‘Donald, Oban, to the athair/flathaibh; aigneadh/caidreabh; rann effect that the official organ of An Comunn, 2, flatha/ratha; fhuair mi/Ruairl; rann 3, “An Deo-Greine,’’ should be published comh6il/on6ir; cathaibh/athair, etc. There quarterly instead of monthly. is no alliteration. Elision is used very spar- AN DEO-GREINE. 169 ingly. It is noteworthy that in rann 2, (The reading is Sdr Obair, “sliochd fhuair mi is treated as one word. Ollaghair is Ochraidh,’’ is plainly wrong Rann 1.—aoibh, Ms. eygh; compare yghel metrically.) Boirbhe is, of course, Bergen kein, i.e. aoibhjcaoin, McL. 96, 31; else- in Norway, usually Beirbhe, Baile na where Eygh represents Aodh, R.C. I, 6, 28. Beirbhe, of old Bjorgvin, Bjorgyn, from 3. —tigh comhoil,Norse house bjarg, of plural co-drinking, bjorg, rocks. It is there- houseof feasting; “symposium. ” dirmheach, fore quite natural to find carraig coupled with famed, from direarnh, number, consideration; it. On p. 74, II of R.C. and elsewhere so “dob fhearr eineach is aireamh,’’ who charga is for chairge (genitive). The metri- were most generous and most renowned, cal difficulty may be removed by dropping R.C. I, 92, 7. leis, as in r. 10. 4. —da dtigcadh, 8.Ms. has “da deggow 1 ra —-mearcholg, Ms. mercholl, but rhyme linn torkill, ’’ and the l is printed in R.C. It and sense require mearcholg, “brisk would naturally mean caoga, fifty, which swords.’’ seancholg : Fionn has a shield would make good sense—‘ ‘ if fifty poets were called “an Seancholl Snigheach,” the to come in the time of Torcul, he would not Ancient Dripping Hazel,’’ described in be the man to make refusal to the weighty Duanaire Finn, p. 34 seqq. band’’; but this gives two syllables too many Duanaire Finn, p. 34 seqq. We might, of in the line, and the l must be accidental. course, keep mearcholl, “ of fierce destruc- The meaning is “Torcul would not refuse the tion,’’ and read in line 2, seancholl snigh- Tromdhamh (Great Bardic Company), if it each, but this would spoil the end-rhyme, came in his time,’’ and the reference is to and make inferior sense besides. the famous train of Senchan Torpeist when 9. —ceannghdig, descriptive genitive, he came to claim the hospitality of Guaire, “notch-headed’’; the shield may have been the proverbially generous king of Connacht. conceived as scolloped, or as having a large (See “Imtheacht na Tromdhaimhe’’— rounded notch in the top. oirdheirc, Ms. Ossianic Society ) orryk; other spellings of oirdheirc are. doghni, etc., “who work for him wrrik R.C. 54, 21; urrik McL. 100 9. The a deed that is most lasting, recalling Guaire poet probably wrote ordhairc to make visible son of Colman,’’ i.e., they (the poets) make rhyme with formaid. for Torcul a memorial in their panegyrics, foras formaid, “cause of envy of the which will cause his fame for liberality to poets’’; compare Adv. Lib. Ms. XLVIII, 11: endure like that of Guaire. na sochair-si 6 linn Chormuic 5. —ag teacht, as heis facomes formuid to naenter bfileadh. a fray, Ms. “a tacht gow dull in c, ’’—the rest “these privileges from the time of Cormaic illegible. are cause of envy of the poets. ’’ 6. —do a h-aithle, Ms. “Id der me za halle’’; aithle/aithne is certain; compare usa leise, Ms. “wssles y bronnych/no elli “halli in noill,’’ for “h-aithle an oil,’’ R.C. ollew in sirri. ’ ’ 88, 13; “halli'ny4 selga” for “h-aithle na 10. —The Liath Macha and the Dubh sealga,’’ Ms. p. 304. The regular phrase is Saingleann were Cuchulainn’s famous “as a h-aithle,’’but d’aithle occurs, e.g., horses. “An Dearg Drifichtach,” “the Red R.C. II, 268, “d’aithle Chuinn,’’ etc. Here Dewy One, ” was the name of Colum Cille’s we should have expected “d’a h-aithle,’’ but boat, here used strangely as the name of a the metre does not admit of the elision. “I horse, apparently. assert thereafter,’’ etc. nior, etc., “it were no marvel that a man 7:—The extra syllable in the first line of his custom should be no refuser of makes the reading doubtful; Ms. “da bi les horses. ’’ a charga worwe/schayd is sorwe hor fal.’’ 11. —aidhreannj Saingleann : I take “Bhoirbhe/soirbhe’’ is certain, and the aidhreann to be for adhrann, habitual present mention of Boirbhe is natural in a of adhraim, I reverence, follow, so spelled MacLeod eulogy; compare Mary MacLeod to rhyme with Saingleann. in Cumha MhicLeoid : — 12. —The word in the Ms. corresponding Is e mo ghaol-sa an sliochd foirmeil to the blank is mygith, rhyming with anyth. Bha air sliochd Ochraidh is Olbhuir which I have made eineach, face, counten- O bhaile na Boirbhe. ance. 170 AN DEO-GRtilNE. rneadhrach, Ms. meny1, which gives no NOTES. word that I know of to rhyme with This graceful little poem is addressed to teaghlach. John, son of William MacLeod of Harris and 14. —dgha, genitiveDDunvegan. of dgh, battle.John MacLeod must be the 15. —“There ischief no sonwho, of accordingking or princeto Alexander Mac- that I have heard of, however great his kenzie, was known as “John Borb,’’ and fortune—though often have we visited who led his clan at Harlaw in 1411. His them—whom I have found better than mother, whose name is here recorded as Torcul. ’’ Seonaid, i.e. Jonet or Janet, was a daughter 16. —Caitriona,of also Maclean Caitiriona, of Lochbuy. sometimes treated as two words, e.g., “cumha Hr. M'Lauchlan gives the poet’s name as Caitreach iona,’’ R.C. II, 274. The verges Mac Eachag, with the note “this name is at the end are the regular compliment to very indistinct in the Ms., and cannot be the chief’s lady. given with certainty.’’ It is illegible now, and Ewen MacLachlan did not attempt it. cornan, some kind of plant with curly ' The metre is Rannaigheacht Dialtach, with leaves or flowers. seven syllables in each line,, and each line ar ndiola, Ms. “ir neilli,’’ the phonetic ending on a word of one syllable. The coup- spelling, d being eclipsed; “we have got a lets have end-rhyme, e.g., Eoin/Leoid; and lady to our mind.’’ there is aichill in each couplet, e.g., deas/ gasta, comely; from gas, a stalk, shoot, steach; mach/damh; geal-teacht; deas/ with the suffix-da used to form adjectives. each. Casta, twisted, curly; passive participle of Rann 3 : shitheamhail, lasting, enduring; casaim, I twist, twine, plait. Ms. heithwl. MOLADH AIR EOIN MAC UILLIAM 4. Cldr Sgi, the surface, district, land of MHIC-LEOID NA H-EARRADH. Skye; cldr is extremely common in this sense (M‘L. 106.) in the older poetry, e.g. Cldr Fionnghall, A h-Ughdar-sa [Mac-Eachaig. ] the Hebrides; Clar Monaidh, Northern Scot- 1. Diombach me d’an ghaoith a deas, land; Cldr Mumhan, Munster, &c. Ireland 6 nach leigeann a steach Eoin; is Cldr Conghail, Cldr Cormaic, Clar is i ar n-a bhreith a mach Criomhthainn, &c. dionach, compare “a ar dtoidheacht damh go MacLeoid. tight lad” in English. 2. Mac Seonaide na seol ngeal, 5. “It is now the eight day since Mac- da mbadh ail leis teacht ar chuan, Leod’s following (oireacht) has gone from us nocha nfhasdadh gaoth a deas with John: their prowess and their might Eoin mac Uilliam na n-each luath. match the household of M. of the great ...” In line 4 the Ms. reads “re tylych 3. Ni chodlaim oidhche no la morri* a vor c . . .” The rest is illegible nach bhfaicim 6’n traghaid-se thuaith to me, but Dr. M'Lauchlan reads chreith; long shitheamhail an t-siuil ghil, Ewen MacLachlan read chr . . .; Walter long an fhir le mbristear ruaig. MacLeod has cru. Morrb should rhyme 4. Ag so an tuarasgbhail thug c&ch with heart; it may be read marri1, or possibly ar mac Uilliam 6 Chl&r Sgi: marnri*, though the latter is unlikely. giolla dionach deidgheal deas, 6. I have supplied ngear and a gcein fear nach daradh neach mu ni. conjecturally; the words are quite gone in 5. An t-ochtmhadh la uainn f& Eoin, the Ms. oighre Mhic Leoid na nrosg . . . 7. “Son of William to whom is dealt cosmhail a n-eangnamh’s a neart mead ’ ’; mead was the drink of nobles; com- re teaghlach M . . . an mh6r . . pare “do ddiledh orrtha ann sin fin Ann ar 6. Fear faoilteach nach folchann seoid na flaithibh, 7 sen mid etrom imarsaid ar na tuarasgbhail Eoin na n-arm (ngear): h-uaislibh, 7 brogbid ar na brugadaib, 7 cuirm fear th&d ’san tachair ar dtiis, ar cdch co coitchend b shoin a mach, ” there fear ler cuireadh a chid (a gcein). was dealt to them then white wine to the 7. Mac Uilliam d’a nd&iltear miodh, princes, very old light (i.e. exhilarating) mac Sebnaide ar sliocht an riogh : mead to the nobles, bragget to the yeomen, d& gcluininn a theacht a tuaith and ale to all the rest in general. (Glen do bhiodh mo ghruaim ar ndol diom. Masan Ms., Celtic Review I, 304.) AN DEO-GRtflNE. 171 SECRETARY'S PAGE. to that of the regions where it still flourishes ? * * * Mu’m bi an aireamh so dhe’n “Deo The answer to that question, as parlia- Greine’’ an lamhan ar luchd-leughaidh bidh mentarians say, is in the negative. Further, leabhar eile air dunadh air aireamh co- no one who is familiar with the English fharpaisichean a’ Mhbid. Tha gach bliadhna spoken in those places which, comparatively a’ cur ris an aireamh agus tha diiil nach bi recently, were bi-lingual, but in which Gaelic Mod Ghlaschu air dheireadh air each. Gu has now ceased, will hold for a moment that dearbh is e beachd mhorain gu’m bi e os the new is better than the old. It used to cionn na chaidh roimhe. Ma bhios sinn beo be said that Inverness had the best English chi sinn. Tha gnothaichean a’ sealltuinn gu accent of any town in the British Isles barr- math co-dhiubh. ing perhaps Dublin. When it gained that * * * high reputation were its people not for the Arrangements are now complete for stag- most part bi-lingual ? By the way, it is but ing the Prize Drama, “Mairead, ” on the right to acknowledge cordially the friendly evening of Thursday, 29th September. The spirit in which the “Herald’’ article was Large Hall of the Athenaeum has been written. booked for the occasion, and advance book- * * * ing will be available in ample time. The It was very pleasant to be at the Celtic platform is admirably suited for staging Congress at Douglas. The Manx people plays and, with appropriate scenery, the per- were delightful, and one felt at home with formance should prove interesting and them right away. The excursion to Port enjoyable. Erin, calling at Rushen Abbey, Port St. * * * Mary, Castletown, and Mullhills on the way The “Glasgow Herald,’’ in a recent was very interesting. In their own phrase, leaderette on the “ Revival of Gaelic, ’ the day was fior teth! Too much so to be hinted that the possession of a Highland absolutely enjoyable. Their Gaelic is very accent was still a disadvantage to aspiring like our own, but their system of phonetics youths from the Highlands who came to make makes it extremely difficult to read. That their way in the South, and that the con- part of the Gaelic service at Kirk Braddan sciousness of that possibility was one of the on Sunday which was printed in leaflet form reasons why parents were so apathetic about was quite intelligible to the Scottish con- the teaching of Gaelic to their children. It tingent, but I, at least, missed a good deal is, of course, possible that there is still a lingering prejudice in some quarters against of the actual sermon. the Highland accent, although it is The preliminary returns of the recent undoubtedly true that that prejudice is census show the following decreases in much less strong and less persistent than it Highland counties:—Inverness,48S1; Ross, was, even within the memory of those of us 6578; Sutherland, 