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Home , Always Forward, APEC China 2014, Changtang, Danxia landform, Liyan (Buddhist monk), Runan County

VOL. XXVI No. 10 October 2014 Rs. 20.00

The Site of APEC 2014 Chinese Ambassador to Mr. Le Yucheng met with Mr. Le Yucheng, Chinese Ambassador to India shook Indian Foreign Secretary Ms. Sujatha Singh in the hands with Mr. Vijay Kumar Singh, Minister of State for th Embassy on Oct. 13, 2014. External Affairs at the Reception of the 65 Anniversary of People's Republic of China on Sept. 24, 2014.

Mr. Le Yucheng, Chinese Ambassador to India, met with On Sept. 29, 2014 Chinese Ambassador Mr. Le Yucheng Mr. Anil Wadhwa, Secretary (East) of Indian Ministry of attended the celebration hosted by the India-China External Affairs in New Delhi on Sept. 26, 2014. Both Society in New Delhi to mark the 65th anniversary of the sides exchanged views on how to strengthen bilateral founding of the People's Republic of China. More than a relations between China and India. hundred friendly personages from all walks of life attended the event.

A monk from Shaolin Temple of China's Province China National Tourist Office (CNTO)-New Delhi won the was teaching Indian children Kungfu at a special the Award of Best Marketing Destination at the event of CHINESE KUNGFU SHOW held by Chinese Embassy and 10th Hospitality India & Explore the World Annual the India China Economic and Cultural Council in New International Awards held on Oct.10, 2014 in New Delhi. Delhi on Sept.23, 2014 . 2014 APEC

The 2014 APEC Economic Leaders’ Week Wang Yi and Commerce Minister Gao will coincide with the 25th anniversary of Hucheng, and including Foreign Affairs and APEC’s founding to boost trade and economic Trade Ministers from the other 20 APEC cooperation across the Pacific and bring economies, the meeting will decide the together the Leaders, Ministers and Senior contours of joint policy development and Officials of the 21 APEC member economies implementation moving forward. to unlock new growth vital to global recovery APEC CEO Summit: , 9-10 and long-term prosperity. The proceedings November will include: An open dialogue held in conjunction with APEC Concluding Senior Officials’ the APEC Economic Leaders’ Week and Meeting: Beijing, 5-6 November organized by the private sector featuring the Guided by China Vice Foreign Minister and region’s Leaders and business heads. Chair of the 2014 APEC Senior Officials’ APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting: Yanqi Meeting Li Baodong, APEC Senior Officials Lake, 10-11 November from member economies will finalize a Chaired by China President package of new growth-enhancing measures. and including the Leaders of the other 20 APEC Ministerial Meeting: Beijing, 7-8 APEC economies, the meeting will provide November strategic vision and directives for future Hosted by China Foreign Affairs Minister collaboration. Events

Time Event Morning, Wednesday, 5 November Concluding APEC Senior Officials’ Meeting opening remarks and family photo Afternoon, Thursday, 6 November APEC Secretariat News Conference with Executive Director Dr Alan Bollard Afternoon, Friday, 7 November APEC Ministerial Meeting opening remarks and “family photo” Morning, Saturday, 8 November APEC Ministerial Meeting Host Press Conference—China Foreign Affairs Minister Wang Yi + China Commerce Minister Commerce Gao Hucheng Sunday-Monday, 9-10 November APEC CEO Summit Time Event Evening, Monday, 10 November APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting “family photo” with spouses before Welcome Banquet and Cultural Performance Morning, Tuesday, 11 November APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting opening remarks by host China President Xi Jinping and “family photo” Noon, Tuesday, 11 November APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting tree planting Afternoon, Tuesday, 11 November A P E C E c o n o m i c L e a d e r s ’ M e e t i n g H o s t P r e s s Conference—China President Xi Jinping

What is Asia-Pacific Economic Republic of China; , China; ; Cooperation? ; Republic of Korea; ; ; New Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, or APEC, Zealand; ; ; The Republic of is the premier forum for facilitating economic the ; The Russian Federation; growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region. APEC is an intergovernmental grouping that operates on the basis of non-binding commitments, open dialogue and equal respect for the views of all participants. Unlike the WTO or other multilateral trade bodies, APEC has no treaty obligations required of its participants. Decisions made within APEC are reached by consensus and commitments are undertaken on a voluntary basis. APEC has 21 members - referred to as “member economies” - which account for approximately 40 percent of the world’s population, approximately 55 percent of world GDP and about 44 Chinese President Xi Jinping participated 2013 APEC Summit held in Indonesia. percent of world trade. APEC’s 21 Member Economies are ; ; ; ; United Darussalam; ; ; People’s States of America; Viet Nam.

2001 APEC Summit was held in Shanghai of China. CONTENTS

CHINA INDIA RELATIONS

1. China, India Vow to Further Bilateral Ties 6 2. Historical Achievement, Landmark Visit 7 3. Xi Jinping's India Visit: Interweaving the Sino-Indian Dream of Friendship and Development 8 4. Ambassador Le Yucheng's Interview with TheTimes of India 11 5. China Makes Contributions to Fight Ebola: Chinese Ambassador Mr. Le Yucheng 14

EXTERNAL AFFAIRS

1. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang Visits Germany 15 2. Li Keqiang Meets with Prime Minister Xavier Bettel of Luxembourg 17 3. Li Keqiang Meets with President Martin Schulz of the European Parliament 18 4. China, Sign Deals on Energy, High-Speed Railways 19 5. China, Italy Agree to Further Promote Partnership 20 6. Chinese FM Urges Enhancement of Strategic Trust with U.S. 22

CHINESE ENTERPRISES IN INDIA

1. The Biggest Chinese Greenfield Project in Haryana 24 2. A Glance of Chinese Enterprises in India 26

REVIVING THE

1. Silk Road Made Great Contributions to Dialogue of Civilizations 29 2. Rebuilding the Silk Road 31 3. “Green Silk Road,” New Engine for World Sustainable Development 33

CULTURE & LIFE

1. Double Nine Festival 35 2. Liu Kefeng, an Expert in Turning Waste into Wealth 37 3. Young Woman with Brain Tumor Devoted to Charities 38 4. Features 39

INDIANS’ IMAGE OF CHINA

1. An Honor From China 44 2. A Trip to Wuhan, China 46 3. To Know Real China 49

TIBET TODAY

1. Tourists to During Holiday Hit Record High 52 2. on Display in Strasbourg 52 3. Mysterious Bone Ties in Changtang Tribes 53

FLIGHTS BETWEEN CHINA AND INDIA 58 BOOK REVIEW 60 CCTV NEWS YOUR LINK TO CHINA AND THE WORLD 61 CRI A BRIDGE OF FRIENDSHIP 62 6 China India Relations News From China October 2014

CHINA INDIA RELATIONS

China, India Vow to Further Bilateral Ties

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (R) meets with Indian Minister of External Affairs at the UN headquarters in New York, on Sept. 25, 2014 (Xinhua/Yin Bogu)

United Nations, Sept. 25 (Xinhua) — Chinese plan on the development of bilateral relations laid Foreign Minister Wang Yi and his Indian down by leaders of the two countries, maintain counterpart Sushma Swaraj agreed on Thursday high-level interactions, increase mutual trust, to further develop relations between the two deepen practical cooperation, intensify friendly neighboring Asian countries. exchanges between the two peoples, make Talks between the two ministers were held on concerted effort to build a closer partnership and the sidelines of the annual high-level debate of the actualize the bilateral strategic and cooperative UN General Assembly, which entered its second partnership. day at UN headquarters in New York on Thursday. For his part, Swaraj said the Indian people Wang said that the historic visit recently paid welcomed President Xi’s visit from the bottom of by Chinese President Xi Jinping to India had their hearts. boosted understanding and friendship between The visit was a huge success and significantly leaders of the two countries and drawn the two enhanced the practical cooperation between the peoples closer. two countries, she said. China-India relationship is embracing a The Indian side highly values the results of the crucial period of opportunities, the Chinese visit and stands ready to coordinate closely with foreign minister said. the Chinese side in a bid to write a new chapter of The two sides should implement the strategic the India-China relations, Swaraj added. News From China October 2014 China India Relations 7

Historical Achievement, Landmark Visit -- Speech by Chinese Ambassador Le Yucheng at the Reception of the 65th Anniversary of the People's Republic of China (September 24, 2014)

H.E. Mr. V.K. Singh, Minister of State for External Affairs, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear friends, Namaste! Today, it is my great pleasure and privilege to join you in celebrating the 65th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in my capacity as the newly accredited Ambassador of China to India. In my own name and on behalf of the Chinese Embassy in India, I would like to extend to you all our warm welcome and sincere appreciation for your kind particular, peace and tranquility in the presence. neighborhood. The new government of China has Over the past 65 years, especially since the given greater importance to the neighborhood reform and opening-up 35 years ago, China has diplomacy in its overall diplomatic agenda. We gone through extraordinary journey of commit ourselves to developing amicable development and become the second largest relationships and partnerships with our economy in the world. We have made great neighbors and make every effort to build a achievements in various fields, continuously community of common interests and destiny with enhanced the comprehensive national strength, our neighbors. significantly improved the living standards of the India and other South Asian countries are an Chinese people. The sustained and rapid growth important part of China’s neighborhood of the Chinese economy has made important diplomacy. Last week, President Xi Jinping paid a contribution to the world economic recovery and successful state visit to India, conducted candid, benefited other countries all over the world. friendly and in-depth discussions and reached In the meantime, China remains the biggest important consensus with the Indian leaders. The developing country. We are still facing an arduous two sides signed around 20 cooperation task in our reform and development and a long documents. The Chinese side will invest $ 20 road ahead in improving people’s livelihood. For a billion in India to build two industrial parks, help long time to come, achieving economic India to upgrade relevant railways and stations, development and promoting overall social give more market access to Indian products. The progress will remain a core task for China in our two sides agreed to further forge commonalities in pursuit of the Chinese Dream of the great terms of our development strategies, jointly build rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To realize the a closer development partnership, jointly seek Chinese Dream, China requires lasting peace and peaceful, cooperative and inclusive development stability in the international environment and, in for the benefit of our two peoples as well as of Asia 8 China India Relations News From China October 2014

and the rest of the world. life, to colleagues from the diplomatic corp for As Chinese Ambassador to India, I had the your kind assistance and support to the Chinese privilege of witnessing and participating in this Embassy and myself. My appreciation also goes to landmark visit of historical significance. I am members of the Chinese community, Chinese keenly aware of the solemn responsibilities entrepreneurs, Chinese media representatives, attached to the glorious mission of mine. I look Chinese students and scholars in India for your forward to joining efforts with the Indian side to warm regards and best wishes for the Motherland. implement the important consensus and series of In conclusion, I wish to propose a toast: cooperation agreements, uphold our traditional To the prosperity and development of the friendship, push forward our pragmatic People’s Republic of China! cooperation, enlarge our people-to-people and To the continuous strengthening of the cultural contact in order to take the strategic and strategic and cooperative partnership between cooperative partnership between China and India China and India! to a higher level. And to the good health and happiness of all Last but not least, I would like to take this guests present! opportunity to extend my appreciation to the Dhanyavad! (Thank you)! Indian Government, to friends from all walks of

Xi Jinping's India Visit: Interweaving the Sino-Indian Dream of Friendship and Development Speech by Ambassador Le Yucheng at India East Asia Foundation

