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NEW YORK ORYSTAL PALAOE POR THE EXHIBITION OP INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS.
We that the plan of Mr. At great expense this beautitul view of the This Palace is to be erected at Reservoi.r country, and already have y oung men and old I profits. �x�cted \ o ard s o t select New York Crystal Palace has been drawn and Square, in this city. a place granted to the As men too begun' to lay by a few shillings B g u , f hiS Cit}, would have been ed a d the�ontract given to h m exclusi el . engraved expressly for theScienti fic Ameri- sociation atjl nominal rent for the term of weekly o� monthly that they may be enahled .' � � : ven hiS great e oan. Among the many designs exhibited to the five years. It is situated about two miles to come fr om the far prairie and backwoods HIS lD hve talents, and p: rience facb ractical man :n. ." Association for the Exhibition of Industry, " from the City Hall, and persons will be ena to Bee the Crystal Palace in New York. (in he is the only p ' our country) in the construction of iron build that of Messrs. Carstensen & Gildmeister, ot bled to reach it from the lower part of the Measures have been adopted to obtain the ings j his superior patented mode of arching, this city, was accepted, and it is here present- city in half an hour. exhibition of goods and articles from all parts bracing, and uniting the differentparts togeth ed to our readers. The outside form of the The building will be octagonal, the dou- of the world. The inhabitants of all nations er, pointed him out to us as " the man for the building is that of a Greek cross. ble cross being the galleries. With the three have been invited to become exhibitors, and it hour. " The Committee of the Association Each diameter of the cross will be 365 feeb public entrances there will also be a private will certainly be a matter of no small inte thought differently from us, and we do not 5 inches long. There will be three similar entrance. The ground .floor is divided into resHor the Egyptian, who boasts or his coun presume to know their busmess so well as entrances-one on the Sixth avenue, one on f�ur compartments separated fr om or,e ano try as the cradle of civilization, to meet here they do themselves j hub one thing we will Fortieth, and one on Forty-second streeb.- ther by the naves and ."transepts running at and shake hands with his brother Yankee, say, and that as a prediction, the building Each entrance will be 47 feet wide, and that right angles� with two tiers of galleries. The who boasts of his country as the model of ci will cost the company far more than wh t it on theSixth avenue will be approached by a whole ot the building. is to be ·lighted by vilization-a·country, too, which three hun a would have been contracted for s total, by flightof eight steps. Each arm of the 'cross the large dome in the centre. dred years ago was trod only by the fo ot of a a "the American inventor of cast-iron build- is, on the ground plan, 149 feet broad, this is The building will be seen for a considera savage man, whose habitation was only the ings. " divided into a central nave and two aisles, ble distance, and it will command an exten wigwam of branches or the cave in the cleft - one on each side-the nave 41 feeb wide- sive view of the city. It will be a larger of the rock. Sir.ce we are to have a World's Fair in each aisle 54 fe et wide. On each tront is a building than any ever erected in our country, We unde,rstand that the· castings have all New York nexb year, we now hope it will large semicircular fan-light 41 feet wide and and will contain, on its ground floor, 11.1,000 been contracted tor and given, out, and the be an honor to our country, in every re 21 fe et high. The nave or central portion is square feet of space, and in its galleries, which utmost energy is being displayed to have the spect. We have not altered the views hith 67 feet high, and is ot lin arch 41 fe et in di- are 54 fe eb wide, 62,000 square fe et more, ma building completed so as to be opened by the erto expressed, respecting the objects which ameter. There are to be two arched naves king a total arell of 173,000 square feet for the 3rd of M.ay. Men are now busily engaged on led to the erection of this building and crossing one �nother at right angles. The exte- purposes of exhibition. The interior view of the fo undations j great activity, however, will the holding of a World's Fair in this city. rior width of the ridgeway of the nave is 71 fe et. this building will be larger and more expan have to be displayed to have it finished ab the But we now hope that our countrymen of The central dome is 100 fe et in diameter-68 sive than any structure in our land, and.those time promised j indeed, we believe it will not every arb and trade are preparing themselves feet inside from the floor to the sFfing or the who have been astounded with the first view be done, for so many contractors will, in all to exhibit machines and apparatus, which arch, and 118 feet to the crown j and on the of a great assembly under a huge tent, will, likelihood, fulfill the old saying, " too many will make us proud of their genius and artis outside.. �ith the lanterr., 149 feeb. At each when they first behold the inside of this strue cooks spoil the soup. " However, we hope tic skill. We have seen it stated that Eng angle is an octagonal tower, eight feet in dia- ture next year, teeming with a living movmg they will all get their work done in time, land will do everything to decry our effortj mflter,and 75 fe et high. Each aisle.is covered mass of congregated thousands" hold their and done well, but ib is a very different thing such language exhibits a silly tear, in which by a gallery of its own width, 24 fe et fr om breath for a time," There are larger buildings to have the work done all by one large firm there is not the leasb lIecessitv for indulging. the floor. in the world, such asSt. Peter's at Rome, and like Fox & Henderson, than to have it done From time to time, as matters of intel?Bb The number of the columns on the ground it is small in proportion to the London Crys by a number of independent companies. We turn up, we will report progress to our read floor will be 190, all hollow and of 8 inches tal Palace, still it will be "a thing of beauty, " being democlatic, however, in our notions, ers j we shall keep them posted up on all things diameter, and of different thicknesses from � and will attract thousands upon thousands to like to see large contracts divided up, so as to new';lInd the Scientific American is determin to 1 inch. On.. the gallery floor there will be this city who never visited ib before. It is give every one a share of the spoils j but here ed to kee.p up its fir&t and prominent position .�12 =�2 :w,=., d th, Wb.""'ru, .. " wiD b, oowo �bi .. . f ,=m.n w .....tin. in .'" will we hold, we do notbelieve that any of in making the besb rep�rts, and illustrating fl. '. structed of glass and iron. remote districts of this great. and growing �he contractors will grow .v�ry fat on their the newest and most interestinc machines, lite"
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© 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC �______�_·�4�2��:��==������ti�ltn�t�n�u�a�m�·��_·c_a_u�.__ __�� _____ • that will be displayed in this great American train from the fire box 0 f the 1 ocomoti ve, WI'th th e w he e1 to act as a fan in drawing off the axles j second, the bringing the axles into the Crystal Palace. We have named this building branch pipes let into the top of each car, the air; whilst fresh air is admitted from the bot- line of the radii of the curve, thereby causing . . . tjJ.e American Crystal Palace, not after the Eu· commencement of the pipe. near the engmeer' to m, passmg t hroug h a layer of sponge to de. the wheels to follow the same on a curved or • ropean fashion which gives that name to royal being fiunnel shaped , so that the all' can easl'1 y pllve"· 100 f d ust, & c. straight ro.ad. I residences, and those which have been h(iJnored rush in. There is one objection to this plan A. A. Church, of Painesville, Ohio," effects Compound Car -..dzle-By P. G. Gardiner, with royalty sleeping in them, but because it which struck us particularly, and for which the application of the brake'by the operation of New York.-This appears to be an inge. will be taken possession of by a whole army we do not recollect to have seen· any remedy: of two men stationed in front of the engineer, nious inVlmtion to overcome the difficulty of old and young American kings and queens should the 'engine be pushing the train, in. who let fall a friction wheel on the track by which occurs from the wheels being keyed on 0 next• year. We do not expect to see them stead of drawing I't, the apparatus would 01 means f a 1 ever, and wh' IC h dwin s up a chain to the axle. It is obvious that when traver. carr· . ied to it in c.arriages drawn by cream co. course be of no aval·l. connectedb y rods to the brake. The brake . sing a curve, the wheel on the rails" which has Ipled Arabian horses, but in the royal cars of The plan of W. Atwood, of Waterbury, Ct., consls ts 0 f s I'd I es w h'IC h press upon the rail the smallest radius requires to move at a les8 the Sixth avenue railroad which will take as consists of a rectangular frame· work placed when it is required to stop the trai'!!. velocity than the other. The impossibility of many passengers as may choose to go, from before the door of each car, of a larger size Car Wheel-By H. Gardiner, of Schoharie. . doing th"IS f IS a rUI'tf u 1 source 0 f'accid en t b s, ut C hambers street to the Palace, for only one than the latter, and made, apparently, of tex. . N. Y.-This is a good strong wheel, with j.� o·bvI·. a t-�b"'" y thOIS pa1 n. A n ax 1 e box,some · five.cent piece each. We should all be glad if tile india rubber. It will thus be seen·that wrought-iron spokes, but we observed nothing what similar to that used for wagons, is pIa. Queen Victoria would come over here to pay when two cars are coupied the' indl'a rubber new about it. ced on the a xl e, an d bon this ox the wheel is us a visit and see our" New York World's traming of both, which is shaped lilte a bel. secured. The axle box is held in its place by Railroad Car Seat-By A. B. Buell, of Fair; " she would meet with a really trlle and lows, closely approach ach other, and p re. � a V .shaped collar, a rim of metal to corres· Westmoreland, Oneida Co., N. Y - (See page kind welco·me: American gallantry would ex. vent the admission of the dust, while the air . pond with the inner edge of the V is screwed hibit itself in manly respect and dignifiedcour. can pass through. 