RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PROGRAM
PURPOSE
During the course of work activities it may be necessary to use respiratory equipment for protection against respiratory hazards. This program’s primary objective is to prevent excessive exposure to harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors. When effective engineering controls are not feasible, or while they are being instituted, appropriate respirators shall be used. This program establishes procedures for respirator selection, use, care, maintenance, medical evaluation, training and storage.
RESPIRATORY HAZARD CLASSIFICATION
Of the three normally recognized ways toxic materials can enter the body - through the (1) gastrointestinal tract, (2) skin, and (3) lungs – the respiratory system presents the quickest and most direct avenue of entry. This is because of the respiratory system’s direct relationship with the circulatory system and the constant need to oxygenate tissue cells to sustain life. Once the toxic material enters the lungs it then enters the bloodstream. The three basic classifications of respiratory hazards are:
1. Oxygen deficient air 2. Particulate contaminants 3. Gas and vapor contaminants
Respiratory hazards exist in many construction work places. Winger Companies, herein referred to as Winger, employees need to be trained to recognize and identify these hazards and to be able to protect themselves.
DUSTS – Airborne dusts often represent one of most significant respiratory hazards. Some dusts, such as asbestos, coal dust, and silica, can cause pneumoconiosis, or scarring of the lung with long term exposure.
TRACE METALS – Metals such as arsenic and cadmium are contained in low levels in fly ash and boiler tube deposits. If conditions are excessively dusty or if boiler tube deposits are released by cutting or grinding, significant exposure to these substances may occur. Metals can act as general systemic toxins. The type of toxic effects depends on the type of metal.
MISTS – Tiny droplets of liquid suspended in the air. Examples are oil mist produced from lubricants used in metal cutting operations, acid mists from electroplating, and paint spray mist from spraying operations.
METAL FUMES – Iron oxide, and finely divided particles containing arsenic, cadmium, lead and other metals called fume can be generated during the welding and cutting operations. Fume exposure can affect lung function and may be associated with other toxic effects.
GASES – Sulfur oxides from boiler flue gas, sulfuric acid gas and ozone from arcing in precipitators are lung irritants. Carbon monoxide is produced by incomplete combustion of a fuel.
CHEMICAL VAPOR – Vapor from solvents, paints and paint thinner, and boiler chemicals such as hydrazine can cause health effects ranging from headache and nausea to nervous system damage.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 1 of 13 CARCINOGENS – Overexposure to arsenic and asbestos has been associated with lung and other types of cancer. Hydrazine has been shown to cause cancer in test animals.
BIOLOGICAL – Include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other living organisms that are respirable and can cause acute and chronic infections. Examples include Legionnaire’s Disease, animal waste and Histoplasmosis.
EVALUATION of the ATMOSPHERE
Prior to beginning work activities, the atmosphere in the work area must be evaluated in order to determine the nature and degree of actual or potential exposure. The following guidelines can be used when identifying those specific applications requiring the use of respiratory equipment.
OXYGEN DEFICIENT ATMOSPHERES – Any atmosphere that tests lower than 19.5% oxygen is considered to be oxygen deficient. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) or airline respirators supplied from breathing air cylinders are required.
IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH (IDLH) - Means an atmosphere that poses an immediate threat to life, would cause irreversible adverse health effects, or would impair the individual’s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
NOT IMMEDIATELY HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES – Atmospheres where oxygen levels are adequate but contain gaseous contaminants or particulate matter are considered to be not immediately hazardous atmospheres. Use chemical cartridge respirators for gaseous. Use mechanical filter respirators to protect against particulate matter.
HAZARD CONTROL and HAZARD ASSESSMENT
The best way to control respiratory hazards is the elimination of conditions that create the potentially hazardous environment. This can be accomplished by three ways; first, engineering design (through process or equipment design process ventilation, and/or the substitution of less hazardous materials) second, administrative controls (special work practices such as washing or vacuuming work areas, establishing regulated areas), or third, the use of respirators and protective clothing may be necessary. The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is always used as a last resort when the first two options cannot reduce the hazard.
