9hv COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES cyilAGAZINE Volume ZO No. lo ^ October 1930 Dtnamitk: elearsi tit© way for modern engineering wonders! •j Signals M-I N-E-S /

The Chrysler Mine Signals that are dependable. Operating from lighting system. Requires no batteries. he Traylor;Screens, as well as the conveyorS/ Bnildiii are electrica y operated.

hey require little care, besides having no bear­ ings, oil or grease. •

world's highest structure • • • '^,,.4" Write for our Mine Signal System folder c) how DYNAMITE helped to build this mighty skyscraper

1400 Delgany St. THE TRAYLOR VIBRATOR CO. Denver, Colo. npHE Chrysler Building . . , toweringahoveNew York's X amazing skyline . . . looms 1046 feet into the blue. It is the tallest structure ever built by man. Genius of engineering did it. But the power of dynamite was there . . . working efficiently, quickly, to blast out solid rock so that the giant foundations might be placed. Dynamite is the ally of the modem engineer. It is the tool without which carefully designed plans for many heroic undertakings would never be more than paper plans. Do You Believe in Skyscrapers. Tunnels through mountams, under rivers and cities. Bridges and highways. Dams and reservoirs. These . . . and numerous other . . . engineering marvels are built with the aid of dynamite. Dynamite digs into the Safety ? earth and blasts out raw materials used in the making of countless articles we use every day. Then you believe in Stonehouse Signs— Dynamite is more than important to industry , , . it is HIGH necessary! VOLTAGE They are standard for all industries— They act as reminders for the old em­ If you would like to learn more about explosives and ployee and give instructions to the new how to use them ... if you want to learn today for tomorrow's jobs . . . simply write direct to the du Pont —Stonehouse signs are made to stand Company for full information. £1S up under all conditions—Write for You will receive a copy of the Blasters^ Handbook, Catalog No. 3. which contains a great deal of the vast knowledge of explosives gamed by the du Pont Company in 128 years tEO.U. S. PAT.Of- of making and testing explosives. This book is used in the classrooms and dormitories of leading technical institutions. EXPLOSIVES Your copy is free. Write for it.

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The Denver Sewer Pipe and Clay Co. Mid-summer 1896 saw sweating delegates to room, corner the money of the world. We speak for this broader class of business men .... (Cheers) MANUFACTURERS OF CLAV PRODUCTS the Democratic National Convention in Chi­ Our petitions . . . scorned . . . We beg no longer. cago fiercely split into two camps: Gold (cur­ We petition no more. We defy them. (Loud applause) BROADWAY AT CURTIS p. O. BOX £329 The holders of fixed investments have declared for DENVER, CoxiORADO rency based on gold only) and Silver (Bi-met- alism, currency based on both silver and gold) the gold standard, but not . . . the masses. . . . "There are two ideas of government: There are The financial crisis of 1893 had forced the those who believe that if you . . . make the well-to- government to stop buying and minting silver. do prosperous, their prosperity will leak through on Thus money was growing scarce, particularly those below. The Democratic idea has been, however, for Western and Southern farmers. They, bur­ that if you legislate to make the masses prosperous, their prosperity will find its way up through every dened with mortgages and debts contracted class which rests upon them, (Cheers) during the post-Civil War boom when currency "You tell us that the great cities are in favor of was plentiful, now demanded free and unlim­ the gold standard. We reply that the great cities rest ited silver coinage with which to pay these upon our broad and fertile prairies .... Destroy our farms and the grass will grow in the streets of debts. The Republicans weaseled, declared for every city in the country. . . . a gold standard until international bi-metalism "Having behind us the producing masses of this For speed and convenience in ordering was possible. Eastern Democrats led by Senator nation and the world ... we will answer their de­ Hill of New York also stood for gold In the mand for a gold standard by saying to them: Yoii your personal or business engraved shall not press down upon tbe brow of labor this stifling convention hall, the debate dragged on. crown of thorns; you shall not crucify mankind upon As TIME, had it been published July 13, 1896, a cross of gold." would have reported subsequent events: A moment's silence, then a frenzied roar that an­ Christmas Greeting Cards nounced -the coming to glory of a new leader. Yell­ . . . Last scheduled speaker was Nebraska's young ing, weeping, hundreds of delegates struggled to the clip the enclosed coupon and send for onetime congressman, William Jennings Bryan, No. 1 platform. Eight huskies lifted Orator Bryan to their Orator of the Silver Democrats. His sonorous voice shoulders, and the parade began .... Later the our SPECIMEN SET. It saves time easily filled the hall as he sketched the history of the Convention rejected the gold plank, adopted one de­ currency conflict, then defiantly faced the Gold dele­ manding "free and unlimited coinage of both silver gates: and gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1." That and bother to order in this way and night a huge crowd gathered in front of Bryan's "You tell us that we are about to disturb your hotel, forced him to repeat his speech. . . . Next day does not obligate you. » » » » business interests .... You have disturbed our bus­ another crowd rushed to the barber shop where No. iness interests by your course. . . . The man who is 1 Orator Bryan was being shaved, to tell him that he employed . . . attorney in a country town . . . mer­ was Democratic Candidate for U. S. President, to chant . . farmer . . . miners ... are as much business run on a strictly Bryan platform .... men as the few financial magnates who, in a back Cultivated Americans, impatient with cheap sensationalism and windy bias, turn increasingly to publications edited in the historical spirit. These publica- The W. H. Kistler Stationery Co., tions, fair-dealing, vigorously impartial , devote themselves to the public weal 1636 Champa Street, in the sense that they report what they see, serve no masters, fear no groups. Denver, Colorado. Please send me SPECIMEN SET of your personal (or business) engraved CHRISTMAS GREETING CARDS. m'T!fetkr5tat!oneri|# Na 'The Business Man's Department Store' TI ME DENVER Address- 1636 Champa Street The Weekly Newsmagazine Millions oF Welcome Home, Miners! Tiny Barriers say

RUST SHALL NOT PASS

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READING IRON COMPANY, Reading, Pennsylvania Atlanta - Baltimore • Cleveland - New York • Philadelphia Boston - Cincinnati • St. Louis - Chicago - New Orleans Homecoming Program Buffalo • Houston - Tulsa - Seattle • San Francisco Detroit - Pittsburgh • Los Angeles - Kansas City 1. Registration, Integral Club, Saturday morning. Saturday 2. Luncheon, Integral Club at 12:00 o'clock. 3. Parade to Field at 1:15 o'clock. October 4. Special events at Brooks Field. GENUINE PUDDLED WROUGHT IRON 5. Mines vs. Teachers, 2:00 o'clock. 25 6. Open house and Dinner at Fraternities, following game. DIAMETERS RANGING FROM Vfl JO 20 INCHES 7. "M" Club dance at Guggenheim Hall, 9:00 o'clock. Science and Invention Have Never Found a Satisfactory Substitute for Genuine Puddled Wrougiti Iron

When Patronizing Advertisers Please Mention Colorado School of Mines Magazine or MatMi River of Iron COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES

For half a century he has

been ^'rolling along^^at the^ cyWAGAZINE

C. R & I. Steel Works Copyrighted 1930 Twenty-five cents a copy Colorado School of Mines Alumni Association One dollar and a half a year Like a churning Amazon, white-hot No. 10 metal has been flowingfro m C. F. & I. VOL. XX OCTOBER, 1930 blast furnaces for nearly half a century. OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF Published evecy month in the year by the Colorado School LOCAL SECTIONS For fifty years, this iron has been EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE of Mines Alumni Association, Entered as second class matter COLORADO — Chas. O. Parker, transmuted into steel products that 1950-1931 at the postoffice at Golden, Colorado. Address all correspond­ President, J. E. Norman, Secretary. HUGH A. STEWART, '12, President ence, including, checks, drafts, and money orders, to Regular monthly luncheon at Audi­ ALLAN E. CRAIG, '14, Vice-President have made the name "COLORADO" C. Lorimer Colburn, Secretary, Colorado School of Mines Alumni torium Hotel, Denver, October 17 at C. LORIMER COLBURN, '07, Secretary noon. Association, C. A. Johnson Building, 509 Seventeenth Street. synonymous with quality in the minds HARVEY MATHEWS, '13, Treasurer Denver, Colorado. GREAT LAKES — A. L. Lynne, of mining men thruout the west. WILLIAM F, KOCH, 'II President, 100 North La Salle St,, GEORGE H. ROLL, '19 Chicago. Morton Frank, Secretary, There is scarcely a mine in the west­ WILLIAM P. SIMPSON, 'OI 4538 Drexel Ave., Chicago. HOUSTON—Albert G. Wolf, Presi­ ern half of the country that does not WAYS AND MEANS STAFF dent, Houston, Texas. Randolph K. COMMITTEE use COLORADO rails, bars or struc- Editor Tracy, Secretary-Treasurer, 1918 Mc- CHARLES M. RATH, '05, Chairman C. H. C. BRADEN Duflie Street, Houston, Texas. turais... scarcely a mining man who AXEL ANDERSON, '04 J. HARLAN JOHNSON, '23 Contributing Editor LEAD BELT—E. L. Bilheimer, '22, CARL A. BLAUROCK, '16 does not know thatThe Colorado Fuel P. C. DIXON, '31 Advertising Representative President, iRivecmines, Mo. C. D. THOMAS P. CAMPBELL, '24 Frobes, '24, Secretary, Rivermines, & Iron Company today is making as SHRIVE E. COLLINS, 'DI Mo. LuTHEii B. EAMES, '05 LOCAL SECTION CORRESPONDENTS MONTANA—Edward S. McGlone, reliable, high quality steel as any other THOMAS S. HARRISON, '08 '23, President, Anaconda Copper ERLE O. KISTLER, Hon. '29 JAMES W. BALDWIN, '21 Oklahoma Section Mining Co., Butte. H. M. Stroclc, steel manufacturer, anywhere. ALFRED E. PERKINS, 'IO COURTNAY BALLAGH, 'IO Southern California '22, Secretary-Treasurer, Leonard When you think of quality steel E. E. THUM, '06 New York Section Mine, Anaconda Copper Mining PUBLICATION COMMITTEE Company, Butte. HOWARD A. STORM, '29, Chairman products, think of COLORADO and MONTERREY —Fidel C. Martinez, HARVEY MATHEWS, '13 '13, President, Aptd. 347t Monterrey, consult our nearest district office. WARREN C. PROSSER, Ex-'oy N. L., Mexico; Pablo M. Sada, '29, ATHLETIC COMMITTEE Secretary-Treasurer, Aptd. loi, Mon­ WILLIAM B. MILLIKEN, '93, Chairman terrey, N, L,, Mexico. EDWARD S. MCGLONE, '23 CONTENTS NEVADA WHITE PINE—Walter FRED C. STEINHAUER, '99 S. Larsh, President. W. F. Jones., 8 lb. to 130 lb. Rails JAMES H. STEELE, '00 Secretary. Rail Fastenings RUSSELL H. VOLK, '26 NEW YORK—Harry J. Wolf, Presi­ dent, 42 Broadway, New York City, Structural Shapes INSTRUCTION COMMITTEE PAGE Frank A. Downes, Secretary, 247 Merchant Bars & Shapes TAPPING A BLAST FURNACE - an actual photograph BYRON B. BOATRIGHT, '22, Chairman Park Avenue, New York City. taken at the C. F. & I. steel works by Eugene Hutchinson. JOHN J. CORY, '05 Editorials ROCK SPRINGS-^James L. Libby, Furnace Bars J. HARLAN JOHNSON, '23 President, J. E. Edgeworth, 5e<:- Prexy's Letter Screen Bars ROBERT F. MCELVENNY, '03 retary. Rock Springs, Wyoming. GRAHAM R. MILLER, '24 Homecoming Set for Miners ^3 SAN FRANCISCO-Clyde M. Eye, Reinforcing Bars Colorado School of Mines' Curriculum Changes 15 President and Secretary, 1107 Ho- Grinding Rods NOMINATING COMMITTEE Juniors Take Short Trips bart Building. FRED C. CARSTARPHEN, 'O^, Chairman SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA—Ward Alumni Association Initiates Junior Members 17 Spikes, Bolts & Nails DONALD DYRENFORTH, '12 Blackburn, President, 1460 E. 4th Woven Wire Fence Colorado CHARLES A. SPICER, EX-'05 Mine and Smelter Fellowship 18 Street, Los Angeles. William F. Frank Reinhard Passes On . 18 Dugan, Secretary, 416 West 8th Made from Copper-bearing Steel CAPABILITY EXCHANGE Street, Los Angeles, Calif. Anomalies of Vertical Intensity 19 COMMITTEE OKLAHOMA—Cleveland O. Moss, STEEL PRODUCTS FRANK C. BOWMAN, 'OI, Chairman Cost of Magnetometet Surveying 24 '02, President, 424 So. Cheyenne St., JULIUS S. BRADFORD, '10, Fullerton, Principles of the Hydrometallurgy and Electrodeposition of Tulsa. William M. Gebo, '23, for the Mining Industry Calif. the Metals—VUI—Purification and Clarification 25 Secretary-Treasurer, 1630 So. Utica EARL L. BILHEIMER, '22, Bonne Terre, St., Tuisa. Soupcoff Dies Suddenly 29 Missouri, UTAH—W. F. Koch, President, 573 STEEL^DpUOTff JACK P. BONARDI, '21, New York City Former Trustee Dies 29 East Second South Street, Salt Lake FRANK E. BRIBER, '16, Denver, Colo. Fourth Field Conference, Kansas Geological Survey 30 City. Otto Herres, Secretary , W. VAL DECAMP, '08, Jerome, Aciz. Athletics 31 United States Fuel Co., Box 1699, HERBERT M. FAY, '13, Butte, Mont. Salt Lake City. ^COLORADO FUEL &IRON CO. Campus Topics 3^ OSCAR REYNOLDS, Ex-'o4, Sait Lake WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA— News from the Chapters 34 Pierce E. Barker, Secretary, Pitts­ General Offices: Continental Oil Building, Denver District Offices: Wichita Oklahoma City Amarillo Ft. Worth City, Utah GEORGE P. ROBINSON, '04, Monterrey, Alumni Letters 35 burgh, Pa. WYOMING—Thaddeus H. Andrews, El Paso San Francisco Los Angeles Spokane Salt Lake City Pordand Lincoln Pueblo Dodge City Mexico Personal Notes 3^ President, Midwest Refining Co., FRED C. SEALEY, '17, Houston, Texas Weddings 37 Midwest, Wyoming. S. L. Jeifers, LYNN W. STORM, '02, Austin, Texas Births 37 Secretary-Treasurer. HOWARD G. WASHBURN, '04, Wallace, When Patronizing Advertisers Please Mention Colorado School of Mines Magazine Idaho Index to Advertisers 39 10 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, xg^o II

Commend or Condemn $10.00 bills and we will get the Athletic Association on its feet and turn out a winning team yet. OMMENDATIONS and condemnations are —C, LORIMER COLBURN, Sec. idirom ent^ C equally gratefully received by your Secretary because either proves that the various appeals sent Sticking to the Job out from the Alumni office are not ignored. npHE Summer is over—The "Vacation Spirit" is Got a scorching letter the other da}^ from Lester here is a ietter in the mail from the Alumni Associa­ X in the slow process of giving way to the "steady A Prosperous Year Grant—J had addressed him giving him the title of tion wanting you to contribute to the C. S. M. Ath­ grind." In spite of the hot summer your Alumni "Doctor". You see he was formerly Dean at the npHE man who is looking for the agreeable usually letic Fund to help lift the School's Athletic Debt organization was on the job all the time. There was School of Mines and a little prejudiced about these J. finds it. The opposite is also true. The opening Ye Gods! work to be done that could not be postponed. Your engineers who run aroimd calling themselves "Doc­ of a new semester always presents its problems and Contact is made, but does the magneto respond? yVlumni Magazine came out regularly each month; tor". In most of my former letters I had addressed at the same time hopeful situations. In reviewing Perhaps it needs a little injection of that old Mines the Alumni Directory was published in September; him bluntly as "Dear Grant"; that has been my cus­ conditions at the Colorado School of Mines this fall Spirit. (Yes, but the baby may need new shoes.) your Capability Exchange kept up a continuous cam­ tom to call a man by his surname when I have a there are many things which foretell a profitable year. Try to make it if you can, Miners. Let's go. Con­ paign to find jobs for those who needed them. thousand or more letters to get out in a day. We have at the present time the largest enrollment tact ! We're off for better football seasons with the The duties of the Alumni staff are expanding all This title of "Doctor" was so unusual for our since the fall of 1924. This large number obtains ballast of debt cast overboard. the time. One not in close touch with this work former Dean that he read the letter carefully and in spite of the fact that more than a hundred students —R.P. FitsGerald/io. cannot fully appreciate the importance of a well discovered that I wanted him to donate a bond to the have been refused during the year because of deficient organized Alumni to the graduates of an institution. Athletic Association. He must have liked the title liig-h school credits. Almost every man who has attended the School of Corporations and Fellowships because he donated the bond. The strict standard of selection of students at Mines gets, sooner or later, some direct value from Mines indicates a sound condition. Men choosing the npHE Mine and Smelter Supply company has I had occasion recently to take a vacation and used the Alumni Association. This service in many in­ Colorado School of Mines do so only after considera­ X. established a thousand dollar fellowship in the period in trying to assist Bill}'^ Milliken in clean­ stances is given without his knowledge. tion of the requirements for their future profession. metallurgy at the Colorado School of Mines. This ing up the $T 0,000 of bonds issued by the Athletic There is no way of assessing this service according At the same time they evaluate very carefully the fellowship will stimulate greater effort on the part of Association against the grandstand at Brooks Field. to its service. An Alumni Association must be sup­ reputation of the school and other conditions neces­ young men following the metallurgical option. The first place I tried was Los Angeles. This ported by the patriotism of the graduates and the sary to make an ideal choice. It should result in research which will be of vital beautiful Southern California metropolis is noted friends of the college. It is a privilege to become a \Yith these conditions prevailing, we are confident interest to Colorado, and other mining sections everywhere for its millionaires so what a natural member of an Alumni Association. Every man who is that the School of Mines is beginning one of the most throughout the world. place to go to raise money. The Local Chapter there eligible owes it to himself and to his college to join and prosperous years of its history. This^ fellowship and the results of the research staged a great banquet at the University Club, but assist in its work. The greater the percentage of mem­ which it makes possible should prove a mutual bene­ had only arranged seats for 30 or 40. The Mines bers the greater will be the value of the Association. Contact fit to the donor and the School. It will bring more Men kept coming in so more tables had to be placed According- to the Alumni records during the past highly trained men into the Mine and Smelter organi­ to accommodate the crowd. And I was counting the year every dollar paid into the Alumni treasury by CCy^ONTACT!" Thus shouts the airplane pilot. zation; and it will provide an opportunity for stu­ noses for donations of $100.00 to $1,000 each. members of the Association has been worth three The propeller whirls, the engine roars, the dents to take greater advantage of the facilities for Finally it came time to call on the Secretary of the dollars in Alumni work. This is one organization plane moves, and he is off. The plane responded to research at the Colorado School of Mines. Parent Association and just then Bill Dugan handed that you can support during dull times as well as the pilot because the magneto made contact and The alumni and everyone connected with Mines me a copy of the announcement of the meeting which prosperous times, knowing full well that your loyalty worked properly. appreciates the progressive spirit of the Mine and stated that there would be no solicitation for funds. is paying big dividends to yourself and to your col­ In our daily Ufe we are always making contacts-—- Smelter Supply Company. My whole trip knocked into a cocked hat by one false lege associates. move on the part of the Chapter management! ! ! Contacts with our fellow-men, with things, and with Your vVlumni organization is sticking to the job events. During our school days in Golden, our Well, we got a few donations around the edges which all the time. —C. LORIMER COLBURN, Sec. main contacts were with the faculty, our fellow-stu­ Solve the Problems goes to prove that we would have had a very success­ dents, our course of study, and last, but not least, npHERE has been no time in the history of western ful trip if it had not been for the little slip in the "One for All, All for One" with Mines Spirit. When our school days were over J_ mining when the problems confronting it were announcemen t. we continued making contacts, then with the outside of greater importance. Silver is at its lowest ebb; Those boys in Los Angeles are all right—They npHE Capability Exchange is sponsored by the world, with the public, our employers, employees, or gold is in little better shape; copper prices are below have started the Southern California Fund for the X_ Alumni. Its purpose is to provide an employ­ clients. Do we still contact Mines Spirit? normal; lead and zinc are faced with many problems; Foundation. Now, if we don't watch out they will ment exchange personally interested in Mines men. In regard to kinds of human contacts, there are curtailed production is the rule of the day. be annexing Golden to Los Angeles. It offers two services: first to the Mines men out of three: friendly, neutral, or inimical contacts. The Colorado's mines are "dreams of a by-gone day" Then I visited San Francisco and C. M. Eye staged work, and second, to the Mines men who are capable last of these are often painful. The neutral contact unless something is done to better the situation. a hmcheon for me there at the Engineers Club. There of holding better positions than they now hold. is neither friendly nor inimical, but ma)^ become Utah, a silver state, finds her revenue from the mines were not so many present because he had not The Capabihty Exchange is now perfecting its either. The less said about it, the better. The friend­ diminishing; Nevada, New Mexico, California, the announced that there would be no solicitation of organization. That which is needed most is the ly contact is the kind that Mines men should always Coeur d'Alene—all—can stand a little more prosperity funds. It is funny how shy a fellow can be when record of every Mines man who wishes to contact make with each other. It is the only kind that pays in their mineral production. he wants to. Some of the fellows who attended the better positions. But a complete record file will avail well in the end. meeting made liberal donations to the Athletic Fund. nothing, if the Exchange does not learn of openings The mining industry, like all other industry, is con­ for its registrants. Friendship is a matter of give and take. If it de­ fronted with the necessity to meet changing funda­ The trip to California was enjoyable, but we mands all giving.-jwithout any receiving, it does not mental conditions; is obliged to meet new and differ­ haven't raised enough money yet to clean up the In this, the Alumni everywhere can cooperate with last long as friendship. ent competition; must find new uses for its minerals; Athletic bonds. Gee! I would like to see a couple the Capability committee by informing the Denver Bills, bills, bills. Not the government kind, either, and must find ways and means to develop and utilize of $1,000 checks come in, a few $500 donations and office of openings which occur in their particular but those calling contact with your pocketbook. Do its great bodies of low-grade materials. a whole fiock of $100 remittances. But times seem localities. Wire the information if necessary; it may you cheerfully meet them? And to top the climax. —Mining Congress Journal. to be hard for such liberality, so come on fellows, mean a promotion for a fellow member of the Mines swamp the Alumni office with $1.00, $5.00 and family. IZ The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ip^o ^3