305, Vol. 7). The nature of this improvement . on to the box, which thus be to ac·0 consls In' a tt ac mg t0 eth b ac sot e ordi. can made t esy. W e are confid en ttha t sh" e wou ld go away Clinton Roosevelt has a plan which con. ts h' k f h as a species of friction . In ordinary nary car outer sliding bacb, which may clutch heartily pleased with her American cousins, sists of a fan and bellow� on the top of the seats cases the axle itselt will revolve, but should be r is or lowered as By this who believe her to be a good wife and mo. car, one at each end driven by a ed required. , which are a sudden strain occur in a curve, the axle box means there is obtained a very compact car ther, and a great deal better so far as bands connected to the wheels, the one for ra. man, ill work loose an wheel thus be ena· seat eq to a high. w , d the good sense avd the government of her people pid and, the other for slow motion. Another , with a back ual concaved bled to acquire the diminished velocity reo are concerned, than many men who have a con. invention of the same party consists in obtain. backed chair, and it is so arranged that two quired. rsons sitting on the same seat, w ho may siderable reputation for statesmanship. ing the necessary ventilation by fixing at the pe. choose to have the backs at different eleva· Self·adjUBting Railroad Switch-By R. H. We will furnish stereotype cuts of the above ends of the car a frame· work of buck· skin tions, can be accommodated to their heart's de· M iddleton, of New York.-The right or the beautiful engraving for the low price of leather, which is sufficiently porous to allow $10 sire. lefllwheel of the car, according to which line each. This we do to remunerate ourselves in the air to pass through, and yet can exclude W of Cinci Ohi of rails it is upon, on approaching the switch, n � a W. arren, nnati, o, exhibits part for the great expense we have incurred the dust. This latter poi t i almost as gre t two new seats; which, for convenience, change acts upon a short lever, so arranged that the in securing it in advance of all other publica. a desideratum as the ventilator, for no one of form, and adaptation to different postures, wheel, in passing presses it down, and thus tions. travelling much on railroads can fail to find are superior to anything that we have hither. the switch is adjusted to receive the train. the dust an intolerable nuisance. to seen. J. C. Symmes, of West. Troy, N. Y., pre. STEAM MACHINERY. sents a car with a gable.shaped roof, forming Guard Cars-By Booth & Ripley, of Troy, The steam engine and its numerous appen. an air vessel at the top of the carriage j a rect- N. Y.-This is an elaborate contrivance to reo dages attract the lively curiosity of visitors, Fair of the American InoUtute. angular funnel at one end, and a sp ecies of ceive the first shock of anything on the road, whilst the boilers give a practical illustration. ,Continued from page 34.] and consists of a hu e clum y. looking iron shutter·blind at the other, complete the ar. g s of the mode of setting recommended by. Dr.. car stationed in front of the train. A.ccording to our promise ot last week, we rangement. Griffin. We also noticed two passenge cars of sheet. Sti · have given, in the present number of the Sci. As we are on the subject of ventilation, r llman's Gauges are attached, as they usu i on, which ha e the advantag of extreme • entific American, a more extended account of we may as well, in this place, make reference r v e ally are, to all well· managed boilers, and we li htness-one by Thomas E. Warren, of N ew fixed to the en· the various cfljects on exhibition at the Fair. to Robinson's Ship Ventilator, which is also g noticed a neatly.made counter ex it ork illustrated and described on page gine, which was rapidly numbering its quick For the better convenience of reference, these on hib ion, but which we do n ot consider Y , 388, Vol. 6, Scientifi A erican the other by M. are classified under separate heads, 80 that our valuable in every i nstance, especially where c m ; strokes. We are glad to see this excellent C. Butler, of New York. · readers may be able to discern at a glance foul air has leen permitted to accumulate in little invention of James Watt brought for The fearful acc d nts which oc ur from car for the use f g those subjects that are more particularly inte. the holds of ships. For ordinary purposes it i e c . ward o land en ines, and regret . . running ff the track or the b�eaking of an ' · .resting to themselves. may, perhaps, be ot use, but we do not think o the omission of an Indicator. Sioan & Leg that it oul
© 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC 43
how far it is more efficacious we are unable to of the kind in use. It is of the throstle de here we pass, in rotation, Holmes, Meade, sealing-wax from not bemg formed of grooved HAS. RIGHT, say. The many joints which are necessary to scnption, but no throstle will produce the fine Root, &c., &c. Meade's collection has .an im surlaces. C W. W M. D. the latter, are here superseded by a cord or cat work of which a mule is capable. However, posing appearance from the number of extra Cincinnati, October, 1852. --=::::;.c::::: gut. those who desire to produce the description of mammoth.-sized pictures exhibited, they are A New lUnd of Brick. Judson's Gover�or Val e- thread that the throstle is capable of produ mostly superior speCimens, but should not be This valve is The following we have seen in quite a very similar cing, may use this machine with advantage. to a disc valvev or to the regulator ticketed, as some are, with what may be call number of exchanges ;- which is used in many locomotives. Among the minor inventions are a Balance ed certificates of character-" good wine needs , "The article referred to is made of coke MISCELLANEOUS. © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC . each being bevelled at tlje back, and having a The following is its preparation :-Take eight axes or journals of the common castor roller ' groove in it. The hoppers are placed above ounces of gum benzoin, one pound of alum, are a separate spindle, not cast along with the the recesses, and the seed drops down "into and ten pints of water. Boil all together, for wheel. The evident 'improvements of this Machine for Sweeping Street&l them, and then lalls into the furrows made by the space of eight hours, in an earthenware castor for furniture will be plain to every Joseph Sawyer, of the city of Borton, Mass., the shares. The seed is distributed from the glazed vessel, frequentlv stirring the mass, cabinet or fu rniture maker. has taken measures to secure a patent for an hoppers, by slides, in the common manner. and adding water sufficient to make up the Measures have been taken to secure a pa improved machine tor sweeping streets. Three ===::>c=:::::=----- original quantity of that lost by the ebullition, tent. More information may be obtaiIied by A New Styptic. brush wheels are attached to a carriage-two taking; care, however, to add the water so letter addressed to Mr. Hanley. ==="","--- being placed at the tront and one at the back A physician of Rome has recently succeed gradually that boiling may not be suspended. Printing Type•. part. The front brush wheels are pillced ho ed in discovering a liquid possessing so extra The liquid portion ot the compound is now to We have a deep respect for the memory of rizontally under the carriage, one at each side, ordinary a power of coagulating blood, that be strained oli,and preserved in well-corked John Guttenberg, the inve ntor of movable and as they rotate, they sweep the dirt into if to a large basin containing; this fluid, one bottles.- [Albany Register. types. It was not the printing press which the centre underneath the machine, and at in drop of the styptic be added, complete solidi The alum, itself, we apprehend, is the sole l gave the grand impetus to modern civilization tervals they are made to rise and step, as it fication ensues, so that the basin may be in styptic ; it is now used for this purpose by and developed the age of discovery. No, it were, over the heap of dirt gathered to the verted without causing any blood to be lost. our dentists. was the movable type of the clear-headed centre. The brush wheel on the back of the German of Mentz. The press employed for ' machine is vertical, and is placed on a line to SWITZER'S SCREWDRIVER.---Figure 1. a long time to. take impressions, after the in the central heaps of dirt, a�d sweeps them up vention of movable type, (printing blocks as the machine moves along up a short incli were known and used before that) , was a ned shute into 'a proper receptacle. The work screw-press, but no sooner was the improve ot sweeping the dirt into heaps, and up into ment made in the type, than a reformation in the receptacle, is carried on until there is a every department of knowledge commenced. full load in the receptacle. It would be a All hail then, we say, to the memory of Gut good thing fo r this city if some more effectual tenberg. means for keeping the streets clean was intro If old German John was now to arise from duced-New Yerk streets are exceedingly dir his �rave and see the improvements which ty, and yet no city in the world paYi more have been made in the manufacture of type for keeping them clean. since his day, he would be as greatly surpri Car and Portable Railroad. sed, if npt more so, than at the improvement J. F. Jones, of Louisb urg, N. C., has taken which he himself discovered, as being supe measures to secure a patent for an improve rior to that of the old pen-made books. Of mentin car and portable railroads, the nature or this we are fully convin�ed by examining a which consists in the peculiar construction of specimen book of printing type manufactured Figure 1 is an outside view, and L!' head. By turning thestock, the barrel, C, and the car, the body of which is suspended or hung figure 2 by H. H. Green, type fo under, our next door a longitudinal section of the Jaw Screw Dri- driver, revolving to the right, the screw is upon pivots, so that it is allowed to swing, and neighbor, (128 Fulton street, New Yorkl . ver, invented by Jacob W. Sw itzer, of Basil, driven in rapidly and with great ease ; no hole thus keep the centre of gravity of the load This work contains the most beautiful sam Fairfield Co., Ohio, who has taken measures is required to be made with a gimblet, pre over the track, which may be made of a very ples of different kinds of type that we have to secure a patent therefor. This screw driver vious to driving in the screw. narrow gauge. The pivots by which the body ever seen, the manufacturer ot such type may is operated like the stock-brace, only·it has To release the jaws from the head of the of the car is suspended rest upon a frame, well fe el proud of what he has to offer to the spring jaws for holding the head of the screw- screw, all that is necessary to be done is sim which is supported by small gudgeons at the public as specimens lor all kinds of printing nail, while the driver is inserted into the ply to grasp the barrel, C, firmlywith the left ends of the axles, said gudg;eons passing -plain and ornamental. g�oove or notch in the head of the nail. The hand and keep turning in the same direction. --==-- through eyes, or loops attached to the fr ame. handle of the stock is broken off. The slot, G, allows the driver to be forced be- City Railroads. By this arrangement much friction is avoided. A is part of the handle, and B is the stock ; yond the jaws, when the barrel is grasped, and The railroads which have been constructed The coupling is so constructed as '.'0 allow the they are made in .the usulli manner ; D is the this relieves them. in New York City, have not, as yet relieved body to hang as low as possible, and this al shank of the driver, E. F F are spring jaws To draw a screw fr om a counter-sink, the the principal street-Broadway. It is almost lows it to be easily loaded. The rails are for embracing the head of the screw-nail. C driver, E, is worked to project beyond the impossible for pedestrians to cross Broad way fo rmed of detached pieces, connected by pins, is a barrel or tube surrounding the shank of jaws (which is done by holding on to the bar below the Park during any time of the day be which are attached to the illeepers,and so con 8 the driver, and legs of the spring jaws, F F. reI with the left hand and turning with the tween 7 A. M. and P. M. Females are in structed that the detached pieces can be laid The spring jaws are fastened to the ihank of right) , and then it is . inserted into the crease danger ofiosingtheir ile crossillg.. either or curved. . lix�s :w)l. . straight to --. - --=::>,c==--- the driver by.