ENGINEERING
LEARNING GUIDE
FOR
BASIC PRE-WORK HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND
RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRA) REQUIREMENTS
VERSION: 2.0
IMPLEMENTATION DATE: March 2010
REFERENCE NUMBER: ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001
Anglo American – Platinum All Smelters
Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Guide title Basic Pre-Work Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment Requirements
LG reference ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 number
Version of this V2 document
Date of LG issue March 2010
Last revision date of September 2011 LG
Domain Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology
Your name
Date of this training
The facilitator
Smelters Standard Page 2 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
Anglo American – Platinum All Smelters
Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
CONTENTS
The following elements are contained in this learning guide:
Topic Page
Forward 4
Source references 4
Using this learning guide 5
Objective 5
Introduction 6
Understanding the MHSA Definitions of Hazard and Risk (Learning Outcome 1) 7 - 8
Understanding the MHSA requirements for HIRA (Learning Outcome 2) 9 -16
Hazard Identification Guide index for a Pre-Work HIRA (Learning Outcome 3) 16 -18
Procedure for conducting a Work Procedure HIRA (Learning Outcome 4) 19 – 20
A Change to the original scope of work requires a new HIRA (Learning Outcome 5) 21
Permit to Work (Learning Outcome 6) 22
General Control, PPE and Safety Equipment References (Learning Outcome 7) 23
Clearance to Work (Learning Outcome 8) 24
The Hazard of an uninformed team (Learning Outcome 9) 25
General discussion on Legal Requirements 26
Smelters Standard Page 3 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
FOREWORD BY MANAGEMENT
We at Anglo Platinum Smelters believe that all accidents and incidents can be prevented
Anglo Platinum holds Health and Safety as its highest value. Anglo Platinum Smelters have therefore implemented systems to promote safe and healthy working conditions.
Safety rules, equipment and other measures do not, in themselves, protect the worker, or those nearby. Continuous vigilance and safe working habits are of paramount importance in order for you to protect your health and safety.
We therefore, request that you make yourself conversant with the guide on Pre-Work Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (Pre-Work HIRA) and apply the principles before carrying out any work because you must ensure that the work you are about to carry out is safe for yourself and for your fellow workers.
Golden Rules to Remember:
Good communication skills always help to convey awareness to all the team members. Each Pre-Work HIRA should be done on the site where work will be conducted. Whenever you are doubt, do not hesitate to ask. Apply your mind to each reference point on the Clearance to Work and Pre-Work HIRA form. Remember no work is so important that it should be conducted in an unsafe manner.
SOURCE REFERENCES
In-company Standard Operating Procedures Subject matter experts MHSA reference
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
USING THIS LEARNING GUIDE Various methods are used in this learning guide to assist you, the learner, in becoming competent to carry out a Pre-Work HIRA.
Knowledge, Skills, Techniques (The Why, What, How and When) Specific outcome requirements are grouped to give information and details on the knowledge, skills and techniques applied in attaining competency to carry out a HIRA. In other words, the why, what, how and when to do a pre-work HIRA.
OBJECTIVE You will be learning towards the outcome “Identify Hazards and Assess the risks”. While learning towards this outcome you will be required to achieve the following specific outcomes: Explain what a hazard is. Explain the meaning of risk associated with the hazard. Explain the meaning of elimination of risk. Explain the meaning of controlling risk. Explain the meaning of minimising risks where in certain cases, the risk/s cannot be eliminated or controlled without the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Demonstrate knowledge of pre-work HIRA requirements. The importance of Pre-Work communication with your team.
You will be assessed, when you are confident that you may achieve the outcomes as listed, to determine your competency as measured against specific outcomes. This assessment will be in line with accepted best practices regarding assessment.
Smelters Standard Page 5 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
INTRODUCTION
It is of utmost importance that every employee should receive training in Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment because:
It allows you the employee to take appropriate action to prevent accidents and incidents that cause injury.
