E1114 v 8 Public Disclosure Authorized
WORLD BANK FUNDED CHINA IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE INTENSIFICATION III PROJECT
DAM SAFETY REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PREPARED BY STATE OFFICE OF COMPREHENSIVE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
JANUARY 2005
Public Disclosure Authorized Table of Contents
1. Description of the dams in the project areas 2. Main problems of the 4 dangerous dams and the remedy arrangement 3. Operation of the safe dams and conclusions from their safety inspection 4. Safety control of the dams 5. Summary of the major specifications of the dams 6. Monitoring and reporting systems on dam safety 1. Description of the dams in the project areas There exist 17 dams higher than 15 meters in the 5 project provinces, which supply irrigation water to the project areas. Of which the large sized dams with a water storage capacity each of more than 100 million cubic meters account for 10 and the others are medium sized dams with a water storage capacity ranging from 10 million to 100 million cubic meters each. The 17 dams are allocated as 8 in Anhui Province, 4 in Henan Province, 3 in Shandong Province and 2 in Jiangsu Province. The 5 provincial authorities involved in the project have conducted overall inspection and safety appraisal on the 17 dams in line with the Bank’s operational handbook of “Dam Safety” (OP 4.37) and the “Rule on Appraisal of the Dam Safety” issued by the Ministry of Water Resources in 1995. The inspection mainly covers the safety situation of the dams and their installed structures such as the gates and spillways. The safety appraisal largely covers, based on the verification of the recording data of water regulation, safety inspection, repairing and maintenance, daily care and site observation, re-examination of the criterion on flood control and evaluation on anti-seismic stability, structural stability and seepage stability in accordance with the “Rule on Appraisal of the Dam Safety”. Results from the safety inspection and appraisal reveal that 4 dams from among the 17 dams involved in the project areas have safety problems including inadequate flood control capacity, anti-seismic stability or structural stability. The 4 dams are: the Xiaotashan Dam and Shilianghe Dam in Lianyungang Municipality, Jiangsu Province, the Fenshuiling Dam in Mingguang City, Anhui Province and the Gutou Dam in Changqing District of Jinan Municipality, Shandong Province. The other dams are safe and in normal operation.
2. Main problems of the 4 dangerous dams and the remedy arrangement 1) Xiaotashan Dam in Lianyungang Municipality, Jiangsu Province: The dam has the major problems of inadequate flood control capacity, inadequate spillways, lacking of anti-seismic design, and overall cracking of the spillway gate at the main dam and irrational layout of energy absorption at its down stream. The planned remedies include: reconsolidation of the main dam and the east and west auxiliary dams in terms of flood control and anti-seismic capacities, reconstruction of the spillway gate at the main dam, reconstruction of the cracking part of the main dam, building a river cross dam at 350 meters down to the east sluice gate, and harnessing the Qingjiang River at the down stream of the reservoir. The rehabilitation works commenced on October 17, 2002 and was planned to be completed in 30 months by May 30, 2005. Up to date, the main works is almost completed. Its quality has been proven to be in conformity of the rated standard through examination and acceptance. Through test by the last flood season, the dam proves to have adequate flood control and water storage capacities up to the designed standard of one incidence every 100 years. 2) Shilianghe Dam in Lianyungang Municipality, Jiangsu Province: The dam was listed as the potentially dangerous dam by the Ministry of Water Resources in 1992 in its “Circulation on Nationwide Reconsolidation of the Second Group of Key Dangerous Dams” (Shuiguan[1992] No.5). The reconsolidation argumentation report was endorsed by the Huihe River Water Resource Committee of the Ministry of Water Resources in May 1998. The reconsolidation feasibility study report was endorsed by the Planning and Economic Commission of the Jiangsu Provincial Government by its official document of Sujijingnongfa (1998) No.1389 in August 1998. The rehabilitation was then designed and approved by the Huihe River Water Resource Committee by its official document of “Approval of the Preliminary Design on Reconsolidation of the Shilianghe Dam” (Huiweiguiji [1998] No 123) in December 18, 1998. To relieve the sluice pressure of the spillway gate of the dam, the Ministry of Water Resources also approved the sluice enlargement works (Shuiguiji [1999] No 240) in addition to reconsolidation of the main and auxiliary dams. The reconsolidation works commenced on January 13, 1999. Reconsolidation of the original sluice gate was completed and preliminarily accepted in December 2000. Reconsolidation of the main and auxiliary dams commenced in November 1999 and was completed and accepted in September 2003. Sluice enlargement works commenced on May 18, 1999 and was completed and accepted in June 2002. By completion of all the individual reconsolidation works, the dam has been kept in normal operation without emergence of any safety risks. 