DOCSLIB.ORG

IS200C-A Service Manual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IS200C-A Service Manual D11192 Rev G 4/13/16 Contents TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................... 34 Issues with Vehicle Raising/Pump .............................. 34 CONTENTS ....................................................................... 2 Issues with Vehicle Lowering/Dump Valve ................. 34 INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 3 Issues with One Corner Not Leveling Properly .......... 35 SUSPENSION RATING ........................................................ 3 Issues with Height Sensors ......................................... 35 SERIAL NUMBER TAG INFORMATION ................................ 3 Issues with Ride/Handling .......................................... 35 VEHICLE TOWING AND JACKING INFORMATION ............... 3 Issues with Steering Sensor ........................................ 35 Issues with Vehicle Speed Signal ................................ 36 HYDRAULIC FITTING ASSEMBLY ............................ 4 Issues with Vehicle Brake Signal ................................ 36 SAE O-Ring Adjustable Fittings .................................. 4 Issues with Door Switch.............................................. 36 SAE O-Ring Non-Adjustable Fitting ............................ 4 Issues with Vehicle Ignition Signal ............................. 36 JIC 37° Fitting ............................................................. 4 Issues with Vehicle Park Signal .................................. 36 PRE-INSTALLATION...................................................... 5 Issues with Driver Interface ........................................ 36 Issues with Power Module .......................................... 37 FRAME PREPARATION ................................................. 5 Issues with Strut Assembly .......................................... 37 PARTS LIST INFORMATION ........................................ 6 Issues with Secondary Volume Assembly .................... 38 ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... 6 ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ...................................... 39 SPECIAL TOOLS ............................................................. 6 APPENDIX A: FRAME DRILLING LOCATIONS .... 42 INSTALLATION OVERALL .......................................... 7 APPENDIX B: PART NUMBER COMPATIBILITY – Suspension Layout (DS137FS2) ................................... 7 SERIAL NUMBER CUTOFF ......................................... 43 Bill of Materials ........................................................... 8 Suspension Layout (DS147FS2) ................................... 9 INSTALLATION CHECK LIST .................................... 45 Bill of Materials ......................................................... 10 Front Hangers ............................................................ 11 Upper Strut Mounts.................................................... 12 Axle Clamp Hangers .................................................. 13 Control Arms .............................................................. 14 Bridge ........................................................................ 15 Track Rod ................................................................... 16 Strut Assembly Installation ........................................ 18 Jounce Bumpers ......................................................... 19 Height Sensors ........................................................... 19 Power Module Installation......................................... 20 Secondary Volumes (DS137FS2) ............................... 21 Secondary Volumes (DS147FS2) ............................... 22 Steering Sensor Installation ....................................... 23 Hydraulic Hose Attachment and routing ................... 24 Parking Brake Cable .................................................. 25 External Electrical Installation: ................................ 25 Dash Electrical Harness Installation: ....................... 26 Driver Interface Installation: ..................................... 28 Optional Door Electrical Harness Installation: ........ 28 SYSTEM PREPARATION ............................................. 29 Initial System Fill ....................................................... 29 Bleeding the System ................................................... 29 Calibrating the System ............................................... 29 POST INSTALLATION WELDING ....................................... 30 SYSTEM OPERATION .................................................. 31 System Start Up: ........................................................ 31 ON/OFF Button: ........................................................ 31 Warning Light: ........................................................... 31 Ride Mode Adjustment: .............................................. 31 Ride Height Adjustment: ............................................ 31 Depressurizing the System ......................................... 32 Calibrating the Steering Sensor Only ........................ 33 2 Introduction Serial Number Tag Information This manual provides installation information for the The suspension model, serial number, and maximum axle LiquidSpring CLASS® DS137FS2 and DS147FS2 series of capacity are found on an aluminum tag that is riveted to the rear axle suspension systems for the Ford F450/F550 Left Hand Suspension Hanger as shown in Figure 2. This SuperDuty Cab Chassis. information will aid you when contacting the chassis manufacturer or LiquidSpring LLC. Before you begin installation of the suspension system: 1. Read and understand all instructions and procedures prior to installation of components. 