Colorado School of Mines GOLDEN, COLORADO

October 14, 1930

OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

Mines Alumni, Throughout The World Dear Alumnus:

The Colorado School of Mines, your Alma Mater, extends a cordial invitation to you to attend the Homecoming October 25 set for seventh homecoming day celebration, October 25. Miners' return to A prosperous year for Mines seems evident. With Set for Miners over 500 students registered, we have the second larg­ H • • Golden • • • est enrollment in the history of the School. We may Homecoming day will be October 25 this year. It will take this as an indication of faith in the School of be the first time that the Mines' homecoming has fallen on Orediggers will play grudge Mines to train engineers. Come home October 25 and see an October date. The custom in the past has always called for yourself what a splendid group of young men we for an early Saturday in November. Thus homecoming • • game with Teachers • • have on the campus. day has often preceded the Magazine date of issue, making it necessary to rush the homecoming number in order that with the Alumni and were initiated into the fold, another it might reach the Alumni before the "big game" had been Mines athletic teams are steadily improving. Now banquet on October 25 would be superfluous, according to played. the committee's report. It was also stated that the Home­ that the Alumni have taken an active part in assisting Plans are already under way, and an interesting program coming banquet last year was not so successful because of the athletic department in overcoming one of its great­ is promised. Some pros and cons in regard to the elimina­ other activities planned for the same evening. The recom­ est obstacles, the debt on Brooks Field, more rapid tion of the banquet following the game have been voiced mendation is that something must be eliminated from the by those in charge of arrangements. At the time of this program of the day, and that the logical event to elimmate progress may be expected in the next year or two. The writing, no decision had been reached. There are well time is not far ahead when Mines will win the majority is the dinner, providing the fraternities are willing to take founded arguments on both sides. over the responsibility for the evening's merry makmg. of its conference football games. The various social organizations on the campus are Whatever conclusion is reached, the results will be anxious to entertain in honor of their Alumni who return printed in the program distributed at the School on the Hoping that 1 shall see you in Oolden October 25, for the homecoming occasion, but they have been influenced morning of October 25. The program appearing in this 1 remain. to curtail their plans in the past in order to avoid any con­ issue will leave this event optional. flict with the Alumni dinner. These organizations are more in a position to entertain because of their splendid EVENTS OF THE DAY Cordially yours. club houses with everything always in order for social The homecoming committee will consist of Frank C. activity. Bowman, '01; Frank E. Briber, '16; Carl Blaurock, '16; Some objection has been raised to the plan of letting the Robt. Higgins, '17; Donald Dyrenforth, '12; Fred C. several fraternities take care of the evening's entertain­ Steinhauer, '99; W. M. Traver. Jr., '16; and several ment. IVIany of the Old Grads went through school before members representing the School and student body. fraternities were established on the Mines campus, and Plans worked out up-to-date include the following: Alumni they are not affiliated with any group. A plan has been will gather, as usual, in the Integral Qub, first floor of proposed whereby all nonfraternity men will be invited to Gymnasium, Saturday morning. The register wiU be open MFC/FH attend the evening's merry making at some one of the club­ there, and every returning Grad is urged to sign it. houses, following the football game. It seems likely to be Tickets will be on sale Saturday morning at the place of adopted. registration. A section in the stadium is being reserved In view of the fact that the Colorado section on the nine­ for Mines men and their guests. In order to make sure of teenth of September held its annual banquet at Golden, getting seats in this reserved section all Alumni should at which time over a half hundred juniors and seniors met secure tickets before going to the gate at Brooks Field. The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ip^o

An informal luncheon, no toast master, no speeches, will The Miners have not forgotten this fluke, and they are The course in calculus has been extended to a four hour be in order at the Integral Club. Visitors will go to the seeking vengeance this year in the homecoming battle. It Colorado School of H ines' course instead of a three. While the results obtained in Club room without tickets and have luncheon, meet their will be a grudge fight, with plenty of rivalry to inject more calculus have always been excellent yet the department has friends, members of the faculty and others. This will be than enough excitement for one afternoon. been handicapped in the amount of time allotted to this a "Dutch" affair. Curriculum Changes Jhe "M" Club dance is scheduled for 9:00 in Guggen­ work. This difficulty is obviated by the new arrangement. Following luncheon, a parade will form behind the band heim hall. This dance, sponsored by the lettermen, has By J. R. MORGAN* Following the suggestion of President Coolbaugh the on Washington Ave. at 1 :15 o'clock. Students, Alumni and always proved a fitting close to the hectic homecoming pro­ committee approved the organization of a department of Mines fans will march to the field. Pregame events will mechanics, in which is included theoretical mechanics, gram. Alumni are cordially invited to attend. HE educational institution which meets the demands start immediately following the arrival of the parade at thermodynamics, hydraulics, vector analysis, and potential The traditional Polo battle between the Sigma Gamma's of modern education and modern industry must con­ the stadium. T functions. The courses in applied mechanics are now a part and the Theta Tau's will be staged between the halves. stantly keep in mind modifications of its courses of study. GAME PROMPTLY AT 2:00 of the civil engineering department and include graphic This Polo contest has provoked much humor in the past, Many basic courses, of necessity, must remain practically Several events will be staged before the kick-olf in the statics, resistance of materials, structural design and rein­ and this year's contest wiil be no exception. the same; but methods of presentation, even in these game with Coiorado Teachers College. First will be the forced concrete. Courses in applied thermodynamics such courses, change from time to time. annual interfraternity burro race. This has created much FRATS WILL DECORATE HOUSES as steam engineering and engineering thermodynamics are merriment in years past. Following the grand race will It is customary to dress up the campus for homecoming Coordination of the practical and theoretical^ must be now a part of the mechanical engineering department. come the parade of college bands. A special event is day. The fraternities compete for a cup in decorating constantly under consideration in order to maintain basical­ A sequence of courses has been agreed upon which es­ planned, the details of which are being held as a surprise, their houses and lawns. The prize went to Kappa Sigma ly sound relationships between the class room and the min­ tablishes a coordination and relationship heretofore im­ by the Blue Key fraternity, Mines' booster organization. last year. The competition was keen, with the Beta's, Sig ing camp, the petroleum field and the metallurgical plant. possible. Graphic statics and analytical mechanics are now Following this will be the flag raising ceremony, just before Alph's and Sigma Nu's all tied for second honors. All During the past five years, two complete revisions of given in the second semester of the sophomore year and the teams dash onto the field. fraternities will hold open house before the game, and the curricula at the Colorado School of Mines have been made. resistance of materials is given prior to the course in Promptly at 2:00 o'clock, the referee will blow his campus visitors are invited to drop in and visit at every In October of 1929, the curriculum committee began a machine design. Thermodynamics is now required for whistle and the game will be on. house. thorough investigation toward the constructive revision of graduation in all options and is offered during the junior MINES OUT FOR REVENGE OREDIGGER TO PUT OUT EXTRA all courses given. Regular meetings were held each week year. When the Miners went to Greeley last year they took The Oredigger, student weekly paper, will publish a until the latter part of April at which time the major part The value of economics as applied to all fields in tbe the game too lightly. Although they had the Teachers special edition to be distributed at the field. Stories of of the work was completed. mineral industry can not be overestimated. Recognizing subdued until the last quarter, the Greeleyites came from the various players will be featured along with pictures of Changes were made only after frequent conferences with this fact the committee introduced an additional course in behind to tie the score. Then, as many will remember, the the team and the individual players. The line-up will be the departments concerned. The courses at other technical industrial organization which is introductory to the two referee pulled that famous "final gun decision," giving printed in large type on the front page, so that the spec­ schools were studied carefully and compared with those courses in principles of economics required in the senior Teachers one more play after the game was supposedly end­ tators can use this paper as a program. No official program given at the School of Mines. Throughout its considera­ year. ed. On this play the Pedagogs dropped a kick over the other than this special extra of the Oredigger will be dis­ tion, the committee has attempted to evaluate all factors The courses in mining and petroleum have been revised, goal from their 30-yard line, winning the game by a 16 to tributed at the game. necessary to the coordination of courses in planning a well new courses added, and some combinations of old courses 13 score. (Continued on page 3S) balanced curriculum. made. Some of the major changes are, briefly, as follows: Illustrative of the close coordination between depart­ The faculty has felt for sometime past that the amount ments is the fact that two courses in the mining^ depart­ of work in the freshman year was too heavy. While the ment, mine gas and ventilation and Mining Operations, are number of failures were comparatively no greater than given by two professors in different departments. The those at other institutions of similar character yet the basic strictly mechanical engineering phases of the work are work was so important that the committee felt that more given by the mechanical engineering department and the time should be given for the assimilation of basic principles, mining department is responsible for those pertaining sole­ consequently the amount of work in the freshman year was ly to mining. The same condition obtains in the petroleum engineering reduced. This was accomplished by a re-arrangement of option where a course in fluid transfer is given in conjunc­ the courses in chemistry, geology, and English. The work tion with the mechanical engineering department. in none of these courses was weakened but thru the co­ A knowledge of the methods used in the smelting of lead, operation of the departments concerned the work was so zinc, and copper being necessary for the miner as well as arranged that the same results were obtained in a minimum for the metallurgist, the mining department requested that amount of time. the course in pyrometallurgy he required for students tak­ The old course in quantitative analysis had been out­ ing the mining option. lined especially for mining and metallurgical students. Cer­ The work now given in the English department is favor­ tain basic factors were adaptable to all options but for ably comparable to that given in any of the standard tech­ specific applications it did not meet the detailed require­ nical schools. Two semesters of composition work is re­ ments of the petroleum students. A new course has been quired for freshman, one semester of general types of litera­ arranged for petroleum men combining with the general ture for sophomores, technical exposition for one semester principles given, certain specific adaptations to the petro­ in the junior year and one semester of engineering English leum industry. The short course in physical chemistry has in the senior vear. been expanded into a two semester course and is required of While courses in French, Spanish, and German are all options except the Non Ferrous Metallurgy and offered, only the German is required. This course is a pre- petroleum refining. Those who choose these options are requisite for some of the courses in geophysics. In addition required to take a more extensive course. to the beginning course in German a year of scientific Ger­ man has been added to the curriculum. The subject of physics begins in the sophomore year and The courses in geophysics have been enlarged upon and continues for three semesters instead of two. This third new courses added. Much new apparatus has been added semester of physics is followed immediately by a course in to the department and both theoretical and practical work the electrical engineering department covering the funda­ is being given in magnetic, electrical, and radioactive pros­ mentals of electrical engineering. Two semesters of electri­ pecting as well as courses in torsion balance, seismograph cal engineering are required of all options with the excep­ and geothermo investigations. tion of geology. Alumni are invited to send for the new catalog and to

*Deaii, Colorado School of Mines. examine carefully the changes made in the curriculum. i6 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, iq^o

