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Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.

FS12

Respiratory Protective Devices for Pesticides1 W. Hock2

Toxic chemicals can enter the body in three Respiratory protective devices can be ways: 1) by swallowing, 2) by breathing, and 3) by categorized into three classes: air-purifying; absorption through the skin. Of these three avenues supplied-air; and self-contained breathing equipment. of entry, the respiratory (breathing) system is the Since most pesticide contaminants can be removed quickest and most direct route to the circulatory from the atmosphere by air-purifying devices, we system. Many toxic substances are able to move will look at these in greater detail. through cell membranes and enter the blood capillaries of the lungs. From this point, toxicants Air-purifying devices can be used only in can be transported rapidly throughout the body. atmospheres containing sufficient oxygen to sustain life (at least 19.5% oxygen by volume). Chemical Respiratory protective devices vary in design, cartridge provide respiratory protection use, and protective capability. In selecting a against certain gases and vapors in concentrations not respiratory protective device, the user must first greater than 0.1% by volume. consider the degree of hazard associated with breathing the toxic substance and understand the Mechanical filter respirators (dust ) specific uses and limitations of available equipment. provide respiratory protection against particulate Be sure to select a that is designed for the matter, such as nonvolatile dusts, mists, smokes, and intended use. An applicator may need different metal fumes. Many respiratory protective devices respirators for different chemicals or groups of are combinations of and chemicals. Where possible, select only equipment mechanical filter respirators and thus provide approved by the National Institute for Occupational respiratory protection against both gases and Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Mining particulate matter. Enforcement and Safety administration (MESA). Gas masks are examples of air-purifying devices Look for the NIOSH approval numbers beginning that provide respiratory protection against particulate with the letters TC. matter and against certain specific gases and vapors in concentrations up to 2% by volume, provided that

1. This document is FS12, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date first printed: June, 1995. Date revised:February 2000. Please visit the EDIS Web site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. W. Hock, Pennsylvania State University (with permission). The Vegetable Production Guide for Florida is edited by D.N. Maynard, professor, GCREC-Bradenton, and G.J. Hochmuth, professor, Horticultural Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. The use of trade names in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information. It is not a guarantee or warranty of the products named, and does not signify that they are approved to the exclusion of others of suitable composition. Use pesticides safely. Read and follow directions on the manufacturer's label.

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function without regard to race, color, sex, age, handicap, or national origin. For information on obtaining other extension publications, contact your county Cooperative Extension Service office. Florida Cooperative Extension Service/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences/University of Florida/Christine Taylor Waddill, Dean. Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.

