ESR-Rehabilitation of Kodikamumum - Point Pedro Road (AB31), Jaffna
Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP)
Environmental Screening Report for Improvements to Puloly - Kodikamam road section of Puloly – Kodikamam,KachchaiRoad (AB31)
March 2016
Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP) Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development Page 1 ESR-Rehabilitation of Kodikamumum - Point Pedro Road (AB31), Jaffna
Table of Contents 1. Project Identification 03 2. Project Location 03 3. Project Justification 03 4. Project Description 05 5. Description of the Existing Environment 10 6. Public Consultation 10 7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures 14 7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts 14 7b. Environmental Management Plan 18 8. Cost of Mitigation 43 9. Conclusion and Screening Decision 43 10. EMP implementation responsibilities and costs 45 11. Screening Decision Recommendation 45 12. Details of Persons Responsible for the Environmental Screening 46
Annexes Annex 1: Project Location Map Annex 2: Physiographic Locations of Jaffna Peninsula Annex 3: Geology and Soil Map of the Project Area Annex 4: Map of wetlands in Jaffna Peninsula Annex 5: Geology and conditions of ground water in Jaffna Peninsula Annex 6: Design Layouts Annex 7: Summary of Procedures to obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation Annex 8: Summary of Procedures to obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation Annex 9: Burrow Pit Management Guidelines Annex10: Chance Find Procedures Annex 11: Environmental Pollution Control Standards Annex 12: Factory Ordinance and ILO Guidelines Annex 13: Waste Disposal Guidelines Annex 14: Terms of Reference for Recruitment of Safeguard Officer
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Strategic Cities Development Project Environmental Screening Report
1. Project Identification
Project title Improvements to Puloly - Kodikamam road section of Puloly – Kodikamam, Kachchai Road ( AB31), Strategic Cities Development Project
Project Proponent Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development
2. Project Location
Location AB 31 road is located in Jaffna District and it starts from Kodikamum (relative to the nearest town, Junction of the A9 road and travels through 3 Divisional Secretariat highway) Divisions namely Chavakachcheri, Karaveddy and Point Pedro providing services to 13 GramaNiladhari Divisions, up to the Manthikai Junction of Jaffna Point Pedro Road.
Definition of Project Area Starting from Kodikamum Junction of the Kandy – Jaffna Road (A9 Road) (The geographical extent of the up to Manthaikai Junction along Jaffna Point Pedro Road (14.2 km) (Ch. project & areas affected 0+000 ~ 14+220 km) is proposed for rehabilitation under SCDP Jaffna city during construction) region interventions. The areas affected due to proposed road rehabilitation will be mainly confined to the existing road corridor including the carriageway, shoulders/ walkways/ embankments and the road reservation, thus some minor acquisitions beyond the existing road reservation may be needed.(Location Map is Annex as 1) Adjacent land and features Land use features of this road segment can be categorized into following four distinct characteristics; . Residential-type home gardens. . Wetland and agricultural lands (Paddy, Onion, tobacco etc.) . Concentration of commercial establishments at major junctions and small townships (Kodikamum Junction, Manthai)
3. Project Justification
Need for the project Kodikamum is one of the small townships located along theA9 road at (What problem is the project Chawakachcheri Divisional Secretariat and the AB 31 is the road going to solve) connecting Kodikamum and Point Pedro. The road identified for rehabilitation is a link road connecting the Manthaikai Junction where the wholesale market place is located. Since the predominant economic activity of this area is agriculture and the provision of infrastructure facilities for transportation of local agricultural products to the market place is important. Investment on the road
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rehabilitation has a direct impact to the local economic development. Point Pedro is the north most point and one of the tourists attractivearea of the island. Thisroad link is strategically important to reach Point Pedro without entering Jaffna city andavoid traffic during peak hours. The areas affected during construction phase due to proposed road improvements and other project activities will be confined to the improvements of existing road into two lane of 3.2 m wide and 0.6m hard shoulder and 0.6 m soft shoulder. (All together 4.4m from centre line).Additionally the physical development is limited to construction of walkways/ embankments, culverts and shifting of other utilities(electricity & Telecommunication poles and water supply lines etc.) as specified in the plan. Purpose of the project Even though the traffic congestionis relatively a lesser problem in Jaffna compared to the other cities in Sri Lanka and effective capacity of most of (what is going to be achieved the road links in Jaffna peninsula are significantly lower than ideal by carrying out the project) situationsto match with the future demands. Such poor conditions are due to the inadequate shoulder/walkway widths, narrow lane widths of most of these link roads. Thus it is observable that most of the roads in the Jaffna peninsula have to be re-visited to accommodate the requirement of different road users and with proper intersection control, channelization etc. to provide a catalyst for accelerating development currently constrained due to a long period of conflict. It also has potential for directing development to the most efficient locations and thus developing efficient linkages for both passenger and goods movement both within the region as well as outside to make it more sustainable.
The Kodikamam to Point Pedro section of Puloly – Kodikamam – Kachchai (Point Pedro) road is AB class roadwhich is heavily used by traffic travelling to north most parts of the Jaffna peninsula. The surface of this road is relatively poor in condition at present. Structural and surface improvement of the AB31 road is having a remarkable potential would lead to improved speed and would reduce journey times by at least 10 minutes per journey, while also reducing vehicle wear-and-tear and making passenger journeys more comfortable. Additionally smooth flow of traffic, especially heavy vehicles and improve access from Point Pedro and surrounding areas to the A9, thereby improving accessibility and lowering costs for fishery and other products. It also improving access to the bus stand and railway station at Kodikamam. The road improvement would have little impact on dwellings or other activities, and is deemed to have high potential for quick development.
The road passes through wetlands and paddy fields where embankment protection is needed to avoid damages due to embankment failure. Shoulders and walkways need to be constructed along almost the entire stretch. Roadside storm water drains are to be provided where necessary to facilitate fast drainage. Alternatives considered No other alternative is considered for this particular project since this road (different ways to meet the section is the only link road available for rehabilitation connecting the two project need and achieve the small townships. project purpose)
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4. Project Description
Proposed start date April 2017
Proposed completion date April2018
Estimated total cost 1250 Mn SLR
Present land ownership Road Development Authority (RDA)
Description of the project
This road is proposed to be developed as the main access route to Point Pedro, and once developed the vehicles can move from Kodikamumum without passing through Jaffna. This road is owned by Road Development Authority (RDA). The total length of AB 31 from Puloli (Manthai) Kodikamum (Ch. 0+000 to 14+220) is 14.2 km. This road section is to be developed to a 2 traffic lane of 3.2 m wide and 0.6mhard shoulder and 0.6 m soft shoulder. The pavement structure will be strengthened to suit the loads and traffic forecasted.Horizontal alignment & vertical profile have been selected in such a way that they satisfy design criteria,hydraulic requirement and minimize land acquisition.
Traffic Forecast History Traffic Data was obtained from Planning Division, Road Development Authority and the current traffic data was obtained through traffic counts. Pavement Design Asphalt Concrete surface with Dense Graded Aggregate Base will beused based on the subgrade CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value and Traffic class. The pavement thickness was designed to the traffic
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forecasted for 15 years. To make economical pavement design total pavement layers are applied in two stages. The first layer of 60mm asphalt concrete will be applied at the initial construction Materials and Method of Construction Material and method of construction has to be selected according to the references given as follows. 1.1.1 Reference for Materials and Method of Construction Materials Reference Vol-3- Cl:304 and Table 1708-1 of Technical Specification – Special Provisions Embankment Type I and Appendix to Special Provisions of (TS-SP) Vol-3- Cl:304 and Table 1708-1 of Technical Specification – Special Provisions Embankment Type II and Appendix to Special Provisions of (TS-SP) Vol-3- Cl:401.2 and Table 1708.2 , 1708.3 of Technical Specification – Special Sub Base Provisions and Appendix to Special Provisions of (TS-SP) Vol-3- Cl:405 and Sub Cl 1701.3 (Base course Aggregates) & Table 1701-5 of Dense Graded Technical Spec. - Special Provisions & Appendix of (TS-SP) Aggregate Base Vol-3- Cl:506 of Technical Specification – Special Provisions and Appendix to Asphalt Concrete Special Provisions of (TS-SP) Vol-3-Cl-409.2 of SSCM Shoulders
Drainage The design of the road has been done with the provision of adequate drainage of the road surface by shaping the carriageway with a camber or a cross-slope to avoid surface ponding and subsequent damage to grade/sub-base and embankment while ensuring safe motorable conditions without the risk of aquaplaning/ hydroplaning at standard vehicular speeds. Improvements to the existing drainage facilities are required to establish an efficient system of drainage throughout this road stretch by way of, side drains and cross drains, catch drains in embankment slopes, cross drainage structures (culverts and bridges), lead-away drains, etc., to collect storm water runoff and safely discharge them to the nearest natural water course with no or minimal impact to the existing environment.
A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) will be established to implement the proposed development activities in Jaffna under the Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP)of the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development (MM&WD) Project Management The Project Management Unit of SCDP will operate under the oversight of a Steering Team Committee, chaired by MM&WD’sProject Director and composed RDA, UDA, District Secretariat Jaffna, Jaffna Municipal council (JMC) and other agencies will be identified as stand-by members. Contact Persons: Mr. AnuraDassanayake, Project Director, Strategic Cities Development Project of Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development
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Tel: 0112 887320 Email:[email protected]
Mrs. GangadariRanawaka, Deputy Project Director(Environment), Strategic Cities Development Project of Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development Tel.: 011 2866445 E-mail: [email protected]
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5. Description of the existing environment
5.1 Physical features – Ecosystem components The Jaffna Peninsula is situated in the North most coastal plains of the island Topography and 0 terrain where most of the land is flat and geographically laid between longitude 79 54’ to 800 2’ E and Latitude 90 30’ to 90 50’ N with an area of approximately 1,129.9 km2of which lagoonsoccupy 45.7 km2.The topography of the area is low and flat and the lowest ground level of the project area is around 0.8m Above Mean Sea Level (AMSL) andhighest ground level is about 8m. The project area lies in the
lowest peneplain, which is a gently undulating torolling, mantled plain stretching down to the coast. The highest ground level is 11 m above meansea level (AMSL). The land forms include floodplains, coastal plains, sand dunes and beaches.The Jaffna Peninsula consists of coastal plain type II and limestone plateau physiographic regions. (Physiographic regions annexed as 2). Soil (type and The soil and water resource of the Jaffna Peninsula are both related to the lime quality) stone geology of the land. The soils are formed on the marine deposits and sediments under the influence of sea waves and winds on lime stones.Tile lime stone being a porous rock is the source of groundwater for the Peninsula.Well drained and high productive calcic Red Yellow latasol andRed Yellow latasol soil types are found in central areas (60,000Ha). Alkaline saline soil and Regasol are found in coastal areas (26000Ha) and Alluvial soil is inValukaiAru area (10000Ha). In certain areas coral lime stone is available. This different soil types offer scope for cultivation of exotic as well as local crops.Tile depth of soil varies from 90cm- 150cm. (Geology and Soil map annexed as 3)
Surface water In Jaffna, traditionally, surface water has been regarded as “dirty” and groundwater as “purified”, and surface water is collected and conserved only as a (sources, distance means of infiltrating as much water as possible into the ground. Surface water in from the site, local ponds is not considered acceptable to the Jaffna population as a source of uses and quality) drinking water because it is used for bathing and washing clothes, watering livestock, etc., and is frequently polluted from catchment areas. Dug wells in close proximity to the ponds are however accepted as sources for drinking water. Ponds hold in storage part of the water that would have escaped to the sea.
The Jaffna Lagoon is a semi enclosed waterbody connected to the Palk Bay. It is 45,000 ha in area. It is surrounded by a dry zone land mass and due to being greatly influenced by freshwater input, has different physical conditions to that of the larger Palk Bay. The lagoon contains a number of coastal wetland habitats and is an important breeding area for numerous marine species. Jaffna Lagoon has been identified as an IBA by Birdlife International.
The lagoon is relatively shallow with the maximum depth being less than 3m. The shoreline is composed mostly of sandy soil while the bottom is mostly mud. The salinity in the lagoon is greatly influenced by rainfall and freshwater run-off from surrounding areas, and varies from a low around 10.3 ppt during the rainy season to a high of around 45.49 ppt during the dry season. The lagoon is located in the dry semi-arid zone with an average temperature of around 270C and an annual rainfall between 500-700 m. Thesetake the outflow from roadside drains in to the ponds but not in good condition. The water flowing in these canals are polluted with wastewater, solid and liquid waste coming in from the small city centres and residential areas along the road trace. (Map of wetlands of Jaffna peninsula annexed as 4)
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Groundwater Jaffna peninsula has a source of Ground Water store in the subterrain layer of (sources, distance limestone.The limestone is the main aquifer. This aquifer has several isolated from the site, local caves and caveins capable of storing ground water without evaporation losses. It uses and quality) is anexcellent aquifer. The entire ground water is generated from percolated rainfall and it forms a freshwater lens beneath the peninsula. It is found that the fresh water lens do not extend below the base of the lime stone. The fresh water lens is sustained by the buoyancy of fresh water in relation to sea water. Difference in density, (1.0, 1.025) giving a ratio of 40:1. That is every meter of fresh water above the sea level requires a depth of fresh water lens of 40m when no mixing between fresh and seawater takes place.There is no sharp interface between fresh and seawater (Sketch of Geology and condition of groundwater in the Jaffna Peninsula annexed as 5).