�,!"mr!qj!lf'W:thrdngha of the head of the screw, and the stock is they have run for life Or death . It hlls PISton Packing. slot, G, in saIdshank ; this slot allows the dri- turned to the left, the barrel turning round been calculated that 500 omnibuses pass a sin point in P. Merriam and A. B. Darling, of North ver to be thrust further out beyond the fa ce of with the driver. After the head is drawn out gle Broadway every hour, or more an i Adams, Mass., have taken measures to secure the jaws, or to be drawn within them. This a short distance, the barrel, C, is held firm th S every minute. It s easy to see from this a patent for packing piston heads, stuffingbox operation is performed by having a right- with the lefb hand, and the jaws are then left that it is almost impossible for persons to es, &c. India rubber or other elastic material handed thread cut on the shank, D, and a left- free, and allowed to grasp the head of the nail ; cross from one side of the street to the other. To is placed between the body of the piston head, haJlded thread, a, cut on the insi'de of the b\1r- when this is done, the barrel, C, is turned relieve the street, it is proposed to Qri'ild a railroad with a t r fe eti i-ide, and metallic rings. A selt-adjusting piston of rei, C, as shown in fig. 2. rouud with the left hand/ to bring it down iple track, each 4 equal radial pressure is thus produced. By To drive in a screw-nail, the jaws are made firmon the jaws, after which the'driver, jaws, and to employ 120 cars, so as to desi!litch one ever reversing the position of the india rubber, a to embrace the head of the nail, and are com- and barrel a�e turned to the left,and the screw y minute 'each way, or 60 an hour ; and it said that pertectly tight stuffingbox is obtained. The pressed on to them by turning the barrel, C, is drawn out rapidly. is these cars will. carry more passen gers than india rubber being used as an intermediate, to the right, the driver then being, as repre- More information may be obtairred by let- all the omnibuses. It is proposed to lay down by properly adjusting it an equal radial sented, inserted into the crease of the nail ter addressed to the inventor. a grooved rail that will not inter pressure will be created, and may be used fe re with carts and carriages. A. single horse for pistons, bellows, blowing cylinders, and llanle�·. Castoro for the Legs of Pianofortes, shape and has a broad base, C; the apex ter has drawn thirty tons at the rate of 6 3.4, Tables, &c. pumps. minates with a pin, D, which is of wrought miles per hour on the Ohio and Baltimore FIll. 1 iron and inserted in the mould of the casting, railroad, and it is contended that the great New Bun Cutlins Machine. and is thus moulded along with the axis. The amount of load which a horse can draw on Simon Ingersoll, of New York city, has ta end of this pin passes through the centre of railroad, in comparison with what it caD. ken measures to secure a patent for improve the cap at E, and is rivetted on the outside so over our paved streets, should at ovr,p', Ai ment in machinery fer cutting bungs and as to hold the fr ame and the cap together, but every reasonable person to give his f,�f ,�� v to plugs. The revolving cutter is operated in allows the frame to revolve in the cap. The the railroad for passengers, in prefe"<""':� to such a manner that it is fed in slowly by a frame, A, is made with two' channels, F (one the omnibus. while cutting, but withdraws it very ra cam I only shown) cast in it, to answer for bearings On the other hand, the owners o''' \roperty pidly when it has done its work. The teed FIG. 2' assert that a railroad will the character motion which moves the slab or plank out of of the street for busi:.�, destroy it as a is to be cut, operates the plank which the bung public thoroughfare fM prolIl€nade and plea ween the motions of the cut at intervals, bet sure. ScienCe, progress, and reason, appear spindle, to the proper distance, for every ter to be. on the side of those who advocate the plug to be cut. railroad, but �he only ----==>=- arguments which can Portable Mill.. safely be applied, are those of facts. If a rail- J. R. Howell, of Boston, and D. D. Lam . road is mOre dangerous, does not look well to bert; of New Haven, Conn., have taken mea the eye (this is for the taste of the promena sures to secure a patent for an improvement in ders) , and is more inconvenient for private portable mills, which consists in the employ carriages, so as to prevent them passing ment of an oil fo untain bush, so arranged as through Broadway for business or pleasure · to hold and retain a constant supply of oil in short, if the ad vantages of the railroad ar� around the collar of the spindle and boxes, the less than the present omnibus system, it would boxes being entirely submerged in the oil. be folly to build one ; here lies the gist of the The annexed figures represent an improve oiG G, to the wheel or roller, H, to worl;:) , . whole The upper stone is hung upon the spindle in question. Every person can see that ment in Castors, invented l>.v J. Hanley, No. The wheel or roller is secured in its pis such a manner that the ordinary bail is dis · me reform is required to remove the obstruc- 10 North William street, New York City. the pins, I I, of wrought-iron, whic pensed with, and a perfect universal joint 0 b ion to the free crossing of the street ; what Figure 1 represents a section of the frame moulded in the casting; these pins are D" shall tained. The runner stone is so attached to that reform be 1 is the q uesti?n ; the of the castor, with a section of the cap upon over the journals of the wheel, as shown by n y the spindle liS to move up and down with it. o l rational one proposM is the railroad. it. Fig. 2 is a section of the wheel or roller, --- -- the dotted lines, and it is thus secured in its it the journals cast on pieee. i New O:u-n. PlaI1ter. showing and in e place. The wheel or roller, H, s cast with By the la:t€�tnews from Europe we learn IlI.j has ta I Job Brown, of Peoria County, The same letters refer to like parts. The journals in one piece. The coonmon castors tbat the Amedcan ship Mobile was wrecked to secure a patent tor a new frame, A, of the castor and its axis, B, is made no ;ken measures", h�:'W .�v,e conical upper axis, but a straight one on the co ast ot Ireland, and all but three of whioh ud ,�W... .w.,.., in one piece. The axis, B, is of a conical mured in the cap by a transverse pin ; the th�. " houd ,,,W..d. � © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC 45-' Scientific �m!ritan. dia rubber goods, has been before our U. S. as is sometimes tound, may produce very se- viz,, " McCormiek's reaper gained a triumph Courts for some years, and it has only been rious results, hence the necessity of perfect pu- at the World's Fair." If Patrick Bell invent. Scimtific americAn brought to a conclusion within a few weeks. rillcation." These quoted sentences embrace ed a good reaper 20 years ago, Engli shmen And yet, although an injunction has been the very discovery asserted to have been made and Scotchmen ought to take shame to them NEW-YORK, OCTOBER 23, 1852. granted against H. H. Day, we cannot strictly by Dr, Jackson. selves for allowing it to cut si�ntly a fe w call it " a conclusion of the whole matter," It essential that every medical man should acres only, on the Carse of Gowrie every year, New York City. is for the defendant has published a card, stating be enabled to ascertain, readily, whether any Americans ought to be thanked for bringing we believe that From JIlanifest indications that, under the advice of his counsel, he will given specimen of chloroform be pure. Dr, this useful invention into notice at the World's to be the lar. the city of New York is destined appeal from the decision of the District J udg. Gregory presents some very excellent tests for Fair. The " Yacht America" has not yet been world. contains more gest in the At present it es to the Snpreme Court at Washington. This detecting impure and proving pure chloroform, ' beaten. No candid Englishman will contra (520,000) a than one-sixth s many inhabitants case may be banded from court to court, for which are 60 plain that no surgeon no r dentist dict this assertion ; there is a great difference as there were in our middle country seventy some years to come, before it is finally con- in our country can be excused, after this, for between losing a race and being beaten. and years ago, our whole country contains eluded. The Supreme Court at Washington using any that is impure. One is, pure chlo- The Scientific American, instead of denying it at 1 00 seven times more than there were in the may reverse the decision ofthe District Court, roform has the density of '5 , but as this praiie to fo reign inventors and inventions, has same period. The City of New York has and then, atter that, a long trial by Jury will test is troublesome, depending on temperature always been fo rward to praise them when grown with the growth and strengthened with have to put the cap on the whole or the cir. and delicate mstruments, two other modes are they deserved it. When speaking of Ameri the strength of our united Commonwealths, cumlocutions of the courts and the speeches of given. The next is to shake the chloroform can triumphs, we never employ opprobrious and with the same mighty tramp of progres counsel. The first thing that is done by a pa· in a well stoppered (not corked) bottle, along epithet2 against others. We speak as strong ill a d sive population, which now he r sounding tentee to get satisfaction for the infringement with one-half of its bulk of the oil of vitriol Iy against poor or humbugging home inven. so, from.the