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Just‐In‐Time Training for Animal Health Emergencies PPE: Usage and Safety

What is a respirator?

● Worn on face ● Covers nose and Personal Protective Equipment mouth ● Forms a tight seal Respirator Usage and Safety against skin ● Filters out certain airborne particles

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Classification of

● Air-Purifying Respirators – Removes contaminants TYPES OF RESPIRATORS from the air . Particulate respirators . “Gas ” respirators ● Air-Supplying Respirators – Provides clean source of air . Supplied air respirators (SAR) . Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

NIOSH Particulate Filter Particulate Filtering Facepiece Approval Categories ● Air-Purifying Minimum N series R Series P Series Particulate Respirator Filter Not Somewhat Strongly (APR) Efficiency resistant to oil resistant to oil resistant to oil ● Disposable or single- 95% N95 R95 P95 use respirators ● Some have 99% N99 R99 P99 exhalation valve 100% P100 ● Goggle or eye N100 R100 protection needed (99.97%) (~HEPA) ● N95s

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Multi‐State Partnership for Security in Agriculture; June 2014 Center for Food Security and Public Health 1 Just‐In‐Time Training for Animal Health Emergencies PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Powered Air-Purifying Elastomeric Respirators Respirators (PAPRs) ● Air-Purifying Particulate ● Air-Purifying Particulate Respirators (APR) Respirators (APR) ● Reusable facepiece with ● Battery-powered blower disposable filter cartridges pulls air through filters then moves filtered air ● Half-face APRs towards facepiece – Only covers nose and mouth ● Can be cooling device – Goggles or faceshield needed ● Not all require fit-testing ● Full-face APRs and seal checks – Covers entire face ● Check batteries ● Variety of filters

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Self-Contained Breathing Apparatuses (SCBAs) ● Air-Supplying Respirator RESPIRATOR USAGE AND ● Supply uncontaminated air to full facepiece SAFETY ● Used in high risk environments ● Minimum usage time of 30 minutes ● Follow-up medical examination required ● Not commonly used in veterinary medicine

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Selecting a Respirator Standards and Regulations

● Type of hazards ● OSHA ● Identity and concentration of the – Occupational Safety and Health Administration contaminant – OSHA 1910.134 ● Degree of protection provided by ● FDA each type of respirator – Food and Drug ● Activity of the person wearing the Administration respirator ● NIOSH ● Time constraints – National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Multi‐State Partnership for Security in Agriculture; June 2014 Center for Food Security and Public Health 2 Just‐In‐Time Training for Animal Health Emergencies PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

NIOSH-Approved Proper Use of Respirators

● Fit-tested ● Seal checked ● Training ● Medical evaluation – Personal health questions – Medications – Work conditions

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Health Effects Before Usage When Wearing Respirators ● Increased resistance to breathing ● Inspect all parts of the ● Reduced endurance respirator before use ● Reduced visual field ● Batteries charged ● Increased risk for heat stress ● Proper air flow ● Decreased voice clarity/loudness ● Do NOT use the ● Decreased hearing ability respirator if it is not ● Discomfort or irritation working properly ● Psychological stress

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Safe Respirator Usage During Usage

● Do not use a respirator unless ● Immediately leave – Formally trained and contaminated area – Fit tested if respirator ● Select the correct respirator for the job stops working – Particulate filter will not protect against gases or vapors ● PAPR – make sure ● Inspect the respirator before each use battery charge ● Ensure the face seal is available – Remove facial hair ● SCBA – make sure air – Prevent hair or eyeglasses from interfering is available in tank ● Do not wear contact lenses with a respirator

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Multi‐State Partnership for Security in Agriculture; June 2014 Center for Food Security and Public Health 3 Just‐In‐Time Training for Animal Health Emergencies PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Cleaning Respirator Storage

● Follow manufacturer’s ● Store in accordance with cleaning guidelines manufacturer’s instructions ● Warm water/mild ● Check expiration dates detergent ● Never use and discard if: ● Disinfectant solution – Color changes – Shrinking ● Dry thoroughly – Wearing/thinning of material ● Never soak entire – Stretching unit in detergent – Cuts/tears/holes

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Resources Acknowledgments ● Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) – Respiratory Protection – https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/respiratoryprotection/ ● National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Development of this presentation was by the (NIOSH) – Respirators Center for Food Security and Public Health at – http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/respirators/ ● U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Iowa State University through funding from the – and N95 Respirators – http://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/productsandmedicalproced Multi-State Partnership for Security in Agriculture ures/generalhospitaldevicesandsupplies/personalprotectiveequi pment/ucm055977.htm ● U.S. Department of Agriculture – Foreign Animal Disease Authors: Abbey Smith; Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM Preparedness and Response Plan (FAD PReP) NAHEMS Guidelines: Personal Protective Equipment – http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_manag ement/downloads/nahems_guidelines/fadprep_nahems_guideli nes_ppe_final_april2011.pdf

Just In Time Training PPE: Respirator Usage and Safety

Multi‐State Partnership for Security in Agriculture; June 2014 Center for Food Security and Public Health 4