Respiratory Protective Devices for Pesticides 2 this volume does not exceed a concentration that is ¥ Test for air leakage by placing your hand over immediately dangerous to life and health. the outside exhaust valve. Exhale to cause slight inside the facepiece. If air Chemical cartridge respirators protect against escapes, readjust the headbands until a tight seal light concentrations of certain organic vapors, such is obtained. as acetone, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, and gasoline; acid gases, such as and sulfur ¥ Change filters whenever any leakage is dioxide; and other gaseous materials, such as detected by smell; ; irritation to eyes, nose, and vapor. Chemical cartridge throat; or when breathing becomes difficult. If respirators use various chemical filters to purify nausea, dizziness, or signs of distress develop, inhaled air, whereas mechanical filter respirators get to fresh air immediately. afford protection against only airborne particulate matter. These chemical filtering units are usually ¥ Make it a fundamental safety rule to never use a called cartridges (or canisters with gas masks). cartridge for more than 8 hours. Different chemical cartridges or canisters must be ¥ After each use of the respirator, remove all used for different contaminants. Cartridges and mechanical and chemical filters, and wash the canisters that protect against certain organic vapors with soap and warm water. Rinse differ chemically from those that protect against thoroughly with clean water to remove all traces ammonia fumes. Be sure that the cartridge or of soap. Wipe with a clean cloth and allow to canister is approved for the pesticide you intend to air-dry in a clean and well-ventilated area. use. Do not use chemical cartridge respirators for protection against extremely toxic gaseous material, ¥ Store the respirator mask, cartridges, canisters, such as , methyl bromide, or other and mechanical filters in a clean, dry place, fumigants. Special fumigant masks are available preferably in a tightly sealed plastic bag. from a number of manufacturers. Pesticide Respirators Use and Care of Respirators The following approved devices are available Chemical cartridge respirators are designed to for protection against pesticide contaminants. cover the nose and mouth, whereas gas masks give total protection of the face. Use respirators as needed Chemical Cartridge Respirators for protection from dusts, mists, smokes, and certain ¥ MSA number 460968 respirator with a 464025 vapors when handling pesticides. Follow these cartridge. Approval number TC-23C-79. Mine precautions when using respirators: Safety Appliances Co. ¥ READ THE LABEL on the pesticide ¥ Pulmosan number C-241 respirator with a containers. 17160 organic vapor cartridge and a C-241-7 ¥ READ THE LABEL on the cartridge or particulate filter. Approval number canister. Be sure the chemical filter will provide TC-23C-110. Pulmosan Safety Equipment protection against the pesticide you intend to Corp. use. ¥ HSC Model 1482-G100-F104 respirator with a ¥ Make sure all valves, mechanical filters, and G100 organic vapor cartridge and an F104 chemical filters (cartridges or canisters) are prefilter. Approval Number TC-23C-202. H.S. properly positioned and sealed. Cover Co.

¥ Fit the respirator on your face to ensure a tight ¥ Norton Co. SPD, 7549 respirator with dual but comfortable seal. 7500-21 cartridges. Approval number TC-23C-74. Norton Co. SPD. Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office.

Respiratory Protective Devices for Pesticides 3

¥ AO number R5058 or R6058 respirator with ¥ MSA Hydrocyanic Acid Mask, number R58 cartridges. Approval number TC-23C-106. 457084, with 77709 GMK canister. American Optical Safety Products. ¥ MSA , number 457097, for sulfuryl ¥ Willson ATX2 or 122115 respirator with R21 fluoride (Vikane) with GMV-55 Vikane cartridges and R15 filters. Approval number canister. TC-23C-54. Inco Safety Products Co. ¥ Scott Aviation Mask, number 601212-60, for ¥ Apex GAR-2025 respirator with C-25 , organic vapors, , cartridge. Approval number TC-23C-197. and with 084-PHOS-R canister. Apex Safety Products. ¥ Scott Aviation Mask, number 602211-14 for ¥ Scott Aviation number 64-OVP half-facepiece organic vapors like methyl bromide, with 184-V respirator with 642-OV cartridges and 642-F canister. particulate filters. Approval number TC-23C-117. Scott Aviation, a Division of ¥ (Fumigant masks have been approved by the A-T-O Inc. Bureau of Mines, Schedule 14F, which is currently valid.) ¥ Scott Aviation number 65-OVP full-facepiece respirator with 642-OV cartridges and 642-F particulate filters. Approval number TC-23C-224. Scott Aviation, a Division of A-T-O Inc.

Gas Masks

¥ MSA Chin Style Pesticide Mask, number 448983 or 448984 (in case) with 448972 canister. Approval number TC-14G-86. Mine Safety Appliances Co.

¥ MSA Industrial Size Pesticide Mask, number 448942 with 448966 canister. Approval number TC-14G-99. Mine Safety Appliances Co.

Powered Air-Purifying Pesticide System

3M Co. W-262, W-263, or W-264 pesticide system with replaceable prefilter pad (W-2032), replaceable high-efficiency filter (W-2031), and replaceable chemical cartridge (W-2114). Approval number TC-23C-78. Co.

Fumigant Masks

¥ MSA Mask, number 457069, for phosphine, organic vapors, and hydrogen sulfide, with two 77713 GMC-SS-1 canisters.

¥ MSA Mask, number 448934, for organic vapors like methyl bromide, with GMA 449888 canister. Approval number TC-14G-97.