Atlantic to the Pacific shores, of a patent, is to apply to aU. S. Court for :m (colorless) ot the density of 1'840. If any tions as we do against f oreign ones. We en from the ten thousand sources of our popula. injunction to restrain such and such a person trace of oils is present, the acid becomes more deavor to be impartial and generous, and it is tion, will there c.ome those who will pitch or persons from infringing his patent. Notice or less yellow, and when allowed to stand, a very singular that while our fo reign scienti and their tents within our walls take up their is given to the alleged infringer of this appli. darker line appears at the junction of the li- fic exchange s have given us credit f or this abode in modern Tyre. In the natural course cation, and he at onae employs counsel, and if quids. When the yellow co lor appears, after course of conduct, a provincial journal should 01 events, the City- of New York will contain the patent is an important one, "lawyers of being shaken and standing still for a short see fit to speak in different terms, No paper 2,000,000 a population 01 of inhabitants in six the highest fees " are engaged, and on the time, the. chloroform is poured offinto another in our country, we believe, endeavors to be so ty years from the prese�t date. Nothing can plaintiff'sside the most forcible arguments are vial, whine it is shaken anew, with another impartial when speaking of fo reign inventions prevent this but some overpowering calamity, adduced to prove the defendant to be a pirate, and a smaller portion o f vitriol. If" atter , a and inventors. Our rule is truth, and our e which no one can fo res e at present, and which while, upon the defendant's side, as plausible time, this appears colorless, the chloroform motto is, " honor to whom honor is due," If no one anticipates, If such will be the migh� logic is poured forth to prove the plaintiffa may be considered pure, and it only remains the Mail had been as candid as it is captious, ty tide of population flowing through our thief. For this mdia rubber ease the great to remove the aCId from the chloroform. This it would not have used the language we have 1910, streets in 'what will the City of New Daniel Webster was employed by Goodyear, is easily done by pouring the chlorolorm into quoted. 2,000 1 == York be in A. D. This is a question and the renowned Rulus Choate by Day ', oth. a third dry vial, and. shaking it with a little To All Whom It may Concern. which no one can answer. Strictly speaking, er assistant and eminent couns.el were also em· peroxide ot manganese till its smell is quite "0GATESVILLE, ct. 4th . New York is a commercial city, a mllrt of the ployed by both parties, arid the speeches free from that of sulphurous acid, which is MESSRS. MUNN and & Co,-Please continue the sea-a port fo r tall ships a caravansera for which they made to enlighten the Judges, oc· very soon the case ; its specific gravity is then Scientific American to my former a dd reFS. the merchants and merchandise of the world. cupied a number of days. After they were 1'500, and it is perfectly pure. Another test, Enelosed find $2 in payment. Yours, On one side it is bounded by a narrow arm of all made, these same judges took a most pa. but a very delicate one, is to allow a little SAML. IVES." the sea, and on the other by a broad and no· tient view of the whole subject, and came chloroform to evaporate fr om the palm of the We publish the above letter for the purpose ble ri ver; it is secure from all winds, and the to the conclusion that they would make a hand ; when pure it leaves no smell, but if of dire cting attention to one of the most se most gigantic leviathans ot the deep can ride short day'& work of it, and hence they at once there be a trace of oils they, being less vola. rious annoyances experienced by newspaper and safely lightly close up to our wharfs and shut up Day from working any longer on his tile, remain and present a disagreeable odor, publishers, viz., the want of proper directions our warehouses. Every year it is becoming own account. It is very diffi ult to j(et chloroform, so .pure c for mailing papers. Sam'l Ives has no Iloubt more and more like a whirlpool in drawing that it will leave no odor when thus tested ; We do not know, but it is our opinion, that been a subscriber, but not at Gate.ville, and as fr om afar those who want to sell and those but no practitioner should use chloroform if it this case must . have cost each of the parties no such place appears on any of our books, who want to buy. Its centralizing influence leaves a strong and distinct smell of noxious $20,000, at least, for lawyers' fe es alone. Now, therefore the conclusion is inevitable that Mr. i� immense, and it no more can be checked oils, or if it colors the acid. These tests are is this all that our republican simplicity has Ives has never received his paper at that of. than can the tides of the ocean. Here men easy, and chemists cannot be offended if sur- wrought us, in obtaining justice for alleged fice,-indeed we never before heard of such a come with what is new, and here mm come geons refuse to use their impure chloroform, violation of rights � Is it not possible to erect place, and could never find it by the aid of Mr. to see what is new. "As iron sharpeneth iron, when it is so easy of purification and so dan- a system of United. States Jurisprudence of a I ves' letter. Gatesville may be in Maine, of a d so doth the face man his fe llow j" n the i c gerous to use. Pure chloroform produces none more economical, conclusive, and �at sfa tory North Carolina, Missouri, Texas, or any other natural. result of men eften meeting in masses i of the persistent sensations which are caused character than this � We think it is. Wh le of the thirty.one States, and, for aught we together, is both to spread and elicit know. by the impure. Dr, Gregory has seeu a spe- ·w�tl!:iNnuch, weadmit tha�l!rer know to the contrary' a ville bearing this ledge. Of Jhis we have been more sensi· cimen l abelled "pure chloroform," which to pull down than build up, and we do not name may be fo und in every State in the bly impressed during the past three weeks, e , scarcely contained a trace of that liquid, and like to disturb existing systems for new on s Union, We spent an hour in looking for Mr. than during any other period within our reo that the evils Dr. Simps(ln, the discoverer of chloroform, until good evidence is given I ves' name in hopes of discovering his where. collection, The streets of New York have and beneficial results follow. once received a bottle of apparently pure stuff will be remedied abouts, and, after finding three 01 the same been daily trod by forty thousand strangers in It is our humble opinion that if our District from a maker ot good character, and there was name, we are obliged to wait another letter search 01 business and pleasure. Nowhere Judges, in reference to patents, would at once, not one of his patients but suffe red from i� from him, in which.he may slightly hint at else have we had, or could we daily have, prayed for,. order a ' use, until he suspected the cause, tried it . when any injunction is our rascality, because we take his money with such opportunities of obtaining information any long argu- and lound it · to be impure. In " Chambers trial by Jury, without hearing out sending the paper in and 18 return. from so many different sources, of impart. would Journal," l or 51, page it is stated that it ments in equity at all, the ends of justice 57 We have many times been , 80,000 so confronted by ing it to so many different " lookers on in Ve- and satisfactorily obtained has been administered in Edinburgh be more promptly correspondents, where the fault. was entirely nice." The Fair of the American Institute Courts of Equity, for the be- times without a single llccident. We have than by holding their own. Whenever any person sends for attracts many thousands to visit this city an- the Judges_as to their now a t rlle clue to the causo of death produ- nefit ot enlightening a newspaper, great care should be taken to nually, and next year the World's Fair will willnot, at present, en- ced, in more than one instance in our country, duty in the case, We specify the address to which the paper is to :attract far more than have ever visited New discussion 01 this subject, al- on persons who had previously inhaled chlo- ter into a further be mailed. Write your names, with town, York before. The cities of the old world pos· have much upon our mind to sa'y ; rolorm without the least evil effect. though we county, an d ta S t'e, mac I ear 1 egl'b el h dan . If sess more interest to the traveller, because ---=== " at some other time we will return to it ; ,' The Niagara Mall," VB. "Scientific American." you cannot w I'!'t e paI'm I y, prmt teh dda ress III' they are nearly all historical, and the associa· say, in conclusion, that duty . and merely Roman I etters, with a pen ; this will al ways h IC "The Scientific fo rgets to relate how, that . - tion ot places Wit events w h' h h ave b ecome keep it before the people. compels us to give satisfaction, aHd insure correctness in famous ill't S or y , k'1 ndles u P the f'ee l' m gs and ex == Hobbs' own lock was picked in two hours, by mailing. Sometimes we can decypher the ad- cites the imagination ; New York cannot boast- Poisonous Chloroform-Tests f or its Purity . a London locksmith ; and that the reaper was dress from the postma. rk, but this is not al- 6 IS invented in Scotland, twenty years ago, and of t owers, castl es, venerabI e cath e d raI s, &C , ; On pages 3 and 1 , oft h· voI ume f 0 th e S·CI � . ways to be regarded because we have had nel't h er '., b oas t 0 f to er' g onument 5, re-invented by Mr. McCormick, a Scotchwan can I w m. rn ican, we pubhs. h de h t e ex e - 0 entific Amer p l'! many letters mailed from in the United States, who iiltroduced it to offices at a distance gorgeous paI aces, spI en'I' 1d wou:s 0 f tar , mu· t d ckson, of with chlo. men.' s Dr, Ja Boston, fr om the writer's residence, � . the World's Fair, and lastly,' that the ' glorious We remember 5eums 0 f renown, and gaII erJ48' 0 f pamt' m gs ; ; 't(� ' 9a d stated, e b eliev d ..fii . .•. ; n fusel oil, and as w e one from a gentl ., .. . Cd Yacht America,' has been beaten twice in eman who, we have since no, s h e can b oas t f 0 none 0 f these ; ub t ever�"·'...... /· '-y . ft;I ""l , that he made a mo t : !.} a fact had s learned, resided in South Carolina, . . , . England. The Scientific American, n<:>t only This let- year add s some th'mg new and" more ;:-nposm/i;., .. .'!: i );; ;rl ve findin out t h e f cause 0 . '.�,,, " . isco ry in g ter was dated at one , I denies the least modicum of praise to fo reign place, mailed at another, and tas ' cer am I y as t'I me wmgs 1't s fl' Ig 1- deaths which had occurred by the use . ·.l '!l')\ ', ;,��.t and contained a pos script requesting C Ie ingenuity, but not satisfied with that, there is t bis pa- cer t am I y d oes N Y kew or grow on, an d ;:' .:1>, }\i't "}j!,1}''" \; .J roforrri. T h e c hI orOlorm w h' h h d a per to and e never an invention or improvement announ· be sent to another place, in neither m' gran d eur d th an e acqUl' sl't'l On 0 f b U·i'''ll·'. 