2379. This steady who are not very old. decline is most disappointing. It is more than disappointing; and the pity is that so The question, however, is: Would the little is being done to check it. It surely discontinuance of Gaelic improve the does not pass the wit of man to devise English accent? Would whatever is un- measures which will ensure a comfortable living at home for the people of these regions, pleasing to lowland ears in the Highland and so lessen the drawing power of the cities accent disappear with the passing of Gaelic ? and the colonies. It is, of course, true that To answer these questions it is only neces- war losses were particularly heavy in these sary to ask the further one : Is the English counties, but they do not account for the accent in those parts of the Highlands from decline. which the Gaelic has disappeared superior Null. 172 AN DE6-G HEINE. THE CELTIC CONGRESS. dispersed over the globe, but everywhere vital factors in the life of the community, numbered to-day well over 40 millions. The great gathering of the Celtic people A very interesting series of lectures were met at Douglas, Isle of Man, on the 6th of delivered during the course of the Congress July last, and continued in session until the proceedings. The Rev. Canon Quine, 14th. There were representatives from Chaplain to the House of Keys, spoke on Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and Cornwall. “The Isle of Man and its Story,’’ Dr. The Isle of Man was largely represented at Douglas Hyde on “Some Features of the all the sessions. Members of An Comunn Medigeval Celt,’’ Mr. Ernest Rhys on who attended were:—The President, Rev. “Celtic Romance and its Foreign G. W. MacKay, Killin; The Earl of Cassillis; Ingredients,’’ and Miss Mary Williams, Rev. Lauchlan MacLean Watt, D.D.; M.A., on “Continental Contributions to Lachlan Macbean, Kirkcaldy, Chairman of Celtic Studies.” Papers on “Notable Celtic Scottish Committee of the Congress; Miss Women” in Ireland and Wales were read by Louisa Farquharson of Invercauld; Miss Miss Margaret Dobbs and Miss Magdalen Juliet Macdonald, Lochaber; Mrs. Christi- Morgan, M.A. Mrs. Kennedy Fraser gave son, Glasgow; Mrs. Marjory Kennedy an interesting account of “Song Collecting Fraser, Edinburgh; Roderick MacLeod, in the Hebrides.” Dr. Josef Baudis, a Inverness; and Neil Shaw, General Secre- native of Czecho-Slovakia, gave a paper on tary. Sir John Lome MacLeod, Miss the “Re-establishment of the Czech Liter- Margaret Kennedy, and Miss Margaret ary Language.” The Rev. Lauchlan MacLean were also present. MacLean Watt, D.D., delivered an admir- The President of the Congress, Mr. able paper on “Arthur, the Celtic Figure of Edward T. John, of Llanidan Hall, Tradition.” Tuesday, 12th July, was the Scottish Day. Mr. Lachlan Macbean pre- Angelsey, in his inaugural address, said that sided in the forenoon, when Mrs. Kennedy while they recognised the relative numerical Fraser, assisted by Miss Margaret Kennedy, superiority of other races, paucity of num- gave a Song Recital, which was heartily bers in no way implied in the Celtic race enjoyed. % Mr. Shaw read a paper prepared proportionate shortage in energy, intellect, by Mr. Malcolm MacLeod on “The Mod.” The paper proved most interesting to mem- and resource. He claimed that the eternal bers of the Congress, showing, as it did, very revolt of the Celt against the tyranny of clearly, the progress of the movement in magnitude and mere might was more in Scotland from the institution of the Mod in evidence to-day than ever. He gave interest- 1891. In the afternoon, Dr. MacLean ing statistics showing the population of the Watt in the chair, the Rev. G. W. MacKay read a paper written by the Rev. Neil Ross, Celtic areas in the United Kingdom to be Edinburgh, on “The Celtic Factor in Modern over 12 million, in which should be added Scottish Literature.” Prominent among 700,000 Scottish and Irish residents in the authors mentioned in the paper were Sir England, without counting Welsh people Walter Scott and Neil Munro. there. Brittany has a Celtic population of There was a large attendance of delegates and men and women of Mann at the Manx three and a half million, and in the vicinity Gaelic Service on Sunday in Kirk Braddan. of Paris a Breton-speaking population of The sermon was preached by the Rev. John 150,000. This gave in the United Kingdom Kewley, M.A., Archdeacon of Mann. The and France a Celtic population of over 16 service throughout was conducted in Gaelic. millions. In the United States the total A number of excursions were arranged, and the visiting delegates were conducted to Irish population was estimated at from 15 Peel Castle, Rushen Abbey, and the Mull to 16 million, with another 4 million people Hills, where there is an interesting neolithic of Scottish and Irish extraction. Adding burying ground. A grand concert on the the Celts in Canada and the other Overseas evening of 14th July terminated a series of Dominions, the collective Celtic race interesting and enjoyable gatherings. AN DEO-GREINE. 173 SOME INTERESTING ASSOCIATIONS Glengarry’s famous bard. He composed no less than two songs on the subject, the OF A PIONEER CELTIC SOCIETY. titles being “Oran do Chomunn nam fior Ghkidheal a Chruinnich ann an lonmhar- Lbchaidh. ’ ’ A few of the more interesting BY GLEANNACH. verses of each may be quoted with advant- Read at a meeting of the Inverness Branch age. From the first composition the on 21st April, 1921. following: — “Glac an t-searrag, str&c a’ chuach sin, Fhir ga riachaid gluais gu muirneach; As British freedom, loyal, firm, and bold, Ge b’e fion e, lion a suas i, That never barter’d faith for proffer’d gold, ’S greas gu luath mu’n cuairt da’r Through life unstain’d to hold the Gaelic n-ionnsuidh; name, ’S olaidh sinn deoch shunt’ nan uaislean, And dread no form of death like guilty ’Chionn ’s gun gluais iad as gach diith- shame. ” aich, Then follow a number of stanzas setting Le seann fhasan mar bu dualchuis, forth in befitting language the fame of the ’S gach aon bhuaidh gu buannachd Gaels in song and story, from the first eliii dhoibh. beginnings of their illustrious history as sons of Cuchullum and Fingal down through the “Leinn is ^ibhinn a bhi ’g ^isdeachd periods of their brave stand against the An deagh sgeul tha tighinn as ur 6imn, might of the Romans, and the power of the Gaidheil thrdunda dol ri ch&le, Lochlins to the days of their unexampled ’S ro-mhath feum an eiginn chise; feats of prowess on the fields of Alexandria ’Nuair a ghluaiseas iad le ch&le, and Waterloo. Reachdmhor, treubhach, euchdach, His reference to the native language is in sunndach, the following stirring words: — Cha’n e cleachdadh luchd na B^urla “The Gaelic sham’d and fetter’d now no ’Th’aig an trend a th&d ri’n duthchas more, Resumes full empire on her favour’d “Onair urramach nan Gkidheal, shore; Ged leig uaislean krda dhiiibh e, From shades of night again triumphant Bonn is bunailte na Gkidhlig, rais’d, 'S nkr dhuinn a bhi as a h-ionais; She mounts her throne with orient gems Dileab a rinn Oisein fhkgail emblaz’d. Aig gach kl a ghabh dhi cur am, His head the genius of Old Morven rears ’S eibhinn leinn gum beil i Ikthair, From the long slumber of two thousand Ged is lionmhor iad ’ga muchadh. years; Now rais’d, a stream of mist, above the “Labhairt dheas os-cionn gach canain, vales, Mar a dean luchd dhkn a mhchadh, Onward he moves, upborne by western Solasach a’ nochdadh graidh i, gales; Le blkths gu ckirdeas a dhubladh; He tow’rs from hill to hill at every stride; ’S cha bu mhios i air an kirigh, The stately forms of Silma round him ’Nuair a tharladh dhuinn bhi sugradh, glide; Chum na rlbhinnean a thkladh, In their blue hall, they pledge the meteor- Air m^ud an krdan a dhuisgeadh.’’ shell, And bid the harp’s aerial music swell; “ ’S kluinn co-thional nan comhlan ‘Our sons,’ they sing, ‘with glory’s thirst Gu lonmhar-Lochaidh Lochabar, on flame, lonad cbmhnard’s le Diiic Gbrdan, Tread in our steps, and share our deathless Air ’n chuir cloinn Dbmhnuill baiteal; fame.’ ’’ Far na ghabh Righ Fionghall cbmhnuidh, Another personage of well-deserved Le ’chuirt mhbralaich’s a’ chaisteal, distinction who celebrated the formation of ’Chraobh bho’n fhriamhaich an sebrs’ ud, The Society of True Highlanders at Inver- Luchd nam piob, ’s nan srbl, ’s nam lochy was Allan MacDougall, “ Ailein Dali, ’ bratach- 174 AN DEO-GREINE. “Seasaidh leomhann air bhur toiseach, gala day held by the Society of True High- landers at Inverlochy. The Society was La cruadal coltais nach diobair, making a collection of tartans, and members Da ’in bu dual-chuis dol air chosnadh, paid special attention to the completeness and correctness of their Highland dress. ’ Cruaidh, a bhrosnachadh na mlltean— Again, under date September 19th, 1817, we Alastair bho Ghleann a’ bharraich, read that “The True Highlanders’ fete was Ceannard nasal, fearail, rioghail, this year preceded by the revival of the Ancient Caledonian Hunt, which lasted for ’Nam nan cruaidh lann geur a tharruing, three successive days, and, including the Bhiodh nial fol’ air luchd do mhi-riiin.” committee meeting, occupied the whole In similar strain this composition- week.’’ interesting in many ways—proceeds to After this time, however, we seem to lose describe, in glowing language, the great and trace of this Society—at any rate, so far as noble qualities usually credited by the bards its activities in the Northern Highlands are to the Gaels in general, and their special to be concerned—and what became of it does patrons in particular. Of the second song, not appear to have been definitely recorded. composed by Allan to An Comunn of his In the year 1881 Mr. MacIntyre North, a day, it will suffice to quote fewer stanzas well-known London Gael, published Vol. than in the preceding case. The composi- I. of an important book, entitled “The Book tion is a different measure as regards of the Club of True Highlanders—Leabhar construction and melody. The first verse Comunn nam fior Ghkidheal.’’ In a short says:— introduction he gives expression to a note of doubt as to the origin of this Society or Club “Bha mi’n d^ air na sraidean, in London—whether it was “really an off- Far na thrkghadh na botail, shoot of the one at Inverlochy, an affiliated Ann an coirmeamh nan Gaidheal, Society founded with the approbation of Glengarry, or whether it was an independent ’S laoch gun sgath air an toiseach— Society.’’ It would appear, in any case, Ceannard Gurrannach uasal, that this Society was established in the great Air’m bu shuarach an cosdas ; city sometime during the years 1815-1816, and that close relations between its members ’S sinn ag 61 a dheoch-slainte and those of the Inverlochy Society existed Dearr-lan as na copain. for some years. Thus we find, quoting from Mr. MacIntyre North’s volume, that “The Faill illirinn o ho, Society held their second annual dinner in Hug is hor6 eile; London (May 14th, 1818) at the British Coffee House—Lord James Murray in the ’S gum a slkn do na gaisgich, chair. The meeting was highly respectable, Luchd nam breacan an fh^ilidh.” many of the leading characters of Caledonia The remainder of a lengthy production is being in their appropriate garb. The noble devoted to the praise of Glengarry, and the chairman, whose family are the patrons of recounting of the numerous chiefs with their the Gows, had secured the attendance of followers who would support him and flock Gow and his band; and Mac Mhic Alastair, to his standard—all as one man. Colonel MacDonald, of Glengarry (founder We learn, again from “The Northern High- of the institution), was attended by his lands in the Nineteenth Century, ’ ’ under distinguished piper. The ardour of genuine date September 20th, 1816, that “a festival Highland enthusiasm was fully sustained and series of games were held at Inver- and gratified by the appearance of the com- garry on the 14th in connection with the pany in the romantic garb of Caledonia, by Society of True Highlanders. ‘At sunrise the wild and martial music of the Highland the standard waved from the old castle bagpipe, and, above all, by the harmonious tower. ’ This was said to have been the first interchange of sentiments, which recalled all time it was hoisted since the flight of Prince the delightful associations of their dear Charles in 1746.’’ In 1817 two references native land—‘over the hills and far awa’.’ to the Society occur in this interesting The company marched off to the sound of the publication. Under date June 27th of that bagpipe at a late hour.’’ year we read:—“A long report is given of a (To be continued.) AN DEO GREINE. 175 A’ BHEURLA SHASUNNACH MAR supply of turf agin the winter.” Their an GHN ATHAICHEAR I AN ALBAINN t-Albannach : “He’s puttin’ bye a’ his spare maiks again Ne’er day. ’ ’ Is d6cha nach tuig MU DHEAS. cuid agaibh ciod e is ciall do “maik.” Is LE COLMAN 0. DUGHAILL. ionann “maik” agus “bonn-a-sk.” Tha Nuair is math le G&idheal Innseadh gur Jamieson ’na fhoclair Beurla-Ghallda a’ saor e, their e : “Tha mi ’nam shaor” ; agus mlneachadh an fhacail mar so : A cant term nuair is math leis innseadh gur e a’ seasamh for a halfpenny. Ach ’s e mo bharail fein a tha e, their e: “Tha mi ’nam sheasamh. ’’ gun gabh am facal soilleireachadh air Air an aobhar sin nuair a thuiteas Eireann- dhoigh eile. Nuair a bha mi fein mu ach their e: “I fell out of my standing.’’ cheithir bliadhna gu leth a dh’aois, agus air Cha do thachair a leithid sin orm an Albainn ur-thighinn as a’ Ghkidhealtachd bha mi a' taobh am muigh de’n Ghaidhlig. Cha d’thug dol suas srkid mhor a’ chlachain anns an mi fainear am facal in air a chleachdadh mar robh sinn a chomhnuidh. Coinnichear sin riamh. Their na h-Ultaich: “I am in balach Gallda. Chunnacas leis gu’m bu my lone”—Tha mi ’nam aonar; agus tha’n choigreach mise agus gu’n robh mi air iir- S^oigheach a’ tuaiream gur bho Albainn a theachd a bhkrr na tuatha. “What dae they th&inig an rkdh; ach is beachd learn f^in ca’ye?” ars esan. “Malcolm,” arsa mi gu’m bheil e e&arr. Ach theirear an Eirinn : fein. “Aw, just that, Maecum, Maecum; ‘ ‘ She is living her lone ’ ’; agus an Albainn : put him in the poke an shake’m, shake’m! ” “She’s leevin’ her lee lane, puir thing.” ’S e “Maecum” a bu Bheurla-Ghallda air Their an t-Eireannach: “He put lies on Maol-cholum—no mar theirteadh ’san me,” a’ ciallachadh gu’n d’innis e breugan t-sean aimsir: Mael-cholm . Nis ’s e bheir air an duine a tha labhairt. Cha'n fhaod mi iad gu cumanta anns an t-Srath Leamh- a rkdh gu’n cuala mi “put lies” an Albainn; anach a tha mu thuath air Dun-bhreatunn, ach is minic a chualas: “He tell’t lees on mar fhrith-ainm air Malcolm no Maecum: me. ” Maik. Agus ’s e mo bharail-sa gu’m bheil Bha gille 6g Eireannach a b’aithne maik a’ ciallachadh sean bhonn-malairt a dhomhsa nuair a bha mi ’nam bhalachan, a bha aca an Albainn nuair a bha i fo riaghladh bha ag obair am muileann Cotain, agus le aon de na Maol-Cholum-an; direach mar a tuiteamas air choireiginn chaidh a ghlacadh bha “A yellow Geordie” a’ ciallachadh gini le cuibhill agus a chiurradh gu dona ionann a bha ’na bonn-malairt 6ir an km riaghlaidh ’s gu’n d thug iad dachaidh ’na ablach e nan Dekrasan. d’a mhkthair. Nuair chunnaic ise a mac (To be Continued. grkdhach agus mar a bha e air bheuban- <> achadh dh’fhuasgail na tuiltean agus AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. ghlaodh i: “Och, Johnnie dear, who run the whale on ye ? Have they killed ye on me ? NEW LIFE MEMBER. Johnnie, Johnnie dear, spake and tell me if Miss Jeannie L. Tweedie, Polmont. ye’re dead.” Bheir a leithid sin fiamh- NEW ORDINARY MEMBERS. ghkire air neach; ach is iomadh rkdh a cheart JohnDuncan K. MacLean,MacLean, Esq.,Esq., Glasgow.Partick. cho neonach agus fichead uair na’s goraiche, DONATIONS TO GLASGOW MOD. a labhrar leis na cleirich anns na crannagan, Previously acknowledged ... £150 13 6 no leis na feallsanaich air na sgklain, gun Mrs. Stewart, Simla, India 20 0 0 fhiamh-ghkire no smuain air fein ag no Glasgow Gaelic Society (add.) 10 0 0 ag eirigh an inntinn an luchd-^isdeachd. CeilidhGlasgow nan High Gaidheal School Ceilidh (add.) ... 10880 0 0 Thubhairt Mark Twain, ’s e ’g Innseadh Oban and Lorn Association ...... 8 0 0 mu shean each anns an leabhar d’an goirear: Glasgow and Inverness-shire Association 6 6 0 “Innocents abroad”; “He had a neck on Clan Macfarlane Society ...... 5 5 0 him like a bowsprit”; agus is beachd leis an Paisley Highlanders’ Association (add.) 4 0 0 t-Seoigheach gu’n robh aig Mark gille- SirKilmartin Norman Branch Lamont, (per Bart. Mr. J. J.... Currie) ... 23 20 0 frithealaidh Gkidhealach aig an km a James MacKellar, Esq...... 110 dhealbh e an radh ud : “on him. ” Is minic Peter MacDougall, Esq 100 a chuala mise iad so: “He had a head on A. Stewart Robertson, Esq 10 0 him like a neip”—’s e sin tuirneap. “He Rev. G.A. W.M. MacKayMacfarlane 010 10 06 had a head on him as wudden as a mason’s Frank Adam. Esq. 0 10 0 mell.” “He had a nose on him that could John MacCallum, Esq 0 5 0 pick wilks”—or cut cheese. Mrs. J. 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Mar a thuirt Greugach Mar a thainig a latha fein air Maol-innis ... 181 cliuiteach (Pericles) ann an braid ghlbrmhor Unpublished Gaelic Poetry 183 ’na latha fhein, ebrr is da mhlle bliadhna Some interesting Associations of a pioneer roimh an diugh, mu’n fheadhainn a chaill Celtic Society 184 am beatha as leth na duthcha d’am buin- Secretary’s Page 186 eadh iad: Chan eil iad marbh, oir mairidh Etiquette of the Gael 187 an cliu an cridheachan an luchd-duthcha gu The Skye Singing Competitions 187 suthainn. An seadh sbnraichte bi cuimhne Who were the Piets? 189 air saighdearan Albann an cridheachan nam Caller Dulse! ... 191 feadhnach as faisge orra an daimh gu crlch am beatha. SEACHD BLIADHNA AN AMA SEO. Tha mu thri bliadhna ann o chualas an glaodh a Hon daoine le sblas—fosadh- Is ann aig toiseach ceud mhios an eomhraig—ged is ann air a mhios seo, a rd'r fhogharaidh o chionn sheachd bliadhna a reachd na Rloghachd, a tha an lagh a’ meas bhrist a mach air an Roinn-Ebrpa an gun do chrlochnaich an cogadh. Ach an cogadh a b’uamhasaiche, agus a b’oillteile kite na sithe ris an robh diiil againn, is ann a thachair riamh an eachdraidh an a thbisich upraid eile, oir an cois an rbiteach- 1-saoghail. Bha mdran aig paipeirean aidh a bha do-sheachanta, thkinig croisean naidheachd an ama ri sgrlobhadh mu eile air lorn. Fhad ’s a bha an cogadh a’ dheidhinn, agus bha roinn mh6r de sin nach dol air adhart, agus beagan uine an dbidh da b’fhe&rr na bbilich gun seadh—nadur de sgur, chaidh geallaidhean a dheanamh le ar fhaisneachd chlaon nach d’thainig, agus riaghlairean a tha neo-chomasach daibh a nach tig gu buil. Cha robh ach beag Va choimh-llonadh an diugh. Cho-aontaich rkdh air a mhios a chaidh seachad mu sgriobhadairean inbheach de gach gne ris a’ thimchioll an uair a thainig Ik a’ chuimhn- chomh-sheirm, agus thbisich iad ri eachain. 0’arson a bhiodh a chaochladh deanamh luaidh air an tioralachd a bha a’ ann ? Cha bhiodh sin ach mar gum dol a thoirt a steach an t-saoghail nuaidh. biodhmaid ag ath-chuimhneachadh air droch Cha Ibir dhuinn a bheag de charthannas bhruadar. fhathast; is ann a tha caithe-beatha an t-sluaigh ag amharc na’s miosa na bha i roimh linn a’ chogaidh. Aon uair, is ann a Gidheadh bidh cuimhne air a chumail air shaoileamaid gun robh linn an kigh air fkir- troimh na linntean air mhodh eile. Fhad eadh mu dheireadh, ach an kite sin is e 178 AN DEO-GREINE. th’againn linn an fhulangais,na h-an-shocair aghaidh nan dealg, maille ri feadhainn as agus a choma-co-dhiubh. Isle an inbhe. Ach tha an rloghachd gann de airgead, agus feumaidh i fhaotainn air doigh air choireigin. Is e cisean an rathad Ma bheir sinn fainear suidheachadh na as giorra chum na cliche sin, biomaid Eoinn-Eorpa aig an km, chi sinn gu bheil buidheach no nach bi. Eadar a’ h-uile dad teanntachd shearbh an cuid de che&rnan. a th’ann, chan loghnadh ged chluinneas sinn Ged nach faod sinn a rkdh gu bheil ar thall ’sa bhos gairm gu caontachd a duthaich fhbin ’na leithid sin a theinn, chan chleachdadh, ma’s e agus gun t&d aig an ’eil a cor fhathast ach air thuraman, ma’s duthaich air i fhein a chumail an uachdar. flor na tha daoine fiosrach a’ cumail a mach. Seall air na bheil a’ dol mun cuairt ’nar measg gun char obrach, gun ach gl& bheag A thuilleadh air seo tha an duthaich air de airgead air an siubhal, gun kite a truailleadh le luchd-ml-run a tha coma comhnuidh far an leag iad an cinn. Co nach ciod a dh’eireas di cho fada is a gheibh biodh an-shocrach ’san t-suidheachadh sin? iadsan an toil fein an ainm saorsa nach Seall air cor nan saighdearan a dhion ar tlr. luthaig iad do chkch. Sin agad mar tha Nach iadsan bu chbr seilbh fhaotainn air ciiisean dhuthchanan an ceartuair, agus is criomaig de’n fhearann a choisinn iad cho ann aig an kgh tha brath cuin a shiolaidheas daor? Ge bith c6 is coireach, cha ghabh e nithean gu staid daonnach. A r&r beachd rkdh gu bheil nithean an diugh a reir ar diiil, dhaoine fiosrgfch, chan ’eil ach an aon no math dh’fhaoidte a r&r diiil na cuid- leigheas air an trioblaid, agus is e sin, deir eachda a bha cho fialaidh air geallaidhean a iadsan, spiorad nuadh, modhanail, dhfeanamh. Bha roinn de fhearann na stbidhichte air an lagh a chaidh fhoills- duthcha gu bhi air a thaghadh do eachadh o chionn fhada air a’ bheinn an churaidhean a chum seilbh a ghabhail air Galile. Is ann troimh an spiorad sin a Tha na curaidhean ann, tha am fearann ann, bheirear mun cuairt an linn mun do sheinn ach an tomhas mor, thainig an gealladh gu am bkrd Mac Cuaraig: — neo-brigh. Bha balla-bacaidh no dhk nach d’thugadh fainear 'san rathad, agus cha Bha coibhneas, comunn, iochd, is grkdh deach faotainn tarsuing air fhathast. Anns gach kite measg an t-sluaigh, Faigheadh gach neach a mach air a shon fein Eadar far an eirich grian, ciod a nadur a bhacaidh. Is far an laidh i ’niar ’sa’ chuan. Nach faic sinn gu bheil buannachd AM MOD. aimsireil air greim diongmhalta a dheanamh air cridheachan an t-sluaigh, gu h-kraidh a chuideachd a sheachain uchd a’ chunnairt, Mar bu chbr fios a bhi nis aig gach agus a ghabh an cothrom gu maoin a Gkidheal dlleas, tha am mbd a teannadh chkrnadh suas troimh ’n chogadh. Tha dluth oimn, agus tha fiughair agam gum coltas ann gur e lagh na fein bhuannachd faicear Gkidheil Ghlaschu ’nan ceudan aig rian an latha an diugh. Coimh-cheangailte a’ chuirm a bhios a’ feitheamh orra. Is ri sin, chaidh gach nl a dh’fheumadh cuirm do’n inntinn Ghkidhealach a bhios creutair a chum gum faigheadh e be6- ann gun teagamh. Chan ’eil farmad agam shlainte chuibheasach an daoiread, agus ris a neach nach fairich an t-urachadh a b’fheudar tuarasdal luchd-oibre de gach gne shruthas bho sin. Ma’s e chaochladh a a dhol am meud. Is sin an uair a thoisich bhios ann, chan ’eil agam r’a rkdh ach gu an strl nach do sguir fhathast. Is sin an bheil an fhuil a tha bualadh ’na chuisle air cogadh dlorrasach a tha ’dol air adhart an a truailleadh le rudeigin coimheaph nach diugh eadar gnlomhachas is earras, agus a ’eil ckirdeil do a ghnb, agus ’ga dhbanamh mhaireas gus an tachair rudeigin de chomh- neo-dhuineil. Tha ullachadh sbnraichte ’ga chordadh, agus gus am faighear faochadh dhbanamh a chum nach bi a’ choinneamh le bhi lughdachadh clsean is prlsean. Gun rbin air dheireadh air mbid eile. Dearbh- teagamh tha cisean air ruigheachd gu aidh an clar-eagair sin. Bidh Prothaist kirde neo-chumanta, agus tha gach inbhe Ghlaschu, maille ri cuid de’n luchd-dreuchd de’n phobull air f&s an-shocrach fo’n uallach. a tha fodha an inbhe, a Ibthair a chum failte • Tha na Diiiean fein a faireachadh na a chur air na Gbidheil. Nach faodar a radh cuinge, agus faisg air a bhi a’ breabadh an gu bheil “Glaschu mhbr nan stiopall” an AN DEO-GREINE. 