Flooding Low line areas of Jaffna peninsula is most vulnerable for flooding and most likely to occur in the months ofMay in the first cycle and in December in thesecond cycle. Jaffna is one of the most frequent districts for flood with respect to spatial distribution of floods in the country (Flood distribution Map annexed as 6). Along the selected road stretch several locations experienced frequent flood specially in Ch. 13+380, 13+520 and 6+960
Landslide Prone There are no landslides prone areas in this area ofconcerned. Areas
Air quality Air quality monitoring carried out at previous development project sites have shown that the one hour average for all the parameters is well below the National (any pollution Ambient Air quality Standards. These parameters included Particulate Matter of issues) less than 10 µm in diameter (PM10) Particulate Matter of less than 2.5 µm in
diameter PM2.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen
Dioxide (NO2) and Ozone (O3) and their concentrations were very low. The
major contributor to pollutants of CO, SO2 and NO2 are the mobile sources. Considering the project area, where no highly polluting industries exist and the number of vehicles is much less than in other areas, except in Jaffna town, the ambient air quality is expected to be within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Moreover, with most of the project area being coastal, the potential to attenuate any air pollutants is very high due to wind movement between the land and the sea. Annexure 7 describe the air quality levels within JMC area. This includes measured baseline ambient air quality levels. The measured baseline ambient air quality levels at the selected locations were well below the Ambient Air Quality Standards as stipulated by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Sri Lanka (Extraordinary Gazette, No. 1562/22, August 15, 2008).
Noise level and This is a common phenomenon in most of the cities and along the roads, and vibration Jaffna is no exception. The blaring of horns and noise from loudspeakers in (Any anticipated music centres is quite disturbing. In general, the air and noise pollution problem issues) is aggravated due to the narrow thoroughfares, in the small townships along the road.
5.2 Ecological features – Eco-system components
Vegetation The main land use types found along the road trace are commercial establishments, public building such as schools, offices, religious places etc., (trees, ground cover, scrublands, home gardens, abandoned lands, marshy lands including freshwater aquatic vegetation) marshes salt marshy lands, mud flats, water holes, ponds, canalsabandoned and
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cultivated seasonal / perennial crop lands.
Most of the scrublands observed in the project area are essentially in a state of accelerated flux that develops in places where land has been abandoned after human use or due to excessive degradation of forest. Scrublands/ Grassland habitat types are characterized by having a single stratum of shrubs (2-4 m in height) forming dense thickets. The dominant species recorded in this habitat includes Cynodondactylon, Cressacretica, Blumeaobliqua, Cyperusstoloniferus, Phyla nodiflora (Hiramanadetta), Carissa spinarum (HeenKaramba), Phoenix pusilla (Indi), Vernoniazeylanica (Pupula), Maytenusemarginata, Diospyrosferrea, Euphorbia antiquorum (Daluk), Flueggealeucopyrus (Katupila), Jatropha gossypiifolia, Cassia auriculata (Ranawara), Dichrostachyscinerea (Andara), Cassythafiliformis, Azadirachtaindica (Kohomba), Syzygiumcumini (Madan), Scutiamyrtina, Ziziphusmauritiana (Dembara), Ziziphusoenoplia (HeenEraminiya), Canthiumcoromandelicum (Kara), Catunaregamspinosa (Kukurumanna), Ixorapavetta (MahaRatambala), Morindacoreia (Ahu), Toddaliaasiatica (Kudumiris), Azimatetracantha, Gmelinaasiatica (Demata), Lantana camara (Gandapana) and Cissusquadrangularis(Heressa). Water holes, ponds, freshwater marshes and canals are the habitats that are mainly dependent on rain water. As they have a lower capacity these water bodies become completely or partially dry during the dryer season that prevails in the area from April to September. As these are fairly shallow water bodies, rooted aquatic vegetation such as Nymphaea pubescens(Olu), Nelumbonucifera(Nelum), Nymphoideshydrophylla(Kumudu), Bacopamonnieri, Fimbristylisspp., Cyperusspp., Hygrophilaschulli(Niramulliya), Panicumrepens(Etora), Clerodendruminerme(Burenda), Typhaangustifolia(Hambupan), Tamarixindica(Kiri) and Premnaobtusifolia(Maha Midi) establish easily in and along the banks of these water bodies. As these water bodies dry up, the exposed areas become covered with grass. These seasonal water bodies functions as important biological repositories. In lagoon areas and ponds during the dry periods exposed mudflats can be seen. These are colonized by salt loving herb species such as Cynodondactylon, Cressacretica, Blumeaobliqua, Atriplexrepens, Fimbristylisspp. AndCyperusstoloniferus. Homegarden habitat type in Jaffna is agroforestry based land-use systems where multipurpose trees and shrubs are found in close association with perennial or annual agricultural plants near human dwellings. Home gardens are characterized by multi-storied structureswith mixed but compatible species. such as Cocos nucifera (Pol), Borassusflabellifer(Tal), Areca catechu(Puwak), Mangiferaindica(Amba), Phyllanthusemblica (Nelli), Gliricidiasepium(Weta Mara), Tamarindusindica (Siyambala), Thespesiapopulnea (Suriya), Azadirachtaindica (Kohomba), Moringaoleifer (Murunga), Musa x paradisiaca (Kesel) and Commiphoraberryi. Seasonal crop cultivated land use type is observed commonly in urbanized stretches where a variety of seasonal crop plants such as Nicotianatabacum (Tobacco), Musa x paradisiaca (Kesel), Vitisvinifera(Midi), Carica papaya (Gas Labu), Manihotesculentaenta (Manioc) Zea mays (BadaIringu) and vegetables like vegetables like vegetables like vegetables like vegetables like vegetables like Abelmoschusesculentus (Bandakka), Vignaunguiculata (Me Karal), Momordicacharantia (Karawila), Cucurbita maxima (Wattakka), Beta vulgaris
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(BeetRoot), Capsicum annuum (Miris), Lycopersicones culentum (Takkali),Allium cepa (Lunu) and Allium ampeloprasum (Leeks) are grown. In many places cultivated lands contain a mixed vegetation except in paddy fields where Oryza sativa (Paddy) is grown as a monoculture. Perineal crop cultivated land is another common land use type observed alone the trace. Such perineal plantations are comprised of either Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra) or Cocos Cocos nucifera (Coconut) or a mixture of the two.
Presence of wetlands The main wetland habitats that could be found along the road stretch where the Thondaimanaaru and UppuAaru Salt water lagoons (Ch 2+800 to 5+ 600 ) and mostly cultivated and abandoned paddy lands (Ch. 0+100 to 2+ 500)
Fish and fish Fish and fish habitats are present in the lagoon and the ponds which at certain habitats locations flow close to the road. However, fish sampling was not deemed necessary and hence not carried out during the rapid environmental screening study.
Birds(waterfowl, This area is also the primary habitat for a variety of avifaunal speciesincluding migratory birds, indigenous, endemic and migrant categories due to presence of wetland. others)
Butterflies According to the butterfly fauna observed along the trace envisage that a rich butterfly assemblage as nearly 20% of the butterflyfauna of Sri Lanka was recorded in the region including three out of five species that are restricted to the northern region of Sri Lanka. Most common species encountered in the field observations were Castaliusrosimon (Common Pierrot), Chiladeslajus (Lime Blue), Leptotesplinius (Zebra Blue), Prosotasnora (Common line blue), and Rathindaamor(Monkey-puzzle)
Other features
Residential/Sensitive Some of the places along the road stretch can be categorized as most sensitive Areas due to presence of School (Ch. 0+200 and Ch. 10+360) and Hindu Temples(Ch. (Eg, Hospitals, 10+700 Ch. 12+740) and residential units. Schools)
Traditional Traditional home gardens have been observed in many locations along the road economic and trace. Most of the traditional paddy fields have been cultivated. Some of the cultural activities Palmyra trees which used for toddy tapping along the road stretch were observed.
Archaeological No any recorded Archaeological sites alongthe road stretch. resources (recorded or potential to exist) 6. Public Consultation
Public consulted Consultation Date Details/Issues raised method 1. Mr. Chandran As a resident and businessmen of the area very Mohan, Owner Interview 03/02/2016 much like the improvement and suggested a Kanakai Service culvert to direct the surface drain water to the Centre, Point Pedro pond at Ch. 13+080 Road, Koddikamum
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2. Mr. GunarathnamKuparv Interview 03/02/2016 This improvement is currently required by the an, Point Pedro Road, people and willing to give their land if it is needed Koddikamum for the road widening. 3. Mrs. Mahendran Interview 03/02/2016 The proposed improvements were required by the Krishnam, Shop people from long time and thus willing to give Owner, Point Pedro required land for the project. Road, Koddikamum 4. Mr. K Jeyamohan, Interview 03/02//2016 Improvements of this road is necessary and it will Shop owner, also increase the business opportunities and even Karambakurichchi, though a tenant of the property willing to replace Varani the boutique
5. Mr. S Thavanesan, Interview 03/02//2016 Good intervention for development of the area if Electrician North it does not interfere with their day to day Varani, Varani economic activities.
6. Mr. V Maheshwaran, Shop owner, Interview 04/12/2016 This area is developing fast and most of the Chavakachcheri Rd., agricultural lands are getting productive and Manthakai proposed improvement smoothen the access to urban centres and the project is welcome.
7. Ms. Dayannidhi, Interview 04/02/2016 Willing to have this development but does not Principal, Puloli agreed to removal of parapet wall due to limited School, Manthikayi, space for the school building and suggested to Puloli. deviate the line to the other side.
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7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures 7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts
Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect (Low, moderate, high)
1 Will construction and operation of the Yes Low Project involve actions which will cause Most of the interventions are carried out along the road trace limited to width of 4.4m from physical changes in the locality the centre line. Hence no major alterations in terms of physical changes to topography, land (topography, land use, changes in water use, and water bodieswould occur due to this project. bodies,etc?)
2 Will the Project involve use, storage, Yes Low transport, handling or production of Transport of material and construction activities will emit dust, and fugitive particles. substances or materials which could be harmful to human health or the However, the affected area is small and mitigation is straight forward; therefore significance environment or raise concerns about of the effect can be considered as low. actual or perceived risks to human Dust and other particulate matter will be deposited on roofs, windows, open areas of health? households, plants and treesand may be unpleasant and/or create health hazards to vulnerable persons in the neighbourhood. However, this effect would be limited to a short time period.
3 Will the Project produce solid wastes Yes Low during construction or operation? During Construction: The project interventions, which mainly involvere-surfacing, will not produce significant amounts of construction debris or solid waste. There will be small quantities of spoilage (construction debris) produced during demolition of existing structures (mainly temporary) and excavation of trenches, cut and fill activities, debris from the rock blasting (if any) and material storage. During operations: Good solid waste collection practices will lead to alleviation of any solid waste-related problems. There will be street sweepings, solid waste collected at garbage bins/ bays and dump areas which need regular collection and disposal. In addition, debris and sediments, floating matter and other solid waste carried by surface drainage which can be collected at
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manholes, catch pits etc. needs proper disposal. Regular cleaning of side drains and the road side will also generate such material. Culverts will also generate spoil material.
4 Will the Project release pollutants or any Yes Low hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to There will be bituminous material used during overlay and re-surfacing of roads, bituminous air? laying of carriage way and shoulders. Paints and solvents used for road markings can emit toxic and noxious air-borne substances.
5 Will the Project cause noise and Yes Moderate vibration or release of light, heat energy The project activities will cause noise and vibration during proposed or electromagnetic radiation? enhancement/improvement interventions and during transportation of material etc. but, it is highly recommended to follow instructions given in the EMP strictly at the sensitive locations. These impacts are temporary in nature and inconvenience is mainly for the neighbouring people.
6 Will the Project lead to risks of Yes Low contamination of land or water from Stock piling of material will lead to washing away of soil and may increase turbidity and TSS releases of pollutants onto the ground or (Total Suspended Solids) in road side drainage and nearby canals/streams and wetlands into surface waters, groundwater or temporarily during the construction. This is relevant for the Ch. 2+800 to 5+600 where the coastal wasters? road stretch traversed through lagoon ecosystem.
Construction activities in the proposed road stretch may also involve excavation and storage of soil, which might increase erosion risk of top soil layers and cause siltation during wet weather, if engineering best practices not adopted during construction. On the other hand, proper construction practices like soil compaction and stabilization, turfing, maintaining naturally stable slopes, etc. will improve soil stability, reducing erosion risk and siltation effects during the construction phase and in the aftermath of projectcompletion. It is noted that sensitive fish species are found in the lagoon wetland habitats of the project area, hence care should be exercised to control turbid matter contaminating lagoon wetland habitats as a consequence of erosion laden with silt, sediment or any other colloidal material. The specific recommendations for embankment protection and enhanced drainage along the
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road stretch directly exposed to the waterfront targeting silt control as designed by RDA are important to be adhered to. 7 Will the project cause localized flooding Yes Low and poor drainage during construction The project area is traversed through lowlands and lagoon area (Ch. 0+000~2+100and Ch. 2+800 and Ch. 5+600), may face flood risks in Heavy rainy seasons Is the project area located in a flooding Construction Phase: location? Raised embankments and raised finish levels, stock piling of construction debris and other materials, excavations in cut and fill sections, etc., may block existing drainage flow paths, causing flow stagnation leading to localized inundations on temporary basis. However, ensuring proper construction practices like provision of improved drainage network, maintaining naturally stable slopes, etc. will improve drainage conditions, reducing flood risk during the construction phase and in the aftermath of project completion. During Operation: Lack of routine maintenance may lead to silting of drains/culverts and cause local inundation/ overtopping of drain.