3). Fenshuiling Dam in Mingguang City, Anhui Province: The safety appraisal carried out by the Dam Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Water Resources in March 2002 listed the dam as the “dam of category 3”, i.e. the dangerous dam needed to be reconsolidated. In that year, the Water Resource Bureau of the Chuzhou Municipality submitted its report of “the Preliminary Design of Reconsolidation of Fenshuiling Dam in Mingguang City” (Shuiji [2002] No 75) and was approved by the Department of Water Resources of Anhui Province (Wanshuiji[2002] No 506). Total cost of the reconsolidation accounted for RMB. 20.02 million Yuan. Reconsolidation commenced in February 2004 and is still under way, mainly including reconsolidation of the main dam and spillway, and membrane covering on the earth works of the dam. It was planned that the main works was to be completed by the end of 2004. The key works to ensure the normal and safe operation of the dam has been completed and the quality is good enough to satisfy the Bank. Up to date, the dam is able to provide reliable water supply to the project. By completion of all the works, the dam will be safer and more reliable. 4) Gutou Dam in Changqing District of Jinan Municipality, Shandong Province: In 2002, the Planning Commission of Shandong Province issued its document of “Approval of the Feasibility Study Report on Reconsolidation of Gutou Dam in Changqing District of Jinan Municipality” (Lujinongjing [2002] No 123) and clarified the endorsement of the reconsolidation of the dam with a total cost of RMB. 39 million Yuan. The rehabilitation design was approved by the Shandong Provincial Department of Water Resources with its official documents of “Approval of the Preliminary Design of Reconsolidation of Gutou Dam in Changqing District” (Lushuiguiji [2002] No 28) and “Approval of the Drawing Design of Reconsolidation of Gutou Dam in Changqing District (Lushuikan [2002] No 64). Reconsolidation of the dam commenced on February 18, 2003 and was completed in October 2004. However, the works has not been officially examined and accepted yet. The dam is now under normal and good operation without emergence of any safety risks.
3. Operation of the safe dams and conclusions from their safety inspection 1). Luhun Dam in Henan Province: The dam was completed in 1965 and reconsolidated and raised height in 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1986 respectively. At present, the dam has a sound monitoring system to detect its operation. Based on the analysis of the data from yearly operation and observation, the dam is now in normal operation and the key works of the dam is under operation up to the designed standard. 2). Suyahu Dam in Henan Province: The dam was completed in 1958 and subsequently reconsolidated by 5 times up to 1990. At present, the dam has a quite sound monitoring system to detect its operation. Based on the analysis of the data from yearly operation and observation, the dam is now in normal operation and the key works of the dam is under operation up to the designed standard. 3). Nanwan Dam in Henan Province: The dam was completed in 1956 and subsequently reconsolidated and raised height in 1957, 1969, 1971, 1974 and 1978. At present, the dam has a quite sound monitoring system to detect its operation. Based on the analysis of the data from yearly operation and observation, the dam is now in normal operation and the key works of the dam is under operation up to the designed standard. 4). Yahekou Dam in Henan Province: The dam was completed in 1968 and reconsolidated after the severe flood in August 1975 and rehabilitated in 1988. At present, the dam has a quite sound monitoring system to detect its operation. Based on the analysis of the data from yearly operation and observation, the dam is now in normal operation and the key works of the dam is under operation up to the designed standard. 5. Qiangchuan Dam in Shandong Province: The dam was constructed in 1959 and completed in 1960. According to the “Guideline on Dam Safety Evaluation” (SL258- 2000) and the data supplied by the Registration Form of the dam, analysis proves that the dam is of “category A” in terms of its safety and the dam is classified as of “category 1”. The dam is good enough in terms of its quality and operational management and can be operated according to its designed standard. 6. Bashan Dam in Shandong Province: The main works was completed in December 1993 and reconsolidated by July 2001. Examination and acceptance by the provincial committee suggested that the main works of the dam including the reconsolidated dam, rehabilitated spillway, and eastern and western sluice blocking and discharging weirs were excellent. The dam was safe and reliable and thus approved to be operated. 