It empowers you to exercise your right / duty to participate in Health and Safety in the workplace
It builds self respect and pride of performance It is a legal requirement
SYMBOLS THAT ARE USED IN THIS LEARNING GUIDE:
This Symbol Indicates Important Health And Safety Information. This symbol indicates information for the learner and the trainer / facilitator to take note of. The information will normally be of a health and safety nature. Although the information may not be highly critical, it is important that an understanding of the information is established in order to allow correct and complete learning. This Symbol Indicates Learner Or Trainer / Facilitator Action. This symbol indicates to the learner and the trainer / facilitator that some action to further the understanding of the subject being dealt with should be performed. This Symbol Indicates Useful Information Covering The Subject
Being Dealt With. This symbol normally covers background information that will facilitate the learning process. This is especially so for the more “complex” issues.
Smelters Standard Page 6 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Outcome 1
UNDERSTANDING THE MHSA DEFINITIONS OF HAZARD AND RISK
Mine Health and Safety Act (MHSA) Definitions:
HAZARD: means a source of or exposure to danger
RISK: means the likelihood that occupational injury or harm to persons will occur (likelihood: state or fact of being likely ; Likely: to be reasonably expected)
Understanding the meaning of the MHSA’s definition of HAZARD (a hazard is a source of or exposure to danger)
Let us consider motor lubricating oil that is safely stored in its sealed can in an oil store:
Is the oil a source of danger? – no Is the fact that the oil is in its sealed can a source of danger? – no Is the position of the oil a source of danger? – no
Now let us consider the same oil in the case where it has been spilled on a walkway in a workshop:
Is the oil a source of danger? Yes Is the fact that the oil is out of its can a source of danger? – yes Is the position of the oil (spilled on the floor) a source of danger? – yes
What is the hazard in this case? The oil ; that is out of its can ; on the walkway in a workshop.
Understanding the meaning of the MHSA’s definition of RISK (a risk is the likelihood that occupational injury or harm to persons will occur)
Why did we answer “yes” to all of the above questions? Because there is a likelihood (one can reasonably expect) that someone will use the walkway and step into the oil that has been spilled.
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
What will happen if someone steps into the oil spill? There is the likelihood (one can reasonably expect) that the person who steps into the oil will slip and fall.
What will happen in the event of a person slipping and falling? There is a likelihood (one can reasonably expect) that there will be injury, it may only be a minor injury but slipping and falling could also result in a fatal injury. – we are not dealing with determining how badly the person will be injured but the likelihood that there will be injury. – we do not know how severe the injury may turn out to be but common sense tells us that slipping and falling in this case will result in injury. – the associated risk presented by the hazard in this case (the oil spill) is that of “injury due to slipping and falling”.
SELF TEST 1 Q1. In your own words describe a Hazard:......
Q2. Give two examples of possible hazards in your own work place:
1) ...... 2) ......
Q3. Link the risk/s associated with each hazard mentioned above:
1) ...... 2) ......
Smelters Standard Page 8 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Outcome 2 UNDERSTANDING THE MHSA REQUIREMENTS FOR HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRA).
A Pre-Work HIRA – Is a systematic process that requires hazards presented by work about to be performed to be identified before the work is carried out and the associated risk/s to be assessed in order to establish whether the risk/s can best be safely managed by (i) ELIMINATING THE RISK/S ; (ii) SAFELY CONTROLLING THE RISK/S AT SOURCE and (III) MINIMISING THE RISKS TO THE EXTENT THAT RESIDUAL RISKS CAN BE SAFELY CONTROLLED WITH PPE.
Once you have identified a HAZARD always ask yourself the following questions in the order in which the questions are presented: a) Can I eliminate the risk/s? b) If I cannot eliminate the risk/s, how can I control the risk/s at source? c) If I cannot completely control the risk/s at source, how can I minimise the risk/s? d) Insofar as risk remains – what PPE must I use to control the residual risk/s?
Smelters Standard Page 9 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
How can I eliminate a risk?
The only way to eliminate a risk is to remove the risk (at source) completely:
a) In the case of the oil spill in Learning Outcome 1: Completely cleaning up the oil spill would eliminate the risk
Other examples of eliminating a risk are as follows:
b) If there is material lying around that presents a tripping hazard; remove the risk of injury due to tripping and falling by removing the cause (the hazard i.e. the material lying about) of this risk.
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c) If there is a hole in a walkway into which people can fall; eliminate the risk of injury to persons due to falling by filling in the hole and levelling off the surface.
d) If there is a risk of people being injured as they walk out of their workshop because vehicles drive past the door of the workshop; eliminate the associated risk of injury due to being hit by a moving vehicle by building a roadway for vehicles that passes away from the area where people have to walk.