8 Will there be any risks and Yes Low vulnerabilities to public safety due to Construction phase: physical hazards during construction or operation of the Project? The proposed improvements involves widening at two critical locations at the Puloli Methodist Mission Tamil Mix School (Ch. 0+200) andVarani Central Collage (Ch. 10+360). These two locations are critical due to heavy pedestrian and vehicular movement in school days. All the safety measures deployed in "Best Engineering Practices" need to be adopted during the construction. In General, disturbance to pedestrians, motorcyclists and motorists may be very likely on a temporary basis due to traffic congestions. Safety issues in terms of injuries due to construction work, drilling and blasting operation using heavy machinery could be
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anticipated. However, such incidences can be avoided with proper precautions exercised on health and safety aspects. Operation phase: During the operation phase, a smooth traffic flow can be expected and particularly due to correction of undesirable curves traffic problems and potential accidents that are prevailing at present can be overcome. After rehabilitation and establishment of proper signage system, the road stretch will be mostly clear of obstacles. Therefore, motorists and cyclists tend to travel faster, perhaps recklessly.
9 Are there any transport routes on or Yes Low around the location which are susceptible Throughout the road trace, there are several major and minor roads. It is likely to cause to congestion or which cause environmental problems, which could be temporary congestion on those roads during construction near the entrances. Creation of dust affected by the project? and noise are the potential environmental impacts which are temporary in nature. Due to the temporary closure of the roads during asphalt overlay the traffic would be diverted to nearby roads making the traffic volume of those roads increased. However, there are many connecting roads so that the impactscan be easily mitigated. Only a very few dwelling units will be affected depending on the time of excavation. It is likely to cause temporary congestion on those roads during construction near the entrances. Potential environmental impacts would be creation of dust and noise during construction which is temporary in nature. Trucks which transport material and movement of other heavy vehicles used for road construction will contest the local roads along transport routes.
10 Are there any routes or facilities on or Yes Low around the location which are used by the public for access to recreation or Similar to above item 9; They will be affected due to traffic built up if the project site is not other facilities, which could be affected properly managed.Use of road to access commercial establishments and residential areas may by the project? be temporarily affected but will not be completely cut off.
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11 Are there any areas or features of high Yes Moderate – High landscape or scenic value on or around The topography of the area has created several areas of high value scenic areas (along the the location which could be affected by lagoon area) but there will be no impact as the project will not disturb adversely to the view. the project? These aesthetically pleasing areas can be better viewed after road construction and that it will create a positive impact.
12 Are there any other areas on or around Yes Low the location which are important or The proposed road stretchtraverse through the lagoon area. Thus the negative effectsfrom the sensitive for reasons of their ecology e.g. wetlands, watercourses or other water constructions stage being there would be lowand completely mitigated if mitigatory measures bodies, the coastal zone, mountains, proposed in Table 7b are adopted during construction. forests which could be affected by the project?
13 Are there any areas on or around the Yes The lagoon area (Ch. 2+800 and Ch. 5+600) provides habitat for several endemic and native location which are used by protected, faunal and floral species. Hence care should be exercised to prevent washing away of important or sensitive species of fauna or material laden with silt, sediment or any other colloidal material that causes high turbidity in flora e.g. for breeding, nesting, foraging, surface runoff. resting, migration, which could be Where the embankments are steep and prone to erosion, as mentioned above, low levels of affected by the project? impacts could occur but these impacts are generally mitigatable.
14 Is the project located in a previously NO No such undeveloped green fields are encounteredin this area. undeveloped area where there will be loss of green-field land
15 Will the project cause the removal of Yes Low trees in the locality? In areas where road improvements are planned, a few trees would need to be removed. In the sections where there is a necessity to have safety measuresalso some trees have to be removed. Theeffects from tree removal are minimum and it is recommended to follow migratory measures as outlined in 7b. Trees found in below mentioned chainages along the transect, especially those located within the proposed walkway and shoulders,might disturb the construction activities. However, the
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proposed construction activities can be carried out while preserving the trees and it is recommended to incorporate existing trees worth retaininginto the overall layout of the proposed design, wherever it is safe and practical, to provide armature and established appearance.
Chainage Location of the tree Species name Local Name Edge of the 4.4m line 1 0 + 225 Ficusreligiosa Boo RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 2 0 + 080 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 3 0+083 and the boundary wall Terminalia catappa Kottamba RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 4 0 + 085 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 5 0+670 and the boundary wall Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4m line 6 0+ 710 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 7 0+ 712 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 8 0+ 715 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4m line 9 0 +720 and the boundary wall Cocos nucifera Pol RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 10 0 + 815 Ficusreligiosa Boo RHS
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Edge of the 4.4 m line 11 1 + 360 Acediractaindika Kohomba LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 12 1 +840 Ficus spp. Nuga RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 13 1 + 860 Tectonagrandis Teak RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 14 3+350 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 15 3 + 370 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 16 3 + 615 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 17 4 + 250 Macarangapeltata Kenda LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 18 4+980 Ficusreligiosa Boo RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 19 5+670 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 20 6+040 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 21 7+110 FicusReligiosa Boo LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 22 7+ 430 Cocusnucifera Pol LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 23 7+ 435 Cocusnucifera Pol LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 24 7+ 860 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 25 7+ 865 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 26 7+895 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 27 7 + 910 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS
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Edge of the 4.4 m line 28 7+912 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 29 11 +115 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 30 11+117 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 31 12+190 Cocos nucifera Pol LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 32 12 + 325 Cocos nucifera Pol LHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 33 13 + 025 Borassusflabellifer Thal RHS Edge of the 4.4 m line 34 13+990 Borassusflabellifer Thal LHS
16 Are there any areas or features of historic Yes Low or cultural importance on or around the The selected road stretch traverse through the 14.2 km distance along the small townships location which could be affected by the villages, paddy and other agricultural lands, temple project? premisesincludingThittiveramTtakaiAmmalKovil(Ch. 10+700), EruwanPulleiarKovil (Ch. 12+740).However temporary inconvenience is expected for visitors due to potential traffic generation noise and dust, particularly during weekends when a large number people visit these religious places.
17 Are there existing land uses on or around Yes Low the location e.g. home gardens, other Present land use of the area is mixed along the road (commercial, industrial, residential etc.) private property, industry, commerce, recreation, public open space, and agriculture and home garden type uses in interior areas. The project will not create any community facilities, agriculture, significant negative impacts that would change the land use character of the area forestry, tourism, mining or quarrying Commercial establishments along the road, particularly at main junctions such as Kodikamum which could be affected by the project? (Ch. 14+100), Varani(Ch.8+460), Puloli (1+040) and Manthikai Junction will be affected due to creation of traffic congestions and dust which will make the customers distracted. However such impacts are of temporary nature that can be minimized by the deployment of best engineering practices.
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18 Are there any areas on or around the Yes Low location which are densely populated or Construction Period built-up, which could be affected by the A very few locations along the road trace are comparatively densely populated (Kodikamum project? (Ch. 14+100), Varani (Ch.8+460), Puloli (1+040) and Manthikai Junction). However they will not be significantly affected by the project activities as except for a few uses others are located outside the road reservation. However noise, dust and traffic congestion would be potential impacts during construction period which are of temporary nature.
Operation Period During the operation period due to improvements to the road network, it is likely that motorists will speed up which will create potential accidents. However deployment of adequate traffic management systems can overcome such potential impacts.
19 Are there any areas on or around the Yes Low location which are occupied by sensitive Puloly Methodist Mission Tamil Mixed School, Varani North GTM and Varani Central land uses e.g. hospitals, schools, places Collage are the main schools located on this road trace. of worship, community facilities, which could be affected by the project? There are two main places of worship such as ThittiveramTtakaiAmmalKovil (Ch. 10+700), EruwanPulleiarKovil (Ch. 12+740).
However since these sensitive land uses particularly schools and temples attract a large number of people (school children, teachers, parents, and general community) there exist a potential danger particularly in the morning and evening hours and also inconvenience due to creation of dust and noise. 20 Are there any areas on or around the Yes Low location which contain important, high Habitats connected with lagoon area along the trace may be affected due to surface runoff quality or scarce resources e.g. groundwater, surface waters, forestry, bringing in additional loading of suspended particles together with high levels of bituminous agriculture, fisheries, tourism, minerals, material, oil and grease during construction. which could be affected by the project? Part of paddy fields also could be affected due to siltation from eroded material.However, ensuring construction best practices may reduce the risk of contamination of agricultural lands, hence effects are low risk.
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The areas along the lagoon contain water front scenic value (Bird watching Site) and tourist interest. However at present such value is not optimized. The project will not involve in creating negative impact on this scenic value. 21 Are there any areas which are already No No such areas along the selected road stretch subject to pollution or environmental damage e.g. where existing legal environmental standards are exceeded, which could be affected by the project?
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7b. Environmental Management Plan during construction and operations phases: Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision 1.0 Construction Phase
1.1 Earthwork and Soil Conservation
1.1.1 Site Clearance and Land Development
Prevention of removal of trees as far as possible. However, total of 34 Applicable Engineerin Contractor SC, PMU, trees will have to be removed during site clearance. throughout the g cost PDB road The contractor shall inform the Palmyrah Development Board (PDB) Location, variety specially on Palmyra tree removal timeframe in advance and get its & size of trees to consent. be removed are given in 7a 11 During removing, attention should be paid to maintain minimum disturbances to soil cover and also care should be taken not to damage adjoining trees.
It is recommended to plant trees along the possible stretches of roadside in order to enhance the environment.
Water spraying should be done at a regular interval to avoid dust generation due to site clearance (refer sections 1.2.1 below on prevention of dust generation)
1.1.2 Disposal of Debris and Spoil
(a) All debris and residual spoil material including any left earth shall be Disposal sites Engineerin contractor PMU, LA,SC disposed only at locations approved by the engineer for such purpose identified by the g cost and subjected to the clauses 2.1.2.b and 2.1.2.c. contractor and approved by Engineer. are
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision subjected to approval of DS, LA & Engineer (b) If directed by the engineer the contractor shall obtain the approval from -Do- - -do- the relevant Local Authority (LA) such as Prdeshiya Sabha, Municipal Council and other government agencies (as required) for disposal and spoil at the specified location. (c) The debris and spoil shall be disposed in such a manner that; All water bodies Engineerin -do- PMU, LA,SC (i) waterways and drainage paths are not blocked within this section g cost (ii) the disposed material should not be washed away by runoff and of road including (iii) should not be a nuisance to the public ponds, small canals and lagoon area lies in Ch2+800 to Ch. 5+600 (d) If directed by the engineer the debris and residual spoil material All burrow sites do -do- -do- including any left earth shall be used, to refill the burrow areas as (licensed sites) directed by the engineer, subjected to laying of topsoil as per EMP identified by clause. contractor and (Refer section 1.1.5 on burrow material) approved by Engineer.
(e) Excavated earth materials and all debris materials shall be disposed on a Applicable do -do- -do- daily basis (or as necessary given the waste quantities generated and throughout the onsite stockpiling space) without allowing to stockpile onsite, at road / working identified locations for debris disposal, recommended by the engineer. area During transportation, dispose materials should be covered with tarpaulin.
(f) If consented by the engineer, contractor can dispose construction debris In identified - -do- -do- and excavated earth as land filling material provided that the contractor filling sites can ensure that such material is used for legally acceptable purposes and subjected to the is disposed in a manner that will not be harmful to the surrounding approval of
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision environment. engineer
The contractor shall maintain a waste register in the site office which will keep records of types and quantities of wasted removed from the site and places of disposal. The waste register will be monitored by the PMU staff during project implementation. 1.1.3 Conservation and reuse of top soil
(a) Removed top soil could be used as a productive soil when Within this road - -do- -do- replanting/establishing roadside vegetation section (b) Such stockpiled topsoil must be returned to cover the areas including -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- cut slopes where the topsoil has been removed due to project activities. g cost Residual topsoil must be distributed on adjoining/proximate barren areas as identified by the engineer. (c) Topsoil thus stockpiled for reuse shall not be surcharged or Locations where - -do- -do- overburdened. As far as possible multiple handling of topsoil stockpiles topsoil is should be kept to a minimum. stockpiled for reuse 1.1.4 Protection of Ground Cover and Vegetation
(a) Construction vehicle, machinery and equipment shall be used and Within the road - Contractor PMU/LA/CE stationed only in the areas of work and in any other area designated/ section A,SC approved by the engineer. Adhoc and scattered parking and placement of machinery should be avoided to minimize harm to roadside ground cover. (b) Contractor should provide necessary instructions to drivers, operators -Do- -Do- -do- PMU/LA/CE and other construction workers not to destroy ground vegetation cover A,SC unnecessarily. Designated vehicle parks and maintenance yards must be informed to labour force. 1.1.5 Burrowing of Earth
(a) Earth available from excavation for roadside drains as per design, may All excavation - -do- -do- be used as embankment materials, subject to approval of the engineer areas and
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision embankments (b) Contractor shall comply with the environmental requirements/guidelines Selected borrow - -do- -do- issued by the Central Environmental Authority (CEA) and the sites respective local authorities with respect of opening burrow areas and with regard to all operations related to excavation and transportation of earth from such sites.
