DOCSLIB.ORG

Technology Review Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Technology Review Vol ADVENTURES IN TRACKING ONLINE ANONYMITY VOL. 118 NO. 1 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2015 $6.99 troll hunters page 50 JF15_cover.indd 1 12/5/14 11:33 AM Fuel SUPER powerful advances. Biotech is more than just a job. It’s a mission to feed, fuel and heal the world. And there’s no better place to connect with biopharma’s top people and most innovative technologies than at BIO 2015 in Philadelphia, June 15 - 18. The ideas and information shared at BIO go beyond professional development. You’ll experience powerful business partnering, benefit from invaluable education sessions and have the chance to network with 15,000 of the industry’s best and brightest from 65 countries around the world. Learn more at convention.bio.org #BIO2015 Untitled-3 2 12/9/14 5:07 PM SUPERcharge your BIO experience. convention.bio.org Untitled-3 3 12/9/14 5:07 PM MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. 118 | NO. 1 TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM From the Editor in “the troll hunters” (page 50), a marketplace of ideas are mostly com- Adrian Chen writes, “Old-school hate is fortable with such a limited constraint. having a sort of renaissance online, and But others are not so comfort- in the countries thought to be furthest able (see “Q&A: Shanley Kane,” page beyond it. The anonymity provided by 26). Threats are seldom prosecuted, the Internet fosters communities where because words are slippery things and people can feed on each other’s hate.” anonymous trolls cannot be found eas- Chen reveals the scale of näthat ily. More, the harm principle is not (“Net hate”) in Sweden, a country known simply extended to harassing speech for its tolerance, where anonymous post- that seeks to oppress or silence minori- ers to websites nonetheless rage against ties and women. Activists would like to immigrants who (racists believe) are see a wider legal definition of harm, or destroying “Swedish culture.” As in broader intolerance for harassment. the United States and elsewhere in the Chen’s feature describes one con- world, Internet trolls in Sweden also troversial approach in Sweden, where persecute women, often just for the “a group of volunteer researchers called strange satisfaction of frightening them. Researchgruppen, or Research Group, Trolls must be moved by bitter has pioneered a form of activist jour- resentments they cannot otherwise nalism based on following the crumbs express and liberated by the heady unac- of data anonymous Internet trolls leave countability of anonymity. Harassing behind and unmasking them.” Research comments found on websites are sincere Group scraped the comments of a expressions of how a portion of human- right-wing publication named Avpix- ity really feels. Some people hate other lat, and matched the encrypted e-mail people, and technology amplifies the addresses of commenters against a data- expression of views that (at least since base of publicly available addresses. The the end of World War II) were mostly researchers gave the names of many of whispered in private or shouted at rallies Avpixlat’s most prolific commenters to of ineffectual political movements (see Expressen, a Swedish tabloid, which “Free Speech in the Era of Its Technolog- then reported that dozens of prominent ical Amplification,” March/April 2013). Swedes, including politicians from the But what can be done about trolling far-right Sweden Democrats, had posted in open societies like Sweden and the racist and sexist comments. Some politi- United States is a vexed question about cians and officials resigned. which citizens ardently disagree. Research Group’s public shaming Both the United States and Swe- of trolls was controversial in Sweden. den have set high bars for criminaliz- MIT Technology Review readers may ing speech: speech is presumptively free also feel troubled: they might want to unless it violates the “harm principle.” distinguish between real threats to indi- In America, speech can be banned if it is viduals and the expression of views that, a “real threat,” either because it consti- however reprehensible, have a tenuous tutes an incitement to hurt someone or connection to immediate harm. But the (as Justice Sandra Day O’Connor wrote data journalists of Research Group were in 2003) to protect people “from the fear responsible for an innovation: they put of violence” and “from the disruption a cost to trolling. By stripping away the that fear engenders.” Citizens who value cloak of anonymity, they demonstrated free speech and believe it necessary for that while speech is free, it is not always democracy, individual expression, and without consequences. VITTIGUIDO 2 JF15_editor.indd 2 12/9/14 5:06 PM Who will make “searching for a signal” a thing of the past? You and NI will. The wireless industry is rapidly evolving. To keep pace with increasing standards and help usher in the next generation of 5G technology, NI offers fast, flexible RF hardware powered by intuitive LabVIEW software. See how this combination adds clarity to communication at ni.com. ©2014 National Instruments. All rights reserved. LabVIEW, National Instruments, NI, and ni.com are trademarks of National Instruments. Other product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies. 18586 18586 YNIW-RF_8.1875x10.5.indd 1 9/26/14 9:19 AM Untitled-1 1 12/8/14 2:47 PM MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. 