(Remember, if you have not removed the hazard – the associated risk has not been eliminated)
How can risks be controlled?
A good way to visualize effective control is to think about the MHSA requirement in this regard which states: control the risk at source.
Effectively controlling the risk at source (the hazard is the source of danger) invariably involves preventing contact with hazard.
If elimination is not possible; control the risk at source. How? - by preventing contact with the hazard.
Risks can be controlled by: (i) Design (ii) Procedure (iii) A combination of design and procedural controls.
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How do we control the risk by Procedure? A Procedure can be described as a set of one or more instructions on how a task must be carried out:
PPE signs instruct the worker that specific PPE must be worn when entering certain areas. An instruction by the person in charge of workers working above ground level to fasten tools such as spanners to their wrists by means of a wrist lanyard is effectively controlling the risk of injury as a result of tools falling but the actual wrist tie must be suitable for its purpose. What is the hazard in this case? – the spanner that can fall ; Where is contact made? - with the person that the spanner falls onto ; How is this contact prevented? – the wrist lanyard prevents the spanner from falling i.e. the risk is controlled at source because of the instruction given for the spanner to be fastened to the wrist. Traffic rules are a very good example of how the risk of injury due to contact between two moving vehicles is prevented and the risk of injury as a result of a pedestrian being struck by a moving vehicle is prevented.
How do we control a risk by design: Controlling a risk by design is the process of placing a physical barrier, of known strength in a position that will contain a hazard and/or or prevent contact with a hazard.
Examples include:
Handrails installed at the edge of a raised floor: In this case the hazard is the raised edge from which persons could fall and the associated risk is that of injury due to falling. Contact with the edge is prevented by the installed handrails that now form a barrier that prevents contact with the hazard (i.e. the risk is controlled at source – the edge from which a person could fall). Bolting a guard around a moving pulley so that nobody can touch the pulley. In this way contact with the hazard (the moving pulley) is prevented and the associated risk of injury is controlled.
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Temporary hard barriers or fences will prevent access into areas where excavation work is in progress.
How do we control a risk by a combination of procedural and design controls:
Let us consider a white line painted in the middle of the road to prevent overtaking:
The white line is a permanent marking placed (painted/installed) by design at sections of a road that are blind to oncoming traffic – procedurally, a driver is taught that he/she may not cross over the white line for the purpose of overtaking. The risk of injury resulting from a head-on collision is thus being controlled by a combination of procedure and design controls - the hazard being a road section blind to oncoming traffic.
Other examples of controlling a risk by a combination of procedural and design controls are as follows:
An instruction in the car of a lift that indicates the maximum permissible number of persons allowed to use the lift: The lift is designed to handle a certain number of persons safely – the sign is the procedure (instruction) controlling the maximum number of persons permitted in the lift's car at any time. Thus the risk of injury due to component failure (lift overloading) is controlled by a combination of procedural and design controls. Black and yellow chevron tape pulled across an entry into a building where the flooring may be unsafe: The Black and yellow chevron tape has been pulled across the entry, tied and left in at a conspicuous height and is designed to alert people to the fact that it is dangerous and not permitted to cross beyond the “tape line” – all smelter workers are taught that the black and yellow chevrons represent an instruction not to cross beyond the tape line.
What is better: to control a risk by procedure? or to control a risk by design?
It is always better to control a risk by design.
ie (i) a handrail will always stop people from falling off an edge but an instruction not to come to close to an unguarded edge may sometimes be forgotten or ignored.
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(ii) It is far better to place a guard around a moving belt drive than to instruct (even if we procedurally train and instruct) persons not to place there body parts in the nip points of a belt drive system.
Sometimes we are forced to combine procedural controls with design controls but the closer we get to controlling by design, the more effective the control becomes.
i.e. tying tools to a wrist lanyard when working at heights is only as effective as the method by which the lanyard is applied to the wrist and the method by which the tools are tied to the lanyard but working from in an area from which tools cannot fall below may not be practicable under the circumstances.
What is meant by MINIMISE the risk and INSOFAR AS RISK REMAINS – provide for PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)?
Let us consider a boilermaker who carries out routine electric welding work in a workshop where several other people work at the same time.