To the extent possible, the choice of the appropriate type of respiratory protection shall be based upon work place monitoring data. Always check the Material Safety Data Sheet for the material you will be exposed to and identify the proper respirator to be worn.
Additional workplace monitoring where the potential exists for employee overexposure to airborne contaminants may also be necessary.
EXAMPLES OF TASKS THAT MAY REQUIRE RESPIRATORS
Welding Brazing Soldering
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 2 of 13 Cutting Spraying Grinding Painting Chemical Use Confined Space Entry
SELECTION of EQUIPMENT GUIDELINES
The choice of the appropriate respirator is based on the knowledge of the potential hazards to which an employee is likely to be exposed, the specific contaminants, the concentrations of contaminants, the skin absorption potential of the contaminants, and whether there is an adequate supply of oxygen in the contaminated atmosphere.
Not all respirators are right for all jobs. There are different types of respirators that must be used in certain situations. Proper selection of respirators is very important. IF you choose the wrong respirator for the job, you could be putting yourself at serious risk. To choose the correct respirator for the job, the air must be tested to find out the condition of the atmosphere or the material must be identified, for example substances in piping systems.
Winger employees will only use air-purifying respirators that are NIOSH certified. Air-purifying respirators use filters or chemical absorbing cartridges to remove harmful contaminants from the air the user is breathing.
Air-purifying respirators or combination cartridge / filter – simply filters air – does not supply oxygen, therefore cannot be worn in environments which are oxygen deficient (< 19.5%) or immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH). When air contaminants exceed permissible exposure limits, use an air-purifying or filtering respirator coded to protect you against your specific job hazards.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 3 of 13 TYPES OF RESPIRATORS
There are two basic types of respirators, air purifying and air supplying. Winger provides, at no cost to the employee, different types of air purifying respirators to employees who pass the pulmonary function test; respirator fit test and medical evaluation.
AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS
1. Particulate Respirators (Dust Masks) – These type of respirators have a Protection Factor (PF) of 5 – 10. Workplace applications include grinding, sanding, sweeping, bagging and other dusty operations. These are disposable and may be used on a voluntary basis.
APPENDIX D TO OSHA §1910.134 MANDATORY INFORMATION FOR EMPLOYEES USING RESPIRATORS WHEN NOT REQUIRED UNDER THE STANDARD
Respirators are an effective method of protection against designated hazards when properly selected and worn. Respirator use is encouraged, even when exposures are below the exposure limit, to provide an additional level of comfort and protection for workers. However, if a respirator is used improperly or not kept clean, the respirator itself can become a hazard to the worker. Sometimes, workers may wear respirators to avoid exposures to hazards, even if the amount of hazardous substance does not exceed the limits set by OSHA standards. You need to take certain precautions to be sure that the respirator itself does not present a hazard.
You should do the following:
A. Read and heed all instructions provided by the manufacturer on use, maintenance, cleaning and care, and warnings regarding the respirators limitations.
B. Choose respirators certified for use to protect against the contaminant of concern. NIOSH certifies respirators. A label or statement of certification should appear on the respirator or respirator packaging. It will tell you what the respirator is designed for and how much it will protect you.
C. Do not wear your respirator into atmospheres containing contaminants for which your respirator is not designed to protect against. For example, a respirator designed to filter dust particles will not protect you against gases, vapors, or very small solid particles of fumes or smoke.
D. Do not use someone else’s respirator.
E. When not in use, keep your respirator in a clean storage bag.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 4 of 13 2. Half Mask Respirators – These types of respirators have a PF of 10 and are used for respiratory protection from certain airborne contaminants such as most vapors, acid gases, dust or welding fumes. These types of respirators provide no protection to the eyes or surrounding area on the face. Cartridges/filters must match contaminant(s) and be changed periodically or other applicable regulations and manufacturer’s instructions.