118 | NO. 1 TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM Contents Front Back 2 From the Editor BUSINESS REPORT 8 Feedback 59 Cities Get Smarter VIEWS How technology can make urban centers more efficient, 10 MOOCs’ Teachable Moment better places to live. How online education can help erase the skills gap. REVIEWS 10 Fixing Autism Research 68 For starters, we can stop Do MOOCs Actually Work? College survived. But online searching for a “cure.” courses are still worthwhile. 11 The World Needs Anonymity By Justin Pope It’s not always a bad idea to 72 keep your identity to yourself. The Aura Apps Do digital filters change the 12 On Creativity meaning of the “past”? A newly unearthed, previously By A. D. Coleman unpublished essay by science 79 fiction great Isaac Asimov. Google Glass Is Dead This wearable computer isn’t a hit, but the vision lives on. UPFRONT By Rachel Metz 15 An End-Around for Consumer Genetics DEMO The FDA has stymied 84 23andMe, but tests live on. Coal Plant Buries Its Own Greenhouse Gases 20 The Mystery of Autism Can coal be clean? Showing that carbon One problem: nobody agrees p. 84 sequestration can be done. on how to diagnose it. By Peter Fairley 21 Voice Recognition for the January / February 2015 Internet of Things 45 YEARS AGO Getting your thermostat to 88 recognize your voice. Education by Machine 28 | Can Japan Recapture Its Solar Power? When the teacher is a 22 Ultrasound Gets Small A lesson in the political vulnerability of renewable energy. computer, learning can get How a new chip could upend By Peter Fairley personalized. diagnostics. 24 Will a Breakthrough Solar 36 | Solving the Autism Puzzle ON THE COVER Technology See Daylight? A new approach to finding the genes behind autism A startup’s record-breaking shows promise. By Stephen S. Hall cells meet economic reality. 44 | Desalination out of Desperation Q+A Severe droughts are making researchers rethink how we 26 Shanley Kane can get fresh water. By David Talbot Is Silicon Valley hopelessly sexist? 50 | The Troll Hunters Illustration by R. Sikoryak Exposing thugs, bullies, and racists on the Internet seems based on Tintin in Tibet, like a good thing. Can it go too far? By Adrian Chen by Hergé, 1960 PHOTOGRAPH BY JENN ACKERMAN AND TIM GRUBER TIM AND ACKERMAN JENN BY PHOTOGRAPH 4 JF15_TOC.indd 4 12/10/14 3:41 PM Discover how technology will change the world for the better. Join us. Exclusive Content Full access to print and digital content, including exclusive videos, interviews, features, Business Reports, and special publications. Unique Experiences Exclusive discount offers and opportunities, like preferred seating, speaker meet-and-greets, and private networking sessions. Impassioned Community The premier community of leaders and innovators who seek to understand and influence technology in the world around them. technologyreview.com/GetInsider ad.insider.world.full.indd 1 12/8/14 11:50 AM MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. 118 | NO. 1 TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM Editor in Chief and Publisher CORPORATE ADVERTISING SALES CONSUMER MARKETING Jason Pontin President Director of Advertising Sales VP, Consumer Revenues and Marketing Kathleen Kennedy James Friedman Bruce Rhodes EDITORIAL [email protected] Chief Financial Officer Director of Marketing and Communications Editor 617-475-8015 David Rotman Rick Crowley David W.M. Sweeney Midwest Sales Director Chief Operating Officer Deputy Editor Maureen Elmaleh MIT ENTERPRISE FORUM, INC. James Coyle Brian Bergstein [email protected] Executive Director Director of International 303-975-6381 News and Analysis Editor Antoinette Matthews Business Development Will Knight New England, Detroit, and Canada Director of Chapter Leadership and Process Antoinette Matthews Barry Echavarria Chief Correspondent Gaylee Duncan Executive Assistants [email protected] David Talbot Director of Communications Giovanna Bortolamedi 603-924-4546 Joyce Chen San Francisco Bureau Chief Leila Snyder Mid-Atlantic and Southeast Tom Simonite Chairman Manager of Information Technology Clive Bullard [email protected] Jason Pontin Senior Editor, Materials Colby Wheeler 845-231-0846 Kevin Bullis President Office Manager West Coast Kathleen Kennedy Senior Editor, Business Reports Linda Cardinal Rob Finley Nanette Byrnes Treasurer FINANCE [email protected] 415-659-2982 James Coyle Senior Editor, MIT News General Ledger Manager Alice Dragoon Olivia Male Europe CUSTOMER SERVICE AND Anthony Fitzgerald SUBSCRIPTION INQUIRIES Senior Editor, Mobile Accountant Rachel Metz [email protected] National: 800-877-5230 Letitia Trecartin 44-1488-680623 Senior Editor, Biomedicine International: 903-636-1115 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Antonio Regalado France Martin A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Recommendations on Deploying SPESS for Energy-Resilience in Disaster-Stricken APEC Community