(c) Burrow areas shall not be opened without having a valid mining license from the GSMB. The location, depth of excavation and the extent of the pit or open cut area shall be as approved by the engineer. (d) Contractor can also find suitable soil materials for shoulder formation All burrow sites and / or road filling from currently operated licensed burrow pits in the identified by the surrounding area, subject to approval of the Engineer contractor.
(e) All burrow pits/areas should be rehabilitated at the end of their use by All burrow sites Engineerin -do- -do- the contractor in accordance with the requirements/guidelines issued by identified by the g cost the CEA/GSMB and the respective local authority. contractor (f) Establishment of burrow pits/areas and its operational activities shall All excavation - -do- -do- not cause any adverse impact to the properties and shall not be a danger areas, slopes and or health hazard to the people living around. burrow sites (g) Contractor shall take all steps necessary to ensure the stability of slopes All excavation Engineerin -do- -do- in burrow pits. areas, slopes and g cost Please refer a general guideline for burrow pit management in annex X. burrow sites 1.1.6 Prevention of soil erosion
(a) The work, permanent or temporary shall consist of measures as per Applicable Engineerin Contractor PMU,SC design or as directed by the engineer to control soil erosion, throughout the g cost sedimentation and water pollution to the satisfaction of the engineer. road. Typical measures include the use of berms, dikes sediment basins, fiber mats, mulches, grasses, slope drains and other devices. All Locations of sedimentation and pollution control works and maintenance thereof are culverts, bridges deemed, as incidental to the earthwork or other items of work and no leaderways separate payment will be made for their implementation. (directly
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision connected to streams / water bodies), toe walls & silt traps to be erected
(b) Debris material shall be disposed in such a manner that waterways, Contractor PMU,SC drainage paths would not get blocked, both onsite and offsite. Disposal of loose soil shall not be done within 100m of any waterway. (c) During improvements of roadside drainage, temporary drainage paths must be erected to drain rain water properly and to avoid on-site ponding.
These temporary drains should include silt traps or any other sediment trapping measure to minimize silt carrying runoff generated from the site.
(d) To avoid siltation in the waterways crossing the project site, temporary drainage paths from construction sites will not be directly sent to the Lagoon area that cross the road at Ch. 2+800 to Ch. 5+600 and the ponds located along the trace without passing through a silt trap.
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (e) Barricades such as humps will be erected at excavated areas for List & locations of Engineerin Contractor PMU,SC culverts, toe walls, filling and lifting with proper sign boards, as some culverts, toe walls, g cost work in these sections will have to be stopped during heavy rains due to covered built up heavy erosion. To prevent soil erosion in these excavated areas, proper leader ways, silt earth drain system with measures for silt trapping should be introduced traps to be erected during work implementation.
(f) Embankment slopes, slopes of cuts, etc shall not be unduly exposed to Within this road Engineerin Contractor PMU,SC erosive forces. These exposed slopes shall be graded and covered by section g cost grass or geotextile as per the specifications. All fills, back fills and slopes should be compacted immediately to reach the specified degree of compaction and establishment of proper mulch.
(g) Work that lead to heavy erosion shall be avoided during the raining -Do- - -do- -do- season. If such activities need to be continued during rainy season prior approval must be obtained from the Engineer by submitting a proposal on actions that will be undertaken by the contractor to prevent erosion.
1.1.7 Contamination of soil by fuel and lubrications
(a) Vehicle/machinery and equipment servicing and maintenance work Servicing yards to Engineerin Contractor PMU, LA, shall be carried out only in designated locations/ service stations be used for g cost CEA,/SC approved by the engineer vehicle servicing
(b) Approval from CEA in the form of an Environmental Protection -Do- - -do- PMU,/SC Licenses (EPL) should be secured by the contractor if he intends to establish his own vehicle servicing yard (c) Waste oil, other petroleum products and untreated wastewater shall not Servicing yards to Engineerin -do- PMU, LA, be discharged on ground so that to avoid soil pollution. Clean up be used for g cost CEA,/SC
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision measures shall be taken against pollution of soil by spillage of vehicle servicing petroleum/oil products from storage tanks and containers. All waste and locations petroleum products shall be disposed of in accordance with the along this guidelines issued by the CEA (annex 9) or the engineer. highway section where vehicles will be temporarily stationed (d) Sites used for vehicle and plant service and maintenance shall be New servicing Engineerin -do- -do- restored back to its initial status. Site restoration will be considered as yards developed g cost incidental to work. by the contractor for the project 1.1.8 Disposal of harmful construction wastes
(a) Contractor prior to the commencement of work shall provide list of Locations - Contractor PMU, LA, harmful, hazardous and risky chemicals/ material that will be used in the identified to store CEA,/SC project work to the Engineer. Contractor shall also provide the list of chemicals and places where such chemicals/materials or their containers or other waste disposal harmful materials have been dumped as waste at the end of the project, via the waste register. (b) All disposal sites should be approved by the engineer and approved by -Do- - -do- PMU,/SC CEA and relevant local authority. (c) The contractor shall clean up any area including water-bodies All affected water Engineerin -do- -do- affected/contaminated (if any) as directed by the engineer at his own bodies close to g cost cost. material storage and waste disposal sites 1.1.9 Quarry operations
(a) The contractor should utilize existing quarry sites available in the All, quarry sites Contractor PMU, project influential area as much as possible which are approved by which will be used Engineerin GSMB, CEA, GSMB with valid EPL and Industrial Mining Licences (IML); during g cost LA,/SC construction
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision Selected quarry sites should have proper safety measures such as phase. warnings, safety nets etc., and third party insurance cover to protect external parties that may be affected due to blasting.
If new quarries are to be opened, prior approval should be obtained from GSMB, CEA and local authorities. (b) It is recommended not to seek material from quarries that have ongoing -Do- - -do- -do- disputes with community. (c) The maintenance and rehabilitation of the access roads in the event of -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- damage by the contractors operations shall be a responsibility of the g cost contractor. 1.2 Storage and handling of construction material 1.2.1 Emission of dust
(a) Storage locations of sand, metal, soil should be located away from At all material Engineerin Contractor PMU,/SC settlements and other sensitive receptors and covered (with artificial storage locations g cost barriers or natural vegetation). (stock piles of sand, metal) Measures given under clauses 1.5.1 (c), (d), (e) should be considered within material storage site to minimize dust during handling of material.
All access roads within the storage site should be sprinkled with water for dust suspension. 1.2.2 Storage of fuel, oil and chemicals (avoid fumes and offensive odour)
(a) All cement, bitumen (barrels), oil and other chemicals should be stored At all material Engineerin -do- -do- and handled on an impervious surface (metal sheet, concrete slab) above storage locations g cost ground level. (cement, bitumen, fuel, oil and other Storage facility of cement, bitumen (barrels), oil and other chemicals chemicals used for should be an enclosed structure ensuring that no storm water flows in to construction the structure. activities)
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Alternatively, if the storage is not enclosed a ridge should be placed around the storage facility to avoid runoff getting in to the structure.
Adequate ventilation should be kept to avoid accumulation of fumes and offensive odour that could be harmful to material handlers.
Measures given under clause 1.9 should be considered to avoid any accidents and risks to worker population and public.
1.2.3 Transportation of material
(a) The contractor should avoid over loaded trucks to transport material to Within this road - Contractor PMU/,SC construction sites. During transportation, materials should be covered section with tarpaulin. Please refer section 1.9.3 on traffic management for transport routes and times of the day that transport of construction material to the site is allowed. 1.3 Water – Protection of Water Sources and Quality
1.3.1. Loss of minor water sources and disruption to water users
(a) Arrange adequate supply of water for the project purpose throughout the Applicable construction period. Do not obtain water for project purposes, including throughout the for labour camps, from public or community water supply schemes road without a prior approval from the relevant authority.
Do not extract water from ground water or surface water bodies without Applicable the permission from Engineer & relevant authority. Obtain the throughout the permission for extracting water prior to the commencing of the project, road from the relevant authority.
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (c) Contractor shall protect the public well used by community for Wells and other Engineerin -do- PMU, LA,SC agricultural purpose, bathing etc and the natural freshwater streams at public water g cost change from any contamination and disruption to supply. sources in Ch.0+360, 0+550, A buffer zone (minimum 10 meters) shall be maintain between the 0+620, 0+820, construction boundary and the water sources at all times possible, with 0+890, 1+200, any other mitigation, as deemed necessary, to avoid contaminated 1+580, 1+680, runoff from getting in. 1+775, 1+795,1+920, In case the closure of such sources is required on a temporary basis 6+430, 6+875, contractor shall provide alternative arrangement for supply. Alternative 8+180, 10+740, sources such as wells thus provided should be within acceptable 10+790, 13+790, distance to the original sources and accessible to the affected within this road community. section
(d) Contractor shall not divert, close or block existing canals, ponds and Culverts at Ch. Engineerin -do- RDA/PMU, lagoon area in a manner that will adversely affect natural water flow. If 0+200, 0+320, g cost LA/ DS, SC diversion or closure or blocking of the canals is required for the 0+520, 0+940, execution of work (such as putting culverts, Bridges etc.), contractor 1+980, 2+140, must obtain the engineers approval in writing. Contractor shall also 2+855, 4+000, obtain the approval from the local authority or Divisional Secretary 4+090, 4+265, depending on the operating agency. Contractor shall restore the drainage 4+285, 4+610, path back to its original status once the need for such diversion or 4+670, 4+730, closure or blockage ceased to exist. 4+795, 4+880, 4+975, 5+060, 6+050, 6+590, 6+960, 7+570, 7+845, 9+800, 10+620, 11+000, 12+960, 13+520
Bridges at 3+860, 5+260, 5+590,
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (e) In case the contractors activities going to adversely affect the quantity Within this road Engineerin -do- -do- or quality of water, the contractor shall serve notice to the relevant section g cost authorities and downstream users of water sufficiently in advance. (f) Apply best management practices to control contamination of run-off water during maintenance & operation of equipment. Maintain adequate distance between stockpiles & the water bodies along the trace to control effects to natural drainage paths.
1.3.2 Siltation into water bodies
(a) Contractor shall take measures to prevent siltation of water bodies All water bodies Engineerin Contractor PMU, LA, including ponds and the lagoon area as a result of construction work located within this g cost SC including, construction of temporary/ permanent devices to prevent section of road water pollution due to siltation and increase of turbidity. These shall include the measures against erosion as per EMP 1.1.6.
(b) Construction materials containing small / fine particles shall be stored in -do- -do- places not subjected to flooding and in such a manner that these materials will not be washed away by runoff. (c) Temporary soil dumps should be placed at least 200m away from all -do- -do- water bodies including the public well and the lagoon area along the trace. (d) If temporary soil piles are left at the site for a long time those piles -do- -do- should be covered with thick polythene sheets (e) All fills, back fills and slopes should be compacted immediately to -do- -do- reach the specified degree of compaction and establishment of proper mulch
1.3.3 Alteration of drainage paths
(a) Contractor shall not close or block the existing water flows All drainage paths Engineerin Contractor PMU, DI/ permanently. If diversion or closure or blocking of canals and streams is crossed by the g cost DS/ASD,SC required for the execution of work (e.g. for construction of, culverts), road within this
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision contractor must first obtain the Engineers approval in writing. road section. Contractor shall carry out an investigation and report to the Engineer, if an investigation is requested by the Engineer. Contractor shall also obtain the approval from the relevant agencies such as Department of Irrigation (ID) / /Divisional Secretary (DS) prior to such action is taken. Contractors shall restore the drainage path back to its original status once the need for such diversion or closure or blockage is no longer required. (b) Debris and spoil shall be disposed in such a manner that waterways and -do- -do- drainage paths are not blocked.
1.3.4. Contamination of water from construction wastes
(a) The work shall be carried out in such a manner that pollution of natural At all water Engineerin Contractor PMU, LA, water courses located across the road section is avoided. Measures as courses located g cost CEA,SC given in 1.1.6, 1.1.7, 1.1.8, 1.3.2 and 1.3.6 clauses shall be taken to adjacent to the prevent the wastewater produced in construction from entering directly road trace into wells, ponds and lagoon. (b) Avoid / minimize construction works near / at such drainage locations -do- - -do- -do- during heavy rains seasons.
(c) The discharge standards promulgated under the National Environmental -do- Engineerin -do- -do- Act shall be strictly adhered to. All waste arising from the project is to g cost be disposed in a manner that is acceptable to the engineer and as per the guidelines/instructions issued by the CEA.
1.3.5. Contamination from fuel and lubricants
(a) All vehicle and plant maintenance and servicing stations shall be located Vehicle and plant Engineerin Contractor PMU, LA, and operated as per the conditions and /or guidelines stipulated under maintenance and g cost CEA,SC the EPL issued by CEA. In general, these should be located at least servicing centers 200m away from water bodies and wastewater shall not be disposed
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision without meeting the disposal standards of the CEA. Wastewater from vehicle and plant maintenance and servicing stations shall be cleared of oil and grease and other contaminants to meet the relevant standards before discharging to the environment. (b) Vehicle, machinery and equipment maintenance and re-filling shall be Yards, servicing Engineerin -do- -do- done as required in EMP clause 1.1.6. to prevent water pollution as centers g cost well.