up shales. After passing through the fault and between Juniors Take Short Trips 2,300 ft. and 2,600 ft., water was encountered. The flow from this area is approximately 700 g.p.m., as indicated Alumni Association Mines Band Plays at Dinner In accordance with the change in the curriculum last by weir readings. At present, the face of the tunnel is in year, calling for the annual inspection trip in the senior highly altered silicified granite and though the tunnel is • • Max Ball Toastmaster H H year rather than in the junior year, the members of the not far enough advanced to be into the commercial ore zone, Initiates »- junior class in the mining and metallurgical options are the rock is well fractured and mineralized with Colorado Section Meeting scheduled to take several short trips this semester. These molybdenum. trips are planned for week ends, and will be excursions Junior Members B Annual Night « to plants near Golden. The long inspection trip for the REFINERS INSPECT FLORENCE UNIT mining and met students will come in the Spring as usual, Juniors in the petroleum refining option made their first and only seniors will take it. inspection trip of the year, September 26 and 27. They This year the trips will be three in number: September visited the Continental Oil Company refinery at Florence, Movement is Started 27, Climax Molybdenum company; October 18, the Eries Colorado. coal district; and the latter part of November, the Colorado This refinery, though one of the company's smallest and toClear Athletic Debt Fuel and Iron works at Pueblo. oldest units, furnished an excellent opportunity to study At Climax, the juniors made a study of one of the most the general methods of the oil refining industry. interesting methods of mining in the world. They were At the pump house the crude oil is pumped from storage Sixty-three students of the two upper classes shown the vast amount of work being done to develop the tanks into 500 barrel-capacity shell stills, where it is heated of the Colorado School of Mines were initiated 12,000 foot level which includes an entirely new plant with and the lighter portions vaporized. The hot vapors are as junior members into the Alumni Association the next to the largest ball mill in the world; crushers able piped through a series of fractionating columns and con­ September 19. The initiation ceremonies were to handle from 300 to 500 tons of ore per hour as compared densed where the separate fractions of straight run gasoline, held in conjunction with the regular annual meet­ with the present 1200 tons of ore per day, and the new kerosene and gas oil are obtained in liquid form. Vapors ing of the Colorado local section. from the tops of the fractionating columns are passed thru flotation unit which is to begin operation soon. They also Immediately following the initiation rites a visited the old plant. heat exchanges where part of their heat is transferred to the incoming crude from the storage tanks. banquet was held in tbe Armory dining room for The Professors in charge of this trip made careful plans the new members. Music for the occasion was for the instruction of the men. While in class during the The residue remaining in the crude stills is piped into a battery of 1000 barrel coking stills where under high tem­ furnished by the Mines' band under the direc­ week previous to the trip, the men were given lectures on tion of Professor A. E. Bellis. the peculiar method of mining, the flotation process and peratures it is reduced to a porous coke. During this Tbe feature of tbe night's program was the the geological structure of the Climax region. coking process more gas oil and some heavier oils are obtained. presentation to the athletic department of ten The new method of grouping the students under instruc­ one-hundred-dollar bonds held against Brooks tors and guides at the mines gave them a better opportunity All the gas oils are piped to the Burton cracking stills near-by which are owned and operated by the Standard Oil Field. The holders of these bonds voluntarily to grasp the details of the operations at Climax. cancelled them in response to a drive initiated by The men were grouped according to their option. The Company of Indiana. The product of these cracking stills which is known as pressure distillate, is again returned to the Alumni Association to liquidate the out­ Miners under Prof. J. Burns Read and M. I. Signer; the standing debt against Mines' athletics. Metallurgists under Prof. Irving A. Palmer and W. B. the refinery proper where gasoline is extracted from it. Jacobson. Some of the Senior Geologists and Metallur­ This cracked gasoline is washed and blended with the The bonds cancelled at this time were turned gists were grouped under Prof. W. P. Huleatt. Eighty straight run gasoline to form the commercial motor fuel. in by the following: President M. F. Cool­ students and professors made the trip. Other units of interest were the boiler room, the control baugh, two; William Woods of Golden, one; laboratory, the ethyl treating plant, and the compound J. E. Dennis of Golden, one; E. J. Yetter, of NEW CRUSHING PLANT building where heavy lubricants such as summer black oil Denver, one; Kistler Stationery company of Den­ and cylinder oils are made. ver, two; D. F. Blackmer company of Denver, A new crushing plant and additional development work two; and Daniels and Fisher of Denver, one. are the new features of the mine and mill which were ob­ The inspecting juniors reported that they were greatly served by the inspection group. The detailed description of impressed with the high degree of neatness and cleanliness Since the presentation of these bonds at the this work which follows is taken from the E. and M. J. in evidence around the plant and also by the courtesy and Alumni dinner, Professor Wilham P. Huleatt, of recent date: ability of the guides who conducted the tour. Professor Irving A. Palmer, Doctor F. M. Van "Construction of the new crushing plant has been prac­ Tuyl, Director Dave C. Johnston, and the O. tically completed. The 750-ton concrete coarse-ore bin is Geology Department Receives P. Bauer Confectionery company of Denver, finished, and the 60-48-in., all-steel Buchanan jaw crusher have turned their bonds back into the athletic has been erected and is ready to run. Both the 7-ft. association, making a total of fifteen hundred Fossils for Collection Entrance to Armory Hall viherc the Initiation and Banquet ivere stciijed. Symons cone crusher and the 5'/^-ft. Symons cone crusher dollars that has been retired from the ten thous­ During September the Geology Department of the have also been installed, and all that remains to be done and dollar debt. School received the following gifts to add to its collection: before putting the crushing plant into operation is the in­ Billy Milliken, '93, chairman of the athletic committee, described the work being done by the Capability Exchange A small collection of marine fossils from the Belnap stallation of a Ross feeder ahead of the jaw crusher and announced at the Alumni dinner that on homecoming day and the Foundation committee. jPresident Coolbaugh spoke limestone of Young county Texas. Collected and donated the completion of the conveyors and screens. The plant a large part of the debt now hanging over the athletic de­ briefly upon the relation of the Alumni to the School. by John H. Wilson, '23. will be ready for operation by Oct. 1. It will reduce ore partment, would be lifted. Mr. Milliken and his com­ Colonel Pettis commander of Fort Logan, guest oi the passing through 30-in. grizzlies to a 3-8 inch ball mill feed, T. A. Manhart, '30, presented a small collection of mittee have enlisted the aid of all the Mines Alumni mem­ evening, told the banqueteers "What the Array Thinks of and is expected to have a capacity of 2,500 tons per shift. Cretaceous fossils from Perry Park, Colorado. bers in this drive to remove the millstone which has hung Mines' Men." Lobo Guerrero, who attended Mines last year, gave the Phillipson tunnel, which is being driven 450 ft. below the so long round the neck of athletics at the School of Mines. The football situation was outlined by Coach George department his collection of ten specimens of Tertiary fos­ old workings, is now advanced to 2,750 ft. yet to go to meet Many of the Alumni are responding to the call sent out by Allen. The Coach was not optimistic but he ventured to sil fish and oysters from California. the immediate objective, which is the bottom of a transfer the athletic committee, and it is estimated that over $2,000 say that the 1930 team would be a better balanced one Mr. H. A. King presented nine specimens of fossils from raise from the upper , tunnel. The top of this raise is will have been raised by homecoming day. than the team which represented Mines in 1929. Oregon. These were from the OHgocene and Jurassic located near the portal of the upper White level. The The remainder of the program of the Colorado local Secretary C. L. Colburn, '07, after presenting the can- ages. section banquet called for several short talks. Charlie ceiled bonds to Dave Johnston, expressed his appreciation Mosquito fault was encountered in the tunnel at 2,230 ft. ^ «• and the broken zone extended to 2,290 ft. This fault is Parker, '23, president of the section, introduced Max W. for the cooperation of the various committees i_n_ making this meeting a success. He explained that the initiation of striking almost north and south and is dipping to the west Prof {in biology class) : But how can one check the Ball, '06, as toastmaster of the evening. Max made the undergraduate students into the Alumni Association as at 75 deg. West of the fault, between 6 and 8 ft. of gouge ravages of the potato bug without destroying the crop? shortest speech given, "Bring on the food." junior members fostered a better understanding. was encountered. It appeared to be composed of ground- Frosh : Can't you dynamite them ?-—State Lion, Hugh Stewart, '12, president of the parent organization, ig i8 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o Mine and Smelter Fellowship Frank Reinhard Passes On Anomalies of Vertical Intensity The Mine and Smelter Supplj' Companj' has provided a $1,000 fellowship at the Colorado School of Mines. This fellowship is to be awarded each j'ear to some Mines grad­ uate to enable him to pursue research in tbe field of metal- By GEORGE B. SOMERS, '3D lurgj'. The recipient will be a candidate for the master of Correlation of the Anomalies science degree. CHAPTER III of vertical intensity If the fellow performs satisfactorj' work during his year INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS IN THE UNITED STATES of graduate study, he will be o^^ered a position with the The correlation of regional geologic structures _ with of the earth's magnetic field Mine and Smelter company. The agreement providing magnetic anomalies has, for convenience, been considered for this fellowship is as follows: by states. These have been arranged alphabetically rather with the regional geology "Agreement between the Mine and Smelter Supply than by regions or districts in order to aid tbe reader in Company and the Colorado School of Mines relative to readily locating the territory in which he may be interested. of North America Research Fellowship in Metallurgy. In cases where structures are known to extend from one "The award shall be made to a graduate of the Colorado state into another the description of the anomaly will be ARIZONA'•' School of Mines. A member of the most recent class is found under both states. Fortunately, ray request to the preferred, although members of previous classes may be various State Geological Survej's or Universities, for their Relatively speaking, there were very few magnetic sta­ considered, provided no member of the recent class has the most recent structural data, met with splendid response in tions (about 40) for this state but in spite of this some proper qualifications. all but a few cases, and a large amount of valuable infor­ interesting results were obtained. The chief magnetic features are, "The award shall be made by the Colorado School of mation was thus obtained. Where no reply was received Mines upon the recommendation of the Metallurgical Fac­ the write ups were made from data available in the library (1) The large "low" area which occupies the central ulty and tbe President of the School with the concurrence and geological department of the Colorado School of part of the state. of the Mine and Smelter Supply Company. Mines. (2) The "high" in the center of the large "low" area. (3) The "high" in the eastern part. "The award is to be made on the basis of outstanding ALABAMA^* (4) The "low" in the southeast which extends into character, vigor, personality, good health, and metallurgi­ New Mexico. cal and mechanical ability. The northeastern part of Alabama is mountainous while (5) The "high" in the southwest. "The recipient of the award shall be required to pursue FRANK REINHARD, '05 the southern and western parts belong to the Gulf Coastal at least one regular school j'ear of advanced study in metal­ Plain. The forraer area consists chiefly of rocks of Pre- According to Mr. Wilson, the large "low" area in Cen­ tral Arizona corresponds closelj' with the known location lurgy at the School of Mines, becoming a candidate for an Frank Reinhard, member of tbe class of naught-five, Cambrian and Paleozoic age, the formations of the latter of "Mazatzal Land", a Pre-Cambrian nuclear mass. Slight advanced degree. He shall also undertake work of a died October 6 in a Denver hospital. Death followed an range from Cretaceous to Recent. discrepancies in the location of the "low" as compared with research nature in the metallurgical field on a subject to operation for appendicitis. His condition was reported Considering first the mountainous area of the northeast, the Mazatzal mass may be due to shortage of stations, be suggested by the Mine and Smelter Supply Company, favorable Sunday, and he was expected to recover. The it can be seen that the Pre-Cambrian portion in the east is errors from interpolating between such distant stations, and to be concurred in by tbe metallurgical faculty of tbe sudden change for the worse resulting in his death Monday chiefly "low" with a high area in the eastern part. An or to the fact that the exact outlines of this nuclear land School of Mines. night was unexpected. examination of the geologic map shows that these areas mass are not known. "The recipient, after completing his studies and investi­ Reinhard was prominent in Colorado business circles. represent different types of rocks but it is quite possible By comparing the station map with the geologic map of gations at the Colorado School of Mines under the aid of He was associated with the Equitable Life Insurance Com­ that the "low" part can be accounted for by considering Arizona it is noticeable that the "high" area in the north- this fellowship, shall give first consideration to employ­ pany, and maintained offices both in Golden and, Denver. the stations to be in valleys in the mountains. The Paleo­ central part is in a volcanic or basaltic area. This area ment with the Mine and Smelter Supply Company, pro­ He had been active for many years in Alumni and School zoic area in the north is chiefly "high". This may possibly represents three stations, and it is quite probable that tbe vided he is offered a place in that organization. affairs. His interest in Mines athletics was manifested in be due to the presence of the iron deposits which occur "high" is due to local polarity which is so frequently en­ "The Mine and Smelter Supply Company will pay the the many little services rendered to the coaches and the around Birmingham* or to magnetic sedimentary beds, countered in volcanic districts. Fellow $100 per month so long as he shall pursue his department of physical education at the School. although they consist of brown iron. It is to be noted that studies and investigations with vigor and handle his affairs in numerous instances in adjoining states the Paleozoic A similar explanation will account for the "high" in the in a businesslike manner, for not more than ten months, areas also appear as "highs" which indicates the Colorado eastern part of the state. It represents two stations, one but may in its discretion extend the period of such award John Has Served for 30 Years type of sedimentary effects, but which may be due to the near the northern end, and one at the southern. Both sta­ to any recipient. type of rock or proximity of the basement. tions are in areas of volcanic rocks, and are apparently "The Colorado School of Mines will give its regular This month John Ahlstrom completed his thirtieth year caused by local polarity. The continuation of the magnetic facilities for the advanced training of the recipient of this with the Colorado School of Mines. John is very proud In the northwestern, west central, southeastern and "highs" extends throughout the southwestern part of the award and will, within its financial possibilities and upon that he is the oldest man employed by the school and is southwestern parts are anticlinal structures which coincide state. Here too, the geologic map shows a considerable the consent of the Board of Trustees, furnish Such extra more active at 70 than many young men. well with magnetic "highs". The southwestern '*high^^ area covered by volcanic flows so that again the few sta­ facilities as are essential to carry on the investigations ef­ John came to this country from Sweden when he was referred to extends from a point just west of "L", to "B" tions located here may owe their "high" effect to local ficiently. The recipient wilLpay the same tuition and fees eight years old and arrived in Ralston creek in 1869. His of Alabama. The southern end of this "high" is a known polarity. and be subject to the same rules and regulations as other father moved to Golden and built a house at Eleventh and anticlinal structure while its northeastern trend indicates In the southeastern part there is a "low" which has been students of the School." Illinois streets in 1872. John has lived in this house prac­ an extension of this geologic high in that direction. connected by isonomalic lines to the "low" of western New The first holder of this fellowship is Kenneth Hickok, tically ever since. Because of poor health he did not go to The Coastal Plain Region here therefore, as in adjoin­ Mexico. The stations here were taken in granitic moun­ of the class of 1926. Since his graduation Hickok has school until he was eleven years old. Then he staj'ed only ing states, is of the Florida type and appears favorable for tainous areas which accounts for the "low" as described in been employed in South America. For two j'ears he worked a short time because he had to work. He did however magnetic prospecting. This is well brought out by the Chapter II. Whether these masses actually tie up with for the Cerro de Pasco Copper Corporation as shift boss learn the English language during his short time in school. fact that local structure rather than regional shows itself the New Mexico mass as shown is questionable, and may at their mill in Quilacocha, Peru. After that he was en­ In September 1899 John applied for a job with the so clearly on the isonomalic map although in_ general the be due entirely to the method of drawing the isonomalics. gineer on mine examinations for the Cajabamba Mining School of Mines. He was put to work in the assay labora­ increase in "low" areas toward the south indicates dip in There are no intermediate stations which would aid in and Milling Company of Lima, Peru. During that time tory which was then in the southwest corner of the present that direction. determining this point. The "low" area in the_ extreme southeastern part also seems to represent a granitic^ area. he traveled extensively through Peru. Later he became freshman chemistry laboratory. Guggenheim, Stratton i4_|oi,es Walter B. State Geolo^st. Personal Communication. general superintendent of properties operated by this same Hall, the power house, the present assay laboratory, the Jones, Walter B. Oil and Gas in Alabama. Special Report No. lb. The extreme "high" in between the two "lows" just GeoloBical Survey of Alabama. . „ ^ , ^ described is from a station at Tombstone. As this "high" company in the state of Ancash, Peru. gymnasium, have all been built since be has been working Smitli, Eugene A. Geology of Alabama. Special Report No, 14. Geo­ here. John is the oldest employee of the school, both in logical Survey of Alabama. Hickok is a member of Beta Theta Pi, Sigma Gamma Emmons, W. II. Geology of Petroleum, p. 361. , , , ^ , -Wilson, Eldrcd. State Geologist. Personal Communication Epsilon and Tau Beta Pi. While attending Mines he par­ years and in service. He can tell j'ou many stories of old *—In this connection see W, O. Hotchkiss: Magnetic Methods for Liploration Darton. N. II. Resume of Arizona Geology. Bui. 119. Arizona liureau and Geologic Work. Transactions A. I. M. E. (1923) p. 69-36. of Mines. ticipated in tennis, track and golf. times in Golden. 21 20 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, igjo represents only one station it cannot be used to represent and is undoubtedly due to local causes. One very peculiar or to a granitic mass which according to Dr. Blackwelder'^ ern Colorado the magnetic "highs" coincided positively regional structure. It is undoubtedly caused by some anomaly is noted here in the oil district around El Dorado. was intruded along the length of the valley into tbe highly with geologic highs, and it had been considered that this local disturbance whicb does not appear on the geologic This region appears as a "low". folded rocks forming tbe basement. condition reflected basement structure. The isonomalic map. The "low" in the central part which encloses the N S It was shown in the Chapter on Interpretation that map, however, made for this thesis showed the granitic and The "low" in western Arizona which extends into Cali­ of Arkansas is in a region of granitic intrusives, while the granitic masses did not give such high anomalies as those metamorphic areas to be negative, or in other words that fornia represents the results of so few stations that no at­ "high" just to the west is In a volcanic area, both conditions found in this area. It is, furthermore, extremely im­ in the mountains magnetic "lows" corresponded to geologic tempt is made at its interpretation. being normal (see Chapter II). The extreme high directly probable that intrusive basic rocks associated with the highs. This was the condition which required solution south of the N seems to have no geological significance granite would cause such anomalies from so great a depth, before further work could be done. It also appeared that ARKANSAS^'' although it represents several stations. it therefore appears to be much more probable that the although in general the magnetic effects over geologic struc­ The regional anomalies of Arkansas are not in general In the remainder of the Gulf Coastal Plain area of this "highs" are due at least to a considerable extent to the ture were positive here, that a buried ridge in the south­ so easily explained as those of many other states. Topo­ state the writer was unable to find either a local or regional magnetic effects of the sediments themselves, an increase eastern part gave negative results. graphically the state is divided into two main divisions of structure to compare with the anomalies shown. They un­ in thickness corresponding to an increase In intensity.* The final solution was brought about by running mag­ nearly equal size. The northwest half is mountainous and doubtedly reflect some geological subsurface condition with The sedimentary theory is further aided by three im­ netometer profiles from the mountains out into the plains comprises the Ozark uplift in the north, the Ouachita considerable accuracy if the rest of the Gulf Coastal Plain portant points. First, It was shown in Colorado that local country. These profiles showed clearly that although the mountain region to the west, and in between these two is any criterion. structures would 'be reflected positively by the magnetic mountains gave negative results, that at a short distance tbe Arkansas valley. Most of the rocks in this region It can be readily seen, however, from the above data intensity providing the magnetic bed has not been removed from them, less than a mile, the magnetic effects over the are Paleozoic sediments with only a few small areas of that the geological information from this source is too from over them. In such a case the anticline along the sedimentary rocks became positive. This indicated there­ igneous rocks, at most covering fifteen square miles in the meagre to be of use in tbe location of local structures. centerllne of the valley would register positively and thus fore, that the magnetic effects were not due to basement central part of the state. The southeastern part belongs to tend to increase the positive effects of the sediments. Sec­ conditions inasmuch as the composition of this rock probably the Gulf Coastal Plain, the exposed rocks here being Cre­ CALIFORNIA ond, many oil structures along the eastern slope of the remained the same, but to tbe effect of one or more of tbe taceous and Tertiary in age. The correlation of ~ tbe magnetic anomalies with the Coast Range In the western part of the valley give nega­ sedimentary beds. A complete resume of tbe solution of In the northwestern part a magnetic "high" is found regional geology in this state has been discussed by the tive results with a magnetometer. Here the magnetic sedi­ this problem has been given in Chapter II. in the area occupied by the Ozark plateau. Two "lows" writer in a previous article^'. Since that article was pub­ ment appears to have been removed by erosion. Third, The magnetic effects of the sedimentary deposits as noted in this region, which extends into Missouri, will be dis­ lished considerable new material has come to light so that any increase of Intensity due to an intrusion of igneous in eastern Colorado have been designated as the "Colorado cussed under that state. Just south of the plateau on the this description of the state will vary somewhat from the rocks into the basement structure would also be in agree­ Type" for convenience in describing and explaining similar west are the Boston Moun­ first article mentioned. ment with the facts. It might be added here that Dr. effects in different states to distinguish them from the tains, shown on the map by Briefly, the state can be Heiland'" reports that a certain geophysicist, whose name opposite effect, referred to as the "Florida Type". The a "low". The explanation divided into four zones or he has withheld, has reached the same conclusion from "Colorado Type" therefore, is one in which the vertical of this {see Chapter II) Erratta ' regions each of which will magnetometer work in California. intensity of the Earth's field increases with increase in the possibly is that the stations be discussed separately. The Sierra Nevada element with a few exceptions ap­ thickness of the sediments, or depth to basement rock. It Attention Is called to the following minor errors here were in valleys. Per­ These are: pears as a magnetic "low" area. There are so few stations appears to be due to the magnetic effects of sedimentary in the first installment of this series: haps, however, it is due to (1) the Coast Range though, in this region, that the isonomalic map is none too rocks rather than to those of the igneous or metamorphic The word "Position" in line 21, left column, page the erosion of a magnetic whicb is shown by a line reliable. Nevertheless, we find a "high" at the north end basement ones. Local geologic structures coincide posi­ 9, should read "Positive". sediment since these moun­ of magnetic "lows". of the range in a volcanic area, a normal effect. Another tively with the isonomalic lines unless the magnetic bed has tains are composed of 'Fhe word "issued" in line 6, left column, page 11, (2) the California V^al- "high" appears near the southern end of the range but this been eroded from above tbe structure, in which case there Paleozoic sedimentary should read "used". ley, characterized by a line only represents two stations one of which at least is In a will be a magnetic "low" over the structural high. rocks. This explanation The word "hundredths" in the seventh line from of "highs". volcanic area. The "low" parts are probably due to valley Another interesting point discovered in running the coincides best with the in­ bottom, left column, page 11, should read "hun­ effects described elsewhere. magnetometer profiles, and also described in Chapter II dredth." (3) the Sierra Nevada terpretation of the Arkansas The southern element in California cannot be explained was the fact that the negative effect of granitic and even The second sentence of the next to last paragraph, element, which with one or Valley. In Alabama, the satisfactorily. The desert portion is "low" but represents basic mountain masses was due to the fact that the mag­ right column, page 11, should read: "First, the two exceptions is a "low" Paleozoic area was a only two or three stations, hence Is without significance. netic stations had been taken in valleys. Had they been normal value of the vertical intensity . . . etc." area and "h i g h", the difference The mountainous portion along the coast is "low" in the taken on the ridges instead the results would have been being possibly due to the The word "position" in thirteenth line from the (4) Southern California, southern part but "high" from there to the point where the positive, a difference of 120 to 150 gamma having been character of the rock, bottom of left column, page 12, should read "posi­ including both the moun­ Sierra Nevada and Coast Ranges unite. There are so noted for each 1000 feet of elevation. The increase, how­ proximity of the basement, tive". tainous region along the few stations that no further explanation Is given. ever, was not enough to account for all of the strong posi­ etc. coast and the desert, or tive effects obtained over granite ridges and also discussed basin and range country COLORADO-" under Chapter II. When the mountainous area of this state was considered This valley, which lies between the Boston mountains on to the east. Topographically, Colorado can be divided into three together with the relatively few stations available it was the north and the Ouachita mountains on the south, is Considering first the Coast Range province we find this sections of nearly uniform width, each of which extends thought at first that little could be accomplished in the way represented by a "high" and hence appears to be of the to be composed of intrusive acidic rocks surmounted by from the northern to the southern boundary of tbe state. of correlation. On the contrary, it was found that prac­ Colorado type. If such is the case the positive anomalies sedimentaries of all ages. Tbe results here compare with The eastern zone is the plains country, the middle one is tically every anomaly could be explained, and in such a way are considered as due to the presence of magnetic sedi­ those of the mountain ranges of Colorado and is undoubted­ mountains, and the western one a plateau that slopes gently that many problems, which had arisen in the work on other mentary beds. According to tbe recent structural and geo­ ly due to the fact that the stations In this region were taken to tbe west. states, were solved here. Magnetometer work carried out logical map of Arkansas published by the Arkansas Geo­ in tbe valleys rather than on the ridges. As explained in In the north central part is a large "low" area which by Jaroslav A. Malkovsky, Instructor in Geophysics at the logical Survey in September 1929, there arc many minor Chapter II they are thus situated below the local magnetic corresponds very closely with the old nuclear granitic land Colorado School of Mines, in the eastern part of the state folds in this valley. It is possible therefore, that the two poles and hence appear negative. mass described by Dr. Lovering-' of the United States indicated at first that the results obtained from United "lows", each due to one station, which appear above the Contrary to this, the California Valley element which States Coast and Geodetic Survey data might be of little Geological Survey. _ A R K of Arkansas are caused by these locai structural is a downwarp or geosyncline'"'^ lying between the Coast value in correlation with regional structure. However, a Just below the O L O of Colorado is an extreme "high effects and that the area is not of the Colorado type. From Range and the Sierra Nevadas, gives positive magnetic close comparison of the two sets of results, together with which Is In a basaltic area. The southwest corner of this all indications, however, magnetometer results in this area anomalies. It thus appears to be the Colorado type of additional field work near the mountains, solved the prob­ "high" represents one station only. If, as would be just would be positive with respect to geologic structure. valley In which the positive results are possibly due to the lem with the result that this state is considered as one of as possible, the "low" enclosing CO were connected with The Ouachita Mountain region, Athens plateau and sedimentary strata. It was previously considered by the the key states upon which this thesis is based. the "low" south of the extreme "high" south of L, this enlarged "low" would outline the Uncorapadre nuclear southwestern part of the state are represented by a "low" writer that this positive anomaly in the center of the It had been known for some time that in general in east- which again indicates that the stations were taken in valleys, valley was due either to the uplift reported by Dr. Heiland mass. The "highs" would still be in basaltic areas, and the i«„Blackwelder. Eliot "United States of North America" p. 185. isonomalics just as correctly drawn. Another station m or else, possibly, that a magnetic bed has been eroded. The * Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, Geophysical Methods of Prospecting, one "high" in this area is from the station at Murfreesboro —Somers, George B. Anomalies of Vertical TnlensiLy Compared wilh Regional March, 1929 by C. A. Heiland, p. 56—concerning abnormal polarity. tbe disputed area would be necessary to settle this question Geology for the Sute of Caiifornia. Colorado School ol Mines Magazine. —Oral communiealion. definitely. IS—Rranner, George C. Stale Geologist, Personal commnnication. Sept. 1929. 211 Lovering, T. S. United Slates Geological Survey. Oral communication. Johnson, J. Harlan Professor of Geology. Colorado School of Mines. Branner, George C. On Outline of the Physioal Features of Arkansas. —Heiland, C. A. Oral communication. Says that torsion balance and ai_Lo>,ering, T. S. The Front Range (in press) Colorado Sci. Soc. Arkansas Geological Survey 1927. seismic surveys shoiv an uplifl. Oral communication. for October, ig^o zz The C. S. M. Magazine