(Sept. 23, 2014, IIC, Delhi)

the state from a major country to visit India after the formation of new government. Also, it has been 8 years since the last state visit by a Chinese President. The visit not only has been the focus of attention in our two countries, but also in the international community. Having had the rare privilege to accompany President Xi during his visit, I am glad to share a few obser- vations and reflections on this visit. President Xi Jinping’s recent visit to India has At the outset, the atmospherics of the visit and been hailed as historic, for he is the first head of chemistry between the two leaders has been News From China October 2014 China India Relations 9 widely reported throughout the world by nearly China-India ties. The Joint Statement on Building a 200 journalists, major TV channels, newspapers Closer Partnership for Development reflects the and online media from China, India and other wide-ranging consensus reached by the two countries as they scrambled for the coverage. One leaders on bilateral, regional and international of such many impressive moments was vividly affairs. In all 16 agreements pertaining to trade, captured and described by a photograph where investment, cooperation in outer space, local and President Xi tried his hands on a legendry people-to-people exchanges were signed, which Charkha with Prime Minister Modi by his side at paved a roadmap for our future cooperation. the Sabarmati Ashram. The depiction connotes In terms of significance and outcome of the mutual bonding, and the resolve that with trust visit, I find this visit significant from four and sincerity the two neighbors will pick up the perspectives. threads of our ties, and join First, it has carried forward hands in weaving them into a the friendship between two beautiful canvas of shared China will invest 20 billion ancient and living civilizations. dream of friendship and US Dollars in India in the The story of Xuan Zang (600- development with trust and next 5 years in various 664), an eminent Chinese sincerity. industrial and infrastructure scholar monk who came to India The chemistry is also in search of Buddhist scriptures discernable as Modi in a rare development projects, and and stayed in India for 14 years gesture received President Xi at establish 2 industrial parks, during Tang Dynasty (618-907) the doorway of the hotel and one in Gujarat and one in is a household name in China and accompanied him throughout Maharashtra. India. In Gujarat where Xuan the engagements. Both leaders Zang had stayed, President Xi wore Khadi jackets, visited was welcomed by a sea of smiling Gandhi Ashram, strolled along the Riverfront, and cheering faces that touched not only President watched with enjoyment the folk performances, a Xi’s heart but also the hearts of entire 1.3 billion swing on the typical Gujarati Jhoola, and birthday Chinese people. Presidents Xi’s passion for India celebrations in an amicable atmosphere. In New and its civilization could be discerned from his Delhi, besides official functions, while President reminiscences of a visit he took to this country 17 Xi was busy in delivering an important speech, years back, and also from the frequent quotations interacting with youths from China and India, and from Mahatma Gandhi and Tagore during his conferring friendship awards, Madam Peng speeches and engagements in Gujarat and Delhi. In Liyuan squeezed in time to mingle freely with the spite of a very tight schedule, President Xi took teaching and student community of the Tagore time out to meet the family representatives of International School. The “Dragon-Elephant” Doctor Kothis, a young doctor of the five-member metaphor and some new such as INCH towards Indian Medical Mission to China during the War of MILES caught our imagination and made Resistance Against Japan (1937-45). It is in the headlines, revealing that the atmospherics of the light of above that President Xi proposed “China- visit have been great. India Cultural Exchange Project” by virtue of Also, the two leaders spent extraordinarily which the scope and scale of our annual youth long time together, even if the schedule was tight. exchange program will be greatly expanded. China With over 20 engagements in Gujarat and New also committed to open a new route for Indian Delhi, President Xi spent nearly 20 hours pilgrimage to Kailash Manasarovar in the Tibet discussing issues of common concerns with Autonomous Region of China through Nathula. President Mukherjee, Prime Minister Modi, and This move has been highly appreciated by both Vice President Ansari; more often than not the Indian Government and the people. One may meetings exceeded the scheduled time, revealing surmise that the time tested friendship between the kind of importance our leaders attached to China and India has been carried forward 10 China India Relations News From China October 2014

undoubtedly. biggest economy in Asia and the second biggest Secondly, the visit has broadened and exporter of IT and farm products in the world. deepened the cooperation between the two Especially, Gujarat’s performance has been largest developing countries and emerging impressive; it has contributed 16% of industrial markets. President Xi attached great importance output and 22% of export to the country with only to practical cooperation as there are various a 5% of population! President Xi stressed that with complementarities and potentials between the commonalties in developmental goals and “world factory” and “world office.” One of his most complementarities in economies, China and India important proposals was that China and India should establish a closer partnership for should establish a closer partnership for development. China’s Opening Up to the West development. China will invest 20 billion US should connect with India’s Looking East policy, Dollars in India in the next 5 years in various with a view to form the most competitive industrial and infrastructure development manufacturing base, the most attractive market, projects, and establish 2 industrial parks, one in and the most powerful growth engines in the Gujarat and one in Maharashtra. China will take world. India reciprocated positively to these part in India’s effort in updating existing railways, gestures of China, and commended China for its including high speed and provide support to achievements and opening up policy. I am heavy haul and redevelopment of existing railway confident that if we could further connect our stations. The two sides signed the Five-Year development strategies and respective Development Program for Economic and Trade advantages, the impact would be far-reaching. We Cooperation, and enhance cooperation in would be able to lead regional growth and pharmaceutical, agricultural and IT products, so promote development and prosperity in Asia. as Indian products could find greater access in Fourthly, the visit has contributed to the Chinese market, thus paving a way for reducing stability and peace. Even though the current the trade deficit and furthering and deepening international situation is generally stable, economic cooperation. however, the unjust and unreasonable President Xi also suggested that China and phenomena in international relations remain India should take the lead in regional growth, obvious. The world is infested with regional accelerate the construction of the BCIM Economic conflict and local wars, and many countries are Corridor, support each other in taking part in striving for peace and stability. President Xi regional and sub-regional cooperation, make pointed out that, as two important forces in the contributions to the construction of Silk Road process of multi-polarization, and countries of Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road of the great influence in the world, if China and India

21st Century so that China-India cooperation speak with one voice, the whole world will listen, could deliver more benefits to all peoples in the and if China and India join hands, the whole world region. will take notice. The two sides have agreed to

Thirdly, as both China and India have enhance strategic communication and propounded the great cause of national coordination in regional and international affairs, rejuvenation and development, President Xi’s and act as active builders of international system. v i s i t s e n d s a s t ro n g The two countries should build ( China has welcomed and m e s s a g e o f c o m m o n supported India to become development. This is on and carry forward the spirit of a full member in Shanghai as we share the the Five Principles of Peaceful Cooperation Organization same developmental goals, Coexistence, and join hands in (SCO). We hope the Indian ideas and strategies. In making our due contribution to side would support China’s re c e n t ye a r s , I n d i a n effort to develop relations economy has developed ( peace and stability in the region w i t h S o u t h A s i a n rapidly, becoming the third and world. Association for Regional News From China October 2014 China India Relations 11

Cooperation (SAARC). China and India should be describes the boundary issue as a “dark cloud strategic partners in global affairs, and strong casting shadow on the city,” however, I am anchors for regional peace. The two countries confident that a few clouds in the sky can never should build on and carry forward the spirit of the overshadow the radiance of the Sun of Sino-Indian Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and join friendship. As long as we continue to draw wisdom hands in making our due contribution to peace from our two ancient civilizations, have sufficient and stability in the region and world. foresight, courage and tolerance, we will be able to Finally, as media reported that there was an dispel these stray clouds. incident in the western sector of China-India For me it is a great honor, to witness this border, the boundary issue remains a concern for milestone visit and participate in important both the countries. President Xi had extensive and moments in China-India relations at the very in-depth exchanges with Prime Minister Modi on beginning of my tenure. The success of the visit, as the issue and reached consensus on properly well as the hospitality, sincerity and friendship handling and resolving it. This in itself embodies shown by the Indian government and people, have the strategic vision and the political mutual trust greatly encouraged me. I am more than ever of the two leaders. The issue is a historical burden, confident about the future of China-India and the two are committed to seek a fair, relations. I am looking forward for building close reasonable and mutually acceptable solution working relationship, as well as personal through friendly consultation. We hold that friendship with people from all walks of life in pending the final settlement, the two countries India, and hope to work with them by pooling our should make full use of existing mechanisms and wisdom, and implement the important consensus the flag meetings of border personnel, to jointly reached by our two leaders and raise China-India safeguard peace and tranquility in the border strategic cooperative partnership for peace and area. We should prevent the border issue from prosperity to a new level. Let us work hard and holding up the development of bilateral relations. make due contributions to the peace and benefits I have noticed that the Indian media often of 2.5 billion people of China and India.

Ambassador Le Yucheng's Interview with TheTimes of India

– On October 1, 2014, Indian English Newspaper The Times of India published the interview to Chinese Ambassador to India Le Yucheng. The full text is as follows:

Chinese President Xi Jinping’s recent visit atmospherics of the visit and chemistry between to India made headlines in both countries. the two leaders was widely reported throughout Chinese ambassador to New Delhi, Le Yucheng, China. One of many impressive moments that was spoke with Rudroneel Ghosh about bilateral vividly captured was where President Xi tried his ties, opportunities – and the festering border hands at a charkha with Prime Minister Modi by issue: his side at Sabarmati Ashram. The depiction How was President Xi Jinping’s India visit connoted mutual bonding, and the resolve that with trust and sincerity the two neighbours can perceived in China? join hands in weaving a beautiful canvas of shared We had nearly 100 Chinese journalists come friendship and development with trust and to India to cover President Xi’s historic visit. The sincerity. 12 China India Relations News From China October 2014

The chemistry between the two leaders was Economic and Trade Cooperation, and enhanced also discernable as PM Modi in a rare gesture cooperation in pharmaceutical, agricultural and received President Xi at the doorway of the hotel IT sectors, so that Indian products could find and accompanied him throughout engagements. greater access in Chinese market – thus paving the Both leaders wore khadi jackets, visited Gandhi way for reducing the bilateral trade deficit and Ashram, strolled along the Sabarmati riverfront, furthering and deepening economic cooperation. watched with enjoyment the folk performances, But one cannot observe China-India relations shared a swing on the typical only from economic connections. Gujarati jhoola, and celebrated We are both ancient civilisations PM Modi’s birthday in an China will also take part in with long-term friendship and amicable atmosphere. In New India’s effort to upgrade its culture exchanges. President Xi Delhi, while President Xi was busy existing railways, including has proposed ‘China-India in delivering an important in high-speed trains, and Cultural Exchange Project’ by speech, interacting with youths provide support for heavy virtue of which the scope and from China and India and haul and redevelopment of scale of our annual youth conferring friendship awards, exchange programme will be existing railway stations. Madam Peng Liyuan squeezed in greatly expanded. China also time to mingle freely with the committed to open a new route teachers and students of Tagore International for Indian pilgrims to Kailash Manasarovar in the School. The ‘Dragon-Elephant’ metaphor and of China through some new ones such as INCH towards MILES Nathula. This move has been highly appreciated by caught our imagination and made headlines, both the Indian Government and the people. One revealing that the atmosphere of the visit was may surmise that the time-tested friendship great. between China and India has been carried forward I think most Chinese people can feel the same undoubtedly. sincerity and friendship that President Xi has Besides, China and India should also be been experienced. strategic partners in global affairs and serve Does China merely view India as an as strong anchors for regional peace. President Xi pointed out that as two important economic opportunity? forces in the process of multi-polarisation, Economic Cooperation was indeed one of the and as countries of great influence in the highlights of President Xi’s visit to India. One of world, if China and India speak with one voice his most important proposals was that China and the whole world will listen, and if China and India should establish a closer partnership for India join hands the whole world will take development. China will invest $20 billion in notice. The two sides have agreed to enhance India over the next five years in various industrial strategic communication and coordination in and infrastructure development projects, and regional and international affairs, and act as establish two industrial parks – one in Gujarat active builders of international systems. and one in Maharashtra. China will also take part China has welcomed and supported India to in India’s effort to upgrade its existing railways, b e c o m e a f u l l m e m b e r i n S h a n g h a i including in high-speed trains, and provide Cooperation Organization. We hope the support for heavy haul and redevelopment of Indian side would support China’s effort to existing railway stations. The two sides signed d e v e l o p r e l a t i o n s w i t h S o u t h A s i a n the Five-Year Development Program for Association for Regional Cooperation. The News From China October 2014 China India Relations 13 two countries should build on and carry can deliver more benefits to all peoples in the forward the spirit of the Five Principles of region. Getting people connected is an important Peaceful Coexistence, and join hands in content of ‘One Belt One Road’. President Xi Jinping making our due contribution to peace and stressed that friendship along the Silk Road should stability in the region and the world. be inherited and the spirit of the Silk Road should How do we address the trust deficit in the be carried forward so as to consolidate public opinion and the social foundation of relations bilateral relationship? between China and the three countries. It will be China and India have a long history of our shared duties to promote people-to-people communicating and personnel exchanges. By our contact mutually and lay the foundation of China- own example we have shown that by reaching out India partnership in regional growth. to each other we can overcome suspicion and distrust. And by working together we can build a The boundary issue has become strong bond of fraternity and friendship. I can still a major bone of contention. recall the scene when President Xi was welcomed How do we address this? by a sea of smiling and cheering faces in Gujarat As media reported there was an incident in the where Xuan Zang had stayed, which touched not western sector of the China-India border. The only President Xi’s heart but also the hearts of boundary issue remains a concern for both entire 1.3 billion Chinese people. countries. President Xi had I wish to point out in China and India have a long e x t e n s i v e a n d i n - d e p t h particular that the Joint history of communicating exchanges with Prime Minister Statement on Building a Closer and personnel exchanges. Modi on the issue and reached Partnership for Development By our own example we consensus on properly handling reflects the wide-ranging have shown that by reaching and resolving it. This in itself consensus reached by the two out to each other we can embodies the strategic vision and leaders on bilateral, regional and overcome suspicion and the political mutual trust of the international affairs. In all 16 distrust. two leaders. The issue is a agreements pertaining to trade, historical burden, and the two investment and cooperation in outer space, local sides are committed to seek a fair, reasonable and and people-to-people exchanges were signed, mutually acceptable solution through friendly which provide us a roadmap for our future consultations. We hold that pending the final cooperation. settlement, the two countries should make full use of existing mechanisms to jointly safeguard peace Can India and China become partners in and tranquility in the border areas. We should regional growth? prevent the boundary issue from holding up the China and India should take the lead in development of bilateral relations. I have noticed regional growth, accelerate the construction of that the Indian media often describes the the BCIM (Bangladesh, China, India and boundary issue as a ‘dark cloud’. However, I am Myanmar) Economic Corridor, support each confident that a few clouds in the sky can never other in taking part in regional and sub-regional overshadow the radiance of the sun of Sino-Indian cooperation, make contributions to the friendship. As long as we continue to draw wisdom construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and from our two ancient civilisations, have sufficient the Maritime Silk Road of the 21st Century (One foresight, courage and tolerance, we will be able to Belt One Road) so that China-India cooperation dispel these stray clouds. 14 China India Relations News From China October 2014

