Flashrunner Programmer's Manual
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Reconfigurable Embedded Control Systems: Problems and Solutions
RECONFIGURABLE EMBEDDED CONTROL SYSTEMS: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS By Dr.rer.nat.Habil. Mohamed Khalgui ⃝c Copyright by Dr.rer.nat.Habil. Mohamed Khalgui, 2012 v Martin Luther University, Germany Research Manuscript for Habilitation Diploma in Computer Science 1. Reviewer: Prof.Dr. Hans-Michael Hanisch, Martin Luther University, Germany, 2. Reviewer: Prof.Dr. Georg Frey, Saarland University, Germany, 3. Reviewer: Prof.Dr. Wolf Zimmermann, Martin Luther University, Germany, Day of the defense: Monday January 23rd 2012, Table of Contents Table of Contents vi English Abstract x German Abstract xi English Keywords xii German Keywords xiii Acknowledgements xiv Dedicate xv 1 General Introduction 1 2 Embedded Architectures: Overview on Hardware and Operating Systems 3 2.1 Embedded Hardware Components . 3 2.1.1 Microcontrollers . 3 2.1.2 Digital Signal Processors (DSP): . 4 2.1.3 System on Chip (SoC): . 5 2.1.4 Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC): . 6 2.2 Real-Time Embedded Operating Systems (RTOS) . 8 2.2.1 QNX . 9 2.2.2 RTLinux . 9 2.2.3 VxWorks . 9 2.2.4 Windows CE . 10 2.3 Known Embedded Software Solutions . 11 2.3.1 Simple Control Loop . 12 2.3.2 Interrupt Controlled System . 12 2.3.3 Cooperative Multitasking . 12 2.3.4 Preemptive Multitasking or Multi-Threading . 12 2.3.5 Microkernels . 13 2.3.6 Monolithic Kernels . 13 2.3.7 Additional Software Components: . 13 2.4 Conclusion . 14 3 Embedded Systems: Overview on Software Components 15 3.1 Basic Concepts of Components . 15 3.2 Architecture Description Languages . 17 3.2.1 Acme Language . -
Architecture of 8051 & Their Pin Details
SESHASAYEE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ARIYAMANGALAM , TRICHY – 620 010 ARCHITECTURE OF 8051 & THEIR PIN DETAILS UNIT I WELCOME ARCHITECTURE OF 8051 & THEIR PIN DETAILS U1.1 : Introduction to microprocessor & microcontroller : Architecture of 8085 -Functions of each block. Comparison of Microprocessor & Microcontroller - Features of microcontroller -Advantages of microcontroller -Applications Of microcontroller -Manufactures of microcontroller. U1.2 : Architecture of 8051 : Block diagram of Microcontroller – Functions of each block. Pin details of 8051 -Oscillator and Clock -Clock Cycle -State - Machine Cycle -Instruction cycle –Reset - Power on Reset - Special function registers :Program Counter -PSW register -Stack - I/O Ports . U1.3 : Memory Organisation & I/O port configuration: ROM RAM - Memory Organization of 8051,Interfacing external memory to 8051 Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors 1. CPU for Computers 1. A smaller computer 2. No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip 2. On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O itself ports... 3. Example:Intel’s x86, Motorola’s 3. Example:Motorola’s 6811, 680x0 Intel’s 8051, Zilog’s Z8 and PIC Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors Microprocessor Microcontroller 1. CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate 1. CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single 2. designer can decide on the chip amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports. 2. fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports 3. expansive 3. for applications in which 4. versatility cost, power and space are 5. general-purpose critical 4. single-purpose uP vs. uC – cont. Applications – uCs are suitable to control of I/O devices in designs requiring a minimum component – uPs are suitable to processing information in computer systems. -
MEK6800D2 Manual 2Ed 1977.Pdf
