DOCSLIB.ORG

The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris ÉCOLE DOCTORALE DE SCIENCES PO Programme doctoral Amérique latine Centre d’études et de recherches internationales [CERI] Doctorat en science politique The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy Fiscal rentierism and geography in Argentina Matías Federico Bianchi Thèse dirigée par M. Olivier Dabène Soutenue le 21 mai 2013 Jury : M. Olivier Dabène, Professeur des universités, Sciences Po Paris M. Carlos Gervasoni, Profesor, Departamento de Ciencia Política y Estudios Internacionales, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella (rapporteur) M. Gérôme Sgard, Professeur FNSP, Sciences Po Paris M. Laurence Whitehead, Senior Research Fellow in Politics, Nuffield College, University of Oxford (rapporteur) Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 2 PREFACE "Un intelectual debe ocuparse de cosas que lo conmueven moralmente." - O´Donnell (Página 12, 14 Sept 2003). This dissertation is about a deep moral preoccupation that has almost monopolized my intellectual energy since a teenager. With different questions, levels of complexity and approaches, the goals have remained unchained: the paradoxical political dynamics of Argentina´s provinces. I come from San Luis, the province whose politics is the main driver of this work. In high school I already could not understand how people from San Luis would vote, in increasingly higher percentages in every subsequent election, for politicians who were openly corrupt, that changed judiciary authorities when they did not like them, and spent public funds on building the best basketball team on the country while having one of the worst education and health systems. Those questions led me to study political science, to approach the theories of development and democracy of Guillermo O´Donnell, Amartya Sen and others, who gave me hints about the centrality of citizenship and the factors that could hinder their capabilities. Then, with a higher degree of complexity in my understanding, I understood that what happened in San Luis was not unusual and there was something in the institutional dynamics of Argentina´s federal arrangements that could explain this tragedy that seemed to condemn millions in my country. This was the focus of study of my master's degree in Oxford. Then, while working at the Development Center of the OECD, I learned through the experience of oil exporting countries, that there was a common causality that was hindering the process of democratization of my province and others. This has been the path I have taken in my doctoral dissertation but I am confident that new perspectives will continue to emerge. Over the years I have evolved my questions and approaches and I have even learned the broader scope of my very basic preoccupations. The main goal of this work is not academic, but moral and political: to strengthen the capacity of citizens to decide what to do with their lives. Ultimately, I hope, I can help to shed light for decision makers on an agenda for change. Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to my supervisor Olivier Dabène who has supported me from the beginning in this lonely and sometimes bitter adventure that is a doctoral dissertation. I am also grateful to the The Graduate School at Northwestern University, where I was a fellow during the 2010-11 academic year. My time there represented a crucial period for advancements in my research. Also to my colleagues who have helped me in one way or the other, providing ideas, references, sharing their data sets and even commenting on drafts of my work. I hope I remember them all: Jennifer Cyr, Marcelo Escolar, Hugo Rodriguez, James Mahoney, Carlos Gervasoni, Sebastián Barros, Sebastián Lew, Carlos Freytes, Lucas González, Julieta Suarez- Cao, Nicolás Caputo, Alejandro Groppo, Ramiro Berardo, Omar Samper, Néstor Menéndez, Roberto González Espíndola, Agustina Giraudy, Mariana Rulli, Natalia Zuazo, Charles Oman, Enrique Elorza, Ignacio Lara, Sebastián Freille, Victor Mazzalay, and Julio Esteban Vezub. To my friends, Ignacio Lara, Jacqueline Behrend and Julieta Suarez-Cao, who read drafts of my work and encouraged me in moments of uncertainty. My family has also played an immense role. To my brothers, Guillermo, Pablo, Andrés, and my sisters, Laura and Eugenia, with whom I have endlessly discussed the topics of this dissertation and with whom I share the same moral concerns. To my father who showed me the questions, and, especially, to my mother who taught me how to find the answers. To my daughter, Morena, my source of inspiration and the reason I hope for a better world. And last, but not least, to Jennifer. Without her love, intellectual support, proofreading skills and patience I would have been unable to finish this dissertation. Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Figures 8 Tables 10 Acronyms 11 I The Political Economy of Subnational Democracy 13 A) The Redistributive Argentine Federalism: history, structure and dynamics 16 1) Political Federalism 17 2) Fiscal federalism 18 3) Political and economic inequalities 19 B) Looking for causal mechanisms: The Rentier State 21 1) Rents and politics 24 2) Rentier State 25 3) Sub-national Rentier states 26 C) Geography and politics 27 D) Methodological approach 30 1) Lack of reliable cross sectional data 30 2) Mechanisms 32 3) Variance 34 E) Selection of Case Studies 34 F) Organization of chapters 35 II The Different Argentinas 38 A) Geographical distribution of socio-economic resources 40 B) Argentina´s redistributive federalism 46 1) Decentralization of political resources 47 2) Redistributive fiscal resources 53 C) The Puzzle of Power Decentralization and Political Underdevelopment 63 1) Persistence of heterogeneity of political development in provinces 65 2) Heteregeneity of political regimes and institutions 67 D) The rising power of Governors 70 E) Conclusion 74 III Subnational Rentier States and Democracy: Looking for Mechanisms 76 A) Explanation of the puzzle: fiscal dependence 77 1) The workings of “The paradox of plenty” 83 2) Comparing attributes: Can natural resources be compared to subnational fiscal rents? 87 B) The perverse mechanisms of the resource “curse” 94 1) The Dutch Disease 94 2) The Rentier State 97 C) Resdistribution of power within provinces. 113 D) Conclusion 119 IV Rentier Provinces in Argentina: the case of San Luis 121 A) San Luis: A “Traditional Province” 122 1) Politics as a family affair: From “el Pampa” to “el 126 Adolfo” B) Return to Democracy 128 1) The 1983 Elections 128 2) The Economic Miracle: Industrial Promotion Law 129 C) Subsidized industrialization as a subtype of fiscal rentierism 134 1) External source 134 2) Not linked to production 135 3) Poor people, Rich State 136 D) The Workings Of A Rentier State 138 1) Weakens institutions 139 2) Weakening citizenship 149 3) White elephants – the GEPU syndrome 156 E) “El Alberto” 160 1) Social Inclusion Plan 162 2) White elephants 166 F) Conclusion 167 V Geography and Democracy 169 A) Regional development in Chubut 171 1) A New Province 171 2) Economic spaces 173 3) Spatial socio-economic differentiation 178 B) Space, identity and politics: tripartite dynamics in Chubut 180 1) Inter-spatial dynamics 183 C) Geography, rentierism and democracy in Chubut since 1983 185 Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 6 1) Regime 187 2) State 190 3) Society 193 D) Geography and Democracy 196 1) Geography and Democracy in other provinces 197 E) Conclusion 205 VI Conclusion 207 Bibliography 214 Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Simplified diagram of causal relationships between the variables 27 Figure 1.2. Geographical competition of space as a causal variable 30 Figure 2.1. Difference in income per capita between poorest and wealthiest regions in selected federal countries (by factors) 41 Figure 2.2. Map of Argentina – grouping provinces per region. 43 Figure 2.3. Fiscal Structure per Level of Government (in percentages) 55 Figure 2.4. Composition of the pool of shared taxes by origin – 2009 (in percentages) 57 Figure 2.5. Subnational fiscal dependence – 2005 (in percentages) 60 Figure 2.6. Fiscal resources by origin: national transfers, individual provincial collection, mineral royalties - 2005 (in percentages) 62 Figure 2.7. National transfers and mineral royalties by population (left) and by gross geographical product (ggp) per capita (right) 63 Figure 2.8. Evolution of the participation in the national economy per regions 1983 – 2005 (in percentages) 66 Figure 2.9. Comparison of Gervasoni´s and Giraudy´s indexes of democracy. 