China Makes Contributions to Fight Ebola: Chinese Ambassador Mr. Le Yucheng

On September 18 during the state visit to India, President Xi Jinping announced that in order to support Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and other countries in combating the Ebola epidemic, help neighboring countries of the affected areas to build up epidemic prevention ability, encourage relevant international and regional organizations to carry on with their leading and coordinating role in the fight against the epidemic, the Chinese government decided to provide, on top of the previous two batches of assistance, the aforementioned countries with 200 million RMB worth of emergency assistance in cash, food and goods, and the World Health Organization and the African Union each with two million US dollars worth of cash aid. According to the World Health Organization’s We have also sent, up till now, 174 medical report released on October 8, the death toll from experts to the affected areas to combat Ebola. On the Ebola outbreak in West Africa has reached September 16, we dispatched a mobile 3,865 people, and more than 8,000 people have laboratory to Sierra Leone to enhance the been infected. I am deeply saddened and laboratory testing capacity for Ebola virus concerned about that. disease (EVD) in the country. What China has Since the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa, the done fully demonstrates that China and African Chinese government and people have shown their countries are friends who support each other in sympathy by taking the lead to offer instant adversity, and showcases the spirit of love upheld assistance, such as cash, epidemic prevention by the Chinese nation. Countries in the affected materials and food. Up to October 10, China’s aid areas, the UN and the World Health Organization had reached 350 million totally, which will highly commend that. continue and expand based on the real need. In The epidemic that is escalating and April, we announced to provide Ebola relief worth spreading in West Africa has posed grave 1 million yuan (about 163,000 U.S. dollars) to challenges to the international community. We Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea-Bissau. are ready to work with countries In August, we delivered a second batch of around the world and make positive emergency humanitarian aid which worth 30 contributions to the fight against the epidemic million yuan in total, including medical protective and the effective prevention and control of the clothes, disinfectants, thermo-detectors and epidemic at an early date. medicines. News From China October 2014 External Affairs 15

News From China September 2014 EXTERNAL AFFAIRS

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang Visits Germany

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (L) and German Chancellor Angela Merkel attend a joint press conference after the third round of bilateral governmental consultations in Berlin, Germany, Oct. 10, 2014. (Xinhua/Li Xueren)

In the afternoon of October 10 local time, strategic and long-term significance of bilateral Premier Li Keqiang co-chaired the third round of relations has been continuously enhanced. The the China-Germany inter-governmental China-Germany relations, as a kind of relationship consultation with Chancellor Angela Merkel of of win-win cooperation at a high level rather than Germany at the Chancellery building in Berlin. simple sell-and-buy ties, boast broad prospects. Twenty-six ministers from both Chinese and The Outline for China-Germany German governments were present at the Cooperation formulated and released by the two consultation. The Chinese Premier and German countries this time covers an extensive and in- Chancellor were briefed by the ministers of both depth content and plays a significant role in sides on the achievements of the bilateral planning and guiding the bilateral medium-to- counterpart consultations in their respective long-term cooperation. Both sides should fields and delivered speeches respectively. earnestly implement it with a long-term Li Keqiang noted that both China and perspective and seek common development, so as Germany are nations with great influence in the to promote China-Germany relations to a new world. With the establishment of bilateral all- high.China is willing to, together with Germany, round strategic partnership this year, the start dialogues on diplomatic and security 16 External Affairs News From China October 2014

s t r a t e g i e s , e n h a n c e communication and coordination on international affairs and jointly promote world peace and prosperity. Li Keqiang pointed out that more new concepts and innovative ideas are needed to ensure the c o n t i n u o u s a n d f u r t h e r development of China-Germany relations on the basis of the current high level. The two sides should develop innovative partnership, focus on innovative cooperation in industry, science and technology, agriculture, e d u c a t i o n , e nv i ro n m e n t a l protection, urbanization, health care, social welfare and other fields on the basis of the spirits of communication, mutual learning, Chinese Premier Li Kequing (C) meets with President of the European Council Herman equality and openness, innovate Van Rompuy (R) and President of The European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso in Milan, Italy, Oct. 15, 2014. (Xinhua/Rao Aimin). cooperation modes, mechanisms and measures, and forge more new land. Both sides will also intensify people-to- highlights that lead the direction of future people and cultural exchanges, identify 2016 as cooperation, so as to push China-Germany the Year of China-Germany Youth Exchanges, push practical cooperation for a higher level. forward the preferential measures for visa Li Keqiang expressed that China stands ready application, and take more measures to facilitate to deepen cooperation with German in economy, bilateral personnel exchanges. trade and investment and intensify cooperation in Li Keqiang said that China welcomes the technology, and expects Germany to export more support offered by Germany in the negotiation of high-tech products to China and to provide China-EU Investment Agreement and hopes that Chinese enterprises with facilitation for their Germany could back the launch of the feasibility investment in Germany. Both sides should study for a China-EU free trade area and promote continue pushing forward cooperation in EU to ease its exports of high-tech products to manufacturing such as electric vehicles, aviation China. Both sides should enhance coordination and aerospace to promote upgrading in industry and cooperation, so as to jointly safeguard the and technology, enhance coordination on macro- openness of world economy and advance the economic policies, bring the role of the global trade liberalization. mechanism of the China-Germany high-level fiscal Angela Merkel expressed that China is an and financial dialogue into full play, and promote important and reliable cooperative partner of the offshore RMB business in Europe. It is hoped Germany and both countries have carried out in- that Germany could solve the problems including depth exchanges and cooperation in politics, over-regulation of the China-funded banks in economy, science and technology, people-to- Germany at an early date. The two nations should people and cultural engagement and other fields, also take the building of the Silk Road Economic reaping fruitful results. Serving as an efficient Belt as opportunities to boost cooperation in platform for the bilateral cooperation, the infrastructure construction, fully tap the potential Germany-China inter-governmental consultation of an international freight-train network linking vigorously boosts the development of bilateral China to Europe and expand the trade corridor on relations and should be well organized in a News From China October 2014 External Affairs 17 continuous manner. Germany is willing to work construction, people-to-people and cultural with the Chinese side to expand cooperation engagement and other fields and act in close fields and scale, focus on development of an coordination in international and regional affairs, innovative partnership of mutual benefit, so as to advance the continuous development of comprehensively deepen cooperation in Germany-China relations and EU-China ties and to economy, trade, investment, industry, agriculture, jointly maintain and promote world peace, science and technology, finance, infrastructure stability and development.

Li Keqiang Meets with Prime Minister Xavier Bettel of Luxembourg

In the morning of October 11 local time, Premier Li Keqiang met with Prime Minister Xavier Bettel of Luxembourg before attending the Hamburg Summit of China- Europe Forum. Li Keqiang said that C h i n a - L u x e m b o u r g relations can be described as a model of friendly co- existence between Eastern and Western countries with different size and population. The two countries enjoy high-level political mutual trust, v i g o r o u s e c o n o m i c cooperation and in-depth Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with Prime Minister of Luxemburg Xavier Bettel prior to financial cooperative the Hamburg Summit in Hamburg, Germany, Oct. 11, 2014. (Xinhua/Wang Ye) relations. China is willing to expand communication and dialogue and Xavier Bettel expressed that Luxembourg- deepen practical cooperation with Luxembourg to China relations enjoy mutual respect, mutual inject more vigor into bilateral relations. benefits and win-win results, and are always full Li Keqiang stressed that China attaches of vigor. Luxembourg is willing to enhance importance to the status and role of Luxembourg cooperation with China in finance and other fields as an international financial center, encourage the and serve as a gateway for Chinese enterprises expansion of the use of local currency in bilateral and financial institutions to enter Europe and trade and investment, and support Luxembourg Euro zone, and welcomes more Chinese to develop off-shore RMB market. I welcome enterprises and banks to develop in the country financial institutions and manufacturing and will provide convenience in this regard. enterprises in Luxembourg to invest in China and Luxembourg stands ready to play a positive hope Luxembourg provide convenience for driving role in the development of Europe-China Chinese enterprises investing and operating in the relations. country. 18 External Affairs News From China October 2014 Li Keqiang Meets with President Martin Schulz of the European Parliament

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with European Parliament President Martin Schulz in Hamburg, Germany, Oct. 11, 2014. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

In the afternoon of October 11 local time, upcoming 10th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Premier Li Keqiang met in Hamburg with Summit in Milan, so as to review the past and map President Martin Schulz of the European out the future and promote the China-EU Parliament. comprehensive strategic partnership for new Li Keqiang expressed that the western and development. I expect the European Parliament to oriental civilizations, as important foundation for continue to play a positive role in this regard. the development of China-Europe relations, have Martin Schulz expressed that China is a learned from each other on the basis of mutual staunch force in maintaining world peace, stability respect and equal treatment. China always and development. The relationship of Europe and supports the integration process of Europe and is China, key partners in dealing with the global willing to see an united prosperous and strong challenges, has far overweighed the bilateral European Union (EU), which conduces to the scope and has an important significance to the world peace, security, cooperation and world. Both sides should treat and develop development. bilateral relations from the global perspective and Li Keqiang pointed out China attaches great in line with the principles of equality, mutual importance to developing its relations with the benefit and mutual respect, and safeguard institutions of the EU including the European common interests and address common Parliament and stands ready to work with the challenges by bridging the differences and rivalry European side in enhancing mutual trust, and conducting frank dialogues and friendly deepening cooperation, expanding common cooperation. The European Parliament stands interests and solving differences through ready to strengthen communications and dialogues and consultations. I look forward to exchanges with the Chinese side, and support the meeting with President Herman Van Rompuy of signing of bilateral investment agreement at an the European Council and President Jose Manuel early date, so as to make positive contributions to Barroso of European Commission during the the development of Europe-China relations. News From China October 2014 External Affairs 19 China, Russia Sign Deals on Energy, High-Speed Railways

Moscow, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) — China and Russia on Monday inked a host of cooperation deals ranging from finance and investment to energy and high-speed railways. Visiting Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and his Russian c o u n t e r p a r t , D m i t r y Medvedev, witnessed the signing of the about 40 agreements after holding the 19th China-Russia Prime Ministers’ Regular Meeting. The documents, including governmental accords and business contracts, also cover trade, people-to-people e x c h a n g e s , a d v a n c e d t e c h n o l o g y, s a t e l l i t e navigation, currency swap and customs. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang(R) meets with Russian President in Moscow, A local currency swap capital of Russia, Oct. 14, 2014. (Xinhua/Rao Aimin) deal worth 150 billion yuan (24.4 billion U.S. dollars) between the central projects in such areas as mining, chemical banks of China and Russia was among the industry, agriculture and infrastructure documents signed, according to a statement construction. issued by the People’s Bank of China. On the trade front, China has been Russia’s The three-year agreement, extendable on largest partner for the past four consecutive years. mutual consent, is expected to facilitate bilateral Two-way trade reached 89.2 billion dollars last trade and direct investment between the two year and plans are afoot to raise the volume to 100 countries. billion dollars by 2015. The frequent meetings between the two China is also ready to advance the countries’ leaders fully indicate that the relations establishment of a Eurasian high-speed transport between China and Russia are strategic, stable corridor linking Beijing and Moscow, Li said, and for the long run, Li said in the talks with adding that the current priority should be the Medvedev. high-speed railway between Moscow and Kazan. Further strengthening bilateral cooperation, Regarding energy cooperation, the Chinese he added, will benefit both the two major premier said Beijing will deepen cooperation with emerging economies themselves and world peace Moscow in nuclear power and energy in an and development at large. integrated way that covers upstream, midstream China stands ready to work with Russia to and downstream industries. translate their comprehensive strategic Since its establishment 65 years ago, the partnership of coordination into more fruits of diplomatic relationship between the two practical cooperation, said the premier. neighboring giants has now reached an “all-time China, he added, would like to enhance high point,” with frequent high-level visits, surging cooperation with Russia on major investment trade and investment and an increasing number of 20 External Affairs News From China October 2014

large-scale projects. Li also encouraged the two sides to further enhance people-to-people exchanges and jointly mark the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II next year. For his part, Medvedev said Russia is willing to promote two-way large-scale investment and advance cooperation with China in areas including trans- portation infrastructure and aviation. Russia and China are close friends and partners, he said. A joint communique issued after the pair’s meeting said the two countries agree to open their markets wider to each other and stand against Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (L) meets with his Russian counterpart Dmitry Medvedev in Moscow, capital of Russia, Oct. 13, 2014. (Xinhua/Li Xueren) trade protectionism. In the document, China and Russia pledge to continue to firmly support They will also expand cooperation in such each other on issues concerning their core areas as civil aviation, aircraft manufacturing and interests, and call for reform of the international peaceful use of nuclear power, said the economic and financial system to meet the needs communique. of the real economy.