tures in formations other than, probably above, and not Although exact data cannot be obtained at present to cor­ In the northwest corner is a "low" which extends into with Post-Cambrian intrusive granite. The third zone strictly conformable with, the Ocala limestone; fifth, local relate or disprove the explanation offered It will be con­ includes undivided metamorphic Paleozoic rocks and also Utah and marks the Uinta IVlountain uplift. Between polarity in the basement rock. tinued until a better one is introduced, since it also seems to this "low", the Uncompadre "low" and the north central Post-Cambrian intrusive granite, while the fourth zone, In a general way, a description of the structure map of fit the structural conditions found in other states in the "low" is a "high" which extends into Utah. This is drawn which extends Into Rhode Island consists chiefly of un­ Florida is as follows, based of course on the top of the Gulf Coastal Plain. Inasmuch as It was first worked out from only five stations including one in Utah. The area differentiated Pre-Carabrian gneisses. Ocala limestone. The chief high point, given as 0 to for Florida these magnetic conditions have been referred covered is a plateau of Mesozoic and Tertiary formations, Apparently the basement rock is predominately negative 100 feet (see level datum plane) extends in a northwest- to elsewhere as the Florida type. They can be summarized some of which are volcanic. The "high" Is apparently in magnetic character. A thorough search of all available southeast direction from longitude 83° W, latitude 30° 25' as follows. In the Florida Type the regional magnetic due to the positive magnetic eifect of basalt. maps failed to reveal any reason for the five positive areas N to longitude 82°W, latitude 28° 25'N. In width it effects appear to be due chiefly to the basement rock or to a The San Juan country in southwestern Colorado is mentioned above. They apparently are due to local extends from the western coast, northeastward to the cen­ sedimentary bed close to, and conformable with the base­ shown by a series of "highs" and "lows". This is account­ polarity at those particular stations. There was no oppor­ ter line of the state. From this high point the limestone ment. Magnetic results therefore indicate regional struc­ ed for by the presence or absence of basalt flows. tunity to check the effect of any glacial till which may be dips regularly to the south to below 1000 feet, to the east ture positively or definitely i.e. a magnetic "high" over a The Sangre de Cristo mountains on the south central present, but judging Its results in neighboring states leads to 100 feet, to the northeast to below 500 feet, and to the structural high etc. Local anomalies due to local structures, border are also shown by a "low" and represent a granitic to the conclusion that it is magnetically neutral. west to below 500 feet. There is another rise also along and caused possibly by more or less weakly magnetic sedi­ structural high. There Is also an extensive "low" in the the Georgia-Florida boundary near to, and extending into ments near the surface, will appear superimposed on the northeast corner the reason for which is unknown. DELAWARE Alabama, where the structure contour line again reaches regional magnetic results, and usually coincide positively As discussed in Chapter two the high granitic nuclear Magnetically, this state can be divided into three groups with structure. They might be negative providing the as follows: sea level near Jackson, and rises to 100 feet above sea level masses all give negative results and this regardless of their just west of the junction of Alabama, Georgia and Florida. magnetic bed had been removed from the top of an anti­ age. It is also shown that basaltic lava flows here give (1) a "high" area in the northern portion. clinal structure. Comparing the structure map with tbe geological one we extreme "highs" which are undoubtedly due to local (2) a "low" area in the central part, and find the following. Marked by the letter R of Florida is To the east and northeast of R of Florida, the magnetic polarity. (3) a "high" in the south. results are "low" and check the regional structure or dip. No information being available from Delaware itself a strong magnetic "high" which is slightly east of, but Considering now the eastern part of the state where closely compares with, the structural high. South of this Near the O is found a magnetic "high". The extreme the writer believes the magnetic effect to be due probably as there is no State survey, a careful search of the literature "high" is for the station at Tallahassee and may be due of the United States Geological Survey was made but area the state is predominately "low". There are four to Mesozoic rocks, we find in the central part a large "highs" here which represent nine stations, four of these to any one of many local causes. The "high" lying at O "high". The central and eastern part of this represent the without results as far as the southern half of the state is at the northern end of the structural high, but this does was concerned. being in the southern "high" on the west coast. Just Fort Morgan anticlinal structure, and from the location what causes these four "highs" in an area that should be not seem to account for it. Its cause is unknown. of stations might also have been drawn separately from the The northern part of Delaware consists chiefly of gab­ bros which seems to account for the "high" found in that "low" the writer does not know, but the following explana­ "Local structure" seems to fit nicely the "high" at L, Western part of the "high". It is also known that the tion is offered as a possibility. while at F the normal regional "low" is again encountered. Berthoud structure is positive. region. In the central portion Tertiary sedimentaries are In the southeastern corner is a "low" over a known found which dip in general to the southeast. Many water By checking against the state structure map it will be granite ridge, and it is here that the Fountain or Pennsyl­ wells have been drilled here but none are reported as reach­ observed that at three of these "highs", the one at Miami vlore Data on Gas Lifts vanian formation outcrops. The Mesozoic formations stop ing basement rock since a plentiful water supply is found being the exception, wells have been drilled for oil. This just north of this point. Here can be observed the nega­ within three hundred feet of the surface. The conditions would indicate that the wells, unless pure wildcats, were In the California oil fields, the most valuable function tive effects where magnetic sedimentary formations are resemble those of the Florida type of sedimentaries (Chap­ drilled on local structure, not necessarily in the Ocala lime­ of the gas lift is to bridge the gap of inefficient production absent. ter II), the low being accounted for by the increasing depth stone but probably aibove it, which do not appear on the which exists usually between the time that natural flow m It can he observed that in general the Denver Basin is to the basement rocks. structure map. Thus these local "highs" may possibly be wells is no longer efficient and the time when production is magnetically "high". This appears to be partly due at It seems impossible to give any explanation for the on local structures and thus produce the anomalous regional still too large to be handled by plunger pumps. This con­ least to magnetic sediments and partly to local structure of southern "high" since the same type of rocks as they pass results. This same explanation will also check with similar clusion follows comprehensive experimental investigations those sediments. It is also close to the old nuclear masses southward into Maryland are "low" magnetically. It may anomalies in the western part of the state. and field operations made by production engineers and and the logical point for the deposition of magnetite. be due to local structure, a buried ridge, local concentra­ Mr. Gunter was asked for information regarding such operators. The data collected should be an aid to the tion of magnetite or other causes. structures, and part of his reply is quoted: further development of the gas-lift method. They are CONNECTICUT-^ "So far as the geologic work in connection with most of published in full in a bulletin. Gas Lift Method of Flowing The following quotation Is an extract from a letter from FLORIDA^ ^ the wells drilled in Florida, and particularly so of the Wells, by H. C. Miller*. Much data on actual gas-hft Professor Flint which I received in reply to a request for The structure contour map of Florida is based on the southern portion of peninsular Florida Is concerned, I do operations are given and theoretical hypotheses and con­ information sent to the State Geological Survey: top of the Ocala limestone. This map gives only a general not place any value upon the work said to have been done clusions are supported wherever possible by field data ac­ "I am afraid you will be unable to secure any reliable idea of the major structural features since It is based on by the so-called geologists who take credit for locating such quired by consultation with engineers and operators. data from Connecticut. The geology of the state is ex­ insufficient data for great detail. It undoubtedly follows test wells. I feel that the men responsible for the work Mr. Miller In his study found that fundamental data tremely complex, not well worked out, and magnetic ob­ the regional structure, though, much more closely than is said to have been performed are not prepared for such concerning the operation of the gas lift are meager; that servations are exceedingly few. If you will examine a possible with the magnetic data available. The comparison tasks. While it is true that we have recorded small anti­ little is known about tbe velocities and resistances to flow geologic map of Connecticut, you will realize that your of the two is interesting, and apparently shows that the clines and folds In the Caloosahatchee and later formations of oil and gas in vertical pipes, about the design of tubes search here is hopeless." magnetometer could be successfully used in this state, as exposed along tbe upper Caloosahatchee river in southern best adapted to the upward flow of gas and oil where the A careful study of both the geologic and isonomalic maps Mr. Gunter also reported a well in central Florida Florida, we do not feel that such structures necessarily gas is expanding constantly, and about the rate of expan­ appears to confirm his opinion. Considering first the iso­ which passed through the sedimentaries, and into metamor­ bear any relation to structures in the deeper lying forma­ sion of gas in the eductor tube. Although a knowledge of nomalic map it is readily seen that the state is magnetically phic rocks at a depth of 4250 feet. This is an interesting tions. Personally I think they do not." these and other data of a fundamental character_ are neces­ "low" although "highs" appear at each of the four corners, point inasmuch as first, the sedimentaries in Florida appear "That there may be local structures superimposed on sary in designing, installing, and operating gas-lift systems and also at one point near the center of the eastern to be chiefly limestone, and hence prohably largely non­ those of a regional extent is of course a very plausible sup­ efficiently, until such data are available, experience and the boundary. The state geological map was so complex that magnetic; second, the structure and isonomalic maps do position. We have tried to obtain cuttings from water ability to interpret correctly well records and underground it was thought better to get the geology roughly from the not exactly coincide, a feature which may possibly be ex­ wells, and also those wells drilled as tests for oil in every conditions will remain the governing factors in making gas- government map"^''^. This map divides the state into four plained in several ways. Some of the possible explanations section of the State. We have been more or less successful lift installations. offered for the off-setting and irregularities of the isonoma­ zones which extend from north to south. The three and by this means have obtained at least a regional view of In spite of the fact that the technique of the gas-lift is western zones are approximately equal in size, while the lic map are these; first, the basement structure and Ocala structure in Florida. Unfortunately we lack samples from limestone may not be conformable; second, the magnetic still underdeveloped with many fundamental data lacking, fourth Is smaller and is found chiefly in Rhode Island. southern Florida and our information from that region is production engineers in Cahfornia have secured results They will be described in order from west to east. effects coming from depths down to 4000 feet may be off­ very meager. Such information as we have however, makes set slightly as frequently happens; third, errors arising that justify continued use of the gas lift wherever condi­ The western zone consists of undifferentiated Pre-Cam­ us reasonably sure that so far as the Eocene limestones are tions are suitable for its application. It is an axiom that brian gneisses, Paleozoic sediments from Cambrian to from drawing isonomalic lines by interpolation may have concerned there is a monoclinal dip to the limestone. All caused irregularities; fourth, local anomalies due to struc- each well is a separate problem which requires individual Beekmantown and Post-Cambrian granites. The second the information that we have obtained from water wells study and experimentation to attain maximum lifting zone comprises the Newark group of continental deposits —Gnnter, Ilcrnian. State Geologist, Person.il communication. leads to this conclusion. However, as just suggested, it efficiency. Mossnn, Stuart. A Review of the Structure and Stratigraphy of Florida, may be that with more detailed data minor structures will tlint, Richard Foster. Asst. Prof. Geol. Yale University. Personal 17th Annual Report of the Florida Geological Survey, pp. 169-368, 1926. comnmnication. Mosson, Stuart and C. Wythe Cook. Geology of Florida. 20th Annual become apparent." "United States Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 323, —United States Geological Survey P. P. No. 71. Report of the Florida Geological Survey, pp. 29-238, 1929. 2-4 Th C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o 2;