2. Read and observe all Warning and Caution hazard alert messages in this publication. They provide information that can help prevent serious personal injury, damage to components, or both. 3. Follow your company’s maintenance and service, Figure 1. Suspension Identification installation, and diagnostics guidelines. 4. Use special tools when required to help avoid serious personal injury and damage to components. Throughout this manual, important product information is indicated. These terms are defined as follows: NOTE: Includes additional information to enable accurate and easy performance of procedures. IMPORTANT: Includes additional information that if not followed could lead to hindered product performance and/or product failure. CAUTION: A caution indicates procedures that must be followed exactly. Damage to equipment or suspension Figure 2. Serial Number Tag Location components and personal injury can occur if the procedure is not followed. Vehicle Towing and Jacking Information Before attempting any type of towing procedures, contact the WARNING: A warning indicates procedures that must be OEM/Coach Builder for instructions. followed exactly. Serious personal injury can occur if the NOTE: Before towing vehicle, check with local authorities, procedure is not followed. such as Department of Transportation, for permissible towing These instructions cover the following models: methods. Some states do not permit towing vehicles by chains or towing straps. Model Application DS137FS2 12,000 GAWR F450 Do not attach tow apparatus (hooks, chains, straps, etc.) to the DS137FS2 13,660 GAWR F550 suspension components. DS147FS2 14,706 GAWR F550 WARNING: Attaching towing equipment to improper LiquidSpring LLC reserves the right to modify the suspension locations and failure to utilize OEM/Coach Builder and/or procedures and to change specifications at any time recommended towing methods could result in one or more without notice and without incurring obligation. of the following: Suspension Rating Damage to the suspension and/or vehicle, Model Suspension Rating Loss of vehicle control, DS137FS2 (on F450) 12,000 lbs DS137FS2 (on F550) 13,660 lbs Possible disconnect from the vehicle. DS147FS2 (on F550) 14,706 lbs WARNING: Do not apply jack to bottom of front hanger WARNING: Overloading suspension system may result in or other suspension components. Appling a jack to abnormal handling characteristics and premature wear of improper locations can result in damage to the suspension components. and/or vehicle and severe personal injury. 3 Hydraulic Fitting Assembly 6. To align the tube end of the fitting to accept incoming hose assembly, unscrew the fitting by the SAE O-Ring Adjustable Fittings required amount, but not more than one full turn. 7. Using two wrenches, hold fitting in desired position and tighten locknut to the proper torque value: -4 fitting: 14-16 ft-lbs (168-192 in-lbs) -12 fitting: 75-83 ft-lbs. 8. Inspect to ensure that O-ring is not pinched and that washer is seated flat on face of port. SAE O-Ring Non-Adjustable Fitting 1. Inspect components to ensure that male and female port threads and sealing surfaces are free of burrs, Figure 3. Adjustable SAE fitting nicks and scratches, or any foreign material. 1. Inspect components to ensure that male and female 2. If O-ring or seal is not pre-installed to fitting male port threads and sealing surfaces are free of burrs, port end, install proper size O-ring or seal, taking nicks and scratches, or any foreign material. care not to damage it. 2. If O-ring or seal is not pre-installed to fitting male 3. Lubricate O-ring with light coat of the system fluid or port end, install proper size O-ring or seal, taking a compatible lubricant to help the O-ring slide care not to damage it. smoothly into the port and avoid damage. 3. Lubricate O-ring with light coat of the system fluid
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Designed for Speed : Three Automobiles by Ferrari
    Designed for speed : three automobiles by Ferrari Date 1993 Publisher The Museum of Modern Art Exhibition URL www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/411 The Museum of Modern Art's exhibition history— from our founding in 1929 to the present—is available online. It includes exhibition catalogues, primary documents, installation views, and an index of participating artists. MoMA © 2017 The Museum of Modern Art * - . i . ' ' y ' . Designed for Speed: Three Automobiles by Ferrari k \ ' . r- ; / THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK The nearer the automobile approaches its utilitarian ends, the more beautiful it becomes. That is, when the vertical lines (which contrary to its purpose) dominated at its debut, it was ugly, and people kept buying horses. Cars were known as "horseless carriages." The necessity of speed lowered and elongated the car so that the horizontal lines, balanced by the curves, dominated: it became a perfect whole, logically organized for its purpose, and it was beautiful. —Fernand Leger "Aesthetics of the Machine: The Manufactured Object, The Artisan, and the Artist," 1924 M Migh-performance sports and racing cars represent some of the ultimate achievements of one of the world's largest industries. Few objects inspire such longing and acute fascination. As the French critic and theorist Roland Barthes observed, "I think that cars today are almost the exact equiv alent of the great Gothic cathedrals: I mean the supreme creation of an era, conceived with passion by unknown artists, and consumed in image if not in usage by a whole population which appropriates them as a purely magical object." Unlike most machines, which often seem to have an antagonistic relationship with people, these are intentionally designed for improved handling, and the refinement of the association between man and machine.