179 comaine nan Gaidheal a thuinnich ann o A’ BHEURLA SHASUNNACH MAR chionn fhada. Dh’fh&g iad an criochan fhein, chan ann ’nam fogarraich, ach an toir GHNATHAICHEAR I AN ALBAINN air gniomhachas nach robh ri fhaighinn far MU DHEAS. an deach an arach. Am beachd dhaoine, b’fhearrde sluagh Ghlaschu an siol a thainig o thuath, is o na h-eileinean siar, oir neart- LE COLMAN 0. DUGHAILL. aich fuil ghlan, hr iad an colainn ’san inntinn. Nuair a bha mo mhathair ’na mnaoi big * * * b’bbhuist do chuideachd de chbaird a bha Tha na miltean de Ghaidheil a siubhal na diithcha a bhi taghal ’san aite chomhnuidh an Glaschu an diugh, agus tha ’san robh tigh mo sheanar. Bu chleachdadh m6ran diubh dlleas do dhiithaich am breith, leb a bhi cur air thoiseach orra, mu mhlle no agus do chhnain a mkthar mar bu chubh- mar sin, giollan caol, tana, ceann-ruisgte, aidh dhaibh. Tha cuid eile meagh-bhlath. cas-ruisgte, agus a chom leth-ruisgte. Tha buairidhean de iomadh gne anns a Sheasadh e so mu choinneamh nan dorsan, bhaile mhor, agus tha am fear anns an agus b’e an aon eubh a bha aige an d’fhas an cnaimh-droma anmhuinn, buailt- cbmhnuidh : “An’ me naked.” An smuain each air aomadh do ghnathan lira nach robb a bha air thoiseach air sin, cha do labhair e; duthchasach da, agus sebladh le sruth ach cha bu doirbh r’a thuigsinn e. coimheach a’ Ghoill. Air an aobhar sin Thubhairt Sasunnach ri Buachaille tha e a’ call a ghreim air nithean araidh a Albannach a bha ’g iomain cruidh: “Those bhuineas do’n tlr o’n d’thhinig e; mar tha cows are very lean, Scottie.” Fhreagair sean brain, seann sgeulan is sean chleachd- “Scottie”: “They’s no coos, man; they’fi aidhean taitneach. Tha mi an dbchas gun kye. ’ ’ Theireadh an t-Eireannach: tig an fheadhainn seo do’n mhod a chum “There’s the hen, and her as fat as butter”; gum faigh iad neartachadh spioraid, agus agus theireadh an t-Albannach a cheart ni. gum fairich iad osag chaomh na Ghaidh- Theireadh an t-Eireannach: “This is the ealtachd a’ seideadh air na h-eibhlean a tha way I made my money.” Theireadh an an impis dol as. Rud eile: tha mi an t-Albannach: “This is the way I made ma dbchas gum bi iad fialaidh le an sporanan, siller. ’ ’ oir “chan a’ h-uile la bhios mod aig Mac-an- Theireadh a bhan-Eireannach : “What do Tbisich.” Cha dhbanar an gnothuch gun you want, Jamie?” Fhreagradh Seumas : airgead, agus bi cosdas nach beag r’a “Tis the way, ma’am, my mother sent me sheasamh an uair a bhios gach nl air a for the loan of the gridiron. ’ ’ Their an sgioblachadh an deidh na cuirme. t-Albannach air uairean: “Weel, it’s this Dbanamaid uile ar dlchioll ma ta a chum way,” no: “This is the way o’t”; ach gum bi cuimhne air mod na bliadhna seo, cha’n ann aig a h-uile h-km a their se iad. agus gum faigh a’ Ghaidhlig togail as ur. Their an t-Eireannach: “What way are “Cumadhmaid suas a’ Ghaidhlig chaomh. you?” agus a rbir barail an t-Sboighich, ’s Ole no math le c&ch e. ’ ’ arm a chionn is gu’n abrar ’sa Ghaidhlig: Agus na dl-chuimhnichemaid a’ Bhratach— “Cad chaoi a bhfuil tu?” a tha na facail: “An Deb Greine—a chumail a’ snbmh am “What way are you” ’gan cur an kite: barr a’ chroinn. “How are you?” Nis tha fios againn nach b robh aig “Wee MacGregor” briathar a bu mhionca a chuir e an cleachdadh na so: “THE CELTIC REVIEW.” “What way, faither; what wey?” Ach dh’fhaodadh “what wey” fas as ciamar—cia We understand that “The Celtic Review,” which am far—what is the way: tha caoi agus far, stopped publication during the war, is to he le chbile a’ ciallachadh way. re-published by Mr. Eneas Mackay, Stirling, with Their an t-Eireannach: “If I had that Mrs.quarterly, W. J. and Watson filled aas place editor/ of itsIt own was in a thescholarly Celtic much itself.” Their an t-Albannach : “If I world. We wish every success to its re-issue. had as meikle as that itsel’, I wad dae fine. “If she did dae that itsel’; what o’ that?” Tha e soilleir gu’m bheil am facal “itself” THE NEW GAELIC READERS. mar a tha e air a ghnkthachadh an so ag eirigh as an fhacal fein. “Na’n robh agam The first three books are expected to be on sin fein.” Tha eachdraidh an fhacail exhibitionare the well-known at the Glasgow firm of BlackieMod. & TheSon, publishersGlasgow. sin /bin gle nebnach; ach tha 180 AN DEO-GREINE. e na’s fhasa a lorgachadh na shaoileadh uaireadair na dheidh sin rachadh a bhean am neach. Anns na sean sgriobhainnean ’s e mach air a cheart ghnothuch air an robh Pkl, budesin a bu chumadh dha. Tha sin a’ agus air dhith bhi tighinn a steach bheireadh ciallachadh bu e sin no b’e sin, “’Twas ise gnog fann air an dorus agus shlneadh i that.” Tha sin a’ taisbeanadh dhuinn gur e do m’ mhathair ugh gasda, ag rkdh: ■pein an cumadh is faisge air an t-sean ‘‘There’s a fresh egg for the boy, and ye mheanbh-radh na a h-aon eile de na cruthan needn’t let on to our man. ” anns am bheil e air an latha’n diugh. Theirear an Eirinn agus theirear an Albainn: ‘‘What in the world kept you so Their an t-Eireannach: ‘ ‘ Show me that long?” Tha na facail air bith a’ ciallachadh, knife,” nuair is miann leis thu a thoirt na on the earth agus ’sam bith, in the world; sglne dhk. Is minic a chuala mi ’s a agus theagamh gur e sin is aobhar do’n rkdh thubhairt mi ’n dearbh radh sin: ‘‘Here, in the world. ‘‘I dinna ken hoo in a’ the show’s that knife.” worl’ ye managed it. Whaur in a’ the worl’ Their an t-Eireannach: ‘‘I had like to be are ye ga’in’ at this late oor? What in a’ killed”; ach ’s e theireadh an t-Albannach: the worl’ has cam’ owre ye, ye’re doun tae ‘‘I was like to be killed. ” ‘‘I was like to be a skeleton ? ’ ’ torn into bits amang their ban’s. ” Bha ban-charaid an cuideachd uair agus Tha an Seoigheach ag innseadh gur gann i air ti Innseadh sgeoil mu fhear araidh nach a gheibhear na facail hither agus thither ’gan bu mhath leatha a’ chuideachd uile a bhi cleachdadh ’na dhiithaich fein. ’Se their tuigsinn c6 &; agus b’ann mar so a chomharr- iad: ‘‘It is here the birds used to come”— aich i e dhaibhsan d’am b’aithne gu math e : here an kite hither. Tha a’ cheart ni fior ‘‘Am fear nach racha'dh crios an tkilleir mu’n mu dheidhinn na h-Albann; agus faodaidh cuairt air.” Bheir sibh fainear nach eil mi a rkdh gur gann a chluinnear facal ’sa Ghkidhlig a’ comhfhreagairt ri hence and whence air a radh an whose no whom. ’S e sin: The Gaelic has Albainn. Tha an Sedigheach de’n no relative in the sense in which other bheachd gur ann a chionn nach eil languages have it. facail anns a Ghaidhlig a’ comh-fhreagairt ri Their an t-Eireannach: ‘ ‘ ’Tis kind for the hither, thither a tha a luchd-diithcha ’gan cat to drink milk. ” ’S e sin : gur dual do’n seachnadh anns a’ Bheurla Shasunnaich. chat a bhi toigheach air bainne. Agus tha Air do’n teaghlach d’am buin mi fein a bhi gnathfhacal aig na Goill Albannach anns am air ur-thighinn as a’ Ghkidhealtachd, ghabh bheil am facal kind a’ ciallachadh dualchas. sinn gach eucail d’am bheil clann 6g ‘‘He has it o kind; he coft it not”: Is dual buailteach, aon an deidh aoin gun uiread is da e; cha do choisinn—no cha do cheannaich sr6n fhaotainn air taobh am muigh an doruis —se e. gus an robh iad uile seachad. Bha mo Nuair nach math leis na Gkidheil a bhi ’g bhrkthair c6ig miosan deug air a leabaidh radh ‘‘An Diabhul,” ’s e their iad ‘‘Am fear agus faodar a chreidsinn gu’n robh m6r” ; ‘‘An t-Abharsair”; ‘‘Mac-mallachd” ; e air caitheadh as gu h-anabarrach; ‘‘An Droch fhear”; ‘‘An Biabhach m6r.” agus nuair a thoisich e air bhi dol am Tha cleachdadh coltach ri sin aig na Goill; feabhas bha feum m6r aige air biadhan a bha agus ’s e their iadsan mar ainmean air an brioghmhor. Bha coimhearsnach Eireannach Diabhul: ‘‘Auld Nick,” ‘‘Clootie”; ach 'se againn, agus coltach ris na h-Eireannaich air ‘‘The Deil” a tha coitchionn ’nam measg. fad bha e anabarrach toigheach air bhi ag krachadh cruidh is chearcan is chalman is mhucan. Bha fios aig ar caraid air staid 4 mo bhrkthar. Nuair bhiodh Pal—oir b’e sin ainm—am mach ’sa mhochthrath a’ riirach CORRECTION. anns a’ bhkthaich, theagamh gu’n cuireadh e Ikmh fo chirc dh’fheuch an robh ugh foidhpe. ’San tighinn a steach d’a thigh fein a rithis, bha aige ri dol seachad air ar Page 170.—In rann 5 of the poem from dorus-ne. Dheanadh e gnog beag air an the Book of the Dean of Lismore, read dorus, agus nuair dh’fhosgladh mo mhkthair ‘‘oireacht Mhic Leoid,” as in the note on an dorus shlneadh Pkl ugh dith agus their- that rann. Also, in the note itself, read eadh e : ‘‘There’s a fresh egg for the boy and ‘‘Mom* should rhyme with neart.” never let on to our wife.” Mu uair an W. J. W. AN DEO-GMNE. 181 MAR A THAI NIG A LA FEIN AIR laimh, mar so, rachadh an Chrois-taraidh air feadh enuie is glacan Mhaoil-innis, MAOL-INNIS. Rachadh cas-chrom, neo coran, a chur a leth-taobh. Thigeadh claidheamh is targaid LE IAIN MACCORMAIC. a bharr nan stob, anns a bhalla, agus chrioslaicheadh fir threuna iad fein a chum cath. Air an lianaig ghuirm dh’altaicheadh Choisinn seo a cheud duals aig Mod an Obain, 1920. siad iad fein a siarsalachadh nan arm troma, gus am faicte na f&thean uiseideach, ag iomairt sios is siias fo chraicionn an gairdeine I. ruisgte liithach, mar shlolagan fo ’Nuair blia cuantan is caoil &ird an Jar ghainimh na trkghad. na Gaidhealtachd air an r^ubadh Je dromannan daraich nan luingeas Loch- Bu trie a bu shaothair an nasgaidh an lainneach cha robh moran foise aig t-saothair so, ach be km na faicill a bh’ann, “tuath” no “toiseach” a bhiodh faisg a r agus mar a bha fios aig sluagh na Gkidh- caol no cala, ann& an leigeadh na ealtachd uile air an cosd fein, “cha b’e Ik h-iubhraichean mlllteach so a mach an sealg nam fiadh, Ik a bhiadhadh nan con.” acraichean, ’s am paisgeadh iad an cuid Ach thkinig a Ik fein air Maol-innis mu shebl. Bha cheana moran de na seann dheireadh, agus thkinig e air Lk Fheill teaghlaichean Gaidhealach, cuid a chinn fo Mlcheil cuideachd, an uair a bha’n tlr mu’n mh^in nan Dbmhnullach, is cuid a dh’&rich cuairt a’ gleidheadh an Ik shonruichte so an suas air oighreachdan a bhuineadh aon uair annaladh na h-Eaglais agus mar a dh’kithn do Shean Mhainnisteir I-Chaluim-Chille, air an t-Aba an I-Chaluim-Chille e. B’e an dol as an t-sealladh, is larlachan Loch- t-km de’n bhliadhn e cuideachd anns an robh lainneach le’n luchd-leanamhuinn, ’nan abachadh an fhoghair aig kirde; an uair a suidhe ’nan ^itean. Dh’fhag an suidheach- bha’n duilleach air crupadh’s air cruaehadh, adh sin comharradh cainnt nam Fionn- adh, le’n oirean buidhe, air na craobhan, is a’ Ghall air muir is monaidhean na Gaidhealt- chuid diubh a chaill an greuma, air an achd, air ainmean is sloinnidhean