1.3.6. Locating, sanitation and waste disposal in construction camps
(a) Locations selected for labour camps should be approved by engineer Within this road Engineerin Contractor PMU, LA, and comply with guidelines/ recommendations issued by the CEA/Local section, Sensitive g cost CEA, SC Authority (LA). Construction of labourer camps shall not be located locations such as within 200m from waterways (onsite or offsite) or near to a site or Kovils, Churches, premises of religious, cultural or archeological importance and school. Schools etc.
(b) Labour camps shall be provided with adequate and appropriate facilities At all labour Engineerin -do- -do- for disposal of sewerage and solid waste. The sewage systems shall be camps g cost properly designed, built and operated so that no pollution to ground or adjacent water bodies/watercourses takes place. Garbage bins shall be provided the camps and regularly emptied. Garbage should be disposed off in a hygienic manner, to the satisfaction of the relevant norms. Compliance with the relevant regulations and guidelines issued by the CEA/LA shall be strictly adhered to. (c) Contractor shall ensure that all camps are kept clean and hygienic. -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- Necessary measures shall be taken to prevent breeding of vectors g cost (d) Contractor shall report any outbreak of infectious disease of importance Within this road -do- -do- in a labour camp to the engineer and the Medical Officer of Health section with (MOH) or to the Public Health Inspector (PHI) of the area immediately. special attention Contractor shall carry out all instructions issued by the authorities, if near to labour any. camps (e) Contractor shall adhere to the CEA recommendations on disposal of At all labour -do- -do- wastewater. Wastewater shall not be discharged to ground or waterways camps
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision in a manner that will cause unacceptable surface or ground water pollution. (f) All relevant provisions of the Factories Act and any other relevant -Do- -do- -do- regulations aimed at safety and health of workers shall be adhered to. (g) Contractor shall remove all labour camps fully after its need is over, -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- empty septic tanks, remove all garbage, debris and clean and restore the g cost area back to its former condition.
1.3.7. Wastage of water and waste minimization
(a) The contractor will minimize wastage of water in the construction Within this road Contractor PMU, LA, process/operations by reusing water as much as possible, utilizing only section and labour CEA,SC the required amount of water for the construction works etc. camps The contractor shall maintain a record of usage of water for various purposes and sources tapped. 1.3.8. Extraction of water
At all natural -do- PMU, LA,SC (d) The Contractor may use the natural sources of water subject to the water sources used provision that any claim arising out of conflicts with other users of the for construction said natural sources of water shall be made good entirely by the works contractor should any conflict or social protects arises, the contractor shall seek alternative sources
1.4. Flood Prevention
1.4.1. Blockage of drainage paths and drains
(a) Contractor’s activities shall not lead to flooding conditions as a result of Along this road Engineerin Contractor PMU,SC blocked drainage paths and drains. The contractor shall take all section where road g cost measures necessary or as directed by the Engineer to keep all drainage will be placed on
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision paths and drains clear of blockage at all times. embankment, at locations where bridges and culverts are to be repaired / reconstructed. (b) If flooding or stagnation of water is caused by contractor’s activities, -Do- -Do- -do- -do- contractors shall provide suitable means to (a) prevent loss of access to any land or property and (b) prevent damage to land and property. Contractor shall compensate for any loss of income or damage as a result. 1.5 Air Pollution 1.5.1. Generation of Dust
(a) The contractor shall effectively manage the dust generating activities Within this road Engineerin Contractor PMU,SC such as ground clearing, topsoil removal, handling and transporting section where g cost sand, rubble, bitumen, and cement during periods of high winds or earth work will during more stable conditions with winds directed towards adjacent take place, storage residences and other facilities. locations of sand, (b) All stockpiles shall be located sufficiently away from sensitive receptors rubble, bitumen, -do- -do- such as schools, temples, etc. cement and all sub roads used for (c) All vehicles delivering materials shall be covered to avoid spillage and -do- -do- material dust emission. transportation, (d) The Contractor should avoid, where possible and take suitable action to paying special -do- -do- prevent dirt and mud being carried to the roadway (particularly attention to following wet weather). sensitive (e) The contractor should enforce vehicle speed limits to minimize dust locations. -do- -do- generation. (f) The Contractor shall employ a water truck to sprinkle water for dust -do- -do- suppression on all exposed areas as required (note: the use of waste water / waste oil for dust suppression is prohibited) (g) All cleared areas shall be rehabilitated progressively. -do- -do-
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (h) All earthwork shall be protected in a manner acceptable to the -do- -do- minimized generation of dust. (i) All existing roads used by vehicles of the contractor, or any of his sub- -do- -do- contractor or supplies of materials or plant and similar roads which are part of the works shall be kept clean and clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous materials dropped by such vehicles or their tyres. (j) Clearance shall be affected immediately by manual sweeping and -do- -do- removal of debris, or, if so directed by the Engineer, by mechanical sweeping and clearing equipment. Additionally, if so directed by the Engineer, the road surface will be hosed or sprinkled water using appropriate equipment. (k) Plants, machinery and equipment shall be handled (including -do- -do- dismantling) so as to minimize generation of dust. (l) The contractor shall take every precaution to reduce the level of dust -do- -do- emission from the hot mix plants and the batching plants up to the satisfaction of the Engineer in accordance with the relevant emission norms. (m) The hot mix plant be sited in accordance with CEA guidelines and -do- -do- operated with an EPL. The hot mix plants shall be fitted with the requirements of the relevant current emission control legislation.
1.5.2 Emission from Hot-Mix Plants and Batching Plants
(a) The hot mix plants and batching plants shall be sited in accordance with Locations at which Contractor PMU, CEA guidelines. It is recommended that hot mix plants and batching hot mix plant/s CEA,SC plants (if the contractor is establishing new) to be located sufficiently and concrete away from sensitive receptors such as vulnerable habitats, religious and batching plant/s to cultural sites, residential areas, schools and industrial areas be located (b) The exhaust gases shall comply with the requirements of the relevant -Do- -do- -do- current emission control legislation. All operations at plants shall be undertaken in accordance with all current rules and regulations protecting the environment as well as the conditions given in the EPL. 1.5.3. Odour and offensive smells
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(a) Contractor shall take all precautions such as storing all chemicals used Within this road Engineerin Contractor PMU, CEA, for construction works in properly closed containers with good section including g cost LA,SC ventilations to prevent odour and offensive smell emanating from all sites used for chemicals and processes applied in construction works or from labour store all chemicals camps. In a situation when/where odour or offensive smell does occur and places where contractor shall take immediate action to rectify the situation. chemical reactions Contractor is responsible for any compensation involved with any take place. health issue arisen out of bad odour and offensive smells. 1.5.4. Emission from construction Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery
(a) The emission standards promulgated under the National Environment All plants, - Contractor PMU, CEA, Act shall be strictly adhered to. machinery and LA,SC vehicles used for construction (b) All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction shall be -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- regularly serviced and well maintained to ensure that emission levels g cost comply with the relevant standards. (c) Contractor should obtain the certificate issued by the Vehicular -Do- -Do- -do- -do- Emission Test (VET) for all construction vehicles, plants and other machineries and it should be renewed annually. Submit all the details to the engineer. 1.5.5. Air Pollution from Crusher
(a) Crusher plants should operate under an EPL and shall confirm to Quarry sites - Contractor PMU, CEA, relevant dust emission levels as stated in the EPL. Only the quarries operated for LA,SC approved by GSMB and holding current EPL shall be used for material material extraction extraction. for the project (b) Crushing plants shall be sited sufficiently away from sensitive receptors Locations where - -do- -do- such as houses, place of worships and outdoor recreation areas or as quarry sites will required by the Engineer. be operated (c) Sprinkling of water (through a sprinkler system) for dust suppression. -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- g cost
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision 1.6. Noise Pollution and Vibration
1.6.1 Noise from Vehicles, Plants and Equipment.
(a) All machinery and equipment should be well maintained and fitted with All machinery and -Do- Contractor PMU, LA,SC noise reduction devices in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. vehicles used for Generally – noise and vibration can’t exceed 75 db day time road construction works (b) In construction sites within 150 m of the nearest habitation, noisy Within this road -do- -do- construction work such as crushing, concrete mixing and batching, section, - mechanical compaction, etc., will be stopped between 20.00 hours to 06.00 Sensitive hours. . locations; Near noise sensitive sites, such as the school and Kovils noisy equipment shall not be used during noise sensitive times of the day. (c) All vehicles and equipment used in construction shall be fitted with Within this road Engineerin -do- -do- exhaust silences. During routine servicing operations, the effectiveness section g cost of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found to be defective shall be replaced. Notwithstanding any other conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) must comply with the relevant legislation for levels of sound emission. Non-compliant plant shall be removed from site. (d) Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project (measured All equipment, - -do- -do- at one meter from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as machinery and compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vehicles used for vibrators and saws shall not exceed 75 dB road construction works (e) Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular and -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- proper, to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep noise from these at a g cost minimum. (f) Workers in vicinity of strong noise, and workers working with or in Within this road Engineerin -do- -do- crushing, compaction, batching or concrete mixing operations shall be section, quarry, g cost provided with protective gear. Refer safety section 1.9.3 crusher plants
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision 1.6.2 Vibration
(a) Contractor shall take appropriate action to ensure that construction Within this road - Contractor PMU,SC works do not result in damage to adjacent properties due to vibration. section (b) Prior to commencement of excavation, blasting activity, the Contractor Within this road - -do- -do- shall undertake a condition survey of existing structures within the zone section where of influence, as agreed with the relevant government agencies and the construction engineer. works will commence (c) If dynamite blasting is required, Contractor shall carry out monitoring at Within this road - -do- -do- the nearest vibration sensitive receptor during blasting or when other section where equipment causing vibration are used. construction works will commence (d) The contractor shall modify the method of construction until Within this road - -do- -do- compliance with the criteria, if vibration levels exceed the relevant section where vibration criteria. construction works will commence and at quarry and burrow sites (e) Contractor shall pay due consideration on vibration impacts of blasting Within this road - -do- -do- on adjoining structures. Explosive loads shall be determined so that section where excessive vibration can be avoided and blasts shall be controlled construction blasting in nature. Notwithstanding to these provisions contractor is works will liable for any damage caused by blasting work. commence and at quarry sites 1.6.3 Noise from Blasting or Pre splitting Operations
(a) If dynamite blasting is needed, Blasting shall be carried out during fixed At quarry sites - Contractor PMU, hours as permitted by the Engineer. The timing should be made known GSMB,SC to all the people within 500 m (200 m for pre-splitting) from the
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision blasting site in all directions. People, except those who actually light the fuse shall be excluded from the area of 200 m (50 m for pre- splitting) from the blasting site in all directions at least 10m minutes before the blasting. 1.7. Impacts to Flora
1.7.1 Loss or Damage to Trees and Vegetation
(a) All works shall be carried out in a manner that the destruction to the flora Throughout the - Contractor PMU, DS, and their habitats is minimized. Trees and vegetation shall be felled / road section 35 PDB removed only if that impinges directly on the permanent works or trees have to be CEA,SC necessary temporary works. In all such cases contractor shall take prior removed approval from the Engineer. (b) Contractor shall make every effort to avoid removal and/or destruction of -Do- - -do- -do- trees of religious, cultural and aesthetic significance. If such action is unavoidable the Engineer shall be informed in advance and carry out public consultation and report on the same should be submitted to the Engineer.
(c) Contractor shall adhere to the guidelines and recommendations made by -Do- - -do- -do- the Central Environmental Authority, Palmyra Development Board, and the Forest Department, if any with regard to felling of trees and removal of vegetation. (d) Removed trees must be handed over to the Timber Corporation. Throughout the - -do- -do- road section (e) The contractor shall plant native trees suitable for the location as Indicative number - Contractor PMU, DS, identified by the Engineer. of trees / plants CEA,SC The contractor shall build hardy structures around the trees for and indicative protection. number of The contractor shall be responsible for ensuring the well-being of the planting structures trees/plants until the end of the contract necessary are to be identified by the
contractor with the
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision help of PMU. Planting should take place prior to completing Centre median and sidewalks if any 1.7.2 Chance found important Flora
(a) During construction, if a rare/threatened/endangered flora species is Applicable - Contractor PMU, DoF, found, it shall be immediately informed to the PMU by the contractor. throughout the DWLC,SC All activities that could destroy such flora and/or its habitat shall be road section stopped with immediate effect. Such activities shall be started only after obtaining the Engineer’s approval. Contractor shall carry out all activities and plans that the Engineer instructed him to undertake to conserve such flora and/or its habitat.