The boilermaker knows that the arc generated while he/she carries out the welding work could cause eye injury to each person in the vicinity of the work, so the boilermaker minimises the amount of people exposed to the arc by placing light restricting shields around the workplace where he/she carries out the electric arc welding. The boilermaker also places a sign warning persons not to enter into the workplace beyond the safety of the light restricting shields that are placed around this workplace.
The boilermaker has now minimised the number of persons exposed to the excessive light while he/she carries out the electric arc welding. In fact the number of persons exposed to the welding arc has been MINIMISED and restricted to only the boilermaker.
But although the risk has been minimised, the boilermaker remains exposed to the risk. This residual risk can be safely controlled by the correct use of PPE i.e. the boilermaker carries out the welding while wearing a face shield that is fitted with a light absorbing shield.
The boilermaker, according to his/her training also makes use of additional PPE (Leather gloves, spuds apron etc.) as personal protection for welding splatter – other people are not exposed to this splatter because they are restricted from entering the workplace where the welding is being carried out.
Other examples minimising the risk and controlling exposure to residual risk by means of PPE (minimise the risk and insofar as risk remains - provide for PPE) are as follows:
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The risk of injury from contact with a bench grinder is minimised by enclosing the rotating grinding wheel in an effective guard and by leaving a small gap open above the “bit rest” to carry out the grinding. The person carrying out the grinding is taught how to apply the bit to the wheel without causing excessive impact or pressure. Thus the risk of injury has been minimised both procedurally and by design. There remains however, the risk of eye injury because of hot sparks being projected from the grinding that takes place – this residual risk is safely controlled by the mandatory use of safety glasses while carrying out grinding. A person who must work within two metres of a raised unguarded edge (two metres or higher than the floor below) will first of all restrict other persons from having access to the edge by placing barriers (or barrier tape) around the edge that prevents unauthorised access to the edge. Thus the risk of injury due to falling from the edge has been minimised to the worker (and his/her assistant) who must work in this unguarded position. The worker’s training is such that he/she will probably not fall of the edge but there always remains the risk that the workers may loose awareness of their position/s and fall from the unguarded edge. This risk of injury, although minimised is thus controlled by the mandatory use of a safety harness with its lanyards attached to an approved anchoring point while the work is being carried out.
Note: In the case where risks have been minimised, PPE must always be used to control any residual Risk.
Confirming the learner’s UNDERSTANDING of the MHSA requirements for a Pre- Work HIRA.
The following line diagram and terms should now make a lot more sense:
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SELF TEST 2
Q1 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is eliminated. …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q2 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is controlled. …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q3 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is minimised. …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q4 In your own words, describe how residual risk is controlled. …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Smelters Standard Page 16 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Learning Outcome 3
Hazard Identification Guide Index for a Pre-Work HIRA
The following Hazard Identification Guide Index tells us where hazards are most likely to be found and is very convenient when trying to identify hazards before work starts.
SELF TEST 3
Write down two jobs where hazards relating to each of the twelve hazard identification “pointers” in the aforementioned hazard identification guide index must be isolated.
1. Sudden release of compressed air, steam, pressurised gas or other source of stored energy that has not been isolated and locked out:
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Falling: from / onto / into / with / as a result of slipping or tripping -
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. “live" electrical conductors that have not been locked out -
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Entrapment or striking of: fingers / hands / any other body part / clothing while performing work:
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
5. Sparks and flying particles from: grinding / welding / flame cutting / machining and/or impact -
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Ignition of flammable and / or explosive substance -
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Struck by /Entrapment of body parts or clothing in: moving machinery that has not been isolated and locked out -
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Contact with, ingestion of, ingress of hazardous substance (including gas) through mouth, nose, eyes, ears and/or skin - ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Drowning or asphyxiation - ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Entrapment in confined spaces (together with all of the aforementioned). NOTE: The Engineering Foreman must facilitate a HIRA for confined space work - ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Struck by / Struck against by mobile machinery - ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Excessive Heat / cold / light / noise (from molten materials/inside vessel/welding etc.) - ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Learning Outcome 4 PROCEDURE (for conducting a work procedure HIRA) There are six basic requirements for carrying out a work procedure HIRA:
HIRA – Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment:
1) Define the complete scope of work. 2) Draw up a method statement, which breaks the scope of work down into individually, defined tasks. 3) Identify the hazards and assess the associated risk/s for each task. 4) Eliminate the risk/s where possible. 5) Where elimination is not possible, safely control the risk/s at source or minimise risk/s provided that insofar as any residual risk remains, the residual risk is safely controlled by the correct use of PPE. 6) Assign responsibility for eliminating, safely controlling at source or minimising the risks and insofar as risk remains, safely controlling the residual risk through the correct use of PPE.