Cost of Magnetometer Case Number 3: Location ...Southwestern Texas Principles of the Hydro-metallurgy and Surveying Time of survey 15 days Number of stations...... 200 By DART WANTLAND* Expenses: Electrodeposition of the Metals The following report on the cost of magnetometer sur- Personal $ 50 vejdng was made to the class in geophysics 401 at the Colo­ Salary 100 rado School of Mines. This report was submitted Sep­ Auto 20 Vlll. Purification and Clarification tember 18, 1930, and received the highest grade. Those Auto depreciation 37 making the report are M. A. Tibbetts, F. S. Wiebelt, and Instrument depreciation 13 By THOMAS P. CAMPBELL* George Welch. {By way of explanation, geophysics 401 is the course in "Review of Geophysical Methods.") Total cost ..:$220 As noted several times before, there is no such thing in form as possible, since the greater the degree of subdivision The report follows: Cost per station $ 1,10 practice as an absolutely selective solvent. In the hydro- the greater the ratio of surface to mass. Third, some sort Cost per day 14.70 metallurgical treatment of ores and concentrates, therefore, of agitation should be supplied in order to remove the Factors to Be Considered the solution coming from the leaching and separation divi­ "cement" metal deposited on the surface of the reducing Weather, personal, topography, transportation, location Cost per month 440.00 Case Number 4: sions invariably contains one or more impurities which metal. For example, in removing copper from solution by in respect to section corners, lost time, depreciation of car would interfere with, or make impossible, the recovery of Location..... Texas {Panhandle) "precipitation on iron", part or all of tbe iron surface may and instrument, and salarj'. the main metal. become blanketed and rendered inert by the deposited cop­ Of these factors the personal factor is by far the most Number of stations 1200 Area.. 7200 square miles In general, such impurities maj' be in true solution or in per; hence the copper-bearing solution should be circulated •important one in a discussion of real cost; that is, cost suspension, as colloids or neo-colloids. In either event, they past the iron at a fairly rapid rate, or the iron surface measured in quality of work done. Time of survey 3 months Expenses: must be removed; the solution going to the metal precipita­ should be scraped or shaken, to remove the film of "cement Data Personal $ 225 tion step should be as pure and as clear as economically copper". The following data were furnished by a reputable oii Auto 150 possible. The problem of, purification of leach solutions Finally, in dealing with replacement reactions in general, company as a favor to the committee making this report. Auto depreciation _. 225 involves, then, not onlj' the elimination of impurities by the tendency for any metal to be oxidized by one above it It is accurate within 5 per cent. Instrument depreciation 75 chemical means, but also by physical means,—as by filtra­ in the series is a function of the metal ion concentrations Cost of magnetometer surveying in search for petroleum. Salary 600 tion. In dealing with metals, as with plants and animals, in the solution,-—or of the "ion activities". The actual Case Number 1: Miscellaneous 25 it is well to remember that the product is no better than the potential of any metal toward a solution containing its ion Location California parent stock,—and usually is much worse. varies with the concentration of that ion according to a Time of Survey _ _..3 months Total cost $1300 From the considerations developed in the chapter on logarithmic function. The values of potential given in the Area covered -- - 10,000 square miles Cost per station _ $ 1.10 leaching, and with particular reference to tbe e.m.f. series e,m.f. series are assumed to be those displayed by the metal Number of stations _._ 1500 Cost per day _ 14.45 of the elements, it is apparent that the lower (more noble) in contact with a solution which is molal with respect to the Expenses: Cost per month 433.00 the metal in the series, the fewer the elements that can pre­ metal ion,—that is, a solution which contains one gram- Car $ 225 cipitate it from solution. This is just another way of say­ mole of the metal ion in 1000 gm. of water. This value Car depreciation _ 225, This case may he compared with Case 1, Personal ex­ ing that it is easier to get pure gold than copper from solu­ is called the "standard single potential" of the metal. The Instrument depreciation 75 penses are less but cost per station is the same. The chief tion ; and by the same token, copper precipitation is rela­ variation of the actual potential with ionic strength is then Personal expenses 525 geologist states that the quality of work in' Case 4 was tively simple as compared to zinc precipitation. given by the relation much lower than the quality of Case 1. So the real cost Salary 600 The simplest case of purification, then, is that of metal RT which can not be expressed in dollars per station is much Miscellaneous 25 replacement. For example, a neutral zinc solution contains E=Eo4--log«(M^) higher in Case 4 than in Case 1. It is noteworthy in con­ cadmium and copper; it is impossible to deposit zinc from nF Total cost ...... $1675 sidering Cases 1, 3 and 4 that the cost per station is $1.10 sulfate solution in the presence of even very small amounts Cost per station $ 1.10 despite the difference in location and operators. It appears where E is the observed potential, Eo the "standard single of these metals; hence it is common practice to treat the Cost per day 18.60 that under favorable conditions magnetometer work costs potential" at the absolute temperature T, R is the gas con­ impure zinc solution with an excess of zinc dust to replace Cost per month 550.80 this company about one dollar per station. As the con­ stant, n the valence of the metal ion, and F the value of the the Cd and Cu,— The work on this job is considered first class. The effect ditions grow more unfavorable however, the cost mounts Faraday (about 96,500 coulombs). The derivation and of good weather and roads is evident. rapidly. The company states, without publishing figures, Cd(or Cu)SO^-fZn = Cd(orCu)-fZnSO,, full significance of this equation will not be taken up now; Case Number 2: that work in East Texas and Louisiana cost about two to As pointed out before, sucb reactions must be regarded as for the present it is sufficient to point out once more that Location ....Western Canada three dollars a station, the increasing cost being due to bad involving an oxid'ation of the zinc at the expense of the chemical reactions are essentially energy changes, that Time of survey 1 month plus 20 days driving time roads and necessity of using motor boats. less electronegative metal: the zinc metal thus acts as a energy, like water, tends to flow from points of high pres­ Number of stations ..100 reducing agent; and therefore such reactions should be sure to points of low pressure, and that the potential given Estimate for Cost of a Magnetometer Survey. Expenses: carried out under reducing conditions. by the above equation is proportional to tbe energy liberated when one gram-mole of the metal Is oxidized to one gram- Personal .$ 300 Relatively ideal conditions—level country good roads. It should also be pointed out that there are other essential mole of its ion in solution of concentration (M"^). Car 300 Location—N. E. Colorado. conditions which may and do influence the course and end- Car depreciation ;. _ 125 Time of survey—-2 months. point of such reactions. First, the reducing metal must For example, in the replacement of copper by zinc, as Instrument depreciation 41 Number of stations—approximately 25 per day when work­ form a soluble compound with the anion of the metal to be shown above {Ch. II), the total potential of the reaction Salary 333 ing. replaced. Thus, in ammoniacal solution iron cannot re­ Cu""-f-Zn=Zn^^+Cu Miscellaneous 20 Lost time—6 days on account of storms, transportation, place copper, since iron does not form a soluble ammonia for molal solutions Is the difference of the two metal single instrument adjustment. complex salt; that is potentials— Total cost $1119 Expenses; Cu(NH,),SO,+Fe=Fe(NH,),SO,+Cu Cost per station $11.19 Salary—$150 and expenses $ 5.00 per day E=Ea,^Eza =0.3448—(—0.7581) since any Fe that might get into solution simply forms Cost per day 22.38 Hotel 2.50 per day E=:1.1029 volts at 25°C. Case Number 2 may be taken as an extraordinary exam­ Meals 2.50 per day Fe(OH)2 or Fe(OH).,. Second, the reducing metal must Now if the copper Ion concentration in solution Is less than ple of the effect of the seasonal factor on magnetometer Car—150 miles per day at 7 cents be kept in excess in the solid phase, especially when it is 1-molal, then the actual copper single potential must be less work. The work was done in a northern latitude in a mile 10.30 per day desired to remove very small amounts of the more electro­ than 0.3448 volt, since the logarithm •, term in the above October. The roads were muddy, there were also many Miscellaneous 2.00 per day positive metal. This follows from the fact that these re­ equation becomes negative for values of (Cu"^) less than 1. storms and the auto was in bad condition. The operator placement reactions take place at tbe surface of tbe reducing Hence, the lower the copper concentration, the lower its reported that much trouble was experienced with the in­ Total cost 22.30 per day metal: hence'the more surface exposed, the faster and the potential, and the less energy is available from the reaction. strument due to 'freezing'. (The balance froze to the Cost per station {600} 1.11 more complete the reaction. From this it also follows that In fact, for very low values of {Cu""""), the value of Ecw springs above it and could not be readily released.) Cost per day 22.30 the reducing metal should be added in as finely divided a becomes negative,—that is, as the copper concentration *TnstriJctor in Geophysics al ihe Colorado School oi Mines. Cost per month 669.00 •Associate Professor of Metallurgy, Colorado School of Mines. drops, the tendency for Cu to go back into solution in- 26 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ip^o ^7 creases. And if this is true for copper, how much greater The exact nature and raison d'etre of and for adsorption to methyl-orange. This precipitates Fe(OH)3; and this, In the second classification, we find: must be that resolution tendency in the case of a metal liice are not at all well understood; but this much we can assert: in turn, frees the solution of As, and Sb. 1. Vacuum filters, Cd? The answer, in the quaint parlance of the day, is, that adsorption is a surface effect; and as such, the adsorp- The solution is again settled, and to the overflow is a. Continuous, "and how!" tlve capacity of a given solid must necessarily be a function added sodium chromate in excess. This oxidizes the b. Intermittent ; These considerations also show, in at least a qualitative of the surface exposed. Further, for any given system, at thallium to Tl2(S04)3 which is unstable In neutral solu­ 2. Pressure filters, way, why some metals, and other impurities, cannot be re­ constant temperature, we may utilize the following relation tion, and hydroiizes to form Tl(OH)3 and probably some a. Stationary, moved by simple replacement. That ubiquitous element, as a first approximation: basic thallium sulfate. The excess chromate is then reduced h. Centrifugal. iron, is particularly troublesome; also there are other poly­ with NaHSO;, to chromic sulfate; and finally the solution (x/m)"=kc, From the hydrometallurgical standpoint, the first classi­ valent, amphoteric, elements which can exist either as is filtered preparatory to electrolysis. where x is the amount adsorbed by m units of the solid ad­ fication is the more satisfactory; and within this, the types anions or cations, depending upon the pH of the solution. CLARIFICATION sorbing agent, c is the concentration of the solution, and n most usually encountered are the first two. It is not neces­ The removal of these "diplomats" may be effected in sev­ As mentioned in the chapter on washing and settling, In is not necessarily an integer, though experimentally never sary here to go into the details of construction and opera­ eral ways. Each case is more or less of a law unto itself; handling solutions of electrolytes. It is usually impossible to less than unity.'*" This equation is known as the "adsorp­ tion of the various mechanisms employed, since these may but a few examples may be cited. obtain a clear settler overflow. Furthermore, clean, pure tion isotherm", or sometimes as "Blitz's Equation"^^. be found completely described, with data on ratings, per­ In the extraction of copper from low-grade oxide ores, metal deposits pannot be obtained from murky, foul electro­ The adsorption of arsenic acid by charcoal, albumin, and formance, etc., in various handbooks and texts on ore dress­ dilute sulfuric acid is the common solvent; but in some of lytes. All solid particles, whether of true colloidal dimen­ the hydrous oxides of aluminum and iron have been studied ing, etc.^" the ores there are native chlorides which get into solution. sions or larger, tend to migrate with the electric current: quantitatively by Lockemann and Paucke^'^; and the appli­ In general, it should be noted that, regardless of how the The presence of Cl" ion causes rapid deterioration of the the actual charge displayed by the particle of a given sub­ cation of this general method of purification, especially as driving force is applied, the separation of solids from liquids uisoluble anodes in the electrolytic tanks. To keep the stance depends upon the nature of that substance and, to a applied to the elimination of arsenic and antimony, has been by a filtering medium may be effected In either one or all of Cl" concentration at a minimum, the leach solutions are certain extent at least, upon the medium In which it exists.^'' discussed hy Tainton and Leyson^-, in connection with the three ways: First, the size of the channels or pores through treated with cement copper; this leads to the formation of Every solid tends to adsorb a film or layer of liquid to Its precipitation of ferric hydroxide from zinc sulfate solutions. the medium may be smaller than the size of the particles CuCl which is insoluble, and may be separated along with surface; this adsorption may be either "positive" (adsorp­ to be retained, and thus only the fluid can pass through; the excess Cu. The essential points to be kept in mind in any considera­ tion of a solute constituent) or "negative" (adsorption of Second, the channels may he larger than the particles, but Iron also causes trouble in the electrolysis of copper solu­ tion of purification by adsorption are, first, that the adsorp- a solvent constituent) ; hence tbe potential of the particle be of such a character that the solids will adhere to their tions. Ferric sulfate is formed at the insoluble anodes, and tive properties of a given solid are selective,—not all solids, plus its film relative to the bulk of the solution may be walls and only the clear liquid pass through; or, third, the reacts with the metallic Cu at the cathode— even of the same general class or type, display the same either positive or negative. But, as a matter of practice, channels may at first be larger than the solid particles, but adsorptive power to the same ionic or molecular constituent; most solids display positive adsorption; hence the net charge Cu+2Fe^^-^=Cu^^+2FE"^ of such a size that they wiil fill up with the solids to an —second, that the adsorbing agent should expose a large on a particle is usually positive or negative according as extent such that the openings finally become smaller than which leads to low current efficiency and high power cost. surface to the solution; third, that increase of temperature it exists in an acid (pH less than 7) or a basic medium. the solid particles. In practically all cases, as soon as the The electrolyte in the tank-house must therefore be treated tends to increase the rate of adsorption, though not always This should not be taken as a hard and fast rule, but only medium begins to function as such, whether the pores are with SO2 at periodic intervals to keep the iron in the re­ the amount adsorbed; and fourth, that the extraction of as a general guide or first approximation, since, especially in the original medium, or in the cake formed, the oncoming duced state. the dissolved constituent by the adsorbing agent is an ex­ in the case of metals, the "solution pressure" of the solid solid particles tend to form bridges over the pores, the Cobalt and nickel are particularly detrimental to the ponential function of time,—I.e., the adsorption curve Is of also plays an Important role. deposition of zinc: in some cases it has been found neces­ logarithmic form; the time required to extract the last few coarser particles acting as "key-stones" and supporting the The solution pressure of a solid is the tendency of the overlying finer particles''^. sary to limit the concentrations of these elements by means units is much greater than that for the first units. Hence, solid mass to eject positively-charged ions into the solution of special reagents, such as dimethylglyoxime, nitroso-beta- it is good practice to supply a sizable excess of adsorbing in contact with the solid surface. As soon as any ions escape The net result is a "filter cake" consisting of a mass of naphthol, etc. agent. from the surface, the mass, as a whole, must become nega­ small particles. Irregular in shape, closely packed together. It has been well said that, insofar as chemical purification In certain special cases, chemical and physico-chemical tively charged. Furthermore, the solution pressure Is The greater the pressure used in forming the cake, of is concerned, the methods of the analytical laboratory are methods other than those mentioned may be employed. opposed by the osmotic pressure of similar ions already course, the smaller will be the channels through the cake. the surest guide to success in attacking any problem. The Hydrolysis, thermal decomposition, preliminary electro­ present in the solution. Metals below hydrogen have small As soon as any regular film of cake has been built up, the judicious application of the time-honored reactions of lysis, etc., etc., may be utilized; but it is impossible to lay solution pressures; in fact, the e.m.f. series gives the order flow of liquid necessarily becomes slow. Under these con­ qualitative and quantitative analysis,—with due regard for down hard and fast rules for their employment, since each of the metal solution pressures. Thus it happens, for ditions, the flow of the liquid through the pores of the cake the economics of the situation,—seldom fail to yield satis­ case necessarily calls for individual treatment and must be instance, that a base metal, such as copper, may show a tends to assume straight-line motion, and for any finite factory results. worked out separately. As exemplifying the number and positive charge in the massive state; but when in suspen­ thickness, the cake may be regarded as equivalent to a series But these simon-pure methods are not always sufficient. complexity of purification processes occasionally required, sion, copper particles will migrate to the anode, and when of capillary tubes of definite average diameter. The flow Or, hy taking advantage of some phj'sical property or we may cite here the steps taken in the treatment of precipitated by electrolytes will drag down cations (M"^). through any one of these capillaries is then given by Poiseuille's equation, mechanism, a long and tedious chemical process may be cadmium sulfate solutions prior to electrolysis at one op­ For present purposes, however, the important point in circumvented. For instance, it often happens that such erating plant''^: all this is simply that solid particles tend to migrate with 32/iLu pernicious and persistent elements as arsenic and antimony P= , The solid feed consists of concentrated lead blast-furnace and be deposited hy the electric current; they may also be get into solution. These elements, being polyvalent and of precipitated by electrolytes, and he adsorbed upon other pre­ gD^ acidic persuasion, are notably impervious to ordinary means bag-house dust which has been sulfated by roasting with concentrated H^SO^ (66«Be) at about 725°C. This treat­ cipitates. Hence, if we want a pure metal deposit, by where P is the pressure drop through the length L of the of chemical elimination. But, like all things animate and chemical, physical, or electrochemical means, we must avoid tube, fl is the absolute viscosity of the liquid, u the linear inanimate, they have their weakness: they are readily ad­ ment renders all of the Cd water-soluble, but breaks down most of the other metal sulfates present and volatilizes a cloudy, murky solutions containing solid particles. velocity of the liquid, and D the diameter of the tube. sorbed by certain insoluble metal hydroxides,—notably For the removal of those particles which would not settle, Hence, for a filter cake of thickness L and Area A, with ferric hj'droxide and aluminum hydroxide. large part of the water-soluble arsenic. This product Is leached in warm water by grinding in a ball-mill, followed and for the final dewatering of settler underflow pulps, N capillaries per unit area, Adsorption means condensation or local concentration at then, filters are commonly employed. "Filtration is the by paddle agitation. The chief impurities present in the dV N'^D^PgA a surface or interface between two unlike phases. As men­ process of separating suspended solid material from a liquid tioned before, every free surface of a liquid or solid exerts, leach solution which might interfere with the electrolytic precipitation of cadmium are iron, arsenic, antimony, lead, by forcing the latter through the voids of a porous mass or is possessed of, a "stray field of force". Now one mani­ called the filtering medium.""^ dt USixL festation of that field is its ability to attract and hold at copper, bismuth, silver, mercury, and thallium. Freshly precipitated CdS is added to the leach agitators; this pre­ Filters may, therefore, be classified according to tbe where dV/dt is the rate of flow in volume per unit time. the surface from which it acts one or more of the constitu­ medium employed, or according to the method used to force These equations, while not directly applicable to filtra­ ents of an unhke, immiscible phase in contact with that cipitates CuS, AgnS, PbS, HgS, and Bi^Sg, and any other second group (H^S group) metals below Cd. The agitator the liquid through the medium. Under the first we may tion problems, indicate that, first, the filtration rate is pro­ surface. Thus, whenever a liquid is in contact with a solid, distinguish between: portional to the pressure and to the area, and inversely one or more of the constituents of the liquid are adsorbed pulp Is settled, and the overflow treated with NaClOg to oxidize Iron; then CaO is added until the solution is neutral 1. Filters with a loose or granular membrane; proportional to the thickness of the cake, for incompressible by (condensed upon) the solid surface. This phenomenon 2. Filters with a felted or woven membrane; sludges. For compressible sludges, the size of the channels is perfectly general thruout nature, yet the effects are highly Applied Colloid Chemistry, Bancroft, N. Y1921. 3. Filters with a rigid, porous membrane; must become smaller with Increased pressure, hence the specific: a given solid usually has a selective adsorption for Ibid., p. 100. ii"—-Ber. Dent. Cliem. Gessell. 3+, TIT, 3 138 (1904). 4. Filters with a semi-permeable membrane. change of rate of flow with pressure will follow some sort the constituents of a given liquid; and the adsorption of =^Zeit. Kolloidchemie 8, 273 (1911). gases by liquids and solids is even more noticeably specific."*^ Trans. A.I.M. S:M.E. LXX, 502 (1924). ^'—Freundlich, Kapillarchemic, Leipzig (1923), p. 336; Zeit. Elektrochemie ^"—Taggart, Handbook of Ore-Dressing, Section 17. Globe Plant, A. S. & R. Co., Denver, Colo. IS. 161 (1909). Liddell, Handbook of Chem. Eng., Vol. I, PP. 290-311. 5S—Walker, Lewis & McAdams, op. cit., Ch. XL Hiion, Work, & Odell, Trans. A. L M. & M. E. 73, 225. 28 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o zg of an exponential function, the value of the exponent of lurgical practice, it is not necessary to take up the deriva­ Soupcoff Dies Suddenly melee the officer slapped his face. Martinez being of the pressure depending upon the nature of the sludge. Also, tion of the differential equations for such conditions. hot blooded Spanish type and holding honor dearer than since viscosity decreases with increase in temperature, filtra­ There is no way of predicting, a priori, the values of r, life itself, retaliated by challenging him to a duel. In doing tion must be retarded by decreased temperature. r' or s for any given case. These must be derived by tests. so he, thru courtesy, allowed the officer the choice of Xo derive equations which can be applied to filtration- Very often, too, it is possible to arrive at approximate values weapons. The decision was a duel with pistols. problems, it is helpful to note the analogy of this case of from manufacturer's data. In the case of drum filters, sucb The combat took place that same evening in a remote fiow of liquids through tubes to the flow of current through as the Oliver and Portland, it must be remembered that spot, near the city of Victoria, Mexico, and resulted in the a conductor. Thus, we may assume that filtration rate is the actual filtering surface increases as the cake becomes challenger being mortally wounded. He was immediately equal to the driving force (pressure per unit area), divided thicker, and that, therefore, the value of A in the above removed to a hospital In a very critical condition where he by the resistance. This resistance, in turn, is made up of equations must be calculated from the relation died three daj's later. two parts; the resistance of the cake itself, and the resistance A—Al of the mechanism and medium. Neglecting, for tbe time A=—— Martinez received his education in the United States. being, this latter resistance,—which should he small in a A„ He attended high school at the Western Military Academy of Indiana, from which he was graduated in 1927. He well-designed apparatus,-—-the resistance becomes inversely 2.3 log — proportional to the filtering area; that is, since then entered Purdue University wbere he remained for one year. In the fall of 1928, Martinez entered the Colorado where A^ and A^ are the inside and outside areas of the dV/dt=P/R (1) School of Mines and remained as a student here for the cake, respectively. The thinner the cake, the more nearly and R=rL/A, ensuing school year. and since the volume of the cake is LA, while the sludge this logarithmic mean will approach the arithmetic mean, brought in hy the pulp is vV (where v is the volume of A,+A, cake as it collects on the filter, in cu. ft. per unit volume A= . Former Trustee Dies of filtrate), hence 2 Li=vV/A, The capacity of a filter is commonly stated in terms of Joseph S. Jaffa died in the Presbyterian hospital, Den­ rvV weight of dry solid separated per square foot of medium. ver, September 15, following a heart attack. He was and R= . On cement slurry, ores and flotation concentrates the stricken while attending a dinner at the Green Gables A^ capacity of vacuum filters ranges from 200^ to 1300 lbs. country club, and lived only a few hours after being re­ per sq. ft. per 24 hours. If the capacity runs much under moved to tbe hospital. Substituting this in (1), 200 lbs., the limit of vacuum filtration has been reached, Mr. Jaffa was a former trustee of the Colorado School dV PA- and some form of pressure filter should be used. For best of Mines. He served in this capacity for eight jj^ears, from S. M. SOUPCOFF, '10 —= , (2) results, the feed to a vacuum filter should not exceed 1 1903 until 1911. He had taught mining law at the School dt rvV part liquid to 1 part solid; and the thicker the pulp, in gen­ S. M. Soupcoff, '10, succumbed to a sudden heart attack for over twenty years. which is entirely satisfactory for dealing with non-com­ eral, the higher the filter capacitj'. In continuous vacuum on the night of September 19. The news of his death pressible cakes, and for filters such that the resistance of the filters, the cake may run as thin as % in.; but ordinary cakes run from to ^ in- thick. The more finely divided came to the Alumni office as a sudden shock, as he had pipes, vaives, spigots, and medium is negligible in compari­ been in excellent health until the time of his demise. son with that of the cake. If this apparatus resistance be­ the solids, and the higher their colloid content, the thinner must be the cake in any kind of filtration. Moisture con­ According to communications received from his friends, comes an appreciable factor, then we must introduce a term Soupcoff returned home from his office early on the nine­ /y/A, where p is a coeflicient, and (2) then becomes tent of good filter cake varies usually between 10 and 20 per cent., depending upon the fineness of the solids. teenth, complaining of a slight "heart-burn"; he ate a dV P,A^ light meal and retired early. In the morning, since he did In conclusion, the choice of a filter for a given job can —= (3) not arise at the usual time, he was sent for. There was usually be made from analogous experience at other plants dt rvV+pA no response to the knocks at bis door, and it was found or from similar work. The value of the equations developed that he had died during the night. An autopsy revealed The pulps resulting from most hydrometallurgical separa­ above lies largely in arriving at conclusions as to efficiency, that death had resulted from heart failure. tions are relatively incompressible, being essentially crystal­ and as to probable gains by use of different schedules of line in character, however small-grained they may appear. washing, different media, etc. S. M. Soupcoff was graduated from the Colorado School However, gelatinous substances, such as Fe(OH).^, and of Mines in 1910. Following his graduation he took a Si (OH) 4, may be present; and in any event, there must position with the Anaconda Copper Mining company. always be a certain amount of packing with increase in Mineral Production in 1929 This was the beginning of a successful career in mining pressure. This is more strictly true as the pressure in­ The value of the mineral products of the Nation in 1929 engineering. His second position was with John B, Parish creases over one atmosphere. Hence, for rotary filters was $5,830,000,000, or 8 per cent greater than the value as a consulting engineer and his work here carried him (vacuum), where the total pressure drop, Pt, cannot be of the 1928 mineral output, according to the Bureau of into the Hudson bay country, Alaska, South America and greater than one atmosphere, the cake compression quickly Mines. The upward trend was, however, neither general many other countries in the western hemisphere. reaches a constant value, and equation (3) can be em­ nor uniform and did not bring the total to preceding high In 1913 he became affiliated with the Guggenheim in­ ployed. levels of the last decade—$6,213,600,000 in 1926, a year terests and was with this organization for 14 years. However, for final clarification, it is usual in many cases of marked prosperity, and $5,986,500,000 in 1923 and At the time of his death Soupcoff was associated with to employ pressure filters, such as the Kelly or Burt filter $6,981,340,000 in 1920, two years of high price levels. the Moore, Leonard and Lynch company, New York in­ presses, and in these tj'pes tbe pressure changes as the cake Comparisons for the major groups of mineral industries vestment bankers and brokers. builds up. This follows from the fact that it is better show that the total value of metals produced in 1929 has Mr. Soupcoff was widely known in the west as an ex­ JOSEPH S. JAFFA practice to filter at constant rate rather than at constant been exceeded only twice—in 1923 and 1920—in tbe past pert adviser on mining problems and for his activities in Masonic and club circles. He resided in Sait Lake up pressure in batch filters under positive pressure. Thus, a decade; that tbe total value of all nonmetallic products, The first associate membership In the Alumni Associa­ until August 1, 1930, when he moved to New York. Kelly filter may be started at only 5 lbs., but toward the except fuels, was less in 1929 than in any year of the tion was granted to Mr. Jaffa. His application for mem­ He is survived by his widow and son, Tom. end of the run the pressure may go up to 50 or 60 lbs. decade except the first three; and that the value of all min­ bership was the first received following the amendment to gauge. Consequently, for operations involving compressible eral fuels in 1929 surpassed that for each vear of the decade the constitution providing for associate members. cakes, we must assume that the specific resistance of the except 1926, 1923, and 1920. Martinez Killed in Due! Mr. Jaffa was born in Philadelphia and attended schools cake is an exponential function of the pressure; that is, ^ r^r'p^. Then equation (2) becomes News of the death of Jacobo Martinez following a duel there. He was a graduate of the University of Pennsyl­ dV PA- P'-^A- "It's a fine day, miss." with a Mexican army office, September 13, was received vania and the Columbia law school. — (4) "It's a fine day, all right, but I'm not a 'miss,' I'm a by his friends at the School of Mines early this month. Later he went with his parents to Trinidad, Colo. He 'mister'." Martinez was an ex-Mines man. came here 30 years ago. dt r'vVP^ r'vV "Ah, I beg your pardon. You looked so much like a According to the information received, Martinez entered Mr. Jaffa is survived by his wife, Mrs. Alma Jaffa and Since "filter aids" are seldom, if ever, used in hydrometal­ boy that I took you for a girl."—-Minn. Sii-JJ-Mah. into a heated argument with an army officer and in the three sisters. 30 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o