1.8. Impact on Fauna
1.8.1. Loss, Damage or Disruption to Fauna
(a) All works shall be carried out in such a manner that the destruction or Applicable - Contractor RDA/PMU,S disruption to the fauna and their habitats is minimum. throughout the C road section, especially to the road section 1+100 to 1+870 (b) Construction workers shall be instructed to protect fauna including wild Applicable - -do- -do- animals and aquatic life as well as their habitats. Hunting, poaching and throughout the unauthorized fishing by project workers is not allowed. road section, especially to the road section
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision 1+100 to 1+870 (d) Siting of all hot mix plants, crushing plants, workshops, depots and Locations selected Engineerin -do- -do- temporary worker camps and storing of toxic and hazardous materials at for erecting the g cost approved locations, and recycling and dumping of solid waste matter at asphalt, crusher locations approved by local authorities, maintenance of vehicles and and concrete equipment in good operable condition, ensuring no leakage of oil or fuel batching plants and the fitting of proper exhaust baffles. and workshops 1.8.2 Chance found important Fauna
(a) During construction, if a rare/threatened/endangered fauna species is Applicable within - Contractor PMU, found, it shall be immediately informed to the PMU by the contractor. this road section DWLC,SC All activities that could destroy such fauna and/or its habitat shall be stopped with immediate effect. Such activities shall be started only after obtaining the Engineer’s approval. Contractor shall carry out all activities and plans that the Engineer instructed him to undertake to conserve such fauna and/or its habitat.
1.9. Disruption to Users
1.9.1 Loss of Access
(a) At all times, the Contractor shall provide safe and convenient passage Applicable within Engineering Contractor PMU/SC for vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from side the road and this road section cost property accesses connecting the project road. Work that affects the use of side roads and existing accesses shall not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions to the prior satisfaction of the Engineer. (b) The works shall not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the -Do- - -do- -do- convenience of public or the access to, use and occupation of public or private roads, and any other access footpaths to or of properties whether
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision public or private. (c) On completion of the works, all temporary obstructions to access shall -Do- Engineering -do- -do- be cleared away, all rubbish and piles of debris that obstruct access be cost cleared to the satisfaction of the Engineer. (d) Providing advance information to the public about the planned -Do- -Do- -do- -do- construction works and activities causing disruption to access highways, and the temporary arrangements made to give relief to public in order to avoid any inconveniences due to the construction activities. (e) Use of flagmen and/or temporary traffic lights to control traffic flows at -Do- -Do- -do- -do- constricted sites, including safe crossing for pedestrians especially at town areas and near schools. 1.9.2 Traffic Jams and Congestion
(a) Detailed Traffic Control Plans shall be prepared and submitted to the Applicable within - Contractor RDA/PMU, Engineer for approval 5 days prior to commencement of works on any this road section LA/Police section of the road. The traffic control plans shall contain details of temporary diversions, details of arrangements for construction under traffic details of traffic arrangements after cession of work each day, transport routes and times for construction vehicles. In order to ease traffic within the city, transport of construction material and machinery will be done prior to 6.00 am and after 6.00 pm. If directed by the Engineer the contractor shall obtain the consent for the traffic arrangement from the Local Police. (b) Temporary diversion of traffic to facilitate construction work shall have -Do- - -do- -do- the approval of the Engineer. If directed by the Engineer the contractor shall obtain the consent for the traffic arrangement from the Local Police. (c) Special consideration shall be given in the preparation of the traffic -Do- - -do- -do- control plan to the safety of pedestrians and workers at night. (d) The contractor shall ensure that the road surface is always properly Within this road Engineerin -do- -do- maintained, particularly during the monsoon so that no disruption to the section g cost
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision traffic flow occurs. (e) The temporary traffic detours shall be kept free of dust by frequent -Do- -Do- -do- -do- application of water. (f) Personnel used for traffic control by the contractor shall be properly -Do- -Do- -do- -do- trained, provided with proper gear including communication equipment, luminous jackets for night use. All signs, barricades, pavement markings used for traffic management should be to the standards and approved by the Engineer/ Police. (g) The manual of traffic control devices of RDA Should be followed -Do- - -do- -do- during construction period in order to ensure the safety and traffic control.
1.9.3 Traffic Control and Safety
(a) The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic -Do- Engineerin Contractor RDA/PMU, during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, g cost LA including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic approaching or passing through the road under improvement. The provision of traffic safety measures shall be considered incidental to work and follow The Institute for Construction Training and Development (ICTAD) guidelines and instructions given by the Police, if any. (b) Informing the public through newspapers/ announcements/ radio/ TV Project influence Engineerin -do- -do- etc. about the construction activities in order to avoid any area g cost inconveniences due to the construction activities.
(c) Provide information and boards at each road entry and exit point as -do- specified in the social document. Basic info – times of closure, diversion routes etc
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1.10.1 Public and Worker safety
(a) All reasonable precautions will be taken to prevent danger of the Within this road Engineerin Contractor SC/PMU workers and the public from accidents such as fire, explosions, blasts, section, material g cost falling rocks, falling to excavated pits, chemical sprays, unsafe power storage and supply lines etc. worker camps (b) The Contractor shall comply with requirements for the safety of the -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- workmen as per the international labor organization (ILO) convention g cost No. 62 and Safety and Health regulations of the Factory Ordinance of Sri Lanka to the extent that those are applicable to this contract. The contractor shall supply all necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets, masks, boots, etc., to the workers and staff. The contractor has to comply with all regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress. 1.10.2 Prevention of Risks of Electrocution
(a) All electrical wiring and supply related work should confirm to British Within this road -Do- Contractor SC/PMU Standards (BS) or relevant Sri Lankan Standards. Adequate precautions section, material will be taken to prevent danger of electrocuting from electrical storage and equipment and power supply lines including distribution boards, worker camps transformers, etc. Measures such as danger signboards, danger/red lights, fencing and lights will be provided to protect the public and workers. All electric power driven machines to be used in the construction shall be free from defect, be properly maintained and kept in good working order, be regularly inspected and as per BS provisions and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
1.10.3 Risk at Hazardous Activity
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (a) All workers employed in hazardous activities shall be provided with Within this road Engineerin Contractor SC/PMU necessary protective gear. These activities include mixing asphalt section, quarry site g cost material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., welding work, work at and burrow pits crushing plants, blasting work, operators of machinery and equipment such as power saws, etc. (b) The use of any toxic chemical shall be strictly in accordance with the Within this road -Do- -do- -do- manufacturer’s instructions. The Engineer shall be notified of toxic section chemicals that are planned to be used in all contract related activities. A register of all toxic chemicals delivered to the site shall be kept and maintained up to date by the Contractor. The register shall include the trade name, physical properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product. 1.10.4 Lead Pollution (a) No paint containing lead or lead products will be used except in the Workshops, yards - Contractor SC/PMU form of paste or readymade paint. Facemasks shall be supplied to where spray workers who are working in spray painting or scraping lead paints. painting is done 1.10.5 Handling of Explosives
(a) Except as provided in the contract or ordered or authorized by the All locations - Contractor SC/PMU, Engineer, the Contractor shall not use explosives. Where the use of where blasting LA/CEA explosives is so provided or ordered or authorized, the Contractor shall activities will comply with the requirements of the following Sub-Clauses of this commence Clause besides the law of the land as applicable. (b) The Contractor shall at all times take every possible precaution and -Do- Engineerin -do- SC/PMU, shall comply with relevant laws and regulations relating to the g cost MoD importation, handling, transportation, storage and use of explosives. Contractor shall obtain Ministry of Defense (MoD) approval for importing and handling explosives and keep the Local Police informed of the same.
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1.11. Health and Safety
1.11.1 Prevention of Vector based Diseases
(a) Contractor shall take necessary actions to prevent breeding of At worker camps, Engineerin Contractor SC/PMU, LA mosquitoes at places of work, labour camps, plus office and store stores, yards g cost buildings. Stagnation of water in all areas including gutters, used and empty cans, containers, tyres, etc shall be prevented. Approved chemicals to destroy mosquitoes and larvae should be regularly applied. All burrow sites should be rehabilitated at the end of their use by the contractor in accordance with the requirements/guidelines issued by the Central Environmental authority and relevant local authorities (b) Contractor shall keep all places of work, labour camps, plus office and -Do- -Do- -do- -do- store buildings clean devoid of garbage to prevent breeding of rats and other vectors such as flies. 1.11.2 Workers Health and Safety
(a) Contractor shall comply with the provisions in Health and Safety Within this road - Contractor SC/PMU regulations under the Factory Ordinance with regard to provision of section, health and safety measures and amenities at work place(s). workshops and worker camps 1.11.3 First Aid
(a) At every workplace, first aid kit shall be provided as per the regulations. Within this road Engineerin Contractor SC/PMU, LA At every workplace an ambulance room containing the prescribed section, quarry, g cost equipment and nursing staff shall be provided. crusher, concrete batching plants, workshops and worker camps 1.11.4 Potable Water
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (a) In every workplace and labour camps portable water shall be available Within this road -Do- -do- -do- throughout the day in sufficient quantities. section (work sites), quarry, crusher, concrete batching plants, workshops and worker camps 1.12 Protection of Archaeological, Cultural and Religious Places and Properties
1.12.1 Prevention of damage to Cultural and Religious Places and Properties (a) During construction activities the contractor should take all necessary Near to places of -Do- Contractor SC/PMU, and adequate care to minimize impacts on cultural properties which worships near to Dpt. Of includes cultural sites and remains, places of worship. the road trace cultural Workers should not be allowed to trespass in to such areas. affairs, LA, Religious
leaders 1.12.2 Chance found Archaeological property
(a) All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity and structures and other Within this road - Contractor SC/PMU, remains or things of geological or archaeological interest etc. discovered section DoA on the site and/or during construction work shall be the property of the Government of Sri Lanka, and shall be dealt with as per provisions of Antiquities Ordinance of 1940 (Revised in 1956 & 1998) (b) The contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his workmen -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or g cost thing and shall, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer’s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work shall be stopped within 100m in all directions from the site of discovery. (c) If directed by the Engineers the Contractor shall obtain advice and -Do- Engineerin -do- -do- assistance from the Department of Archaeological of Sri Lanka on g cost conservation measures to be taken with regard to the artifacts prior to
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1.13 Environmental Enhancement
1.13.1 Roadside Landscape
(a) Roadside landscape plantation, re-vegetation of road embankments and Within this road -Do- Contractor SC/PMU other slopes, edge treatment of water bodies shall be taken up as per section, and all either detailed design or typical design guidelines given as part of the locations used for Bid Documents. The contactor also shall remove all debris, piles of quarry sites, unwanted earth, spoil material, away from the roadsides and from other burrow pits, work places and disposed at locations designated or acceptable to the asphalt plant, Engineer or as per Clause 2.1.1. concrete batching plants, workshops and labour camps (b) On completion of the works, the temporary structures shall be cleared -Do- -Do- -do- -do- away in full, all rubbish burnt, waste dumps and septic tank shall be filled and closed and roadsides, workplaces and labour camps, cleared and cleaned. 1.13.2 Utilities and Roadside Amenities
(a) Contractor shall replace all amenities such as bus shelters that were Places where bus -Do- Contractor SC/PMU removed/ relocated during the construction unless the Engineer directed shelters are the contractor not to do so. located along the road 1.14 Handling Environmental Issues during Construction
(a) The Contractor will appoint a suitably qualified Safeguard Officer Within this road - Contractor SC/PMU following the award of the contract. The Safeguard Officer will be the section during primary point of contact for assistance with all environmental, social & construction safety issues during the pre-construction and construction phases. He/ period She shall be responsible for ensuring the implementation of EMP.
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Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issues Project phase cost Implement Supervision (b) The Contractor shall direct the safeguard officer responsible for -Do- - -do- -do- community liaison and to handle public complaints regarding environmental/ social related matters. All public complaints will be entered into the Complaints Register. The Environmental safeguard Officer will promptly investigate and review environmental complaints and implement the appropriate corrective actions to arrest or mitigate the cause of the complaints. A register of all complaints is to be passed to the Engineer within 24 hrs they are received, with the action taken by the Environmental safeguard Officer on complains thereof. (c) Contractor shall develop suitable method to receive complaints. The Within this road - -do- -do- complain register shall be placed at a convenient place, easily accessible section during by the public. construction period at relevant local authority and divisional secretariat. (d) Contractor shall prepare detailed Environmental Method Statement Throughout the - -do- -do- (EMS) clearly stating the approach, actions and manner in which the project EMP is implemented within a month of mobilization. It is required from construction the contractor to prepare the EMS for each work site, if work will be period carried out at more than one site at once and time plan for implementation. The EMS shall be updated regularly and submit for Engineers review.
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8. Cost of mitigation Cost Item Unit Quantity Rate Estimated Amount (LKR) 1 Obtaining Approvals such as night-time works, CEA PS 25,000.00 clearances, etc (if required) 2 Making silt traps closer to water sources to reduce erosion Item 3 Preparation disposal yards, operation & maintenance and Item landscaping after construction 4 Traffic Control personnel’s (2 persons) Day 730 5 Baseline testing of env parameters (PM2.5, PM10, NOx, Item 120,000.00 SOx, CO and Noise Levels) at a location within Fort by PMU Total
Other than above mentioned line items of cost of mitigation related to environment safeguards, all the other line items are included in the Engineering Bill of Quantities.
9. Conclusion and Screening Decision Summary of environmental impacts: The road proposed for improvements is an existing road which is currently serving as one of the main artery for vehicles moving from the Kodikammum to the north most point of the Island. All improvements 4.4 m line either side from the centre line. Considering the physical characteristics of the area and the proposed interventions, most of the environmental impacts described in the EMP caused by project activities are not expected to have any significant impactand are related to dust/noise generation, siltation, safety hazards, traffic congestion and other general impacts which can be mitigated with good construction, site management and public safety practices.
