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The Helsinki Treaty The Helsinki Treaty Treaty of Co-operation between Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden The Helsinki Treaty Treaty of Co-operation between Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden ANP 2018:746 ISBN 978-92-893-5833-0 (PDF) http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/ANP2018-746 All language versions of the Helsinki Treaty are combined in the Swedish version (2018:717). © Nordic Council of Ministers and Nordic Council 2018 Nordic co-operation Nordic co-operation is one of the world’s most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Åland. Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an im-portant role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic co-operation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Shared Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world’s most innovative and competitive. Nordic Council of Ministers Nordens Hus Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen www.norden.org Download and order Nordic publications from www.norden.org/nordpub Foto: Magnus Fröderberg/Norden.org PHOTO: NORDEN.ORG, MAGNUS FRÖDERBERG 3 The Helsinki Treaty Treaty of Co-operation between Denmark, desiring to strengthen and expand the Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden institutional foundations for co-operation (the Helsinki Treaty). between the Nordic countries; This Treaty was signed on 23 March considering it appropriate for 1962 and entered into force on 1 July 1962. this purpose to amend the Treaty of Co- The original text has been amended by operation of 23 March 1962 between Agreements that were signed on 13 Feb- the Nordic countries; ruary 1971, 11 March 1974, 15 June 1983, having resolved therefore to include in 6 May 1985, 21 August 1991, 18 March the Treaty of Co-operation the fundamental 1993, and 29 September 1995. The most provisions regarding the Nordic Council; and recent amendments entered into force on having resolved further to include in the 2 January 1996. Treaty of Co-operation provisions regarding a Nordic Council of Ministers, with competence in the whole field of Nordic co-operation, have agreed as follows: Preamble to the Treaty of 23 March 1962 Preamble to the Agreement of The Governments of Denmark, Finland, 11 March 1974 Iceland, Norway and Sweden, The Governments of Denmark, Finland, desiring to promote and strengthen the Iceland, Norway and Sweden, close ties existing between the Nordic peoples having amended the Treaty of Co- in matters of culture, and of legal and social operation between the Nordic countries of philosophy, and to extend the scale of co- 23 March 1962 by the Agreement of operation between the Nordic countries; 13 February 1971; and desiring to attain uniformity of regulation considering it appropriate to make throughout the Nordic countries in as many certain further amendments and additions respects as possible; to the Treaty, desiring to achieve, where possible, have agreed as follows: an appropriate division of labour between the Nordic countries in all those fields; and Preamble to the Agreement of desiring to continue the co-operative 15 June 1983 efforts of significance to the Nordic countries The Governments of Denmark, Finland, that take place within the Nordic Council and Iceland, Norway and Sweden, other co-operative agencies, having amended the Treaty of Co- have agreed to the following provisions: operation between the Nordic countries of 23 March 1962 by the Agreements of 13 Preamble to the Agreement of February 1971 and of 11 March 1974; and 13 February 1971 considering it appropriate to make certain The Governments of Denmark, Finland, amendments to the Treaty in order to provide Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the Faeroe Islands and the Åland Islands with English a greater measure of representation on the Nordic countries in the process of European Nordic Council and on the Nordic Council of co-operation, Ministers, as well as to give Greenland the same have agreed as follows: measure of representation on these bodies, have agreed as follows: Preamble to the Agreement of 29 September 1995 Preamble to the Agreement of The Governments of Denmark, Finland, 6 May 1985 Iceland, Norway and Sweden, The Governments of Denmark, Finland, having amended the Treaty of Co- Iceland, Norway and Sweden, operation between the Nordic countries of having amended the Treaty of Co- 23 March 1962 by the Agreements of operation between the Nordic countries 13 February 1971, of 11 March 1974, of of 23 March 1962 by the Agreements of 15 June 1983, of 6 May 1985, of 21 August 13 February 1971, of 11 March 1974 and 1991, and of 18 March 1993; and of 15 June 1983; and wishing further to renew and expand wishing to make more effective co-operation between the Nordic countries in the workings of co-operation between the light of the greater participation by the the Nordic countries, Nordic countries in the process of European have agreed as follows: co-operation, have agreed as follows: Preamble to the Agreement of 21 August 1991 Introductory Provision The Governments of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, Article 1 (1,8) having amended the Treaty of Co- The High Contracting Parties shall endea- operation between the Nordic countries of vour to maintain and develop further co- 23 March 1962 by the Agreements of 13 Feb- operation between the Nordic countries in ruary 1971, of 11 March 1974, of 15 June the legal, cultural, social and economic fields, 1983 and of 6 May 1985; and as well as in those of transport and communi- considering it appropriate to make certain cations and environmental protection. amendments to the organisation and working The High Contracting Parties should hold methods of the Nordic Council, joint consultations on matters of common have agreed as follows: interest which are dealt with by European and other international organisations and Preamble to the Agreement of conferences. 18 March 1993 The Governments of Denmark, Finland, Legal Co-operation Iceland, Norway and Sweden, having amended the Treaty of Co- Article 2 (9) operation between the Nordic countries of In the drafting of laws and regulations in any 23 March 1962 by the Agreements of 13 Feb- of the Nordic countries, citizens of all the other ruary 1971, of 11 March 1974, of 15 June 1983, Nordic countries shall be treated equally with of 6 May 1985 and of 21 August 1991; and the citizens of the aforementioned country. wishing to renew and expand co- This shall apply within all those areas falling operation between the Nordic countries in within the jurisdiction of the Treaty of Co- the light of the greater participation by the operation. 5 Exceptions to the first paragraph may, Cultural Co-operation however, be made if a requirement of citi- zenship is constitutionally stipulated, or is Article 8 (2) necessary because of other international Educational provision in the schools of each of obligations or is otherwise deemed necessary the Nordic countries shall include an appro- for particular reasons. priate measure of instruction in the languages, cultures and general social conditions of the Article 3 other Nordic countries, including the Faeroe The High Contracting Parties shall endeavour Islands, Greenland and the Åland Islands. to facilitate the acquisition by citizens of one Nordic country of citizenship in another Nordic Article 9 country. Each High Contracting Party should maintain and extend the range of opportunities for Article 4 students from other Nordic countries to pursue The High Contracting Parties shall continue courses of study and sit examinations at its their co-operation in the field of law with educational establishments. A student should the aim of attaining the greatest possible be permitted to count part of an examination uniformity in the field of private law. passed in one Nordic country towards a final examination taken in another Nordic country, Article 5 whenever it is realistic. The High Contracting Parties should seek to It should be possible for students to establish uniform rules relating to criminal receive financial assistance from their home offences and the penalties for such offences. countries, irrespective of the country in which With regard to criminal offences com- their studies are being pursued. mitted in one of the Nordic countries, it shall, as far as circumstances allow, be possible Article 10 to investigate and prosecute the offence in The High Contracting Parties should co- another Nordic country. ordinate that part of the public education system that provides qualifications for certain Article 6 occupations and professions. The High Contracting Parties shall seek to The qualifications provided by such edu- achieve a co-ordination of legislation in such cation should, as far as possible, be recog- areas, other than the aforementioned, as are nised and accepted in all the Nordic coun- considered appropriate. tries. Requirements relating to supplementary education and training necessitated by Article 7 national conditions may, however, be pre- Each High Contracting Party should endeavour scribed. to ensure the implementation of regulations to allow decisions by a court of law or other public Article 11 authority in another Nordic country to be In those areas where co-operation is appro- executed also in the territory of the said Party. priate, the expansion of educational establish- ments should be co-ordinated through a con- tinuous process of co-operation with regard to the planning and execution of such expansion. English Article 12 Article 17 Co-operation in the field of research should be Each of the High Contracting Parties shall so organised that research grants and other endeavour to ensure that safety controls of a resources are co-ordinated and used in the medical, technical or similar nature are executed best possible way, including the establishment in such a way that the authorisation or certifica- of joint institutions.
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