'i .&.l ';.,:·io/,sed was mad e out 0 f h'w k IS h' hey, w IC : � ,. instance was the State indicated. This, we and institutions, which will yet becoml of being made out of ced in Britain but that journal makes it its " "�",;;r;�.. this oil, instead ;j. 'e�i..i,;��n , _ h S particular business to decry either it or its au· repeat, is a great annoyance, not only to the nowne d as those 0 f L ond on or P'ans· · �·f alcohol. We now ave t 0 t t$ a e ath t th'I a � publisher but also to == . thor. The ScientificAmerican is no true lov- the correspondent. ·'\: ::·!� ,,, n9� a l'iew discovery. On pages 280 and = Important Pateut ea..e.. er of science, else such illiberality ar d vulgar ." 2ll1·,';· "Chl1.mbers' Edinburgh Journal," for Magnetic Balloon Ascent. depreciation of talent out of the nited States There have been two very important patent 1050 there is a paper by Professor Gregory on U . , Applications have, it is said, been made to , would not be permitl;ed to fill i colum s."- cases recently tried before two separate U. S. this very subject, which speaks of the danger t!! . n the proprietors of the different places of en T e Niagara Mail. District Courts ; we allude to the famous In· arising from making chloroform of the pyrox. h tertainment in London, from whence balloon . I dia Rubber Case, Goodyear versus Day, and yli". spi commerce. He states that this [There is not a sentence in the above ascents take place, by an individual who the Revolving Fire-Arms case of Colt lersus spirit o' erce contains impurities of oils, which we cannot, with reason, contradict as wishes to make an ascent suspended 30 Allen. These trials have impressed us forci- and the _ . fo rm made of it "' ia extrem.ely an untruth. Hobbs' lock has not been picked fe et below the car,· by magnetic attraction, bly with' the conviction that our U. S. Courts dangerous, because the oils mentioned are very in England ; and if the reaper was invented The method by which he prop'oses to accom. of Chancery are fo unded upon a wretched sya- deleterious when inspired, causing migraine, in Scotland 20 years ago, an assertion which plish �he fea,t is this : he possesses a magnet, tem. They are termed " Courts of Equity," sickness, and VGlmiting. These effects may be we do not deny, Mr. McCormick, although the attractive power of which will sustain a -the better name for them would be " Courts produced by chloroform containing but asmall bearing a S cotch name, is a native ot Virgi. weight of 150 lbs. ; this is to be hung by a for the benefit of Lawyers." The case of portion of these o ils, the v apor of which nia j and if he re-invented the reaper, it was line 30 feet below the cat ; round his body is �: year versus Day, for the infringement of comes in contact with the internal surface of original with:k him, and does nollmilitate against fixed an iron zone,:r which� OIl =.being bro:: ���tent for the manufacture of vulcanized in. the lungs. A larger proportion of oils, such the rema of ours, that called forth the above, near the magnet mlY at aches i !� lL , J . . © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC Scitufific} ,>lmfiic:iim ranged a. to admit of the p assage of the needles and [For the Scientific Amerioan.] mical agents and heat very well, but are ra cord through the pre.sing box, for the purpose of Colored Daguprreotypel. singly and doubly binding fieeces of wool, or other pidly dissolved by the hyposulphite of soda. snbstances, while under pressure. I have long been a reader of your valuable In one instance, I brought out a picture which GAS REGULATORS-By Walter Kidder, df Lowell, journal, and have been much interested in ma Mass. : I claim produ was invisible when the plate was taken fr om cing a uniform pre, snre of g�s in the branch pipe, which supplies the burners by ny of the communications on Electricity and t4e �amera, by using the SUlphate of iron and means of the inverted ca p, the vibratory lever, and Chemical Science, which have appeared from tho induction valve, arranged and operating within bichromate of potash, but the colors were the c hamber, of the branch pipe, snbstantially .. s tl'me to tl'me I' n I' ts col·umns. I have' been ex fa inter than the original. In this case chloro described. perimenting on Heliochromy during my lei- chromic ecid was the accelerator. GAS REGULATORS-By Walter Kidder, of Lowell, sure hours tor a fe w weeks past, and am indu Mass. : I claim producing a. uniform pressure of gas I have not been able to produce colors on in the branch pipe, which supplies the burners, ced to give you the results of my experiments, the mercurialized plate, though I have not ex Reported Offi cially for t he Scientific .11merica 'll whic� may not he varied .the number of burners supphed, nor by tlJe varlatJ?y Ons of pressure in the in the hope that others may be led to prose. perimented much on it. This presents a dif LIST OF PATENT CLAIMS main, by means of the counterpoising double inver- cute them more successfully. ficult but perhaps not impossible problem. It ted cups. the vibratory lever, and the inductor valve . . Issued from the United State. Patent Office. C M • IC m so combined and arranged with reference to the Th d'Iscovenes 0 f N'lepce V· t or, H e- seems to me, though I have not tried it, that FOR TUB WEEK BN'D ING OCTOBER 12, 1852. main and the branch pipe, that one of the said i n· liochromy have been announced to the public verted cups will be acted upon by the gas in the main, one or more colors might be produced in the ApPARATUS FOR liEA.TING FEED WATER OF . 3, STEAM BOILERS-By M. W. Ba ldwin, of Philadel and the other by tho gas in the branch pipe, as re- fo r some time ; I firstsaw them on page VoL ordinary picture by exposing the mercuriali phia, Pa., and David Clark, of Schuylkill Haven, Pa. : presentod. Scientific American,but I have heard of no We claim the arrangement of II heater for the feed 7, zed image to chemical agents before gilding. GAS REGULATORS-By Walter Kidder, of Lowell, water of stea.m boilers,.with respect to the chimney, Ol!e repeating them. An outline of M. Niepce's Mass. : I claim the producing, at all time, a proper The colors in this case would be owing rather smoke box, and the bJast pipes of the escape steam, and uniform pressure of Il&S in the branch pipe, SUbstantially as described , '0 that the heated smoke process may be found in the "Annual of Sci to chemistry than to Hillochromy. which supplies the burners, which will not be essen- and gases from the smoke-box, and the exhaust n M. tially varied by the numberof burners Bup-plied,nor entific Discovery for the year it is Niepce says that no bodies but chlorine steam from the cylinder, shaH pasF! separately 1852 ; by the variations of pre.sure in the main, by means through the heater, in distinct tubes or channels, in substantially the fo llowing :-Make a solution or chlorides are capable of producing olored of the induction valve, the vibratory lever, and the such ma.nner that they cannot mix, until both have c" counterpoising inverted cup combined and a.rra.nged of the chlorides of copper and iron, about one passed tho heater, as set forth. images_ I am inclined, however, to suspect and operating within the chamber of the main, sub- part of the mixed chloride with three or four �lILL STONES-By Thos. Barnett, of Beverly, Eng stantiall,Y as described. that when the problem of instantaneous pho hnd. Patented in England Jan. 8, 1852 : I am aware of water; The plate to be prepared is to be HARNESS SADDLE TREKS-By Thos. Mardock & tographic imageS is solved, that fluorine will that holes or a.pertures. in uppt'r and under mill Wm. C . Keller, of Cincinnati, Ohio : We claim the attached to the positive pole ofa galvanic bat- s tones, have been sometime in use, and I do not be tound �s one of the principal, if not• the crupper loop, hav;ng a shan which, claim simply the making of holes or apertures, in k, being in.erted tery, the negative pole o f which (a platinum through the cantle into the pommel, is seoured to principal, agent in their production. mill stones. as mv invention. the latter by the pad· hook, in the manner descri- I claim the making, in under mill stones, of holes plate) " is immersed in the solution, and is then I shall be happy to hear from other expe bed. . or apertures) covered with wire gauze cloth, perfora itself immersed for a short time, depending on rimenters, and shall be much pleased if any ted metal plates, or any other suhstance that will ApPARATUS FOR RANSPORT AINS I T ING TR ON N- the strength of the battery. The color of the allo w p&rt of the meal to pass through, afterit is OLINED PLANES OF RAILROADS-By Sam!. McElfa- of them should make the discovery of instan sufficiently ground, in combination with holes or trick, of Dauphin, Pa. : I claim making the axles of plate rapidly changes from the chlorine of the taneous colored images, Great credit is due apertures, in upper mill stones, containing sweepers, the safety car in two parts. the inner .end of eaoh . I t brushes, or rubb�n, for the purpose of sweeping, part being l'rovided with an ind_ependent j onrnal con- mlxe d c hlon'd es att ack' mg 't s sur,ace,' oare d , to MM. Becquerel and Niepce for their disco. rubbirrg, or brushing the meal over, or through the structed and operated as described, when this is lilac, brown, h nd even nearly black. It veries, and also for the readiness with which wire ga.uze cloth, perfora.ted metal plates, or other combined with the auxiliary wheels and auxiliary silbstances, without confining myself to the exact converging track and hub, substantiallyiin the man. should be taken out when the p I ate h as ac- they have made them public. I i, tend to de detail described. ner specified. quired a lilac or brownish tint, if sufficiently vote a part of the little leisure time I have to' GANG PLows-By Chas. Bishop, of Norwalk, O. : GRINDING MILLS-By Oldin Nichols, of Lowell, I claim the manner described of constructing the coated to hide the silvered surface completely, the prosecuting of this interesting subject. Mass. : I claim the pointed projections on the front mould boards, and combining them with the blade, AS. CAMPBELL. edges of the teetli of the cylinder, when used in if not, let it remain a little longer. With a J in the manner substantia.lly as specified. combination with the teeth in the concave formed with concavities in their battery of two of the ordinary Grove cups, Dayton, Ohio. SUGAR B OILING ApPARATUS-By Wm. H. Clement, fr out edges, substantially in the manner set forth. of Philadelphia, Pa. : I claim, first, the arrangement changed to a Smee's, by removing the porous P. S.