    Technical Solution Package for Renewable Energy Supply for Green Buildings APEC Energy Working Group April 2018 APEC Project: EWG 03 2016A Produced by Yong Sun (Dr) School of Architecture, Tianjin University; APEC Sustainable Energy Center (APSEC) 216 Yifu Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China Tel: (86) 022-2740 0847 Email: [email protected] Yang Yang (PhD) School of Architecture, Tianjin University; APEC Sustainable Energy Center (APSEC) 216 Yifu Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China Tel: (86) 022-2740 0847 Email: [email protected] For Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119616 Tel: (65) 68919 600 Fax: (65) 68919 690 Email: [email protected] Website: www.apec.org © 2018 APEC Secretariat APEC#218-RE-01.4 Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 1 Project Description and Background .................................................................................................. 2 Project Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 2 Aim and Objectives of Research Report on Innovative Solar Technologies ................................... 2 Session I: Passive solar design ............................................................................................................. 3 1. Passive solar heating systems ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of Photovoltaic Power Generation
    The Future of Photovoltaic Power Generation Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology Research Association President Dr.Yukinori Kuwano Contents 1. Why Photovoltaic Power Generation? Environmental issues and energy problems Population problem and enhancement of living standards 2. PV has the possibility to save our future 3. A new start after 50 years of PV history 4. PV systems as basic energy suppliers 5. GENESIS project – the possibility of a final energy solution 6. Break through in super conducting electric power transmission 1 Degradation of the Global Environment Greenhouse Sun NOx SOx CO2 Effect Gas flow Acid rain CO2 NOx SOx Fluorocarbon Earth Lake Atmospheric warming/ Melting of polar Pollution: Acid rain: ice caps: Unnatural ecosystems Death of marine life forms Average temperature Abnormal weather Destruction of plant life Increases by 3℃ Desertification 2 World CO2 Emissions ） 7 6 g-C/year 5 15 DevelopingDeveloping CountriesCountries 4 10 （ 3 EasternEastern EuropeEurope 2 1 OECDOECD emission 2 0 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 CO Year Source: IPCC 2nd report （1996） 3 World Population Growth Trend 10,000 OverOver 9,0009,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,0006,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 World population (million) population World 1,000 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Year Source：Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Statistics Bureau 4 Reserves of Various Energy Sources 155y.155y. PossiblePossible periodsperiods ofof miningmining (years)(years) 85y.85y. 67y.67y. 0.910.91 ××10101212tt 4541y.41y.年
    [Show full text]
  • PV Status Report 2003
    PV Status Report 2003 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation in Japan, USA and the European Union Arnulf Jäger-Waldau 2003 EUR 20850EN PV Status Report 2003 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation in Japan, USA and the European Union September 2003 Arnulf Jäger-Waldau European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Renewable Energies Unit Via Enrico Fermi 1; TP 450 I – 21020 Ispra, Italia EUR 20850EN Front cover: Polycrystalline modules as sun-shades at the “Casa-Solare”, a Solar House with active and passive solar at the JRC Ispra, Italy Picture by: Jennifer Rundle © 2003 European Commission LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use, which might be made of the following information. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2003 ISBN 92-894-6333-3 Ó European Communities, 2003 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy PREFACE Photovoltaics is one of the fastest growing industries at present. In the last five years, the production of photovoltaic cells has increased steadily by an average of 40% per year, driven not only by the progress in materials and processing technology, but by market introduction programmes in many countries around the world. This leads to the search for new developments with respect to material use and consumption, device design and production technologies, as well as new concepts to increase the overall efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • PV Status Report 2005