7. Fengyangshan Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was built in 1957 and reconsolidated and raised height after the severe flood in August 1975. Some equipment was up-grated in 2001. A technical expert team formed by the Chuzhou municipal water resource departments under the authorization by the Water Administration Bureau of Fengyang County conducted a safety inspection in 2003 covering the dam, sluice culverts and sluice gate. The inspection proved that the dam was under normal operation. The dam is classified as of “category 1”. 8). Randengsi Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was completed in 1957 and reconsolidated in 1968, 1976, 1977 and 2003. Examination and acceptance on the reconsolidation works by technical experts from the water resource supervising departments of the county government proved that the reconsolidation works are of good quality and the dam is classified as of “Category 1” under safe and normal operation. 9). Guangou Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was completed in 1957 and rehabilitated in 1976, 1978 and 1998 in terms of height and thickness raising, anti- seismic reconsolidation and facility up-grading for the dam and its key works. All the structures were reinforced and the operational risks were substantially reduced. In 2003, the Chuzhou municipal water resource supervising departments under the authorization of the Water Administration Bureau of Fengyang County conducted a safety appraisal on the dam. The appraisal concluded that the dam and its key works were of “category 1”. The dam is sound and safe. 10). Shahe Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was built with homogeneous earth in 1958. The dam is currently under safe and normal operation. The dam passed an examination on reconsolidation in 2002. The examination and acceptance ended by conclusions as follows: “all the reconsolidation works have been completed in the scheduled period of time in accordance with the approved design and the requirements from the supervising departments when approval. The budgeted investment is utilized in a rational way. All the data and records are kept complete in files. Quality of the engineering works is verified as excellent. The dam is accepted through examination and agreed to be put into operation.” 11). Fushan Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was built in 1958 and completed in 1972. After reconsolidation in 1988 and 1993, the dam became sound and reliable. Against the most severe flood from the Huihe River in 2003, the dam was still able to operate in a safe and normal way. In 2004, the Chuzhou Municipal Water Resource Bureau, Chuzhou Flood and Drought Control Command and the Tianchang Municipal Water Resource Bureau conducted a joint routing inspection on the safety of the dam. The inspection committee suggested that the dam had been reconsolidated in accordance with the designed standard. Test by the most severe flood had proven that the dam had a good quality and could operate under a safe and normal way. 12). Datong Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was built in 1958 and completed in 1970. After reconsolidation from 1979 through 1985, the dam became sound and reliable. Against the most severe flood from the Huihe River in 2003, the dam was still able to operate in a safe and normal way. In 2004, the Chuzhou Municipal Water Resource Bureau, Chuzhou Flood and Drought Control Command and the Tianchang Municipal Water Resource Bureau conducted a joint routing inspection on the safety of the dam. The inspection committee concluded that all the reconsolidation works had been completed in the scheduled period of time in accordance with the approved design. The budgeted investment was utilized in a rational way. All the data and records were kept complete in files. Quality of the engineering works was verified as excellent. The dam would result in the designed benefit through normal operation. The dam was then accepted through examination and agreed to be put into operation. 13). Chuanqiao Dam in Anhui Province: The dam was built in 1958 and reconsolidated from 1976 through 2000. Test by the most severe flood from the Huihe River in 2003 proved that the dam was still able to operate in a safe and normal way. In 2004, the Chuzhou Municipal Water Resource Bureau, Chuzhou Flood and Drought Control Command and the Tianchang Municipal Water Resource Bureau conducted a joint routing inspection on the safety of the dam. The inspection committee concluded that “all the reconsolidation works have been completed in the scheduled period of time in accordance with the approved design. The budgeted investment is utilized in a rational way. All the data and records are kept complete in files. Quality of the engineering works is verified as excellent. The dam will result in an expected benefit through normal operation. It is thus agreed that the dam passes the acceptance through examination and can be put into operation.”
