WILLIAM the CONQUEROR (Davin C
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Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent
( 55 ) ODO, BISHOP OF BAYEUX AND EARL OF KENT. BY SER REGINALD TOWER, K.C.M.G., C.Y.O. IN the volumes of Archceologia Cantiana there occur numerous references to Bishop Odo, half-brother of William the Conqueror ; and his name finds frequent mention in Hasted's History of Kent, chiefly in connection with the lands he possessed. Further, throughout the records of the early Norman chroniclers, the Bishop of Bayeux is constantly cited among the outstanding figures in the reigns of William the Conqueror and of his successor William Rufus, as well as in the Duchy of Normandy. It seems therefore strange that there should be (as I am given to understand) no Life of the Bishop beyond the article in the Dictionary of National Biography. In the following notes I have attempted to collate available data from contemporary writers, aided by later historians of the period during, and subsequent to, the Norman Conquest. Odo of Bayeux was the son of Herluin of Conteville and Herleva (Arlette), daughter of Eulbert the tanner of Falaise. Herleva had .previously given birth to William the Conqueror by Duke Robert of Normandy. Odo's younger brother was Robert, Earl of Morton (Mortain). Odo was born about 1036, and brought up at the Court of Normandy. In early youth, about 1049, when he was attending the Council of Rheims, his half-brother, William, bestowed on him the Bishopric of Bayeux. He was present, in 1066, at the Conference summoned at Lillebonne, by Duke William after receipt of the news of Harold's succession to the throne of England. -
Who Is Queen Elizabeth II?
Who is Queen Elizabeth II? Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, was born on 21 April 1926 in Mayfair, London. She was the first child of The Duke and Duchess of York, who later became King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. The Queen’s birthday is officially celebrated in Britain on the second Saturday of June each year. This special day is referred to as ‘The Trooping of the Colour’. The Queen is also known as the British Sovereign. Trooping of the Colour Elizabeth’s Family In 1936, King Edward VIII stepped down from the throne. Elizabeth’s father was crowned King George VI. Her mother became Queen Elizabeth, and Elizabeth and her sister Margaret were now Princesses. Elizabeth’s Childhood Princess Elizabeth was taught at home, not at school. • She studied art and music and enjoyed drama and swimming. • When she was 11, she joined the Girl Guides. • Elizabeth undertook her first public engagement on her 16th birthday, when she inspected the soldiers of the Grenadier Guards. The Royal Family Elizabeth got married in Westminster Abbey on 20th November 1947, when she was 21 years old. Her husband Prince Philip, also known as the Duke of Edinburgh, was the son of Prince Andrew of Greece. In 1948, the Queen’s first child Prince Charles was born. Two years later Princess Anne was born. Elizabeth would go on to have two more children, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward in 1960 and 1964. Elizabeth Becomes Queen In 1952, when she was just 25, Elizabeth’s father King George VI died. -
Both of These Portraits Are of William the Conqueror!