-I omitted to mention that the plates aDd c�mbination of the simmering vessel, wilh the EXPANDING WINDOW SASHES-By Mighill Nut· cups, and charging it with dilute sulphuric ball cock and the scumming trough, Bubsta.ntially as sometimes become solarized by long exposure. ting, of Portland, Me. : I Claim the method of vary- I described ; and claim this arrangement and combi Ing the" pressure o! the edges of the expanding sash acid, so that hydrogen is not evolved too ra When this is only partial the picture may na.tion, whether alone or in further combination with against the jambs of the window frame, by meaus of a partial covering of the bottom of the simmering pidly from the platinum plates, it will take sometimes be restored by alkaline solutions. the combination of the adjusting screws and springs vessel, or the introduction of the steam worm, as de with the set screws, or the eqUivalent thereof, for from one to two ml'nutes to coat the plates suf A thin coating of some colorless varnish is scri bed. the !�'f}�rl� extent of the expansion ot the saoh, as ficiently. The plate should now well Second, the agitator arranged and operating in the . be also veW advantageous to the picture. The ma.nner and. for the purpose described. washed in rain or distilled water and dried pictures accelerate with the fluoride of so PLOW FASTENING DEvIOES-By 'James Robb, of d SCUMMING ApPARATUS FOR SUGAR ApPARATUS- Lewistown, Pa. : I claim holding the share to it. carefully over a spirit lamp. The color chan dium or the chlorochromic acid seem to be By Wm. H. Cleinent, of Philadelphia, Pa. Patented place by & tightening wedge, having .. lip for lap or 23, 1846 : I ges as the plate is heated through various in England July claim the application in bite on the sbare, in co»junction with the he&.dedor quite .permanent in ordinary diffused light. the manufacture of sugar, of rotating paddles, or lipped studs for further securing the same. shades of brown amI red, and is at its most leaves, for skimming or ta.king off the scum and gummous ma.tters from the surface of the liquor. SEED PLANTERS-By James Robb, of Lewistown, sensitive state when it takes a cherry red. It Submarine Telegraph. Pa. : I claim, first, cansing the point of the drill DISTILLING ApPARATUS-By Cha •. Delecluze, of tooth, when raised out of the ground, to slopo back· should not, however, be heated much over By our latest European exchanges we learn New York Oity : I claim, drst, the combination and wards by the ' arrangement of the drag· bar attach off. All that in a few weeks will be completed a se arra.ngement of the boiler connected by the pipes 2120 Fahr., or the surface will scale ment, the friction pulley alld the curve �f , tIle upper with the column, which enables me to work conti� part oL�loe © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC 47� t . amttitau. Stitntifit EARDSLEE'S PATENT PLANING MA C. B. G., of Conn.-We do not remember to have Paten' Clalma. TO CORRESPONDENTS. chine, for Planing, Tonguing and Grooving seen a carpenter's bevel ccmstructed in the manner aesiring the claims of any invention B Persono Boards and Plank.-This recently patented machine M. A. H., of N. Y.-You cannot get a patent forth. shown in your communication. If it is useful a. which has been patented within fourteen years, can is now in successful operation at the Machine shop eccentric on the main shaft attached to a pitman ; it patent might be granted for it. It is a very difficult obtain a copy by addressing ,. letter to this office and Foundry of M.ssrs. F. & T. 'i' ownsend, Albany is a common device applied to pumps. stampers, &c., ; N. Y.; where it can be seen. It produces work supe point to decide what view the Commissioner of Pa the patentee, and enclosing one stating the name of rior to any mode of planing before known. The and is common property to apply to auy machine for tents might take of it. dollar as fee for copying, number of plank or boards red into it is the only the sam. purpo.e A chimney on a heirht will give R. S. B., of Col. H.-If w. published your letter limit to the amount it will plane. For rights to this machine apply to the patentee at the abovenamed the best draft. A brick flue i. better than a pipe of you would regret it ; you wiil find that ice Patent Law., and Guide to Iuyentorl. foundry-or at his residence No. 164 lIroe.dway; Al- metal in its nature, but it is not of such a good form contains 140 deg. of latent heat, the trade winds bany. GEO. W. BEARDSLEE. 23tf We publish, and have for sale, the Patent Laws of inside for the draught. are not caused by the rotation of the earth on its ' 13 the United States. Tho pamphl.t contains not only • E, W , of N. Y.-Your example about the ball re axi. ; and the telescope has a f.et aperture ; all t E Y the laws but all information touching the rul •• and "'CH N R .-S. C. HILLS, No. 12 Platt-st. N. quires to be more carefully repeated. The earth tra these statement, are facts, and you would not like M Y. dealer in Steam Engines, Boilers, Iron Pla.� regulation of th. Pat.nt Ollice. Price 12 1-2 cts. per vels in its curved orbit just 80S far in 24 hours as it to see authorities quoted to make people smile at ners, Lathes, Universal Chucks, Drills; Kase's, Vou copy. Schmidt's and other Pnmps; Johnson's Shingle Ma would do in a straight line. the corrector being corrected for his want of correct chines; Woodworth's, Daniel's and Ln.w's Planing information. A. R., of N. C.-In the discharge of a cannon, the machines; Dick's Presses, Punches and Shears; Mor .. L. A. S., of N. Y.-We sent your note to lIIr. Wells, tieing and Tennoning machinesj Belting; machinery elasticity of the gases suddenly liberated by the ig- ' oil, Beal's patent Oob and Corn mills; Burr mill and He is a mHlwright and can doubtl.ss furnish you. nited powder, acts equally in all directions. ADVERTISEMENTS. Grindstones; L.ad and Iron Pipe &c. Letters to be S. C. K., of Wis.-Your favor of the 5th inst noticed must be post-paid. ltf A, B. M" of Texas.-Cast-iron cranes should not b. Term. of Advertillng. covering 15 cam. safe to hand Giil.spies work loaded with more than one-tenth of the w.ight that " lines, for each insertion, 50cto. on road making is the best one we know of. A, S -. - CRUCIBLES, and all kinds of will break them, and when they are intended to " " " $1,00 LACK LEAD Barn.s & Co., 51 John street, N. Y., publishers 8 - B mEJlting pots, of superior quality, made to order low.r heavy bodies by means of brakes, their load " " " 1 0 and wa.rranted equal to any of the kind made in the Price abont $2. 12 l - - $ ,5 should not b. more than one· twentieth of the break " " $2,00 United States, by D. H. PURINTON, Somerset, Mass. J. 16 " 210" ing weight. S., of N. Y.-You are mistaken about the tin - - All ord.rs promptly fulfilled. cannot be ad pipes, they are not so good for radiating h.at as Advertisements exceeding 16 line. A, R., of N. H.-The essential principles of statics mitted ; neither can engravings be ins.rted in the AN G MACHINES, those made of iron. We could not ad vise you to OODWORTH PL IN on and dynamics apply equally to fiuidsan d solid •. .' W hand and manufactured to order, of superior use 10 inch tin pipe upon any consideration. You a.dvertising columns at any price. quality, at reduced prices, wa ranted perfect. Also All advertisements must b. paid for b.for. in W. M ,of Mo.-Th. intensity of the magnetic force are right about �he collaps., if a vacuum is allowed !O'" steam engines and other machinery, by JOHN H. 34* is great.st at the poles, and diminishes towards the to be formed in such tube. ; this can be pr.vented serting. LESTER, 57 Pearly street, Brooklyn, L. 1. equator. by having a light valve op.ning in wards. EONARD' MACHINERY DEPOT, A., 0[-- -The statistics of the P. O. Depart S. S., of S. C.-We have referred your lett.r to a S 109 American and Foreign Patent LPearl-st. and 60 Beaver, N. Y.-Leather Banding ment would be very useful if printed on the envelopes, manufacturer for attention. Agency Manufactory, N. Y.-Machinists's Toolp, a large as· but it never would answ.r to ask for the names of the W. L. B., of Pa.-Your proper course will be to fIlortment from the " Lowell Machine Shop," and oth INVENTORS.---The undor different places of our country to be printed 9n them visit large agricultural warehouses like A. B. Allen MPORTANT TO er celebrated makers. A� a general supply of me .. Isigned having for several years been extensively chanics' and manufactur.' articles, and a. superior -it would notpay. & Mayer & Co., of this city. It Co., or John engaged ill procuring Letters Patent for new mecha� quality of oak·tanned Leatner Belting. . J. �I.p" of Tenn.-We should not wish to under would give us considerable trouble to furnish a list nical and chemical inventions, offer their services 45tf P. A. LEONARD. to inventors upon the most reasonable terms. All take your ease after its passage through oth.r hands, as complete as you would require. business entrnsted to their charge is strictly confi· ATENT CAR AXLE LATHE-I am now ma F. S. 0., of Mass.-We regard yout boiler arrange as no doubt your agent will do the best he can for dential. Private consultations are held with inven · n.ufacturing, and have for sale, the above lathes ; In P you. You could not pat.nt the wheel. ment as a novel contrivance, and have no doubt of its tors at their office from 9 A. M., until 4 P. M. weight, 5,500 lbs., price $600. I have also for sale my the expense of a.t .. patentability. You will need to test its working ventors, however, need not incur patent engine screw lathe, for turning and chucking L, K., of N. Y,-We recommend you to obtain tending in person, as the preliminaries can all be ar� tapers, cutting screws and all kinds of common job capabiliti.s. The two other devices we cannot re 1500 Minifie's Mechanical Drawing Book, price $3. ranged by I.tt.r. Models can be sent with safety by work, weight lbs., price $225. The above lathe gard as patentable. express or any other convenient medium. They ..arranted to give good satisfaction. J. D. WHITE, R. B. W., 1 ofN. C.-We do not know of any subma should not be over foot square in size, if possible. Hartford, Ct. 39 26" Z. B., of N. Y.-Yon are right about the decision rine examiner for sa.le. Willa.rd Day, of Brooklyn , Having Agents located in the chief cities of Eu· of the judge respcting the height of a smoke pipe on rope, our facilities for obtaining Foreign Patents are N. Y, i. the patentee of an apparatus for the pur AINTS, &e. &e.-AmeriCan Atomic Drier This branch of our business receives the the Ohio river boats, but the height is an entirely unequalled. Graining Colors, Anti-friction Paste, Gold Size , pose, and might furnish you with one. especia.latteN.tion of ODe of the members of the firm) P length. The spiral pipe Zinc Drier, and Stove Polish. different question from the 1Vho is prepared to advise with inventors and manu� G. W. C., of Pa.-We think your improvement in QUARTERMAN & SON, 114 John st., evil ; the shorter the horizontal tim.s, relating to Foreign Patents. would increase the facturers at all Itf Paint.r. and Chemists. constructing tireplaces and flu.es is new and patent .. & 00., Scientific American Office, fiue the better, and the higher the chimney the bet MUNN able at least we do not remember to have seen a.ny 128 Fulton street, N.w York. ter. The l'hiloaophical reasons were set forth in ATHES FOR BROOM HANDLES, Etc.