A Pre-Work HIRA is a work procedure HIRA that is carried out by the Responsible Artisan/Person who has been assigned the responsibility to carry out work called for by a Works Order.
The pre-Work HIRA is carried out on the back of the Works Order
It is important to remember that no work may be carried out unless it is called for on a Works Order and each person assigned the work called for by a works order must conduct a Pre-Work HIRA for the work assigned to him/her. i.e. if a fitter needs a boilermaker to cut bolts for the removal of a guard, a separate Works Order must be issued for the cutting of the bolts and the boilermaker concerned who has been assigned this work must conduct his/her own Pre-Work HIRA for cutting the bolts.
Note:
It is the duty of the Responsible Artisan/Person to ensure that all his/her team members understand the risk control measures that affect the safety of his/her team members.
It is also the duty of the Responsible Artisan/Person to ensure that adequate risk control measures are in place to protect each person who may be affected by the work about to be undertaken.
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The Smelter’s Isolation, Lock-Out and Clearance to work procedure does not allow any work to take place unless the Responsible Operator in charge of the area where the work is required has approved the Pre-Work HIRA and Issues a “Clearance to Work” for the work.
SELF TEST 4
You have been given the job of removing a guard to examine the drive “V” belts between an electric motor and a slurry pump. Imagine you are at the pump and carry out a pre-work HIRA for the job you have been given –
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Learning Outcome 5 A new method statement must be drawn up and a new HIRA must be carried out for any changes that may occur before the original scope of work is completed.
It sometimes happens that a change is introduced into the original scope of work before it is completed.
This can happen for a number of reasons i.e. rusty bolts cannot be loosened with a spanner and need to be flame cut – a Hot Work Permit is now also required, “V” belts that were checked are found in need of replacement necessitating the complete removal of a guard etc.
Whenever a change is introduced into the original scope of work, the Responsible Artisan/Person must:
Have the Clearance to Work for the original scope of work cancelled by the Responsible Operator.
Draw up a new method statement that includes the change to the original scope of work and carry out a new HIRA for each task in the new method statement.
Obtain a Clearance to Work for the new scope of work that includes the change in the method statement from the Responsible Operator.
SELF TEST 5
Q – What is the Responsible Artisan/Persons duty if the original scope of work for which a method statement has been drawn up has to be changed? …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………
Smelters Standard Page 21 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
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Learning Outcome 6 PERMIT TO WORK The Responsible Operator, having a thorough knowledge of his/her area of responsibility, will not allow the following work to take place unless he/she is satisfied that the work will be done safely and has issued a Permit To Work for such work:
(i) Hot Work ; (ii) Work in a Confined Space or High Risk Location; (iii) Work affected by and which requires the isolation of a Hazardous Substance; (iv) Working at Heights; (v) Work requiring the erection and use of a Scaffold; (vi) Excavation Work; (vii) Work affected by and requiring the isolation of a Radio Active Source; and (viii) Work requiring the isolation of a standby power supply system. (ix) Work requiring a Frequent Isolation and Access Permit. (x) Work requiring an Isolation and Lockout Permit.
A Permit to Work for any of the above requirements is granted by the Responsible Operator on the back of the same job card as the one on which the Pre-Work HIRA has been conducted.
SELF TEST 6
Q - Why, in certain cases, is it necessary for the Responsible Operator to issue a Permit to Work in addition to granting a Clearance to Work?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Learning Outcome 7
General Control, PPE and Safety Equipment References.
In order to assist the Responsible Artisan/Person in carrying out a final control check, references made to HIRA control requirements, PPE and Safety Equipment.
It is the Responsible Artisan’s duty to make reference to and mark off the list items where appropriate.
The reference lists are merely a reminder of common PPE and safety requirements and must not be taken as a complete list of PPE and safety requirements – there may be other risk controls and PPE requirements that must be in place: these will be determined as the Responsible Artisan/Person conducts his/her Pre-Work HIRA.
