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Banhu Playing Techniques in Northern China Yun Meng a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for Degree of Doct

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Banhu Playing Techniques in Northern China Yun Meng a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for Degree of Doct Banhu Playing Techniques in Northern China Yun Meng A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music February 2021 Copyright of Mahasarakham University เทคนิคการบรรเลงของซอบา่ นหู ในภาคเหนือ ของประเทศจีน วิทยานิพนธ์ ของ Yun Meng เสนอต่อมหาวทิ ยาลยั มหาสารคาม เพื่อเป็นส่วนหน่ึงของการศึกษาตามหลกั สูตร ปริญญาปรัชญาดุษฎีบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาดุริยางคศิลป์ กุมภาพันธ์ 2564 ลิขสิทธ์ิเป็นของมหาวทิ ยาลยั มหาสารคาม Banhu Playing Techniques in Northern China Yun Meng A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for Doctor of Philosophy (Music) February 2021 Copyright of Mahasarakham University The examining committee has unanimously approved this Thesis, submitted by Mr. Yun Meng , as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Music at Mahasarakham University Examining Committee Chairman (Assoc. Prof. Wiboon Trakulhun , Ph.D.) Advisor (Asst. Prof. Sayam Juangprakhon , Ph.D.) Committee (Asst. Prof. Peerapong Sensai , Ph.D.) Committee (Asst. Prof. Khomkrit Karin , Ph.D.) Committee (Assoc. Prof. Phiphat Sornyai ) Mahasarakham University has granted approval to accept this Thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Music (Asst. Prof. Khomkrit Karin , Ph.D.) (Assoc. Prof. Krit Chaimoon , Ph.D.) Dean of College of Music Dean of Graduate School D ABSTRACT TITLE Banhu Playing Techniques in Northern China AUTHOR Yun Meng ADVISORS Assistant Professor Sayam Juangprakhon , Ph.D. DEGREE Doctor of Philosophy MAJOR Music UNIVERSITY Mahasarakham University YEAR 2021 ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to study the technique and application of Banhu. The purposes of this study are: 1) to examine the history of Banhu in northern China; 2) to classify banhu according to the difficulty of his playing skills; 3) to analyze selected music examples. This paper is a qualitative study, including relevant literature research, investigation, observation and interview. Data were collected from a field survey of one Banhu player, two banhu performance educators, and two enthusiasts. By means of field investigation, this paper analyzes the data collected by Banhu educationists and performing artists. The results of this dissertation are as follows: 1) the collection of data is used to collate and analyze the history of Banhu, including: the structure, sound, function, performance place and musical characteristics of different periods; 2) the difficulty of banhu techniques are used to summarize the classification of the technique. Banhu playing techniques fall into three categories: general, stylistic, and modern. 3) how to use banhu technique in music works through music examples. Keyword : Banhu, Technology, North China E ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been accomplished if without the help from several people. First of all, I would like to thank Mahasarakham University for providing me with this rare learning opportunity and the good learning atmosphere of the Conservatory of Music. Such a learning environment will help me improve my professional level. During my Ph.D. study, I was fortunate to have met many Thai friends here. Thank them for their support and help. I will always remember you. I am thankful to my adviser Assist.Prof.Dr. Sayam Juangprakhon, He brought me a lot of new knowledge, enriched my research horizons, and further improved my major. I am very grateful to my family. They have always encouraged me to study music and they have helped me a lot in the process of learning. Finally, I would like to extend my gratitude to every one for the hard work. Yun Meng TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... D ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................. E TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................. F LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................... H LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... I CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 1. Statement of the Problem ......................................................................................................... 1 2. Research Objectives ................................................................................................................. 3 3. Research Questions .................................................................................................................. 3 4. Importance of Research ............................................................................................................ 3 5. Definition of Terms ................................................................................................................. 3 6 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................................. 4 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................... 5 1.Northern China .......................................................................................................................... 5 2. General knowledge about banhu. ............................................................................................. 3 3. Qualitative research .................................................................................................................. 9 4. Musicology theory .................................................................................................................... 9 5. Western music theory ............................................................................................................. 11 6. Related literature .................................................................................................................... 12 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS ....................................................................................... 15 1. research scope ........................................................................................................................ 15 G 2. Research Process .................................................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER IV To investigate history of aspect of Banhu fidder .................................................... 22 1. Banhu's three stages of history ............................................................................................... 22 2. Banhu 's three stages of history in Musical period ................................................................. 30 CHAPTER V To analyze banhu techniques playing ...................................................................... 53 1. Basic techniques ..................................................................................................................... 54 2. Stylized techniques ................................................................................................................. 62 3. Modern techniques ................................................................................................................. 64 4. The difference in technique of the three criterias ................................................................... 65 CHAPTER VI To analyze banhu selected composition ................................................................. 70 1. Entry-level composition，“yue ya wu geng”as an example. ............................................... 70 2. Playing special notes .............................................................................................................. 73 3. High-level composition .......................................................................................................... 83 CHAPTER VII ................................................................................................................................ 95 1. Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 95 2. Suggestion .............................................................................................................................. 96 3. Suggestion .............................................................................................................................. 97 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 98 BIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................. 99 LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1 Banhu's three stages of history ......................................................................................... 23 Table 2 list of composition............................................................................................................ 35 Table 3 The list of composition. ................................................................................................... 41 Table 4 The list of composition ....................................................................................................
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