3. Full Facepiece Respirators – These types of respirators have a PF of 50. They feature a wraparound lens combined with a soft, pliable silicone facepiece that provides a total solution to air- purifying needs. This type of respirator protects the employee’s face and eyes while protecting their lungs from hazardous atmospheres. Cartridges/filters must match contaminant(s) and be changed according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
4. Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) – An air purifying respirator that uses a blower for force the ambient air through air purifying elements to the inlet covering. Offers breathing comfort from a battery-powered fan which pulls air through filters and circulates air throughout the helmet/hood. These types of respirators are more comfortable and relieve the frustration of “fogging over”. Cartridges/filters must match contaminant(s) and be changed according to manufacturer’s recommendations.
AIR SUPPLYING RESPIRATORS
1. Air Line Respirators have a hose connected to a compressor that is equipped with a filtering system that purifies the air. This type of respirator has a PF of 1,000 and is typically used for tasks such as asbestos removal or tank coating applications. Working with air line respirators can restrict the workers movement because the air line cannot exceed 300 feet in length. Air lines can be damaged by punctures and deteriorations, so it is important to inspect the air line hose before each use and to be especially careful around sharp objects when wearing one.
2. Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) has a PF of 10,000 and provides the greatest degree of protection. They are used for entry and escape from atmospheres that are considered immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) or oxygen deficient. They use their own air supply tank and are commonly worn by emergency rescue crews. These types of respirators require extensive training and buddy systems. Winger personnel are not trained in this type of respirator.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 5 of 13 RESPIRATOR LIMITATIONS
Several personal factors can affect the protection provided by respirators. It is important that each employee is aware of these factors.
1. Beards and long sideburns can prevent a good seal between the face and the respirator. Mustaches are acceptable as long as they fit under the mask without affecting the seal. 2. Long hair can also interfere with a good seal in some situations. Long hair can be pulled back away from the face and secured to prevent interference with the respirator’s seal. 3. Eyeglasses can also prevent a good seal because the temple can prevent the respirator from fitting up against the side of the head. IF you wear eyeglasses and cannot get a good seal, notify the safety department and request a spectacle kit. An employee should not attempt to work without their prescription glasses. Working without glasses creates a serious potential for accident or injury. 4. Contact lenses cannot be used with respirators in a contaminated atmosphere because contact lenses are porous and can absorb chemicals, thereby causing contact with the eye. Also humidity inside a respirator fluctuates and may affect the ability to wear contacts comfortably. And last if a lens falls out in a hazardous area, the employee may be put in a dangerous situation because there is no way they can put their contact back in without removing their respirator. 5. Chewing gum, food or tobacco are other factors that can limit respirator protection. Chewing puts a strain on the respirator seal and could lead to the ingestion of contaminants.
FILTER CARTRIDGE CLASSIFICATIONS
These classifications are marked on the filter or filter package with HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air), or N, R or P series:
N-Series: Not Oil Resistant • Approved for non-oil particulate contaminants • Examples: dust, fumes, mists not containing oil
R-Series: Oil Resistant • Approved for all particulate contaminants, including those containing oil • Examples: dusts, mists, fumes • Time restriction of 8 hours when oils are present
P-Series: Oil Proof • Approved for all particulate contaminants including those containing oil • Examples: dust, fumes, mists • See manufacturer’s time use restrictions on packaging
RESPIRATOR CARTRIDGE CHANGE OUT SCHEDULE
The unknown factor with cartridge respirators has always known when the cartridge must be replaced. Some respirators come with and “end-of-service-life-indicator” (ESLI). These indicators clearly show when the cartridge is saturated and therefore, must be replaced.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 6 of 13 For those cartridges that do not have an ESLI, a change out schedule must be in place. Though a written respirator change-out schedule is good, there are dynamic factors that may affect the life of a respirator filter. These factors include:
Temperature and humidity - The warmer it is the higher the humidity, the shorter the life of the respirator cartridges. Breath rate - How fast the user is breathing and drawing contaminants through the cartridges affects their life. Chemical concentration – levels of the chemical the worker is exposed may rise and lower during the job task.