MOTOROLA Semiconductor Products Inc. MEK6800D2 MANUAL Circuit diagrams external to Motorola products are included as a means of illustrating typical Microprocessor applications; consequently, complete information sufficient for construction purposes is not necessarily given. The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. Furthermore, such information does not convey to the purchaser of the semiconductor devices described any license under the patent rights of Motorola Inc. or others. Motorola reserves the right to change specifications without notice. EXORciser, JBUG and MINlbug are trademarks of Motorola Inc. Second Edition © MOTOROLA INC., 1977 First Edition © 1976 "All Rights Reserved" Printed in U.S.A. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1-1 General Description and Capability . 1-1 1-2 Preparation for Use . 1-4 1-2.1 Construction Hints ..................................................... 1-5 1-3 Start-up Procedure . 1-6 1-4 Operating Procedures . 1-6 1-4.1 Memory Examine and Change ............................................ 1-7 1-4.2 Escape (Abort) ........................................................ 1-7 1-4.3 Register Display ....................................................... 1-7 1-4.4 Go to User Program .................................................... 1-9 1-4.5 Punch from Memory to Tape ............................................. 1-9 1-4.6 Load from Tape to Memory ............................................. -
Freescale.Com
MC9S08QE32 MC9S08QE16 Reference Manual Related Documentation: HCS08 Microcontrollers • MC9S08QE32 (Data Sheet) Contains pin assignments and diagrams, all electrical specifications, and mechanical drawing outlines. Find the most current versions of all documents at: http://www.freescale.com MC9S08QE32RM Rev. 3 9/2011 freescale.com MC9S08QE32 Features Features – ACMPx — Two analog comparators with selectable interrupt • 8-Bit HCS08 Central Processor Unit (CPU) on rising, falling, or either edge of comparator output; – Up to 50.33 MHz HCS08 CPU at 3.6V to 2.4V, 40 MHz CPU compare option to fixed internal bandgap reference voltage; at 2.4 V to 2.1 V and 20 MHz CPU at 2.1 V to 1.8 V across outputs can be optionally routed to TPM module; operation in temperature range of –40 °C to 85 °C stop3 – HC08 instruction set with added BGND instruction – SCIx — Two serial communications interface modules with – Support for up to 32 interrupt/reset sources optional 13-bit break; full duplex non-return to zero (NRZ); •On-Chip Memory LIN master extended break generation; LIN slave extended – Flash read/program/erase over full operating voltage and break detection; wake up on active edge temperature – SPI — One serial peripheral interface; full-duplex or – Random-access memory (RAM) single-wire bidirectional; double-buffered transmit and – Security circuitry to prevent unauthorized access to RAM and receive; master or slave mode; MSB-first or LSB-first shifting flash contents – IIC — One IIC; up to 100 kbps with maximum bus loading; • Power-Saving Modes multi-master -
An Introduction to Openvg™ FTF-AUT-F0465
An Introduction to OpenVG™ FTF-AUT-F0465 Oliver Tian | Auto FAE M A Y . 2 0 1 4 TM External Use Agenda • Trend of Graphics in Vehicle • Roadmap of Cluster • Introduction of Rainbow/Vybrid • OpenVG Scenario • Development Ecosystem • Conclusion TM External Use 1 Trend of Graphics in Vehicle TM External Use 2 The Connected Vehicle Infotainment + Communication + Security • Consumer electronics trends are dictating features in the car • Always connected, applications driven, advanced graphics • Infotainment systems becoming battleground for Auto differentiation • As more connected systems get introduced into the vehicle, the need for security is critical − Increasing external communication features (Bluetooth, TPMS, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, etc). − Future interface for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure. TM External Use 3 Mobility for Everyone Affordable Solutions for Emerging Markets • 100M vehicles annually forecasted before 2020, on top of motorcycle & e-bike growth • 80% of quantity growth after 2015 happening in emerging markets • Safety and emissions reduction are key for a sustainable development Source: IHS Automotive, February 2014 TM External Use 4 More, More, More for Less, Less, Less More performance, more embedded memory, more safety for less cost, less power and less development effort More • Electronic complexity • ECUs per car (50+) • MCUs per car (100+) • In-car Wi-Fi ® (7.2Mbps and 3.7Bpcs by 2017) iSuppli Less Reuse • Other markets have less critical applications • Some automotive specific challenges TM External Use 5 Today’s Car • Complex computerized control − Millions of lines of code, from multiple vendors − Dozens of distinct ECUs, from multiple vendors • Shared internal networking (e.g., CAN, FlexRay) − Increasing external communications features . -