roinn mheanglan air an do shnodh iad gle fhann mh6ir de a sluagh, agus mar an ceudna air ’s an earrach, a sranndail anns a’ ghaoith an teangannan, bho’n cluinnte fhathast mu bhun nan crann; an uair a bha’n smeur glug-fhuaim nan comh-fhoghairean Loch- dubh air an dris, ’s na cnothan ’nam lainneach “r” agus “1,” an km a bhi a’ paideireanan, ’gan nochdadh fein air geugan bruidhinn an canain f&n. na calltuinn. ’Nuair a bha na h-achaidhean Fhuair Maol-innis feith mhath bho luchd coirce is e6rna air an glanadh, am bkrr gu nam bbgha ’s nan se61 baideallach, ged a bu sgiobalta an sabhul ’s an iothlann, agus an trie nach robh cadal a shluaigh ach glk uair a chluinnte guthan nan oig-bhean, an luaineach agus neo-shocrach. Bu trie a eoimh-shAirm ri fuaim na cloich-bhrath, an bhiodh iad ’s an t-suidheachadh sin, oir cha uair bhiodhte mar bu ghnkth, a’dol an comh- b’annamh le faoiltich na mara, an fharpuis fkach ciod e ’n tigh anns am bu garaidhean air cladaichean Innse Gall, luaithe a dh’fhuinteadh an t-aran ur. Sud fhagail agus teachd air turusan spiiinnidh an t-km anns an d’thkinig a Ik fein air Maol- do’n fhlor choimhearsnachd. innis, an uair a bha na skibhlean Ikn agus Bha Tir-iodh agus I-Chaluim-Chille ’s an an sreud an eulaidh, an t-km a bha fhior choimhearsnachd. Bkinig sg^ul “Blkr fkbharach a chum creiche a thogail, mu’n nan Sguab” Maol-innis a Tir-iodh. Chaidh cuireadh doineann a’ gheamhraidh, stad air I-Chaluim-Chille a losgadh seachd uairean, siubhal cuain. agus air gach uair dhiubh sin dh-iomain a Dhuisg maduinn La Fheill Micheil ghaoth-an-lar,toit na leir-sgrios, thar cnocan gu bbidheach air Maol-innis. Mu’n hiurach Mhaoil-innis. Bhiodh a naidheachd d’thkinig a’ ghrian am folluis taobh thall nan fein an cois na toite do shluagh tr^ubhach stixe binneineach, a tha ag ^irigh a uchd Tir- Mhaoil-innis. Bha i a’ giiilan chuca osnaich- m6r, bha toit chaisreagach mhin a’ dlreadh bais nam manach, a thuit anns a chath air ris an speur ghlan, o cheud teintean ’s an “Achadh-a-Bhaigh, ” a dion ionmhas eilein. Bha na cruinneagan a’ crathadh an luachmhor na Mainistir, agus ar le6 mar an earasaidean ann an dorus gach tighe, agus ceudna gu’n cluinneadh iad gaoir ghoirt na fir a’ deasachadh an eideadhean fein ’sa nam ban a’ gul os cionn nam marbh. Mar liomhadh am bucall, oir bu Ik saor an Ik so bu dual, ’nuair a thigeadh cunnart faisg air a’ Maol-innis. Bu Ik saor e, agus bha 182 AN DEO-GREINE. oigridh Mliaoil-innis ag ullachadh a chum chaidh athais air an astar, agus an achlais sugraidh, a reir seann chleachdainnean an sh&mh de Loch Fada, far an robh faileas ama, ’s na duthcha, ’s an athraichean. Dhuin-nan-Sonn fad cheudna bliadhna, thug fichead acair plup anns an uisge agus II. thionndaidh fichead long an srbnan gu Th&inig an la air aghaidh. Dhekrs soerach anns a’ ghaoith, mar grian Ik Fheill Mlcheil air sraithean, ’s air mhaighdeanan banail, uasal a tionndadh an cnocan, 's air lochain Mhaoil-innis gu ruidhle dknnsaidh. Bha feachd Mhaoil- buidhe bdidheach. Bha’n spr^idh, is innis, le’n claidheamhnan ruisgte, deas mollaicheas a gheamhraidh a tighinn air am rompa air an traigh. Cha b’e sud an d6igh bkin, ag ionaltradh air na h-achaidbean. anns an robh fiughair aca ’sa maduinn, Lk Bha coin nam preas a’ leum bho thorn gu Fheill Mlcheil, a chur seachad, ach thkinig tom le big bhig fhann, oir chaill iad ceileir Lk Mhaoil-innis mu dheireadh. an t-samhraidh. Bha coltas fonn-mhor air Thkinig bkta air tir—aon bhata—agus gach ni fo’n speur, an La Fheill Mlcheil thuit longhnadh m6r air sluagh Mhaoil-innis. so am Maol-innis. Leum am Fear-guth colgarra, Loch-lainn- Ach ciod a th’aig a ghocaman r’a rkdh. each, gu sgiobalt air an traigh, agus Bho’n sboilleirich Lk Fheill Mlcheil air rkinig glagail a chuid arm fir gharbha Maol-innis, bha’n gocaman air mullach Mhaoil-innis. Beinn Ghlais a’ cumail a shula gu geur ris Choinnich an dk thriath air an trkigh, is an kirde tuath far am bheil Colla is Tir-iodh sheall feachd catha bho gach taobh. aig oir a chuain, agus ’nan striochd ghuirm “An e sith na comhrag a tha ad bheachd air a sp£ur. Eadar e is sin, chunnaic e fhir-siubhal na mara?’’ dh’fharaid Triath croinn le’n siuil bhkna ’g an luasgadh am Mhaoil-innis. “Do roghainn fein’’ fhreagair measg nan tonn. Chuir an gocaman sgkil an ceann-feachd Loch-lainneach, ’sa Ikmh air a shuilean le a bhois. Am b’iad luingeas air d6rn a chlaidheimh. “Ged nach bu chkirdeil Shomhairle nan Eileinean a mhath learn gu n tuiteadh aon bhraon fola, bh’ann, no ’n robh na Loch-lainneach a a dheargadh aon spilgein gainimh air an teachd a chur grabaidh an Sugradh Lk trkigh so air an do chuir mi ioma bkir am Fhkill-Mlcheil am Maol-innis? Cha b’fada bhalach an uair bhiodh tusa ’g am ruagadh. gus an deach teagamh a thaoibh. Bha’n Air son 6irig a thogail a thaobh nan seann ghaoth tuath air teannachadh ’s ag iomain laithean ud, thkinig mi an so an diugh, ach na ckbhlaich gu grad an rathad Mhaoil- bithidh mo ghluasad a reir, mu tha ’s nach innis. Nochd na siuil shriuchanach anns an eil, mo mhkthair chaomh fathast, os cionn robh gach dath ’sa Bhogha Frois, gu’m b’e talamhanta. ’ ’ Sheas Mac Fhionnghain faoiltich na mara a bh’ann, agus thug an m6r, Triath Mhaoil-innis is sheall e gu dur gocaman fairbheanadh do shluagh Mhaoil- an aodann a mharaiche, “A Mhurchaidh! innis. Air achadh 's air sliabh bha’n sreud a Mhurchaidh mo dhalta! an tu th’ann?’’ ’gan cruinneachadh gu dion Dhuin-nan- ars esan mu dheireadh. “Thionndadh do Sonn. mhkthair an iiir I-Chaluim-Chille nan Thkinig a Ik fein air Maol-innis mu truailleadh tu aon Ikn sluasaid de ixir Mhaoil- dheireadh. Chaidh aighear gu br6n. Bha innis gun ghuth air braon de fhuil a na mnathan a’ gul’ fir a rkinich ris na coin, dhdrtadh. ’’ crodh a’ langanaich, is laoigh a’ geumnaich, “Mo mhkthair an iiir I-Chaluim-Chille! ” is iad a’ diiiltadh a bhi ’gan iomain cho grad ars an dionlach ’se a’ cromadh a chinn. a bhkrr an ionaltraidh. “Ciod e a chuireas grabadh orm a nis gun Fo bhallachan Dhuin-nan-Sonn, bha mo dhreuchd a chleachdadh am Maol-innis Ceann Feadhna Mhaoil-innis, Mac Fhionn- cho math ri kit’ eile. Maol-innis nan ghain M6r, a’ cur nan cliar an 6rdugh, agus cuimhneachan goirt. Maol-innis a chuir mi dhealraich grian bhoidheach Lk Fheill fein air allaban am bhalachan. Mo mhkthair Mlcheil air targaid ’s air lainn. an Rolaig Odhrain. Cha bu lugha na mo Thkinig a’ chkbhlach mu’n cuairt an bharail, bu trie a bha cnead ’na cridhe.” rudha, ’sa steach do Loch Fada, a bha a’ “Bu trie a bha a cridhe air a le6n a sgaradh Mhaoil-innis bho thir-m6r. Bha’n Mhurchaidh, a dhalta, mu’m fac i Maol- ghaoth tuath gheir ’gan cuibhleadh roimpe innis riamh. Chuir a cuideachd fein cul gus an robh na srideagan a bha a’ falbh bho rithe, is cha do ghabh cuideachd t-atharsa shrbnan nan lubhreach a’ ruigheachd o’n rithe. Bu trie air faoidh-nollaig i, bean- fhitheach a bha a’ comh-dhualladh an uasal’s mar a bh’innte, ach ghabh mise mar uirlinnean. Ach thkinig na siuil a nuas, choimh-leabach h agus mar mhnaoi, agus AN DEO-GREINE. 183 cuimhnich gu’n d’rinn mi dachaidh dhithse AN CEANNAICHE. agus dhuitsa. Cuimhnich a Mhurchaidh. ” “Einn thu dachaidh dhuinn gun teagamh, Ach saoil learn fhin an tu Macleoid ach dachaidh a bha gl£ chumhang dhbmhsa, A dh’fhalbh gle 6g ’n ad mhairiche? gun bhi ro fharsuing dhithse, dachaidh a Chaidh innse dhomh gun chaill iad thu dh’fhkg mu dheireadh gun dachaidh idir mi, Thall ann an Astralia. agus a dh’fhag an diugh mi gun sgil no Tha mise seo mar bhk mi, eSlas air gaol-mkthar, ach a leantuinn ’S cha chnamh a’ chlach-mheallain mi, dreuchd nach dbigh gu’m bogaich i cridhe. ’S gus an teich an Eudha Btm Ach rinn thu dachaidh dhuinn ged a As mo n&bachd, cha chairich mi. b’fhuair dhomhs ’ i, agus leis a sin bidh fois aig Maol-innis.” Ged tha mi l&idir, m6r, is krd, Chaidh airm Mhaoil-innis a chrochadh ris Bheir fear no dh£i mo char asam, na ballachan a rithist, ’s an spr^idh a leigeil Is- e mo bhathar tha toirt fks ris na bruthaichean. Mu’n cuairt na cagailt Air a’ bhunt&ta s t-earrach aca. an oidhch’ ud, an uair a laigh a ghrian air Cha tig na meirlich gu mo ph&idheadh, La Fheill Micheil, dh’aithriseadh sgeoil air Ged nach f&g iad stamh orm, Murchadh na Seid, air gach teintein am ’S na faighinn cothrom falbh, Maol-innis. Dh’eisd an oigridh ris an Bhiodh crith-thalmhuinn mu’n teallaichean. aosda, agus chaidh an linn a dh’fhalbh a ’Nuair thig an samhradh blath orm, thoirt mu chomhair na cuideachd anns gach Fagaidh am mulad mi, tigh ceilidh am Maol-innis. Cha bhi mi mar tha ckch; (Ri ’leantainn.) Bidh mi Ikn de na h-uile rud. <> Na h-eoin a thig gu m’ shkilean, ’Ga sksuchadh uil’ agam; UNPUBLISHED GAELIC POETRY. ’S ged bhiodh iad ann am fiachan, Chan iarr mi dhaibh sumanadh. The following song was composed by the Bhithinn-sa gle stadail, late John Macleod, brother to the late Neil Na fkgte mo chuid agam, Macleod (CErsach an Doire), after return- Chan ’eil iasg a th’ann ’san t-skl ing from a sea voyage to his native place, Nach ’eil pkirt deth tigh’nn thugamsa. Glendale, in Skye. The “Ceannaiche” is a Gach langa thig air snamh high cliff on the west of Skye, not far from Gu mo thrkigh, troimh na cruinneagan, the Feiste, noted for its strong and Thig Euain Chaluim Bhain, dangerous tidal current. Another cliff in Agus tkrraidh e uile iad. the vicinity is “An t-Aigeach,’' or the Ei km na frais, bho bhuinn mo chas, stallion. Bheir Calum Eos mo ghiomaich leis, AM BARD. ’S cha d’fhkg e crubag air mo chulaibh ’Nuair a chuir mi fkilt air an Aigeach, Nach do sgiurs e uile as. ’S cha d’aithnich e mi, Tha’n diugh mo bhutha air a spuilleadh, Ni mi nis an dkn seo B’fhekrr dhomh duinte buileach i, Le bMgh dhutsa a Cheannaiche. Gu ruig agus na bkrnaich, Gur trie a bha mi lamh riut, Cha d’fhkg e iad gun chruinneachadh. Mun d’fhkg mi am fearann seo, ’Nuair thig an r6n gu buinn mo bhrogan, Air oidhehean mu d’chliathaich Gheibh mi comhradh suileanta; Ag iasgach nan smalagan. Bidh ’n fhaoileag bhkn gu trie a’ seanchas, Bho’n dh’fhag mi thusa, chan eil sruth Ged tha’n sgarbh ’na bhumaileir. A tha air muir nach aithne dhomh; A chorra-ghriodhach, thig i fein Dh’fhalbh mo chruth, mo neart, ’s mo ghuth, Le ’cliu’s a beusan urramach, Ma tha thu ’n diugh ’gam aithneachadh. ’S gur trie a rinn mi ’cbmhdach Ged tha thu fein a’ seasamh treun Le spbgan na h-iolaire. Ei gaoith nan speur, cha chairich thu, Cha chrith thu bh&rr do bhuinn Bis na tuinn a tha stealladh ort. Next Song will be “An t-Aigeach. ’’ 184 AN DEO-GREINE. SOME INTERESTING ASSOCIATIONS towards their chairman was greatly increased by the uncommon spirit displayed by that OF A PIONEER CELTIC SOCIETY. worthy baronet, who, though above seventy years of age, appeared in costume with hose, BY GLEANNACH. philabeg, and belted plaid, and armed with broadsword, pistols, and dirk. He retired Eead at a meeting of the Inverness Branch at a late hour amid loud applause and on 21st April, 1921. unequivocal marks of approbation, and General L. Gumming was called to the chair, The conclusion that seems legitimate to and continued in it till the close of the meet- come to as to the destiny of the Inverlochy ing. The object of the Society is to Society is that it was absorbed between the encourage the preservation of the ancient years 1817 and 1820 in the London Society, garb and other characteristics of the High- known as “The Club of True Highlanders,’’ lands of Scotland, for which purpose it is an institution which in its time performed intended to distribute premiums in the important services