China, Italy Agree to Further Promote Partnership

Rome, Oct. 14 (Xinhua) — Visiting Chinese The two countries should strengthen Premier Li Keqiang and his Italian counterpart, cooperation in infrastructure construction, , held talks here Tuesday and energy and financial services, enhance industrial reached broad consensus on comprehensively connection and increase two-way investment, Li promoting bilateral ties. said. The two countries have developed their He added that the Chinese government will relations on a fast track since they forged a continue encouraging Chinese companies to comprehensive strategic partnership in 2004, Li expand investment in Italy and hopes that the said, voicing the hope that the partnership could Italian side will boost legal and policy protection be further strengthened in the coming decade. for Chinese companies and workers and facilitate The Chinese premier urged the two sides to their operations and stay in Italy. earnestly implement the China-Italy three-year The two sides should help small- and medium- action plan for economic cooperation, push sized competitive enterprises expand forward practical cooperation in such areas as cooperation in advanced technology and high-end manufacturing, creative design and emerging industries, give full play to the role of aerospace, and expand bilateral trade. bilateral mechanisms such as the China-Italy China is willing to import more competitive innovation forum, and carry out innovative products from Italy, Li said, while urging Italy to cooperation in major sci-tech projects in such transfer more technologies to China. fields as smart cities, energy, environment and News From China October 2014 External Affairs 21 bio-medicine, Li said. He also suggested that the two countries expand exchanges in education, tourism and other fields, and enhance coordination and cooperation on international and regional affairs. China welcomes a stable, united and prosperous European Union (EU), Li said, while urging Italy to continue playing a constructive role in promoting China-EU ties, which are now at a crucial stage of quality and efficiency improvement. China supports Italy in hosting the 10th Asia-Europe Meeting summit in Milan, and is willing to make concerted efforts Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (L) attends a joint press conference with his Italian counterpart Matteo Renzi after their talks in Rome, Italy, Oct. 14, 2014. with Italy to push forward peace, (Xinhua/Rao Aimin) s e c u r i t y, d e v e l o p m e n t , prosperity and cooperation in expand cooperation with China in such fields as both Asia and Europe, he added. trade and economy, two-way investment, energy, Renzi expressed full agreement with Li’s science and technology and culture. proposal on further developing China-Italy He said China is welcome to actively relations, saying that Italy attaches great participate in the 2015 Milan World Expo and Italy importance to bilateral ties and would like to fully wishes the China Pavilion a splendid success. I t a ly we l c o m e s m o re Chinese investment and tourists and will offer convenience for them, the prime minister said. Italy, he added, supports cooperation between Europe and China as well as that between Europe and Asia, and will maintain close communication and coordination with the C h i n e s e s i d e o n m a j o r international issues. After their talks, the pair witnessed the signing of a series of bilateral deals. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang met with Latvian President Andris Berzins and Finnish Prime Minister Alexander Stubb, respectively, in Milan on Friday. The meetings took place on the sidelines of the 10th Asia Europe Meeting (ASEM) S u m m i t h e l d h e re f ro m Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with Latvia's President Andris Berzins, in Milan, Italy, Oct. 17, 2014. (Xinhua/Li Xueren) Thursday to Friday. 22 External Affairs News From China October 2014

While meeting with Berzins, Li conveyed Chinese President Xi Jinping’s greetings to him. Hailing the progress of bilateral ties over the years, Li called for joint efforts to maintain sound momentum of China-Latvia relations and expand cooperation in such areas as high- speed railway,agricultural products processing and cultural exchanges. Latvia will hold the European Union (EU) rotating presidency in the first half of next year. Li said China hopes to work closely with the country to promote stable growth of China-EU ties. The Chinese premier hoped Latvia to play a larger role in boosting China-EU ties as well as cooperation between China Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (R) meets with Finnish Prime Minister Alexander Stubb, in Milan, Italy, Oct. 17, 2014. (Xinhua/Zhang Duo) and Central and East European countries (CEEC). China appreciates Finland’s open attitude for Speaking highly of cooperation with China in China’s participation in the Arctic cooperation, he such areas as economy, trade and culture, Berzins said, vowing to keep close coordination with the vowed stronger ties with China and positive country in international and regional affairs. participation in CEEC-China cooperation as well Li told Stubb China attaches great importance as in the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt. to its ties with the EU, calling on Finland’s While meeting with Stubb, Li urged both continued efforts to promote China-EU ties. countries to expand two-way trade and Stubb, for his part, spoke highly of China’s cooperation in technological innovation, achievements in its reform and opening-up as well environmental protection and information as its rapid economic growth. communications. Finland values its relations with China, he As next year marks the 65th anniversary of said, vowing to facilitate bilateral cooperation in China-Finland diplomatic ties, Li urged to nail such areas as technology, communication, clean down blueprint for future high-level cooperation. energy and clean technology.

Chinese FM Urges Enhancement of Strategic Trust with U.S.

Washington, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) — Chinese non-conflict, non-confrontation, mutual respect Foreign Minister Wang Yi met here on Wednesday and win-win cooperation. with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, expressing “This meets our common interests and the the hope that the two sides will further enhance interests of the international community. It is also strategic trust and reduce misjudgment. in line with the trend of human progress,” he said. Noting that the common interests between Comparing the China-U.S. relationship to a China and the far outweigh their giant ship sailing on the sea, the foreign minister differences, Wang stressed that there are more said it will not be a smooth sailing as there will be and more fields in which the two countries could various risks and challenges on the voyage. and should cooperate with each other. “It requires both sides to work jointly to keep As the world’s largest developing country and the ship on the right course, keep injecting largest developed country, he said, China and the impetus for it to forge ahead, and at the same time, United States need to work together to build a work together to properly handle hidden rocks new type of major-country relationship featuring and shoals,” he said. News From China October 2014 External Affairs 23

In the meantime, Wang said China attaches great importance to U.S. President ’s trip to Beijing next month to attend the informal leaders’ meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum and pay a state visit. He urged the two sides to work together to ensure the visit scores fruitful results in guiding the future development of China-U.S. ties. Wang suggested the two countries accelerate the negotiation on a bilateral investment treaty and make more arrangements for visa reciprocity so as to facilitate two-way investment and personal exchanges. In addition, he noted that China is forging ahead an anti-corruption campaign and stands ready to enhance cooperation with the U.S. side in criminal manhunt and illicit-money recovery, adding that the United States should not be a safe haven for corrupt officials. On military cooperation, Wang stressed that the two sides should consolidate and expand the positive momentum of the development of their military ties and strive to establish a mutual notification mechanism on major military operations as well as a code of conduct on military security in international waters and space. China and the United States, said Wang, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (L) meets with U.S. should also enhance communication and Secretary of State John Kerry in Washington D.C. , the United States, on Oct. 1, 2014. (Xinhua/Bao Dandan) cooperation in the fight against climate change and make it a new highlight of bilateral country relationship with China, and that the two cooperation. sides “want to show a new model of relations in On the Ebola epidemic, he urged the two which we broaden our cooperation on the countries to bring their respective advantages common interests and constructively manage into full play and make joint efforts in helping those differences so that we can be as effective as some Western African countries combat the possible.” epidemic. In addition, he said Washington would never In parallel, Wang said China supports the seek to contain China and its Asia-Pacific pivotal international community in strengthening strategy is never targeted at China. cooperation on anti-terrorism and is willing to He added that Washington is willing to work deepen cooperation with the U.S. side in this with Beijing to make certain that Obama’s regard. upcoming China visit will be a success. On regional cooperation, he suggested the two The top U.S. diplomat urged the two countries countries jointly push for economic integration of to strengthen strategic communication, enhance the Asia-Pacific region. cooperation in various fields and jointly face up to Fo r h i s p a r t , Ke r r y ex te n d e d h i s challenges brought by a range of international and congratulations on the 65th anniversary of the regional issues such as climate change, terrorism, founding of the People’s Republic of China, saying the Ebola epidemic, the nuclear issue of the that his country welcomes a peaceful, prosperous Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the and stable China and one that plays constructive nuclear issue of Iran, among others. and leading roles in international affairs. The two countries should mange and control Kerry said that the United States is firmly their differences in a constructive manner, which committed to building a new type of major- will meet the interests of both sides, he added. 24 Chinese Enterprises in India News From China October 2014

CHINESE ENTERPRISES IN INDIA

The Biggest Chinese Greenfield Project in Haryana – Wanfeng Aluminum wheel (India) Private limited

Located in Xinchang of Province, Wanfeng Auto Holding Group is one of the biggest conglomerates in China. The group has diversified interests in various sectors like automotive engine, alloy wheels, machinery, financial investment, new alternative energy and new material. With the continuous innovation and persistence for 20 years, Wanfeng has become the biggest Aluminum alloy wheel manufacturer in the world. The customer base of Wanfeng is spread across all over the world. These prestigious customers boast of International recognition such as Auto Manufacturers of Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen and Motorcycle Manufacturers of Honda, Hero, Bajaj,Yamaha, and TVS. With the ambitious plan of expansion outside China for next decade, Wanfeng Aluminum wheel (India) Private limited is the first step of the globe strategy. As the Group’s first overseas Wholly-Owned subsidiary The facility is located in Bawal Industrial in Asia, it is also Wanfeng’s bold initiative to setup Model Township, Rewari, Haryana state, India. It a green field project with world class will be one of India’s biggest and most advanced manufacturing facility for aluminum wheels. two wheeler alloy wheel manufacturing factory. The plant is being built over an area of 18.5 acres plot with built up area as 39450 sq meters. The setup is planned for three manufacturing plants, one office building and other ancillary facilities. The whole producing procedure including raw material purchase, processing package and transportation will all be processed in india. It aims to expand the production capacity in two phases to 6 million units per annum with the total investment of 66 million USD at least. This project is the biggest News From China October 2014 Chinese Enterprises in India 25

Chinese foreign direct investment in Haryana sense of responsibility towards the community state for now. The construction was commenced and environment, we shall express our citizenship with foundation stone laying ceremony in May of through the waste and pollution reduction 2014. The project is progressing at an aggressive processes and by contributing educational and pace with a target commissioning date of May social programs and by earning adequate returns 2015 for the first production lines with 3million on the employed resources. Wanfeng first units per year. It will contribute the various taxes expanded its customer base to India in 2004 and of total ca.150million Rupees in average each year since then India has become the largest market for to the local and central governments of India after two wheeler alloy wheels which accounts for 75% its successful commencement of production. of the whole sales each year. India has the What’s more, the project would generate potential to remain the most promising market in direct employment for 800 employees of which the coming decade. We have reassured its above 90% are native Indian including office staff commitment and willingness to Indian market by and plant operators in terms of multifold setting up this plant. employment. For now we are pleased to have many Indian Colleagues to join our company. This Indian team is still in growing and some of them are the experts in the domain of industry. As the big start of series t r a i n i n g s f o r I n d i a n employees, we have sent the first batch of Indian managers to China for initial training about occupation and culture with two weeks in September. The remaining supervisors from manufacturing and quality departments are g o i n g t o C h i n a f o r professional trainings with This Green Field Project was initiated in 2012. one month in the next year earlier. The staff Research team from China explored and studied trainings will be also conducted in the same time the entry strategy to India for one year. The State to improve their professional skills to make sure of Haryana was finalized as the target destination the good launch of production line. due to its proximity to our customers. In order to protect employees’ rights and As one of the Chinese investors in India, we profit, we have already set up a special will follow the local laws and rules and respect the organization to take care of the interest of traditions and religions as well as inherit the employees. From time to time various activities Wanfeng philosophy of “Happy work and Happy and communication will take place to enrich staff life”. The company will promote a harmonious life. It will help us to integrate into the local relationship between employer and employee society. There will also be certain department and create cross cultural association between under trade union to settle dispute issues among Chinese and Indian staff to be the good leading workers. alloy wheel manufacturer not only in India, but Meanwhile, we are trying to create a positive also in the world. impact on society while doing business. With the 26 Chinese Enterprises in India News From China October 2014

A Glance of Chinese Enterprises in India

Mr. , the then Chief Minister of Gujarat met with the Chinese enterprisers of HIGNLY INDIA on Jan.12,2013.

CHENGUANG BIO-TECH (INDIA) PRIVATE LIMITED was incorporated as a private limited company on Sept.7,2010 at Mudigonda (v&m), Khammam, Andhra Pradesh of India. The company is purchasing huge quantity of dry red chillis from local farmers and traders. Chinese Enterprises in India News From China October 2014 27

The completed tunnel of Delhi metro CC01 which was constructed by the cooperation of China's CRFG and PRATIBHA of India.

Indian and Chinese workers are celebrating for GMR Kamalanga Thermal Plant by Chinese SEPCOII achieved COD on April 2013. 28 Chinese Enterprises in India News From China October 2014

People on the Ceremony to celebrate the achievement of COD for GMR Kamalanga Thermal Plant Contracted by Chinese SEPCOII.