    PV Status Report 2005 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics Arnulf Jäger-Waldau 2005 EUR 21836 EN PV Status Report 2005 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics August 2005 Arnulf Jäger-Waldau European Commission, DG JRC, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Renewable Energies Unit Via Enrico Fermi 1; TP 450 I – 21020 Ispra, Italia EUR 21836 EN Front cover: Artwork by Jennifer Rundle LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use, which might be made of the following information. The report does not represent any official position of the European Commission, nor do its contents prejudge any future Commission proposals in any areas of Community policy. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2005 ISBN 92-79-00174-4 © European Communities, 2005 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy PREFACE Record oil prices and speculations whether the oil price would peak at $ 105 in 2010 or whether it would be well above has become a reality in 2005. Regardless for what reasons and how fast the oil price and with it energy prices will increase in the future, Photovoltaics and other renewable energies are the only ones to offer a reduction of prices instead of an increase in the future. In 2004, the photovoltaic industry production broke the 1 GW barrier, produced world- wide some 1,200 MWp of photovoltaic modules and has become a 5.8 bill.
    [Show full text]
  • Output 03 - Technical Solution Package for Renewable Energy Supply for Green Buildings (EWG 03 2016A)
    Output 03 - Technical Solution Package for Renewable Energy Supply for Green Buildings (EWG 03 2016A) APEC Energy Working Group April 2018 APEC Project: [EWG 03 2016A] Produced by Yong Sun (Dr.) School of Architecture, Tianjin University; APEC Sustainable Energy Center (APSEC) 216 Yifu Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. CHINA Tel: + (86) 022-2740 0847 Email: [email protected] Yang Yang (phD) School of Architecture, Tianjin University; APEC Sustainable Energy Center (APSEC) 216 Yifu Building, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, P. R. CHINA Tel: + (86) 022-2740 0847 Email: [email protected] For Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119616 Tel: (65) 68919 600 Fax: (65) 68919 690 Email: [email protected] Website: www.apec.org © [2018] APEC Secretariat ********** 1 Technical Solution Package for Renewable Energy Supply for Green Buildings (EWG 03 2016A) Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 1 Project Description and Background .................................................................................................. 2 Project Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 2 Aim and Objectives of Research Report on Innovative Solar Technologies (EWG 03/2016A) ..... 2 Session I: Passive solar design ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PV Status Report 2007 - Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics
    PV Status Report 2007 - Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics Arnulf Jäger-Waldau EUR 23018 EN - 2007 The mission of the Institute for Environment and Sustainability is to provide scientific-technical support to the European Union’s Policies for the protection and sustainable development of the European and global environment. European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Contact information Address: Via Enrico Fermi, TP 450, 21020 Ispra(VA), Italy E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +39 0332 789119 Fax: +39 0332 789268 http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use, which might be made of the following information. The report does not represent any official position of the European Commission, nor do its contents prejudge any future Commission proposals in any areas of Community policy. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/ JRC 40519 EUR 23018 EN ISBN 978-92-79-07446-2 ISSN 1018-5593 Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities © European Communities, 2007 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy PV Status Report 2007 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics September 2007 Arnulf Jäger-Waldau European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Renewable Energies Unit Via Enrico Fermi 1; TP 450 I – 21020 Ispra, Italia EUR 23018 EN Front cover: Artwork by Jennifer Rundle PREFACE Record oil prices and speculations when the oil price will exceed $ 100 per barrel have already become a reality.
    [Show full text]
  • Solar Applications
    Commercialization Potential of compositionally graded Ge - Sixi-Gex - Si substrates for solar applications by Johnathan Jian Ming Goh Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical) (Honours) National University of Singapore, 2005 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT THE REQUIRMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MASSACHUSETT9 INSTIIUTEI SEPTEMBER 2006 OF TECHNOLOGY ©2006 Johnathan Jian Ming Goh. All rights reserved. T 0 2 2006 The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this LIBRARIES thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature of Author: Department of Materials Scie ~and Engineering July 27, 2006 Certified by: Eugene A. Fitzg••Id Thesis Supervisor Merton C. Flemings-SMA Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Accepted by: Samuel M. Allen POSCO Professor of Physical Metallurgy Chair, Departmental Committee for Graduate Students ARCHIVES Commercialization Potential of compositionally graded Ge - Sili.Ge, - Si substrates for solar applications by Johnathan Jian Ming Goh Submitted to the Department of Materials Science and Engineering on July 27, 2006 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Materials Science and Engineering Abstract This project considers the potential of Ge - Sil-.Gex - Si substrates for solar applications. The use of compositionally graded substrates to achieve heterointegration across different materials platforms such as Si, Ge and GaAs has proven successful and dual junction solar cells have been fabricated on such substrates. The potential for graded substrates in the solar market is discussed considering the current technology, market players and worldwide renewable energy policies.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Architecture 11 Green Architecture: Overview
    Source: GREEN ARCHITECTURE 11 GREEN ARCHITECTURE: OVERVIEW Introduction: Ecosystems and Natural Environments An ecosystem is defined as a natural unit, consisting of all plants, animals, and microorganisms in an area functioning together, along with the nonliving factors of the area (Christopherson 1997). The term was first coined by A. G. Tansley in 1935 to encompass the interactions between biotic and abiotic components of the environment at a given site (Tansley 1935; Gorham 2006). The word biotic refers to the living com- ponents of an environment, where the actions of a variety of species affect the lives of fellow organisms. Abiotic factors are essentially nonliving components, such as tem- perature, light, moisture, air currents, etc. that equally affect the ecosystem (Lockwood and McKinney 2001; Buchs 2003; Saxena 2003; Gaston and Spicer 2004). The term ecosystem was later redefined by Eugene Odum as any unit where this inter- action between biotic and abiotic factors in a given area produces a flow of energy leading to a clearly defined trophic structure, biotic diversity, and material cycles (exchange of mate- rials between living and nonliving parts) within the system (Odum 1971; Gorham 2006). An ecosystem is not a single unified entity, constant in size. Our entire planet is covered with a variety of different, sometimes overlapping, and often interdependent ecosystems. A single lake, a neighborhood, or an entire region can be considered an ecosystem, while the term biome is used to refer to a major global ecosystem (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Current State and Trends). Therefore an ecosys- tem can be as large as the entire globe, or as small as a city or a building (see Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy Unit
    Renewable Energy Unit The Institute for Energy provides scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of community poli- cies related to energy. Special emphasis is given to the security of energy supply and to sustainable and safe energy production. European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy Contact information Address: Via Enrico Fermi TP 45 21027 Ispra (VA) Italy E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +39 0332 789119 Fax: +39 0332 789268 http://ie.jrc.ec.europa.eu http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu PV Status Report 2009 Research, Solar Cell Production and Market Implementation of Photovoltaics August 2009 Arnulf Jäger-Waldau European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, Renewable Energy Unit Via Enrico Fermi; TP 450 I – 21027 Ispra (VA), Italia EUR 24027 EN Legal notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use, which might be made of the following information. The report does not represent any official position of the European Commission, nor do its contents prejudge any future Commission proposals in any areas of Community policy. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/ JRC 53664 EUR 24027 EN ISBN 978-92-79-12800-4 ISSN 1831-4155 DOI 10.2788/22576 The report is online available at: http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/refsys/ Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Union © European Union, 2009 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Front cover: Artwork by Jennifer Rundle Layout/Typography: Sailer Design Communication, Meersburg, Germany Printed in Belgium 4 | PV Status Report 2009 PV Status Report 2009 | 5 Preface Spiking oil prices at $ 147.27 per barrel in July 2008 and Photovoltaics is a key technology option to realise the shift speculations when the oil price will exceed $ 200 per barrel to a decarbonised energy supply.