    [Show full text]
  • 2008-2009 Design and Fabrication of a SAE Baja Race Vehicle
    2008-2009 Design and Fabrication of a SAE Baja Race Vehicle A Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By: ____________________________ Derek Britton ____________________________ Jessy Cusack ____________________________ Alex Forti ____________________________ Patrick Goodrich ____________________________ Zachary Lagadinos ____________________________ Benjamin Lessard ____________________________ Wayne Partington ____________________________ Ethan Wyman Date: April 29,2009 ____________________________ Kenneth Stafford, Advisor ____________________________ James Van De Ven, Advisor ____________________________ Torbjorn Bergstrom, Advisor 1 Table of Contents List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... 5 List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 10 Design Goals ..................................................................................................................... 11 Chassis .............................................................................................................................. 13 Ergonomics...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Installation Instructions
    READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS COMPLETELY AND THOROUGHLY UNDERSTAND THEM BEFORE DOING ANYTHING. CALL CHASSISWORKS TECH SUPPORT (916) 388-0288 IF YOU NEED ASSISTANCE. INSTALLATION AND TUNING GUIDE VAS 162MS-425 Bolt-In Front Coil-Over Conversion Double-Adjustable - QuickSet 2 Shock Mounting Specifi cations Mounting Total Compressed Extended Ride Height* Spring Part Number Valving Upper LowerTravel Length* Length* Min. Max. Length VAS 162MS-425 Double Spherical Stem Crossbar 4.25” 10.27” 14.52” 11.97” 12.82” 9” * Shock mounting lengths are measured from the chassis contact surface of upper stem to pivot center of crossbar. Add .20” to lengths if measuring to control arm contact surface of lower crossbar. 1 PARTS LIST Prior to beginning installation use the following parts lists to verify that you have received all components required for installation. VAS 162MS-425 - VariShock QuickSet 2 Coil-Overs Part Number Qty Description 8A24XAX-43CH 2 QuickSet 2 Coil-Over Shock, Upper Stem and Short Lower Poly Mounts 3173-09-20-32 2 Bumpstop 1-1/4” long 899-020-208 2 Ball-Stud Top Mount Hardware VAS 501-103 1 Spring Seat Set, Extended 3/4” 3102-056-18RC 2 Jam Nut 9/16-18 RH, Clear Zinc 899-061-304 1 Crossbar Hardware Bag 899-012-HEX7/64 1 Ball-End Driver 7/64” Hex Screw 899-020-208 - Ball-Stud Top Mount Hardware Part Number Qty Description 3117-063-18C 1 Half Locknut 5/8-18 Nylon Insert 3144-25-28-0 1 Grease Zerk 1/4-28 Straight 899-044.63-1.13 1 Washer .635” ID x 1.13” OD, Zinc-Plated Steel 899-044.70-1.25 1 Washer .695” ID x 1.25” OD, Zinc-Plated Steel 899-060-201
    [Show full text]
  • MY22 Sequoia Ebrochure
    2022 Sequoia Page 1 2022 SEQUOIA Room for everyone and everything. Whether you’re navigating through the urban jungle or traveling off the beaten path, the 2022 Toyota Sequoia is ready to turn every drive into an adventure. Three rows of seats let you bring up to eight, while its spacious interior and powerful 5.7L V8 engine let you load it up and haul even more, to make the most of the places you’ll go. Limited shown in Shoreline Blue Pearl. Cover image: See footnotes 1 and 2 for information on towing and roof payload. See numbered footnotes in Disclosures section. Page 2 INTERIOR In Sequoia, everyone gets to ride first class. Hear Comfort your music like never before with the available JBL®3 within reach. Premium Audio system, and let your rear-seat passengers catch up on their favorite movies with the available rear-seat Blu-ray Disc™ player. Platinum interior shown in Red Rock leather trim. Simulation shown. Heated and ventilated front seats Moonroof Three-zone climate control The available heated and ventilated front Let more of the outside in with Sequoia’s The driver, front passenger and rear seats found inside Sequoia Platinum give standard one-touch tilt/slide power passengers will be comfortable inside the driver and front passenger more comfort moonroof with sliding sunshade. Open Sequoia, thanks to its three-zone automatic and the option to warm up or cool down it up to let in some fresh air, brighten climate control in the front and rear of the with the touch of a button.