69 Figure 3.1 - Fiscal dependence – 1983 and 1988 (in percentages) 78 Figure 3.2 - Average fiscal dependence per decade (in percentages) 80 Figure 3.3 - Net fiscal transfers per capita 2005. (in pesos) 81 Figure 3.4 - Fiscal rentierism (transfers + royalties /GGP) - 2005 82 Figure 3.5. Mineral royalties as a share of fiscal revenues per decade (in percentages) 93 Figure 3.6. Share of national industrial production by group of provinces (in percentages) 107 Figure 3.7. Diagram with causal mechaninsms of subnational rentierism 117 Figure 4.1: Rural population in San Luis and Argentina (in percentages) 123 Figure 4.2: Population of San Luis as a share of the national (in percentages) 124 Figure 4.3: Electoral results 1983 129 Figure 4.4. Composition of provincial economy by activities (constant 1970 prices) 131 Figure 4.5. Industrial jobs 1983-1994 in San Luis 132 Figure 4.6. Population of San Luis (numbers), as share of Argentina (percentages). 132 Matías F. Bianchi – « The Political Economy of Sub-National Democracy» - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013 8 Figure 4.7.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Latin America Economic Outlook
    Latin America Economic Outlook August 2014 Contents The world and the region: 1 The outlook for the region remains positive Country outlooks: Argentina 2 Challenging scenario in the short-term Brazil 3 Weak economic activity Chile 4 Low growth Colombia 5 On the right track Ecuador 6 Favorable projections Mexico 7 Recovering economy Peru 8 Unrealized potential for growth Venezuela 9 Structural imbalances unaddressed 10 Macroeconomic variables The world and the region The outlook for the region remains positive 1 2 3 Nearly six years removed from the worst Although global markets generally, and of the subprime crisis, the U.S. economy emerging markets in particular, have thus 4 appears to be slowly returning to normal. far been dependent on the steps that the The economy is growing, employment Fed has taken, recent international fears 5 is up (the unemployment rate is falling), concerning adjustments to its monetary people are spending more, and companies policy are perhaps overblown. A change to 6 are doing their part in terms of investing in the policy would be a natural consequence physical and human capital. of an economy that, after the disruptions 7 of 2008, is resuming development under 8 Even if there is a long road ahead before a more normal conditions. And globally, a return to pre-crisis levels, the ground gained return to relative normalcy by the world’s 9 is plainly evident. And so it is no surprise largest economy can never be bad news. that the Federal Reserve is continuing with On the contrary, both the developed world 10 its plan to cut back on special monetary and emerging economies should benefit stimulus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Economy of Argentina's Abandonment
    Going through the labyrinth: the political economy of Argentina’s abandonment of the gold standard (1929-1933) Pablo Gerchunoff and José Luis Machinea ABSTRACT This article is the short but crucial history of four years of transition in a monetary and exchange-rate regime that culminated in 1933 with the final abandonment of the gold standard in Argentina. That process involved decisions made at critical junctures at which the government authorities had little time to deliberate and against which they had no analytical arsenal, no technical certainties and few political convictions. The objective of this study is to analyse those “decisions” at seven milestone moments, from the external shock of 1929 to the submission to Congress of a bill for the creation of the central bank and a currency control regime characterized by multiple exchange rates. The new regime that this reordering of the Argentine economy implied would remain in place, in one form or another, for at least a quarter of a century. KEYWORDS Monetary policy, gold standard, economic history, Argentina JEL CLASSIFICATION E42, F4, N1 AUTHORS Pablo Gerchunoff is a professor at the Department of History, Torcuato Di Tella University, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] José Luis Machinea is a professor at the Department of Economics, Torcuato Di Tella University, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] 104 CEPAL REVIEW 117 • DECEMBER 2015 I Introduction This is not a comprehensive history of the 1930s —of and, if they are, they might well be convinced that the economic policy regarding State functions and the entrance is the exit: in other words, that the way out is production apparatus— or of the resulting structural to return to the gold standard.