Medidor Online De Temperatura Y Humedad De Bajo Consumo
Medidor online de temperatura y humedad de bajo consumo Estudiante: Jesús Santiago Fernández Prieto “Ingeniería Técnica de Informática de Sistemas” Consultor: Jordi Bécares Ferrés 11 de Junio de 2013 When I read commentary about suggestions for where C should go, I often think back and give thanks that it wasn't developed under the advice of a worldwide crowd. (D. Ritchie) A mi familia, novia y amigos. 2 Resumen Para este proyecto se ha diseñado un dispositivo con capacidad de conexión a Internet a través de un punto de acceso WIFI para el envío de datos y alertar en caso de posibles temperaturas y humedades críticas, definidas con un valor mínimo y un máximo. El diseño de este dispositivo se ha hecho teniendo en cuenta el reducir el consumo de energía para maximizar autonomía. El dispositivo está basado en una mota LPC1769 que posee un procesador Cortex-M3 de ARM el cual ejecuta nuestro programa desarrollado. Este programa hace uso del sistema operativo FreeRTOS (Free Real Time Operating System) que facilitará y nos asegurará estabilidad. La mota llevará conectada un chip WiFly que se usará para poder conectarnos por WiFi al punto de acceso. Cuenta además con un sensor SHT15 que permite, a la mota, tomar las mediciones de temperatura y humedad relativa. Estos serán posteriormente enviados al servidor. En caso de que en alguno de esos valores esté fuera del rango de seguridad se avisará al usuario a través de dos leds conectados también a la mota. Se le puede configurar una dirección de correo electrónico donde se enviarán alertas para enviar un correo al usuario advirtiéndole de un posible problema. -
Extracting and Mapping Industry 4.0 Technologies Using Wikipedia
Computers in Industry 100 (2018) 244–257 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Computers in Industry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/compind Extracting and mapping industry 4.0 technologies using wikipedia T ⁎ Filippo Chiarelloa, , Leonello Trivellib, Andrea Bonaccorsia, Gualtiero Fantonic a Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 2, 56126 Pisa, Italy b Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Via Cosimo Ridolfi, 10, 56124 Pisa, Italy c Department of Mechanical, Nuclear and Production Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 2, 56126 Pisa, Italy ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The explosion of the interest in the industry 4.0 generated a hype on both academia and business: the former is Industry 4.0 attracted for the opportunities given by the emergence of such a new field, the latter is pulled by incentives and Digital industry national investment plans. The Industry 4.0 technological field is not new but it is highly heterogeneous (actually Industrial IoT it is the aggregation point of more than 30 different fields of the technology). For this reason, many stakeholders Big data feel uncomfortable since they do not master the whole set of technologies, they manifested a lack of knowledge Digital currency and problems of communication with other domains. Programming languages Computing Actually such problem is twofold, on one side a common vocabulary that helps domain experts to have a Embedded systems mutual understanding is missing Riel et al. [1], on the other side, an overall standardization effort would be IoT beneficial to integrate existing terminologies in a reference architecture for the Industry 4.0 paradigm Smit et al. -
Beyond Bits Motor Control Edition