-W e thing Iike It, Lcontinue to sell Alcott's Concentric Lathe) which our last volume while discussing this case. any size made to order, warran is adapted to turning Windsor Ohair L�gs, Pillars, W. D" Jr., of Pa.-There are some things abont ALLOONS-Of B ted ; also Wise's complete work on Aeronautics j Rods and Rounds; Hoe Handles, Fork Handles and your rotary engine which a.re new to us, but we can· Money received on account of p"tent Olllce bnol price $2, sent postage free to any part of the United Broom Handles. 25 This Lathe is capable of turning un.der two inches not see what advantage you gain over the one il .. ne •• for the week ending Saturday Oct. 16 :- States. A feet Balloon on hand. Orders punctu· .. ; ally att. , ded to. Addr.ss JOHN WISE , Aeronaut, diameter, with only the trouble of changing the dies lustrated in No. VoL 4, Sci. Am. N. C., of Ct , 0 : A. 0., of N. Y $50 S. B., of 18, $1 Lancaster, Pa.. 6 6* and pattern to the size required. It will turn smooth Ind., $30 ; J. E" of R. I., $15 ; R. & S,' of N, J., J. Y S" of Pa.-W. have never known of a cider .. over swells or depressions of 3-4 to th. inch and $30 : $30 ; W. C, of Ct E. V?-n.C,' of Pa., $25 ; G work as smoothly as on a straight line-and does mill embra.cing the improvement described in yours ' $20 P., of N. Y., ; S. & K ., of Pa" $20 ; J. D. C., of STAGE STAMPS,-Post Office Stamps, of the excellent work. Sold without frames for the low M., $50 ; O $25 of the 11th inst, but it is quite common in oil pre.s N. Y" $25 ; T. of Pa., H. F P., of N Y., denommation of 1, 3, or 12 cents, may be had at price of -boxed and shipped with dir.ctions for $7; J. E. W., of Pa , $30 ; N. G. N., of Mass., $30 P es. We have seen them so constructed, therefore $30 ; $5 ; f par by addressing MUNN & CO., Scientific Am.ri setting np. Address (post. paid} MUNN & CO. M. & D .. of Mass., B. R., of N. Y., J. S,0 can Office. At this Office. you could not obtain a patent for its application to Mass., $25. a new purpose . Specifications and drawings belonging t o parti.s N ARCHITECT wishes to obtain a pupil to ARRISON'S PATENT GRIST MIL Th. � L- 1. A., of Mass.-Minnifie's Mechanic&l Drawing with the following; initials have been forwarded to A learn the a.rt and science of Architecture j H best i tho world There are hundreds of the terms, & c., will b. made known on application by mills now in use, which are justly acknowledged to Book treats upon All bra nche. of the art. Th. price enaing Saturday , the Patent Office during the week letter (post-paid) to EDSO N & ENGELBERT, Ar- be unequa.lled by any others,for large fiouring estab of the book inclading pre-payment of postage is $3,50. Oct. 16 : chitects, No, 85 Nassau st" N. Y. 52* lishments as well as for fa.rmers' use, to be dri We can give no informa.tion in regard to the rule.. ..."",.N. Y...; T. & M" of Mass, i J. F.,J., of ven by horse- power. They will grind more grain $1 " ,.1b..•�:l 0fAt M·· ; G W D. with a given amount of power, will heat the meal We have placed the to your credit for an addition- N. '0 S,.-OfOhlo ,;T, c, B. ELY, Conn.ellor at Law, 46 Washington of N. Y. ; H. F. P., of N. y, ; H. & L" of Ma.s. far I.ess, and require but half the sharpening of other • st., Boston, will give particular attention to 0.1 six months su.bscription. A mills. Patent rights for California and the Western === == Pat.nt Ca.... Refers to Munn & Co., Scientific sta.tes, and the mil s also, are for sale at the corner J. D. B., of Ala.-Th.re are no good low priced Cheap Postage-Important to Subscribe .... American. 13tf of Court a.nd Union streets, New Haven, Ot , by works upon architecture. The American House Car· 1 6* EDWARD HARRISON. $2. The amended postage law, a. enacted by the last penter is useful and i. sold for about -SEVEN RSE POWER -We have 500 HO RA WIN G B AR S 29 Congr ••s, having gone into effect on the 1st in st., $ for sale .. firstrate 7 horse-power Engine O D -Patent ; 23 by inch I. W M., of Vt.-Th. form of tho lathe could not es, with extensive Scales we take occasion to make an extract fr om one of the and Boiler, fitted with governor, pump, fly.. wheel, D and Sheet Fastener. be secured by a. patent, the machine could, in our Descriptive Circulars stmt on application ; $10 for will see that safety valve, g:cate bars, etc., all complete to be set sections, from which our mail patrons Board "nd T Rule. Sent by Express, Address, post opinion, be secured. The Alcott lathe is a good one, immediately to running. The cylinder of the en Ame & the it.m of postage on the Scientific rican will gine is six inches bore, and the stroke of the piston paid, CHAMBERLIN 00" Pittsfield, Mas.. 60t we know of none better, but ca.nnotadvise you re .. in future b. less by one-half than formerly. Is 16 inches. The engine is attached to a cast-iron specting the ma.rket for handles here. bed plate, and is one of Mann's best ma.ke The & GRAY (Successors to TRAC Y & " Any periodical or newspaper, under three ounces ALES boiler is an upright, 6 feet high, and 3 feet in diame· FALES) , RAILROAD CAR MANUFACTU N. A., of Ne.-We have no doubt of the suceess of Unit.d F in weight, can be sent to any part of the ter, composed of 50 flues, havi ng all the connecting RERS-Grove Works, Hartford, Connecticut. Pas· your invention when fairly brought out. The cause states for one c.nt, and if paid quarterly or yearly pip.s complete and ready to be s.t up and attached senger, freight, and all other descriptions of railroad to the engine in half an hour's time. The engine cars and locomotive tenders made to order promptly. of its failure is donbtless owing to defective work� in advance, either at the offi ce of mailing or delive- and boiler at the price above named ($500) is aston· Itf mau,hip. The latter is important to the success of ry, will b. transmitted by the mails for half a cent ishingly cheap for its worth, and we hope soon to every mechanic. each number ; that is, for a daily paper, the postage rec.ive an order for them. Boxed and shipp.d for 00., MPORTANT TO SOAP MA ERS-Letters will be only thirty nine cents a quarter, or one dol Address MUNN & Sci.ntific American K H. B. G., of III.-We are not able to give you the ����. I Patent of the United States having been issued required information about the " grits". The paper lar and fifty cents a year; a we.kly paper or �erio- to Wm. McCord on the 27th of July, for a valq,able improvement in Soap, all manufacturers, venders, will be seut to your address r.gularly. It has been dical will be charged only six and a half cents a . ADAMS & SONS, Patent Felly Ma and users are hereby cautioned against the use 0 directed to lhe wrong State. quarter, or twenty· six cents a year. If the welg ht JOSEPH chine-We are the authorized ag.nts for dispo- Kaolin, or other equivalent aluminous minera.ls does not exceed an ounce and a. half, it may be cir.. sing machines combined with ammonia, as they will, by so doing, R. T., of Phila.-Your measuring apparatus app ears and rights for running the same. This cnlated in the State where published at half of the machine is simple in constrnction and easily kept in infringe this patent, and subject themselves to pro .. to be very simple, but we cannot und.rtake to fur repair, and cutting at the rate of 70 fellies per hour secution. All the necessary fixtures for making 2000 a.bove rates." nish you with a party who would engage in their (without saws ) All orders for machin •• and rights lbs. per day, will cost not to exceed $75 ; two per According to the above extract, subscribers to the for counties, 01 Stat., will be promptly attended to, sons only required to attend the manufacture. manufacture. Th!s object might be accomplished by 113 Scientific American, r.siding in t1::e State of New address J. COLTON, Chambers st., N. Y. Rights to manufacture this the most valuabl e soap, an ad vertiseme:g.t. N. B.-Patent rights or patented articles disposed are offered for sale on reasona.ble terms. Apply to York will receive their papers by mail at thirteen of in the city and through our agent. in the coun- WM. McCORD, 141 Sullive.n st., N. Y. 47tf A. S. A" of Conn.-Yon could not patent the ap �' cents pe annum, instead of thirteen cents per quar.. try for &. small commission. [) 2* plication of any well-known method to a new pur ter as formerly, thus reducing the cost of the Scien- RARE CHANCE-TO MACHINIS�·S-A. pose. It is not regarded as an invention. An in .. can thirty-ni cents per an um to mail tific Ameri ne n ANTED-A Wagon and Buggy maker. For A signee's sa.le of Machinists' Tools : these tools veniionmay be publicly used two years before making subscribers-an it.m worth saving. W particulars, address R. Y. RUSSELL, Newnan, -have been in use about four months, and con-sist of Planers, Lathes, DdU Presses, an application for a patent, but il is not always safe to Subscribers in the most remote part of the conn- Coweta Co , Ga. 4 3'" and Universal Chucks, which are for sale from 20 to 25 per cent. less th an take advantage of this provision in the law. to pay but six and a half cent. try will be required cost. For particulars address (post· paid} JOHN SELF CENTERING LATHE-The J. C. S., of N. Y.-We do not as yet understand the per quarter in future for the Scientific American, AILEY'S - PARSHLEY, New Haven, Ct. 49tf B best in America for Ohair Stuff, Wagon Thills, manner in which examinations will be conducted un .. and although some postmasters may insist upon Rake, Fork, Hoe, and BroomHandles. Persons wish· der Mr. Ray's prizes. We suppose the investigations higher rates, our patrons should r.sist the att.mpt ing this Lathe, warranted to do twice the work of OGAN VAIL & CO., No. 9 Gold street, New _ any other lath., by applying to L. A. SPALDING, L York, agents for George Vail & Co., Speedwell to .xt or t money from th em by any pret en d e d con will be conducted a w.ek at least before the close of Lockport, N. Y., can b. supplied. The following Iron Works, have constantly on hand Saw Mill and the exhibition. struction of the more obscure points in the statute certificate of Birge & Brother, extensive chair man,,- Grist Mill Irons, Press Screws, Bogardus' Horse .. facturers, at Troy, N. Y., is to the point :- Powers, and will take orders of Machinery of any 0., which tend. to such an end. C. F. of Mass.