to the Gaelic cause. It different districts. Nor should this be traced brought together, and kept together, in to a mere feeling of national vanity—a desire friendly bond, many of the most illustrious to preserve them as a last relic of individu- among London Gaels during a period in the ality; it is grounded on just principles, and development and resuscitation of Highland seems to arise out of a consciousness of their sentiment, when were laid down the value in cherishing those feelings of beginnings of good results later to be enthusiasm, emulation, and courage, with- achieved. It would seem to have given out which no people can ever soar above the particular attention to the preservation and passive condition of mere bondmen, and perpetuation of customs relating to the dress, none that were present at this or the former and manners, and habits of the Gael, and meeting need be told how much the very among a membership distinguished in a dress contributes to awaken such feeling. marked degree were such notable names as To strangers there is a romantic graceful- James Logan and Robert Ronald Maclain. ness in the dress which interests and I noticed last year, in an issue of “The animates them; to Scotchmen there are Inverness Courier, ’ ’ an interesting reference associations of ancient glory and independ- to a meeting of a “Celtic Society’’ in London ence, and recollections of chivalrous suffer- one hundred and one years ago, an event ing and conquest in more recent times, which which we should probably identify with the are like magic on them, and give strength to activities, in the year 1820, of this same the feeble, courage to the timid, and rapture association. The quotation referred to to the brave. It was not the former faint- says:— hearted cheerings of many of our present “On Friday, the 26th ult., the second popular meetings that here followed the public meeting of the Celtic Club was held healths of the good and the great, and every in Oman’s Hotel, when seventy gentlemen sentiment of honour and loyalty; each word in the full Highland garb sat down to dinner seemed to ring on the heart, and every toast —Sir John Murray, Baronet, supported by to pronounce a jubilee. If the daily acces- General Graham Stirling and the Rev. Dr. sion of distinguished members to this already Anderson, in the chair; the Hon. General numerous Society be any proof in favour of Leslie Gumming, Colonel David Stuart of its principles, no other need be hinted at, Garth, and Mr. Gordon of Carrol, croupiers. but they may turn to the past, and look The loyal and patriotic toasts, proposed by forward to the future battles of the country, the venerable chairman, were received with to tell how worthy of preservation are the the utmost enthusiasm by the company, and dark plumes and graceful plaid of Caledonia, followed up alternately by the Society’s and how laudable and rational are the objects piper and Gow’s excellent band, with and exertions of the Celtic Society.’’ appropriate music. A number of national This Society was thoroughly character- songs were sung by members, and in the istic in its representation of Highland course of the evening several Highland reels customs of the olden times. It countenanced were danced to the inspiring notes of the and supported shinty and other Highland pipes. Glengarry, who had only arrived in sports in the city; and we read in the press town that afternoon, joined them in the of the time of numerous functions that took evening, and was received with loud cheers. place under its auspices there during many The respect and attachment of the meeting years. AN DEO-GREINE. 185 In conclusion, I would mention that a “But none has ever yet return’d native of Inverness, of considerable distinc- To tell the tale, save Gallic, tion in his day, in the person of David Of all the spirits which grim Death MacDonald, the poet, was for a long period Hath wafted in his wherry. attached to the Club. He sang eloquently “The trophies of that victory of its shinty matches, and, on one occasion, Are now in his possession; of the famous Gallic, the henchman of the Which I have, as a witness, sworn Society, in the following verses : — Before the Court of Session. “GALLIE THE HENCHMAN’S CONQUEST OF “A battle or Lochaber axe, DEATH. By which Death’s murder’d millions; “As recited at a meeting of the Club of ’Grav’d on the blade the car of death, True Highlanders, held in the British Coffee With snakes, and fiend postillions. House, Cockspur Street, by R. R. Maclain, “One vivid scene still haunts my mind, Esq., of the Theatres Royal, Covent Which I can never bury: Garden, and the English Opera House, 183,5. That struggle in Death’s passage-boat, “On Styx’s banks one day I roamed, While crossing Styx’s ferry. Beside the Stygian ferry; “By night, by day, asleep or wake, And on the verge of life I sat, The vision haunts me ever, And there awhile did tarry; With phantoms rising in my view, “Deep ruminating on the past, Which set me in a fever. ’’ And reckless of the future;— The humour and purport of these stanzas My muse disgusted at the time will be better appreciated when the follow- With scenes that did not suit her. ing particulars regarding the henchman, “When, lo! the grim old tyrant, Death, taken from Mr. MacIntyre North’s volume, Sat rowing in his wherry; are submitted: — And who, think ye, sat by his side, “The door is kept or sentinelled by a But our good henchman, Gallic? certain official, styled a henchman. The “Then horror struck, I hallo’d out, henchman in our time was one Gallic, a In dreadful consternation: native of Tain, a thick-set, sturdy, grim, Oh! Gallic! haste ye back, or he gruff old fellow, a Gaidheal of the purest and Will waft you to damnation. roughest type, proud of his post, and looking just as we may fancy Fingal’s door-keeper “When off his lethargy he shook, to have looked ‘when the curtain of the night Apprised then of his danger; descended on the hills, and heroes were And cast a look towards the shore, feasting in selma.’ On opening the door to And saw I was no stranger. admit a visitor, he used to flourish a “In Highland wrath he swore that he tremendous battle-axe—the symbol of his Death’s brittle bones would sever, office—in a way so unexpected, and so If not restored quick back to earth, formidable, that every stranger who did not Where he might live for ever. start back in affright was astonished to find “ ‘Well done! ’ quoth I, ‘that’s bravely said, his head on. There was nothing so I’ll see a fair decision. genuinely Gaelic-looking about the Club as If ye beat Death, and gain the shore, Gallic—he was a very Cerberus of a Celt— I’ll stand a pinch of sneeshin. ’ though, poor fellow, ‘his look was worse “Now Death insidiously strove than his bite.’ To a Highland eye, wearied His opponent to strangle; of seeing Sassunach shapes and visages, it And still as keen did Gallic strive was truly refreshing to look at him. ’ ’ His fleshless frame to mangle. 0 “I need not hint how Gallic beat The mighty king of terrors, Diverting him of all his arms— We regret having to record the death of Mr. But let me note some errors. Archd. MacKellar, President of the Mid- “Predominant in sages wise, Argyll Association. Mr. MacKellar was a In poets, priests, and painters, member of An Comunn for many years, For Death is arm’d with scythe and dart and represented his Association on the By these false representers. Executive Council. 186 AN DEO-GREINE. SECRETARY’S PAGE. the side rooms for all the competitions, and it will facilitate the work of the stewards if they will hold themselves in readiness for their particular competitions when called Mar a thubhairt, b’fhior! Tha am Mod upon. so a’ dol a tboirt bkrr air na chaidh roimhe C$3 C$3 C$3 gun teagamh. Cha do chruinnicheadh riamh Advance booking for the Grand Concert roimhe fo bhratach na Gkidhlig uidhir de and Gaelic Drama has been entrusted to luchd seinn, agus bidh Talla Mor a’ bhaile Messrs. Paterson, Buchanan Street. Prices so a’ seirm le luinneagan ceolar fad thri for admission to the various events have been fixed as follows :—To Mod proceedings, laithean, o mhoch gu feasgar. Tha na each day 1/3; Junior Concert, 2/4; Gaelic smeoraich a’ tighinn oimn as gach ce&rna Drama, 3/6 (reserved) and 2/4; Grand de’n Ghaidhealtachd. Buaidh is piseach Concert, 4/9 (reserved), 3/6, and 2/4, all ’nan lorg air fad! including tax. The customary Competitors’ cfc t# Dance will be held after the Grand Concert A largely attended meeting of the Mod on Friday evening. The Highland Ball, as Local Committee was held in the office here already advertised, will take place on Tues- on 22nd ult., and the Committee will meet day evening, tickets one guinea each. regularly each Monday evening until the C$3 C$3 C$3 Mod takes place. Arrangements are now The preliminary Census report shows that well forward for the Mod, and a record the total number in Scotland of those able gathering is confidently anticipated. The to speak Gaelic but not English amounts to official opening will take place on Wednes- 10,314, and the total number of those able day at noon, and as the Magistrates have to speak both Gaelic and English 151,159. graciously given their patronage to the Mod Compared with the numbers at the time of it is hoped that the Lord Provost and many the previous Census those speaking Gaelic of the Magistrates will attend the ceremony. only are 8086 fewer, and those speaking t# C$3 i$ Gaelic as well as English 32,839 fewer. Both these numbers have shown a steady The entries in the Senior Solo and Duet dechne during the last 30 years. In 1891 competitions eclipse any previous record, those speaking Gaelic but not English num- and consequently the Committee have had bered 43,738. In 1901 this number had to arrange to take seven of the Solo competi- fallen to 28,106, in 1911 to 18,400, and it tions on Wednesday, commencing at 9.30 is now, as above stated, 10,314, or less than a.m., in the Berkeley Hall. The Junior one-quarter of what it was 30 years ago. competitions will be held concurrently in the The number of persons speaking Gaelic Kent Hall and No. 1 Room. In the evening and English in 1891 was 210,677, in 1901 ;t the usual Junior Concert will be held in the had fallen to 202,700, in 1911 to 183,998, Berkeley Hall. and it is now 151,159. In 1891 6.3 per C$3 C$3 ($3 cent, of the total population of Scotland were able to talk Gaelic; the corresponding Thursday will be devoted entirely to figure is now 3.3 per cent. There are three Senior Solo and Oral competitions, three counties in Scotland containing a consider- halls being engaged for the forenoon. The able number of persons able to speak Gaelic Gold Medal competitions will take place in only, these being Ross and Cromarty, Inver- the afternoon in the Grand Hall. The ness, and Argyll. In the first of which Ladies’ competition will commence at 3 those able to speak Gaelic only numbered o’clock, and the Gentlemen’s is timed io 4860, in the second 4660, and in the third start at 4.30. There are 29 entries for the 599. Outside these three counties only 195 former, and 31 for the latter. persons have been returned as speaking C$3 C$3 C$3 Gaelic but not English. In the county of Competitors are asked to note that Ross and Cromarty 57.5 per cent, of the arrangements are already made to apply the population was returned as being able to necessary test as to their ability to read or speak Gaelic, in Sutherland 50.0 per cent., converse in Gaelic, as per regulations in the in Inverness 48.8 per cent., and in Argyll syllabus affecting competitions 43 to 47. 