BeyondBitsIssue 8 MOTOR CONTROL EDITION Motor Control Introducing Motor Control Motor control and motor drive solutions With a rich history of innovation in motor control, Freescale is dedicated to continue our commitment to understand and solve the current roadblocks developers face with a comprehensive portfolio of solutions. The latest edition of Beyond Bits captures the attention of both novice and advanced motor control developers looking to: • Reduce development time by jump starting their effort with reference designs, application notes and a global support team • Increase power efficiency by using the most advanced control techniques available through differentiated hardware platforms and peripherals, motor control libraries, and unique tools to optimize these systems • Decrease system costs via a best-in-class portfolio of high-performance, low-power MCUs capable of very flexible, innovative control implementations • Comply with safety and energy mandates via complimentary libraries and advanced algorithms Beyond Bits provides a brief glimpse into the breadth and scope of the Freescale motor control portfolio, much of it unique and built over decades of research and development. We discuss the advantages of different motor types and the methods of control, followed by a portfolio overview and a helpful selection guide. Next, we provide application examples and techniques we’ve implemented using our solutions, and we close with our software and development tools offerings. Solutions such as reference designs, application notes, software, tools and MCU families are listed at the end of each article to help you get started right away on your next design. Freescale continues to partner with innovators to make motors quieter, more efficient, smaller and to reduce mechanical vibration, and hopefully we can help you make them even smarter. -
Lecture #3 PIC Microcontrollers
Integrated Technical Education Cluster Banna - At AlAmeeria © Ahmad © Ahmad El E-626-A Real-Time Embedded Systems (RTES) Lecture #3 PIC Microcontrollers Instructor: 2015 SPRING Dr. Ahmad El-Banna Banna Agenda - What’s a Microcontroller? © Ahmad El Types of Microcontrollers Features and Internal structure of PIC 16F877A RTES, Lec#3 , Spring Lec#3 , 2015 RTES, Instruction Execution 2 Banna What is a microcontroller? - • A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated µC, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit © Ahmad El containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. • It can only perform simple/specific tasks. • A microcontroller is often described as a ‘computer-on-a- chip’. RTES, Lec#3 , Spring Lec#3 , 2015 RTES, 3 Microcomputer system and Microcontroller Banna based system - © Ahmad © Ahmad El RTES, Lec#3 , Spring Lec#3 , 2015 RTES, 4 Banna Microcontrollers.. - • Microcontrollers are purchased ‘blank’ and then programmed with a specific control program. © Ahmad El • Once programmed the microcontroller is build into a product to make the product more intelligent and easier to use. • A designer will use a Microcontroller to: • Gather input from various sensors • Process this input into a set of actions • Use the output mechanisms on the microcontroller to do something useful. RTES, Lec#3 , Spring Lec#3 , 2015 RTES, 5 Banna Types of Microcontrollers - • Parallax Propeller • Freescale 68HC11 (8-bit) • Intel 8051 © Ahmad El • Silicon Laboratories Pipelined 8051 Microcontrollers • ARM processors (from many vendors) using ARM7 or Cortex-M3 cores are generally microcontrollers • STMicroelectronics STM8 (8-bit), ST10 (16-bit) and STM32 (32-bit) • Atmel AVR (8-bit), AVR32 (32-bit), and AT91SAM (32-bit) • Freescale ColdFire (32-bit) and S08 (8-bit) • Hitachi H8, Hitachi SuperH (32-bit) • Hyperstone E1/E2 (32-bit, First full integration of RISC and DSP on one processor core [1996]) • Infineon Microcontroller: 8, 16, 32 Bit microcontrollers for Spring Lec#3 , 2015 RTES, automotive and industrial applications. -
SDCC Compiler User Guide
SDCC Compiler User Guide SDCC 3.7.1 $Date:: 2018-02-28 #$ $Revision: 10247 $ Contents 1 Introduction 6 1.1 About SDCC.............................................6 1.2 SDCC Suite Licenses.........................................7 1.3 Documentation............................................8 1.4 Typographic conventions.......................................8 1.5 Compatibility with previous versions.................................8 1.6 System Requirements......................................... 10 1.7 Other Resources............................................ 10 2 Installing SDCC 11 2.1 Configure Options........................................... 11 2.2 Install paths.............................................. 