4. Safety control of the dams Safety control of the dams in China is strictly done in accordance with the “Rules on Management of Reservoir Dams” issued by the State Council and the “Regulations on Safety Appraisal of Reservoir Dams” formulated by the Ministry of Water Resources. According to the Regulations, the operational dams shall pass through an overall safety inspection or appraisal every 6 – 10 years. Governments at all levels and their water resource departments always pay serious attention to the routing safety control of dams. On August 29, 1997, the 27th Plenary Session of the Standing Committee of the 8th National People’s Congress passed the “Law on Flood Control of the People’s Republic of China”, which became effective on January 1, 1998. The Law has provided a powerful legal justification for the safety control of the dams. In addition to the unified rules and regulations on safety control, the supervising authorities on dam management have also formulated a serial of technical specifications to meet the requirement by safety control, such as the “Technical Norm on Safety Monitoring of Concrete Dams”, “Technical Norm on Safety Monitoring of Earth and Stone Dams” and “Regulations on Safety Control of Hydraulic Power Station Dams”, etc.. In order to apply the national rules and regulations to ensure the safe and normal operation of the dams, the local supervising authorities, based on local realities, have also formulated their own systems, such as the system on safety inspection, system on daily care and management, and system of responsibility on flood control, etc.. 1). Safety regulation plan: The management authority of each dam must formulate an annual regulated operational plan on the basis of the findings from the latest inspection. The plan shall be strictly implemented after approval by the immediate supervising authority. 2). Safety inspection: A regular inspection system is executed, including the prior and post flood inspection and the particular inspection. Findings from the inspections shall be submitted to both the management authorities and the supervising authorities. 3). Regular observation: A regular observation system is executed for the integrating segments of the dam. Data shall be analyzed to check the safety situation of the dam. 4). Flood control: The Law on Flood Control of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that the administrative supervisors are responsible for the flood control works. Senior engineers are designated for each large and medium sized dam for the purpose of flood control to ensure the safety of the dams during flood season. 5). Emergency plan: Emergency plans have been formulated for all the large and medium sized dams to control the extra severe floods in order to minimize the loss or damage.
5. Summary of the major specifications of the dams Serial No. 1 2 3 4 5
Name of the Fengyangshan Randeng Guangou Fenshuiling Shahe dams
Provinces Anhui Anhui Anhui Anhui Anhui
Fengyang Fengyang Fengyang Nanjiao Mingguang Municipalities County, County, County, District, City, Chuzhou & counties Chuzhou Chuzhou Chuzhou Chuzhou Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality
Irrigation Yingjian, Irrigated Irrigate Randeng, Liufu, districts Lianggang, districts of districts of Xiaoxihe and Damiao and supplied by Huangnipu, Fenshuiling Shahe Daxihe Guangou the dam Zongpu Reservoir Reservoir
Completion (year.month) 1958.8 1969.2 1957.9 1980.5 1958 mon Xiaoxi River Haohe River Haohe River in in Huihe in Huihe Water source Huihe River Baisha River Shahe River River River catchments catchments catchments
Catchments 2 146 173 84 113 300 Km
Lean wall/ Type of the Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous dams earth earth earth earth earth
1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence Earthquake 1 incidence Designed every 100 every 100 every 100 intensity: scale every 500 standard years years years 7 years