The policies of William the Conqueror, king of England from 1066 until his death in 1087, may be largely responsible for eventually making Britain the most powerful nation in Europe. At the age of eight, William the Conqueror became duke of Normandy and later King of England. Violence plagued his early reign, but with the help of King Henry I of France, William managed to survive the early years. After the Battle of Hastings, in 1066, he was crowned king of England. He never spoke English and was illiterate, but he had more influence on the evolution of the English language then anyone before or since. William ruled England until his death, on September 9, 1087, in Rouen, France. Both of these portraits are of William the Conqueror! Born around 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France, William was an illegitimate child of Robert I, duke of Normandy, who died in 1035 while returning from a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. At only eight years of age, William became the new duke of Normandy. Violence and corruption-plagued his early reign, as the feudal barons fought for control of his fragile dukedom. A few of William's guards died and his teacher was murdered during a period of severe anarchy. With the help of King Henry I of France, William managed to survive the early years. King Henry I of France knighted William, still in his teens, in 1042. Taking a new stand on political events, William finally gained firm control of his duchy. By 1064 he had conquered and won two neighbouring provinces — Brittany and Maine. -
British Royal Banners 1199–Present
British Royal Banners 1199 – Present Geoff Parsons & Michael Faul Abstract The presentation begins with the (accepted) date of 1199, the death of King Richard I, the first king known to have used the three gold lions on red. It continues to show how King Edward III added the French Royal Arms, consequent to his claim to the French throne. There is then the change from “France Ancient” to “France Modern” by King Henry IV in 1405, which set the pattern of the arms and the standard for the next 198 years. The story then proceeds to show how, over the ensuing 234 years, there were no fewer than six versions of the standard until the adoption of the present pattern in 1837. The presentation includes pictures of all the designs, noting that, in the early stages, the arms appeared more often as a surcoat than a flag. There is also some anecdotal information regarding the various patterns. Anne (1702–1714) Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology, Washington, D.C., USA 1–5 August 2011 © 2011 North American Vexillological Association (www.nava.org) 799 British Royal Banners 1199 – Present Figure 1 Introduction The presentation begins with the (accepted) date of 1199, the death of King Richard I, the first king known to have used the three gold lions on red. Although we often refer to these flags as Royal Standards, strictly speaking, they are not standard but heraldic banners which are based on the Coats of Arms of the British Monarchs. Figure 2 William I (1066–1087) The first use of the coats of arms would have been exactly that, worn as surcoats by medieval knights. -
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Of Palaces, Hunts, and Pork Roast: Deciphering the Last Chapters of the Capitulary of Quierzy (a. 877) Martin Gravel Politics depends on personal contacts.1 This is true in today’s world, and it was certainly true in early medieval states. Even in the Carolingian empire, the larg- est Western polity of the period, power depended on relations built on personal contacts.2 In an effort to nurture such necessary relationships, the sovereign moved with his court, within a network of important political “communication centres”;3 in the ninth century, the foremost among these were his palaces, along with certain cities and religious sanctuaries. And thus, in contemporaneous sources, the Latin term palatium often designates not merely a royal residence but the king’s entourage, through a metonymic displacement that shows the importance of palatial grounds in * I would like to thank my fellow panelists at the International Medieval Congress (Leeds, 2011): Stuart Airlie, Alexandra Beauchamp, and Aurélien Le Coq, as well as our session organizer Jens Schneider. This paper has greatly benefited from the good counsel of Jennifer R. Davis, Eduard Frunzeanu, Alban Gautier, Maxime L’Héritier, and Jonathan Wild. I am also indebted to Eric J. Goldberg, who was kind enough to read my draft and share insightful remarks. In the final stage, the precise reading by Florilegium’s anonymous referees has greatly improved this paper. 1 In this paper, the term politics will be used in accordance with Baker’s definition, as rephrased by Stofferahn: “politics, broadly construed, is the activity through which individuals and groups in any society articulate, negotiate, implement, and enforce the competing claims they make upon one another”; Stofferahn, “Resonance and Discord,” 9. -