Technicians of Shanghai Urban Construction Group(SUCG) in India are monitoring the TBM Tunneling carefully. News From China October 2014 Reviving the Silk Road 29

REVIVING THE SILK ROAD

Silk Road Made Great Contributions to Dialogue of Civilizations

Rhodes, Sept. 27 (Xinhua) — The Silk Road During the five-hour round table meeting has made great contributions to the dialogue of scholars, such as Professor Yang Taibao, Deputy civilizations, economic development and cultural Dean of the College of Earth and Environmental exchanges between Asia and Europe in the past, Sciences and Director of the Institute of Glaciology experts said on Sept. 27,2014. and Eco geography in Lanzhou University, During the 12th Rhodes Forum on the Greek explained the reasons why China promotes the island of Rhodes, Chinese and foreign scholars project since 2013 and the great benefits awaiting also presented the benefits for all parties from the a major part of our world. planned resurrection of the Silk Road in the “The Silk Road was a platform for peaceful future. cooperation. Today we are constantly searching Experts from Lanzhou University with the for the ideal path for China’s development. The support of their colleagues in other universities new Silk Road is a new measure of developing from Shanghai to Canada hosted a workshop on cooperation with other countries linked to the the sidelines the ongoing 12th World Public reform policy,” he said. Forum “Dialogue of Civilizations”. “The economic development belt of the Silk The workshop, “The Silk Road: the Past and Road will form a new strategic architecture of full the Future of Dialogue of Civilizations”, attracted openness of China,” Professor Li Xin, Director of the interest of several delegates from the forum. the Center for Russian and Central Asian Studies

12th Annual Session of the Rhodes Forum held by the World Public Forum finished its work on Greek island of Rhodes on Sept.28,2014. 30 Reviving the Silk Road News From China October 2014

at Shanghai Institute for International Studies, adding that Russia’s parallel plan for the creation of a Tran Siberian railway economic belt should be connected to the Silk Road belt. Taking the floor Mikhail Molchanov, Professor at the Department of Political Science of St Thomas University in Canada, agreed that “the two major projects promoted by Beijing and Moscow will A scene of China's vast westland. complement each other and bring benefits to all states.” Ding Shuqin, Vice Dean of the School of Foreign The task will not be easy. Pointing to troubled Languages and Literatures at Lanzhou University, Ukraine Molchanov suggested that attention noted, concluding that it could happen again. should be paid along the way to political tensions “The Silk Road was an early model for which sometimes mar or undermine regional internationalization, a corridor for political and economic integration. economic exchanges, as well as for global culture Funding could also be a challenge, professor communication,” Yang Lijuan, lecturer at the Vasily Simchera of the European University of School of Economics at Lanzhou University said, Right JUSTO, added. Although about a dozen sharing the optimism over the positive impact of countries from India to Australia have already the new Silk Road on trans-border cooperation. expressed interest to allocate part of the 50 billion “The new Silk Road project is creating a new dollars initial capital needed according to model of wider cooperation which does not estimates, feasibility studies should show ignore collaboration with our partners in other whether the new Silk Road is efficient to change regions across the world,” Professor Wang the existing paradigm, he argued. Xiaowen, Vice Dean of the School of Economics at However, most participants stressed that the Lanzhou University assured. benefits would be enormous, not limited to For Professor Wu Wangsuo, Dean of School of financial terms, and the project is most worthy of Nuclear Science and Technology at Lanzhou the efforts. University, the new Silk Road includes the “The new Silk Road will promote economic peaceful use and development of nuclear power development and social- cultural ties, bringing which is a strategic goal in the Chinese future peoples along the way closer,” Professor Gao energy structure. Yongjiu, Director of the Center for Studies of For Estonian writer Khelyu Rebane, who was Ethnic Minorities in in Lanzhou among the audience, there is no doubt that the University and Dean of Ethnology Institute, attempt should be made. Her latest book is titled explained, addressing the event. “Egoism, Altruism.” “In the past many cultures were connected “There is so much egoism on this planet and so through the Silk Road. It was a central link in the little altruism. We hope to change it. Such great trade web which transferred new technologies, projects could definitely help by strengthening trends and traditions. Not only goods were cooperation among peoples,” she told Xinhua. exchanged, but ideas and attitudes,” Professor That is the ultimate target of the annual News From China October 2014 Reviving the Silk Road 31

Rhodes Forum which was co-founded by Russian businessmen from 60 countries across the globe. Vladimir Yakunin, Indian C. Kapur and Greek N. A century after the First World War the theme Papanikolao: to support the better understanding of this year’s gathering which opened on and collaboration worldwide. Thursday and ends on Sunday is “Preventing This year the forum has attracted about 400 World War through Global Solidarity - 100 years scholars, state institutions, representatives of on”. non-governmental groups, media and

Rebuilding the Silk Road

China and other countries along the ancient trade route are working to rejuvenate economic ties shared for millennia. As a land-entry port and border market connecting China and Kazakhstan, Horgos is known as a border station in the Uygur autonomous region’s Ili Kazakh autonomous prefecture. Its history can be traced back to China’s Sui Dynasty (AD 581- 618), when the port served as part of the Silk students. Road’s trade routes. During his visit to Kazakhstan in September Around 2,000 years ago, caravans of camels 2013, President Xi Jinpingproposed that China carrying goods followed specific routes across and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road Eurasia, crossing mountains and deserts, and Economic Belt. The idea has been echoed in linking the continent’s east and west through the Central Asian countries. trade of silk, jewelry, handicrafts, spices and The combined population of the belt’s seeds. countries is nearly 4 billion. The Silk Road was a practical route for trade The belt connects the Asia-Pacific economic and cultural exchange, connecting China and circle in the east and the European economic circle European countries since around 100 BC, with in the west. Countries along the belt have great Central Asia as the intermediate station. It became potential to cooperate in many fields. These prosperous in China’s Tang Dynasty, when the include infrastructure, transportation, tourism, capital of ancient China, Chang’an (today’s Xi’an), finance, energy, telecommunications, agriculture was opening up and hosted envoys from over 70 and manufacturing. countries, including foreign government and Now the journey’s eastern destination, the religious delegations, merchants and overseas world’s second-largest economy, is devoting itself 32 Reviving the Silk Road News From China October 2014

to rejuvenating the Silk Road and bringing new economic impetus to countries along the ancient route. Since 2010, major Chinese cities, including Chengdu, Chongqing, Xi’an, , Wuhan and Yiwu, have launched weekly or monthly block- t r a i n s e r v i c e s t o European and Central Asian destinations. This is part of China’s effort to turn its inland resources and labor-rich cities into international trade hubs. A resident rides a motorcycle in the Zhangye National Danxia Geopark in Zhangye, province.(Source: China Daily) A “ S i l k R o a d E c o n o m i c B e l t ” Development and Reform Commission and some agreement was signed by 24 cities from eight ministries, Fan Hengshan, deputy secretary countries along the Silk Road last November to general of the commission, said recently. boost multilateral cooperation, development and The plan will develop both inland and coastal prosperity. (Source: China Daily) areas, as well as less prosperous middle and China drafting plan for Silk Road western regions. cooperation Industrial transfer from east to west will narrow the regional development gap and China is drawing up a plan for the Silk Road nurture new growth points amid the economic Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk slowdown, Fan said. Road. The plan was being devised by the National The concepts of the belt and maritime route were firstly proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in last year, and reiterated by Premier Li Keqiang at the Boao Forum in April. S t r e n g t h e n i n g economic ties along the t w o r o u t e s i s a n opportunity for the c o u n t r y t o p u s h forward opening up and maintain economic advances. T h e S i l k R o a d connected China and European from around A group of tourists climb the ancient walls of Shaanxi province's capital Xi'an.(Source: China Daily) 100 B.C., while the News From China October 2014 Reviving the Silk Road 33

maritime Silk Road was used by Chinese The initiative comes under China’s strategic merchants to move silk, ceramics and tea to vision of the Silk Road Economic Belt, a overseas markets. strengthened set of trade infrastructures along the ancient Silk Road. 19 Cities to Develop Silk Road Tourism China will cooperate with countries along the Nineteen Chinese and foreign cities along the Silk Road to issue more tourist-friendly policies, Silk Road issued a declaration that they will jointly set up promotion platforms and boost develop tourism along the ancient trade route in interconnection along the route, said Shao Qiwei, June of the year. The cities will promote tourist head of China’s National Tourism Administration. itineraries and explore tourism resources to The 19 cities will hold tourism expos and rejuvenate the area and seek mutual benefit, forums in 2014. according to the declaration, issued at the opening The Silk Road Economic Belt was first ceremony of the fourth Silk Road International proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping last Tourism Festival in Zhangye City of northwest year. Strengthening economic ties along the route China’s Gansu Province. is seen as an opportunity for China to continue its The 19 cities include some in China’s Shaanxi, opening up to the world and maintain economic Gansu, Ningxia, , Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang advances. and , as well as in Belarus, Ukraine, The Silk Road connected China and Europe Bahrain, Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Saudi from around 100 B.C.. Arabia, Malaysia and .

"Green Silk Road," New Engine for World Sustainable Development

The ancient Silk Road once connected the East Belt should not repeat history by pursuing and West by traversing through desert. Two development at the cost of the environment. thousand years later, countries along the road are HISTORICAL LESSONS striving to revive the path together, but in a “green” way. “The ancient kingdom of Loulan has been At the annual conference of the Eco Forum buried in desert, and historic towns and Global held in Guiyang, capital of southwest architecture have fallen into ruins. We must learn China’s Province, former or current lessons from history and never make the same leaders and experts from around the world mistake,” said Dai Bingguo, former Chinese state agreed the construction of the Silk Road Economic councillor. 34 Reviving the Silk Road News From China October 2014

Loulan, also called Kroraina, was one of the people increasingly complain about smoggy pivotal stops along the Silk Road, located in what weather, polluted water and chemical projects is now northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur that may threaten their living environment. Autonomous Region. It gradually became a wild “Apart from peace, security, development and desert region around the 3rd Century A.D. job security, most of the countries along the Silk Road have agreed that the common goal of sound e c o l o g y i s e q u a l l y important,” Dai said, adding the common goal is expected to promote i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o - operation on environ- mental protection, he said. Two thousand years ago, Zhang Qian, a diplomat of the , was dispatched as envoy to the Western Regions, or today ’s Dai said the Chinese government is drafting a central and west Asia, which later contributed to plan to build a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st the exploration of the Silk Road. Six hundred years Century Maritime Silk Road, emphasizing ago, Zheng He, a noted navigator of the Ming construction of an “ecological civilization.” Dynasty (1368-1644), was sent overseas as envoy Last year, President Xi Jinping proposed the at the head of a large fleet on seven voyages, the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century longest of which took him to the equator on the Maritime Silk Road during his visits to Kazakhstan eastern African coast. Both of their trips greatly in September and Indonesia in October, and was boosted cultural and economic exchange and echoed by many other governments. development between China and other countries, As most of the countries involved are contributing to world civilization and progress. developing countries, a key issue is balancing Unlike Western navigators, whose voyages development and environmental protection, he ended up in colonization, Zheng He and his crew said. members strengthened trade development with Because of rapid industrialization and other countries based on China’s culture of unity urbanization, countries like China are facing and moderation, said former Australian Prime growing pressure from the environment. Chinese Minister Kevin Rudd. News From China October 2014 Culture & Life 35

PRESSING CHALLENGE business potential. Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt The world’s population is expected to reach 8 could release huge economic potential and, with billion by 2025, and human consumption of environmental protection measures, become a resources, material and energy is sure to grow. new engine for China and the world’s sustainable Under such circumstances, protecting the development, said former Thai Deputy Prime environment with limited natural resources while Minister Surakiart Sathirathai. trying to solve poverty has become one of the Maltese Prime Minister Joseph Muscat said world’s most pressing challenges, according to properly handling the relationship between Rudd. economic growth and environmental protection is China, with its deep-rooted philosophy of “the very foundation” to tackle global harmony and moderation, will help tackle global environmental challenges. challenges by joining hands with other countries Tu Xinquan, deputy head of the China Institute in unity, he said. for WTO Studies at the University of International “The central concept of the Silk Road is Business and Economics, said when China contacts, connectivity and communications,” he proposed the new Silk Road belt and maritime Silk said, indicating that mutual understanding and Road, it had no intentions of pressing open any communication are vital for countries involved in market. he said,”Instead, it draws upon the lessons the Silk Road Economic Belt. in history and its own experiences in hopes of Despite various challenges, the pursuit of blazing a win-win path through sharing green growth has also provided opportunities for knowledge and collaborating with developing Silk Road countries, which have a combined countries.” population of 3 billion, including jobs and

CULTURE & LIFE

Double Nine Festival

Chongyang Festival is exclusively celebrated by the Han Chinese. According to the conception of folk custom, the number “nine” is a homophone of “¾Ã” (jiu, for a long time), thus the Double Ninth refers to “¾Ã¾Ã”, which carries the meaning of “long-lasting life” or “longevity”. After it was specified as the “Senior Citizens Day”, the festival has been focused more on the traditional virtues of honoring, respecting, loving, and helping the September 9 of the lunar calendar is the old. traditional Chongyang Festival, which is also Random Talks on Chongyang called “Double Nine Festival” or “Senior Citizens Origin Day”. The Chongyang Festival is a traditional September 9 of the lunar calendar is the festival mingling various folk customs, and unlike traditional Chongyang Festival. As the Book of other festivals that are shared by multi ethnic Changes specifies “six” as a number of yin and groups such as the Spring Festival, the Dragon “nine” a number of yang, so September 9 has the Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Day etc, the 36 Culture & Life News From China October 2014

yang number in both month and day, two “nines” that in the Eastern Han Dynasty, a great plague meeting on this day, thus the name “Chongyang” occurred in Runan County. There was a man (dual yang) or “Chongjiu” (dual nine). However, named Huan Jing whose parents died from the the title “Chongyang Festival” did not appear in plague, so he went to Zhongnan Mountain to learn records until the Three Kingdoms Period, when Cao Pi mentioned it in Writing to Zhong Yao on the Double Ninth Day.