vania beds and their relationship to the Aicestral Rockies. Fourth Annual Field Conference The field work for this paper {in Colorado) is being con­ of Kansas Geological Society ducted by Prof. Johnson for the U. S. G. S. He spoke again at the evening meeting in Raton. In the "Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Field Con­ By NEIL H. WILLS, '26, and RONALD K. DEFORD, '21 [>lrhlctic§ ference of the Kansas Geological Society" Is a compilation The Fourth Annual Field Conference of the Kansas of geological data on the area covered by the trip. Certain Geological Society was made the first week in September, contributions to this book made by Mines men are of starting from Colorado Springs, Colorado, and ending at interest: Intramural Sports Intramural tennis singles began Sep­ for this purpose on the lawn at the rear tember 16. More than a score of men of Guggenheim Hall. Amarillo, Texas. One hundred and twenty men {also two "Stratigraphic Sections in tbe Rocky Mountains of Colo." Due to the shortness of the season and are participating in this tournament. The ladies) made the trip in about forty-five cars. By H, L. Baldwin, '25, and others. the inability of ali of the participants to The volleyball tournament really starts arrange baseball schedudes last spring, results have not yet been announced. the race between fraternities for athletic The itinerary of the trip is as follows: "The Pennsylvanian Section at Lost Lake, Colorado." the Alpha Tau Omegas still must play supremacy. Other sports will follow in The volileyball tournament began Sep­ Sunday, August 31. By H, L. Baldwin, '25, and others. the Sigma Phi Epsilons for a serai-final their order, boxing, wrestling, basketball, Arrive at Colorado Springs for registration. "Stratigraphic Sections in Northeastern New Mexico." decision in this sport. The winner of tember 23. Because of repairs being swimming, track and baseball. made on the playing floor of the gym­ By Ben H. Parker, '24, Donald Beeth, '24, and this game will meet the Sigma Alpha Much interest has been manifested in Meeting to outline plans for trip. Epsilons for the championship. This nasium, all practice was scheduled for Night at Colorado Springs, Colorado. others. the past in intramural sports at the Colo­ ends fall competition in baseball. out of doors. Coach Moles set up a net rado School of Mines. Monday, September 1. "Notes on the Occurrence of Clastic Plugs and Dikes in Study of sections from granite to Dakota in vicinity of the Cimarron Valley of Union County, New Mexico." COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES 1930 FOOTBALL SQUAD By Ben H. Parker, '24. Mines-Denver U. Colorado Springs. Name No. Pos. m. Wt. Exp. Home Totvjt A study of similar sections in vicinity of Canon City (in­ The trip was a huge success, although a long and hard 35 E. 5' 9 " 166 1 yr. Denver, Coiorado Mines lost to Denver University by a cluding Ordovician Beds). one. The Colorado School of Mines contributed their 22 T. 5' 10 " 167 1 yr. Denver, Colorado 16 to 0 score in the first football game of Lunch at Canon Citj'- (Strathmore Hotel). share of the men present on the trip. The following men 11 T. 6' 1 " 172 No Houston, Texas the 1930 season. The Mines fans had 33 F. B. 5' 10 " 160 1 yr. Canon City, Colorado not expected this lop-sided score, and Visit to Florence and Canon City oil fields. made the trip in part or In whole: were hanking on the Orediggers to hold 9 Q. B. 5' 10 " 157 2 yr. Ridley Park, Penn. Night at Pueblo, Colorado. Allan, T. H., '18, Division Geologist, The Midwest Ex­ 10 C. 5' 85^" 177 2 yr. Findlay, Ohio the powerful Denver eieven to a one touchdown margin. Tuesday, September 2. ploration Co., Russell, Kansas. Canning, T. V. E. 6' 157 No Denver, Coiorado Study of Apishapa uplift between Pueblo and Walsenburg. Baldwin, Harry, '25, Division Geologist, Independent Oil 17 C. 6' 1 " 170 No Golden, Colorado The strength of Denver U. had been Golden, Colorado Study of great thickness of Pennsylvanian and associated & Gas Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma. 6 H, B. 5' 10 " 162 2 yr. underestimated in spite of the 40 to 0 29 T. 6' 1 " 160 No Leesburg, Virginia trouncing which the Pioneers handed the red beds (10,000 feet thick) in vicinity of La Veta Butcher, C. P., '24, Geologist, Cranfill-Reynolds Co., San 23 E. 5' ny^" 175 No Montebello, Calif. Regis Rangers. Many spectators who Pass. Angelo, Texas. 19 F. B. 5' 7 " 155 No Tarpon Springs saw the Denver-Mines battle stated that Lunch at La Veta—by ladies of South Methodist Church. DeFord, R. K., '21, Division Geologist, The Midwest Re­ Fishman, Ben H. B. 5' 6 " 117 No Denver, Colorado the Miners did an excellent piece of work in holding the D, U. Boys down to 16 Study of Cretaceous and Tertiary ? beds on east side of fining Co., Roswell, New Mexico. ' 16 H. B. 5' 7 " 131 No Denver, Colorado 14 E. 5' 10 " 160 No Norristown, Penn, points. In fact, sports writers in the Raton Coal Basin. Downing, R. B., Geologist, The Barnsdall Oil Corp., S H, B. 5' 4 " 150 No Danville, 111. Rocky Mountain Conference are talking Night at Raton, New Mexico. Wichita, Kansas. . 1 H. B. 5' 6 " 150 No Kearney, Nebr, Denver up for the champions this season. Wednesday, September 3. Johnson, J. Harlan, '23, Professor, Colorado School of . 39 E. 5'11 " 150 No Salt Lake City, Utah Study of south side of Raton (Cretaceous-Tertiary?) Coal Mines, Golden, Colo. 18 II. B. 5' 7 " ISO No Rock Springs, Wyo. Sedalia, Colorado So It Goes Kessler, D. L., '25, Geologist, The Midwest Refining Co., 3 E. 5' 11 " 160 1 yr. Basin, 21 G. 5' 10 " 173 1 yr. Wheatland, Wyo. We get all pepped up and things hap­ Study of Carboniferous beds near Taos. Carlsbad, New Mexico. G. 5' 103^" 151 1 yr. Fort Lupton, Colo. 20 pen to spoil it. Spiers and Rice are out 154 No Denver, Colorado Visit to Taos Indian Pueblo and artists' studios. Miller, Milward, '26, Geologist, Humble Oil & Refining . 4 C. 5' ii;^" on account of heart trouble and appendi­ Golden, Colorado Lunch at Don Fernando Hotel at Taos. Co., Roswell, New Mexico. 2 H. B. 5' 6 " 142 No citis. And now that True is back, he is T. 6' VA" 197 Sycamore, 111. Visit to Santa Clara Indian Pueblo. Reynolds, K, W., '20, Division Geologist, Skelly Oil Com­ Michaelson, C, D. 38 1 yr. declared ineligible. Three good men 76 Q. B. 5' 8 " 130 2 yr. Kearney, Nebr, lost—what next? Visit to Puye ruins. pany, Roswell, New Mexico. . 7 G. 5' n%" 176 1 yr. Sunnyside, Utah Night at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Romine, Tom, '19, Asst. Chief Geologist, Texas & Pacific Preston, R, D. 25 T. 6' 1^" 175 1 yr. Denver, Colo, Thursday, September 4. Coal & Oii Co., Fort Worth, Texas. Putz, H, T 3+ G. 5' 10 " 155 1 yr. Jackson, Mo. Freshmen Football Quinn, J, B. ... . 28 G. 5' 9 " 167 No Balboa Heights, C. Study of upper Pecos River Carboniferous section above Roth, Fred, '26, Geologist, The Midwest Exploration Co,, Forty freshmen football candidates are Rice, Ed 26 H. B. 5' 8 " 156 2 yr. Grantwood, N. J. reporting regularly for practice at the Pecos City. Russell, Kansas. 27 H. B, 5' 10 " 155 No Denver, Colo. new field by the Experimental Plant. Lunch in Field near Pecos City. Wills, Neil H., '26, Geologist, The Midwest Refining 31 T. 5' 10 " 170 1 yr. Urbana, Ohio Two pass plays have been given out for 36 E. 5' 10^" 155 No Denver, Colo. Study of Mesozoic, Carboniferous and Pre-Cambrian sec­ Co., Roswell, New Mexico. practice and a number of new ones will 16 E. S' 11 " 155 No Grand Junction, Colo tion at Tijeras Canyon at the south end of the Sandia D. L. Kessler, '25, is co-author of a paper "Symposium be issued by the end of this week. As Rump, W, C H. B. 5' 8 " 135 No Grand Junction, Colo yet, no definite lineup could be formu­ Mountains. on the Age and Structural Relationships of Uplifts of Spaiding, B. R 15 E. 5' 11 " 151 No Denver, Colo. lated. The line material looks exception­ Night at Albuquerque, New Mexico. Colorado and Vicinity to the Buried Mountains of the Switzsavage, A. C, E. 5' 11 " 165 No Reinerton, Pa. ally good, especially the guards and Voiin, M. E. 24 T. 5'11 " 165 No Willows, Caiif. Friday, September 5. Texas Panhandle", The paper was read at the evening tackles. Study of Abo Canyon section at the south end of the Man- meeting in Las Vegas, Friday, Sept. 5. Weiis, W, M. - H. B. S' 8 " 151 No Denver, Colo, 30 E, 5' 9%" 142 1 yr. Denver, Colo. Coach Fletcher expressed himself well zano Mountains—Carboniferous and Pre-Cambrian. 37 G. 5' 8^" 185 1 yr. Philadelphia, Pa. pleased with his yearlings. "We ought Lunch in Field at Willard, New Mexico. Zwick, W. H. T. 5' + " 161 No Fort Wayne, Ind, to win both Frosh games," he said. Study of recent lake beds in southern end of the Estancia Production of stone In the United States in 1929, exclu­ Valley. sive of stone manufactured into lime, cement, and abrasive Denver Wallops Regis Studs'^ of Permian overlap onto Pre-Cambrian quartzite in materials, or crushed into sand, amounted to 141,109,580 After holding Denver University score­ Pedernal Hill. short tons, valued at $202,692,762, according to a compila­ less in the first quarter. Regis college was FRANCO WYOMING OIL COMPANY Over Glorieta Mesa to Las Vegas. tion of reports from producers made by the United States handed a 40-0 defeat Saturday night, Night at Las Vegas, New Mexico. Bureau of Mines. The figures show an increase of 5 per September 20, at the D. U. stadium. PETROLEUM PRODUCTION Saturday, September 6. cent in quantity and 3 per cent in value over the 1928 An estimated crowd of 17,000 people 551 Fifth Ave., N. Y, City 9 Blvd. de la Madeleine, Paris Study of Cretaceous through Pre-Cambrian at Mora Can­ production figures of 133,869,510 short tons, valued at witnessed this first night game of the First Nat. Bank Building, Denver, Colo, yon. $196,820,697. year. Disband for trip to Amarillo. Stone sold for flagging, rubble, furnace flux, manufactur­ With the score ending 6-0 at the end of William D. Waltman, '99 Vice President Night at Amarillo, Texas. ing Industries, construction, monumental stone, crushed the half in favor of D. U,, the Pioneers LESTER S. GRANT, '99 came back with a hard, fighting offense. In the evening, papers were read by various members of stone, riprap, agricultural limestone and stone sold for mis­ Specken, veteran quarterback at D. U, LAMONT E. SMITH, '24 Associates the trip, and discussions followed. J. Harlan Johnson, '23, cellaneous uses increased In quantity and stone sold for and Noonan of Regis, were the outstand- ALBERT P. KLEEMAN, '24 gave a preliminary report at Pueblo on the Permo-Pennsyl- paving blocks and curbing decreased. 'm% players. The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o

September's share of visitors at Mines was as great as ever. Dr. Robert Lan- MINERS EVERYWHERE! don of the U. S. G. S. was in Golden, Let Us Serve Your Needs September 15, and intends returning later Campus ^pics for further work with this group. Engineers' Supplies, Books and Another Mines guest was Dr. Q, D. Magazines Singewald, formerly of the geology de­ partment of the School who has been Captain Cole Writes Letter New Rushing System Tried Prexy Writes Letter to Students Allen Writes Letter to working around Alma, Colorado, during Robinson s Book Store to Miners Following a week of organized rushing, the summer. He spent several days in the fraternities on the campus announce for Oredigger . Student Body Golden before returning to his position Golden Coiorado Well, the old school is open again and their pledges for the semester. Most of Following is a letter from President at the University of Rochester, New The following is a letter addressed to my thoughts turn to Mines and Golden. the men so honored are freshmen, Coolbaugh addressed to the students. York. Dr. C. H. Behre, professor of the Mines student body by Coach Allen. It will not seem the same to have to although some upperclassmen were This letter was published in the first economic geology at Northwestern Uni­ It sums up his point of view regarding miss the tug of war, the barbeque, and pledged. According to the rules of the issue of the Oredigger, student paper. versity, who has been with the U. S. G, this year's football situation. This letter then the team at Brooks field. Interfraternity Council, each fraternity To the Mines Students! S. in its work near Leadville this sum­ appeared in the first issue of the Ore- You may be sure I will be there in was allowed two dates with the rushee. mer, spent September IS at Mines. Pro­ The The Administration is well pleased digger, student weekly. spirit at least and will be following your On Monday evening, September Sth, the fessor McCarthy, a botanist of River­ with the large enrollment this year. It Gentlemen: fortunes just the same through your pages Rushing Period ended. The rushees is believed that this Increase in students side, California, also visited Mines. He Rubey National Bank of the Oredigger. Surely hope you ali gathered in Guggenheim, and went be­ is an expression of faith in the ability "This year marks a decided step in the has been doing work for the Carnegie have a big year in all activities at Mines. fore the Council to state their choice. of the Colorado School of Mines to train physical Educational program of this Institution during the summer on Pike's of Golden Since arriving here I have already seen Each fraternity submitted a list of men capable engineers. school. For the first a thorough physical Peak. Whiie in Golden, he was a guest examination is required of each Freshman at the home of Professor and Mrs. J. "Bob" Herndnn, and MacCullough, both preferred by it, and the Council reconciled The loyalty of the alumni and you old and Sophomore. From these examina­ Harlan Johnson, The Miners' Bank of '27, I believe. "Bob" is one of my Re­ the choices of the fraternities with the students is fully appreciated—without it tions the Physical Education Department Thoroughly Reliable and serve Officer Students. I keep my Mines choices of the rushees. we could not make progress. It will be can determine the actual physical status sign on and hope to attract more interesting to observe the new men, being Competent "Miners." of each raan. The departraent is fortu­ assimilated intO' the student body, strive Abie—I hear you had a fire at your nate in having the services of Dr. My work proves interesting with the Largest Enrollment Since 1924 to live up to your standards. They will store last Tuesday night, Fletcher, who, though not acting as school Ohio River to keep us busy, I expect to The first semester registration of this have to exert themselves to the limit to Ikie—Sh, sh! It's this Tuesday night. physician, is able to correct some of the investigate one of its tributaries as to school year has revealed many interesting do it, but we have confidence in them. possibilities of future commerce, power minor ailments of these men in the facts. The distribution of students ac­ Mines Spirit is contagious. development and flood control reservoirs. classes, More Power to Mines cording to class indicates somewhat larger Sincerely, Aerial mapping comes in for a share of and groups than during the previous few M, F. COO'I-BAUGH, "He is also freshman football coach the time too, as does disbursing about years. There are at present, eleven post and trainer for all athletic teams. This United Verde Copper Co. Golden one million dollars per annum and legal graduates, seventy-one Seniors, one hun­ should greatly aid the conditions of the work. You can see this keeps me out of dred and eighteen Juniors, one hundred Mines R. O. T. C. Rated Excellent personnel of the teams, Mines at Jerome, Arizona mischief at least. I'll send you a news and twenty-five Sophomores and one hun­ The general rating of the Colorado "Now for the great fall sport, football. item about an interesting feature as soon dred and forty-seven freshmen enrolled. School of Mines R. O. T. C. unit is "ex­ "Prospects for a good team this fall as I get more familiar with it. cellent," according to a report from head­ Smelter and Conceotrator Colorado Central Power Co. Some sidelights of registration include are bright. To have a winning team, quarters. Eighth Corps Area, Fort Sara Give my best to all the gang. Hope the enrollment of three foreign students, winning spirit is required of the team Golden, Colorado Houston, Texas. Clarkdale, Arizona you all get lots of good Frosh. This Uordan, from the University of Tortu, and of its backers. Each student should goes for ail the gang and the Stray Estonia; W. E. Pirson of Belgium, and The War Department found no irregu­ encourage the team individually and col­ Greeks too. Then I hope the Barbs make Watanabe, from Nankin College, Japan. larities or deficiencies in the School of lectively to win. With the return of you hustle. This is all political, you see Among the post-graduates are Chappa Mines unit as a result of the inspection several lettermen, Adams, an end. Spiers no party or sect left out. '27, Mexico, and Odonez '28, also of held before the close of school last spring. and Martin, guards, Woodburn, fullback, Up and at 'em Miners and give the Mexico. There are forty-two advance A letter from the commanding general of and with some good men from the Frosh Golden Fire Brick Co. other teams PI 1 to remember us by. standing students from thirty-nine col­ the Eighth Corps Area states that "The teara, the outlook is considerably brighter Keep the old fight and lots of new fight leges represented among the Miners. unit is well administered and very good than it was last spring. results are being obtained. The faculty to boot on the field and in the best "Football in the Conference is improv­ Colorado still predominates among the cooperates and the students take very ROTC unit I know of. ing so that the competition is keener than One of Golden's Mineral new students, with both New York and kindly to the work. The general rating Adios Au-Revoir and So Long, in years past. Mines is to play the first California running close seconds, How­ of the School of Mines unit is excellent." Industries CAPTAIN COLE. ever, almost every state and possession is Conference night game with Denver Uni­ well represented. versity on October 4th. Naturally, the Miners are anxious to make a good show­ Professor L. W. Harkemeier of the Palmers Celebrate Thirty-fifth Climax, Colo. Golden Colorado ing." Chemical department recently returned New York Section Praises Wedding Anniversary from the annual meeting of the American Sincerely, Professor and Mrs. 1. A. Palmer cele­ Chemical Society, which was held this Student Annual GEORGE AIXEN. brated their thirty-fifth wedding anni­ year at Cincinnati. Doctor C. W. Knud- A letter to the director of publications versary with a party at their home re­ son, formerly of the Mines faculty, ac­ from the New York section of the Colo­ cently, at which time they entertained The formal opening and house warm­ Telling the News of Golden and the companied him. While at Mines Doctor rado School of Mines Alumni association several faculty members. Professor ing of the new chapter house of the Knudson was in charge of freshman praises the 1930 Prospector. The letter School of Mines Palmer has taught raetallurgy here for Alpha Tau Omega fraternity took place Inspiration chemistry. said "the New York Section considers more than ten years and is one of the Sunday, September 21, from two until SINCE 1866 At the invitation of the Colorado Sec­ the 1930 Prospector an excellent piece of leading authorities on the subject in the five p. ra. Many friends of the chapter Consolidated Copper tion, the Society wiil hold its 1932 meet­ work, in fact the best that has come to state. in Golden attended. COLORADO TRANSCRIPT ing in Denver. our attention in years." Company New York Office, 25 Broadway Give Yourself a Weekly Present from Mines and Plants the Old Campus—$2.50 per Year Manufacturers of U. S. FOUNDRIES, Inc. Inspiration, Gila Co., Arizona "National" Brands Safety Fuse for use in all Blasting Operations DENVER, COLORADO Brands SALT LAKE FOUNDRIES SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH KEEP POSTED ON GOLDEN Sylvanite Black Monarch White Aztec Double Tape White Monarch Bear Black Aztec Triple Tape BETJCR through Carbon and Alloy Steel Castings fiUlfraflT PAPER The National Fuse & Powder Co. The For mantles and liners for ball mills DEPENDABLE Denver, Colorado Estabhshed 1900 Jefferson County MOLLY'Chrome Rocky Mountain Distributors—Cordeau-Bickford Detonating Fuse for Blueprints deep well blasting. Republican gives service far superior to any other castings on the market. THE GOLORAQD BLUE PRINT PAPER & SUPPLY GD. 13^0 GLENARM PLACE, DENVER A. C. HOVEY, Pres. and Gen. Mgr. 34 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ip^o