Tonbridge Castle and Its Lords
Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 16 1886 TONBRIDGE OASTLE AND ITS LORDS. BY J. F. WADMORE, A.R.I.B.A. ALTHOUGH we may gain much, useful information from Lambard, Hasted, Furley, and others, who have written on this subject, yet I venture to think that there are historical points and features in connection with this building, and the remarkable mound within it, which will be found fresh and interesting. I propose therefore to give an account of the mound and castle, as far as may be from pre-historic times, in connection with the Lords of the Castle and its successive owners. THE MOUND. Some years since, Dr. Fleming, who then resided at the castle, discovered on the mound a coin of Con- stantine, minted at Treves. Few will be disposed to dispute the inference, that the mound existed pre- viously to the coins resting upon it. We must not, however, hastily assume that the mound is of Roman origin, either as regards date or construction. The numerous earthworks and camps which are even now to be found scattered over the British islands are mainly of pre-historic date, although some mounds may be considered Saxon, and others Danish. Many are even now familiarly spoken of as Caesar's or Vespa- sian's camps, like those at East Hampstead (Berks), Folkestone, Amesbury, and Bensbury at Wimbledon. Yet these are in no case to be confounded with Roman TONBEIDGHE CASTLE AND ITS LORDS. 13 camps, which in the times of the Consulate were always square, although under the Emperors both square and oblong shapes were used.* These British camps or burys are of all shapes and sizes, taking their form and configuration from the hill-tops on which they were generally placed. -
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - C
Cambridge University Press 0521414113 - The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - c. 1024-c. 1198 Edited by David Luscombe and Jonathan Riley-Smith Index More information INDEX Aachen, 77, 396, 401, 402, 404, 405 Abul-Barakat al-Jarjara, 695, 700 Aaron, bishop of Cologne, 280 Acerra, counts of, 473 ‘Abbadids, kingdom of Seville, 157 Acre ‘Abbas ibn Tamim, 718 11th century, 702, 704, 705 ‘Abbasids 12th century Baghdad, 675, 685, 686, 687, 689, 702 1104 Latin conquest, 647 break-up of empire, 678, 680 1191 siege, 522, 663 and Byzantium, 696 and Ayyubids, 749 caliphate, before First Crusade, 1 fall to crusaders, 708 dynasty, 675, 677 fall to Saladin, 662, 663 response to Fatimid empire, 685–9 Fatimids, 728 abbeys, see monasteries and kingdom of Jerusalem, 654, 662, 664, abbots, 13, 530 667, 668, 669 ‘Abd Allah al-Ziri, king of Granada, 156, 169–70, Pisans, 664 180, 181, 183 trade, 727 ‘Abd al-Majid, 715 13th century, 749 ‘Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, 155, 158, 160, 163, 165 Adalasia of Sicily, 648 ‘Abd al-Mu’min, 487 Adalbero, bishop of Wurzburg,¨ 57 ‘Abd al-Rahman (Shanjul), 155, 156 Adalbero of Laon, 146, 151 ‘Abd al-Rahman III, 156, 159 Adalbert, archbishop of Mainz, 70, 71, 384–5, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ilyas, 682 388, 400, 413, 414 Abelard of Conversano, 109, 110, 111, 115 Adalbert, bishop of Prague, 277, 279, 284, 288, Aberconwy, 599 312 Aberdeen, 590 Adalbert, bishop of Wolin, 283 Abergavenny, 205 Adalbert, king of Italy, 135 Abernethy agreement, 205 Adalgar, chancellor, 77 Aberteifi, 600 Adam of Bremen, 295 Abingdon, 201, 558 Adam of -
Perrot Notes;