    [Show full text]
  • Honda Quits F1! Japanese Manufacturer to Bring Curtain Down on Race-Winning Programme
    >> Britain’s Land Speed Record attempt update – see p36 December 2020 • Vol 30 No 12 • www.racecar-engineering.com • UK £5.95 • US $14.50 Honda quits F1! Japanese manufacturer to bring curtain down on race-winning programme CASH CONTROL We reveal the details of Formula 1’s Concorde deal SAFETY CELL The latest in composite chassis technology design INDYCAR SCREEN Aerodine on building US single seater safety device VIRTUAL TRADE Exciting new engineering products for the 2021 season 01 REV30N12_Cover_Honda-ACbs.indd 1 19/10/2020 12:56 THE EVOLUTION IN FLUID HORSEPOWER ™ ™ XRP® ProPLUS RaceHose and ™ XRP® Race Crimp Hose Ends A full PTFE smooth-bore hose, manufactured using a patented process that creates convolutions only on the outside of the tube wall, where they belong for increased flexibility, not on the inside where they can impede flow. This smooth-bore race hose and crimp-on hose end system is sized to compete directly with convoluted hose on both inside diameter and weight while allowing for a tighter bend radius and greater flow per size. Ten sizes from -4 PLUS through -20. Additional "PLUS" sizes allow for even larger inside hose diameters as an option. CRIMP COLLARS Two styles allow XRP NEW XRP RACE CRIMP HOSE ENDS™ Race Crimp Hose Ends™ to be used on the ProPLUS Black is “in” and it is our standard color; Race Hose™, Stainless braided CPE race hose, XR- Blue and Super Nickel are options. Hundreds of styles are available. 31 Black Nylon braided CPE hose and some Bent tube fixed, double O-Ring sealed swivels and ORB ends.
    [Show full text]
  • Design of a Freeway-Capable Narrow Lane Vehicle*
    O4ANNUAL-989 Design of a Freeway-Capable Narrow Lane Vehicle* Kurt Kornbluth, Andrew Burke U.C. Davis lnstitute for Transportation Studies, Davis, CA Geoff Wardle, Nathan Nickell Art Center College of Design, Pasadena, CA Copyright @ 2003 SAE lnternational ABSTRACT This study focuses on the design of a narrow (44 inches maximum width) vehicle capable of moving two occupants safely at freeway speeds with an emphasis on comfort, efficiency and performance. The design addresses consumer acceptance problems of past narrow vehicles such as "too small", "too ugly", "too unstable", "too wet", "too slow", "too complicated", and "too expensive". A full CAD model was developed to show the external vehicle shape, occupant seating and ergonomics, and the packaging of driveline components. Simulations were run using S/MPLFV and Advisor 2002 to predict vehicle performance and range. The size and mass characteristics of the driveline components used in the simulations were based on commercially-available EV products and selected for the special requirements of a relatively lightweight (450400 kg) vehicle. Dynamic Figure I stability and safety of the vehicle are of prime importance and were considered in all phases of the design. Previous studies by PATH (Partners for The narrow lane "commute/'vehicle is designed Advanced Highways and Transit) and others (1) have to permit two cars to travel abreast on a standard lane, illuminated the need and viability for a class of smaller, or single file on a shoulder or auxiliary lane of highway. lighter vehicles to complement existing vehicles and The vehicle modeled incorporates electric drive and is infrastructure. lnnovative vehicles like this have been designed to have a >100 mile range using lithium-ion referred to as "Lean Machines", (2), "ultralight vehicles" batteries.