New York Section September 3, 1930. Dear Colburn: The 93rd regular meeting of the New You will be surprised to know that the York Section of the Colorado School of Secretary of the Monterrey Section of the Mines Alumni Association was held at Alumni Association is now located In San the Fraternities Club, 22 East 38th St., Luis Potosi. Well, I guess it can't be New York City, on Friday, September 12, helped at present since the Monterrey 1930. Dinner was served at 6:30 P. M. Plant of the A, S. & R. shut down for a The following men were present: while and, believe me, it is not half bad Stillman; W, P. Thomson, '21; L. R. Moscow, U. S. S. R., Biiisoly, J. M., '23, 247 Park Ave., N. Southern California Section Sprains and Bruises here, although there is no place like Van Burgh, '17; C, K. Viland, '29; Aug. 21st, 1930. Y. C; Burgess, C. W., '09, 2+7 Park Ave., Monterrey, The Southern California Section of the Gower Waters, '09; Ben T. Wells, '04; By CHARLIE WHAURSE My dear Colburn: N. Y. C.; Downes, F. A., '13, 247 Park Some of the late arrivals around this Alumni Association met at the Univer­ Roger White, '19; John C. Worden, '23; The Editor of the Colorado School of I just received your letter and the Ave., N. Y. C; French, C. L., '13, 11 part of the world are Federico Vide­ sity Club for dinner, Wednesday Septem­ C. LORIMER COLBURN, Mines Magazine thinks I can improve Magazines of April, May and June. I Bartlett St., Brooklyn, N. Y.; Gross, garay, former Mines baseball star, who ber 24, to meet with and hear the Secre­ the publication by contributing to it. certainly enjoyed, them very much be­ LeRoy, '14, 39 Broadway, N. Y. C.; is now working with the American Smelt­ tary of the parent Association, C, Lorimer Dear Coach Alien: Almost anything would be an improve­ cause we get so little reading matter here Miller, A. L., '17, 247 Park Ave., N. Y. ing & Refining, Apartado No. 2, Colburn. This is the Los Angeles Alumni Sec­ ment over the stuff he writes and calls these days, C; Pilger, T., Ex-'IO, 55 Wall St.,-N. Y. Matehuaia, S. L. P., and William Wallis, Forty-two members came to the party tion broadcasting on a School of Mines editorials. In fact, I heard it said at the C; Ryan, J. A., '23, 61 Broadway, N. Y. I just returned from an investigation working for the Cia, de Petroleo Merce­ and as the invitation said there would be program. The forty-two members pres­ annual meeting of the Alumni Associa­ C.; Soupcoff, S. M., '10, 111 Broadway, trip of two months through Kazakstan des under "Pop" Haight, '27, at Cer- no soliciting of funds, a good time was ent ranging in members from '00 up to tion just last May that if it were not for N. Y. C; Walmsley, H. P., Ex-'24, 1239 which is East of the Ural Mountains and ralvo, N. L. had by all—except Secretary Colburn, as the contributions of hundreds of the Graybar Bidg., N. Y. C.; Wolf, H. J., the present date, were unanimous in ex­ South of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. he evidently had come out to tell us all pressing to you and your teams, par­ members of the AJumni the Magazine I drove up from Monterrey to Laredo, '03, 42 Broadway, N. Y. C. As I am the only engineer (American) Texas, the latter part of last month, 150 the needs at the school, in the way of ticularly football right now, that the would have long ago been a flop. in the Kagmenstroy Trust I have plenty miles of the best paved road yon ever Following the dinner President Wolf new buildings, equipment, endowed pro­ shades of the old Mines Spirit are stalk­ In a way, I am sorry that the Editor called the meeting to order. The reading to occupy my mind and keep me out of saw and met old Sam Kobey who is fessorships, and lastly, athletics. ing about ready to push the opposition ever found out who I am. It makes more of the minutes of the previous meeting mischief with several milling projects on working as research metallurgist for the After the Secretary's interesting out­ aside or to push along and forward the work for me, of course; but I am willing was dispensed with. The Treasurer's re­ hand for the future. San Francisco Mines of Mexico under S. line there was considerable discussion Mines players. to join in with the other hundreds of port was read and accepted, R, Brown, '13. Well, he took me around which was indulged in by men ranging contributors to make this Magazine a We are now working on the design Knowing that you might not know just to see Clare N. Hurry, '28, who, by the A letter from the Director of Publica­ from the class of '00 to the class of '30, what was going on in our minds, we success. I don't know a lot about the of one 500 ton flotation plant and, later tions at the Colorado School of Mines re­ on, will begin one a 12,000 flotation sul­ way, is the proud papa of an eight-pound including Col. Louis Ball, Ben Wells, F. take this means to let you know that even Alumni Association, so 1 am sure of garding the 1930 Prospector was read phide and oxide copper mill, one 3,000 little queen; believe me, Clare sure was P. (Spike) Lannon, Bladholm and L. H. though you do not hear from us at the being able to write a great deal about it. and the Secretary was directed to advise ton same, one 350 ton copper and lead, a proud one, too ! Henderson. time, we are always behind you in spirit, It is the principle of editors and column­ the Director of Publications that the New ists in general to write best on those sub­ one 2,000 ton copper Botation, one 150 Here in San Luis, I ran across Miguel There was quite a display of the old win or lose. It would have done your York Section considers the 1930 Pros­ jects about which they know nothing— lead and zinc, and one ISO ton copper, Espinosa, '14, who is ore buyer for this "Mines spirit" and it was finally passed heart good, and those of the players too, pector to be an exceptionally good issue. They like to show their ignorance for lead and zinc plant. How is that for an same outfit. He is a good one, Mike is, that the secretary keep in touch with if you could have heard some of the old advanced program ? and he can sure sing, "On the Railroad The speaker of the evening was Mr. Coach Alien throughout the football sea­ some strange reason or other. players like Spike Lannon, Colonel Bail, Track". I understand Amado Chapa, Theodore Pilger, Ex-'IO, now in the son. its « « Conditions are rather tough in many Ward Blackburn, Ben Wells, etc, relate '27, is going back to Golden to take up Foreign Bond Department of the National Then followed election of oificers and I attended the Junior Member Initia­ localities, but we hope to see them im­ incident after incident where the only some post-graduate course, Mike tells me City Bank and who following the World tion Affair the other night, and I came prove in the future. A, H, Bradford, '09 was elected Presi­ thing that carried the teams through to he has been doing very well with the War spent several years abroad with to the conclusion that, if the Alumni dent; J. C, Ballagh, '10, Vice-President, victory was that intangible but yet very Several C. S. M. men have been thru Kildun Mines Co, at Matehuaia. headquarters in Berlin for the U. S. Dept. Association is going to insist on shooting and Wm. F, Dugan, Ex-'12 was reelected ev dent stuff. Mines Spirit. here during the last few months, among of Commerce under Secretary Hoover. so much bull all the time, what it needs I don't remember whether I told you Secretary-Treasurer. Prexy treated with We ail realize the handicaps that have them were L. M. Banks, Prommel, His work was primarily promoting the is more men who are real orators like or not that D, C, Valdez, '21, has been a box of cigars. There being no further kept Mines from topping the list in re­ Downs and Wilson, sale of American made machinery and Fred C. Carstarphen, 'OS, Max Ball, promoted to assistant superintendent of business, the meeting adjourned. cent years. Nevertheless, we want you engineering equipment, and it required '06, is not so bad, but his wife (he Best of luck to C. S. M. during this the Torreon Smelter of the Cia. Minera WM, F. DUGAN, Sec'y, to know that the old Mines Spirit was him to cover all of Europe. admitted this himself) helps him along season's football and I hope that they de Penoles at Torreon, Coah. one that could also lose but losing, know with his English. She is a graduate of land on top. And last, but not least, Salvador del With a vote of thanks to Mr. Pilger Those present: Walter Abel, '06; that the best and even a little bit more, Boulder. Sincerely yours, "Poopooh" (I mean Del Rio, of course) the meeting was adjourned at 9:00 P. M. Howard Armington, '07; Louis R. Ball, was spent In trying. We have every BYRON M. JOHNSON, '08. came through town the other day and We wish to remind those who may '00; J. C. Ballagh, '10; F. M. Bell, '21; « * * confidence and belief that the same spirit gave us a long talk about that big article have occasion to visit New York that we Ward Blackburn, '08; E. F. Bladholm, and effort prevail at the School even now Prexy Coolbaugh wrote a letter for the he had published about gold placer min­ hold regular meetings on the second '29; Sidney Blum, '11; A. H. Bradford, and therefore have no criticism to make. Oredigger. It was a good letter, and it ing in Colombia. I think he said he was Friday of each month. Telephone Harry '09; S. D. Cunningham, '21; Wm. F. Dear Braden: We just want you to know that there is was a short one. That is my idea of going down to buy Tampico or paint it J. Wolf, Digby 2486 or F. A. Downes, Dugan, Ex-'12; J. H. Easthagen, '28; C. I just received my August copy of the nothing but good wishes and encourage­ shooting hot air—open the valve wide red. Wickersham 5030, for details, T. Emrich, '09; H. A, Everest, '08; H, Alumni Magazine and read the first in­ ment from every old Mines man in the and let it escape fast, A columnist can't P. Fidel, '23; Harry Fiske, '21; Sidney stallment of Anomalies of Vertical In­ Well, that's all there is and there won't hope and belief that the present Mines do it that way because he has to fill a French, '08; Rich. M. Fullaway, '16; C. tensity. I haven't seen any proof, as yet, be any more till next month, so we must column! The Editor will do something Monterrey Section man in "giving 'em HELL!" and 1 am sorry, for it wouild aid in sign off with compliments from Queen B, Gauthier, '16; W. A, Harrod, '16; L. worthwhile, if he'll get the Prexy to write WM. F. DUGAN, keeping out errors. Marie. The Monterrey Section is at work now H. Henderson, '28; J. C, Herron, '23; a snappy letter to the Alumni, and pub­ Secretarj', Southern California Section. Good luck and stay in the buggy, on plans for their annual meeting, the Julius Hornbein, 'OS; B. C. Hoalst, '30; lish it in this issue, ( I am turning my It was a very good job, although a few PABLO M. SADA, '29. day following commencement. H. L. Jacques, '08; F, P. Lannon, '07; copy in early so that he can take the errors crept in. Thought I'd write about This section will run a series of ads in Richard Leahy, '13; L. D. Muiford, '19; hint. He needs lots of good advice like the few I picked up so that you could ^ ^ m the Magazine, the first of which appears V. Y. Pentegoff, '28; W. J. Rupnick, '29; "My dear, I'm sure he must have been that.) eliminate them from the final reprint, Jay Walker: What's the quickest way in this issue. Give the Boys from Mon­ Weston M, Smith, '06; Robert Snow, '11; some sort of an engineer for he left blue w « s (Errors mentioned are printed as Errata to the emergency hospital? terrey a big hand! C, A. Spicer, '05; H. Spangler, '05; C. C. prints on my neck." in this issue.) The Alumni Association has published As ever, Cop: Just stand right where you are. another Directory. Keeping track of a GEO', SOMERS, '30, —Ala. Rammer-Jammer. bunch of Mines grads is just like watch­ ing an automobile race—-Here they come, and there they go! There are quite a few on the lost address list. It must get GREETINGS FROM MONTERREY SECTION tiresome, this dodging one's creditors all the time. JTraterntttf, Qlnllpgp an& OIlasB innplry EDITOR'S NOTE—-A contributor to the student paper using the pen name of Commencement Announcements MEXICO "Charlie Whaurse" has attracted the at­ tention of the Editor, and he has been and Invitations induced to write a column for the Maga­ zine. This is his first contribution. The Maker of the Colorado School of Mines Editor believes that the Alumni will ap­ Official Ring Remember MONTERREY preciate the gentle irony of this budding young columnist. What he says is meant to be taken in good humor-—-the same as L. G. BALFOUR COMPANY Will Rogers' famous sarcasms. If you Manufacturing Jewelers and Stationers The Saturday after Commencement, 1931 have any comment to make upon his column, write to him in care of the Attleboro, Mass. Editor, 36 The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o i7

J. C. Ballagh, '10, and Mrs. Ballagh i. C. Fopeano (Pope), '21, now lives Mines Exhibit in Denver Theater Assumes New Duties will sail from New York on October 25 in El Paso. He is employed by the An exhibit prepared by the Colorado for a trip to England and Roumania. Professor J. C, Fitterer, head of the Nichols Copper Co, School of Mines was on display in the Although this is primarily a pleasure trip mathematics department, has been ap­ Joseph M. Maxwell, '30, Geologist for lobby of the Paramount theater recently. it is expected that Mr. Ballagh will look pointed to take the place of Dr. L. S. the Empire Oil & Refining Company, has This exhibit shown in conjunction with after the business of his firm, Patterson- Ward as the Mines representative of the been transferred to Seminole, Okla. Rex Beach's popular story of the Alaskan Ballagh Corporation in Europe. Ben Arkin, '27, who is with the Texas Rocky Mountain Faculty Athletic Con­ gold rush. The Spoilers. ference, Doctor Ward served Mines in J. F. Purdum, '30, drove up from Fort Company, has recently had his district The feature of this exhibit was a valu­ enlarged and is now doing engineering this capacity for two years, and was the Worth, Texas, the middle of September Neil Whitmore, '29, production engi­ Jack Paddleford, a junior at Mines, able book, De Re Metallica, published .n president of the conference in 1930. to get his wife and young son. The work not only in Texas but in Old Mex­ 1621. This book which is one of the neer for the Gypsy Oil company at Caw, has returned from a trip to Paris. Be­ The duties of the athletic representa­ three left immediately to make their home ico as well. His address is care of Texas original copies of the second edition, is Oklahoma, visited In Colorado Springs, sides gay Paree, Jack visited in the tive consists chiefly in determining the in Texas. Purdum is with the Oii Well Company, S. A., Apt. 2635, Mexico, D. the first complete and systematic treatise Kansas, and Denver while vacationing southern portion of France. His com­ eligibilities of the members of the var­ Supply Company and says he likes his F. He Visited at Mines recently. on mining and metallurgy ever written. this summer. panion on the trip was Karl Kithill, Ex- ious teams. According to the rules of work fine. Mrs. Purdum was prominent '30, who decided to stay in Europe and Silas Kobey, '29, who has been test The author is Agricola, which is the in the affairs of the Dames Club while Ken Bowie, '30, is one of several of operator, San Francisco Mines of Mexico, the conference, a player must not only be last year's graduates who have gone to be a correspondent for the Paris edition Latinized form of the German name eligible to participate in a sport at the her husband was at Mines. of the New York Herald. He is spend­ Ltd., 1603 Matamoris, Laredo, Texas, is, Bauer. He was born in 1490, and was the Oklahoma oil fields. Ken is stationed back in Colorado, and spent a day at beginning of the season, but weekly re­ Ermite Caster, '25, who' is with the Em­ ing most of his time in Norenburg, Ger­ one of the foremost scholars of his time. at Asher, Oklahoma, gasoline division of Mines, September 23, ports must be made on his scholastic pire Oil and Refining Company of Madi­ the Empire Oil and Refining Co, many. Robert "Red" Wells, '28, and Agricola made the first attempt to re­ work. son, ICansas as production engineer, re­ Paddleford met on the streets of New S. P. Warren, '13, who is on a year's duce to scientific order the knowledge Floyd Carr, '30, Box 877, Seminole, Last fall not a single player was de­ turned to the campus for a visit the first York City by chance not long ago. Wells leave of absence from the Mines faculty won by practical work. He wrote in Oklahoma, has cast his lot with the Sin­ is in the office of Ingersoll-Rand. and is teaching at Queen's College, clared ineligible before a game—and It of September. Latin, which was the language of the is hoped that such will be the case again clair Oil and Gas company and writes Kingston, Quebec, drove 1,700 miles to educated in the Middle Ages. John Adamson, '21, came back to the that he is enjoying his work. Naturally A. S. MacArthur, '27, and his wife make a ten days' visit with his family. this year. The first edition was written in Latin, good old U. S. A. on his three months' he is interested in football prospects at made a stopover at Mines on their way He arrived in Golden, September 20. leave from his work with the Braden Mines. They're pretty good Floyd, but to Silverton where he has accepted a whicb was the language of the educated G. C. Weaker, '26, was a visitor in in the Middle Ages. The book was Copper Co. at Rancagua, Chile, and spent we could still use you again. position as mine superintendent. The the President's office in September. He translated into English by President and part of his vacation renewing friendships MacArthurs have been living in Butte. at Mines. Joe Maxivell, '30, went to Oklahoma had just returned to the States after Mrs. Herbert Hoover in 1912. Walt Lofgren, '28, was a dinner guest having spent the past three years in Peru with Ken Bowie and for a time they This original volume printed in Latin 0. D. Brooks, '30, is working in Texas, at the Sigma Nu house several weeks with the Cerro de Pasco Corporation. On were in the same plant but Joe has been was presented to the Coiorado School of His address Is La Salle Hotel, Bryan, ago. Lofgren is another Mines man who his return home, he went to Europe for a transferred to the Wilson plant of the Mines by the late D. W. Brunton, Texas. has gone with Ingersoll-Rand. He is three months' tour. Since that time he Empire Oil and Refining company near honored Colorado Mining Engineer. Rustam-Daugherty IV. S. Le