    [Show full text]
  • The Erosion of Checks and Balances in Argentina
    Electoral Fraud, the Rise of Peron and Demise of Checks and Balances in Argentina Lee J. Alston Andrés A. Gallo Professor of Economics Department of Economics Director, Program on Environment and Society University of North Florida University of Colorado Coggin College of Business, Room 3404 Research Associate, NBER e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] April 2007 For comments and support on earlier drafts we thank A. Leticia Arroyo-Abad, Blanca Sánchez-Alonso, Vanessa Baird, Dan Bogart, Michael Bordo, John Drobak, Bertrand Du Marais, Alan Dye, Samuel Fitch, Wolfgang Keller, John Londregan, Gary Libecap, Joseph Love, Geraldo Munck, Larry Neal, Douglass North, Leandro de la Escosura Prados, Sebastian Saeigh, Mary Shirley, Carol Shiue, Pablo Spiller, Sven Steinmo, Thomas Ulen, Werner Baer and seminar participants at the University of California, University of Colorado, University of Illinois, University of Paris X, and the NBER. We also received valuable feedback from participants at the 2004 meetings of the New Institutional Economics. 2 Electoral Fraud, the Rise of Peron and Demise of Checks and Balances in Argentina Abstract The future looked bright for Argentina in the early twentieth century. It achieved high levels of income per capita and was moving away from authoritarian government, towards a true democracy, with a system of checks and balances. Unfortunately, Argentina never finished the transition. The turning point away from the road towards checks and balances occurred in the 1930s. To stay in power in the 1930s, the Conservatives in the Pampas resorted to electoral fraud, which neither the legislative, executive, or judicial branches checked.
    [Show full text]
  • St Antony's/Macmillan Series
    ST ANTONY'S/MACMILLAN SERIES General editors: Archie Brown (1978-85) and Rosemary Thorp (1985- ), both Fellows of St Antony's College, Oxford Roy Allison FINLAND'S RELATIONS WITH THE SOVIET UNION, 1944-84 Said Amir Arjomand (editor) FROM NATIONALISM TO REVOLUTIONARY ISLAM Anders Åslund PRIVATE ENTERPRISE IN EASTERN EUROPE Orner Bartov THE EASTERN FRONT, 1941-45, GERMAN TROOPS AND THE BARBARISATION OF WARFARE Gail Lee Bernstein and Haruhiro Fukui (editors) JAPAN AND THE WORLD Archie Brown (editor) POLITICAL CULTURE AND COMMUNIST STUDIES Archie Brown (editor) POLITICAL LEADERSHIP AND THE SOVIET UNION Archie Brown and Michael Kaser (editors) SOVIET POLICY FOR THE 1980s S. B. Burman CHIEFDOM POLITICS AND ALIEN LAW Helen Callaway GENDER, CULTURE AND EMPIRE Renfrew Christie ELECTRICITY, INDUSTRY AND CLASS IN SOUTH AFRICA Robert O. Collins and FrancisM. Deng (editors) THE BRITISH IN THE SUDAN, 1898-1956 Roger Couter (editor) STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE Maria D'Alva G. Kinzo LEGAL OPPOSITION POLITICS UNDER AUTHORITARIAN RULE IN BRAZIL Wilhelm Deist THE WEHRMACHT AND GERMAN REARMAMENT Robert Desjardins THE SOVIET UNION THROUGH FRENCH EYES, 1945-85 Guido di Tella ARGENTINA UNDER PERÓN, 1973-76 Guido di Tella and Rudiger Dornbusch (editors) THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ARGENTINA, 1946-83 Guido di Tella and D. C. M. Platt (editors) THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ARGENTINA, 1880-1946 Simon Duke US DEFENCE BASES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM Julius A. Elias PLATO'S DEFENCE OF POETRY Ricardo Ffrench-Davis and Ernesto Tironi (editors) LATIN AMERICA AND THE NEW INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ORDER David Footman ANTONIN BESSE OF ADEN Bohdan Harasymiw POLITICAL ELITE RECRUITMENT IN THE SOVIET UNION Neil Harding (editor) THE STATE IN SOCIALIST SOCIETY Richard Holt SPORT AND SOCIETY IN MODERN FRANCE Albert Hourani EUROPE AND THE MIDDLE EAST Albert Hourani THE EMERGENCE OF THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Fall of Argentina