Respirator companies such as North, 3M and MSA have a complimentary online respirator change-out calculation programs. These change-out programs are available on line at:
NORTH: www.northsafety.com 3M: http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/Health/Safety/Resources/Four/ MSA: http://webapps.msanet.com/cartlife/
Information needed for calculation: 1. Chemical(s) Exposure 2. Contaminant Concentration 3. Atmospheric Pressure 4. Average Breathing Rate 5. Temperature 6. Relative Humidity 7. Respirator Type 8. Cartridge Type 9. Breakthrough Concentration
Cartridges that are used in respirators by more than one person must be changed after use and the respirator disinfected after one person’s use.
RESPIRATOR PRE-USE CHECKS
1. Check that all parts of the respirator are complete and undamaged.
2. Check that the filter canister/cartridge(s) approval is appropriate and effective against the contaminant in the environment.
3. Respirator Fit Check A worker will not get a good seal if they have facial hair that comes in contact with the respirator facepiece. That part of their face must be clean shaven. Respirator must seal properly to the face - It should be secure (but not too tight) around the chin, not slip or pinch your nose. However, it must allow them to move their head and talk. Fit check before entering an area or conducting work that requires a respirator. Report any problems getting a good fit or wearing a respirator.
4. Positive Pressure Check Close off the exhalation valve and exhale gently into the facepiece. Satisfactory if a slight positive pressure can be built up inside the facepiece without outward leakage of air around the seal.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 7 of 13 5. Negative Pressure Check Close off the exhalation valve and exhale gently into the facepiece Satisfactory if the facepiece collapses slightly – hold your breath for ten seconds
The respirator will not furnish protection unless all inhaled air is drawn through a suitable canister/cartridge(s).
RESPIRATOR USE
Adherence to the following guidelines will help ensure the proper and safe use of respiratory equipment:
1. Employees required to wear respirators MUST have the following:
Medical approval to wear respirator Fit tested to ensure proper fit Respirator training
2. Respirators are selected by a hazard assessment according to NIOSH standards. Approved respiratory equipment SHALL be worn when there is a potential exposure to harmful airborne particles, contaminants, vapors, or gases above established exposure limits or oxygen deficiencies in the work area.
3. Each facility shall identify specific respiratory equipment to be used by contractors. It is each employee’s responsibility to follow those requirements. In the event, a facility states a respirator to be “on hand”, the employee shall wear the specified respirator until all hazardous atmospheres are eliminated.
4. Some situations, such as chemical spills or other emergencies, may require a higher level of protection than the respirator can handle. Also, the proper cartridge must be matched to the hazard, (a cartridge designed for dusts and mists will not provide protection for chemical vapors).
5. Winger employees are to wear only the respirator they have been instructed and trained to use. For example, they are not to wear a SCBA if they have been assigned and fitted for a half-mask respirator. Use of personal, employee owned, respirators is not allowed.
6. Special safety glasses must be worn by employees who require corrective lenses. At no time shall eyeglasses or goggles protrude under the sealing surface of the respirator unless specifically designed to do so.
7. Follow all manufacturer end of service life (ESLI) instructions or calculated change out schedule for cartridges and canisters.
8. Do not alter, abuse or misuse cartridge/filters and/or respirators.
9. If any danger signals are experienced using a respirator, employees will immediately evacuate the respirator area and inform their supervisor. Examples of danger signals are:
If the employee detects vapor or gas breakthrough changes in breathing resistance leakage of the facepiece
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 8 of 13 Symptoms such as; • Eye, nose, or throat irritation; • Breathing difficulty; • Chest pain; • Loss of equilibrium, nausea, or dizziness or a sick feeling.
10. Failure to follow all instructions and limitations on the use of cartridge/filter and/or failure to wear the respirator during all times of exposure can reduce respirator effectiveness and may result in sickness or death.
MAINTENANCE AND CARE OF RESPIRATORS
1. The user shall be responsible for the maintenance and care of individually assigned respirators.
2. Inspection of respirators shall be performed as follows:
All respiratory protective equipment shall be inspected prior to and after each use by the individual wearer for cracks, tears and missing or broken pieces. Inspections shall conform to the manufacturers recommendations. Respirators that fail inspection will be removed from service immediately. Respirators should be cleaned and disinfected using the cleaning procedures recommended by the respirator manufacturer. If the respirator is used by more than one person it shall be cleaned and disinfected before each use. When not in use, respirators will be stored to protect against deformation, dust, sunlight, extreme temperatures, excessive moisture, and damaging chemicals. Clean, re-sealable plastic bags or other equivalent containers will be used to store respirators after each day’s use for prolonged periods of time.
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES
SUPERVISORS/FOREMEN
It is critical that supervisors and foremen check job procedures and chemical Material Safety Data Sheets at customer’s facilities for the correct respirator and filter criteria. Ensure that employees follow the company respirator program. Ensure employees who wear respirators have received the medical evaluation, fit testing and required training. Ensure the availability of respirators and cartridges. Ensure respirator users properly clean, maintain and store their respirators properly.
EMPLOYEES
Wear a respirator when and where required. Wearing the respirator in the manner described in the training. Maintaining the respirator as instructed. Informing the supervisor if a respirator no longer fits and request a new one. To wash their faces and respirator facepieces as necessary to prevent eye or skin irritation associated with respirator use; To replace the respirator or the filter, cartridge, or canister elements.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 9 of 13 MEDICAL QUALIFICATION AND EVALUATION
Medical evaluation is required for all respirator users except for employees who voluntarily use dust masks and for those employee’s whose only respiratory use would be escape-only and powered air purifier respirators. (Note: many “dust masks” are classified as dust or biological respirators and require fit testing, check manufacturer’s literature.)
1. Medical qualification and fit-testing is required for any job or work area where respiratory protection is required to protect employee health (Example: Work areas where exposures may exceed an OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).
2. Prior to assigning an employee to a task requiring the use of a respirator or performing any fit- tests, a medical evaluation is required to be performed by a physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP) to determine a wearer’s ability to use a respirator.
3. The initial medical exam shall include the completion of the medical questionnaire by the employee. The questionnaire is listed in OSHA 29 CRF 1910.134 sections 1 and 2, Part A of Appendix C.
4. The Medical qualification (questionnaire) shall be completed annually. The Pulmonary Function Test shall be completed every two years or unless directed otherwise by a medical professional.
5. A written opinion must be obtained form the PLHCP on the employee’s ability to use the respirator and shall identify any limitations on respirator use: the need, if any, for follow-up medical evaluations; and a statement that the PLHCP has provided the employee with a copy of the PLHCP’s written recommendation.
6. Additional follow-up medical evaluations are required if an employee reports signs and symptoms that are related to respirator use; PLHCP, supervisor or program administrator determines that an employee needs to be re-evaluated; or changes occur in workplace conditions that may increase physical demands on the respirator wearer.
7. All medical questionnaires and related exams must be maintained in confidential files.
8. A list of the employees that have medical clearance to use respirators shall be maintained at each work location.
9. Medical evaluations will be held during normal working hours at 2 locations for convenience; one at Cargill, Eddyville and the second at the Ottumwa shop.
10. All employees are encouraged to ask any questions while completing their medical questionnaire.
11. Employee will be given a chance to discuss the results with the physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP) as instructed on the medical evaluation form.
FIT TESTING REQUIREMENTS
1. All personnel who wear respirators are required to undergo either qualitative or quantitative fit- testing prior to initial use of a specific respirator and annually thereafter or when a change in respirator brand, type or size is made. Employees must be fit tested for each type, style, and size respirator they may be assigned.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 10 of 13 2. Additional fit-testing may also be required if significant changes in a person’s physical condition have occurred (e.g. dental changes, facial scarring, cosmetic surgery, or an obvious change in body weight).
3. Protocols to perform fit-testing are included in Appendix A of the OSHA standard. For most applications, the less complex qualitative fit-testing methods available include banana oil, saccharin, irritant smoke, or Bitrex.