33.1 per cent. Competitors will be accommodated in one of Null. AN DEO-GREINE. 187 ETIQUETTE OF THE GAEL. names as barbarous, and indeed quite foreign to the usages of Gaelic etiquette. About the period of the Irish Rebellion in A Sheain, a chara,—In your article on the ’98, after which date some of my ancestors use of the single Christian name in Irish, and remoter relatives trekked to South does not the distinction drawn between the Africa, where they exchanged the shillelah Gaelic and English practice mark rather the for the sjambok, I should imagine that the old line of cleavage which separated the simpler style of Celtic confirmation, ‘‘fe early Celtic Church from other Christian laimh Easboig, ” was the one most Churches, because the former clung prevalent, at least in Irish Ireland, during tenaciously to Celtic customs and institu- the second half of the eighteenth century, tions, and was slow to adopt those of alien before they emigrated; for, if you examined peoples and cultures? the Irish names of officials, farmers, and The English practice of favouring or other colonists up to about 1815, as pre- recommending the use of two or more served in old records and reports, minutes Christian names, except among the hewers and proceedings of burghers’ meetings and of wood and drawers of water, was at all the like, you would find that the earliest times a breach of etiquette which had not generation of Irish settlers used a single originally the support of Celtic tradition ..r Christian name, whereas from about 1830 the sanction of the Celtic Church. And onwards the later generations show an in- despite the lapse of many centuries, during creasing tendency to adopt the non-Gaelic which English influence has penetrated into practice of favouring two or more Christian the most secret places, it is not yet gener- names, the fashion being set by the Church ally adopted throughout Gaeldom. Single of England, which claims to lead in social Christian names are the invariable rule in affairs. As I am a direct descendant of the old and modern genealogies of any preten- earlier type of immigrant before 1815, I am sion, so that exceptions would seem to able to speak with some authority on South indicate heathen influence—e.g., Saxon < r African Irish names, being as familiar with English. the Irish language as the old and modern The older a genealogy is, the more it lies, Zulu.—Is mise, Gu dileas, and the prouder is its possessor. According Sui Belra Fene. to the lore of the ancient Druids, the Father of all Highland Genealogy was “a tall, dark <> man,” who was the first to invent a soda- THE SKYE SINGING COMPETITIONS. fountain in Scotland, and suffered much from a wandering memory through mixing About two years ago, a native of ‘‘Eilean his drinks. I only thought of mentioning a’ Cheb” declared to us, with all the this fact to remind you that ancient gravity of one who had made a careful study genealogies have to be approached with of the trend of things in that historic island, extreme caution by the historian, who sets that in so far as any Gaelic revival was con- out to tell the truth, and nothing but the cerned Skye was in a state of coma! At the truth, before applying the magnifier and the time we felt unable to dispute the asser- whitewash. It is not through envy of tion. He seemed to be in possession of all those with a pedigree as long as the Laird the facts, and ready to prove them, whilst o’ Cockpen’s. The fact is, I can trace my we had none. Nothing remained to us by pedigree for about forty thousand years way of retort but to accuse him of undue back, but prefer to keep it'quiet. pessimism, and to recommend a course of Now, a Highland or ancient Irish some liver tonic. It is needless to say that genealogy has its points, good and bad. It he was of the materialistic, commercial is a fearful thing to fall into the middle of school. As time went on, however, signs it and lose your relativity. Carefully were not awanting that Skye was wakening pickled and preserved, it lasts no end of up from its state of “coma,” as our friend time, exhaling that penetrating odour of a called it, and that the youth of the island ripe old age which dissolves into tears the were becoming interested in things Gaelic. most hardened sceptic with a face of flint. It is to the youth, everywhere, that we But although old Gaelic genealogies are must look for bringing about what the often’ stranger than fiction and unreliable as future has in store, and not to those records of truth, they all go to show that the advanced in years who have become, so to Gael must have regarded double Christian speak, more or less stereotyped in habits and 188 AN DEO-GREINE. opinions. The best of the youth of our time distance of 8 miles—and that their perform- in the Highlands are being highly educated ance reflected the highest credit on Mr. in schools that can now hold their own MacLean as an able teacher is also evident, against any schools that are lauded else- especially when the short time at his dis- where. The broadening effect on their posal for tutoring is taken into consideration. minds, instead of driving them to despise In the senior competition the number of their mother tongue has produced the entrants was less, but the competition was opposite result. They probably realise that not less keenly contested. knowledge of Gaelic cannot possibly be The judges were Miss Macrae, Kyle, and detrimental to their success in life, and that Mr. Murchison, Factor, Balmacara, whose it is as easy to carry as a knowledge of unbiassed decisions have given entire French or Latin. satisfaction. We have, on several occasions, said in the pages of this Magazine, that music is the After the competitions a programme of handmaid of the language, and that to ignore Gaelic and English songs and instrumental song is to cast aside the most important music was gone through. Everybody was aid to the development of Gaelic. The one delighted. The proceedings terminated must not be divorced from the other. It with votes of thanks to Lady Macdonald, was, therefore, a happy idea on the part of the Hon. Iona Macdonald, the judges, Mr. the Glasgow Skye Association, aided Maclean, and the Skye Association and the financially by two of their members, now Comunn Gaidhealach. well known for their generosity, Mr. D. Macleod of Skeabost and Mr. Angus Robert- The final of the competitions took place son, Glasgow, Vice-President of An at Portree towards the end of July. The Comunn Gaidhealach, to organise singing adjudicators were Mr. Roderick Macleod, competitions. No doubt other members Inverness; Mr. Alex. Murchison, Portree; lent their aid also. It is a pleasure to record and Miss Rhoda Macleod, Inverness. that the natives in the surrounding districts There was a crowded audience in the Skye lent their support, and thus contributed to Gathering Hall. The competitors gave make the functions such an outstanding excellent renderings of the test pieces, and success. Let us hope that means may be the audience were highly appreciative. found for continuing these competitions, so The meeting was, in all respects, a highly that it may not be said by the enemy that successful one. this was a mere flash in the pan for one In the evening a Gaelic and English season. concert was held in the same hall under the As we pen those lines, our recollection chairmanship of Mr. Angus Robertson, goes back to a period sixty years ago, when Kinloch. As is well known, Mr. Robertson influences, no doubt well meant, were suffi- is a rousing and effective speaker in either ciently strong to render competitions in Gaelic or English, and in his opening “vain songs’’ futile. But “the whirlgig of remarks caught the ear of his audience at Time brings in his revenges. ” The world’s the very outset. He roused their outlook has changed, and “the thoughts of enthusiasm to a pitch of fervour which men are widened with the process of the augurs well for the Gaelic cause in Skye. suns. ’’ Mr. Roderick Macleod, as might be The competition held on the 13th of July expected, delighted his audience, some of took place in the hall of Armadale Castle, whom had travelled miles to hear him. kindly lent by Lady Macdonald for the occa- Miss Rhoda Macleod also gave fine render- sion. During the previous three weeks Mr. ings of some of our melodies. Mr. Calum Hugh Maclean, the Comunn’s teacher cf Stewart and Mr. Peter M. Maclean, two music, conducted singing classes in Glasgow Skye singers, were warmly encored. different parts of the parish of Sleat prepara- Praise is due to Mr. Roderick Mackenzie, tory to the competition. The hall_ was whose Gaelic choir gave such a good account comfortably filled with an appreciative of themselves. audience presided over by the Hon. Iona A very successful dance closed the pro- Macdonald. That the school children were ceedings. Mr. Macleod of Skeabost provided keenly interested in the competition was the prizes. The proceeds of the concert, evident from the gratifying number of amounting to over £40, go to the funds of entrants—the greater number coming a An Comunn Gaidhealach, AN DEO-GREINE. 189 WHO WERE THE PICTS? at anyrate as non-Gaelic. The latter supposition has had a great vogue. It was elaborated very well by Bhys, the well- MR. F. C. DIACK’S RESEARCHES. known Welsh scholar, who has presented as strong a case as anyone is likely to make for regarding the Piets as “British” (Brythonic PLACE NAMES OF THE NORTH-EAST. Celts, i.e., Celts of the Welsh and Breton branch). This theory was more or less accepted by Dr. Macbain and Professor The following article, which has been sent Watson. It successfully explained the us, appeared in the Aberdeen Free Press on phenomena presented by place-names in the 9th August. Mr. Diack is a capable and Pictland which begin with the letter “P” well-known writer on other subjects also. (Pitlochry, Pitfour, Pitcaple, etc.), for the initial “P” is foreign to the Gaelic tongue either in Scotland or Ireland. But it was a Whether or not it will ever be possible to theory first erected and then proved; it tell us much about the Piets—that is to say, lacked the one and indispensable basis upon about the direct ancestors of the majority of which a theory that is to have any real value the Scottish people—the time is already must be built. That basis can only be found overdue for having the study of Scottish in a careful survey of the linguistic data place-names placed upon a thoroughly supplied by the Pictish place-names which modern and strictly scientific basis. Only are still in use to-day. It is by no means when this is done will the investigation of enough, as some investigators have thought, our national origins escape from the mass of to work from Ordnance Survey maps. error, not to say superstition, which has so People have been known to publish books on long beset it. Apart from what the Scottish place-names with no other equip- anthropologist may discover, we have practi- ment than O.S. maps and a Macleod and cally only one channel of information Dewar’s Gaelic Dictionary. The .result of regarding our ancestors as they were before such methods is quite worthless. Long ago the dawn of history. The place-names of Joyce brought out his excellent book on the country, along