    Spruk Lat Am Econ Rev (2019) 28:16 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40503-019-0076-2 Latin American Economic Review RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The rise and fall of Argentina Rok Spruk* *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract School of Economics I examine the contribution of institutional breakdowns to long-run development, and Business, University of Ljubljana, Kardeljeva drawing on Argentina’s unique departure from a rich country on the eve of World ploscad 27, 1000 Ljubljana, War I to an underdeveloped one today. The empirical strategy is based on building Slovenia a counterfactual scenario to examine the path of Argentina’s long-run development in the absence of breakdowns, assuming it would follow the institutional trends in countries at parallel stages of development. Drawing on Argentina’s large historical bibliography, I have identifed the institutional breakdowns and coded for the period 1850–2012. The synthetic control and diference-in-diferences estimates here suggest that, in the absence of institutional breakdowns, Argentina would largely have avoided the decline and joined the ranks of rich countries with an income level similar to that of New Zealand. Keywords: Long-run development, New institutional economics, Political economy, Argentina, Applied econometrics JEL Classifcation: C23, K16, N16, N46, O43, O47 1 Introduction On the eve of World War I, the future of Argentina looked bright. Since its promulga- tion of the 1853 Constitution, Argentina had experienced strong economic growth and institutional modernization, which had propelled it into the ranks of the 10 wealthi- est countries in the world by 1913. In the aftermath of the war, Argentina’s income per capita fell from a level approximating that of Switzerland to its current middle-income country status.
    [Show full text]
  • Plan Estratégico De Infraestructura De Chubut
    ENERGÍA EÓLICA Parque eólico en operación Parque eólico en construcción Parque eólico adjudicado por GENREN Alto Río Gastre sin fecha de inicioo Chubut Gan Gan Parque eólico en vías de desarrollo Gualjaina Res. SEo Puerto El Escorial La Escondida Esquel Dique las Madryn Parque eólico fuera de servicio Complejo Hidroeléctrico Piedras Futaleufú Rawson Corintos Trelew GAS Planta de distribución de gas La Helena Dique Florentino licuado vaporizado Paso de Indios Ameghino Planta fuera de funcionamiento Transporte y distribución de gas ENERGÍA HÍDRICA Garayalde Camarones Obras Existentes Minicentral Pampa de Obras proyectadassdeseadas de PLAN ESTRATÉGICOLago Fontana DE INFRAESTRUCTURAMalaspina Regulación y Generación Musters Pampa del Castillo Sarmiento Comodoro TRANSPA SA Río Mayo Rivadavia Cerro Dragón P.E Antonio El Tordillo Diadema Morán CR Los Monos CHUBUTP.E Rada Tilly VERSIÓN PRELIMINAR FEBRERO 2017 Esta publicación es resultado de los trabajos realizados para el Plan Estratégico de Infraestructura de Chubut-financiado por CAF, Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina- en el marco del Programa de For- talecimiento Institucional de la Subsecretaría de Planificación Territorial de la Inversión Pública. AUTORIDADES NACIONALES Presidente Ing. Mauricio Macri Vicepresidente Lic. Gabriela Michetti Jefe de Gabinete de Ministros Lic. Marcos Peña Ministro del Interior, Obras Públicas y Vivienda Lic. Rogelio Frigerio Subsecretario de Planificación Territorial de la Inversión Pública Lic. Fernando Álvarez De Celis Director Nacional de Planificación Estratégica Territorial Lic. Julián Álvarez Insúa Director Nacional de Planificación de la Integración Territorial Internacional Arq. Atilio Alimena AUTORIDADES PROVINCIALES Gobernador de la Provincia de Chubut Mario Das Neves Vicegobernador Mariano Arcioni Ministro de Coordinación de Gabinete Victor Cisterna Ministro de infraestructura, Planeamiento y Servicios Públicos Ing.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Economic Relations with Argentina and Brazil,1947-1960. Louis J
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1963 A Comparison: United States Economic Relations With Argentina and Brazil,1947-1960. Louis J. Rodriguez Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Rodriguez, Louis J., "A Comparison: United States Economic Relations With Argentina and Brazil,1947-1960." (1963). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 854. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/854 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—157 microfilmed exactly as received RODRIGUEZ, Louis J., 1933- A COMPARISON: UNITED STATES ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL, 1947-1960. Louisiana State University, Ph.D, 1963 Economics, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan A COMPARISON: UNITED STATES ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL, 1947-1960 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Economics by Louis J. Rodriguez B.A., Rutgers University, 1955 M.A., Louisiana State University, 1957 Juns, 1963 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The writer wishes to thank Dr. L. M. Schur, the Chairman of this Dissertation Committee, for his interest, vital suggestions and cooperation; Dr. P. F. Boyer, Dr. R. A. Flamang, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cases of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Peru