    [Show full text]
  • American​​ Iron​​ Extreme​​ Racing​​ Series
    2019 American Iron Extreme National Champion Robert Shaw ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​ American Iron Extreme Racing Series ​​ 2020​​ EDITION​​ ​​ Novemb​​ er 2019 V1.0 ​​ THIS BOOK IS AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE NATIONAL AUTO SPORT ASSOCIATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NOTE- MID-SEASON UPDATES MAY BE PUBLISHED. PLEASE NOTE THE VERSION NUMBER ABOVE. THE CONTENTS OF THIS BOOK ARE THE SOLE PROPERTY OF THE NATIONAL AUTO SPORT ASSOCIATION. National Auto Sport Association National Office P.O. Box 2366 Napa Valley, CA 94558 http://www.nasaproracing.com 510-232-NASA 510-412-0549 FAX 1 Contents 2020 Rules and Classifications 2 1. Introduction 2 2. Intent 2 3. Sanctioning Body 3 4. Eligible Manufacturers/Models/Configurations 3 5. Safety 3 6. Car Classifications 5 6.2 Power & Weight 5 7. Modifications 5 8 Inspection and Testing 8 9 On Course Conduct 9 10 Points Structure 9 11. American Iron Extreme Directors / Web Page 10 2 American Iron Extreme Racing Series Copyright 2019, National Auto Sport Association Official Rules Rules Subject To Change 2020 Rules and Classifications 1. Introduction The American Iron Series is a series with 3 classes: Spec Iron (SI), American Iron (AI) and American Iron Extreme (AIX). The American Iron Extreme Series was created to meet the needs of domestic sedan racers looking for a series specifically tailored to accommodate highly modified vehicles that are currently relegated to racing in Unlimited or Spec-limited classes. This class is designed to field a large high-profile group of American Musclecars and will unify fields of cars that currently race in other sanctioning organizations. This large field/open modification concept will provide racers and vendors access to a promotional racing venue containing similarly prepared and appearing cars that can run nearly unlimited configurations.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    1 Introduction 1.1 History The current world-wide production of vehicle dampers, or so-called shock absorbers, is difficult to estimate with accuracy, but is probably around 50–100 million units per annum with a retail value well in excess of one billion dollars per annum. A typical European country has a demand for over 5 million units per year on new cars and over 1 million replacement units, The US market is several times that. If all is well, these suspension dampers do their work quietly and without fuss. Like punctuation or acting, dampers are at their best when they are not noticed - drivers and passengers simply want the dampers to be trouble free. In contrast, for the designer they are a constant interest and challenge. For the suspension engineer there is some satisfaction in creating a good new damper for a racing car or rally car and perhaps making some contribution to competition success. Less exciting, but economically more important, there is also satisfaction in seeing everyday vehicles travelling safely with comfortable occupants at speeds that would, even on good roads, be quite impractical without an effective suspension system. The need for dampers arises because of the roll and pitch associated with vehicle manoeuvring, and from the roughness of roads. In the mid nineteenth century, road quality was generally very poor. The better horse-drawn carriages of the period therefore had soft suspension, achieved by using long bent leaf springs called semi-elliptics, or even by using a pair of such curved leaf springs set back-to-back on each side, forming full-elliptic suspension.
    [Show full text]
  • Is This the Same #67 in Both Pictures? Ken
    Is this the same #67 in both pictures? Ken Gypson’s ‘37 Ford has been around creating history for 81 years and still going strong. Hal Boardman’s diorama above proves the car still inspires...more on page 6 From our president, Dan Noyes - VAE Chairman 802-730-7171 [email protected] David Dave Stone- President Stone 802-598-2842 [email protected] Jan Sander- 1st. Vice & Activity Chair 802-644-5487 [email protected] Duane Leach– 2nd. Vice & Assistant Activity Chair 802-849-6174 [email protected] Don Pierce- Treasurer 802-879-3087 [email protected] PO Box 1064, Montpelier,VT. 05602 Charlie Thompson- Recording Secretary 802-878-2536 [email protected] Here we go, another season of shows and get togethers. Tom McHugh 802-862-1733 Chris Barbieri 802-223-3104 Finally, old man winter has evolved to the warmer days of spring. Time to Dave Sander 802-434-8418 Nominating committee...David Sander, Dan Noyes & wake up the rolling history and automotive classics. Brian Warren Every spring is like a rebirth of enthusiasm for the hobby. We all have a process that we have mastered, over the years, to get our vehicles back on the road. After winters hibernation, like a ritual, we have perfected this. It comes from many years of living in the northeast. That first drive of the year in a classic or muscle car rejuvenates the soul and Ed Hilbert– Chair Gary Olney brings us back from our hibernation, too. Gael Boardman–V- John Malinowski Chair Gary Fiske Make sure you check all your vehicle’s systems before heading Wendell Noble– Sec.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamental Studies of Passive, Active and Semi-Active
    FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF PASSIVE, ACTIVE AND SEMI-ACTIVE AUTOMOTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEMS SAMY ALY HASSAN Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds Department of Mechanical Engineering J u l y 1986 ABSTRACT The fundamental properties of various automotive suspension systems are theoretically investigated on the basis of simple vehicle models subjected to realistic inputs chosen to represent road surfaces of different qualities. The vehicle response is evaluated through a performance index representing ride comfort, dynamic tyre load and suspension working space parameters, and interpreted in the light of these individual parameters together with the implications of the suspension design for attitude control and steering behaviour. Linear analysis procedures are followed in studying the passive, active and slow-active suspension systems while suitable simulations are used for the non-linear semi-active suspension systems. Linear optimal control theory is used to determine the optimal parameters of the active and slow-active suspension systems. Semi-active suspension behaviours are evaluated on the basis of applying the optimal active parameters to each system, but the semi-active damper can only dissipate energy and switches off when external power would be needed for the system to follow the optimal active control law. Results are generated and discussed for each of these types of system and their performance capabilities are compared with each other. Conclusions concerning the practical viability of each of the systems are drawn. ii CONTENTS page A B S T R A C T ........................................................ i C O N T E N T S .......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Aviator
    2020 AVIATOR ALWAYS BEGIN ON A BRIGHT NOTE Whether your day ahead is filled with places to be, or as open as a big blue sky, the all-new 2020 Lincoln Aviator starts it with a warm embrace. As you approach, Lincoln Dynamic Signature Lighting1 flows beneath the headlamps, while the illuminated1 Lincoln Star on the grille glows from within. Illuminated welcome mats and backlit door handles extend an invitation, while the Dynamic Lower Entry feature of the Air Glide Suspension1 eases access for all. Whether you select Aviator or Aviator Grand Touring2 with its advanced hybrid electric technology, every drive starts with beautiful chimes orchestrated by a world-renowned symphony as the LCD screen animation takes you soaring through blue skies. Elevate life’s journey in the all-new Aviator. 1Available feature. 2Available only at EV-certified Lincoln Dealers. Late availability. IMMERSE YOURSELF IN ELEGANCE ENGAGE WITH EXCLUSIVE 3D AUDIO Imagine a place specially designed to evoke a sense You won’t just hear it – you’ll feel the exceptional of serenity, a sanctuary where you can relax and unwind level of precision and musical accuracy offered by after a challenging day. The 3-row Aviator cabin is the expertly engineered Revel® Ultima 3D Audio carefully crafted to be that place. Enter using your System.1 Enjoy your favorites through a network of Phone As A Key,1,2 while Aviator recalls your saved 28 speakers – including 8 in the headliner – finely Personal Profile settings for the driver’s seat and so much tuned to the Aviator interior. It’s as if you’re seated in more.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Influence of Ride Height Changes on the Aerodynamic
    Bastian Schnepf et al./International Journal of Automotive Engineering 6 (2015) 23-29 Technical Paper 20154055 On the Influence of Ride Height Changes on the Aerodynamic Performance of Wheel Designs 1) 2) 3) Bastian Schnepf Gregor Tesch Thomas Indinger 1),3) Technical University of Munich, Institute of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching bei Muenchen, Germany (E-mail: [email protected]) 2) BMW Group, Aerodynamics, 80788 Muenchen Received on June 7, 2014 Presented at the JSAE Annual Congress on May 21, 2014 ABSTRACT: On the road a passenger car's ride height is elevated both by the radial expansion of the tires due to centrifugal forces and aerodynamic lift. Wheel size and design influence these forces and therefore may affect aerodynamic drag more than predicted using fixed-ride-height tools. In this study, on-road ride height and surface pressure measurements for different wheel designs on a BMW 3 Series sedan are compared to wind tunnel tests and numerical simulations. Compared to still conditions, the vehicle is elevated by 5 to 7 mm when driving at 140 kph. This ride height change increases drag by 4 counts in the wind tunnel. However, the drag differences between the specific wheel designs are only altered marginally. Using CFD, areas sensitive to wheel designs are identified and analyzed. Furthermore, lift differences between the wheels are explained by the vehicle’s pressure distribution. KEY WORDS: heat・fluid, aerodynamic performance, computational fluid dynamics, wind tunnel test, wheel, ride height [D1] 1. Introduction 2. Experimental Setup Wheels and wheel houses are responsible for approximately 2.1.
    [Show full text]