Status of Air Pollution Problems in the Stuttgart Region
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Corporation Corporation Status of air pollution problems in the Stuttgart Region Economic Development Economic Development POLIS - 31th May 2006 Holger Bach Stuttgart Region Economic Development Corporation Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Facts about Baden-Württemberg • State of Baden-Württemberg founded in 1952 • 3rd biggest state in Germany after Bavaria and Corporation Corporation Lower Saxony with • 35,752 square kilometres and • 10.680 million inhabitants • People in employment: 5 million • Baden-Württemberg with lowest unemployment rate in Germany (6,9 %, German average: 11,5 %) Economic Development Economic Development • Political structure within Baden-Württemberg: • 1,110 towns and municipalities • 44 counties • 13 regions (including Stuttgart Region with its own regional Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region parliament) Stuttgart Region Economic Development Corporation Stuttgart Region– InthemiddleofEurope Stuttgart Region – In the middle of Europe The Stuttgart Region... • the City of Stuttgart (State capital of Baden-Württemberg) and 5 surrounding counties (Ludwigsburg, Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Corporation Corporation Esslingen, Böblingen) • 179 towns and municipalities • 2.6 million inhabitants • 3.654 square kilometres (State of Saarland: 2.570 km2) Economic Development Economic Development 10 % 25 % 30 % Baden-Württemberg Region Stuttgart Area Inhabitants Gross domestic product On 10% of the area of Baden-Württemberg, 25% of the inhabitants make Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region 30% of the gross domestic product European and national law Corporation Corporation EU-policies for air quality (1996, 1999, 2000, 2002) Implementation in german law (2004) Consequently, binding legal limits are valid Transgression have to be avoid Economic Development Economic Development Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Situation Responsible is the Ministry of Environment of Baden- Corporation Corporation Württemberg which has delegated the task to the Regional Council of Stuttgart (Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart) On several points in the region measurements were executed The result was that the measurements were alarming high (in particular PM10 = fine particulate and NO2 = nitrogendioxide) Economic Development Economic Development The Regional Council drew up an Air Protecting Plan (Luftreinhalteplan) in December 2005 Further measurement results show that the legal limits described in the plan are not abided Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Measurement technology Corporation Corporation PM10 NO2 benzene, Economic Development Economic Development soot Passive collector Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Table of transgressions and current measurements NO2 PM10 May 29, 2006 May 28, 2006 transgressions since January 1, 2006 until May 29, 2006* transgressions* Measuring number maximum stations current maximum number > 200 µg/m3 number > 240 µg/m3 > 50 µg/m3 value date (2006) measurement value today (allowed 175 a year) (allowed 18 a year) (allowed 35 a yesterday year) Corporation Freiburg Corporation Schwarzwaldstraße 110 110 64 0 0 May 1 34 Mannheim Luisenring 104 104 49 0 0 May 11 33 Schwäbisch Gmünd Lorcher Straße 123 131 59 14 0 May 9 37 Stuttgart Hohenheimer Straße 161 161 82 153 50 May 8 51 Stuttgart Am Neckartor 139 147 86 357 124 May 7 75 Stuttgart Siemensstraße 200 200 75 79 10 May 7 47 Leonberg Grabenstraße 57 84 28 0 0 May 9 32 Ludwigsburg Friedrichstraße 113 120 68 27 4 May 10 58 Pleidelsheim Beihinger Straße 96 115 31 43 7 May 10 49 Reutlingen Economic Development Economic Development Lederstraße 80 80 35 0 0 May 8 34 Heidelberg Karlsruher Straße 73 80 52 0 0 May 11 24 Mannheim Mitte 80 90 69 0 0 May 7 31 Karlsruhe Mitte 85 85 44 0 0 May 9 31 Stuttgart Mitte 112 136 82 25 3 May 8 32 Freiburg Mitte 42 42 57 1 0 May 1 31 Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Actions In the Air Protection Plan are 36 individual measures. Corporation Corporation Actions in the following categories are possible: Restriction on driving, ban on driving Routing of traffic Avoidance of traffic, displacement of traffic Promotion of public transport Economic Development Economic Development Integrated traffic concepts New