1 Incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence Earthquake 1 incidence Verified every 10000 every 5000 every 10000 intensity: scale every 10000 standard years years years 7 years Gross capacity 103000 90200 64500 74480 185000 (1,000 m3)
Of which: beneficial storage 32600 39600 21200 38400 capacity (1,000 m3)
Designed maximum 27.7 25.5 26.2 27.0 26 height of the dam (m)
Elevation at the top of the 57.2 47.7 74 53.0 dam (m) Dam length 737 1360 562 630 720 (m) Designed 53.56 44.09 69.24 50.22 flood level (m) Verified flood 55.43 45.45 73.43 51.04 level (m) Tide limit (m) 50 42 67 48.5
Beneficial water level 52 42.5 67 41.0 40.5 (m)
Designed irrigation 5733 8000 5333 8133.3 area ha)
Of which : effective 4680 5600.0 irrigation area ha)
IAIL3 project 1866.6 666.7 1800 4666.7 4667 area (ha)
Latest inspection 2003.4 2003.12 2003.5 2004.1 (year, month)
Major problems No No No No No found (yes/no) Reconsolidation Remedies under way
Downstream None None None None None risks Overall Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal appraisal
Serial No. 6 7 8 9 10
Name of the Fushan Datong Chuanqiao Xiaotashan Shilianghe dams
Provinces Anhui Anhui Anhui Jiangsu Jiangsu
Municipality Tianchang Tianchanng Tianchang Lianyungang Lianyungang or city City City City Municipality Municipality
Irrigation Fushan districts by Datong Town Zhenji Town Yinan & Yibei Yinan & Yibei Town the dam
Completion 1972 1970 1959 1959/10 1962 (year/month)
Tonglong Chuanqiao Water source Baita River Qinghe River Xinshu River River River
Catchments 244 144 164 386 5573 (Km2)
Type of the Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous Homogenous dam earth earth earth earth earth
1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence Designed 1 incidence 1 incidence every 500 every 100 every 100 standard every 100 years every 100 years years years years
1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence Verified every 10,000 every 2,000 every 1,000 every 2,000 every 2,000 standard years years years years years Gross water storage 110300 39590 54280 281000 531000 capacity (1,000 m3) Of which: beneficial storage 43000 15400 14200 116000 367000 capacity (1,000 m3) Designed maximum 21 13.5 14.3 22.5 22 dam height (m) Elevation at top of the 33.2 27.5 22.8 38.5 31.5 dam (m
Dam length 1400 2500 2169 2303 5200 (m)
Designed flood level 30.27 25.07 20.44 35.37 27.65 (m)
Verified flood level 30.86 26.06 21.2 37.31 28 (m)
Tide limit 27.5 24 18 32.8 25 (m
Beneficial water level 27.5 24 18 32.8 26 (m
Designed irrigation 13067 3567 2320 16667 60000 areas ha) Of which: effective 4280 1847 1913 15000 53333 irrigation areas ha) IAIL3 project areas 2667 1000 1000 100 1255 (ha)
Latest inspection 2004/5 2003/9 (year/month Major problems No No No No No found (yes/no) Reconsolidation Reconsolidation completed for Remedies almost examination completed and acceptance Downstream none None None Safe Safe risks
Overall Under normal Under normal Normal Normal Normal appraisal operation operation
Serial No. 11 12 13 14
Name of the dam Luhun Suyahu Yahekou Nanwan
Province Henan Henan Henan Henan Songxian Nanzhao Runan County, County, County, Xingyang Municipality or city Zhumadian Luoyang Nanyang Municipality Municipality Municipality Municipality Irrigation districts Luhun irrigated Suyahu Yahekou Nanwan by the dam district irrigated district irrigated district irrigated district Completion 1965 1958 1968 1956 (year/month) Yihe River, a Ruhe River, a Baihe River, a Shihe River, a Water source tributary of the tributary of the tributary of the tributary of the Yellow River Huihe River Hanjiang River Huihe River Catchments (Km2) 3492 4498 3030 1100 Homogenous Wall with clay Wall with clay Type of the dam Lean wall earth earth core earth core 1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence 1 