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Gerromorpha Y Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) Del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado Del Valle Del Cuñá Pirú, Provincia De Misiones, Argentina

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Gerromorpha Y Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) Del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado Del Valle Del Cuñá Pirú, Provincia De Misiones, Argentina Lundiana 9(1):57-66, 2008 © 2009 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - UFMG ISSN 1676-6180 Gerromorpha y Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú, Provincia de Misiones, Argentina Silvia A. Mazzucconi1; Mónica López Ruf2 & Axel O. Bachmann1 1 Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mails: (SAM) [email protected] / (AOB) [email protected] 2 División Entomología, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, B900FWA La Plata, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) from the Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú, Misiones Province, Argentina. A preliminary list of the species of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera occurring in the Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú is presented. Thirty species included in 13 genera and five families of Gerromorpha and 26 species belonging to 15 genera and six families of Nepomorpha were recorded; only 16 species had been previously cited from the park. Ten species and one genus are reported from Argentina for the first time: Microvelia argentata Nieser & Alkins-Koo, Microvelia braziliensis McKinstry, Microvelia limaiana Drake, Rhagovelia janeira Drake, Rhagovelia lucida Gould, Rhagovelia paulana Drake (Veliidae), the genus Cylindrostethus, with C. palmaris Drake & Harris (Gerridae), Curicta carinata Kuitert (Nepidae), Neotrephes lanemeloi Nieser & Chen, and Neotrephes usingeri China (Helotrephidae). Twenty-four species (18 of Gerromorpha and six of Nepomorpha) and five genera (Hebrus, Paravelia, Platyvelia, Cylindrostethus and Curicta) are reported from Misiones Province for the first time. The most diverse families included Veliidae (16 species), Gerridae (9), Naucoridae (7), Notonectidae (6) and Corixidae (5). The diversity of species inhabiting in the Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú accounts for 83% of Gerromorpha and 39% of Nepomorpha recorded from the Misiones Province. These results emphasize the value of this protected area for the conservation of biodiversity of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera occurring in the province. Keywords: Semiaquatic insects, aquatic insects, fauna. Neotropics. Introducción tala indiscriminada para extender los campos de cultivo, motivo por el cual los estudios de biodiversidad y los inventarios El Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá faunísticos han cobrado gran importancia en los últimos Pirú se encuentra emplazado dentro del llamado “Corredor tiempos. Verde de la Provincia de Misiones” y, conjuntamente con la Cabrera & Willink (1980) consideran el área de estudio Reserva Privada de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata del dentro de la Región Neotropical, Dominio Amazónico, arroyo Cuñá Pirú, representan la terminal más austral de las Provincia Paranaense, Distrito de las Selvas Mixtas. Dentro de selvas continuas de Misiones. Se encuentran en dos Departa- este último habría una comunidad clímax (Selvas de laurel y mentos provinciales: Cainguás (Municipio de Aristóbulo del guatambú) que abarcaría la mayor parte del área, que se Valle) y Libertador General San Martín (Municipio de encuentra entre las laderas y faldeos de la vertiente occidental de Garuhapé). la Sierra de Misiones, caracterizada por pequeños cerros de no A pesar de formar parte del Sistema Provincial de Áreas más de 496 msnm, quebradas y valles que drenan hacia el cauce Protegidas, la selva ha tenido una incesante disminución por la del arroyo Cuñá Pirú. El Valle del Cuñá Pirú se encuentra dentro de las regiones de Relieve Montañoso Fuertemente Disectado y de Relieve Fuertemente Ondulado a Colinado. La Sierra de Misiones, de Received: 29-VII-08 180 km de longitud, constituye la separación de las aguas de los Accepted: 15-V-09 afluentes del río Paraná y del Uruguay (Margalot, 1985). La Distributed: 15.VII.09 mayor parte de la provincia se encuentra cubierta por capas 57 Mazzucconi et al continuas y gruesas (de 10 a 20 m de espesor) de rocas bajo el dosel de la selva en galería y están constituidos por una eruptivas, producto de una intensa actividad volcánica durante el serie de rabiones y correderas, interrumpidos por remansos, y Período Jurásico. El área de estudio se encuentra entre las tramos de corriente más o menos lenta de acuerdo con la época laderas y faldeos de la vertiente occidental de la Sierra de del año (McCain et. al, 1990). El cauce se desliza sobre y entre Misiones, caracterizada por pequeños cerros de no más de 500 guijarros de variado tamaño, alternados con amplios y suaves m, quebradas y valles que drenan hacia el cauce del arroyo Cuñá afloramientos de antigua roca volcánica; hay sectores de lecho Pirú. limo-arenoso. La erosión diferencial de los basaltos ha formado escalones El agua es transparente en algunos casos, y blanco lechoso de diversa importancia en el relieve lo cual produce que, al en otros. Las orillas se encuentran bordeadas de exuberante llegar a un escalón topográfico, los cauces de los cursos de agua vegetación que, en ocasiones, invade la zona central de los formen saltos y correderas donde se encuentra una rica fauna cauces donde la profundidad es muy escasa, formando matorra- acuática. les de plantas herbáceas. En algunos sectores remansados se Si bien los autores han trabajado a lo largo del tiempo con halló entomofauna entre las plantas acuáticas arraigadas. cierta intensidad en toda la provincia de Misiones, las muestras Las muestras bentónicas se tomaron donde el agua, bien fueron tomadas en distintos sitios, esporádicamente y sin oxigenada, corre entre los guijarros y en profundidades que periodicidad, como sucede con los estudios taxonómicos. No oscilaron entre los 10 y 20 cm. existían hasta ahora listas de heterópteros acuáticos y Lénticos: son poco abundantes en la zona; en general se semiacuáticos del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle los halla en lugares bajos, inundados por el agua de lluvia, o del Cuñá Pirú. En el presente trabajo se consignan muestreos formados y mantenidos por un mínimo aporte de agua de realizados con cierta periodicidad y en diferentes estaciones del alguna vertiente. La mayoría son de pequeño tamaño, de unos año. Por este motivo se consideró de interés dar a conocer la pocos m² (salvo uno, de más de una hectárea), con fondos diversidad actual de los Heteroptera acuáticos y semiacuáticos, barrosos y abundantes plantas arraigadas y flotantes. Los estableciendo una base para poder monitorear los cambios fondos presentan en todos los casos mucho detrito constituido faunísticos que se produzcan en el porvenir, favoreciendo el mayoritariamente por hojas y plantas en descomposición, mejor manejo de las áreas protegidas. También se pretende aunque el agua es clara. contribuir para futuros estudios biogeográficos. El estudio tiene dos objetivos principales: 1) conocer el elenco faunístico de Resultados y discusión heterópteros semiacuáticos y acuáticos del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú, como área protegida La fauna del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado comprende para la conservación de la biodiversidad de la Provincia de 30 especies, 13 géneros y 5 familias de Gerromorpha y 26 Misiones, y 2) contribuir al conocimiento de la fauna de la especies, 15 géneros y 6 familias de Nepomorpha (Anexo I); Argentina en particular, respecto de la distribución geográfica. solo 16 especies fueron citadas previamente del parque (Mazzucconi & Bachmann, 1995a, 1997; Estévez & Perez- Material y métodos Goodwyn, 1999; Crespo & Iglesias, 2001; López Ruf, 2007a; López Ruf & Hernández, 2007). Hay 10 especies y 1 género que Material entomológico se citan por primera vez de la Argentina: Microvelia argentata Nieser & Alkins-Koo, Microvelia braziliensis McKinstry, Las campañas realizadas en el Parque Provincial Salto Microvelia limaiana Drake, Rhagovelia janeira Drake, Encantado del Valle del Cuñá Pirú fueron: 24-31/X/2004 Rhagovelia lucida Gould, Rhagovelia paulana Drake (Veliidae); (Angrisano, Archangelsky, Fernández, López Ruf y el género Cylindrostethus, con la especie C. palmaris Drake & Mazzucconi); 6-11/XII/2004 (Angrisano); 16-27/II/2005 Harris (Gerridae); Curicta carinata Kuitert (Nepidae); (Abelando y Angrisano); 4-14/I/2006 (Angrisano y Bravo); 31/ Neotrephes lanemeloi Nieser & Chen, Neotrephes usingeri III-6/IV/2006 (Abelando, Corigliano, López Ruf, Mazzucconi y China (Helotrephidae). Hay 24 especies (18 de Gerromorpha y 6 Sganga). de Nepomorpha) y 5 géneros (Hebrus, Paravelia, Platyvelia, La recolección se realizó con coladores y redes Cylindrostethus y Curicta) que se citan por primera vez de la entomológicas de 0,5 a 1,0 mm de abertura de malla. Los Provincia de Misiones. Hay 40 especies (20 de Gerromorpha y ejemplares se fijaron en alcohol etílico 70° GL. Para la 20 de Nepomorpha) y 17 géneros (Hebrus, Microvelia, identificación de taxones se utilizó la bibliografía mencionada Paravelia, Platyvelia, Rhagovelia, Cylindrostethus, Curicta, por Bachmann & Mazzucconi (1995) y Bachmann (1998). El Ranatra, Belostoma, Heterocorixa, Sigara, Tenagobia, material se depositó en el Museo de La Plata y en la colección Cryphocricos, Limnocoris, Pelocoris, Buenoa y Martarega) que de S. Mazzucconi (Laboratorio de Entomología, Facultad de se citan por primera vez del Parque Provincial Salto Encantado. Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires). La mayor
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