Explosives Engineer Publishes Homecoming Day October 25 Separation of Quartz and Reprints of Articles on (Citittiiiii^il from page 14) Feldspar by Flotation Other features wiil be a history of IVIines football in In connection with the work done by the Bureau of Foremanship the early days; A review of the previous encounters with Mines, it w^as found that carefully controlled minute the comparatively young Teachers' College team; A short amounts of certain reagents would cause the feldspar par­ The Explosives Engineer, published by the Hercules history of Brooks Field; Plans for expanding athletics at ticles to float and did not afifect the quartz similarly. By Powder Company, is publishing the entire series of Doctor Mines, and others. this treatment 90 per cent of the feldspar of a quartz- Rutledge's lectures on mine foremanship. These lectures Turn to the announcement page in the front of this feldspar ore was floated and this flotation product con­ appeared in serial form in the Explosives Engineer. Magazine for the program of homecoming day. tained more than 90 per cent feldspar. The necessary Built with The reprint of these authoritative mine foremanship quantities of the reagents range from a few hundredths to your job in mind: articles will be bound and distributed by the Explosives one-half pound per ton of ore. These reagents are all Engineer, Wilmington, Delaware. Chief Petroleum Economist relatively inexpensive and are easily obtained. The articles deal with the attributes of the successful Further work is to be done on this problem, and later DFC mine foreman, and they have aroused much interest among The appointment of E. B. Swanson as Chief Economist the results will be published in the form of a Bureau of men connected with the mining industry. of the Division of Petroleum Economics of the United Mines technical paper. La1>oratox'y These articles in themselves are equal to an extension States Bureau of Mines, is announced by Scott Turner, 1« v ^ Director of the Bureau. Mr. Swanson has been ser\'ing as course in mine foremanship from any school. Unless the advertiser succeeds in making a deeper and >T^HIS essential equipment has acting chief of the division since October, 1928. He is a deeper impression upon the minds of those who read his graduate of the University of Washington and did graduate advertising, his message wall suffer the fate of the seed 1 many special features of opera­ Frederick F. Smith, assistant director of sales, explosives work in economics at the Robert Brookings Graduate blown upon barren rock. As the volume of advertising in­ department, Hercules Powder company, succumbed to an School in Washington, D. C. Other recent personnel creases so increases the need of Penetration in advertising. tion and design. Fineness of material illness of just a few days on September 6. His death was changes in the Petroleum Economics Division of the Bureau Penetration is needed not only to win a place in the crowd­ handled is controlled by a simple ar­ attributed to a heart attack. include the promotion of G. R. Hopkins from Associate ed and besieged minds of modern men and w^omen; but Petroleum Economist to Economic Analyst and of A. H. what is more important—to hold that place if considera­ rangement of removable shims. A turn Redfield from Assistant Scientist to Associate Economic tion, desire and action are to follow. of the hand nut loosens the stationary Analyst. —Chas. A. Clark, Presidetit of Cocks-Clark Engraving Co. The Petroleum Economics Division was established as a jaw and the movable jaw lifts out. unit in the Economics Branch of the Bureau of Mines on Crusher jaws pivot from the center January 1, 1926, at which time H. H. Hill, chief engineer of the Petroleum and natural Gas Division of the Tech­ Index to Advertisers and are reversible for double life and nologic Branch, was designated to serve as Chief of the longer wear. Frames are one piece and Petroleum Economics Division during its formative period. Future work of the Petroleum Economics Division will the entire unit exceptionally sturdy. include additional studies of the distribution and utiliza­ PAGE Send for complete information. tion of petroleum products, according to C. P. White, chief L. G, Balfour Company 35 of the Economics Branch of the Bureau. The appointment Card Iron Worlcs 40 of additional personnel to conduct these new studies is an­ Coiorado Fuel & Iron 8 Colorado Blue Print Company 33 ticipated. Mr. White stated that a number of problems Colorado Centra! Power Co 32 related to distribution and utilization are under considera­ Colorado Transcript 32 SIEVES Only accurate, tion and that final selection and appointment of additional Cocks-Clark Engraving Company 38 bronze ot brass personnel may be expected within a short time. Colorado Iron Works Company 41 cloth is used Climax Molybdenum Company 3^ and this is CUPEL Denver Equipment Company 40 mounted on MACHINE Denver Fire Clay Company 39 s ubs tantiaL Complete with ALBERT G. FISH, Pres. & Treas. IRA C. BOWER, Sec. frames that nest i n terchange- DuPont Powder Company 3 together nicely, able dies and Denver Sewer Pipe & Clay Company 4 FiiroishedinS" bushings for all Franco-Wyoming Oil Company 31 and 12" diam­ sizes from l"to Flexible Steel Ladng Company 41 eters, and from 2" cupels. General Electric Company 44 10to200inesb. Gardner-Denver Company i 45 Golden Fire Brick Co 32 Ingersoll-Rand Company 48 Inspiration Cons. Copper Company 33 JelFerson County Republican 32 Kistler Stationery 4 SAMPLER Monterrey Section, C. S. M. Alumni Assoc 34- This sampler has easily cleaned di­ Mine & Smelter Supply Company 46 vision channels Midwest Steel & Iron Company 38 constructed for National Fuse & Powder Company 32 quick, easy sam­ Patters on-Ballagh Corporation 47 pling. Sells com­ Professional Cards 42-43 plete with 4 pans, scoop and brush. Reading Iron Company 7 Robinson's Book Store 32 Rubey Nacional Bank 32 Stonehouse Signs 2 STRUCTURAL STEEL and ORNAMENTAL IRON Time 5 Traylor Vibrator Company 2 THE MIDWEST STEEL and IRON" WORKS COMPANY (Incorporated) United Verde Copper Company 33 DENVER fP^9| COLO.U.S,A. U. S. Foundries 33 Office No. X5 Larimer Street, DENVER Branch Plant P. O. Box 1184, PUEBLO, COLO. Wilfley Centrifugal Pump Company 41 BRANCHES AT SALT LAKE CITY, EL PASO, AND NEW YORK The C. S. M. Magazine GENUINE Dupont Releases Films ALLIGATOR Announcement is made by E. I. du Pont de Nemours TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFFICE & Company of the release of the fourth of their series of STEEL BELT LACING A Class motion picture films produced for exhibition before the engineers and engineering students of the country. The Centrifugal Sand Pumps The teeth of Alligator Steel Belt lacing penetrate from both sides new film is entitled "Blasting the Water Highways of PATENTED America" and shows the work being done in New York of the belt and are clinched into "NKVKR a vise-like grip. The working belt Harbor and the Great Lakes to keep these waters safe for load is distributed evenly among LKTS navigation. the pumps without a stuffing box all burden-rbearing belt fibres- GO" Internal friction of belt ends is Three films in this series have already been released as prevented. This smooth, follows: In 1927, "Building New York's Newest Sub- separable hinged joint^ w^ay"; in 1928, "Driving the Cascade Tunnel"; and in has long 1:'^ greatsurp j^'-* 1929, "Hydroelectric Power Production in the New strength. South". They have all been shown in every state in the Union to thousands of engineers. The current release adds a picture of submarine work far the Fam6^S^ The mining engineer who was graduated 37 to the library and should be of interest because of the Alligator stamped on: years ago had his diploma framed the same year unusual problems which are encountered. Animated graphs tbe lacing and the yellow labelled box we started making Card Mine Cars, are used to make clear what is going on under the surface of the water, while actual photographs depict the drill Mining men from Cohalt to Sonora can give boats at work, the loading of the explosives into stove plenty of reasons for standardizing on Card pipes, for lowering into the water, the actual "shot", the dredges lifting the broken material from the river bed to Alligator Steel Belt Lacing is suitable for all haulage equipment, but they'll tell you one types and thicknesses of belting. the waiting scows and the methods used in determining : Standard of the Mining Industry reason is sufficient— \n eleven sizes of lacing are furnished with metal hinge pins, unless the correct depth of the channels. An interesting feature ered ocherwise. Metal outwears other tyfes of pins and does not also is the maintenance of water storages for the dynamite en under moisture. ^*Low Cost Per Ton Mile Haul Sold throughout the world and its delivery to boats in operation. FLEXIBLE SJEEL LACING .CO. This film is one reel in length, requires fifteen minutes 28 Lexington Street Chicago, U, S. A, C • S • Card Ironworks for showing and is available in either standard or amateur In England at 135 FiTisbni7 Pavement, London. E. C. 2 size film. This subject as well as any of the others men­ Denver tioned above will be loaned, free of charge, to any interest­ CTW ed party upon application to the Motion Picture Bureau of E. I, du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc, at Wil­ mington, Delaware, ARTHUR C. DAMAN, 'IS FRANK E. BRIBER, '16 Bituminous to Anthracite THE LOWDEN DRYER A new process whereby bituminous coal can he converted FOR FLOTATION CONCENTRATES into a high-grade anthracite coal on a commercial basis has A Lowden Patent Dryer will enable you to ship dry been invented by Clarence S, Lomax according to press STANDARD THE WORLD OVER concentrates. It will save you freight losses due to ship­ reports, A plant for the conversion process was opened ping water. With the Lowden Dryer you can reduce the August 16 in Chicago, moisture content as low as desired. Most important of The new process was developed after eight years' ex­ all, it dries without dusting, and therefore absolutely perimentation, and it is said to duplicate in a few^ hours without dust losses. The Lowden dries those sticky, the work of millions of years by Nature. Low tempera­ troublesome concentrates—which formerly caused so much ture carbonization is the secret. extra labor—^both rapidly and efficiently, The factory manufacturing the product has a capacity of 600 tons a day. The bituminous material has a vola­ A Lowden Dryer following a Rotary Filter forms a per­ tility of thirty per cent, but the new process reduces the fect combination for the finishing of concentrates. There volatility to twelve per cent, is no clogging or balling. The dried material is delivered in ideal condition for smelter treatment. The Lowden Lomax is the inventor of the coke oven and numerous Dryer docs away with all handling of material while in a other chemical inventions. sticky condition.

The use of the Lowden Dryer means the lowest costs for U* Civil Service Examination labor, maintenance and power. Lowden Dryers are made in a number of sizes and to meet any conditions as to Ask for namphlet 28-C, or hetter, send us full data on your The United States Civil Service Commission announces drying problems and permit us to make the followdng-named open competitive examination: capacity and moisture elimination. recommendations and quote prices. DENVER CONDITIONER OR AGITATOR METALLURGIST Has patented hood which lowers horsepower and permits the circula­ Of equal merit in their special fields, are the Impact Screen, Akins Classifier, Skinner Roaster, Colorado Rod and Ball tion of coarse material without choking, also air control and counter­ Applications for metallurgist must be on file with the Mills, Colorado Diaphragm Pump. balanced superstructure. U, S. Civil Service Commission at Washington, D. C, Write lor Bulletin 2903-C not later than October 29, 1930. The entrance salary is $3,800 a year. COLORADO IRON WORKS GOMPANY DENVER EaUIPMENT CO. Established 1860 i4tg trthw^et-^Denver. Colorado. This examination is to fill vacancies in the Departmental Service, Washington, D. C, and in the Federal classified MAIN OFFICE AND WORKS, DENVER, COLORADO. U. S. A. Telephone MAin +315 Cable "DECO' service throughout the United States, Head, Wrightson & Co., Ltd., Stockton on Tees, England Canadian Locomotive Co , Kingston, Ontario, Canada Clyde Engineering Co., Ltd., Granville, N, S. W, The C. S. M. Magazine for October, ig^o 42 43

JPro; fessionalard C ^ McAore Professional CardsE

A. E. ANDERSON, E.M. '04 FREDERICK B. HYDER, '03 W. G. SWART, HON,, '17 ROGER F. WHITE, '18 G. MONTAGUE BUTLER '02 JOHN H. WILSON, E,M., '23 E. I. DuPont de Nemonrs & Co., Inc. Mining Engineer—Certified Public Accountant Mining Engineer Consulting Petroleum Engineer Management Engineering—-Valuation of Mines—• Consulting Geologist and Geophysicist 701 Hoge Building Mining and Geological Engineer 711 Lonsdale Bldg. 804 Hellman Bank Bldg. Seattle, Washington Income Tax Specialist Dean College of Mines and Engineer­ 100 Montalvo Avenue, San Francisco, California DULUTH, MINNESOTA Los Angeles, Calif, Box 187 Golden, Colo. ing, University of Arizona, Tucson. Examinations and problems involving EDWARD P. ARTHUR, '95 persistence, change in character, and HARVEY MATHEWS, '13 JAMES UNDERHILL ELMER R. WILFLEY '14 HARRY J. WOLF, '03 loss of ore. Sales Engineer Mining Engineer Mining Engineer Wilfley Centrifugal Pumps Diamonds and other gems secured for Minera Stearns-Roger Manufacturing Co. Mining Engineer or their friends at reduced rates. Cripple Creek, Colo. Denver, Colorado Idaho Springs, Colo. Denver, Colo, 42 Broadway New York

MAX W. BALL FRED C. CARSTARPHEN, '05 MONTANA LABORATORY CO. WM. D. WALTMAN, '99 L B. WILLIAMS, '11 HARRY J. WOLF, '03 Consulting Petroleum Engineer SpecializinE in Design and Erection E. E. Blumenthal '98 Franco Wyoming Oil Company Aerial Tramways Williams Oil Well Flow Device Co, Manager, Co-operating Investors, Inc. First National Bank Building, Denver Consulting Engineer Chemist and Assayer 551 Fifth Avenue, New York City Specializing in' oil recovery by pressure control An Investment Trust Exchange National Bank Bldg., Tulsa 721 Marion St. Denver, Colo. Phillipsburg, Mont 422 First Nat. Bank Bldg., Denver 1912 S. Gary Ave. Tulsa, Oklahoma 15 Exchange Place Jersey City, N, J,

CHARLES N, BELL, '06 C. LORIMER COLBURN, '07 JOHN EDWARD NORMAN, '98 Mining Engineer Mining Engineer Mining Engineer C. A. Johnson Bldg. Denver, Colo. C. A, Johnson Bldg. Denver, Colo. 1267 Race Street Denver, Colo.

T. D. BENJOVSKY, '09 SHRIVE B. COLLINS, '01 ALFRED E. PERKINS, '10 District Manager Mining Engineer Consulting Mining Engineer CONSULTING ENGINEERS SALESMEN Crucible Steel Co, of America Salida, Colorado 1765 Glencoe Street Denver, Colo. 2635 Walnut Street Denver, Colo.

CARL A. BLAUROCK, '16 ARTHUR V. CORRY, '98 WARREN PROSSER Refiner of Precious Metals Member Corry and Morris District Manager Assayers Proof Gold and Siiver .9999 + Mining Engineers Federated Metals Corporation 522 Mack Bldg. Denver, Colo. Butte, Mont. U, S. Natl, Bk. Bldg, Denver, Colo. About Professional Cards JACK P. BONARDI, '21 A. E. CRAIG, '14 CHARLES M. RATH, '05 Sales Manager Metallurgical Engineer Petroleum Geologist and Appraiser Professional card space is limited to alumni, associate alumni members, and men intimately The Mine & Smelter Supply Co. Midwest Refining Co. Denver, Colo. The Mine & Smelter Supply Co. connected with our school. 225 Broadway, New York City DENVER, COLORADO Not available jor private ivork These two pages are read by 2100 engineers every month. What we are trying to drive FRANK C. BOWMAN, '01 MARSHALL D. DRAPER, E.M., '97 FRANK J. REINHARD, '05 home is just this: Your card here will attract many men with whom you may do business. Mining & Metallurgica! Engineer Mining and Metallurgical Engineer Equitable Life Assurance Society Since college associations are at once a natural bond there is a strong tendency even though • all 14-12 Franklin St., Apt. No. + 4+3 So. Peck Drive DENVER, COLORADO Beverly Hills, Caiif. Security Bldg. Denver, Colo. other things may not be equal to patronize those men whose interests are yours. It is only natural that an alumnus should preferably want to deal with another alumnus .... and a card on these pages provides just that proper amount of continual contact to insure the selection of LIONEL BROOKE, '14 OSCAR REYNOLDS, EX-'04 Mining Engineer DONALD DYRENFORTH, '12 Metallurgist services or materials when the proper time arrives. 824 Royal Bank Bldg. The Mine & Smelter Supply Co. THE DORR COMPANY DENVER Montreal, Canada Salt Lake City, Utah

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Specializing in umpire and control work All types of analytical and THOMAS S. HARRISON, '08 WILLIAM P. SIMPSON, '01 commercial problems Consulting Oil Geologist Root & Simpson Post Office Box No. 324 Metallurgical Chemists, Assayers 1901 Lawrence St. Denver, Colo. Encinitas, California Denver, Colo, GET THE BEST

Taking Electrical Convenience From or Man River

'T^HE total capacity of waterwheel generators built by General Electric in the last ten years is more than enough to supply light and power for Rock-drills and other Compressed Air Equip­ twenty cities of one million population. ment for your mine and be sure of more Join m in the General 'Electric Installed in power houses along the waterways, holes per day, deeper rounds and lower costs. program, broadcast every Saturday Gardner-Denver products are giving satisfac­ evening on a nation-wide N.B.C. these machines transform the strength of mighty network rivers into useful electric energy for homes, for tory^ money-saving service throughout the world industry, and for transportation. wherever mining is carried on. Ask our repre­ GENERAL The vision and skiU of college-trained men are sentative in your district to tell you of the latest largely responsible for the continuing leadership G-D equipment for reducing mining costs. ELECTRIC of General Electric in its service of furnishing GARDNER-DENVER COMR^NY machines and devices that provide the swift, sure QUINCY, ILL. DENVER, COLO.

convenience and the economy of electricity — on S«Ui Ojptc, Ibwiiglwul ihc World land and sea and in the air.

95-736DH GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK GAHDIIER-DENVER FULLY PATENTED

lycos Wall Type Indicating Pyrometer witK Automatic Internal Cold, Junction Compensation

The

For Better Heat Treatment gives the PYROMETERS SURVEYING BAROMETERS pyrometers and Temperature Regulators are only two among HYGROMETERS dozens of Tycos Instruments ideally suited for use in the Mining POWER PLANT INSTRUMENTS Industry. Wherever there is Temperature, Pressure^ Vacuum or Humidity, Tycos Instruments will aid production by RVICE THERMOPYRES GREATEST MOLTEN METAL THERMOMETERS indicating, recording, or controlling them accurately. ANEMOMETERS ~T"HREE years ago Bettis Profectors were unknown. Today more than 310,000 have been As agents of the Taylor Indrument Companies and the Tycos line, we handle placed in service. Deep rotary drilling such as practiced in many fields would be impossible DRAFT GAUGES so many of these well-known products that it is impossible to list theui all were it not for Bettis Protectors. These simple rings of rubber prevent friction between drill here. They range from Fery Radiation Pyrometers to measure the highest pipe and casing. temperatures, to Surveying Barometers, Recording Barometers, and Anemometers which gauge tunnel wind velocity. They protect casing from wear, protect collars and tool joints, permit straigh+er drilling, assure better control of drilling, eliminate many fishing jobs, reduce vibration and result in many other economies.

Bettis Protectors are placed upon the drill pipe at or near the collar or tool joint. Engineers who ^\ AINE andQMELTER desire ful! details regarding the application of Bettis Protectors should write for a copy of the Bettis Catalog. It will be sent without obligation.

DENVER, COLORADO, U. S. A. PATTERSON-BALLAGH CORPORATION Manufacturers EL PASO, TEXAS NEW YORK CITY SALT LAKE, UTAH Insurance Exchanqi3 Bldg., Los Angelas, Calif. 410 San Francisco St. 225 Broadway 121 West 2nd, South BETTIS PROTECTORS

When PatronlzinB Advertisers Please Mention Colorado School of Minos Magazine mme pumps

•—^not delicately adjusted machines that have to be continually watched and babied—but sturdily-built pumps with a reputation for trouble-free performance under the most ex­ acting conditions. They are Cameron single-stage pumps, op­ erating in series and handling 3500 g. p. m. on a lift of over 300 feet. This is just one of the many successful Cameron installations in mines throughout the world.

lNGERSOIX-RA^ 1 A.S.Cair Branches or distributi For Canada Refer—C 10 Phillips

\V!jeii I'aLroniziiig Ad erlisers Please Alention Colorado School of Mines Maga?]