Ch.from2+800to Ch. 5+600 where the road travels through the lagoon area is a sensitive area according to the sensitive area classification of the Central Environmental Authority. However, impacts to the lagoon habitats from silt laden surface run off is considered insignificant given that this can be easily mitigated with better construction practices. However, consultationswith the CEA is recommended to obtain their no objection given the following considerations;
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Environmental impacts will be mostly encountered during the construction stage of the project. The areas affected during improvements will be mainly confined to the construction site.
Assuming that all the mitigation measures are implemented, the following effects can be predicted.
Significance of the environmental effects with mitigation in place NS – Effect not significant, or can be rendered insignificant with mitigation Key Project Activities SP- Significant positive effective SN – Significant negative effect U – Outcome unknown or cannot be predicted, even with mitigation NA – Not applicable
Traffic Management NS
Removal of over burdens NS
Relocation of services: electricity poles, telephone, water supply lines, NS SLT switch boards, transformers, manholes etc.
Erection of temporary labor camps NS
Material Procurement NS
Material Transportation NS
Material Storage NS
Cut and Fill Activities NS
Drilling Activities NS
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Rock Blasting NA
Solid, hazardous waste and debris management NS
10. EMP implementation responsibilities and costs
The overall responsibility of ensuring compliance with safeguard requirements lie with the PMU supported by the RDA while the contractor will be responsible for implementing the provisions of the EMP. In addition, the RDA will be directly responsible for reviewing the proposed design to ensure that all design related mitigation measures mentioned herein are implemented. The overall supervision will be carried out by the Supervision Consultant appointed by the PMU. Any consequent design modification will be reflected in the project cost. Environmental monitoring will be carried out largely through visual observations and compliance monitoring using the checklist provided in the EMF by the Environmental Officer of the Supervision Consultant in consultation of PMU safeguard Team. The supervision Consultant shall report on issues and performance on EMP implementation to the PMU. The primary objective of this proposed Environmental Management Plan(EMP) and monitoring programme is to control environmental impacts tolevels within acceptable standards, and to minimize possible impact on thecommunity and the workforce of foreseeable risks during the construction and subsequent operation phases of the project. Such environmentalmitigation measures shall be used in conjunction with good managementpractices and good engineering design, construction and operationpractices
11. Screening Decision Recommendation:
Potential environmental impacts can be classified as general construction related impacts and can be mitigated on site with known technology. Standalone environmental assessment is not required and the environmental management plan provided with this report would be sufficient to mitigate the identified impacts.The project will not also influence significantly on the natural surroundings of the locality. Construction has to be encouragedduring the dry season so that the impact due to heavy water flow could be minimised. It is highly recommended that the Contractor use the machineries & equipment’s with the consent of supervision consultant and no any compaction activities, large scale drilling activities and rock blasting required or allowed during improvements.
Hazardous materials should be handled by competent authorities who are registered with CEA.
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12. Details of Persons Responsible for the Environmental Screening
Screening report completed by Date 25th March 2015 Ajith U K Ethugala Asst. Project Director (Env) [email protected]
Name/Designation/Contact information
Signature Screening report reviewed by Date 25th March 2015 GangadariRanawaka Deputy Project Director (Env) [email protected]
Name/Designation/Contact information
Signature
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Annex 1: Project Location Map
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Annex 2: Physiographic Locations of Jaffna Peninsula
Annex 3:
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Geology and Soil Map of the Project Area
Annex 4: Map
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Annex 5: Geology and condition of groundwater in Jaffna Peninsula.
Source: Sirimanne 1952. Notes: (a) Red earth, (b) Jaffna limestone, (c) Granitic genesis, MSL (mean sea level), GWT (groundwater level), FWZ (zone of freshwater saturation), BWZ (probable zone of brackish water); (1) dry well, (2) bottomless well or tidal well (Nilavarai), (3) ordinary successful well, (4) spring of Keerimalai type, (5) solution cavern.
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Annex – 7: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation
1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private / Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance. 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS. 8. Contractor has to make bank guarantee specified by the GSMB based on the situation of the land, prior to issuing Mining License. 9. Contractor applies for Trade License from PS.
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Annex – 8: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation
1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private/ Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS who would decide whether the test blast is needed for IML-A and IML-B which depends on the sensitivity of the site. Test blast will be carried out prior to issuing Mining License 8. Contractor applies for EPL from CEA 9. EPL is issued by CEA 10. GSMB monitors noise and vibrations annually and renews license 11. Contractor applies for explosive license from the Ministry of Defense 12. Contractor applies for Trade license/ Approval from PS
Annex – 9: Borrow Pit Management Guidelines
Development Plans of Borrow Pit and Quarry A detailed development plan will be prepared by the selected contractor before the starts of extraction of material from each borrow pit or quarry. Site development plans will augment this operations plan with specific details. These development plans will include:
Site layout and boundaries with the following provisions: . Minimum setback of 31m from environmentally sensitive areas, a 100 m when feasible;
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. Adequate room for all activities; . Estimates of the resources to be extracted; . Re-fuelling station with appropriate containment (if required); . Stockpiling location; . Dust and noise consideration; . Waste management; . Water management structures; . Sequence of operation; . Contractor involved in the operation; . Site operating procedures; and . Spill response procedures.
• Monitoring: . Pit wall stability (for quarry); . Extent of permafrost or ground-ice; . Wildlife interactions or sightings; and . Contingencies if changes to the original development scenario are required.
• Reclamation: . Overburden replacement for site grading and re-contouring; . Reclamation of natural drainage; . Slope reconstruction; . Removal of all garbage and debris; . Removal of all temporary storages/structures/equipment; . Reclamation of access road and block access (if required); and . Replacement of all salvaged topsoil (if required).
Water Management Site development must ensure positive drainage to prevent water pooling or flooding of the pit. The following measures will be implemented to enhance re-establishment of equilibrium and minimization of erosion and water ponding: • Where possible, excavations will be minimized by utilizing above grade sources for material (hills and swales), which will minimize water collection and drainage disruption; • Cut and fill areas will be stabilized by constructing gentle slopes less prone to erosion. • Cut and fill areas are expected to be relatively small in horizontal and vertical extent. The side slopes of the borrow pits will be 1H:1V to 2H:1V, slightly gentler than natural slopes to reduce erosion; • In low-lying areas where roadbed fill is in the order of 1m and permafrost can be expected to rise to a meaningful degree, swales or culverts will be installed as part of road maintenance to prevent water ponding; • At closure, swales will be left in place, or alternatively, the road bed will be breached to allow drainage; • Borrow activities will be concentrated in few areas to limit the area of disturbance; • Thawed layers will be removed sequentially; • Areas of unexpected settlement will be filled to re-establish natural contours and eliminate water ponding; and • Borrow locations will be regularly inspected and unstable slopes regraded to eliminate depressions and re-establish natural drainage patterns.
Resource Extraction Extraction methods will depend on the nature of the material, equipment used, and extent and nature of the permafrost.
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Pits and quarries will not be excavated below the water table. If excavated material contains ground- ice, the material will be stored at a location in the pit where it can thaw and drain. Meltwater from such stockpiles must be treated for sediment control. Machinery and equipment used on the site will be serviced on a routine maintenance schedule to ensure proper operation and thus minimize emissions and noise. If fuel storage is required, fuel tanks must be double-walled and placed within a containment berm. A well-stocked spill response kit must be placed in the refuelling area. Vehicles must be equipped with spill response kits and drip trays. Used oil and fuel must not be stored at the pit/quarry sites. A spill contingency plan must be in place for each quarry site. This plan outlines the logical order of how operators should respond to spills, resources available onsite for spill response, and notification procedures.
Closure The abandonment of the Project works and site reclamation for the quarries and borrow pits will be undertaken at or before the close of the Project. The works will be integrated into the overall Project Abandonment and Reclamation Plan, although separate closure plans for each quarry and borrow pit will be required. Closure of the Project will involve removing construction materials, equipment and infrastructure and reclaiming the site to self-sustaining productive ecosystem near its original condition.
In addition to the measures described above, the general abandonment and reclamation plans include the following: • Dismantle and transport all fuel/chemical storage and handling infrastructure to an approved facility or for reuse where applicable; • Dismantle and remove all buildings and related infrastructure; . Any remaining concrete piles will be cut to below grade and covered with overburden. • Dismantle water and sewage treatment plants for reuse or disposal at an approved facility; • Remove all hazardous waste and explosives; • Regrade as necessary to establish safe slopes and restore the natural drainage to the area; and • Test soils and granular materials for hydrocarbon content; contaminated soils will be remediated.
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Annex – 10: Chance finds procedures
Contracts for civil works involving earth moving and excavation activities, especially in known archaeological and heritage areas, should normally incorporate procedures for dealing with situations in which buried PCRs are unexpectedly exposed.
Recognition of unknown PCRs – This is the most difficult aspect to cover, especially if the contractor is not full-time accompanied by a specialist. For SCDP contracts, an initial consultation with the Department of Archaeology should be held before work commencement to identify the likelihood of such material being uncovered, especially where trenching work is expected for pipe laying etc.
Upon discovery of such material during execution of work, the contractor should carry out the following; Immediately stop construction activities. With the approval of the resident engineer delineate the discovered site area. Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In case of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard should be present until the responsible authority takes over. Through the Resident Engineer, notify the responsible authorities, the Department of Archaeology and local authorities within 24 hours. Submit a brief chance find report, within a specified time period, with date and time of discovery, location of discovery, description of finding, estimated weight and dimension of PCR and temporary protection implemented. Responsible authorities would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on the proper procedures to be carried out. An evaluation of the finding will be performed by the Department of Archaeology who may decide to either remove the PCR deemed to be of significance, further excavate within a specified distance of the discovery point and conserve on-site, and/or extend/reduce the areas demarcated by the contractor etc. This should ideally take place within about 7 days. Construction work could resume only when permission is given from the Department of Archaeology after the decision concerning the safeguard of the heritage is fully executed.
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Annex – 11: Sri Lankan Environmental Pollution Control Standards
Emission Standards
Regulations The National Environmental (Ambient Air Quality) Regulations, 1994, published in Gazette Extraordinary, No. 850/4 of December, 1994 are hereby amended by the substitution for the Schedule to that regulation of the following :-
Emission Emission Pollutant Time Average Standards (µg/ m3) Standards (ppm) 1 hr 200 0.08 SO2 8 hrs 120 0.05 24 hrs 80 0.03 1 hr 250 0.13 NO2 8 hrs 150 0.08 24 hrs 100 0.05 1 hr 30000 26.00 CO 8 hrs 10000 9.00 anytime 58000 50.0 O3 1 hr 200 0.10 24 hrs 100 - PM 10 Annual 50 - 24 hrs 50 - PM 2.5 Annual 25 -
* Minimum number of observations required to determine the average over the specified period — 03 hour average - 03 consecutive hourly average 08 hour average - 08 hourly average 24 hour average - 18 hourly average Yearly average - 09 monthly average with at least 02 monthly average each quarter.
+ By using Chemicals or Automatic Analysers.
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Noise Level Regulations
Area LAeq' T - Day Time LAeq' T- Night Time Schedule I Low Noise 55 45 Medium Noise 63 50 High Noise 70 60 Silent Zone 50 45 Schedule III For Construction Activities 75 50 Schedule IV Rural Residential 55 45 Urban Residential 60 50 Noise Sensitive 50 45 Mix residential 63 55 Commercial 65 55 Industrial 70 60
ILO Standards of Noise Levels Noise level Maximum exposure (times (dB(A)) per day) 80 16 hours 85 8 hours 90 4 hours 95 2 hours 100 1 hour 105 1/2 hours 110 1/4 hours 115 1/8 hours
“day time” from 06.00 hours to 18.00 hrs,:
“night time” means from 18.00 to 06.00 hours
“Noise sensitive area” includes any area in which a courthouse, hospital, public library, school, zoo sacred area and areas set a part for recreation or environmental purposes are depicted in a noise zone map;
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Interim Vibration Standards
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Wastewater Discharge Standards
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Annex – 12: Factory Ordinance and ILO Guidelines
Factory ordinance can be downloaded from this link: http://www.employers.lk/factories-ordinance-i
SCDP - Environmental Management and Assessment Framework Guidelines
Health and Safety Guidelines Health and safety of workers and the public should be designed into constructions, before and during and after the building phase. It is cheaper and easier to control risks in construction to workers as well as the public before work starts on site by proper planning, training, site induction, worker consultation and incorporating strict safety procedures in construction plans. The proposed project interventions will mostly involve small to medium scale construction sites. As such, extreme dangers posed by working in environments such as great heights, deep water and involving dangerous chemicals and radioactive material will not be present. Potential dangers associated with SCDP sites will include falling from moderate heights, vehicle/pedestrian accidents, falling into trenches, being buried in tunnels/excavations, breathing dust and other air pollutants, back aches caused by handling heavy material, suffering hearing loss from noise etc and can be mitigated with following safety guidelines.