perhaps with a few Irish place-names^ based upon the principle personal names, form this channel. These that it is the spoken name which is the real names form a really living link between the one, and that the written name is very modem and the ancient life of Scotland, and unreliable in most cases as a starting point in them is to be sought all the information from which to investigate origins. Now-a- we are likely to get about the Pictish people. days no one need be listened to who does THE PICTISH QUESTION. not work upon this principle, particularly in The Piets inhabited the northern half of areas like Scotland where the overwhelming Scotland at the point of time where our mass of place-names are plainly Celtic. historic knowledge begins, and, allowing fer Under these circumstances, special a certain amount of immigration into that interest attaches to a series of articles on the area from outside, it is probably true to say “Place-Names of Pictland,” of which the that the Pictish stock is still the overwhelm- first appears in the current issue of the ingly preponderating one throughout all that “Revue Celtique,” the periodical edited by area. What sort of race they were is a topic Professor Loth, the eminent French Celtic which has for long had attention from both scholar. The author of this series of competent and incompetent scholars. The articles, Mr. Francis C. Diack, of Aberdeen, rather cryptic references to the Piets which carries the investigation of Scottish place- exist in the ancient chronicles, and, above names further than has hitherto been all, the entire absence from Scotland of any attempted. Previous writings by Mr. ancient Gaelic historical writings such as Diack, of which several have appeared in the Ireland possesses in abundance, left a clear columns of this paper, have made Mr. field for speculation. The linguistic evid- Diack’s name familiar to those interested ence, contained in the place-names, has in the subject concerned, and the appear- always pointed to the presence of a Gaelic- ance of his work in the chief Continental speaking race over all Pictland. Out of journal devoted to Celtic scholarship and this arose the picturesque notion of a con- research, is evidence of the value put upon quest of the Piets by the Gaels. For the that work by the chief French authorities Piets were imagined either as non-Celtic, cr upon Celtic linguistics. 190 AN DEO-GREINE. THE PICTS WERE GAELS. modem names correspond exactly to the In the article referred to, Mr. Diack ancient, but only by Gaelic phonology. If points out the main features of the Scottish the Piets spoke British, then by the time place-names which can be regarded as their language was supplanted by a sup- Pictish. We gather that he entertains no posed Gaelic invasion (whether of people or doubt whatever that the Piets, as shown by of language or of both), which cannot have these names, were Gaels; in other words, been before the 7th or 8th century, the old that the language to which these names Celtic forms must have already undergone belong is Gaelic, of the Scoto-Irish type, the phonetic developments of the time; and that no Cymric or “British” influence is ‘Deva’ must have been well on the way to needed to explain the phenomena presented something like old Welsh ‘duiu,’ and by them. A special feature is that the ‘Devana’ to some un-Gaelic form. These, names, throughout a large part of the or a Gaelic attempt at them, would have Pictish area, are now entirely Anglicised, been the names to survive to-day. As it is, and that in many cases Qieir Gaelic form is on any Brythonic theory of Pictish, the now irrecoverable. But the Gaelic names names ‘Dea’in’ and ‘De’ stand unexplain- of many places situated far down the Low- able, parentage and lineage unknown. ” lands are none the less extant. Mr. Diack has collected a great many, and the result MR. DIACK’S FIELD OF RESEARCH. is a more effective handling of these names, We quote the foregoing statement at philologically, than has been yet reached. length, because with anyone who has in- Throughout the territory once inhabited terested himself in the subject it will at once by the Piets there are several noticeable command attention. So far as we are groups of suffixes in the place-names. aware, it contains the first reasoned denial There is, for instance, the termination—as yet made of the theory that the Piets were or es, as seen in the names Geddes, Clunas, Brythonic or other non-Goidelic Celts. Duffus, Ferness, Nevis, Crathes, Rothes, And the case for classing the Piets as Forbes, etc. Both Dr. Macbain and Pro- members of the Goidelic (i.e., Gaelic) branch fessor Watson have declared these names to of the Celtic people is fortified by a mass of be non-Gaelic, but Mr. Diack, on the other research on Mr. Diack’s part which is far hand, shows them to be clearly Gaelic. And beyond anything yet attempted in this line he is specially interesting in dealing with the in Scotland. Professor Watson’s excellent groups of Pictish river names. One group work on “Ross-shire Place-Names” deals ends in ar, as in Farrer, Naver, Lour (Aber- with an area where the Gaelic language is lour), Tanner, Bruar; while a still more still current. Mr. Diack’s research work remarkable group is the an group, which over the north-eastern counties, an area includes bom the Dee and the Don. The which is to be definitely regarded as Pict- Don is in Gaelic “Dea’in,” a word which, land, has involved, by comparison, the much when Gaelic was spoken in Strathdon, had more formidable task of tracing spoken a sound like the English word “chain.” names in regions where the language has This word, Mr. Diack says, is “the direct been long dead or is now moribund. descendant of some oblique case (dative o'- All who realise the circumstances are locative) of Ptolemy’s Devana. Both this aware that such an investigation is not to name and that of the adjoining river to the be delayed, because of the rapidity with south, the Dee, are u’timately derived, he which spoken Gaelic is disappearing on the says, from the Indo-European root “deiv,” Scottish mainland. Mr. Diack, in fact, has which appears in the English word “divine, stepped into this field just in time, and his and both accordingly afford clear evidence further publications will be awaited with of river worship in a very pronounced form. the highest interest. In his article in the But they also prove that the Piets were “Revue Celtique” there is promise of one Gaels, and they upset the whole “British” of the most important contributions to early theory about the Piets referred to above. Scottish history since Skene published his We may quote Mr. Diack’s words : — “Celtic Scotland.” “Linguistically and historically con- 0 sidered, these two river names (Dee and Don) seem to be of decisive importance, and Mac bantraich aig am bi crodh, even by themselves are enough to prove what Searrach seann-larach air greidh, the Celtic speech of the district has been Nighean muilleir ’g am bi min, from the first century onwards. The Triuir as meamnaiche air bith. AN DEO-GREINE. 191 CALLER DULSE! expressions to suit all kinds of modern requirements, the English speech borrows almost nothing from the Gaelic for either WHERE THE STREET CRY CAME FROM. educated or dialect use. But it borrowed “dulse.” In Irish Gaelic (whence Scots We are indebted to Mr. G. M. Fraser, Gaelic, originally), it is “duileasg, ” an Librarian to the Aberdeen Public Library, edible sea-weed, as with us, and it has been for the following interesting article, which suggested—probably correctly—that it arises appeared in the Aberdeen Free Press on the from “duille, ” a leaf, and “uisge,” water, 16th of August. The Free Press frequently a water leaf, which, in a sense, it is. gives considerable space to articles on Professor Wright, in the English Dialect subjects connected with Gaelic. Dictionary, set it down as “what is drifted on the shore,” a phrase I never understood This once-familiar street cry in Aberdeen (for in the north of Scotland the fisher folk appears to have ceased in these recent years, plucked the short, sweet “dulse” from the and the clean, tidy fisher girls, that carried rocks at low tide), until I saw what happened the succulent sea-weed through the streets in Dundee. I saw the hawkers gather the in round baskets, skilfully balanced against long “dulse” washed ashore on the beach their side with their left arm, must have at Droughty Ferry, and sell it afterwards passed into other lines of life. One would from hand-carts in Dundee. not have expected those girls to be able to explain the philological meaning of their cry, but now that it has passed away, and will AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH. only appear in history, a moment or two may NEW LIFE MEMBER. be spared to consider it. Archd. MacDonald, Esq., Govan. “Caller Dulse!” The very sound is refreshing, and the person who first used it AlasdairNEW MacGregor, ORDINARY Esq., MEMBERS. Edinburgh. must have had keen perception of human Angus MacDonald, Esq., Glasgow. nature. The phrase, so to speak, captured Allan MacLean, Esq., Clydebank. the trade. One never heard “Fresh Dulse! ’ ’ Major Neil MacKenzie, Fort William. although you heard “Fresh Haddocks ! ” and Alex. MacKay, Esq., Glasgow. for the reason, perhaps, that “caller” means Miss Helen S. MacKay, Glasgow. more than merely fresh. It means, if one PreviouslyDONATIONS acknowledged TO ...GLASGOW MOD. may say so, “refreshingly fresh”; at any- Mid-Argyll Association ... rate, that was the idea that the fisher girls The Lady Helen Tod seemed wishful to convey. “Caller” is an Glasgow Islay Association old-world expression, used widely in J.St. MacalisterColumba ChurchHall, Esq. Gaelic ... Choir Northern England and Scots dialect, asso- W. J. MacAlister, Esq., ciated, some think, with the obsolete word Roderick MacLeod, Esq., London, “calver,” to prepare salmon or other fish Miss Mailt. Williams when freshly caught. It is a Scandinavian MissSeumas, Campbell Chief ofof ClannSuccoth Fheargh word, classed by Skeat with such familiar William Hendry, Esq. Scandinavian expressions as “blether,” Murdo MacTaggart, Esq. empty talk, “busk,” to dress or decorate, William MacKay, Esq., LL.D. “coup,” to exchange, “lift,” the sky (A.S. Islay Kerr, Esq lyft, Ger. Luft), “mirk,” darknes§, “pud- Donald Macphie,MacLean, Esq. Esq. dock,” a frog, “roose,” to praise, “skep,” G. A. Campbell, Yr., of Succoth a bee-hive, “wale,” to choose, “wick” (of Lord Ashbourne mouth, or eyes, etc.), angle, or comer, and Andrew Stewart, Esq. other such words still in use in the dialect Rev.Mrs DavidColl A. Boyle MacDonald ... both in England and Scotland. J.“Tirisdeach” Stewart Bannatyne BORROWED FROM THE GAELIC. Captain Angus Robertson The word “dulse” is entirely different. Colin Sinclair, Esq. It is one of the comparatively few expres- PeterDonald Macintyre, Cook, Esq. Esq. (add.) sions that our dialect has borrowed directly Mrs. D. Cook (add.) from the Gaelic. The Gaelic language Miss A. M. MacNeill borrows constantly from the English and Mrs MacGibbon never pays back. That is to say, although Miss MacDougall of Lunga the Gaelic speech adapts current English 192 AN DEO-GREINE. Demy 8vo. 328 Pages. 12/6 net. Postage 7d. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK The Shop for Gaelic Books. ON HIGHLAND AFFAIRS. 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