The Responsible Operator’s duty is to check the completed Pre-Work HIRA and the above reference lists and advise/instruct the Responsible Artisan on further risk control measures to be taken because of his/her knowledge of the area about to be worked in.
SELF TEST 7
Q1 Who is responsible to make reference to the HIRA control requirements, PPE and Safety Equipment reference lists and mark off the list items where appropriate?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Q2 Who’s duty is it to check the completed Pre-Work HIRA as well as HIRA control requirements, PPE and Safety Equipment reference lists and advise/instruct the Responsible Artisan on further risk control measures to be taken because of his/her knowledge of the area about to be worked in?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Smelters Standard Page 23 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
Anglo American – Platinum All Smelters
Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Outcome 8 CLEARANCE TO WORK The Responsible Operator, being the person who has a thorough knowledge of the safety requirements and who is responsible for the general safety of persons within his/her area of responsibility has the right to allow work to be carried out or refuse to give permission for such work to be carried out in his/her area of responsibility.
After ensuring that all equipment affected by the work to be carried out is safely Isolated and Locked-Out, the Responsible Operator being satisfied that the work can be carried out safely, may approve and sign as such, the Clearance to Work; at the back of the Works Order issued to the Artisan/Person.
Upon completion of the work and after making sure that the “safe to operate” integrity of the equipment worked on has been re-established, the Responsible Artisan/Person must present the Clearance to Work issued for the work that has been completed accordingly, to the Responsible Operator for acknowledgement of work completed, cancellation and sign off.
SELF TEST 8
Q1 When is a Clearance to Work given?
…………………………………………………………………………………………… Q2 When is a Permit to Work given?
…………………………………………………………………………………………… Q3 In your own words, describe the difference between a Clearance to Work and a Permit to Work? …………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………
Smelters Standard Page 24 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
Anglo American – Platinum All Smelters
Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Outcome 9
The Hazard of an uninformed team.
The hazard of an uninformed team is one which remains with the Responsible Artisan and his team from the start of a job until it is completed.
The risk associated with the above hazard is obviously injury due to exposure to hazards while carrying out work.
The only effective control for this risk is for the Responsible Artisan/Person to inform his/her team:
of all the hazards that will be presented by the work; the associated risks and risk control measures; or measures taken to minimise risks and the PPE required.
SELF TEST 9
Q1 What hazard remains with the Responsible Artisan and his team from the start of a job until it is completed?
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Q2 What is the only effective control that the Responsible Artisan/Person can use to control the risk of one of his team members being injured due to exposure to hazards while carrying out work?
……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Smelters Standard Page 25 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012
Anglo American – Platinum All Smelters
Ref No ALLSM-EPR-ENG-SUP-0001 Date of Implementation March 2010 Version No 2.0 Last Revision Date September 2011
Learning Outcome 10
General discussion on Legal Requirements Mine Health and Safety Act (Act No. 29 of 1996) The most applicable objectives of the Act concerning HIRA are quite clear: (a) To protect the health and safety of persons at mines; (b) To require employers and employees to identify hazards and eliminate, control and minimise the risks relating to health and safety at mines:
Section 10 (1) (i) As far as reasonably practicable, every employer must -
(a) Provide employees with any information, instruction, training or supervision that is necessary to enable them to perform their work safely and without risk to health; and - (b) Ensure that every employee becomes familiar with work-related hazards and risks and the measures that are in place to eliminate, control and minimise those hazards and risks.
Section 11 Section 11 (1 and 2)
(i) Every employer must – (a) identify hazards to health or safety to which employees may be exposed while they are at work; (b) asses the risks to health or safety to which employees may be exposed; (c) record the significant hazards identified and risks assessed; and (d) Make those records available for inspection by employees.
(2) Every employer, after consulting with the Health and Safety Committee at the mine, must determine measures, including changing the organisation of work and the designed of safe systems of work, necessary to – (a) Eliminate any recorded risk/s; (b) Control the risk/s at source; (c) Minimise the risk/s; and (d) In so far as the risk remains – (i) Provide for personal protective equipment; and (ii) Institute a program to monitor the risk/s to which employees may be exposed.
Smelters Standard Page 26 of 26 This document is maintained on an electronic database. The printed version should be compared as it may be outdated. Date Printed: 30 September 2012