    Intraregional trade in South America, 1912-50: The cases of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Peru. Anna Carreras-Marín Department of Economic History, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Edifici Principal, Torre 2 - 4a planta; Av. Diagonal, 690 - 08034 Barcelona; Tel: (+34) 934 021 929; Fax: (+34) 934 024 594; Email: [email protected] Antoni de Campany Centre of Economy and Economic History Xarxa de Referència en Economia i Polítiques Públiques Marc Badia-Miró Department of Economic History, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Antoni de Campany Centre of Economy and Economic History Xarxa de Referència en Economia i Polítiques Públiques José Peres-Cajías Department of Economic History, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Antoni de Campany Centre of Economy and Economic History Xarxa de Referència en Economia i Polítiques Públiques Intraregional trade in South America, 1912-50: The cases of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Peru1 The aim of this paper is to analyze if the general context of world trade disruption, protectionist policies and industrial growth, which featured Latin American Economic History from 1912 to 1950, permitted to increase intraregional trade between South American countries. The paper proves that intraregional trade during the years of world wars and the Great Depression achieved some of the highest levels verified throughout the entire 20th century, but tended to lost ground after these episodes. It also proves that –with the exception of some Brazilian exports- most of intraregional trade presented the same features than global trade: a high concentration on few products of very low value-added. The paper suggests that beyond the rhetoric of regional integration and the signature of different trade agreements, these features persisted from the 1950s to the late 1980s.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of the Constitutional Basis of the United States and Argentine Political Systems
    COMPARISON OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS OF THE UNITED STATES AND ARGENTINE POLITICAL SYSTEMS By SEGUNDO V. LINARES QUINTANA t While the following article was in the process of publication, a Constitutional Convention of 169 members adopted a new Constitu- tion for the Argentine Republic; however, the significant changes effected by this new Constitution indicate that the problems raised herein are still germane. This new Constitution is made up of 103 Articles and one Tem- porary Article, as compared with the 110 Articles of the old Consti- tution. It shows a decided tendency to recognize the advancement of the social and economic rights of all the people, as indicated by the Articles concerning the rights of workmen and the family, of educa- tion and culture for all, and the determination of the social functions of property. Among the most significant changes are the provisions permitting the re-election of the President and Vice-President for more than one term of six years, and for the election of Senators and Depu- ties for terms of six years. Another major innovation of particular interest is the provision extending Argentine citizenship automatically to all foreigners who have resided in Argentina five years unless the foreigner signifies in writing his intention not to become a citizen. The whole spirit of this new Constitution is presumably expressed in the amendment to the Preamble, which adds, after setting forth the purposes of "confirming justice, consolidating domestic peace, pro- viding for the common defense, promoting the general welfare . .," the language: ". ratifying the inexorable decision to constitute a nation, socially just, economically free and politically sover- eign.