13 2.3 Search Paths.............................................. 14 2.4 Building SDCC............................................ 16 2.4.1 Building SDCC on Linux.................................. 16 2.4.2 Building SDCC on Mac OS X................................ 17 2.4.3 Cross compiling SDCC on Linux for Windows....................... 17 2.4.4 Building SDCC using Cygwin and Mingw32........................ 17 2.4.5 Building SDCC Using Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 (MSVC)................ 18 2.4.6 Windows Install Using a ZIP Package............................ 19 2.4.7 Windows Install Using the Setup Program.......................... 19 2.4.8 VPATH feature........................................ 19 2.5 Building the Documentation..................................... 20 2.6 Reading the Documentation.................................... -
Freescale Embedded Solutions Based on ARM Technology Guide
Embedded Solutions Based on ARM Technology Kinetis MCUs MAC5xxx MCUs i.MX applications processors QorIQ communications processors Vybrid controller solutions freescale.com/ARM ii Freescale Embedded Solutions Based on ARM Technology Table of Contents ARM Solutions Portfolio 2 i.MX Applications Processors 18 i.MX 6 series applications processors 20 Freescale Embedded Solutions Chart 4 i.MX53 applications processors 22 i.MX28 applications processors 23 Kinetis MCUs 6 Kinetis K series MCUs 7 i.MX and QorIQ Kinetis L series MCUs 9 Processor Comparison 24 Kinetis E series MCUs 11 Kinetis V series MCUs 12 Kinetis M series MCUs 13 QorIQ Communications Kinetis W series MCUs 14 Processors 25 Kinetis EA series MCUs 15 QorIQ LS1 family 26 QorIQ LS2 family 29 MAC5xxx MCUs 16 MAC57D5xx MCUs 17 Vybrid Controller Solutions 31 Vybrid VF3xx family 33 Vybrid VF5xx family 34 Vybrid VF6xx family 35 Design Resources 36 Freescale Enablement Solutions 37 Freescale Connect Partner Enablement Solutions 51 freescale.com/ARM 1 Scalable. Innovative. Leading. Your Number One Choice for ARM Solutions Freescale is the leader in embedded control, offering the market’s broadest and best-enabled portfolio of solutions based on ARM® technology. Our end-to-end portfolio of high-performance, power-efficient MCUs and digital networking processors help realize the potential of the Internet of Things, reflecting our unique ability to deliver scalable, systems- focused processing and connectivity. Our large ARM-powered portfolio includes enablement (software and tool) bundles scalable MCU and MPU families from small from Freescale and the extensive ARM ultra-low-power Kinetis MCUs to i.MX ecosystem. -
1999 Embedded Systems Programming Subscriber Study
A complete CMP embedded package 1999 Embedded Systems Programming Subscriber Study Mailed out 1,500 returned undeliverable 45 Base 1,455 returned unusable 17 returned usable 410 Total returned 427 Total preliminary report response rate: 29.3% (Conducted by Wilson Research Group) 1999 ESP Subscriber Study Survey Coverage • Programming Languages & • RTOSes/Kernals Host Operating Systems • Compilers • MCUs/Embedded MPUs • Software Debuggers • DSPs • Software Configuration • Memories Management Tools • Software Protocols/Stacks • Single Board Computers • Web Products/Tools • Intellectual Property • In-Circuit Emulators • FPGAs/CPLDs • Logic Analyzers • HW/SW Co-Design • Oscilloscopes • Embedded Systems Work • Device programmers Environments 160+ Questions Market & Mind Share Programming Language Trends 1997 1998 1999 C 80.7% 81.4% 79.0% Assembly 70.4% 70.1% 61.0% C ++ 35.9% 39.4% 46.6% Visual Basic 13.0% 16.2% 14.4% Pascal 4.2% 2.6% 2.0% Ada 6.4% 4.9% 6.1% Java 6.1% 7.0% 9.3% HDL / VHDL 6.1% 5.2% 6.6% Basic 12.5% 9.3% 8.5% Forth 3.4% 2.3% 2.2% eC++ - - .7% Base: 409 1997 345 1998 1997- 1999 ESP Subscriber Studies 410 1999 Have you used an object-oriented methodology for your embedded designs in the last 12 months? Yes…………………. 47.3% Are you considering an object-oriented methodology in the next 12 months? Yes…………………. 69.0% Base: 410 1999 ESP Subscriber Study Which of the following object-oriented programming methodologies have you used for your embedded designs? OMT/UML 44.8% Booch 31.4% Shlaer-Mellor 16.5% SDL 5.7% ROOM 2.1% S/ART 1.0% Base: