Defense Chronology Year Defense Domestic International 1945 Aug. 15 World War II ends Oct. 24 United Nations established Aug. 17 Higashikuni Cabinet formed Sep. 2 GHQ established Oct. 9 Shidehara Cabinet formed Oct. 15 General Staff Office and Military Command abolished Nov. 30 Army and Navy Ministries abolished 1946 Jan. 27 GHQ orders the suspension Jan. 10 First session of U.N. General of Japanese administrative Assembly (London, through right over Ryukyu and February 14) Ogasawara Islands Mar. 5 Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” Feb. 26 Far East Commission formed speech Apr. 5 First meeting of Allied Council Oct. 1 International War Crimes on Tribunal in Nuremberg Apr. 24 Civil administration of delivers verdicts Okinawa established Dec. 19 First Indochina War starts May 3 International Military Tribunal for the Far East opened May 22 Yoshida Cabinet formed Nov. 3 promulgated 1947 May 3 Constitution of Japan takes Mar. 12 Truman Doctrine announced effect Jun. 5 The Marshall Plan announced Jun. 1 Katayama Cabinet formed Oct. 5 Comintern established Dec. 17 Police Law promulgated (National Rural Police and municipal police forces established) 1948 Mar. 10 Ashida Cabinet formed Apr. 1 USSR imposes Berlin Apr. 27 Japan Coast Guard Law blockade (through May 12, promulgated 1949) Oct. 15 Yoshida Cabinet formed May 14 First Middle East War starts Nov. 12 International Military Tribunal (through February 24, 1949) for the Far East delivers Jun. 26 Berlin airlift starts verdicts Aug. 15 Republic of Korea (ROK) established Sep. 9 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea established 1949 Jul. 5 Shimoyama incident Jan. 25 COMECON established Jul. 15 Mitaka incident Apr. 4 North Atlantic Treaty signed Aug. 17 Matsukawa incident by 12 nations (becomes effective August 24) Apr. 21 Nationalist-Communist talks break up; Chinese Communist Army launches general offensive May 6 Federal Republic of Germany established (West Germany) Sep. 24 USSR declared possession of atomic bomb Oct. 1 People’s Republic of China established Oct. 7 German Democratic Republic established (East Germany) Dec. 7 Chinese Nationalist Party takes refuge in Taiwan

— 541 — Year Defense Domestic International 1950 Jul. 8 General MacArthur authorizes Jun. 21 John Foster Dulles, adviser to Jan. 27 U.S. signs MSA agreement the establishment of the the U.S. Department of State, with NATO countries National Police Reserve, visits Japan Feb. 14 China-Soviet Treaty of consisting of 75,000 men, and Nov. 24 U.S. announces the seven Friendship, Alliance and the expansion of the Japan principles for concluding a Mutual Assistance signed Coast Guard by 8,000 men peace treaty with Japan Jun. 25 Korean War (ends July 27, Aug. 10 National Police Reserve 1953) Ordinance promulgated and Jul. 7 United Nations Force formed put into effect for dispatch to Korea Aug. 13 Ordinary personnel Sep. 15 U.N. troops land at Inchon recruitment for the National Oct. 25 Chinese Communist Police Reserve begins volunteers join Korean War Aug. 14 Masuhara appointed first Dec. 18 NATO Defense Commission Director-General of the agrees to establishment of National Police Reserve NATO Forces Sep. 7 National Police Reserve headquarters moves from the National Police Agency headquarters to Etchujima 1951 Jan. 23 Minister of State Ohashi takes Jan. 29 First Yoshida-Dulles talks Aug. 30 U.S.-Philippines Mutual charge of the National Police (peace treaty negotiations) Defense Treaty signed Reserve Sep. 8 49 countries sign Peace Sep. 1 Australia-New Zealand-U.S. Mar. 1 Special recruitment of Treaty with Japan sign ANZUS Treaty Military and Naval Academy Japan-U.S. Security Treaty Republic established (East graduates to serve as police concluded Germany) officers 1st and 2nd class Oct. 26 House of Representatives begins approves Peace Treaty and Oct. 20 Ozuki unit dispatched for Japan-U.S. Security Treaty the first time on a rescue (House of Councillors relief operation to Kita approval given November 18) Kawachi Village, Yamaguchi Prefecture, in the wake of Typhoon Ruth 1952 Feb. 28 Japan-U.S. Administrative Apr. 28 Japan-Taiwan Peace Treaty Jan. 18 ROK proclaims sovereignty Agreement signed concluded over neighboring ocean areas Apr. 26 Maritime Guard established Japan-U.S. Peace Treaty and (Rhee Line) within the Japan Coast Guard Japan-U.S. Security Treaty May 26 U.S.-U.K.-France sign peace Jul. 26 Japan-U.S. Facilities and enter into force agreement with Germany Areas Agreement signed Far East Commission, Allied May 27 European Defense Jul. 31 National Safety Agency Law Council, and GHQ abolished Community (EDC) Treaty promulgated May 1 May Day riot at Imperial signed Aug. 1 National Safety Agency Palace Plaza Oct. 3 U.K. carries out its first established Jul. 21 Subversive Activities atomic bomb test Prime Minister Yoshida Prevention Law promulgated Nov. 1 U.S. carries out its first concurrently appointed and enters into force hydrogen bomb test Director-General of the National Safety Agency Coastal Safety Force inaugurated Oct. 15 National Safety Force inaugurated Oct. 30 Kimura appointed Director- General of the National Safety Agency 1953 Jan. 1 Security Advisory Group in Aug. 1 Weapons Production Law Mar. 5 USSR General Secretary Japan inaugurated promulgated Stalin dies Apr. 1 National Safety Academy Dec. 25 Japanese administrative rule Jul. 27 Truce signed in Korean War (predecessor of National over Amami Islands restored Aug. 12 USSR carries out its first Defense Academy) hydrogen bomb test established

— 542 — Year Defense Domestic International 1953 Oct. 30 Ikeda-Robertson talks; joint Oct. 1 U.S.-ROK Mutual Defense statement issued on gradual Treaty signed increase in self-defense strength 1954 Mar. 8 Mutual Defense Assistance Mar. 1 Daigo Fukuryu maru (Lucky Mar. 1 U.S. carries out hydrogen (MDA) agreement signed Dragon V) incident bomb test at Bikini Atoll May 14 Japan-U.S. sign Land Lease Dec. 10 formed Jul. 21 Geneva Agreement on Agreement on naval vessels armistice in Indochina signed Jun. 2 House of Councillors passes Sep. 3 Chinese People’s Liberation resolution prohibiting Army shells Quemoy and dispatch of troops overseas Matsu for the first time Jun. 9 Promulgation of Defense Sep. 8 South East Asia Treaty Agency Establishment Law, Organization (SEATO) formed Self-Defense Forces Law by signing of collective and Protection of National defense pact Secrecy Law pertaining to Dec. 2 U.S.-Taiwan Mutual Defense the MDA Treaty signed Jul. 1 Defense Agency established; Ground, Maritime and Air Self-Defense Forces inaugurated Dec. 10 Omura appointed Minister of State for Defense 1955 Mar. 19 Sugihara appointed Minister May 8 Protests begin at Sunagawa Apr. 18 Africa-Asia conference held at of State for Defense Base Bandung May 6 Live shell fire by U.S. forces Aug. 6 First World Conference May 5 West Germany formally at Kita Fuji Maneuver Area; Against Atomic and Hydrogen admitted to NATO opposition to firing intensifies Bombs held at Hiroshima May 14 Signing of Warsaw Pact Jul. 31 Sunada appointed Minister of Aug. 31 Shigemitsu-Dulles meeting; State for Defense joint statement issued on Nov. 22 Funada appointed Minister of revision of Japan-U.S. State for Defense Security Treaty Nov. 14 Japan-U.S. Atomic Energy Agreement signed Dec. 19 Atomic Energy Basic Law promulgated 1956 Jan. 30 Japan-U.S. joint statement on Feb. 9 House of Representatives Feb. 14 Stalin criticized at the reduction of Japan’s share of passes resolution to ban 20th Congress of Soviet defense spending atomic and hydrogen bomb Communist Party in Moscow; Mar. 22 Japan-U.S. Technical tests (House of Councillors, Khruschev proclaims policy Agreement relating to sharing February 10) of peaceful co-existence with of knowledge on patents Oct. 19 Joint declaration on the West and technology signed in restoration of Japanese- Apr. 17 USSR announces dissolution accordance with MDA Soviet relations of Comintern Mar. 23 Defense Agency moved to Dec. 18 Japan joins the U.N. Jul. 26 Egyptian President Nasser Kasumiga-seki Dec. 23 Ishibashi Cabinet formed nationalizes the Suez Canal Jul. 2 National Defense Council Oct. 23 Hungarian Revolution Composition Law Oct. 29 Second Middle East War promulgated (Suez War) (through Sep. 20 First domestically-produced November 6) F-86F fighter delivered Dec. 23 Prime Minister Ishibashi concurrently becomes Minister of State for Defense 1957 Jan. 31 Acting Prime Minister Kishi Feb. 25 Kishi Cabinet formed May 15 U.K. conducts its first concurrently becomes, ad Mar. 15 House of Councillors passes hydrogen bomb test interim, Minister of State for resolution to ban atomic and Aug. 26 USSR announces successful Defense hydrogen bombs ICBM test Feb. 2 Kotaki appointed Minister of Aug. 6 Japan-U.S. Security Council State for Defense inaugurated

— 543 — Year Defense Domestic International 1957 May 20 Basic Guidelines for National Oct. 4 USSR launches the world’s Defense adopted by the first man-made satellite, National Defense Council and Sputnik 1 the Cabinet Nov. 23 World Congress of Jun. 14 First Defense Build-up Plan Communist Parties issues the adopted by the National Moscow Declaration Defense Council and approved by the Cabinet Jun. 21 Kishi-Eisenhower talks; joint statement on the early withdrawal of the USFJ issued Jul. 10 Tsushima appointed Minister of State for Defense 1958 Jan. 14 First ocean training exercises Apr. 18 House of Representatives Oct. 23 Dulles talks with (Hawaii, through February 28) passes resolution to ban Chiang Kaishek; joint Feb. 17 ASDF begins measures atomic and hydrogen bombs statement issued denying to counter invasions of Sep. 11 Fujiyama-Dulles talks counteroffensive against territorial airspace (Washington); agreement on mainland China Jun. 12 Sato appointed Minister revision of the Japan- U.S. Dec. 17 U.S. test-launches Atlas of State for Defense Security Treaty ICBM concurrently becomes Oct. 4 Commencement of Japan- Minister of State for Defense U.S. talks on the revision of the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty 1959 Jan. 12 Ino appointed Minister of Mar. 30 Tokyo District Court ruled Mar. 31 14th Dalai Lama is exiled to State for Defense the stationing of U.S. forces India Jun. 18 Akagi appointed Minister of to be unconstitutional in the Aug. 25 China-India border dispute State for Defense Sunagawa case Sep. 18 Soviet Premier Khrushchev Dec. 16 Original ruling in the proposes total and complete Sunagawa case was reversed disarmament at U.N. by the Supreme Court Sep. 27 U.S.-Soviet summit; joint statement issued at Camp David Dec. 1 Antarctica Treaty signed 1960 Jan. 11 Defense Agency moves to Jan. 19 New Japan-U.S. Security Feb. 13 France conducts its first Hinoki-cho Treaty signed (enters into nuclear test Jul. 19 Esaki appointed Minister of force June 23) May 1 U-2 reconnaissance plane State for Defense Jul. 19 Ikeda Cabinet formed belonging to U.S. shot down Dec. 8 Nishimura appointed Minister in Soviet airspace of State for Defense Jul. 20 U.S. conducts successful underwater launch of Polaris SLBM Dec. 20 Formation of the South Viet Nam National Liberation Front 1961 Jan. 13 National Defense Council May 16 Military junta seizes power in decides to reorganize GSDF coup d’état in ROK units (into 13 divisions); Jul. 6 Soviet-North Korea Treaty of presented to Cabinet January Friendship, Cooperation and 20 Mutual Assistance signed Jul. 18 Fujieda appointed Minister of Jul. 11 China-North Korea Treaty of State for Defense Friendship, Cooperation and Second Defense Build-up Mutual Assistance signed Plan adopted by National Aug. 13 Construction of Berlin Wall Defense Council and Cabinet 1962 Jul. 18 Shiga appointed Minister of Oct. 20 China-India border dispute State for Defense (through November 22)

— 544 — Year Defense Domestic International 1962 Nov. 1 Defense Facilities Oct. 24 U.S. Navy imposes sea Administration Agency blockade of Cuba (through established November 20) Nov. 9 Shiga visits U.S. for first Oct. 28 USSR General Secretary time as Minister of State for Khrushchev declares Defense (through November dismantling of missile bases 26) in Cuba 1963 Jul. 18 Fukuda appointed Minister of Aug. 14 Japan joins Limited Nuclear Jun. 20 Agreement signed for State for Defense Test Ban Treaty U.S.- Soviet hotline Aug. 14 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty signed by U.S.-USSR- U.K. (enters into force on Oct. 10) 1964 Jul. 18 Koizumi appointed Minister Jun. 15 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Aug. 2 Gulf of Tonkin incident of State for Defense Treaty enters into force for Oct. 16 China successfully carries out Japan its first nuclear test Nov. 9 Sato Cabinet formed Nov. 12 U.S. nuclear submarine (Sea Dragon) enters a Japanese port (Sasebo) for the first time 1965 Feb. 10 Diet debate on Mitsuya study Jun. 22 Japan-ROK Basic Treaty Feb. 7 U.S. starts bombing Viet Nam Jun. 3 Matsuno appointed Minister signed Sep. 1 Second India-Pakistan conflict of State for Defense (through September 22) Nov. 20 Icebreaker Fuji leaves on first mission to assist Antarctic observation (through April 8, 1966) 1966 Aug. 1 Kambayashiyama appointed May 16 Cultural Revolution starts in Minister of State for Defense China Nov. 29 Outline of Third Defense Jul. 1 France withdraws from the Build-up Plan adopted by NATO command National Defense Council and Oct. 27 China carries out its first Cabinet successful nuclear missile Dec. 3 Masuda appointed Minister of test State for Defense 1967 Mar. 13 Key matters for inclusion in Mar. 29 Sapporo District Court rules Jun. 5 Third Middle East War Third Defense Build-up Plan in Eniwa Case (through June 9) agreed by National Defense Jun. 17 China carries out its first Council; adopted by Cabinet successful hydrogen bomb on March 14 test Jul. 1 Formation of European Community (EC) Aug. 8 Formation of Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) 1968 Nov. 30 Arita appointed Minister of Jan. 19 U.S. nuclear-powered aircraft Jan. 23 Seizure of U.S. Navy State for Defense carrier (Enterprise) enters a intelligence vessel Pueblo by Japanese port (Sasebo) for North Korea the first time May 13 First formal Vietnamese Jun. 26 Ogasawara Islands revert to peace talks held in Paris Japan Jul. 1 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signed Aug. 20 Soviet and Eastern European troops invade Czechoslovakia Aug. 24 France carries out its first hydrogen bomb test in the South Pacific

— 545 — Year Defense Domestic International 1969 Jan. 10 National Defense Council Nov. 21 Sato-Nixon joint statement Mar. 2 Armed clashes between decision to produce 104 (extension of Japan-U.S. Chinese and Soviet forces on F-4E aircraft domestically, Security Treaty, return of Chenpao Island (Damansky approved by Cabinet Okinawa to Japan by 1972) Island) Jun. 10 South Viet Nam announces establishment of Provisional Revolutionary Government Jul. 2 Nixon Doctrine announced 1970 Jan. 14 Nakasone appointed Minister Feb. 3 Japan signs Nuclear Non- Jan. 24 Formation of integrated of State for Defense Proliferation Treaty Warsaw Pact forces Oct. 20 Publication of “The Defense Feb. 11 First domestically produced (involving seven countries) of Japan,” the first white artificial satellite successfully Mar. 5 Nuclear Non-Proliferation paper on defense launched Treaty comes into force Mar. 31 Yodo hijacking Aug. 12 West Germany-USSR sign Jun. 23 Automatic extension of non-aggression pact Japan-U.S. Security Treaty Nov. 25 Yukio Mishima commits suicide by ritual disembowelment at the GSDF Eastern Army Headquarters in Ichigaya 1971 Jun. 29 Okinawa Defense Agreement Jun. 17 Agreement on the Return of Feb. 11 Signing of treaty forbidding (Kubo-Curtis Agreement) Okinawa signed the use of the seabed for signed Nov. 24 House of Representatives military purposes Jul. 5 Masuhara appointed resolution on non-nuclear Sep. 30 U.S.-USSR sign agreement Minister of State for Defense weapons on measures to reduce the Jul. 30 All Nippon Airways plane danger of nuclear war collides with SDF aircraft Oct. 25 U.N. General Assembly (Shizukuishi) adopts resolution to admit Aug. 2 Nishimura appointed Minister China and expel Taiwan of State for Defense Dec. 3 Third India-Pakistan conflict Dec. 3 Ezaki appointed Minister of (through December 17) State for Defense 1972 Feb. 7 National Defense Council Jan. 7 Sato-Nixon joint statement on Feb. 28 President Nixon visits adopts Outline of 4th the agreement of the return China; China-U.S. Joint Five-Year Defense Build-up of Okinawa and the reduction Communiqué Plan, approved by Cabinet on of bases Apr. 10 Signing of the Convention February 8 Apr. 10 Japan signs Biological on the Prohibition of the Apr. 17 National Defense Council Weapons Convention (BWC) Development, Production and decision on SDF deployment May 15 Return of Okinawa Stockpiling of Bacteriological in Okinawa, presented to Jul. 7 Tanaka Cabinet formed (Biological) and Toxin Cabinet on April 18 Sep. 29 Prime Minister Tanaka visits Weapons and on Their Jul. 7 Masuhara appointed Minister China; normalization of Destruction of State for Defense diplomatic relations between May 26 SALT-I and agreement to limit Oct. 9 National Defense Council Japan and China ABM signed on the visit of determines key matters for President Nixon to USSR inclusion in Fourth Defense Jul. 3 India-Pakistan truce signed Build-up Plan and measures Dec. 21 East-West Germany Basic to enhance civilian control, Treaty signed adopted by Cabinet 1973 Jan. 23 14th Japan-U.S. Security Sep. 7 Sapporo District Court Jan. 27 Viet Nam peace agreement Consultative Committee rules SDF unconstitutional signed (ceasefire takes effect meeting agrees on (Naganuma Judgment) on January 28) consolidation of U.S. bases in Sep. 21 Japan-North Viet Nam Mar. 29 U.S. forces complete their Japan (Kanto Program) establish diplomatic relations withdrawal from Viet Nam Feb. 1 Defense Agency publishes Oct. 8 Japan-Soviet summit Jun. 22 General Secretary Leonid Peacetime Defense Strength (Moscow) Brezhnev of the Soviet May 30 Yamanaka appointed Minister Union visits U.S., convention of State for Defense on the prevention of nuclear war signed

— 546 — Year Defense Domestic International 1973 Jul. 1 Commencement of SDF air Oct. 6 Fourth Middle East War (ends defense mission on Okinawa October 25) Oct. 17 Ten OPEC countries decide to reduce crude oil supplies 1974 Apr. 25 National Defense Medical Dec. 9 Miki Cabinet formed May 18 India carries out its first College opens underground nuclear test Nov. 12 Uno appointed Minister of Jul. 3 President Nixon visits USSR, State for Defense Treaty on the Limitation of Dec. 9 Sakata appointed Minister of Underground Nuclear Weapon State for Defense Tests (Threshold Test Ban Treaty) signed 1975 Aug. 29 Japan-U.S. defense summit Mar. 26 Biological Weapons meeting (Sakata-Schlesinger, Convention (BWC) enters Tokyo) into force Apr. 30 Fall of Saigon, South Vietnamese Government surrenders unconditionally Aug. 1 Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) adopts the Helsinki Declaration (Helsinki) Nov. 15 First summit meeting of most industrialized nations (Rambouillet, through November 17), since held annually 1976 Jun. 4 Publication of second Jun. 8 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Jul. 2 Socialist Republic of Viet white paper on defense, Treaty comes into force for Nam (unified Viet Nam) “The Defense of Japan” Japan proclaimed (henceforth published Dec. 24 Fukuda Cabinet formed Aug. 18 U.S. military officers slain at annually) Panmunjom Jul. 8 Sub-Committee for Defense Sep. 9 Death of Chairman of Chinese Cooperation Communist Party Mao Sep. 6 MiG-25 forced to land at Zedong Hakodate Airport Oct. 29 National Defense Council and Cabinet adopt National Defense Program Outline Nov. 5 National Defense Council and Cabinet adopt Immediate- term Defense Build-up Program Dec. 24 Mihara appointed Minister of State for Defense 1977 Apr. 15 Establishment of systematic Jul. 1 Implementation of two Jun. 30 South East Asia Treaty defense programs maritime laws, proclaiming Organization (SEATO) Aug. 10 Defense Agency starts a 200-mile fishing zone and dissolved (Treaty remains Emergency Legislation Study 12-mile territorial waters effective) Nov. 28 Kanemaru appointed Minister Aug. 1 North Korea establishes of State for Defense military demarcation lines in Dec. 28 National Defense Council Sea of Japan and Yellow Sea decides on introduction of “F-15s and P-3Cs,” approved by Cabinet on December 29 1978 Sep. 21 Defense Agency announces Aug. 12 Treaty of Peace and Sep. 7 Camp David Agreement modality and purpose of Friendship between Japan Dec. 16 U.S.-Taiwan Mutual Defense emergency legislation study and the People’s Republic of Treaty annulled China signed in Beijing Dec. 25 Vietnamese troops invade Dec. 7 Ohira Cabinet formed Cambodia

— 547 — Year Defense Domestic International 1978 Nov. 27 (ASDF) First Japan-U.S. joint training exercises (east of Misawa and west of Akita, through December 1) Japan- U.S. Security Consultative Committee approves Guidelines for Japan-U.S. Cooperation, presented to and approved by Cabinet following deliberation by the National Defense Council on November 28 Dec. 7 Yamashita appointed Minister of State for Defense 1979 Jan. 11 Introduction of E-2C Nov. 9 Second Ohira Cabinet formed Jan. 1 U.S. and China normalize approved by National Defense diplomatic relations Council and Cabinet Jan. 7 Fall of Phnom Penh, Jul. 17 Announcement of Mid-Term establishment of Heng Samrin Defense Estimate (FY regime announced 1980–FY 1984) Feb. 1 Islamic Revolution takes Jul. 25 Minister of State for Defense place in Iran Yamashita makes first visit Feb. 17 China-Viet Nam conflict to ROK as an incumbent (through March 5) Minister (through July 26) Mar. 26 Egypt-Israel peace treaty Nov. 9 Kubota appointed Minister signed of State for Defense Jun. 18 SALT-II signed Oct. 26 Assassination of ROK President Park Chung Hee Dec. 27 Soviet Union invades Afghanistan 1980 Feb. 4 Hosoda appointed Minister of Jul. 17 Suzuki Cabinet formed Apr. 11 China-Soviet Treaty on State for Defense Dec. 1 Ministerial council on Friendship, Alliance and Feb. 26 Maritime Self-Defense Force comprehensive national Mutual Assistance lapses takes part in RIMPAC for the security established May 18 China tests an ICBM in the first time (through March 18) direction of the South Pacific Jul. 17 Omura appointed Minister of for the first time State for Defense Sep. 22 Iran and Iraq enter into full-fledged war 1981 Apr. 22 Defense Agency announces Nov. 30 Reshuffled Suzuki Cabinet Dec. 13 Poland declares martial law, classification of the laws formed and establishes the Army and regulations subject to Council of National Salvation the Studies on Emergency Legislation Oct. 1 (GSDF) First Japan-U.S. joint exercises (in communications) staged at Higashi Fuji Maneuver Area (through October 3) Nov. 30 Ito appointed Minister of State for Defense 1982 Feb. 15 (GSDF) First Japan-U.S. Jun. 8 BWC enters into force in Apr. 2 Falklands dispute (ends June combined command post Japan 14) exercise staged (Takigahara, Jun. 9 Convention on Conventional Jun. 6 Israeli forces invade Lebanon through February 19) Weapons (CCW), Protocols I, Jun. 29 Commencement of Strategic May 15 Use of some sections of land II and III concluded Arms Reduction Talks within installations and areas Sep. 9 Supreme Court ruled on (START-I) U.S.-Soviet Union located in Okinawa starts Naganuma Nike Missile Base (Geneva) under the Special Land Lease Case Oct. 16 Successful underwater Law Nov. 27 Nakasone Cabinet formed launch of an SLBM by China

— 548 — Year Defense Domestic International 1982 Jul. 23 1981 Mid-Term Defense Estimate (for FY 1983– FY 1987) presented to and approved by National Defense Council Nov. 27 Tanigawa appointed Minister of State for Defense 1983 Jan. 14 Government decides to pave Dec. 2 CCW Protocols I, II and III Mar. 23 U.S. President Reagan the way for the transfer of enter into force in Japan announces Strategic Defense military technologies to the Dec. 27 Second Nakasone Cabinet Initiative (SDI) U.S. formed Sep. 1 KAL passenger liner shot Dec. 12 (ASDF) First Japan-U.S. down by Soviet fighters over combined command post Sakhalin exercise staged (Fuchu, Oct. 9 19 ROK government officials, through December 15) including cabinet ministers, Dec. 27 Kurihara appointed Minister killed in Burma by North of State for Defense Korean terrorist explosion Oct. 25 U.S. and six Caribbean nations send troops to Grenada 1984 Jun. 11 (MSDF) First Japan-U.S. Nov. 1 Reshuffled second Nakasone combined command post Cabinet formed exercise staged (Yokosuka, through June 15) Oct. 16 Defense Agency announces procedures etc. of future Studies on Emergency Legislation in “Studies on Legislation to Deal with Emergencies” Nov. 1 Kato appointed Minister of State for Defense 1985 Sep. 18 Mid-Term Defense Program Aug. 12 Japan Airlines aircraft Feb. 1 New Zealand refuses to allow approved by National Defense crashes U.S. destroyer Buchanan to Council and Cabinet Dec. 28 Reshuffled second Nakasone enter port Dec. 27 Detailed arrangements Cabinet formed Mar. 11 Mikhail Gorbachev installed for the supply of military as General Secretary of the technologies to the U.S. Soviet Communist Party concluded Mar. 12 U.S.-Soviet Union arms control talks begin Jun. 4 China announces cut of one million personnel from the People’s Liberation Army 1986 Feb. 24 First Japan-U.S. integrated Jul. 22 Third Nakasone Cabinet Apr. 26 Accident at Chernobyl nuclear command post exercise formed power plant in the Soviet (through February 28) Union Jul. 1 Security Council Aug. 10 U.S. announces termination Establishment Law enacted of its obligations to New Jul. 22 Kurihara appointed Minister Zealand under the ANZUS of State for Defense Treaty Sep. 5 Government approves the Sep. 22 Conference on Disarmament first transfer of military in Europe (CDE) adopts final technology to the U.S. documents (Stockholm) Oct. 27 First Japan-U.S. integrated Oct. 11 U.S.-Soviet Union summit field exercises staged talks (Reykjavik, through (through October 31) October 12)

— 549 — Year Defense Domestic International 1986 Dec. 30 Security Council of Japan and Cabinet approve plans for dealing with the Immediate- term Defense Build-up Program authorized by the Cabinet on November 5, 1976 and included in the FY 1987 budget 1987 Jan. 24 Security Council of Japan and May 27 Metropolitan Police Nov. 29 KAL airliner blown up by Cabinet agree on a program Department arrests two North Korean terrorists while for the future build-up of employees of Toshiba flying over the Bay of Bengal defense capacity Machine Co., Ltd., in Dec. 8 INF Treaty signed Jan. 30 Special Measures Agreement connection with unfair exports concerning the cost sharing that breach the rules of the of the stationing of U.S. Coordinating Committee Forces in Japan signed for Multilateral Strategic (effective June 1) Export Controls (COCOM) to Nov. 6 Kawara appointed Minister of Communist areas State for Defense Aug. 26 Law Concerning the Dispatch Dec. 18 Security Council of Japan of Japan Disaster Relief approves a study on the state Teams enacted of air defense on the high Oct. 6 First Japan-U.S. Meeting on seas COCOM held (Tokyo, through October 7) Nov. 6 Takeshita Cabinet formed 1988 Mar. 2 Revised protocol of the Mar. 13 Aomori-Hakodate Undersea Mar. 14 Armed clashes between Special Measures Agreement Tunnel opens China and Viet Nam in the concerning the cost sharing Jun. 1 Supreme Court rules on an waters around the Spratly of the stationing of U.S. appeal against the enshrining Islands Forces in Japan signed of an SDF officer killed in an May 29 U.S.-Soviet Union summit (effective June 1) accident talks (Moscow, through June Apr. 12 Signing of official documents Dec. 27 Second Takeshita Cabinet 1, instruments of ratification for the transfer of military formed of INF Treaty exchanged) technologies in certain Aug. 17 First joint verification of an areas of defense from the underground nuclear test U.S. to Japan under the carried out by U.S. and Soviet Mutual Defense Assistance Union (Nevada) Agreement between the two Aug. 20 Ceasefire agreement reached countries in Iran-Iraq War Jul. 23 Submarine and civilian Dec. 7 General Secretary Mikhail fishing boat in collision (off Gorbachev delivers Yokosuka) speech to the U.N. on the Aug. 24 Tazawa appointed Minister of decommissioning of 500,000 State for Defense Soviet troops Nov. 29 Japanese and U.S. Governments sign memorandum and detailed arrangements relating to FS-X joint development 1989 Jan. 27 Establishment of a Jan. 7 Emperor Showa dies Feb. 15 Soviet Union completes the commission for the study of Feb. 24 Emperor Showa’s funeral withdrawal of its forces from defense capability Jun. 3 Uno Cabinet formed Afghanistan Jun. 3 Yamazaki appointed Minister Aug. 10 Kaifu Cabinet formed May 17 China-Soviet summit of State for Defense (Beijing): state-to-state and Aug. 10 Matsumoto appointed government-to-government Minister of State for Defense relations normalized Gorbachev announces the reduction of the Soviet Far East forces by 120,000 (Beijing) Jun. 4 Tiananmen Square incident

— 550 — Year Defense Domestic International 1989 Nov. 9 GDR permits free departures to the West (virtual demolition of the Berlin Wall) Dec. 2 U.S.-Soviet summit talks (Malta, through December 3) 1990 Feb. 28 Ishikawa appointed Minister Feb. 28 Second Kaifu Cabinet formed Aug. 2 Iraq invades Kuwait of State for Defense Aug. 30 Government decides to donate Sep. 30 Soviet Union-ROK establish Jun. 19 Japan-U.S. Joint Committee U.S.$1 billion to efforts to diplomatic relations confirms that the two restore peace in the Gulf region Oct. 3 German unification countries will push ahead Sep. 14 Government pledges an Nov. 19 CFE Treaty and 22-Nation with procedures to coordinate additional U.S.$1 billion of Joint Declaration, signing the return of facilities by U.S. economic aid toward efforts to of Paris Charter Signing of forces (23 items) in Okinawa restore peace in the Gulf region CSBM Vienna document Jun. 21 Japan and the U.S. reach plus U.S.$2 billion to countries agreement in principle on the adjacent to the conflict establishment of a ministerial Oct. 16 Bill on Cooperation with conference on security United Nations Peacekeeping Dec. 20 Mid-Term Defense Program Operations submitted to Diet (FY 1991–FY 1995) approved Nov. 10 Bill on Cooperation with by the National Security United Nations Peacekeeping Council and the Cabinet Operations annulled Dec. 29 Ikeda appointed Minister of Nov. 12 Coronation of Emperor State for Defense 1991 Jan. 14 New Special Measures Jan. 17 Cabinet approves the Jan. 17 Coalition forces launch air Agreement concerning the establishment of the Gulf attacks against Kuwait and cost sharing of the stationing Crisis Countermeasures Iraq, Operation Desert Storm of U.S. Forces in Japan Headquarters Feb. 24 Coalition forces ground troops signed (effective April 17) Jan. 24 Government pledges an advance on Kuwait and Iraq Jan. 25 Cabinet approves ordinance additional U.S.$9 billion to Feb. 28 Coalition forces cease combat on interim measures for the efforts to restore peace in the action against Iraq airlifting of Gulf Crisis refugees Gulf region Mar. 31 Warsaw Pact structures (promulgated and enacted on Nov. 5 Miyazawa Cabinet formed dismantled January 29) Jun. 25 Croatian and Slovenian Apr. 26 Total of six MSDF vessels, Republics secede from including minesweepers, Yugoslavia depart for the Persian Gulf Jul. 10 Russian President Yeltsin Jun. 3 Disaster relief dispatch with takes office the eruption of Fugendake Jul. 31 U.S.-Soviet leaders sign on Mount Unzen (through START-I in Moscow December 16, 1995) Sep. 6 Soviet State Council approves Oct. 9 SDF personnel join U.N. teams independence of three Baltic carrying out inspections on states Iraq chemical weapons for the Sep. 17 ROK and North Korea first time simultaneously admitted to Nov. 5 Miyashita appointed Minister the U.N. of State for Defense Dec. 8 CIS agreement signed by leaders of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine at summit 1992 Apr. 1 Custody of Government Jun. 29 Law Revising Part of the Law Feb. 7 EC countries sign the aircraft (B-747) transferred to Concerning the Dispatch of European Union Treaty the Defense Agency International Disaster Relief (Maastricht Treaty) Sep. 17 SDF units dispatched to the Teams comes into force Feb. 25 China promulgates and United Nations Transitional Aug. 10 International Peace enacts Territorial Waters Act, Authority in Cambodia Cooperation Law comes into designating the Senkaku (UNTAC) (through September force Islands as an integral part 26, 1993) Oct. 23 Emperor and Empress visit of China Dec. 11 Nakayama appointed Minister China (through October 28) May 25 IAEA officials make the of State for Defense first designated inspection of North Korea’s nuclear facilities (through June 5)

— 551 — Year Defense Domestic International 1992 Dec. 18 Security Council of Japan Jun. 16 Massive cuts in strategic and Cabinet authorize arms agreed at U.S.-Russia modification of the Mid-Term summit in Washington Defense Program (FY (through June 17) 1991–FY 1995) Jul. 2 U.S. President Bush announces completion of the withdrawal to the U.S. of ground- or sea-based tactical nuclear weapons deployed overseas Aug. 24 China-ROK establish diplomatic relations Nov. 9 CFE Treaty becomes formally effective Nov. 24 U.S. completes withdrawal of its Armed Forces from the Philippines 1993 May 11 SDF units dispatched to the Jan. 13 Japan signs CWC Jan. 3 U.S.-Russia summit United Nations Operation Jun. 9 Wedding ceremony of His (Moscow); START-II signed in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) Imperial Highness the Crown Jan. 13 Signing of the Convention (through January 8, 1995) Prince on the Prohibition of the Jul. 12 Disaster relief teams Aug. 9 formed Development, Production, dispatched to Hokkaido in Stockpiling and Use of response to the earthquake Chemical Weapons and on off southwestern Hokkaido Their Destruction (through August 12) Mar. 12 North Korea announces Aug. 9 Nakanishi appointed Minister secession from NPT of State for Defense May 29 North Korea conducts Oct. 13 Japan-Russia agreement ballistic missile test over the on prevention of marine central Sea of Japan accidents signed Jun. 11 North Korea reserves the Dec. 2 Aichi appointed Minister of right to withdraw from the State for Defense NPT in a joint statement issued during first round of U.S.-North Korea consultations Sep. 1 U.S. Defense Department announces the Bottom Up Review Sep. 13 Israel and PLO sign a declaration of the principles of provisional autonomy Oct. 3 Armed clashes between UNOSOM II and armed Somali factions result in the deaths of 18 U.S. soldiers and a number of casualties Nov. 1 European Union established 1994 Mar. 1 First Japan-China security Apr. 28 Hata Cabinet formed Jan. 11 NATO summit adopts the dialogue (Beijing) Jun. 30 formed Partnership for Peace (PfP) Apr. 28 Kanda appointed Minister of Mar. 3 IAEA nuclear inspection team State for Defense starts inspections of seven Jun. 30 Tamazawa appointed Minister nuclear facilities declared by of State for Defense North Korea (through March Sep. 17 SDF units dispatched to Zaire 14) to assist Rwandan refugees Mar. 25 U.S. forces dispatched to (through December 28) Somalia complete their Nov. 9 First Japan-ROK working- withdrawal level defense policy dialogue (Seoul)

— 552 — Year Defense Domestic International 1994 Dec. 1 First Asia-Pacific Security Mar. 31 U.N. Security Council adopts Seminar (under the auspices a chairman’s statement to of the National Institute for urge North Korea to complete Defense Studies, through nuclear inspections (North December 17) Korea refuses April 4) COCOM dissolved Mar. 31 North Korea notifies U.S., which holds presidency of the IAEA Charter, of its withdrawal from the IAEA Jun. 14 Former U.S. President Carter visits North Korea and holds talks with North Korean President Kim II Sung Jun. 17 North Korean President Kim II Sung dies Jul. 25 First ASEAN Regional Forum (Bangkok) Aug. 31 Russian troops complete withdrawal from the former GDR and three Baltic countries Oct. 21 U.S.-North Korea Framework Agreement signed Dec. 1 Commander of U.S.-ROK Combined Forces devolves operational control in peacetime to ROK forces Dec. 5 START-I comes into force Dec. 18 Russia starts military operations against Chechnya 1995 Jan. 17 Disaster relief teams Sep. 4 Japanese schoolgirl assaulted Jan. 1 CSCE changes its name to dispatched after the Great by three U.S. soldiers based OSCE Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Okinawa Feb. 27 U.S. Department of Defense (through April 27) Nov. 17 Cabinet approves the publishes the EASR Mar. 20 SDF personnel dispatched establishment of a Mar. 9 Korean Peninsula Energy teams to carry out rescue consultation forum to discuss Development Organization operations in the sarin gas issues relating to U.S. bases (KEDO) established attack on the Tokyo subway in Okinawa May 11 NPT extended indefinitely system (through March 23) Nov. 19 Prime Minister Murayama Jun. 7 Taiwan President Lee Tenghui Jun. 5 Japan and ROK defense and U.S. Vice President Gore visits U.S. authorities exchange agree on the establishment of Jul. 11 U.S. President Clinton correspondence on measures the Special Action Committee announces the normalization to prevent accidents between on Facilities and Areas in of U.S.-Viet Nam relations SDF and ROK military aircraft Okinawa (SACO) Dec. 14 Formal signing of the Bosnian Jun. 9 Security Council of Japan Peace Agreement in Paris meets for the first time to Dec. 15 10 Southeast Asian nations discuss the state of future sign the South East Asia defense capabilities (total of 13 Non-Nuclear Zone Treaty at meetings through December ASEAN summit meeting 14) Dec. 20 IFOR, consisting mainly Aug. 8 Eto appointed Minister of of NATO troops, replaces State for Defense UNPROFOR and formally Sep. 27 New Special Measures commences operations in Agreement concerning the Bosnia cost sharing of the stationing of U.S. Forces in Japan signed (effective April 1, 1996)

— 553 — Year Defense Domestic International 1995 Sep. 29 Governor of Okinawa Prefecture refuses to implement part of the procedure for the acquisition of useable land under the Special Land Lease Law Nov. 28 Security Council of Japan and Cabinet adopt National Defense Program Outline for the period from FY 1996 Dec. 14 Security Council of Japan adopts the Mid-Term Defense Program (FY 1996–FY 2000) (Cabinet Decision of December 15) 1996 Jan. 11 Usui appointed Minister of Jan. 11 Hashimoto Cabinet formed Jan. 26 START-II ratified by U.S. State for Defense Apr. 12 Prime Minister Hashimoto Senate Jan. 31 United Nations meets U.S. Ambassador Jan. 27 France carries out nuclear Disengagement Observer Mondale (agreement reached tests (completion of which Force (UNDOF) on the total return of Futenma announced January 29) Mar. 29 Application for a court order Air Station, Okinawa, within Mar. 8 China carries out missile firing for the Prime Minister to five to seven years after exercises, naval and air force authorize the use of land conditions are satisfied) live-fire drills and integrated for U.S. bases as part of the Apr. 15 SACO Interim Report ground, naval and air force procedure for the acquisition approved by Japan-U.S. exercises in the waters close of useable land under the Security Consultative to Taiwan on a total of three Special Land Lease Law Committee occasions March 8–25 Apr. 1 Lease expires on part of Apr. 16 Cabinet approves the Mar. 23 Taiwan holds its first direct land being used for Sobe promotion of solutions to presidential elections Communication Site issues relating to facilities Taiwan President Lee Teng- Apr. 15 Signing of Japan-U.S. and areas of U.S. forces in hui re-elected Acquisition and Cross- Okinawa Prefecture Jul. 29 China conducts underground Servicing Agreement and its Jul. 20 U.N. Treaty on the Law of the nuclear test (its forty-fifty), procedural arrangements Seas goes into effect in Japan then announces moratorium Apr. 17 Japan-U.S. Joint Declaration Aug. 28 Supreme Court ruled on on nuclear testing on Security issued suit ordering the Governor Sep. 10 U.N. General Assembly Jul. 26 First visit to Russia by MSDF of Okinawa Prefecture to adopts the Comprehensive ships (Vladivostok, through execute his duty to sign by Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) July 30) proxy under the Special Land Sep. 18 North Korean minisubmarine Sep. 2 First visit by MSDF ships Lease law for use by the runs aground on the east coast to ROK (Pusan, through stationing forces of ROK, its crew intruding into September 6) Sep. 8 Plebiscite held in Okinawa ROK territory Sep. 18 Governor of Okinawa Prefecture Sep. 27 Taliban gains control of the carries out notification and Sep. 17 Cabinet approves the Afghan capital, Kabul, and inspection procedures in establishment of the Okinawa declares the establishment of accordance with the Special Policy Council a provisional government Land Lease Law (through Nov. 7 Second Hashimoto Cabinet Oct. 3 Russia-Chechnya ceasefire October 2) formed agreed Oct. 29 First Forum for Defense Dec. 2 SACO final report approved Nov. 5 Clinton reelected U.S. Authorities in the Asia-Pacific by Japan-U.S. Joint Security President Region (through October 31, Council Nov. 18 Basic NATO agreement Tokyo) to keep a multinational Nov. 7 Kyuma appointed Minister of stabilization force (SFOR) State of Defense to succeed IFOR in Bosnia- Dec. 24 Security Council and Cabinet Herzegovina approve responses to foreign submarines traveling underwater in Japanese territorial waters

— 554 — Year Defense Domestic International 1997 Jan. 20 Establishment of Defense Apr. 29 CWC enters into force in Mar. 14 China enacts National Defense Intelligence Headquarters Japan Law Apr. 23 Partial amendment to the Jul. 3 First artillery live-fire training Apr. 29 CWC enters into force Special Land Lease Law by U.S. Marines stationed in May 12 Russia-Chechnya peace promulgated and enters into Okinawa carried out on the treaty signed force mainland of Japan (at Kita Jul. 1 Hong Kong reverts to China Apr. 25 Provisional use of part of Fuji) (through July 9) Jul. 16 North Korean soldiers cross Sobe Communication Station Sep. 11 Second Hashimoto Cabinet the military demarcation line land starts inaugurated (MDL) and exchange fire with May 15 Provisional use of part of the Nov. 5 Plans for the construction ROK troops land belonging to 12 facilities of a sea-based heliport Jul. 18 NATO and Russia establish a including Kadena Air Base presented to the local permanent joint council starts authority and residents Jul. 23 Agreement reached Jun. 9 Self-Defense Official (Director Dec. 3 Japan signs Anti-Personnel on modification of the General of the Inspection Mine Ban Treaty framework of the CFE Treaty Bureau) is dispatched to Dec. 21 Nago City holds a plebiscite Aug. 19 KEDO holds a ceremony to the Organization for the on the planned construction mark the start of work on Prohibition of Chemical of a U.S. heliport the light-water reactors to be Weapons (OPCW) Dec. 25 Nago City mayor formally provided to North Korea C-130H aircraft transferred to announces the acceptance of Oct. 8 North Korean Labor Party Utahpao, Thailand for action the sea-based heliport Secretary Kim Jong II against armed fighting in assumes the post of General Cambodia (through July 16) Secretary Sep. 23 New Japan-U.S. defense Nov. 10 China-Russia summit cooperation Security talks: China-Russian joint Consultative Committee statement signed (Beijing), (SCC) and demarcation of the Dec. 19 Review of the Mid-Term China-Russian eastern border Defense Program (FY declared 1996–FY 2000) approved by Dec. 3 Anti-Personnel Mine Ban the Security Council of Japan Treaty signed and the Cabinet 1998 Mar. 26 Establishment of Defense Feb. 6 Governor of Okinawa refuses Feb. 23 U.N. and Iraq sign Intelligence Headquarters to accept the seabased a memorandum of Introduction of a system of heliport understanding on the SDF ready reserve personnel Jul. 30 formed agreement by Iraq to allow Apr. 28 The signing of an agreement Aug. 31 Government refuses to sign immediate, unconditional to revise the Japan-U.S. Korean Peninsula Energy and unrestricted access to Acquisition and Cross- Development Organization inspectors Servicing Agreement (KEDO) resolution on cost Apr. 6 U.K. and France ratify CTBT May 18 C-130H aircraft transferred sharing after North Korean May 11 India carries out underground to Payareva, Singapore in missile launch nuclear tests (repeated May the case of riots in Indonesia Sep. 1 Temporary freezing of Japan- 13) (through May 27) North Korea normalization May 14 Large-scale riots in the Jun. 12 Revision of the International talks Indonesian capital Jakarta Peace Cooperation Law Sep. 2 Additional sanctions on North May 28 Pakistan carries out promulgated and comes into Korea (suspension of charter underground nuclear tests force (the section concerning flights) implemented (repeated May 30) use of force enters into force Oct. 21 Japan lifts freeze on Jun. 11 Government of Pakistan July 12) cooperation with North Korea announces unilateral Jul. 29 Combined search and rescue and signs KEDO moratorium on nuclear tests operation exercise between Dec. 3 CCW revised Protocol II Jun. 22 North Korean submarine MSDF/ASDF and Russian enters into force in Japan trespasses in waters off east Navy—the first large-scale Dec. 22 Cabinet decision on the coast of ROK and arrested by combined exercise between introduction of information- ROK military forces Japan and Russia gathering satellite Jul. 12 Bodies of armed North Jul. 30 Nukaga appointed Minister of Aha Training Area returned Korean special forces found State for Defense (the first resolved issue of in waters off ROK east coast Aug. 31 North Korea launches missile SACO) Jul. 27 China publishes its first over and beyond Japanese comprehensive defense white airspace paper, “Defense of China”

— 555 — Year Defense Domestic International 1998 Sep. 3 Former Director-General of Aug. 20 U.S. military attacks terrorist Central Procurement Office facilities in Afghanistan and arrested on suspicion of Sudan breach of trust; compulsory Sep. 5 Kim Jong II assumes posts investigation to Defense of General Secretary of the Agency Worker’s Party and Chief of the Based on Okinawa Prefectural National Defense Commission Land Expropriation of North Korea Committee decision of use Oct. 23 Israel and the Palestinian on May 19, usage of most Authority sign the Wye River land of 12 facilities, including Memorandum Kadena Air Base, begins Dec. 17 U.S. and U.K. forces initiate Nov. 14 SDF units dispatched to Operation Desert Fox against Honduras with Japan Iraq as a punishment for Disaster Relief Team refusal to cooperate with (through December 9) UNSCOM inspections (through Nov. 15 First joint exercise involving December 20) all three branches (a total of Dec. 18 North Korean 2,400 personnel from the semisubmersible infiltrates GSDF, MSDF and ASDF) (Iwo ROK southern coastal waters Jima) and is attacked and sunk by Nov. 19 Announcement of the ROK Navy Basic Policy of Defense Procurement Reform Nov. 20 Norota appointed Minister of State for Defense Dec. 25 Security Council approves On Japan-U.S. Cooperative Research on Ballistic Missile Defense Technologies 1999 Mar. 23 Discovery of a spy ship off Mar. 1 Entry into force by Japan of Mar. 1 Anti-Personnel Mine Ban the Noto Peninsula (Maritime the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty enters into force security operations ordered Treaty Mar. 24 NATO starts air campaign in on March 24) Sep. 30 Critical accident at a private Yugoslavia (through June 10) Apr. 2 Announcement of Concrete uranium processing facility in May 7 NATO forces mistakenly Measures of Procurement Tokaimura, Ibaraki Prefecture bomb Embassy of China in Reform Oct. 5 Second Obuchi Cabinet Yugoslavia May 28 Bill Partially Amending the inaugurated May 20 U.S. inspection team enters Self-Defense Forces Law Oct. 12 Suspect Morodomi and North Korean nuclear facility (transportation of Japanese 12 others found guilty of at Kumchang-ni citizens and others in foreign malpractice, etc. (Tokyo Jun. 4 Government of the Yugoslav countries) promulgated and District Court) Federation accepts Kosovo comes into force Nov. 22 Governor of Okinawa conflict peace plan submitted Aug. 5 First Joint Exercise of Search Prefecture declares the site by U.S., EU and Russia and Rescue Operations proposed for the relocation of Jun. 10 U.N. Security Council adopts between MSDF and ROK Futenma Air Station peace resolution which Navy (Kyushu western Dec. 1 Former Prime Minister includes deployment of an waters) Murayama and his Mission international security force Aug. 16 Exchange of official leave for North Korea. This (KFOR), including operations documents and the signing Mission and the Workers’ in Kosovo of the Memorandum of Party of North Korea sign a Jul. 9 Taiwan “President” Lee Understanding between joint announcement (through Teng-hui describes China- the Governments of Japan December 3) Taiwan relations as a “special and the U.S. on Japan-U.S. Dec. 27 Mayor of Nago City, Okinawa state-to-state relationship” Cooperative Research on Prefecture announces the Sep. 29 Russian military unit Ballistic Missile Defense acceptance of alternative advances into the Republic of (BMD) facilities for Futenma Air Chechnya Station Oct. 12 Coup in Pakistan; Prime Minister Sharif overthrown Oct. 13 U.S. Senate rejects ratification of CTBT

— 556 — Year Defense Domestic International 1999 Aug. 25 The Law Concerning Measures Dec. 28 Cabinet decision on Oct. 25 U.N. Security Council to Ensure the Peace and Government Policy for the adopts a resolution for the Security of Japan in Situations Relocation of Futenma Air establishment of the U.N. in Areas Surrounding Japan Station Transitional Administration in comes into force East Timor (UNTAET) Sep. 23 SDF personnel dispatched to Dec. 17 U.N. Security Council implement the transportation establishes UNMOVIC of necessary resources for Dec. 20 Rule over Macao transferred international disaster relief from Portugal to China operations in the Republic of Dec. 31 Russian President Yeltsin Turkey (through November resigns 22) Sep. 25 Agreement to amend the Japan-U.S. Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement between Japan and the United States enters into force Oct. 5 Tsutomu Kawara appointed Minister of State for Defense Nov. 22 SDF personnel dispatched to Indonesia for East Timor Refugees Support (through February 8, 2000) Dec. 17 The Security Council approves the Investigation of Functions Related to In-flight Refueling 2000 Mar. 29 Disaster relief dispatch for Jan. 17 Disposal of anti-personnel Jan. 4 Italy establishes diplomatic the eruption of Mount Usu mines by civilians begins relations with North Korea begins (through July 24) Feb. 16 First assembly of the (first of the G7 to do so) May 8 Defense Agency moves to the Research Commissions on Feb. 6 Acting Russian President Ichigaya building the Constitution in the Upper Putin declares the conclusion Jun. 16 The Special Law for Nuclear House (Lower House on of operations to capture cities Emergency Preparedness February 17) in the Chechen Republic (Establishment of nuclear Apr. 5 Mori Cabinet formed Mar. 18 “Presidential” elections disaster relief dispatch) Jul. 4 Second Mori Cabinet conducted in Taiwan; Chen comes into force inaugurated Shui-bian of the Democratic Jun. 27 Disaster relief dispatch Jul. 21 Kyushu-Okinawa Summit Progressive Party elected conducted in response to the (through July 23) Apr. 14 Russian Duma ratifies the eruption of Mount Miyake Aug. 25 Replacement Facilities Strategic Arms Reduction (through October 3, 2001) Council on the Relocation Treaty II (START-II) Jul. 4 Kazuo Torashima appointed of Futenma Air Station May 7 Russian Acting President Minister of State for Defense established Putin officially assumes Sep. 8 Active MSDF official arrested Nov. 20 The 22nd Japanese duties as President for leaking secret documents Communist Party Convention Jun. 13 North-South Korean to military attaché of Embassy decides to accept the SDF Summit (through June 15, of Russia Dec. 5 Second Mori Cabinet Pyongyang) Sep. 11 New Special Measures reshuffled Jul. 21 U.S.-Russia summit meeting Agreement concerning the held, Cooperation on cost sharing of the stationing Strategic Stability announced of U.S. Forces in Japan Aug. 12 Russian nuclear-powered signed (effective April 1, submarine Kursk sinks 2001) Aug. 23 Secretary-General of the U.N. Sep. 13 SDF personnel dispatched publishes a report on U.N. to dispose of Abandoned peace operations Chemical Weapons (ACW) in Sep. 25 ROK and North Korea hold Beian, China Defense Ministers’ Talks Oct. 27 Defense Agency finishes (through September 26) report on Review and Reinforcement of Classified Security System

— 557 — Year Defense Domestic International 2000 Dec. 5 Toshitsugu Saito appointed Oct. 12 U.S. and North Korea Minister of State for Defense announce U.S.-North Korea Dec. 15 Security Council of Japan Joint Communiqué and the Cabinet adopts the In Yemen, a small boat Mid-Term Defense Program explodes, causing great (FY 2001–FY 2005) damage to U.S. Navy destroyer USS Cole Oct. 23 Secretary of State Madeleine Albright visits North Korea (through October 25) 2001 Jan. 6 Bureau of Finance and Jan. 6 Reorganization of Jan. 15 North Korean General Equipment and Central Government ministries Secretary Kim Jong II makes Contract Office established and agencies into Cabinet unofficial visit to China Feb. 5 SDF units dispatched to India Office and 12 ministries and (through January 20) for International Disaster agencies Jan. 20 George W. Bush becomes Relief Operation (through Feb. 10 The Ehime Maru, a training president of the U.S. February 11) boat from Ehime Prefecture Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Feb. 9 Personnel dispatched to Uwajima Fisheries High becomes president of the UNMOVIC (through March, School sinks off Hawaii after Philippines 2005) collision with U.S. submarine Mar. 7 Sharon administration is Mar. 1 The Ship Inspection Mar. 7 Former Maritime Self- inaugurated in Israel Operations Law comes into Defense Official is given a Apr. 1 Collision between U.S. and effect jail sentence for providing Chinese military planes Apr. 26 Gen Nakatani appointed confidential documents Jun. 15 Shanghai Cooperation Minister of State for Defense to officer of the Russian Organization (SCO) Sep. 21 First Meeting of the Embassy established Committee to Consider the Apr. 1 Information Disclosure Act Jul. 15 Pakistani President Musharraf Modality of National Defense (IDA) comes into force visits India and holds meeting Oct. 6 International peace Apr. 26 Koizumi Cabinet formed with Indian Prime Minister cooperation for the relief of May 3 Suspected North Koreans Vajpayee Afghan refugees (through detained (on suspicion of Sep. 3 President and CCP General October 12) illegal entry on a falsified Secretary Jiang Zemin Nov. 2 Anti-Terrorism Special passport) visits North Korea (through Measures Law and Law to Jun. 28 Defense Ministry Bill September 5) Amend the Self-Defense Forces presented to the House of Sep. 11 Terrorist attacks in the U.S. Law (guarding operations, Representatives by Diet occur (two airplanes crash strengthening penalties to members into the World Trade Center ensure secrecy (defense Aug. 13 Prime Minister Koizumi visits and one into the Pentagon, secrets) ) are promulgated Yasukuni Shrine killing thousands) and enforced (strengthening Sep. 19 Prime Minister Koizumi Sep. 12 U.N. Security Council passes penalties to ensure secrecy announces immediate resolution condemning the is separately enforced on measures in response to the terrorist attacks November 1, 2002) September 11th terrorist Sep. 14 Australia decides to invoke Nov. 9 SDF warship dispatched attacks in the U.S. the right of collective self- to the Indian Ocean for Oct. 8 Government of Japan defense under the ANZUS information-gathering establishes the Emergency Treaty Nov. 25 Based on the Anti-Terrorism Anti-Terrorism Headquarters Oct. 1 U.S. announces Quadrennial Special Measures Law, and decides upon Emergency Defense Review (QDR) an MSDF supply vessel, Response Measures at the Oct. 2 In response to the September minesweeper tender, and First Meeting 11th terrorist attacks in the destroyers depart for Oct. 29 Anti-Terrorism Special U.S., NATO invokes Article 5 cooperation and support Measures Law and other (on collective self-defense) of activities measures passed in the the North Atlantic Treaty Nov. 29 Based on the Anti-Terrorism House of Councillors plenary Oct. 7 U.S. and U.K. forces begin Special Measures Law, ASDF session attacks in Afghanistan begins aerial transportation Nov. 16 A Cabinet decision is made Nov. 13 U.S.-Russia Summit held, between USFJ bases for a basic plan based on President George W. Bush the Anti-Terrorism Special announces policy to cut Measures Law strategic nuclear weapons to between 1,700 and 2,200 over the next 10 years

— 558 — Year Defense Domestic International 2001 Dec. 2 Based on the Anti-Terrorism Dec. 1 Her Imperial Highness Dec. 1 Taiwan’s ruling Democratic Special Measures Law, Princess Aiko is born to Their Progress Party, led by MSDF supply vessels begin Imperial Highnesses The “President” Chen Shui-bian, refueling U.S. ships in the Crown Prince and wins majority in legislative Indian Ocean Crown Princess election Based on the Anti-Terrorism Dec. 22 Suspicious boat incident in Dec. 3 U.S. is successful in missile Special Measures Law, ASDF waters southwest of Kyushu defense testing begins international airlift Dec. 5 U.S. and Russia complete Dec. 14 A bill is introduced to partially implementation of START-I amend the Law Concerning Dec. 7 Anti-Taliban force in Cooperation for U.N. PKOs Afghanistan takes over and Other Operations (the Kandahar absolution of the freeze Dec. 13 Assault on the Indian on Peacekeeping Force Parliament headquarter activities, etc.) Dec. 20 U.N. Security Council adopts Security Council approves a resolution establishing the Selection of In-flight an International Security Refueling Transportation Assistance Force (ISAF) Aircraft Type Dec. 22 Afghanistan Interim Authority formed, with Mr. Hamid Karzai serving as Chairman Dec. 29 Russia withdraws troops from its base in Cuba 2002 Jan. 29 Based on the Anti-Terrorism Feb. 15 Cabinet decision on Jan. 8 U.S. Department of Defense Special Measures Law, international cooperation submits the Nuclear Posture MSDF supply vessels begin execution plan for East Timor Review (NPR) to Congress refueling U.K. warships in the Apr. 12 Supreme Court rejected an Jan. 21 International Conference on Indian Ocean appeal for the New Yokota Air Reconstruction Assistance to Mar. 2 680 SDF personnel Base Suit Afghanistan (through January dispatched on the First Apr. 16 Cabinet decision on the bill 22, Tokyo) Dispatch Engineering Group to amend the Law on the Jan. 29 U.S. President Bush depicts to East Timor (through June Establishment of the Security “Axis of Evil” in the State of 25, 2004) Council of Japan, the bill to the Union Address Mar. 27 Implementation of law to respond to Armed Attacks May 4 Russian Army returns Cam partially amend the Defense and the bill to amend the Ranh Naval Base to Viet Nam Agency Establishment Law Self-Defense Forces Law May 20 Independence of East Timor and Self-Defense Forces May 31 FIFA World Cup 2002 The United Nations Law (the Introduction of Korea/Japan is held Transitional Administration Candidates for Reserve Jun. 11 Investigation Report of in East Timor (UNTAET) Personnel introduction of Defense Agency Incident switches to the United Candidates for Reserve Related to List of People Nations Mission Support in Personnel, etc.) Requesting Information East Timor (UNMISET) Apr. 1 Establishment of the Labor Disclosure is released May 24 U.S.-Russia Treaty on Management Organization Jul. 29 9th Meeting (i.e. final Strategic Offensive for USFJ Employees, meeting) of the Consultative Reductions signed Incorporated Administrative Body on Futenma May 28 NATO-Russia Summit Agency Replacement Facility (CFR) reaches formal agreement Apr. 22 2nd Western Pacific is held to establish NATO-Russia Submarine Rescue Exercise Basic Plan of the Futenma Council held (the first multilateral Replacement Facility agreed Jun. 13 U.S. officially withdraws exercise organized by Japan, Sep. 11 Suspicious ship raised from from the Anti-Ballistic Missile through May 2) the sea floor (offshore Amami (ABM) Treaty Apr. 29 Prime Minister Koizumi visits Oshima Island) Jun. 29 Exchanges of fire between PKO unit in East Timor Sep. 17 Japan-North Korea Summit ROK patrol boats and North Sep. 30 Ishiba appointed Minister of held Korean patrol boats which State for Defense Kim Jong-Il, the North crossed the NLL Oct. 1 One personnel dispatched Korean President, admits and Sep. 12 U.S. President Bush makes to the Organization for the apologizes for abductions a statement about Iraq at the Prohibition of Chemical Sep. 30 Cabinet reshuffle U.N. meeting Weapons (OPCW) (as an Sep. 20 U.S. Government announces Operation and Planning the National Security Strategy Director)

— 559 — Year Defense Domestic International 2002 Oct. 15 Multilateral search and rescue Oct. 13 First International Fleet Oct. 3 Assistant Secretary of State exercise (Southern Kanto Review in Japan (Tokyo Bay) Kelly visits North Korea waters and Sagami Bay) Oct. 15 Five of those abducted return (through October 5) Nov. 1 Law to Amend the Self- to Japan Oct. 12 Terrorist bombing breaks out Defense Forces Law, which Oct. 23 APEC Summit held in Bali strengthens penalties to Oct. 16 U.S. Government announces ensure secrecy, is enforced that North Korea admitted the Nov. 18 SDF and police authority hold fact that they had a uranium joint command post exercise in enrichment plan for nuclear Hokkaido weapons when Assistant Dec. 2 One person dispatched to Secretary of State Planning and Control Team, Kelly visited North Korea Military Division, Department Oct. 23 Chechen guerillas seize the of Peacekeeping Operations Dubrovka Theater in Moscow (UNDPKO) (New York) Nov. 14 KEDO Executive Board Dec. 16 Kirishima, vessel equipped decides to freeze provision of with Aegis air defense heavy oil to North Korea from systems, departs the port December of Yokosuka, according Nov. 21 NATO Summit decides to revision (Dec. 6) in the new membership for seven Implementation Plan based countries in Central and on the Anti-Terrorism Special Eastern Europe, announces Measures Law the Prague Declaration, Dec. 19 Joint Staff Council (JSC) and agrees to establish its reports on Study of Joint high-readiness unit Operations to Minister of Nov. 27 U.N. Inspection Team State for Defense visits Baghdad to resume inspections after four years Nov. 29 IAEA Board of Governors decides to request North Korea to accept nuclear inspection Dec. 7 Iraq submits a report to the U.N. on its plan for development of weapons of mass destruction Dec. 12 North Korea announces it will resume operation and establishment of nuclear- related facilities Dec. 13 EU Summit decides new membership for 10 countries in Eastern Europe Dec. 17 U.S. announces deployment of a missile defense system 2003 Feb. 8 Antipersonnel landmines Jan. 28 Establishment of Consultative Jan. 10 North Korea announces it is possessed by the SDF are Body on Construction of leaving the Nuclear Non- all disposed of (with some Futenma Replacement Facility Proliferation Treaty (NPT) exceptions) concerning Futenma Air Jan. 24 U.S. Department of Homeland Mar. 30 International peace cooperation Station Replacement Security established activities are conducted May 30 Personal Information Feb. 25 Roh Moo-hyun is elected as for relief of Iraqi refugees Protection Law partially takes 16th President of Republic (Airborne unit for Iraqi refugee effect of Korea relief returns to Japan on Jun. 6 Three Armed Attack Situation Mar. 7 UNMOVIC and IAEA present April 2) Response related laws are an additional report on Apr. 21 ASDF in-flight refueling passed at the Upper House inspections in Iraq training Meeting (through plenary session and enacted May 1)

— 560 — Year Defense Domestic International 2003 Jul. 17 International peace Jul. 26 Law concerning Special Mar. 7 At the U.N. Security Council cooperation activities are Measures on Humanitarian meeting for foreign affairs conducted for relief of and Reconstruction officials, the U.S., U.K., affected people in Iraq Assistance in Iraq passed the and Spain submit a revised (Airborne unit for relief House of Councillors plenary resolution draft to request of affected people in Iraq session Iraq to disarm itself of returns to Japan August 18) Sep. 14 Government survey mission weapons of mass destruction Sep. 11 Ceremony to celebrate the dispatched to Middle East Mar. 15 China’s National People’s completion of the Memorial countries, including Iraq Congress elects Hu Jintao Zone Sep. 30 Cabinet decides to newly as its President, while Ziang Oct. 10 Anti-Terrorism Special establish, in its decoration Zemin remains as chairman Measures Law remains in system, an award for people of the Central Military force for another two years engaged in dangerous Commission Nov. 3 Former SDF officials activities Mar. 17 U.S. and U.K. give up decorated for their Oct. 7 Joint communiqué signed for adopting the revised engagement in dangerous the first time at Japan-China- resolution draft on Iraq at activities ROK Summit meeting U.N. Security Council Nov. 15 SDF special research group Oct. 10 “The Defense Ministry Mar. 20 U.S. and U.K. forces begin dispatched to Iraq Establishment Bill” was military operations in Iraq Dec. 19 Government decides to scrapped concurrently with Apr. 30 U.S., Russia, U.N., and EU introduce ballistic missile the dissolution of the House present Roadmap to Israeli- defense system (Security of Representatives Palestinian peace, as a new Council of Japan and Cabinet Oct. 24 Foreign Minister Kawaguchi peace process for Palestine meeting) announces US$5 billion May 1 U.S. President Bush declares Dec. 19 Order issued to GSDF, worth of assistance at termination of major military MSDF, and ASDF concerning the International Donors’ operations in Iraq implementation of response Conference for the U.S. Secretary of Defense measures based on the Law Reconstruction of Iraq in Spain Rumsfeld declares concerning Special Measures Nov. 19 Second Koizumi Cabinet termination of major military on Humanitarian and Nov. 27 Supreme Court rules on suit operations in Afghanistan Reconstruction Assistance related to dispossession of May 22 U.N. Security Council in Iraq Sobe Communication Site Resolution adopted by a large Dec. 26 ASDF advance team leaves land majority to allow member for Kuwait Nov. 29 Ambassador Oku and First states to give assistance for Dec. 30 Relief materials transported Secretary Inoue shot to death reconstruction of Iraq by air in response to great in the central region of Iraq May 31 Proliferation Security Initiative earthquake in Iran under the Dec. 9 Cabinet decision made (PSI) proposed by U.S. Law concerning the Dispatch on basic plan for Law President for the first time of Japan Disaster Relief concerning Special Measures Jun. 1 U.S.-Russia Summit meeting Teams (Iran on January 1 on Humanitarian and held and the strategic and 2) Reconstruction Assistance offensive reductions treaty in Iraq between U.S. and Russia ratified Jul. 13 Iraq’s Governing Council inaugurated Aug. 5 Suicide bombing against U.S. affiliated-hotel in Jakarta Aug. 6 Shanghai Cooperation Organization holds joint antiterrorism military maneuvers (through August 12) Aug. 19 Suicide bombing on U.N. headquarters in Baghdad Aug. 27 First Six-Party Talks held (through August 29) Sep. 12 First joint naval exercise held in the Coral Sea off the northeastern coast of Australia under the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) (through September 14)

— 561 — Year Defense Domestic International 2003 Oct. 2 North Korean Foreign Ministry announces it has finished reprocessing spent nuclear fuel rods Oct. 15 China becomes the third country to successfully launch a manned spacecraft into orbit, following the United States and the former Soviet Union Oct. 23 International Donors’ Conference for the Reconstruction of Iraq (Madrid) (through October 24) Russia establishes air force base in Kyrgyz Nov. 6 Russia-EU Summit held (Rome) Nov. 24 U.S. President Bush makes a statement about emphasis on consultation with allies in connection with global posture review of U.S. forces Nov. 26 Kashmir ceasefire agreement comes into force Dec. 4 Australia decides to participate in missile defense program Dec. 5 First meeting of advisory committee on comprehensive U.N. reform held Dec. 13 U.S. forces capture former President Hussein in Iraq Dec. 18 Iran signs IAEA agreement Dec. 19 Libya announces abandonment of weapons of mass destruction program Dec. 26 Massive earthquake strikes Iran 2004 Jan. 9 Dispatch order issued to Feb. 9 Implementation of Iraq- Feb. 4 Pakistani government admits GSDF advance team and related response measures Dr. Khan’s involvement in ADSF main detached airborne approved in Diet suspected nuclear technology unit Apr. 20 Council for security and proliferation issues Jan. 16 GSDF advance team leaves defense capabilities Feb. 25 Second Six-Party Talks held for Iraq established (first meeting (Beijing) (through February Jan. 22 ASDF main contingent leaves held on April 27) 29) for Kuwait May 22 Japan-North Korea Summit Mar. 11 Terrorist bombings on Feb. 3 Departure of first SDF held (Pyongyang) commuter train system in contingent for Iraqi Jun. 14 Five abductees return to Madrid, Spain humanitarian and Japan Mar. 22 EU General Affairs Council reconstruction support Seven bills on legislation agrees upon development of activities concerning contingency the structure and organization Feb. 9 MSDF unit for marine response measures passed of the rapid response transport leaves for Kuwait in Upper House plenary capabilities of the EU (return on April 8) session and conclusion Apr. 28 UNSC unanimously adopts Feb. 17 Attempt to fire metal bullets of three treaties approved Resolution 1540 calling to Defense Agency Special Measures Law for the for the non-proliferation of Aug. 1 Dispatch of SDF personnel Embargo on Specific Ships weapons of mass destruction to the Organization for the passed Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) as Director of Inspection Bureau

— 562 — Year Defense Domestic International 2004 Sep. 8 Defense Agency/SDF Jun. 18 Cabinet agreement for Jun. 1 Interim Iraqi Government 50th anniversary SDF’s activities in Iraq inaugurated, and Iraqi (commemorative) ceremony for humanitarian and Governing Council dissolved Sep. 27 Minister of Defense Yoshinori reconstruction assistance UNSC unanimously adopts Ono assumes office after reestablishment of Resolution 1546 on Oct. 23 Disaster relief dispatch for Iraq sovereignty (joining reconstruction of Iraq Niigata-Chuetsu Earthquake multinational forces) Jun. 23 The Third Six-Party Talks (through December 21) Aug. 13 U.S. helicopter crash at (Beijing) (through June 26) Oct. 25 PSI exercise for maritime the university campus in Jun. 28 Transfer of sovereignty to the interdiction operation hosted Ginowan City, Okinawa Iraqi Interim Government by Japan (in the offing of Sep. 27 2nd Koizumi reshuffled Aug. 16 President Bush delivers Sagami Bay and in Yokosuka Cabinet formed a speech on the military Harbor, through October 27) Oct. 4 Final report of Council posture review Nov. 7 Defense Agency/SDF 50th on Security and Defense Sep. 1 Chechen’s armed pro- anniversary commemorative Capabilities independence rebels seize troop review a school in Beslan of the Nov. 10 Intrusion of submerged Russian Republic of North Chinese nuclear powered Ossetia submarine into Japan’s Sep. 18 The IAEA Board of Governors territorial waters–Maritime adopts a resolution calling security operations order for a halt to Iran’s uranium issued (through November 12) enrichment-related activities Dec. 10 “National Defense Program Sep. 19 President Hu Jintao assumes Guidelines, FY 2005-” the position of Chairman adopted by the Security of the Central Military Council and the Cabinet “Mid- Commission of the Chinese Term Defense Program for FY Communist Party 2005–FY 2009” adopted by Oct. 6 The U.S. and ROK announce the Security Council and the a plan of three-stage Cabinet reduction of 12,500 U.S. Dec. 28 MSDF ships dispatched forces stationed in the ROK to the offing of Thailand’s by 2008 Phuket Island to engage in Oct. 29 EU leaders sign the EU the international disaster Constitution relief activities for Indonesia’s Nov. 16 Chinese Vice-Minister of Sumatra earthquake and Foreign Affairs expresses Indian Ocean tsunami regret over its nuclear disaster (through January submarine’s intrusion into 1, 2005) Japan’s territorial waters Dec. 7 Karzai sworn in as Afghan president Dec. 26 Sumatra earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami disaster 2005 Jan. 4 SDF units dispatched to Jan. 19 The Japanese Government Jan. 15 China and Taiwan agree on Indonesia to engage in the newly formulates measures special direct flights international emergency to cope with intrusion of the Abbas sworn in as Palestinian assistance in response to submerged Chinese nuclear Authority President the major earthquake off submarines in Japan’s Jan. 30 Iraqi National Assembly the coast of Sumatra and territorial waters elections tsunami in the Indian Ocean Mar. 14 A Japanese boat attacked Feb. 10 North Korean Foreign (All units returned home by in the Straits of Malacca, Ministry claims that March 23) and three crew abducted the country has already Feb. 19 Japan-U.S. Security (Released on March 20) manufactured nukes Consultative Committee Mar. 25 Cabinet decision made on (“2 + 2”/Washington)–The Basic Guidelines for the common strategic objectives Protection of Civilians confirmed Mar. 7 U.K. forces take over security mission in Al Muthanna Province of Iraq from the Netherlands

— 563 — Year Defense Domestic International 2005 Apr. 14 Crash of an MU-2 search Oct. 31 The third Koizumi reshuffled Mar. 5 China holds the 3rd session and rescue plane (ASDF/ Cabinet is inaugurated. Partial of the 10th National People’s Mountainous area of Aga- amendment of the Anti- Congress (through March machi, Niigata Prefecture) Terrorism Special Measures 14)/The Anti-Secession Law May 2 SDF officially takes part Law comes into force (validity adopted on the last day for the first time in the is extended for one year) Syrian President Assad multilateral joint exercise Nov. 3 Japan-North Korea expresses a policy of “Cobra Gold 05” conducted in intergovernmental conference withdrawing the troops Chiang Mai Thailand (through resumes after the interval of stationed in Lebanon May 13) about one year Apr. 9 Massive anti-Japan Aug. 5 Dispatch of an MSDF vessel Nov. 11 The Cabinet approves “the demonstrations in Beijing to conduct international government’s actions to be Apr. 16 Massive anti-Japan disaster relief activity in taken for the time being in demonstrations in Shanghai connection with the accident connection with the matters Apr. 28 The Iraqi Transitional of a small submarine of the approved at the Japan-U.S. Government sworn in Russian Navy off Kamchatka Security Consultation May 11 North Korean Foreign Ministry (through August 10) Committee held on October spokesman announces that Oct. 12 Dispatch of SDF units to 29, 2005” the country has completed Pakistan to conduct Nov. 16 At the Japan-U.S. summit unloading of 8,000 spent international disaster relief talks, the two countries nuclear fuel rods from its activity for damages from the agree to enhance Japan-U.S. nuclear reactor in Yongbyon great earthquake in Pakistan alliance Jun. 24 Conservative Ahmadinejad etc. (All units returned home Nov. 27 Field training under the Civil elected as Iran’s new by Dec. 2) Protection Law takes place president Oct. 20 GSDF and Hokkaido for the first time in Fukui Jul. 7 Terrorist explosions take Prefectural Police conduct Prefecture place in London joint field training against Dec. 8 The Cabinet approves the Jul. 20 The United States and India terrorist attack for the first one-year extension of period announce a joint statement time of dispatch of SDF units to concerning the formation Oct. 29 Japan-U.S. Security Iraq of “global partnership” and Consultative Committee the enhancement of U.S. (“2+2”/Washington) cooperation in the peaceful use announces “U.S.-Japan of nuclear energy by India Alliance: Transformation and Jul. 26 The first phase of the Fourth Realignment for the Future” Six-Party Talks held (through Oct. 31 Minister of State for Defense August 7) Nukaga assumes office Aug. 18 First-Ever China-Russia Joint Dec. 24 The Security Council and Military Exercises, dubbed the Cabinet approve “Japan- “Peace Mission 2005,” are U.S. Joint Development of conducted (through August 25) Interceptor Missiles Having Sep. 1 The Chinese State Council Improved Capability of publicizes a white paper titled Ballistic Missile Defense” “China’s Arms Control, Arms Reduction and Efforts for Non-Proliferation” Sep. 8 Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore agree to establish a system to jointly monitor vessels navigating through the Malacca Straits. The three countries agree to implement first-ever joint air patrol. Sep. 9 MSDF’s P-3C patrol aircraft identifies that five destroyers of the Chinese Navy, including Sovremenny Class, are navigating in the sea area surrounding “Kashi” gas field near the median line between Japan and China in the East China Sea

— 564 — Year Defense Domestic International 2005 Sep. 13 The Fourth Six-Party Talks resumes (the second phase) (through September 19) Oct. 12 China succeeds in launching a spaceship named “Shen Zhou-6” Oct. 15 Iraq conducts a national referendum for the draft constitution Nov. 9 The first phase of Fifth Six-Party Talks held (through November 11) Dec. 14 The first East Asia Summit is held Dec. 15 Iraq conducts an election of the National Assembly under the permanent constitution 2006 Jan. 23 The “New Special Measures Feb. 4 Japan-North Korea Jan. 18 Iran begins uranium Agreement on Cost Sharing negotiations concerning enrichment experiments for the Stationing of USFJ” abduction issue, Feb. 3 The United States issues the is signed (Effective on April normalization of diplomatic Quadrennial Defense Review 1, 2006) relations and nuclear/missile (QDR) Jan. 30 Senior officials of the Defense issues are held (through Mar. 16 The United States announces Facilities Administration February 6) the National Security Strategy Agency were arrested on Mar. 6 At the Japan-China Mar. 31 The new Hamas cabinet is charges of interruption of intergovernmental formed in the Palestinian bidding procedures conference, China makes a Authority Jan. 31 A compulsory search is made proposal of joint development May 20 New Iraqi government is of the Defense Facilities of gas field in East China Sea formed Administration Agency (through March 7) May 27 Large-scale earthquake takes Feb. 28 MSDF and Japan Coast Mar. 11 Iwakuni City holds a local place in the middle part of Guard conduct joint training referendum concerning the Java, Indonesia in responding to a suspicious relocation of U.S. carrier- Jun. 8 The Iraqi government vessel (off Maizuru) based aircraft in connection announces that Zarqawi was Mar. 8 Japan and the United States with the force posture killed successfully conduct a joint realignment of USFJ Jun. 16 The Nepal government and performance test of the Mar. 31 The Cabinet approves the Maoists sign peace accord next-generation sea-based Prefectural Civil Protection Jun. 27 The Israeli army attacks interceptor missile (SM-3) Plans prepared by 24 Gaza to recover its soldiers off Hawaii prefectures. 47 prefectures abducted by Palestinian Mar. 27 Partial amendment establish their own armed groups (ceasefire (measures for destructing Prefectural Civil Protection takes effect on November 26) ballistic missiles etc., Plans Jul. 5 North Korea launches seven establishment of Joint Staff Apr. 7 The Mayor of Nago City ballistic missiles Office, etc.) of the Defense agrees to the proposed Jul. 12 The Israeli army attacks Agency Establishment Law is relocation of U.S. Marine southern Lebanon to recover enacted. With the creation of Corps Futenma Air Station to its soldiers abducted by the Joint Staff Office, the SDF the site off Henoko Hezbollah (ceasefire takes establishes a joint operations May 11 The Governor of Okinawa effect on August 14) posture. Prefecture Inamine and Jul. 13 The authority to maintain Apr. 1 Partial amendment (reform Minister of State for public order in AI Muthanna of pay structure) of the Law Defense Nukaga sign a Province is transferred from concerning Allowances, etc. basic agreement on the the multilateral forces to Iraq of Defense Agency Personnel realignment of USFJ Jul. 15 U.N. Security Council is enacted May 30 The Cabinet approves the unanimously passes “Government’s Actions to Be Resolution 1695 condemning Taken in Connection with the North Korea Force Posture Realignment of USFJ, etc.”

— 565 — Year Defense Domestic International 2006 Apr. 23 Japan-U.S. defense ministers’ Jun. 20 The Government makes Jul. 31 U.N. Security Council passes meeting (Minister of State a decision to discontinue Resolution 1696 to call on for Defense Nukaga and the activities of the GSDF Iran to suspend its uranium U.S. Secretary of Defense contingent dispatched to enrichment activities Rumsfeld, in Washington)/ Iraq. ASDF units continue to Aug. 16 The Russian Coast Guard Japan and the United States support the United Nations fires on and seizes a Japanese agree to the sharing of and the multinational forces fishing boat in the Northern expenses of relocation of U.S. Jul. 5 Security Council meeting held Territories waters Marine Corps in Okinawa to to decide on the response to Oct. 9 North Korea announces that Guam as part of realignment North Korea it “successfully conducted of USFJ Jul. 19 Decision made to an underground nuclear test May 1 Japan-U.S. Security transfer weapons and under secure conditions” Consultative Committee their technologies to the Temporary cabinet formed (“2+2”/Washington) U.S. to jointly develop a by Prime Minister Surayud announces the “United Ballistic Missile Defense (former army commander) in States-Japan Roadmap for (BMD) system, and the Thailand Realignment Implementation” memorandum concluded Oct. 13 U.N. General Assembly Jun. 1 Dispatch of SDF units with the U.S. appoints Ban Ki-Moon, to Indonesia to conduct Aug. 16 A Russian patrol boat fires Foreign Minister of the international disaster relief on a Japanese fishing Republic of Korea, as the 8th activity for damages from boat, killing one of its crew Secretary-General the earthquake that occurred members. The Government Oct. 14 U.N. Security Council in central Java (All units files a strong protest to unanimously adopts returned home by June 22) Russia Resolution 1718 to impose Jul. 5 North Korea launches seven Aug. 29 U.S. Navy deploys Shiloh, sanctions on North Korea ballistic missiles into the Sea an Aegis cruiser with SM-3 Dec. 18 U.S.-India Peaceful Atomic of Japan missiles, to Yokosuka base Energy Cooperation Act Jul. 25 The 10th SDF contingent The Council Meeting on enacted for Iraqi humanitarian and Measures for Relocation The second phase of Fifth reconstruction support of Futenma Air Station Six-Party Talks held (through activities returns to Japan established, and its first November 22) Jul. 31 A part of the partial meeting held Mr. Gates appointed as U.S. amendment (strengthening Sep. 19 The Government decides to Secretary of Defense of facilities administration implement another financial Dec. 23 U.N. Security Council adopts function of the internal sanction against North Korea Resolution 1737 to impose organizations, establishment of Sep. 26 Abe Cabinet formed economic sanctions on Iran the Equipment headquarters, Oct. 13 Sanctions implemented Dec. 30 Former Iraqi President reorganization of the against North Korea, which Hussein executed Prefecture Liaison Offices into announced that it had the Provincial Cooperation conducted a nuclear weapon Offices, and so on) of the test Defense Agency Establishment Nov. 1 Partial amendment (extension Law enforced of the term for one year) of Sep. 9 GSDF Kuwait Evacuation Unit the Anti-Terrorism Special returns to Japan Measures Law enforced Sep. 26 Kyuma appointed Minister of State for Defense Oct. 9 North Korea announces that it conducted an underground nuclear weapon test Minister of State for Defense issues urgent instructions on the response to North Korea’s nuclear weapon test

— 566 — Year Defense Domestic International 2006 Dec. 15 Partial amendment (transition of the Defense Agency to the Ministry of Defense, upgrading of international peace cooperation activities to a primary mission, and so on) of the Defense Agency Establishment Law passed at the plenary session of the House of Councillors with support from the ruling parties, the Democratic Party of Japan, the People’s New Party and others (enforced on January 9, 2007) 2007 Jan. 4 Japan-Thailand defense Jan. 9 Prime Minister Abe visits four Jan. 10 U.S. President Bush summit talks (Minister of European countries (U.K., announces the new Iraq State for Defense Kyuma Germany, Belgium, France) policy and Minister of Defense (through January 13) Jan. 12 China conducts an anti- Boonrawd, in Bangkok) Jan. 12 Prime Minister Abe makes satellite test Jan. 9 The transition of the Defense a speech at the NATO North Jan. 14 ASEAN Summit begins Agency to the Ministry of Atlantic Council Jan. 17 Communist Party of Nepal- Defense Feb. 17 F-22, the latest U.S. fighter, Maoists start disarmament Ceremony held with Prime temporarily deployed at the under the supervision of the Minister Abe Kadena Air Base (returned on United Nations Feb. 18 The 23rd air transport unit May 10) Jan. 23 U.N. Security Council decides dispatched to Golan Heights Feb. 24 The fourth information to set up the U.N. Mission in takes over from the 22nd unit gathering satellite launched Nepal (UNMIN) to oversee Feb. 25 Japan-Republic of Korea Feb. 26 Japan-Mongolia summit talks disarmament in Nepal defense ministers’ meeting Feb. 27 The Council on the Taiwanese Ministry of (Minister of Defense Kyuma Strengthening of the Function Defense announces that and Minister of National of the Prime Minister’s Office China deployed 60 new J-10 Defense Kim, in Tokyo) Regarding National Security fighters Mar. 6 Japan-Malaysia defense submits a report Feb. 8 The third phase of Fifth ministers’ meeting (Minister Mar. 5 An aircraft training relocated Six-Party Talks held (through of Defense Kyuma and from Okinawa to Tsuiki for February 13) Minister of Defense Najib, in the first time as part of the Feb. 9 Mecca Agreement (Hamas Tokyo) U.S. Forces realignment and Fatah agree to Mar. 13 Minister of Defense Kyuma (through March 8) establish the Palestine unity pays a courtesy visit to and Mar. 13 Australian Prime Minister government) meets with Australian Prime Howard visits Japan, and Feb. 13 North Korea agrees to disable Minister the Japan-Australia Joint all its nuclear facilities during Mar. 15 Japan-France defense Declaration on Security the Six-Party Talks ministers’ meeting (Minister Cooperation signed Feb. 14 Iraqi Prime Minister of Defense Kyuma and Apr. 6 Cabinet decision made on al-Maliki announces that Minister of Defense Alliot- a bill to partially amend the government started Marie, in Tokyo) the Security Council new security measures in Mar. 23 Emergency response Establishment Law, and the Baghdad procedures to destroy bill submitted to the Diet Feb. 27 The 20th North Korea-South ballistic missiles prepared Apr. 9 Iraqi Prime Minister al-Maliki Korea ministerial-level Mar. 25 Disaster relief dispatch visits Japan and meets with meetings for the Noto Peninsula Prime Minister Abe Mar. 4 The Chinese government Earthquake (through April 8) Apr. 11 Wen Jiabao, premier of the announces its 2007 defense Mar. 28 A part of the partial Chinese State Council, visits budget amendment (establishment of Japan and meets with Prime Mar. 17 The Palestine unity the Central Readiness Force, Minister Abe government established and so on) of the Defense Apr. 24 Cabinet decision made Mar. 19 The first phase of sixth Agency Establishment Law to change the Basic Plan Six-Party Talks held (through enforced regarding Response March 22) Measures Based on the Anti-Terrorism Special Measures Law

— 567 — Year Defense Domestic International 2007 Mar. 30 A Patriot PAC-3 system is Apr. 25 Chief Cabinet Secretary Mar. 23 Iran seizes 15 British sailors deployed at the ASDF Iruma announces that the Council and marines in the Persian Base on Reconstruction of a Gulf (released 13 days later) SDF personnel dispatched for Legal Basis for Security was Mar. 24 U.N. Security Council decides the United Nations Mission formed under Prime Minister to impose additional sanctions in Nepal (UNMIN) as military (the first meeting held on on Iran observers May 18) Apr. 9 Presidential election in A CH-47 JA helicopter crashes Apr. 27 Prime Minister Abe visits Timor-Leste while transporting emergency the U.S. and meets with Iran announces that it began patients during a disaster relief President Bush to produce nuclear fuel on an operation (GSDF, Tokunoshima Apr. 30 Prime Minister Abe visits industrial scale Town, Kagoshima Prefecture) five Middle Eastern countries Apr. 10 The U.S. Treasury Apr. 1 Partial amendment (wide (through May 2) Department announces that area transfer allowance and May 23 The Special Measures it agrees to unfreeze North so on) of the Law concerning Law concerning Smooth Korean accounts in a Macau Allowances, etc. of Defense Implementation of the bank Agency Personnel enforced Realignment of U.S. Forces in Apr. 15 Russia launches its new Apr. 11 Japan-India vice-ministerial Japan passed at the plenary nuclear submarine Yuri level talks on defense policy session of the House of Dolgoruky Apr. 16 Japan-U.S.-India naval drill Councillors, and enacted May 3 Iraq Compact, an agreement conducted for the first time Jun. 7 Joint exercises in line with between Iraq and the Apr. 19 Japan-Germany defense Civil Protection Law in 17 international community, ministers’ meeting (Minister prefectures adopted of Defense Kyuma and Japan-U.S. Summit Meeting May 16 Mr. Sarkozy inaugurated as Minister of Defense Jung, in Japan-France Summit Meeting French President Tokyo) Jun. 20 Bill to amend the May 17 A test run of the railway Apr. 29 Prime Minister Abe inspects Special Measures Law connecting South and North the MSDF units operating for Humanitarian and Korea conducted on the Indian Ocean under Reconstruction Assistance May 20 Mr. Horta inaugurated as the Anti-Terrorism Special in Iraq, passed by the House Timor-Leste President Measures Law of Councillors (two-year The Lebanese government Apr. 30 Japan-U.S. defense ministers’ extension) force and Fatah Islam, a meeting (Minister of Defense Jul. 10 Cabinet decision on Sunni Islamist group, clash Kyuma and U.S. Secretary the extension of the May 28 U.S and Iran begin official of Defense Gates, in Special Measures Law talks for the first time in 27 Washington) for Humanitarian and years (ambassador-level) May 1 Japan-U.S. Security Reconstruction Assistance May 29 Russia announces that it Consultative Committee in Iraq succeeded in launching a (“2+2”/Washington) Jul. 16 M6.8 Niigata-Chuetsu new intercontinental ballistic announces the joint Earthquake occurs missile statement “Alliance Jul. 29 Election of the House of Jun. 6 G8 Heiligendamm Summit Transformation: Advancing Councillors (through June 8) United States-Japan Security Aug. 7 Minister for Foreign Affairs Jun. 7 U.S.-Germany Summit and Defense Cooperation” Aso and U.S. Ambassador Meeting (Heiligendamm) Prime Minister Abe inspects Schieffer sign the General At the U.S.-Russia Summit the ASDF units based in Security of Military Meeting (Heiligendamm), Kuwait Information Agreement Russian President Putin May 3 Japan-Italy Defense Ministers’ (GSOMIA) proposes joint use of the Meeting (Minister of Defense Aug. 10 Conclusion of the General radar base in Azerbaijan to Kyuma and Minister of Security of Military the United States Defense Parisi, in Rome) Information Agreement Jun. 10 U.S.-Albania Summit Meeting May 4 Japan-Belgium Defense between the Government of (Tirana) Ministers’ Meeting (Minister Japan and the Government of Jun. 12 The Government of Sudan of Defense Kyuma and the United States (GSOMIA) agrees to accept the U.S./ Minister of Defense Flahaut, Aug. 19 Prime Minister Abe visits African Union Joint PKO Unit in Brussels) Indonesia, India and Malaysia into the Darfur region Minister of Defense Kyuma (through August 25) Jun. 14 Hamas in virtual control of meets with NATO Secretary Aug. 20 China Air Boeing 737 the Gaza Strip General de Hoop Scheffer explodes after catching fire at Jun. 17 Fayad emergency cabinet May 18 ASDF controllers positioned Naha International Airport formed in the Palestinian at the Yokota RAPCON facility Aug. 27 Abe Cabinet is formed Territories

— 568 — Year Defense Domestic International 2007 Jun. 1 Partial amendment (abolition Aug. 29 Japan-Germany Summit Jun. 21 U.S. Assistant Secretary of of the Defense Facilities Meeting State Hill visits North Korea Administration Agency Enactment of Special (through June 22) and its consolidation into Measures Law for Jun. 27 Brown appointed prime the Ministry of Defense, Realignment of USFJ minister of the United Kingdom establishment of the Sep. 8 At the Japan-U.S. Summit Jun. 28 Russia succeeds in the Inspector General’s Office Meeting, Abe promises experimental launch of new of Legal Compliance and “utmost efforts” to continue submarine-launched ballistic the Local Defense Bureaus, the replenishment activities missile (SLBM), Bulava. joint units of GSDF, MSDF of the MSDF in the Indian Jun. 29 Explosives discovered in a and ASDF, and so on) of Ocean vehicle in London, terrorist the Ministry of Defense Sep. 9 At the Japan-Australia incident occurs in vehicle Establishment Law and the Summit Meeting, both at Glasgow Airport, U.K. Self-Defense Forces Law countries agree to promote (through June 30) enacted practical cooperation in line Jul. 2 Chinese National Defense Jun. 2 Minister of Defense Kyuma with the Action Plan already Minister visits North Korea attends the 6th Asia Security agreed upon (through July 4) Conference (organized by IISS, Sep. 12 Prime Minister Abe Jul. 3 Madrassa (religious in Singapore) announces his intention of school) students barricade Japan-U.S.-Australia defense resigning themselves in the Rar Masjit ministers’ meeting held for the Sep. 14 Successful launch of Kaguya (Red Mosque) in the capital first time (Minister of Defense lunar probe of Islamabad, Pakistan Kyuma, U.S. Secretary of Sep. 26 Fukuda Cabinet is formed (through July 10) Defense Gates, and Minister of Sep. 27 Japanese journalist Jul. 12 U.S. President Bush Defense Nelson, in Singapore) covering anti-government announced the interim Jun. 5 Japan-Australia defense demonstrations in Myanmar report concerning progress ministers’ meeting (Minister of shot to death by Myanmar of the Government of Iraq Defense Kyuma and Minister of law and order troops (benchmarks) Defense Nelson, in Tokyo) Oct. 1 Privatization of postal Jul. 14 Russian President Putin signs Jun. 6 Japan-Australia Joint Foreign services presidential order on the and Defense Ministerial Oct. 9 Cabinet decision to extend termination of the execution of Consultations held for the first the Government’s sanctions the Conventional Armed Forces time (“2+2”/Tokyo) against North Korea by half in Europe (CFE) Jun. 13 Implementation order a year Jul. 18 6th Ministerial Meeting issued for ASDF Golan Oct. 17 Cabinet decision on the (through July 20) Heights International Peace Replenishment Support Jul. 26 Pakistan implements Cooperation Activities Special Measures Law (draft) experimental launch of its Jun. 22 GSDF Colonel arrested on for the Maritime Interdiction cruise missile Hatf-7 (Babur), bribery charges Operation against terrorism for the fourth time Jul. 4 Koike appointed Minister of Nov. 1 Expiry of the Anti-Terrorism Jul. 27 U.S.-India Civil Nuclear State for Defense Special Measures Law Agreement Jul. 8 Japan-U.S. joint exercises Nov. 8 Tokyo Prosecutors Office’s Jul. 30 U.S. announced military aid to for BMD in sea areas arrest of former executive the Gulf States, Israel and Egypt surrounding Japan Motonobu Miyazaki of Jul. 31 The U.N. Security Council Jul. 17 Dispatch of disaster relief Yamada Corporation, a adopts Resolution 1769 on unit in the wake of Niigata defense trading company, on the dispatch of the UN/AU Chuetsu Earthquake (through charges of embezzlement of Joint PKO Unit (UNMID) to the July 29) corporate funds Darfur region in Sudan Aug. 1 Governor of Saitama Nov. 16 Prime Minister Fukuda visits Aug. 4 NASA launches unmanned Prefecture designates the United States. Mars Lander, Phoenix National Defense Medical Japan-U.S. Summit Meeting Aug. 6 U.S.-Afghanistan Summit College as disaster base Nov. 20 At the Japan-China-ROK Meeting (Washington) hospital Summit Meeting, China and Aug. 9 Afghanistan and Pakistan Aug. 8 Japan-U.S. Defense ROK commit to cooperation host Joint Peace Jirga Ministers’ Meeting (Kyuma, to normalize Japan-North (through August 12) Gates, Washington) Korea relations Shanghai Cooperation Aug. 19 Order to exchange the 23rd Prime Minister Fukuda meets Organization (SCO) conducts Golan Heights transport unit with Chinese Premier Wen Mission of Peace 2007, with the 24th Golan Heights in Singapore and both agree anti-terrorism joint military transport unit to enhance mutual military exercises relationship

— 569 — Year Defense Domestic International 2007 Aug. 22 Japan-Pakistan Defense Nov. 28 Tokyo District Public Aug. 15 M8.0 earthquake occurs off Ministers’ Meeting (Koike, Prosecutors Office arrests the central coast of Peru Iqbal, Islamabad) former Vice Defense Minister Aug. 17 Russian President Putin Aug. 24 Japan-India Defense Moriya and his wife for announces the resumption of Ministers’ Meeting (Koike, allegedly accepting a bribe in long-distance flights (patrol) Antony, New Delhi) the procurement of defense of Russia’s strategic bombers Japan-Russia joint exercises equipment Aug. 19 New constitution draft approved for search and rescue off Dec. 3 Council for Reforming the by national ballot in Thailand Vladivostok (MSDF and the Ministry of Defense meets Aug. 20 U.S.-ROK joint exercises, Russian Navy) for the first time at the Prime Osshi Focus Lens (through Aug. 27 Koumura appointed Minister Minister’s Office August 31) of State for Defense Dec. 12 The governments of Japan Aug. 28 Pakistan implements Aug. 30 Japan-China Defense and the U.S. agree and sign experimental launch of its Ministers’ Meeting (Koumura, agreement concerning the aerial cruise missile Hatf-8, Cao, Tokyo) Japanese burden of the costs (Ra’ad) for the first time Sep. 1 Local Cooperation Bureau, of USFJ (budget allocation for Sep. 2 China announces return to Equipment and Facilities sympathy) (reduction of total U.N. military registration Headquarters, Inspector of ¥0.8 billion for electricity system and participation in General’s Office of Legal and water) U.N. military expenditure Compliance, and Local Dec. 13 Russia seizes four Japanese report system Defense Bureau created fishing vessels off Kunashiri Sep. 3 U.S. President George Bush Sep. 19 12th Tokyo Defense Forum Island visits Iraq (through September 21) Dec. 19 Front headquarters of 1st Sep. 4 Malabar 07-2 (Bay of Bengal) Sep. 23 First participation as an Corps headquarters of U.S. (through September 9) observer in China military forces formed at USFJ Camp Chinese Armed Police and the exercises (Warrior-07) Zama in line with the USFJ Russian Ministry of the Interior Sep. 26 Ishiba appointed Minister of realignment conducted anti-terrorism State for Defense Dec. 24 Cabinet decisions on joint training exercises Oct. 1 First visit of ASDF U-4 to “Improvement of next “Collaboration 2007” (Russia) Australia (through October 7) fixed-wing aircraft,” “Important (through September 6) Oct. 13 Japan hosts PSI Maritime issues among contents of Sep. 5 The U.S. House of Interdiction Operation Defense Capability Build-up Representatives passes exercises (through October in FY 2008,” “Changes of resolution to express gratitude 15) (Izu-Oshima East Coast, emergent response measures for Japanese support in the Yokosuka, port of Yokohama) on destruction measures by U.S. forces’ “War on Terror” Oct. 17 Japan-U.S.-Australia joint ballistic missiles” Sep. 6 U.S.-China Summit Meeting exercises (MSDF, U.S. Navy, Dec. 27 Prime Minister Fukuda visits (Sydney) the Royal Australian Air Force) China (through December 30) Syria criticizes Israeli air Oct. 18 Ministerial order on forces’ attack on Syrian acceleration of acquisition domestic facilities reform. Acquisition reform Sep. 7 U.S.-ROK Summit Meeting promotion project team (Sydney) created with Parliamentary Sep. 8 APEC Summit Meeting (Sydney) Vice Minister for Defense (through September 9) Terada as head Sep. 11 Russian announced Oct. 19 Japan-Luxembourg Defense successful drop experiment Ministers’ Meeting (Ishiba, of air explosion bombs Schiltz, Tokyo) Russia conducts Russia-India Oct. 22 Panel to Examine Drastic joint exercises, “Indra 2007 Measures to Enhance Civilian (ground exercises)” (within Control created Russia) (through September 20) Oct. 28 Central inspection ceremony Sep. 13 U.S. President Bush (Asaka) announces that the United Oct. 31 Fire on F-2 aircraft at Komaki States will start the airport in Aichi Prefecture withdrawal of dispatched Nov. 1 Order issued on termination units from Iraq of response measures based Sep. 14 U.S. President Bush on Anti-Terrorism Special announces final report on Measures Law progress of the Government Nov. 5 Japan-U.S. joint exercises of Iraq (benchmark) (through November 16)

— 570 — Year Defense Domestic International 2007 Nov. 8 Japan-U.S. Defense Sep. 25 The United Nations Security Ministers’ Meeting (Ishiba, Council adopts Resolution Gates, Tokyo) 1778 to deploy PKO forces Nov. 28 Chinese naval vessel visits (MINURCAT) and EU forces Japan for the first time to Chad and the Central (through December 1) African Republic Nov. 29 Japan-Singapore Defense Sep. 26 The Government of Myanmar Ministers’ Meeting (Ishiba, suppresses demonstrations Teo, Tokyo) by monks and the general Deployment of Patriot PAC-3 public against the surge in in Narashino base fuel prices by force Dec. 13 Defense Minister Ishiba Sep. 27 Sixth Six-Party Talks, second meets with NATO Secretary round (Beijing) (through General de Hoop Scheffer September 30) MSDF major arrested for Sep. 30 General elections in Ukraine violating the Law Concerning The pro-Western party wins the Protection of Secrets (October 15, Central Election Incidental in line with the Commission report) Mutual Defense Assistance Oct. 1 The United States starts the Agreement between Japan temporary operation of a new and the United States of regionally integrated United America States Africa Command Dec. 14 Fire on escort vessel Shirane Oct. 2 Inter-Korean Summit is held Dec. 18 Review of USFJ Local (Pyongyang) (through October 4) Employee Wages The navies of China, Australia, (Abolishment of USFJ and New Zealand partake in Differential, etc.) a joint maritime search and Aegis vessel MSDF Kongo rescue exercise (offshore conducts a successful test on Australia) (through October 3) counter-missile by ballistic Oct. 3 The Six-Party Talks Joint missile Statement, the “Second-Phase Actions for the Implementation of the Joint Statement,” is announced Oct. 5 The Nepalese interim government announces the postponement of the Nepalese Constituent Assembly Oct. 6 Pakistan presidential election is held and President Musharraf wins by the largest number of votes Oct. 9 The seventh plenary session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (through October 12) Oct. 10 A military parade is held during the Republic of Taiwan’s national day “Double Tenth Day” Oct. 11 The United Nations Security Council unanimously adopts a chairman’s statement “strongly deploring” the use of violence against anti-government demonstrations in Myanmar Oct. 15 The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is held (through October 21)

— 571 — Year Defense Domestic International Oct. 17 The Turkish parliament approves the Turkish military’s cross-border attack on Iraq Oct. 19 Suicide bomb incident occurs aimed at former Prime Minister Bhutto in Karachi, Pakistan Oct. 24 China succeeds in the launching of its lunar orbiter “Chang’e 1” Oct. 25 The United States announces financial sanctions against the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and others Oct. 28 The Russian army conducts “Vostok2007,” a strategic command and staff corps exercise (through November 3) Nov. 3 Pakistani President Musharraf declares a state of emergency across the country (lifted December 5) Nov. 4 United States Defense Secretary Gates visits China (through November 6) Nov. 7 President Saakashvili of Georgia declares a nation- wide state of emergency Nov. 9 United States-Germany Summit Meeting (Crawford) (through November 10) Nov. 14 Inter-Korean Summit is held (Seoul) (through November 16) Nov. 20 The ASEAN Charter is signed at the 13th ASEAN Summit (Singapore) (through November 22) Nov. 21 The USS Kitty Hawk is denied docking in Hong Kong and returns to Yokosuka via the Taiwan Strait (through November 25) Nov. 24 The Australian Labour Party came into power winning a majority in the House of Representatives election, leading to the first change in administration in 11 years Nov. 27 The Annapolis Middle East Peace Conference is held Meeting of the defense chiefs of North Korea and ROK (Pyongyang) (through November 29) Dec. 2 The governing party led by President Putin wins a landslide victory in the Russian House of Representatives elections Dec. 5 The Russian navy resumes its position as a world-class presence by deploying Russian navy vessels to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea

— 572 — Year Defense Domestic International 2007 Dec. 6 India conducts ballistic missile interception experiments (Bay of Bengal) Dec. 11 Pakistan conducts its fifth test fire of cruise missile Hatf-7 (Babur) Dec. 12 Russia suspends implementation of the CFE treaty Dec. 17 British forces transfer control of security efforts in Basra province to the Iraqi authorities Russia announces its intent to provide nuclear fuel for the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant Dec. 18 The United Nations Security Council adopts a resolution to extend by one year the deployment of multinational forces in Iraq Dec. 19 Lee Myung-Bak of the Grand National Party is elected president at the ROK presidential elections The United Nations Security Council holds final status discussions on Kosovo The United States and the European Union declared a termination of the negotiations on the grounds that a resolution by the U.N. Security Council did not seem possible A humanitarian proposal towards North Korea demanding the resolution of the abduction issue and immediate return of the abductees was adopted at the United Nations General Assembly Dec. 20 The first joint army exercises between China and India (China) (through December 27) Dec. 21 Chinese and Indian forces launch their first joint anti-terrorism exercises “Join Hands 2007”(through December 27) Dec. 23 The first lower house general elections under the new constitution are conducted in Thailand The party led by former Prime Minister Thaksin becomes the leading party Dec. 25 Russia announces the ICBM “RS-24” launch experiments as well as the SLBM “RSM- 54” launch exercises Dec. 27 Former Prime Minister Bhutto of Pakistan is assassinated

— 573 — Year Defense Domestic International 2008 Jan. 14 Research involving the review Jan. 11 Replenishment Support Jan. 6 President Saakashvili of where to operate Patriot Special Measures Law is selected in Georgian PAC-3 missiles (Shinjuku voted down in the House presidential election Gyoen) of Councillors, and passed Jan. 13 Indian Prime Minister Singh Jan. 17 Order issued to implement and enacted in the House of visits China (through January replenishment support Councillors 15) activities based on the Anti- Jan. 16 Replenishment Support Jan. 16 NATO and Russia conduct Terrorism Special Measures Special Measures Law put theater missile defense Law into force exercises jointly against short- Jan. 24 The recommencement of Feb. 23 Marine Corps member range missiles in Germany replenishment support arrested in Yokohama Ceasefire agreement expires activities in the Indian Ocean Japan launches super- in Sri Lanka based on the Anti-Terrorism high-speed internet Jan. 18 Israeli forces blockade the Special Measures Law communications experimental Palestinian authority (departure of units from port) satellite (H2A rocket 14) Jan. 25 Pakistan implements a Jan. 25 New Special Measures Feb. 24 Prime Minister Fukuda visits training launch of its mid- Agreement concerning ROK range ballistic missile, Hatf-4 the Cost Sharing on the Attends appointment (Shaheen1) Stationing of U.S. forces in ceremony of new President Feb. 1 Pakistan implements a Japan signed Lee (through February 25) training launch of its mid- Jan. 30 Deployment of Patriot PAC-3 Feb. 25 Japan-ROK Summit Meeting range ballistic missile, Hatf-5 missiles at the Takeyama sub Feb. 27 Japan-Israel Summit Meeting (Ghauri) base of the ASDF Apr. 3 U.S. Marine Corps captain Feb. 11 The U.N. Security Council Feb. 5 Outline of proposals of arrested for the murder of a issues a chairman’s statement revisions to the Defense taxi driver in Yokosuka City, saying that it “condemns in Ministry Establishment Law Kanagawa Prefecture the strongest possible terms” (Changes in the number of Cabinet decision to extend by the attack on East Timorese members of SDF personnel six months the Government President Horta and others and SDF reserves due to of Japan’s sanctions against Feb. 17 The province of Kosovo in the organizational change, North Korea south of Serbia declares its clarification of the positioning Apr. 11 Japan-France Summit Meeting independence from Serbia of research conducted Apr. 16 Japan-Sweden Summit Feb. 19 President Fidel Castro resigns at the National Defense Meeting (Cuba) Academy and the National Apr. 21 Japan-ROK Summit Meeting Feb. 20 The U.S. vessel Aegis Defense Medical College, the Apr. 25 Prime Minister Fukuda visits succeeds in launching an abolishment of the private Russia, holds Japan-Russia NTWD SM-3 interceptor recruit rank and the creation Summit Meeting missile at an uncontrollable of student rank due to the May 7 Japan-China Summit Meeting satellite thus intercepting it in GSDF students no longer Joint Statement between outer space being active SDF personnel, the Government of Japan Feb. 24 President Raoul Castro and a review of extending and the Government of the appointed (Cuba) the service period of SDF People’s Republic of China on Feb. 25 ROK President Lee appointed personnel and reappointment Comprehensive Promotion Mar. 3 U.N. Security Council adopts system) of a “Mutually Beneficial resolution on additional Feb. 17 Force rotation of the air Relationship Based on sanctions against Iran for the transport unit dispatched to the Common Strategic Interests” third time, for continuing its Golan Heights was signed uranium enrichment activities Feb. 19 The collision of MSDF May 14 Japan-New Zealand Summit Ecuador suspends diplomatic destroyer Atago with fishing Meeting relations with Colombia boat Seitoku Maru May 21 Basic Space Law passed Mar. 5 China announces that its Mar. 5 Dispatch of SDF personnel to and enacted by the House of 2008 national defense budget the United Nations Mission in Councillors is approximately 6 trillion Nepal (UNMIN) as the second Jun. 1 Prime Minister Fukuda visits 74.4 billion yen, a 17.6% deployment of military three EU countries (Germany, increase on the previous year observers U.K. and Italy) (through June 5) Mar. 14 Demonstration by Buddhist Japan-Cambodia Defense Jun. 12 Japan-Australia Summit monks in the regional capital of Ministers’ Meeting (Ishiba, Tea Meeting Lhasa in the Tibet Autonomous Banh, Tokyo) Jun. 14 M7.2 (estimate) earthquake Region, China occurred inland in Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures

— 574 — Year Defense Domestic International 2008 Mar. 26 Partial revision of the Defense Jun. 18 Agreement reached between Mar. 16 President Hu Jintao Ministry Establishment Law the Government of Japan and re-selected at the National Implementation of the Government of China on the People’s Congress of China re-organization of the Self- joint development of natural Mar. 29 Arab League Summit (Syria) Defense Forces Command gas in the East China Sea (through March 30) and Communication Unit Jun. 24 Report on Information Apr. 3 At the NATO Summit, Mar. 28 Announcement of the Meeting on the Re- Croatia’s and Albania’s entries project team report for the establishment of a Legal are accepted Comprehensive Reform Basis for Security Apr. 6 U.S.-Russia Summit Meeting of Defense Equipment Jul. 6 Japan-U.S. Summit Meeting (Sochi) Procurement Japan-Canada Summit Apr. 17 U.S.-U.K. Summit Meeting Mar. 29 Deployment of Patriot PAC-3 Meeting (Washington) missiles at the Kasumigaura Jul. 7 G8 Hokkaido Toyako Summit Apr. 19 U.S.-ROK Summit Meeting sub base of the ASDF (through July 9) (Washington) Mar. 31 Japan-China talks between Japan-U.K. Summit Meeting Apr. 24 Announcement by the high-level defense officials Japan-Germany Summit Government of the United May 14 Deployment of Patriot Meeting States that North Korea PAC-3 missiles at the JASDF Jul. 8 Japan-Russia Summit assisted with the construction Hamamatsu Airbase Meeting by Syria of nuclear facilities May 16 Japan-New Zealand Defense Japan-Italy Summit Meeting destroyed in an air attack Ministers’ Meeting (Ishiba, Jul. 15 The Council for Reforming May 2 Damage in Myanmar caused Goff, Tokyo) the Ministry of Defense at by a major cyclone May 31 Minister of Defense Ishiba the Prime Minister’s Office May 12 M7.8 earthquake occurs in participates in the 7th Asia announces its report Sichuan Province, China Security Conference (hosted Aug. 1 Prime Minister Fukuda’s May 14 U.S. President Bush visits by IISS, in Singapore) Cabinet formed Israel Jun. 14 Disaster relief dispatch for May 20 Taiwanese President Ma the 2008 Iwate-Miyagi Inland appointed Earthquake May 30 The Convention on Cluster Jun. 24 First visit of SDF vessel to Munitions is adopted at an China (through June 28) international conference in Jul. 1 Six-month extension of Dublin replenishment support Jun. 17 France announces Defense activities in the Indian Ocean White Paper Jul. 15 MOD Reform Head Office Jun. 26 North Korea submits its established nuclear program Jul. 22 Meeting of members involved Jul. 10 Heads of Delegation Meeting in the MOD reform is held of the Six-Party Talks Aug. 2 Minister of Defense Hayashi Jul. 12 Heads of Delegation Meeting appointed of the Six-Party Talks announce press communiqué Jul. 13 Mediterranean Federation Meeting (Paris) * Listed in detail for two most recent years (2007-2008) as targeted in this white paper.

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