    [Show full text]
  • HISTORIA SOCIAL DA ARGENTINA 08 05 V.9.Indd
    Relações coleção coleção Internacionais História social da Argentina contemporânea MINISTÉRIO DAS RELAÇÕES EXTERIORES Ministro de Estado Aloysio Nunes Ferreira Secretário ‑Geral Embaixador Marcos Bezerra Abbott Galvão FUNDAÇÃO ALEXANDRE DE GUSMÃO Presidente Embaixador Sérgio Eduardo Moreira Lima Instituto de Pesquisa de Relações Internacionais Diretor Ministro Paulo Roberto de Almeida Centro de História e Documentação Diplomática Diretor Embaixador Gelson Fonseca Junior Conselho Editorial da Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão Presidente Embaixador Sérgio Eduardo Moreira Lima Membros Embaixador Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg Embaixador Jorio Dauster Magalhães Embaixador Gelson Fonseca Junior Embaixador José Estanislau do Amaral Souza Embaixador Eduardo Paes Saboia Ministro Paulo Roberto de Almeida Ministro Paulo Elias Martins de Moraes Professor Francisco Fernando Monteoliva Doratioto Professor José Flávio Sombra Saraiva Professor Eiiti Sato A Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão, instituída em 1971, é uma fundação pública vinculada ao Ministério das Relações Exteriores e tem a finalidade de levar à sociedade civil informações sobre a realidade internacional e sobre aspectos da pauta diplomática brasileira. Sua missão é promover a sensibilização da opinião pública para os temas de relações internacionais e para a política externa brasileira. Torcuato S. Di Tella História social da Argentina contemporânea 2ª Edição revisada Brasília – 2017 Direitos de publicação reservados à Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão Ministério das Relações Exteriores Esplanada dos Ministérios, Bloco H Anexo II, Térreo 70170 ‑900 Brasília–DF Telefones: (61) 2030‑6033/6034 Fax: (61) 2030 ‑9125 Site: www.funag.gov.br E ‑mail: [email protected] Equipe Técnica: Eliane Miranda Paiva André Luiz Ventura Ferreira Fernanda Antunes Siqueira Gabriela Del Rio de Rezende Luiz Antônio Gusmão Título original: Historia social de la Argentina contemporánea.
    [Show full text]
  • Presidents Versus Federalism in the National Legislative Process
    Presidents versus Federalism in the National Legislative Process The Argentine Senate in Comparative Perspective Hirokazu Kikuchi IDE-JETRO Series Te Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization (IDE-JETRO) series explores the economic issues faced in developing regions globally, providing new research and analysis of these economies, with the aim of creating a more comprehensive understanding of the issues and conditions they are experiencing. With a wide range of volumes cover- ing key economic issues in developing economies, as well as examining the challenges faced as East Asia continues to integrate, the titles in this series are essential companions for academics and policymakers interested in cut- ting-edge research and analysis of developing economies. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14861 Hirokazu Kikuchi Presidents versus Federalism in the National Legislative Process The Argentine Senate in Comparative Perspective Hirokazu Kikuchi Institute of Developing Economies Japan External Trade Organization Chiba, Japan IDE-JETRO Series ISBN 978-3-319-90112-1 ISBN 978-3-319-90113-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90113-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018942211 © Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2018 Tis work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Argentina – China
    E3S Web of Conferences 295, 01061 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129501061 WFSDI 2021 Argentina – China. Sustainable development for a better future Artem Samorodov* MGIMO University, School of Governance and Politics, 119454 Moscow, Russia Abstract. Argentina is considered one of the fastest developing countries in Latin America. However, since 2015, the country has been trying to get out of the economic crisis, which has significantly worsened by 2019. Meanwhile China’s relations with geographically and culturally distant continents, such as Latin America, are widely seen as a part of Chinese government’s drive to establish itself as a global leader, as well as to secure new markets and resources for its sustainable growth. Even the distance between regions is not a significant obstacle to the sustainable development of relations. This article will discuss the relations between the People’s Republic of China and the Argentine Republic. The author focuses on the economic, investment and energy aspects of sustainable development of bilateral relations. The objective was to establish the format of bilateral relations between Argentina and China starting in 2015 and ending in 2020. It can be concluded that the relations between Argentina and China are a dynamically developing example of mutually beneficial sustainable development of the two countries and such relations can be used by Argentina in order to overcome the crisis and for further prosperity of this beautiful country. 1 Introduction The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the growing influence of China both in the world in general and in the Latin American region in particular.
    [Show full text]