PERROT NOTES; O& SOME ACCOUNT OF THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF THE PERROT FAMILY. :BY ED\VARD LOWRY BARNWELL, M.A. JtintdJ fat tbe ·Q!:a;mhrian <!rrbreolagital '!ssociation. LONDON: .J. RUSSELL SMITH, 36, SOHO SQUARE. J. H. & J. PARKER, 377, STRAND. MDCCCLXVII. LONDON: T, BICHAitDB, 37, GREAT QUEli:N S'l'ltJ-;1;:'I', W.C, PREFACE. 'fHE Perrot" N otes,"which have ~lready heen published by the Cambrian Archreological Association in the Arckceolo9ia Oambrensis, are now reissued to the public, to the limited number of one hundred large paper copies. The subject may not be one of popular character; but by descendants of a famil"y once of no small distinction, and especially by those connected with- South Wales, they may be considered as not ' altogether devoid of local or personal interest. For so long a period did the family of l?errot flourish in Pembrokeshire, and so numerous ,vere i~s marriages ,vith the leading families of " little England beyond Wales," that there are fe,v descendants of those fan1ilies still remaining within the Principality, or else\vhere, ,vho are not connected by blood ,vith the Perrots. One object of the ,vriter of the "Notes" has been to correct the errors, and supply the deficiencies, ,v hich too frequently occur in n1ost of the printed or unprinted genealogies 'fhese corrections and additions have been effected partly by careful con1 parison of the various accounts, and partly by reference to deeds or . IV PREFACE. records, most of ,vhich had not been previously exa n1ined. Even if there may still remain errors, or doubt ful statements, in the "Notes," yet the present collec tion may, perhaps, claim the credit of being at least the n1ost complete, and least incorrect, of existing no.tices. -
A Note on the Marriagr of Richard Duke of The
140 MARRIAGJ<J OF RICHARD DUKE OF THE NORMANS. 141 It is unnecessary here to go into the mazes of conjecture which have been offered to explain some of these relationships, but it is impossible A NOTE ON THE MARRIAGR OF RICHARD DUKE OF to disregard the fmggestion of M. Fran~ois Isidore Licquet, in his THE NORMANS WITH ADELA OF FRANCE. Histoire de .Norrnanilie,4 that Adela of France mother of Matilda was not the same Adela who married the Norman duke Richard. His In the course of some recent enquiries into the gencu.!ogy of the ground for this, passing by his contention, doubtless just, that the Norman Counts of Rauen, it wu ..'! observed that modern writers have Norman bride wns plainly of mnrri11goablcage, is in brief that the very genemlly set forth the statement tlmt the fifth Count 01· Duke of marriage covenant of thnt bride clons not specially assert her royal the Normans, Richard III surnamed the Y uu11g or Junior, wu ..'l parentage; nor, in words, say anything about her parentage, which is married or contracted to Adela, -fi1Lughter of Hobert the Devout, King at best only 1t negative argument. He might have added that the of France. It seems that this statement is the result of a curious Flemish chroniclers, who are not very easily read, do not apparently cornbination of misapprehensions, and that grounds can be found for mention anywhere that the French Adela Countess of Flanders had rejecting the assertion as an impossibility. been previously married to the Norman, but that is only in accordance There is not much doubt that in this case no small part of the with the usual practice of tlmt period, as illustrated by the Encomium difficulty arises from the fact that very little can be known of these Emnu», which amongst other similar flatteries terms that mother personages. -
Copyrighted Material
33_056819 bindex.qxp 11/3/06 11:01 AM Page 363 Index fighting the Vikings, 52–54 • A • as law-giver, 57–58 Aberfan tragedy, 304–305 literary interests, 56–57 Act of Union (1707), 2, 251 reforms of, 54–55 Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen of reign of, 50, 51–52 William IV, 268, 361 Alfred, son of King Aethelred, king of Áed, king of Scotland, 159 England, 73, 74 Áed Findliath, ruler in Ireland, 159 Ambrosius Aurelianus (Roman leader), 40 Aedán mac Gabráin, overking of Dalriada, 153 Andrew, Prince, Duke of York (son of Aelfflaed, queen of Edward, king Elizabeth II) of Wessex, 59 birth of, 301 Aelfgifu of Northampton, queen of Cnut, 68 as naval officer, 33 Aethelbald, king of Mercia, 45 response to death of Princess Diana, 313 Aethelbert, king of Wessex, 49 separation from Sarah, Duchess of York, Aethelflaed, daughter of Alfred, king of 309 Wessex, 46 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 57, 58, 63 Aethelfrith, Saxon king, 43 Anglo-Saxons Aethelred, king of England, 51, 65–66 appointing an heir, 16 Aethelred, king of Mercia, 45, 46, 55 invasion of Britain, 39–41 Aethelred, king of Wessex, 50 kingdoms of, 37, 42 Aethelstan, king of Wessex, 51, 61–62 kings of, 41–42 Aethelwold, son of Aethelred, king of overview, 12 Wessex, 60 Anna, queen of Scotland, 204 Aethelwulf, king of Wessex, 49 Anne, Princess Royal, daughter of Africa, as part of British empire, 14 Elizabeth II, 301, 309 Agincourt, battle of, 136–138 Anne, queen of England Albert, Prince, son of George V, later lack of heir, 17 George VI, 283, 291 marriage to George of Denmark, 360–361 Albert of -