4. Facial hair is not allowed to be between the respirator and face or interfere with respirator valves. Any employee who has facial hair that may interfere with the respirator seal will not be fit tested. Employees assigned to areas requiring respirators must be clean-shaven or will be required to wear a loose fitting shroud or helmet powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) if suitable for the hazards present. Employees who will be required to wear SCBA respirators must be clean-shaven.
5. Care should be taken to ensure corrective glasses do not interfere with the respirator seal.
6. User seal checks must be performed each time a respirator is used. Instructions for these seal checks will be presented during respiratory protection training.
7. An employee must pass a fit-test before being assigned a task requiring the use of a tight-fitting respirator. In the event an employee cannot achieve an adequate respirator fit due to individual facial characteristics, alternative models, brands, and sizes of respirator will be provided to assure adequate fit.
TRAINING OSHA 29 CFR §1910.134
Training for employees who are required to use respirators will be conducted annually and more often if necessary. Training will be provided prior to requiring the employee to use a respirator in the workplace.
1. The training shall ensure that each employee can demonstrate knowledge of the following:
Why the respirator is necessary and how improper fit, usage, or maintenance can compromise the protective effect of the respirator. Limitations and capabilities of the respirator. How to use the respirator effectively in emergency situations, including situations in which the respirator malfunctions. How to inspect, put on and remove, use, and check the seals of the respirator. What procedures are required for maintenance and storage of the respirator? How to recognize medical signs and symptoms that may limit or prevent the effective use of respirators.
2. Training shall be conducted in a manner that is understandable to the employee.
3. Training shall be provided prior to requiring the employee to use a respirator in the workplace.
4. A new employee who has received training within the last 12 months that addresses the elements specified in §1910.134(k)(1)(i) through (vii) is not required to repeat such training provided that the employee can demonstrate knowledge of those elements. Previous training not
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 11 of 13 repeated initially by the employer must be provided no later than 12 months from the date of the previous training.
5. Retraining is required annually or when the following situations occur:
Changes in the workplace or the type of respirator renders previous training obsolete; Inadequacies in the employee’s knowledge or use of the respirator indicate that the employee has not retained the requisite understanding or skill; or Any other situation arises in which retraining appears necessary to ensure safe respirator use.
PROGRAM EVALUATION
Evaluations of the workplace will be conducted to ensure that the written respiratory protection program is being properly implemented, and to consult employees to ensure that they are using the respirators properly. Employees will be consulted to access their views on program effectiveness and to identify any problems. Any problems that are identified during the assessment shall be corrected.
Any employee who may undergo medical or physical changes that would affect their capability of performing work with respirators must immediately notify the Winger Safety Director. At no time will an employee be put at risk to their health.
This Respiratory Protection Program will be reviewed and/or updated by the Winger Safety Director on an annual basis, or whenever necessary, to reflect changes in regulations or procedures which affect the respiratory program.
RECORDKEEPING
Winger will retain all training, fit testing and written records regarding medical evaluation in accordance with OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.1020 for the duration of employment plus 30 years. Applicable employees will receive copies of their pulmonary and respirator fit tests on an annual basis. Copies of all medical records shall be maintained in the employee medical files at Winger main office, 918 Hayne Street, Ottumwa, Iowa.
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 12 of 13 SOURCE CREDITS
U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, www.osha.gov Mechanical Contractors Association of America, www.mcaa.org Modern Contractor Solutions: The Equipment & Business Solution for Concrete & General Contractors MSA: The Safety Company Allen Blasting and Coating, Inc. Advantage Online: Technical Information for the Collision Industry National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Alliant Energy Corporation Cargill Corn Milling North America Mine Safety Appliances Company 3-M Innovation
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Initial Program December 17, 2003 Revised July 19, 2005 Revised January 10, 2006 Revised September 5, 2007 Revised February 27, 2009 Revised November 9, 2011 Revised October 1, 2012 Revised April 2, 2013 Reviewed April 8, 2015 Revised October 19, 2016 Revised September 13, 2017
______Winger Companies Safety & Health Manual Respiratory Program Revised September 2017 Page 13 of 13