skills to subjugate the plague. An immortal named Fei Zhangfang sent him a blue dragon sword capable of subjugating evil spirits. Huan Jing woke up early and slept late, devoted wholeheartedly to learning the skills. One day, Fei Zhangfang said to The origin of the Chongyang Festival can be him, “The plague demon is coming on September traced back to the Pre-Qin Dynasty. According to 9. Go back to get rid of the demon now.” He then Master Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals, the handed to Huan Jing a bag of dogwood leaves and a activities of sacrifice to gods and bottle of chrysanthemum wine, asking the latter to ancestors in September when the crops were call for his town fellows to ascend the heights to harvested to express the gratitude had been avoid the disaster. Thereafter Huan Jing left the practiced at that time. It is said that from the Han immortal and returned to his hometown. Right on Dynasty on, the custom of praying for longevity on September 9, Huan Jing led his wife, children as the Chongyang Festival came into being. It was well as his hometown fellows to climb up a resulted from the influence of ancient wizard’s mountain nearby. Huan Jing handed out the (Taoist’s) pursuit of eternal life and taking dogwood leaves to the others so that the plague collected herbal medicine. In the mean time, the demon dared not get close. He then poured the activity of large-scale banquet is evolved from the chrysanthemum wine out and had each one take a feast of celebrating a bumper harvest in the Pre- sip to avoid the plague. Finally, Huan Jing fought Qin Dynasty. against the plague demon and killed the demon at By the time of the Three Kingdoms Period, the last. As a result, the people living along the Ruhe customs practiced on the Chongyang Festival had River have been handing down until now the basically been fixed. The theme of the festival stories of ascending heights to avoid the disaster mainly included praying for longevity, wearing and Huan Jing’s killing of the plague demon on dogwood spray, brewing chrysanthemum wine, September 9. From then on, the Chongyang appreciating chrysanthemums, sacrificing to the Festival started to be celebrated and the custom of wine god, and so on. When the tradition has been ascending the heights on the Double Nine Festival carried down until today, more connotations like was formed. respecting the old have been added, which has Others endowed the festival with greater significance. Universality: Festivals for the Elders in Other Legend Countries As A Sequel to Records of Qixie by Wu Jun of the ”Grandmother’s Day” in France: the first Liang State in the Southern Dynasty goes: It is said Monday of each March.”Smile Day” in Canada: June News From China October 2014 Culture & Life 37

21 every year, a day to respect the elders. ”Respect day specially set for mothers, hence also called for the Aged Day” in Japan: a traditional day on “Mother’s Day”. September 15. ”Grandparents Day” in America: In Internationalization: the International Senior 1978, the then US President Jimmy Carter signed a Citizens Day p r o p o s a l w h i c h In 1991, the 45th session of the United Nations suggested that the General Assembly unanimously adopted No. 106 first Monday after Resolution, which stipulates that October 1 should the American Labor be the International Senior Citizens Day. As an D a y i n e a c h officially acknowledged day for the elders, the September should be International Senior Citizens Day aims at the “Grandparents promoting the general public’s awareness on Day ” of the US. aging of population, namely, the coming of “aging ”Senior Citizens Day” era”. Each man gets old one day, therefore, to some in Greece: every year degree, to care for the health of the elders means to in autumn, a special care for one’s own future, and care for the future of day will be selected as the “Senior Citizens Day” to human society as well. be celebrated in Crete of Greece. ”Senior Citizens Day” in Central Africa: each year on May 20; it is a

Liu Kefeng, an Expert in Turning Waste into Wealth

Xinhuanet — Liu Kefeng was born in 1955. He is a p r o f e s s o r a t B e i j i n g Agricultural College who has d e d i c a t e d h i m s e l f t o t r a n s f o r m i n g a n i m a l droppings into useful fertilizer for over 20 years. His research g r o u p h a s m a d e g r e a t achievements through their discovery of a high efficiency, low cost and easy to operate transforming technology. Beilangzhong Village used to be a mess, with pig droppings piled high, flies humming around and waste water flowing rampantly through the streets and Liu Kefeng (Photo: china.org.cn) ditches. In 1997, cadres in the village turned to Liu Kefeng in hope of solving build an organic fertilizer factory and overcame a their pollution and recycling problem. Liu and his great number of difficulties and harsh conditions. group members settled there for 18 years to study It was not uncommon for them to study in a room the pig excrement and attempt to invent an of less than 15 square metres, filled with organic fertilizer derived from it. They helped to excrement piled a half-metre high, for more than 38 Culture & Life News From China October 2014

two hours. This special memory has left a deep threat to the environment of Beijing. Because of impression on each of the members. Fortunately, the great disparity between pig and cattle their efforts paid off. Not only have they been able droppings, Professor Liu Kefeng had to start the to devise an appropriate system for disposing of new project from scratch. “Sometimes we would the animal droppings, but they also transformed wait beside a cow for a fresh sample, and our shoes them into fairly effective fertilizer which has would end up getting buried by droppings,” recalls successfully been applied to the farmland. Professor Wang, a colleague of Liu. There is no sign Beilangzhong Village has already become the of cattle droppings in the streets now, and the air most beautiful village in Beijing. has become clean and fresh again. Liu admits that few people were willing to Pollution caused by animal excrement has take on the job of researching excrement and been a global issue for years. Liu and his group in waste. When he needed to solve a garbage sorting China have succeeded in solving the problem and problem in 1993, he and two professors had to turning the waste into wealth, greatly improving take sampling tests in the scrap heap all day. “My the environment of the country and opening up a wife did not allow me to enter the house,” said Liu new channel of agricultural recycling. Unlike laughingly. The results of this experiment later many other countries, China is endeavoring to laid the foundation for the garbage classification develop technology with low cost and low energy standards in Beijing. consumption. The fruits of Liu’s experiments have The same story took place in another village been applied to dozens of testing fields, and it is plagued by cattle droppings. Over 10,000 cattle estimated that they will create huge social and brought the village economic prosperity, but they economic benefits worth over 2 billion yuan. also brought severe pollution, even posing a

Young Woman with Brain Tumor Devoted to Charities

Xinhuanet— Having been diagnosed with a her, and health problems again haunted her life. cerebral vascular tumor when she was 13 years But the emergence of volunteer groups after old, Zi Rong, a native of Yunnan province who was born in 1984, would have given up her life, had her mother not encouraged the suffering girl to pull herself together and receive treatment. Six years passed, and after putting up with severe pains which sporadically attacked her day and night, Zi Rong had grown into a capable woman who built a successful career and led a moderately comfortable life with a car and an apartment in Beijing in 2003. But the potential danger inside her body did not loosen its g r i p . I n 2 0 0 8 , s eve re eye inflammation which caused her to temporarily lose her sight changed Zi Rong (Photo: china.org.cn) News From China October 2014 Culture & Life 39 the devastating Wenchuan Earthquake that year charity events, they are often astonished to find reignited Zi’s hopes. She joined some of these their problems are solved by the sense of reward groups and felt great satisfaction from assisting they get from helping others. needy people, inspiring her philanthropist spirit. Yet the pain of Zi’s adolescent illness still Zi later established a charity organization called lingers. In 2011, she was diagnosed with “Care for Flower Buds,” which focuses on the spondylitis, a spinal abnormality, while the tumor psychological health of young people as well as inside the brain caused a digestive disorder that impoverished and disabled children. The caused her to vomit uncontrollably. organization is also involved in activities Despite her serious illnesses, Zi remains promoting care for elderly people and assists in optimistic. She hopes to build a psychological environmental protection programs. healthcare center for children with healthy bodies The majority of the volunteers in the but traumatized hearts. organization are young people in their 20s and “It would be so great if my organization could 30s, some of whom joined the group because of eventually do this,” she said. their own problems. But when they participate in

Features

Group wedding of Chinese traditional style held in Hangzhou 40 Culture & Life News From China October 2014

Newly-married couples participate in a group wedding on the in Hangzhou, capital of 's Zhejiang Province, Oct. 6, 2014. A total of 100 couples from 19 countries took part in a group wedding of Chinese traditional style in Hangzhou on Monday. (Xinhua/Ju Huanzong)

Newly-married couples on a old-style-boat during a group wedding at the West Lake in Hangzhou News From China October 2014 Culture & Life 41

Newly-married couples walk on a red carpet during a group wedding at the West Lake in Hangzhou

A newly-married couple from Nepal and Pakistan walk on a red carpet during a group wedding at the West Lake in Hangzhou, capital of east China's Zhejiang Province, Oct. 6, 2014. 42 Culture & Life News From China October 2014

Tourism Booms in China’s Qinghai

People tour the Caka Salt Lake in northwest China's Qinghai Province, Oct. 2, 2014. Tourism is booming in Qinghai Province, with more than 16 million tourist arrivals in the first eight months, said the provincial tourism bureau. Tourist arrivals in the province are forecast to see a record high during the National Day holiday from Oct. 1 to 7. (Xinhua/Wu Gang)

People tour the Taer Monastery in northwest China's Qinghai Province, Oct. 3, 2014. News From China October 2014 Culture & Life 43

Bike riders rest at the lakeside of the Qinghai Lake in northwest China's Qinghai Province, Oct. 2, 2014. Tourism is booming in Qinghai Province, with more than 16 million tourist arrivals in the first eight months, said the provincial tourism bureau. Tourist arrivals in the province are forecast to see a record high during the National Day holiday from Oct. 1 to 7. (Xinhua/Wu Gang)

Bike riders rest at the lakeside of the Qinghai Lake in northwest China's Qinghai Province, Oct. 2, 2014. Tourism is booming in Qinghai Province, with more than 16 million tourist arrivals in the first eight months, said the provincial tourism bureau. Tourist arrivals in the province are forecast to see a record high during the National Day holiday from Oct. 1 to 7. (Xinhua/Wu Gang) 44 Indians’ Image of China News From China October 2014

INDIANS’ IMAGE OF CHINA

An Honor From China

by Priyadarsi Mukherji

It was indeed a great honor when I received the Special Book Award of China. On 26 August 2014, the Chinese Vice-Premier M s . L i u Y u a n d o n g conferred the award on me at a grand ceremony held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. I was among the ten a w a r d - w i n n e r s comprising of writers, translators and pub- lishers. The event was organized by the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film Chinese Vice-Premier Ms. Liu Yuandong(R,1st) conferred the Special Book Award of China to and Television of the Prof. Priyadarsi Mukherji (L,2nd) at the Great Hall of the People, Beijing on 26 August 2014. People’s Republic of (Photo by Guan Feng) China. At the award China recognized the number of works that I ceremony I delivered my lecture in Chinese which translated from Chinese into Bengali, Hindi and was commended unequivocally by every listener English, and my monographed books on Chinese in the audience, even the program anchor, and culture, literature and language over the last 25 most notably by the Chinese Vice-Premier, for my years. All my works are themed around China. My perfect Chinese accent and a self-composed Tang- translated works include “Poems of Lu Xun”, “An styled poem in Chinese—”The Morning Melody”. Anthology of Contemporary Chinese Poetries”, This time my added delight was the fact that I “Poems and Fables of Ai Qing”, “Cross-Cultural could take along my wife and daughter to Beijing Impressions: Ai Qing, Pablo Neruda and Nicolas for this grand award ceremony. Guillen”, “Complete Poems of Mao Zedong and the The award ceremony held in the Great Hall of Literary Analysis”, and “The Prison Diary of Ho Chi the People added grandeur to the occasion. China Minh during his captivity in China”. My honored me in recognition of my long-term monographs, based on several years of research, outstanding contribution to the translation and include “Chinese and Tibetan Societies through publication of Chinese works, and cultural Folk Literature”, “Chinese Sounds and Syllables: A exchanges between India and China. The award Handbook for Indians”, and two voluminous ceremony was preceded by a press conference at books on Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and the the Beijing International Hotel, and an exclusive Indian National Army with an unconventional meeting with the Chinese Vice-Premier at the dimension to the study of modern Indian history. Central Hall of the Great Hall of the People. News From China October 2014 Indians’ Image of China 45