A General History of the Burr Family, 1902
historyAoftheBurrfamily general Todd BurrCharles A GENERAL HISTORY OF THE BURR FAMILY WITH A GENEALOGICAL RECORD FROM 1193 TO 1902 BY CHARLES BURR TODD AUTHOB OF "LIFE AND LETTERS OF JOBL BARLOW," " STORY OF THB CITY OF NEW YORK," "STORY OF WASHINGTON,'' ETC. "tyc mis deserves to be remembered by posterity, vebo treasures up and preserves tbe bistort of bis ancestors."— Edmund Burkb. FOURTH EDITION PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR BY <f(jt Jtnuhtrboclur $«88 NEW YORK 1902 COPYRIGHT, 1878 BY CHARLES BURR TODD COPYRIGHT, 190a »Y CHARLES BURR TODD JUN 19 1941 89. / - CONTENTS Preface . ...... Preface to the Fourth Edition The Name . ...... Introduction ...... The Burres of England ..... The Author's Researches in England . PART I HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL Jehue Burr ....... Jehue Burr, Jr. ...... Major John Burr ...... Judge Peter Burr ...... Col. John Burr ...... Col. Andrew Burr ...... Rev. Aaron Burr ...... Thaddeus Burr ...... Col. Aaron Burr ...... Theodosia Burr Alston ..... PART II GENEALOGY Fairfield Branch . ..... The Gould Family ...... Hartford Branch ...... Dorchester Branch ..... New Jersey Branch ..... Appendices ....... Index ........ iii PART I. HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL PREFACE. HERE are people in our time who treat the inquiries of the genealogist with indifference, and even with contempt. His researches seem to them a waste of time and energy. Interest in ancestors, love of family and kindred, those subtle questions of race, origin, even of life itself, which they involve, are quite beyond their com prehension. They live only in the present, care nothing for the past and little for the future; for " he who cares not whence he cometh, cares not whither he goeth." When such persons are approached with questions of ancestry, they retire to their stronghold of apathy; and the querist learns, without diffi culty, that whether their ancestors were vile or illustrious, virtuous or vicious, or whether, indeed, they ever had any, is to them a matter of supreme indifference. -
No. 104 William M. Aird, Robert Curthose Duke Of
H-France Review Volume 12 (2012) Page 1 H-France Review Vol. 12 (August 2012), No. 104 William M. Aird, Robert Curthose duke of Normandy (c. 1050-1134). Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2008. xx + 328 pp. Abbreviations, maps, genealogy, bibliography, and index. $99.00 U.S. (hb). ISBN 1-84383-310-9; $34.95 U.S. (pb). ISBN 1-8483-660-5. Review by Stephanie Mooers Christelow, Idaho State University. In this work, William Aird offers an account of the life and struggles of Robert Curthose, William the Conqueror’s eldest son, would-be king of England, and challenged duke of Normandy. This is the first biography of the duke since that published nearly a century ago by C. W. David in 1920 and one the few treatments to appear in print during the late twentieth century, although landmark studies of Robert’s brothers and kings of England, William Rufus (1087-1100) and Henry I (1100-1135), contain significant analyses of Curthose and Normandy during their reigns.[1] The most influential twelfth-century historian is Orderic Vitalis, a monk of St- Évroul, Normandy who portrayed Robert Curthose as lazy, pathetic and inept [2], a depiction accepted by C. W. David. David argued that Robert Curthose’s failures rested on his deficient temperament and his actions endangered the stability of one of France’s most important principalities. However, as a result of his thorough and meticulous research, Aird finds it necessary to counter these negative images of the duke. He contends that Curthose was a skilled diplomat, a good governor, a pious Christian and a heroic crusader, and he sets out to establish Robert’s good character through a review of the surviving evidence.