automotive technology Continious street cleaning Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Restriction on driving, ban on driving Ban on driving for trucks in Stuttgart (since January 2006) Corporation Corporation Ban on driving for vehicles of several defined groups Toll for trucks on the interstate roads (Bundesstraßen) (currently on motorways only) Speed limits Areas of traffic calming (Verkehrsberuhigung) Economic Development Economic Development Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Economic Development Corporation The problem Contributions to PM10-Emissions OffroadOffroad 2 %2 % KleinfeuerungenSmall firing systems 5 % 5 % MotorcyclesKrad < <1 1% % Corporation Corporation Heavy utility Schwere Nutzfahrzeuge vehiclessNfz 16 16 % % IndustrieIndustry LightLeichte utility Nutz- 2828 % % vehiclesfahrzeuge 3 %3 % Traffic Verkehr IndustrieIndustry & 35 % undTrade Gewerbe 33 % 33 % Motor car PKW 13 % 13 % Economic Development Economic Development Other sources 25 % GewerbeTrade 5% 5 % Offroad: shipping and air Sonstige nicht traffic, trains gefasste Quellen 27 % Other sources: devices, Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region machines, other vehicles Source: UMEG, statewide emission cadaster 2000 Natural and anthropogenic sources Source Particle size Corporation Corporation Natural Soil erosion 1 – 150 µm sources Sandstorms 1 – 150 µm Volcanic ash 0,005 – 150 µm Sea salt 1 – 20 µm Ashes of forest fires 0,005 – 30 µm Biogenic dust (pollen, spores of mildews, 2 – 50 µm excrements of mites) Anthropogenic Stationary burning (heating, generation of energy) 0,005 – 2,5 µm sources Mobile burning (traffic) 0,005 – 2,5 µm Economic Development Economic Development Smelting 0,1 – 30 µm Industrial processes (metal working industry) 0,005 – 2,5 µm Bulk material (e.g. building sites) 10 – 150 µm Cigarette smoke 0,02 – 10 µm Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Source: BMU, meeting of KRdL, April 19, 2005 Contributions to PM10-Immission pollution PM10PM10 dust Staubinhaltsstoffe contents PM10PM10 dust Staubinhaltsstoffe contents Corporation Corporation MeasuringHintergrundstation station Swabian MeasuringVerkehrsstation station Stuttgart Mountains(Schwäbische (few traffic) Alb) (much(Stuttgart-Verkehr) traffic) Sodium 4 % SodiumNatrium 5 5 % % Natrium 4 % EisenFerric 1 1 % % EisenFerric 32 %% Ammonium 3 % Ammonium 2 % SonstigeOther 3131 % % SulphateSulfat SonstigeOther Sulphate Sulfat 13 % 13 % 3535 % % 22 % Chlorid 22 % Chloride 1 % 1 % NitrateNitrat 7 % Economic Development Economic Development ChloridChloride 7 % 1 % 1 % OCOrganic Ca, K, Mg 10carbon % 10 % 1 % NitrateNitrat EC ElementaryEC 16 % OrganicOC 19 % 7 % carbon Elementary carbon18 % 18 % (soot) 16 % Ca, K, Mg carbon 1 % (soot) 7 % Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Contributions of NO2-Emissions Other sources 20 % Corporation Corporation Motor car 20 % Light utility vehicles 1 % Traffic Industry 16 % 56 % Small firing Heavy utility vehicles Economic Development Economic Development systems 8 % 30 % Air traffic < 1 % Trains 2 % Motorcycles < 1 % Shipping traffic 3 % Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Source: UMEG, statewide emission cadaster 2000 Comparison of the course of the year of “corresponding pollutants” Corporation Corporation Course mean value of a month of ozone and nitrogendioxide of measuring stations in Stuttgart in 2004 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 Economic Development Economic Development 20 Concentration in µg/m³ 10 0 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Stuttgart-Centre-Street NO2 S-Bad-Cannstatt NO2 S-Zuffenhausen NO2 S-Bad-Cannstatt Ozone S-Zuffenhausen Ozone Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Outlooks Outlooks In view of the legal limits of NO2 which are valid in 2010 there will be draw up an another air Corporation Corporation protection plan especially for NO2. Economic Development Economic Development The Stuttgart Region will execute actions in partnership with the automotive industry to trim the pollution from vehicles Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region Corporation Corporation Thank you for your attention! Economic Development Economic Development Holger Bach Stuttgart Region Economic Development Corporation Friedrichstrasse 10 70174 Stuttgart, Germany Phone: +49 711 – 22835-59 Fax: +49 711 – 22835-33 E-Mail: [email protected] Stuttgart Region Stuttgart Region .