Other Distinctions and the Chinese Bond Apart from many other honors, I have been the first Indian to have won the China Cultural Research Scholarship in 2002, during which I delved deep into the Chinese archives and found several documents pertaining to the history of Indian independence movement. I was also the first Visiting Professor deputed by the ICCR to the prestigious chair of Indian studies at Shenzhen University, China, 2008-09. My bond with China and Chinese dates back to 1979 when I first started learning Chinese at the higher secondary standard under Visva-Bharati University founded by the world-renowned poet Rabindranath Tagore. Having opted for humanities subjects, I created a record by scoring higher than the science subject students—with Chinese as my scoring instrument. Later in 1981, I took up Chinese as my major at the levels of Bachelors and Masters at JNU. In 1986, after my post-graduation in Chinese, I got a scholarship (1986-88) to China for my higher studies. My knowledge and communication skills in Chinese were highly appreciated by the Chinese universities, and thus I was given to select my area Prof. Priyadarsi Mukherji at the Great Hall of the People, of research. I chose Chinese folklore and folk Beijing after receiving the Special Book Award of China. (Photo by Guan Feng) literature. Till date I am the only Indian to have won the first prize at the International Chinese lecture on an invitation from the ICWA at the Taj Speech Contest, as well as the Chinese Song Palace Hotel. It was really an interesting lecture. Contest—all during 1986-87. Once back in India, I At this occasion, I could only see from afar started teaching , literature and President Xi and his wife but could not meet them culture after joining JNU in 1989. in person. President Xi Jinping’s visit to India: However, on that very day evening, I attended Unravelling some rare bonds the banquet at the Rashtrapati Bhavan Coming back to the recent visit to India by the (President’s Palace) in honor of the Chinese Chinese President Xi Jinping, I can proudly President and his wife. The Indian President Mr. announce that I met the Chinese President thrice entered the Durbar Hall along in two days. This was a privilege that I think I with the honorable Chinese guests. There were earned because of my winning the Special Book already more than 80 guests from all walks of Award of China. President Xi and his wife Peng life—waiting to meet the top Chinese dignitaries. Liyuan reached New Delhi on 18 September after When I shook hands with President Xi and his wife touring Gujarat. This day evoked in me the Peng Liyuan, I briefly expressed myself in Chinese. memory of watching a Chinese film “The Song of This introduction in Chinese brought a sense of the Youth”, in which there was a song themed intimacy on their faces. Later, as both the around the tragic “18 September Incident” of presidents began conversing through their 1931. I had learnt the song by heart. 83 years later, interpreters, I found a more amiable Peng Liyuan this was the day when President Xi delivered his interacting without any inhibition with everyone 46 Indians’ Image of China News From China October 2014

who wished to talk to her. As I started speaking in That evening, after the dinner, when I was waiting Chinese, she broke the barrier of conversing on one side for the guests to leave the hall, Peng through the interpreter, and entered into an Liyuan stopped in front of me with her typically intimate chatting with me. First and foremost she charming smile, shook hands with me and said, frankly declared, “Your Chinese accent is so “Welcome to Beijing. Hope we will soon meet in perfect that one cannot distinguish you from a Beijing.” Chinese with closed eyes. You can be the brand The next day, 19 September morning, I ambassador of India-China friendship.” This reached the Taj Palace Hotel to attend the China- indeed was a great compliment. I told her during India Panchsheel Friendship Award ceremony. our 10-minute conversation that I had been The award was given by President Xi. He entered having audio cassettes of her songs sung in the the hall and shook hands with everyone. This was 1980s. She felt elated. At once my mind travelled my second handshake with President Xi. This time back to the Spring Festival of 1988. I and the I could feel the softness of his palm. While giving a famous folk performer Niu Qun performed self-introduction, I simply said in Chinese, “We xiangsheng at the Central Chinese Television in met yesterday.” He commended me by saying, front of a large crowd of PLA soldiers. This was for “Your pronunciation is absolutely perfect.” While their entertainment. The next program was delivering his speech at the occasion, President Xi performed by Peng Liyuan dressed in an army often looked at me, as if seeking to suggest that an uniform. Her golden voice was fascinating. Many Indian like me could understand his lecture in of my Chinese friends feel surprised that I and Chinese. Peng Liyuan had performed from the same stage. President Xi Jinping and his wife have left a The most startling revelation has been the fact lasting impression in my mind. that both Peng Liyuan and myself were born on (The author is a Professor of the Centre for Chinese & the same day: 20 November 1962, both belonging South-East Asian Studies, School of Language, Literature to the Tiger Year. What a magnificent coincidence! & Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University . )

A Trip to Wuhan, China

The following article is a blog written by an assignments at Singapore, Greece, America and Indian who worked in China, and it is posted on Panama. Lived in China for 4 years, working in Ship http://travel.sulekha.com/. The author building industry. I was deeply impressed by described what he had seen and heard in his blog progress, order, cleanliness and beauty of China with a lot of interesting stories and pictures. This and I decided to tell the world about it. story tells us his experiences and feelings when he I started writing this blog in July 2010...and took high-speed rail from Shanghai to Wuhan in forgot about it. This time I decided to go to Wuhan 2011. by train. The Author: Navneet Kumar My wife is around these days so I thought it will Bakshi give us a good view of Interior China. We started B.Sc. Engg. Chief Engr. early in the morning to catch the train at 0648 Hrs. Marine, Hobbyist Writer I have mentioned the time to impress upon the Born at Amritsar in 1952, accuracy of time schedule. Needless to say I was attended school at Simla and more than impressed when the train started and d i d E n g g . f r o m P E C was impressed further when it reached the Chandigarh. Marine Engr. by destination on time accurate to the second. Mist profession. Sailed for 31 Years. Did shore based sat over the city like whispers on the lips and as the News From China October 2014 Indians’ Image of China 47 cab ran through the shrouded city, it unfolded dreamily like a story to a drowsy kid. Clean, well maintained, free of flaws, miles and miles of spotless tarmac carpet. Shanghai Railway Station was the first shock that awaited me. I have never seen such a marvelous railway station until now. What I saw was indeed better than any airport I have ever seen. Even though seeing spotlessly clean public places is becoming a routine thing for me here at China but cleanliness here left me speechless. The next thing that left me Road on the way wonder struck was the bullet train. All long distance trains in China run at that it may not reach an escape velocity and shoot awesome speed of 250 Kms. an hour and the out of the globe. Thankfully the digits stopped railway ministry has decided to upgrade them to rising when the number reached 250 Km/Hr. 350 Kms/hr. Between some cities they are already I clicked a few pictures of the landscape running at this formidable speed. speeding past. The train tracks are all elevated and The train started on dot and quickly picked up fenced. You can say that the train runs on one speed. My eyes glued to the electronic display continuous over bridge. Even the highways are began to bulge out and throat went dry as I feared mostly elevated. So there are no obstructions on way. In the fast passing s c e n e r y, I t r i e d t o discover if there were any signs of litter, slums and dumps but could not. W h e n P a s s i n g Railway Stations, there w e r e n o h a w k e r s , vendors, Chhole Bathure (Indian dish of fried pancakes and chickpeas in gravy), No spitting, shitting or urinating and no teary eyed relatives in strength come to see the guests off who are going back.. at last. After six hours of smooth, comfortable journey and passing hundreds of tunnels and Massive Electronic Schedule Boards 48 Indians’ Image of China News From China October 2014

treacherous terrain we landed at Wuhan. grandeur, splendor and the upkeep of the stations It’s not that Shanghai’s Railway Station was of even unheard of cities of China? What we hear given a shine or was spruced up for this dignitary’s our ministers say? ‘We will make Delhi the best delight, even Wuhan’s platform was sparkling as city in the world’. Do they know what best means? can be seen here in the picture. Do we have any (The views expressed by the author are personal.) airports even which can compare with the size,

The author Navneet Kumar Bakshi & his wife Fansi Ki Rani Cleaning the clean floor

Passive Solar Building Design, taking advantage of natural light Aerodynamic beauty. No litter in sight far as the eye can see Architectural poetry- Columns, struts and ties used as meters and sonnets

Interior of the train better than Airliner's Business Class Modern Railway Station News From China October 2014 Indians’ Image of China 49 To Know Real China

In recent years, more and more Indian travellers have gone to China. What is China looking like in their eyes? The stories told by some Indian friends are as below: I attended the recently- held event of Today’s Traveller Awards 2014 and Cover Launch of Today’s Traveller C o f f e e T a b l e B o o k — WINNERS’ MATRIX at The Ashok Hotel, New Delhi on 16th September. The MC of this grand event made a brief introduction to China Tourism: “Beautiful China is just across the Himalayas and one of Mr. Rajesh Sekhar, Sales & Marketing Manager-India for China Eastern Airlines. India’s closest neighbors. In recent years, an increasing number of Indian Very amazingly, not far away from the capital travellers regard China as one of the top of Changsha, there is a large tourist resort of destinations. From the Stone Age to Modern Age, Huitang with green parks, hot springs, farmland, from Leisure to Religion, from Shopping to Sports, golf course and amusement facilities. The initial from Education to Business, China has everything investment towards this resort was over 10 billion that a wish list demands. China fulfils all!” RMB yuan! When the project of the nearly express Is it true? To be frank, all the Indians do have way finishes by the end of this year, it will take only some scepticism before they finish a successful half of hour to drive here from the capital city. tour to China. From 21-27 September 2014, I was Starting from the modernity of Changsha, we lucky to be in an Indian group visiting also visited old towns in Hunan, such as Qianzhou Province. We first arrived in Changsha via Town and Phoenix Town. I am so happy to see that Shanghai by China Eastern flights. Is the so-called oriental traditions can last for ever along with the Happy Changsha somewhat backward or even progress of human modernity. Cheers for our unenlightened as it is not so well-known to the common heritages! Indians? Oh, just on the contrary, it is very modern In September, it was a proud moment to be with various national banks, transportation part of China Hunan International Tourism networks and skyscrapers. The city boasts of Festival. Experts from different fields like Airlines, excellent infrastructure with great amenities. The leisure travel, medical and education tourism lovely tour guide told us more in English: were chosen by China National Tourist Office Changsha, a Happy Destination, is the political, (CNTO) to explore Hunan, China. economic, scientific, educational, commercial, The most famous park in Changsha is the financial, informational and tourist center of the 5km-long sliver in the Xiâng River. A reflective 32- province with a long history and an old civilization year-old Mao Tse-tung immortalized it in of over 3000 years! ‘Changsha’, probably his best regarded poem, after 50 Indians’ Image of China News From China October 2014

standing at its southern tip and looking west towards Yuèlù Mountain on one autumn day. A towering granite bust of a youthful Chairman with flowing locks now stands at the spot – but faces in a new direction. For any new visitors to Changsha, it should not be missed. Then we also visited the famous Yuelu Academy, the oldest sustained academy in China. The Yuen Academy is known for some of China’s great scholars, poets, philosophers and political leaders. Mao Tse-tung studied there at his young age. Mr. Manpreet Singh Sahni (left) Director of Amatra Travel & Leisure Pvt Ltd and his Indian C h i n a a s a t o u r i s t friend learning Chinese painting. destination is very beautiful. The recently-concluded trip to modern, environment-friendly and focuses on the Hunan helped me experience something new and theory of Green Education. It is being developed in wonderful in person. It made me realize we are a special and scientific way, highlighting not only selling guests a vacation that we want them to Education grades but also Physical and mental always remember: People of China are loveable health. It gave me immense pleasure to introduce and they make a connection with you very fast. my company as one of the leading organizers for China is a heaven for non-veg food lovers who student / cultural exchange programs. We believe want to try something new and tasty. I have tried that the Child is the best ambassador for any so many new things and also learned to use the country. Our exchange of views and active dexterous chopsticks! interaction with the faculty and students of this For sure, the most unforgettable part of our School benefited all of us. I hope students trip to Changsha is the wonderful visit to exchange program will be arranged soon between Changjun Meixihu Middle School, which is very Indian schools and their Chinese counterparts in Changsha. China is an emerging tourist d e s t i n a t i o n a n d b e c o m e s increasingly popular nowadays. As the biggest online travel service company in India, Makemytrip’s enthusiasm in selling Chinese packages remains high. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Xi’an for a 5-day or 7-day tour usually are the first choices for the first-time visitors to China as these Mr. Randel Michael Lopes, Sr. Executive of Makemytrip India Pvt. Ltd visits metropolises are worldwide well- YEAHCOME. Indians’ Image of China News From China October 2014 51 known and stands for typical images of today’s Before going to China, I had lots of worries, China. However, what I experienced recently in such as problems of language and food. I heard Hunan Province, south-central China has given me that like India, China also has a variety of so much fresh thinking: it is time to break through languages and dialects, and English is not spoken everywhere. The Chinese eat almost everything that flies in the sky except plane, and that swims in the sea except ship. I am from Gujarat and of course eat Vegetarian Food. While every Chinese in all cities do not speak English but traveling around China is very smooth. One can easily find English-speaking guides in e v e r y b i g c i t y. T h e Mr. Shailesh Kumar Vanzara, Customer Relationship Executive-Leisure Travel (Outbound) of Thomas Cook (India) Ltd at Window of the World, Changsha City. Ve g e t a r i a n s w i l l b e surprised with the variety the stereotypes. of veg food available in China. Variety of In my personal opinion, Hunan Province has a preparations of Eggplant, Potato, Cabbage, great potential to come up as a destination for Cauliflower, Beans, Tofu, etc. is mouthwatering. Health & Wellness and MICE. There are so many Non-vegetarians will also be surprised with unique tourism products here, such as Phoenix numerous preparations of Chicken and Mutton Ancient Town, wonderful show of Phoenix and Fish. The combination of Changsha City and Timeless Love, hot springs resort, Yuelu Academy Phoenix Ancient Town let me see the real China: and advanced schools & universities, relaxing foot modernity and history, hospitality and amenities, massage centers. Etc. Most memorable to me is various attractions and rows of shops. the cultural show of Phoenix Timeless Love: the local people are warm-hearted, hospitable and longing for a true love! “Ni Hao”, “Namaste” are different words with same Meaning. When talking about China, I, b e i n g T r a v e l & To u r i s m Professional, had Imagination of only Business Trips and regarded Hong Kong & Macau as the only destinations. But, Hunan Province has changed my views completely. To describe it in short, this province is an “Amazing Destination”. Joyful time with the students of a Middle School in Changsha City. 52 News From China October 2014 Tibet Today

TIBET TODAY

Tourists to Tibet During Holiday Hit Record High

Lhasa, Oct. 8 (China Tibet Online) Tourist arrivals in s o u t h w e s t C h i n a’ s T i b e t Autonomous Region hit a record high of 741,013 person times during the 7-day National Day holiday, garnering a total tourism revenue of 337.29 million yuan, according to the local tourism bureau. The tourist number has risen by 12.8 percent year-on-year between Oct.1 and 7. 296,109 tourists spent more than one day in Tibet. The amazing scenery in Tibet in autumn. [Photo/China Tibet Online]

The pouring of tourists has greatly simulated the tourism industry which brought a revenue of 337.29 million yuan, a record in history,up 17.5 percent comparing with that in the pervious year. On Oct.2, 5,525 tourists entered Tibet by plane while 3,920 opted for taking the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