incidence Designed standard every 1,000 every 1,000 every 1,000 every 100 years years years years 1 incidence 1 incidence incidence every Verified standard every 1,000 every 10,000 PMF 10,000 years years years Gross water storage 1320000 1656000 1316000 1630000 capacity (1,000 m3) Of which: beneficial storage capacity 566000 2243000 762000 668000 (1,000 m3) Designed maximum 55 16.2 34 38.3 dam height (m) Elevation at top of 333 59.2 183 114.1 the dam (m Dam length (m) 710 34201.6 1400 816 Designed flood level 327.5 57.75 179.5 108.9 (m) Verified flood level 331.8 58.87 181 112.8 (m) Tide limit (m 317 52.5 175.7 103.5 Beneficial water level 319.5 53 177 104 (m Designed irrigation 180 82 210 112.4 areas ha) areas ha)
Of which: effective irrigation 43 28 126 74 areas ha) IAIL3 project areas 12667 10667 9667 9667 (ha) Latest inspection 2004.5 2004.5 2004.5 2004.5 (year/month
Major problems No No No No found (yes/no)
Remedies Sound Sound Sound Sound
Downstream risks None None None None
Overall appraisal Normal Normal Normal Normal
Serial No. 15 16 17
Name of the dam Gutou Qiangchuan Bashan
Province Shandong Shandong Shandong Changqing Zhucheng City, Yishui County, Municipality or city District, Jinan Weifang Municipality Lingyi Municipality Municipality Irrigation districts by Gutou irrigation Qiangchuan irrigation Bashan irrigation
the dam district district district Completion 1966.6 1960.8 1960 (year/month) Nandasha River Huihe River, Yishusi Water source in the Yellow Weihe River River, Yihe River River catchments Catchments (Km2) 100 656 1782 Wall with clay earth Wall with clay earth Homogenous core (east section)/ Type of the dam core with sandy earth Homogenous shell earth(west section) 1 incidence every 1 incidence every 100 1 incidence every Designed standard 100 years years 100 years 1 incidence every 1 incidence every 1 incidence every Verified standard 500 years 10,000 years 10,000 years Gross water storage 13050 328000 529000 capacity (1,000 m3) Of which: beneficial storage capacity (1,000 4250 85000 267000 m3) Designed maximum 21.5 27.7/24.2 33.65 dam height (m) Elevation at top of the 93.2 108.8/108.8 185.65 dam (m Dam length (m) 252 890/525 1780 Designed flood level 90.2 103.02/103.16 180.1 (m) Verified flood level (m) 91.8 106.5/106.57 184.5
Tide limit (m 85 98.5 175 Beneficial water level 85 98.5 178 (m Designed irrigation 560 23333.33 54666.67 areas ha) Of which: effective 400 20000 13653.33 irrigation areas ha) IAIL3 project areas 667 5000 0 (ha) Latest inspection 2004.1 2004.5 2001.7 (year/month Major problems found No No No (yes/no) Reconsolidation completed for Remedies None None examination and acceptance Downstream risks None None None Under normal Under normal Under normal Overall appraisal operation operation operation
6. Monitoring and reporting systems on dam safety Among the 4 dams needed to be reconsolidated, 3 dams have completed the reconsolidation for examination and acceptance, including the Shilianghe Dam in Jiangsu Province, Gutou Dam in Shandong Province and Fenshuiling Dam in Anhui Province. The Xiaotashan Dam in Jiangsu Province is expected to complete the reconsolidation in May 2005. The project will pay attention to the progress and the results of examination and acceptance after completion. Results of examination and acceptance for all the 4 dams are planned to be submitted to the Bank by the end of 2005. Monitoring and inspection on all the dams shall be executed by the water resource supervising authorities. The provincial project management offices concerned shall collaborate with the water resource supervising authorities and collect the inspection reports on safety of these dams, which will be submitted to the Central Project Management Office prior to March 10 each year. The CPMO shall consolidate the provincial reports and submit to the Bank a consolidated report before March 31 each year.