EA for each site should mandatorily include a risk assessment as to what are the hazards involved in the work site, who might be harmed and how seriously, how likely this harm might happen and what actions are required to eliminate or reduce the risk and incorporate such measures in the EMP and clearly set out in the tender documents. All sub-projects must observe health and safety regulations, hence during implementation it is important to check if these control measures are put in place and are meeting the legal requirement.
Training • Ensure constructors carry out suitable training programs on occupational health and safety for workers prior to commencement of construction. • Ensure only experienced and well trained workers are used for the handling of machinery, equipment and material processing plants • Ensure all persons, including managers, are trained and able to carry out their work without risk to the safety or health of themselves, other workers or the public
Personal Protective Equipment • Ensure appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing are provided to workers and that safe working methods are applied. A safety inspection checklist should be prepared taking into consideration what the workers are supposed to be wearing and monitored. splinters, should wear safety goggles at all time. These should be securely fitted to the face. Welders should protect the entire face from hot sparks and bright rays by using a welding mask. • Any person exposed to high levels of dust or hazardous gases (when working in tunnels) should wear respiratory protection in the form of disposal masks or respiratory masks which fit more snugly around the nose and mouth. • Any person working in an area where there is the risk of being struck on the head by a falling or flying object should wear a hard hat at all times. These should be well maintained in order to be fully effective, and any helmets or hard hats that are damaged or cracked should immediately be replaced. • All workers will be required to wear shoes or strong boots to prevent sharp objects from penetrating or crushing the foot. Those working in muddy conditions and in canals with polluted water should avoid hand/foot contact with water and should never wear slippers. • Road workers should wear reflective vests to avoid being hit by moving vehicular traffic.
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Site Delineation and Warning Signs • Ensure delineation devices such as cones, lights, tubular markers, orange and white strips and barricades are erected to inform oncoming vehicular traffic and pedestrians in the area about work zones. • Ensure all digging and installing work items that are not accomplished are isolated and warned of by signposts and flash lamps in nighttime. • Ensure dangerous warning signs are raised to inform public of particular dangers and to keep the public away from such hazards. • Ensure rehabilitation of trenches progressively once work is completed. • The safety inspection checklist must look to see that the delineation devices are used, whether they are appropriately positioned, if they are easily identifiable and whether they are reflective.
Equipment safety • Work zone workers use tools, equipment and machinery that could be dangerous if used incorrectly or if the equipment malfunctions Inspections must be carried out to test the equipment before it is used, so that worker safety can be secured. Inspections should look for evidence of wear and tear, frays, missing parts and mechanical or electrical problems.
Traffic management • Ensure traffic control plans and procedures are in place when work zone is set up and how to handle full or partial road closure, blocked intersections, sidewalk closure etc • Ensure installation of transport signs and lighting systems in conspicuous places to assure transport safety. Transport signs should be installed at places where accidents may be easily happened (populated centers, schools, hospitals, commercial areas etc)
Material management transported out of project site
Emergency Procedures • Ensure an emergency aid service is in place in the work zone. • Ensure all site staff is properly briefed as to what to do in the event of an emergency, such as who to notify and where to assemble for a head count. This information must be conveyed to employees by the site manager on the first occasion a worker visits the site.
Construction camps • Ensure installation of adequate construction camps and sanitation facilities for construction workers to control of transmission of infectious diseases.
Information management • Develop and establish contractor’s own procedure for receiving, documenting and addressing complaints that is easily accessible, culturally appropriate and understandable to affected communities.
• Provide advance notice to local communities by way of information boards about the schedule of construction activities.
Worker consultation • Consulting the workforce on health and safety measures is not only a legal requirement, it is an effective way to ensure that workers are committed to health and safety procedures and improvements. Employees should be consulted on health and safety measures and before the introduction of new technology or products.
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ILO Guidelines
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Annex – 13: WASTE MANAGEMENT GENERAL GUIDELINES
General requirements
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Priorities must be given for promoting source separation and sorted waste collection.
In the waste management plan priorities must be given on waste recycling and resource recovery and to reduce the amount of final disposal
The existing recommended colour code must be used for waste collecting bins and garbage bags. (Please see the Annexure A below)
When handling biodegradable waste and waste not containing any toxic contaminants priorities must be given for biological processing such as composting, anaerobic digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for stabilization of waste.
Land filling shall be encouraged to non-biodegradable, inert waste and other waste that are not suitable either for recycling or for biological processing.
Labour Ordinance, Factory Ordinance, other relevant regulations and guidelines stipulated by the Central Environmental Authority (CEA) approval procedures and relevant Local Authority approval procedures shall be followed. All designs shall comply with the requirements of relevant agencies. Operator should take adequate mitigatory measures to minimize possible pollution of air, water and soil.
Adequate training should be given to workers involved in solid waste management operations and operator should endeavour to involve trained workers as far as possible.
Any person wishing to operate a solid waste disposal (including transfer station, materials recovery, incineration, composting etc) shall provide to the CEA the following information and any further information as may be requested by the CEA for approval procedure.
A topographic map showing the location and boundaries of the proposed site and land use within one Kilometre radius of the proposed site
A clear lay out plan with appropriate scale showing full details of the proposed locations for different activities.
The capacity of the facility, all machineries and equipments to be used in the facility, operating hours, number of working days, number of workers for each activity.
The details of the operation flow diagram for the proposed facility, origin, composition, and expected weight or volume of solid waste to be accepted as well as the projected waste quantity expected in future years.
Legal requirement
If any of the solid waste management facilities mentioned hereinafter meets the requirement of the Gazette (Extra Ordinary) No. 772/22 of 24th June 1993 and the subsequent amendments, then it shall follow the Environmental Impact Assessment Process in order to obtain the environmental clearance.
The noise levels shall be maintained at the boundaries of the site as stipulated in the Gazette (Extra Ordinary) No. 924/12 dated 23rd May 1996.
Effluents or leachate quality should be monitored and treated to conform to the standards /tolerance limits as mentioned in the CEA guidelines.
Prior approval for the building plan needs to be obtained from the relevant Local Authority
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An environmental recommendation prior to initiate any activity and a permit for construction and operation of the facility shall be obtained from the CEA
Operational requirement
Authorized officer shall be on duty during operating and non-operating hours at the waste reception point to control unauthorized access. (This is not applicable in the case of Waste Collection System)
Any infectious waste or hazardous waste should not be accepted into the facility. A proper screening procedure or mechanism shall be established for preventing the solid waste from the infectious waste or hazardous waste that may be mixed.
Litter, insects, odour and vectors shall be controlled to prevent sanitary nuisance and unsightly appearance.
Adequate fire protection shall be installed and available at all times.
A contingency plan to cover the machine / vehicle breakdown or any operation interruptions and delay.
Attention should be given to collect and transport obnoxious waste separately as much as possible
Waste collection
Introduction
Waste collection is the act of picking up wastes at homes, businesses, institutions, commercial and industrial plants and other locations; loading them into a collection vehicle and hauling them to a facility for further processing or transfer to a disposal site. Collection of wastes is the one of the basic elements of any waste management system.
Collection of unseparated (commingled) and separated solid waste in an urban area is difficult and complex because the generation of wastes takes place in every house, every apartment building and commercial and individual facility as well as in the streets, parks, and even vacant areas. Therefore in any waste collection operation it is important to look into; types of waste collection services/systems, type of equipment to be used and associated labour requirements, collection routes etc.
Any person wishing to operate a waste collection system shall have the following information given under general requirements below.
General Requirements The waste collection areas and transport routes, the number and type of the collection vehicles to be used, frequency of waste collection and the schedule for collection and transport.
Design Requirements
Specifications of all machineries, equipment and vehicles to be used in the facility. Type, numbers, capacities shall be detailed.
Collection vehicles shall be fully covered and leachate collection box shall also be prepared to prevent littering and leachate spill during transportation.
Operational Requirements
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Heavily travelled roads should not be served or used during rush hours.
Any infectious waste or hazardous waste should not be accepted into the normal waste collection vehicles.
Daily records of the quantity of solid waste collected, the origin of waste, the quantity of solid waste transferred to disposal site, shall be maintained.
Annex A:
The Proposed Colour Codes for Garbage Bags
Green Colour - Organic Waste Blue Colour - Paper Red Colour - Glass Bottles Brown Colour - Metals / Coconut shells Orange Colour - Plastic & Polythene
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Annex b: Waste Management Best Practices Wast WasteMateri TradeContrac e als tor BEST PRACTICE type Packag e Waste Onsite Offsit Disposal Minimisatio Reuse/Recyclin e n g/Recovery Reuse/Recyclin Opportunitie g/Recovery Construction Retentions Useassecondar Segregateforre Landfillandcover ofconcrete yaggregateonsi processingandr Concrete onsitewhe te. euseasrecycled repossible secondary
. aggregate. t Construction Onlyorder Landfillandcover Iner Onlyorderwh Opportunitiest Segregatefor atisrequired.whatisreq oreuse‘cut’ma reprocessing Rubble uired. terialas‘fill’inp andreuseasr (hardcore) roposednoise ecycledseco
bund. ndary Construction Opportunitiest aggregate. Landfillandcover Soils/ oreuse‘cut’ma Greenwaste/ terialas‘fill’inp vegetation roposednoise Construction Useofstandar N/Abund. Segregatemate Landfill/incinerati dsizes.Arrang rialstomaximise on etakebackof potentialforrecy Mixedwaste unused cling. materialswitht hesupplier. Construction Madeto Segregatewa Landfill measure steandsendt , ometalrecycl Correctorderi er. ng,justintimed Metal elivery, storecorrectly . Arrangetake backofunuse Construction Avodmaterialsidover wi Re-use/ Landfill/incinerati -ththesupplier ordering. Recycleif on Provisiono. feasible. fsuitablest
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individuall ywrapped products.
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Returnpallett osupplierorus eplasticpallet s. Construction Avoidover Reuseonsitei Segregateandre Landfill - ordering. f cycletoreclaimp Arrangeta appropriate. lasticsandmetal Cable&wiring kebackofu s. nusedmate rialswithth Sitemanageme Printdoublesiesuppliers Reusepaper,cartri Segregateandrec Landfill nt. ded,senddoc. dges,plasticcups,t yclewhitepaper. umentselectr insandcardboard. Sendforcomposti GeneralOff onically, ng(foodwasteonl icewaste reusablecroc y). keryand cutlery. Construction Avoidov N/A Segregateandse Landfillandcover er- ndforrecycling. ordering, appropri Glass atestorag etoavoid accidents . Arranget Construction N/Aakebacko Re- Sendtodedicatedr Landfill funused useelsewhereonsi ecyclingfacilityfo WEEE materials te. rrecoveryand withthes recycling. Asbestos Construction N/Aupplier. N/A N/A Landfill Construction Avoidexcava Consideron- Treatmentatconta Landfill Contamina tionwhereun- sitetreatmentmet minatedland necessary. hods. hubs. ted land Construction Usesolventf Usealockable N/A Landfill reepaintstha COSHHcontaine tarenotdisp rfor storage. osedoffasha zardouswas te,maximise
dous Painttins,line useofmecha Hazar markers,mas nicalfittingr tic atherthanad hesives. Arrangetak ebackofunu sedmaterial swiththesup Construction N/Aplier. Re- Sendtodedicate Landfill useelsewhereon drecyclingfacil WEEE site. ityforrecoverya
nd recycling.
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Annex – 14: Terms of Reference for Recruitment of Safeguard Officer
The contractor through an appointment of dedicated / qualified environmental and social officer shall be responsible in implementation of ESMP requirement by a) Maintaining up-to-date records on actions taken by the contractor with regards to implementation of ESMP recommendations. b) Timely (weekly) submission of reports, information and data to the Project Management Unit (PMU) / Deputy Project Director (Technical) of SCDP through Supervision consultant (SC). c) Participating in the meetings conveyed by the Engineer and d) Any other assistance requested by the Engineer.
The Safeguard Officer will be the primary focalpoint of contact for the assistance with all environmental and social issues during the pre-construction and construction phases. He/ She shall be responsible for ensuring the implementation of Environment and Social Management Plan. The appointed officer should be available on the site fulltime basis during the project period. In addition, Safeguard Officer should prepare an Environmental and Social Action Plan in line with Environment and Social Management Plan and submit to the Engineer along with construction method statements.
The Safeguard Officer will promptly investigate and review environmental and social related complaints and implement the appropriate corrective actions to arrest or mitigate the cause of the complaints as specified in the Grievance Redress Mechanism under the Social Management Framework of SCDP. A register of all complaints is to be passed to the Engineer within 24 hrs they are received, with the action taken by the Safeguard Officer on complains thereof. In addition, Safeguard Officer required to perform following tasks as well;
1. Participation for the periodic Grievance Redress Committee Meetings at Village Level, Local and PMU Level 2. Coordinate and liaise with Local PMU at Galle related environmental and social activities 3. Support and coordinate with PMU Environmental and Social Safeguard team in carrying out the monitoring assessments such as baseline surveys, progress review, mid-term review, etc 4. Take actions to mainstream project activities during the period 5. Identify the potential environment and social safeguards issues in accordance provided EMP/RAP/SSR/EMF/SMF
Qualifications required
Safeguard Officer preferably possessing a Bachelor Degree with minimum of 3 years experiences in the relevant field or minimum of eight (8) years of experiences in the similar capacity. Preferably, experience in specific project related works is required. It is essential to have both Sinhala & English language ability (speaking) and Computer Knowledge of MS Office.
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