The majestic landscape of the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon. [Photo/China Tibet Online]

Tibetan Culture on Display in Strasbourg

Strasbourg, Sept. 26 (Xinhua) — Strasbourg in the French city understand more about this vast has been playing host to a series of events region of . designed to showcase Tibetan culture and society. Consul general Zhang Guobin has invited Running from Sept. 24 to Oct. 2, the Chinese delegations of experts from Tibet to visit consulate in Strasbourg organised conferences Strasbourg every year for the past three years. and cultural events with the aim of helping people For this year, Zhang proposed to widen the News From China October 2014 Tibet Today 53

history and practice of Tibetan medicine, while Mrs. GeSang outlined the development of Tibet in recent decades. A Buddhist monk, Cili Wangdeng, gave a presentation to university students on the role of religion in Tibetan society. On Sept. 29 there was also an evening of Tibetan music and dance. Strasbourg is the home of several important European institutions, such as the European Parliament, the Council of Europe and the range of events to include cultural displays, European Court of Human Rights. including an exhibition of photographs portraying everyday life in modern Tibet. This was opened Friday at the Law Faculty of Strasbourg University by Jean-Jacques Gsell, deputy mayor of Strasbourg. A conference at the university on Friday afternoon featured presentations on a variety of subjects in modern day Tibet. The head of the Tibetan cultural delegation Zhang Yun explained that the week of activities was to aid under- standing on Tibet and its place in multi-ethnic China. Dr TseRing described the

Mysterious Bone Ties in Changtang Tribes Text & Photo by Fan Jiuhui

In Changtang Prairie, the nomadic natures of offspring about the tribe he belongs, the history of wild, unruly and doughty are always in people’s its “bone family” and great achievements of his blood vessels. However, with the intrusion of tribe leaders. The elders still take delight in talking modern civilization, the wildness and unruliness about the legends of their bone family ancestors. mostly stay in elder people’s memories. Every Prairie Tribes single wrinkle on the forehead of a weather- beaten old man is a record of an unforgettable Before Tsochen County was approved to be history. Every old man would speak proudly to his established in 1970, there were 18 small tribes 54 Tibet Today News From China October 2014

cohabited there which can be further categorized into three large tribes, namely Qiaojiu, Bengba and Nagtsang Awu. Among these tribes,Qiaojiu Tribe is the largest, Bengba has a longer history, and Nagtsang Awu Tribe is the smallest, which is located in Nyixung Village, Chulo Town, Tsochen County. Every tribe’smembers are relatively stable. In most cases, people only exchange their tribes because of marriages. For example, if a man from Qiaojiu Tribe marries into a girl from Nagtsang Tribe, and lives with his bride’s tribe,he becomes a member of Nagtsang Tribe. If a wanderer asks to join a certain tribe, he has to go through a one-year probation period. In order to join the tribe, he has to have good moral qualities and behave well during the probation and get an The purple wool goats were special in Tsochen County. approval from the tribe leader before offi as other members. Besides, he has to undertake cially become a tribe member.The newcomer can membership obligations,for example, paying herd in a specific area and enjoys the same rights taxes. B e n g b a Tr i b e , f o r m e d gradually by local aborigines, can be dated back to the ancient Zhang- zhung Kingdom in 1500. It has a vast territory, which covers Tsochen County’s Gyangrang Town, Daxung County’s Xardong Village and Tsertra Village, Qulho County’s Drima Village, Xongma Village, and Qulho Village, Gertse County’s Yongmucuo Village and Luobo Village, and Zhongba County’s Bobdoi Town, Kemar Town,Pajiang Town, and Lungkar Town,etc. It has a relatively integrated tribal organization. Bengba Tribe becomes a little fragmented becauseof present administrative division.Among the leaders of Bengba Tribe in history, Adong The Tsochen County site. Tengye, who brought News From China October 2014 Tibet Today 55 into Tsochen in the 19th century, is an immortal legendary figure. His story is as legendary as Buddha Sakyamuni.He has been an intelligent, diligent,and e l o q u e n t m a n s i n c e childhood. When Adong Tengye grew up, he married a b e a u t i f u l g i r l n a m e d Aga.Because he was very competent, he was elected as the leader of Bengba Tribe at the age of twenty- five. When he was thirty, he The herders of Qiaojiu Tribe. had a lawsuit over stolen horses with horse thieves in . The judge Dorje. After Adong Tengye’s master passed took side with the defendant after taking bribes away,he apprenticed to the 15th from the horse thieves. As a result, Adong Khacha Dorje. Then, he went back to Tsochen Tengye lost a lawsuit with irrefutable County and founded a tent-like temple in evidences. Baffled by this incident, he became Mentong, where he publicized Buddhism. It is disillusioned with the mortal world. He gave up said that Adong Tengye held strictly to the everything and chose to be a monk in the Tsurpu sacred rules of Buddhism. At his old age, he had Monastery in Lhasa. At first, he apprenticed to serious arthritis and the lower part of his body the 14th living Buddha named Karmapa Techu overgrew with worms. However, Adong Tengye sacrificed his body to worms until he passed away, just like the Buddha himself, who feed the tiger with his own flesh. Today’s Mentong Monastery, which is located in the western part of Tsochen County, was build on the remains of that tent-like temple. Qiaojiu Tribe, which is gradually formed by refugees from all around,is another major tribe (we can know the meaning of this tribe by its name because Qiaojiu means “a tribe gathered by people from ten directions” in Tibetan language).Over one thousand years ago,Tsochen County, which was a vast territory with sparse population,was the only passageway which connected the central of Ngari and the area of Northern Tibet and Southern Qinghai Province. As time passed, shepherds who were unable to Women and children spread brown cream made by the herbs continue pilgrimage, refugees who broke political on their faces. 56 Tibet Today News From China October 2014

and religious principles and a number of bandits took a long time for officials to assume office since living in limbo continuously flocked and gathered Qiaojiu Tribe is far away from Lhasa. Therefore, together. These people,who usually grazed for a the residents reported to the local government of living but occasionally looted, gradually formed Tibet that “our people should be governed by into several small tribes. These small tribes then ourselves”,which means its leader should be came together as Qiaojiu Tribe step by step. The appointed by the tribe itself. The local members of Qiaojiu Tribe believed in the villain of government of Tibet agreed to their proposal that Buddhism. Over one hundred years ago, there was the leader of Qiaojiu should be elected within the a tribe leader, who was called Sonam Norbu tribe. Qualified candidates for its leader should originally, was nicknamed “Jiae”. He believed in meet the following requirements. First, one is expected to have a good background. In the old society, people at the lowest level of social class, like blacksmith, butchers and beggars were obviously not qualified. Second, a candidate should not be too wealthy since a rich man is too busy to serve the tribe. Third, one needs to be literate enough to write official reports and read official documents. Fourth, the m o s t i m p o r t a n t Tractors have been the main vehicle for the locals in Tsochen County. qualification is to be eloquent. Disputes on Buddhism and hired skilled craftsman far away grassland are very common in the pasturing area. from the Tsurpu Monastery in Lhasa to build There is no absolute right or wrong. Therefore, Penpa Lhakang in Tsochen County. However, this having a silver tongue has practical significance in snobby and hot-tempered leader looked upon wining a dispute over grassland. human life as if they were grass,corrupted As we said before, Adong Tengye, the leader of through misuse of law and committed all manner Bengba Tribe, became disillusioned with the of crimes. Therefore, “the tribe members united mortal world just because he lost a lawsuit with and killed him before elected a new leader” irrefutable evidences. He gave up everything and (quoted from seventy-two years old Alun in chose to be monk. His story explains the Tsochen County). It is evident that are importance of eloquence for a tribe leader. unruly and doughty. Mysterious Bone Ties The leader of Qiaojiu Tribe used to be appointed by the local government of Tibet. The foundation of forming a tribe is the blood However, the appointed officials knew little about kinship of “bone ties”(bone ties is “rus-pa” in Qiaojiu Tribe and could not administrate well; it Tibetan and means “bone” and family name). A News From China October 2014 Tibet Today 57 major “bone tie”, which is consisted of dozens or hundreds of nomadic families, is a small tribe. A l a r g e r t r i b e i s a community of several bone ties and a number of communities integrate into an area. In Tsochen County, Qiaojiu Tribe has dozens of bone ties, such as Benru, Caru, Dema, Ngalek, Caer, Linba, Wenru, Huairu, Gyaiwa, P a w a , R a w a , Q i r u , K h a m p a , T u i c a n g , Khyungpo, Qiuku, Kyipa, The herdswomen dressed up in traditional costumes on the horse-racing festival in Tsochen Langsuo, Gompa, Zhaiba, County. Muca, Sagong, Tangru, Guiru, Niangbu, Qiucang, Kangsa, Dongba, Guona, They help each other during difficult times. Kyerpa, , Droyul, Pengsong, Rongba, Tsochen County, with a vast territory and a sparse Geqia, Kawa, Dawa, etc. population, has complicated bone ties. It is quite Bone ties, which are similar to family names often for someone to fake their own bone ties in for Han ethnic, can be further divided into order to seek with influential officials. paternal bone ties and maternal bone ties. Some scholars believe that bones ties do not Paternal bone ties run on unbrokenly while necessarily represent blood kinship and some maternal bone ties get broken up after the bone ties only represent origin instead of blood seventh generation. People belonging to the relationship. For example, Qiaojiu Tribe’s same bone tie are prohibited from getting “Khampa” bone tie merely indicates that they all married or having sex. If they do, they will be come from today’s Khampa area. Another example sentenced into the capital punishment of burning is the Khyungpo bone tie with its members all alive. Therefore, before people get married, the come from what we call Tengchen County today. most breathtaking moment is authenticating the These two bone ties are formed by pilgrims bone ties of both parties. Elder members of both a heading for Gang or migrants looking for girl’s and a boy’s family gather together to list out land of happiness. both parties’ paternal and maternal bone ties one Whatever the reason, tribes and bone ties by one and examine elaborately to avoid couples jointly formed the unique, mysterious and with the same bone tie. Nowadays, the elders are complicated nomadic culture in Changtang questionable about National Marriage Law, Prairie. The thousand-year-old customs embody which allows marriages beyond the third the rarely-known but constantly migrating generation of lineal and collateral relatives by images of ancient herdsmen, who show the blood since bone ties should not be mixed up. In special charm of Changtang Prairie both in spirit daily life, people with the same bone tie, no and in reality. matter rich or poor, are considered relatives. 58 Flights Between China and India News From China October 2014 News From China October 2014 Flights Between China and India 59 60 Book Review News From China October 2014

BOOK REVIEW

Dear Readers, India is the greatest neighbour of China. In the new era, we wish to unite with more Indian friends who are concerned about China, work hard in promoting Sino-Indian friendship, understand each other and develop the economy of both countries. 2014 is the year of China-India Friendly Exchange. The relationship between India and China has ascended to a higher platform. Among so many great personalities that emerged in Indian history, Tagore was the latest example. Here we happily introduce you the book ‘TAGORE AND CHINA . You can come to get the book for FREE, or ask for a VPP service as you need. Please email us first to reserve the book providing the serial No. Hope to hear from you in the coming future. Your comments and suggestions on NFC are also highly appreciated.

Editor News From China E-mail: [email protected] Address: 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021 Tel: 0091-11-26116683

FOREWORD

Tagore is the pride of not only India, but of the world. He was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913 and his creative genius and his faith in Asian civilizational values gave hope to Indians, Chinese, and other Asians at a time when there was demoralization in the Eastern Hemisphere. Zhou Enlai, first Premier of the People's Republic of China, said in 1956 at Santiniketan when he was awarded the honorary degree of Desikottama by Visva-Bharati: “The Chinese people have cherished him(Tagore) with profound sentiments. The Chinese people can never forget Tagore's warm affection for them. The Chinese people shall not also forget the support from Tagore in their hard struggle for national independence. Even now, the Chinese people remember with nostalgia Tagore's visit to China in 1924.” Tagore was a visionary, always forward-looking. He said in one of his lectures in China in 1924, “The time is at hand when we shall once again be proud to belong to a continent which produces the light that radiates through the storm-clouds of trouble and illuminates the path of life.” Again, “I hope that some great dreamer will spring from among you and preach a message of love and, therewith overcoming all differences bridge the chasm of passions which has been widening for ages.” May India and China ascend to a higher platform of civilizational wisdom and fraternal partnership in our bilateral relations, with our two great countries with 40% of humanity marching forward together with all nations and states of the world in the spirit of 'vasudhaiva kutumbakam'. (Former Indian Ambassador to China) News From China October 2014 CCTV News 61 62 CRI CIBN News From China October 2014

Postal Regd. No. DL-SW-16/4034/12-14 R.N.I. No. 47440/88 October 2014

APEC will be held at Huairou County of Beijing, China in November 2014.

Published, Printed and Edited by Mme. Xie Liyan on behalf of the Press Office of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China, 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021. Tel: 26881249, Fax: 26882024 Printed at A.K. Printers, S-217, Bank Street, Munirka, New Delhi-110067, Ph: 9818114996 Chinese Embassy Website: http://in.china-embassy.org E-mail: [email protected] Website of Foreign Ministry of China: www.mfa.gov.cn E-mail:[email protected] www.fmprc.gov.cn

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