    [Show full text]
  • The Egyptian Company for Energy & Cooling Projects (Gascool)
    The Egyptian company for energy & cooling projects (Gascool) GAS COOL CORPORATE PORTFOLIO 2 0 1 7 BY: TAREK ZORBA The Egyptian company for energy & cooling projects (Gascool) Table of contents: Introduction to Gascool Who we are Share holders ISO Certifications Partnership with Ebara Gascool activities Projects by Gascool B.O.O projects EPC projects Gascool Customers Portfolio Technology Sector Financial Sector Miscellaneous The Egyptian company for energy & cooling projects (Gascool) Who we are: The Egyptian Company for Refrigeration by Natural Gas (Gascool) was found in Egypt in 2004. Gascool is a member of, and fully owned by The Egyptian Petroleum Sector. Gascool authorized capital: EGP 300 Million. Gascool paid capital: EGP 125 Million. Gascool is recognized as one of the largest companies in Egypt in the field of power generation, solar energy, refrigeration, central air-conditioning, district cooling/heating, and the leading provider of absorption / centrifugal chillers in Egypt. Gascool’s main mission is to provide the most economical and environmental friendly solutions for energy, district/central cooling and heating by using different means of energy, namely natural gas, electricity, steam, hot water, …etc. The Egyptian company for energy & cooling projects (Gascool) Gascool Shareholders Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company (Egas) 26.67% The Egyptian Natural Gas Company (Gasco) 26.19% Petroleum Projects and Technical Consultants (Petrojet) 20.95% Egypt Gas Co. (Egypt Gas) 20.95% The Egyptian Co. for Distributing
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Safety, Health and Environmental (SHE) Issues of Solar Energy System
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 41 (2015) 1190–1204 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rser A review of Safety, Health and Environmental (SHE) issues of solar energy system M.M. Aman a,n, K.H. Solangi b, M.S. Hossain c, A. Badarudin b, G.B. Jasmon a, H. Mokhlis a, A.H.A. Bakar c, S.N Kazi b a Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia c UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC) Level 4, Wisma R&D, University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 59990, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia article info abstract Article history: Solar energy is one of the cleanest forms of energy sources and considered as a green source of energy. Received 4 April 2014 Solar energy benefit ranges from low carbon emission, no fossil fuel requirement, long term solar Received in revised form resources, less payback time and other. However like other power generation sources, solar energy has 11 August 2014 also some Safety, Health and Environmental (SHE) concerns. This paper presents the overview of solar Accepted 31 August 2014 energy technologies and addresses the SHE impact of solar energy technologies to the sustainability of human activities. This paper will also recommend the possible ways to reduce the effect of potential Keywords: hazards of widespread use of solar energy technologies. Solar energy technology & 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Photo voltaic Life Cycle Assessment Contents 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Art of Photovoltaics
    THE ART OF PHOTOVOLTAICS Klaudia Farkas1 1 Department of Architectural Design, History and Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Fine Art, NTNU Trondheim, (Norway) 1. Abstract The principal task of the building skin is to create a comfortable shelter. However it has also been a platform of art and expression of symbolic meanings. Lately a contemporary and innovative function of the building envelope came into focus: the building skin as a responsive component of a low energy concept (Schittich 2001). Several building surfaces are suitable for solar products, especially for photovoltaics that generate electricity. Lately a variety of products have been developed to match building integration and architects’ needs. The basic aim is to produce clean electricity. However while the solar module becomes part of the building skin, it has multiple structural functions and requires aesthetical integration into the overall design concept. There are several barriers that keep away architects from using the potential of this technology. Economy and lack of knowledge are crucial issues, while the perception of and prejudices against these components play important roles as well. There is a need to find the architectural language of PV products to enhance future developments and change the perception from a technical device to a building component. Architectural projects that use photovoltaics visible to the public have even further roles than the ones mentioned above. Photovoltaics integrated visually into the building skin have a representational role of demonstrating the owner’s care about the environment (Röpcke 2010). These projects have also an educational role to spread the knowledge and possibilities of solar technologies used in architecture.
    [Show full text]