-If your method of disconnecting " After making a p.rfect and thorough trial of kind, of iron and brass ; Portable Saw�mills and == ca.r wheels from axles while tu.rning curves would be Bailey's Self·Cent.ring and Self· Adjusting Lathe, we Steam Engines, Saw Gummers of approved and cheap Back Numbers and Volume.. useful providing it does not increase the liabilIty of can cheerfnlly recommend it as in every way calcu- kind, &c. Gearing, Shafting, large and small, cast e t t i w i e e t a r or of wrought iron. 11 ly throwing the cars off the track. Your suggestions In reply to many interrogatories as to what back e e e e e v u e &1 !:;: � �:l�� � h:� : �� � ; : ��: ;:��: e quite new to us in regard to connecting and dis numbers and volumes .of the Scientific American can fa.ctory ; and having uRed many different kinds, we EW AV N MANUFACTURING COM feel safe in asserting that it is probably the be.t mao H E connee.ting the wheel. If it has .ver been tried we be furnished, we make the following statement : N pany, Tool Builders, New Haven, Conn., (snc . chine of the kind in use. BIRGE & BROTHER. cessors to Scranton & Parshl.y) have now on hand have no knowledge of the fact. Submit the matter Of Volumes 1, 2 lind 3-none. Francis Miller, Lucius l!'oot, Turners for B. & B." $25,000 worth of Machinist's Tools, consisting of to an experimental test, this is the only and surest Of Volume 4, "bout 20 Nos.; price 60 ct•. 33m power planers, to plane from 6 to 12 feet ; slide lathe 4 way. Of Volume 6, all but numbers, price, in sheets, $1. fr om 6 to 18 feet long ; 3 size hand lathes, with or FO NDER MATERIALS-viz. : Ame without shears ; counter shafts, to fit all sizes and J. D. R., of Phila.-We will attend to your commn Of Volume 6, all ; price in sh.eta, $2; bound, $2,75. RON U S I ricanha.rd white and grey Pig Iron ; No. 1 Scotch kinds of universal chuck gear cutting engines ; drill 7, $2 ; bound, $2,75. nication next week Of Vol. aU ; price sn sheets, Pig Iron; Iron and Brass Moulding Sand ; Fir. Sand presses, index plates, bolt cutters, and 3 size slide --:=:x:::::: and Fire Clay ; Core Sand and Flour. English and rests. The Co are also manufacturing steam engines A. R., of N Y.-You may depend npon it, th cok. e Prize •• Scotch patent Fire Bricks-plain, arch, and circular, All of the libove tools are of the b.st quality, and are 25 brick is all moonshine, .sofar as cheapness is concern .. great for cupolas. Pulverized Soapstone and Black Lead. for sale at per cent. les. than any other tools in ' Our subscribers will pleas. to consider the Se.. Coal, Anthracitc and Charcoal Foundry Fa .. the market.. Cuts and list of prices can be had by ed Common clay bri�k can be rendered water-proof inducement offered to c1ubo, and to ke.p in mind ; cings of approved quality, always on hand and for addressing as above, post-paid. Warehouse No. 12 n t' he same manner. The .xtract in the Post must .. .�: ta; thd valuable prize. offered for the four largest �ists 8 le by G. 0 ROBERTSON, offioe 135 Wat.r street, Platt st., New York, S. O.HILLS, Agent N. H. �;'g [l ken from a foreign journal. of mail subscribers. (corner !IfPine) , N. Y. 3 6" 00. •� . © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC 5titufific american. Race of Cllppe;' trom Canton. • ing the respective merits 'and qualities of the wheels which carries to each end, sections of A Liverpool paper says :-" Great interest crafb. The Chrysolite, fo r Liverpool, and the the rails, R, for the purpose of receiving suc has been excited from the fact that five of Stornaway, for London, bO.th English, sailed cessively each of the wagons which ought to The Billotype. the most celebrated clippers, two English and on the 4th of July. The Surprise and the approach the chain either in ascent or descent Professor Morse, the inventor of the mag three American, are now on their way to this Challenge, for London, and the Race Horse, This frame work thus receives a strong impe. netic telegraph, publishes a long letter in the port and the porb of London, with cargoes of for Liverpool, (all American,) sailed on the tus from a mechanical power very simple National Intelligencer of the 8th, sustaining tea. Though the time of starting differs, there 15th of July. We may add that not a few which has been applied by M. Cave, or the l\Ir. Hill's claim of having discovered the will be opportunity sufficientafforded for test· wagers are pending on the result." wagons can be drawn part of the way along mode of fixing the colors in daguerreotypes. the galleries by horses, as is common in SOIQll letter is dated Oct. 4th and Mr. Morse, coal mines, and then The j MINING MACHINERY. pushed between the who, as an accomplished artist and colorist chains by hand, to be hitched on by the catch Figure himself, would be presumed a competent 1. Figure 2. buttons, a a. The endless chains are composed judge, says that he has seen twenty speci of long links which, at certain distances, are mens of Mr. Hill's colored daguerreotypes. provided with gudgeons or projecting but The mosb of these were, he says, like all those tons, a a, upon which the car is supported or of M. St. Victor, "copies of colored engra hinged by the aid of these gudgeons made in vings." They were taken by the camera, and a flattened oval fo rm. not, as has been reported, "mere transfers of Mining is well enough understood in Ame " colored prints i but all were not "copies of rica, for there are thousands of miners among colored engravings." Two were exquisitely us who have had great practical expe beautiful portrait heads from lite, and one a rience j but although this is true, there is no full length of a child from life. One a land such a thing as mining practiced as it is con scape view fr om nature, principally buildings ducted in Europe. The reasons for this are which, although imperfect in parts, served sufficiently obvious j the newness of our coun from that very circumstance to verify to me try, and tha absence of any necessity as yet the genuineness of the. discovery. The colors for the working of deep mines. None of our in Mr. Hill's process are so fixed that the coal mines are deep, but the time is com. most severe rubbing with a buffer only in ing when we will have to dig deeper in search creases their brilliancy, and no exposure to of both coals and metallic ores j this engraving , light has as yet been fo und to impair their will then be remembered and its merits ap br\g'htness. They are produced in twenty preciated. In presentil1g such apparatus and ,seconds. Mr. !;Ii ll has been suffering fr om plans, our o�ject is to exhibit improvements hemorrhage, which has interfered'with his which may be required for useful operation!., labors, but Morse says :- present or prospective. --�� Mr. Hill has made a great discovery. It is LITERARY NOTICES. not perfected. There. is ' much yet to be done GERMA.N PRONOUNCING DIOTIONA.Ry,-W.lk & to make it perfect, buthe is in advance of all Wieck, of .Philadelphia, have just published a pro & others, and has, within the year, successfully nouncing German Dictionary (German English, and vice versa) , by J, C. O.hlschlgger. Prof. of Mo· . overcome two ofhis dilliculties. Both yellow dern La.nguages in Philadelphia.. Tbe pronuDcia.tion of the Germa.n part, a.nd the ma.Dner in which the and truth and white were defective in quality genitive case, plural numberl is indicated, are novel a year ago-both are now comparatively ob in works of this size. This book is for the pocket, is well printed, contains 850 pages.. and is Aold for the tained. There are other colors which, in or low price of $1. The author hag had long expMience _ der to make them so true as to satisfy an ar as 8. teacher of languages, and ha.s ende&vored, very E!uccessfully, to pre68nt a proDuDciation of a uni tist's mind, will require yet further experi versal chara.cter, understood in &11 Germa.ny, al mentin Is not this reason enough for not though the varieties of proDuDcia.tion in dl1ferent it States of that country present fa.r greater incongru at present giving his process to the public � ities than those of the county dialectR of Englan d and Scotlaod. This is an excellent work, and we re Who has a right to demand him to reveal it commend it to all students of tho German langu�ge. to the public no w 1 Who, indeed, has a right BOOK OF TED WORLD-T h e p liRhers Messrs. Weik & Wieck, of 195 Chestnut street,ub Philadelphia, to demand it at any time [Philadelphia 1- have furnished us with two numbers of a beautifu l Ledger. m���h�!I �ifu�l� �d ia, containiDK' interesting and [Nobody, so far, as we know, has ever de &� �8J��ch numbeJ::}�t��·���l�$���t1;e�'fat �::� manded of Mr. Hill, to reveal his alledged tains 32 page-s letter-press. &. ateel engraving, and three superbly colored plates, illustrating objects of discovery j the public have a right to demand natural history, ornithology, entomology , etc. Th� a l proofs of a disco;ery from a man who bl!s WOI'k will be Rp e n d id affair when comp3')ted, and is 'astonishingly chea.pfor the price at whioh it is sold publicly professed to have made it. This is -25 centb pir number j 12 numbers complete a vo.. to Mr. Hill, and it lume ..Sub,cribers should address the publJ.hers s all the public has done above. would be more to the credit 'of himself and such friends as Mr. Morse, to produce public proofs of this dis1;overy� It is at least two or three year� since the discovery was pretend ed to be made. Nobody wants the process, but we want fa cts, and not talk about i.t. Hobbs and Chubb Again. The London correspondent of the U. S. Ga A new Volume of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN zette 8aY8 :- The machinery which we have here illus. gons are simple boxes placed on four wheels ; commences about the middle of September in each " The directors of a well known insurance trated is for raising metals ' and minerals from they are provided on each side with iron year. It is a journal of Scientific, Mechanical, and Oave, handles or ears, b'b, whlch place themselves .. office in Moorgate street, had assembled at deep mines. It is the invention <:,t M. other improvements ; the dvocate of indu try in all a, the in s their rooms last week to hold an important a ·machinist of Paris j it was illustrated and on the buttons, a of the chains at its various branches. It is published weekly in a meeting. When the books and papers of the described in the " Le Genie Industriel?' from 'stant they pass, as represented. form suitable for binding, and constitute., at the end ofeach year, .. splendid volume of over 400 pages, com pany were called for, the secretary could. which this is a translation, so altered as to Allowing the mine to have two galleries, at with a copious index, and from five to six hundred not find the key of the large vault i� clear to our American readers. The the height of the first gallery, the wagon M, where they rendel' original engravings, together with a great amount of erent from any (which has been conducted either directly by were kept. Afteran unsuccessful search, Mr. plan of MOllS. Cave is quite diff practical information concerning the progre ss of in Chubb, the maker of the large iron door and heretofore in use, and does ' him no small the railroad, N, or by the intervention of a v" Dtlon and discovery throughout the world. lock was sent fo r, and was asked if he had a amount of credit. It is applicable in raising horizontal movable fr ame work, 0) is sus ,!,he..Scientific American is the most widely circnla ted nd popular j�,urDal .of the kind now published. key that would open the lock. He replied in heavy loads, whether in working mine� or pended by the ,buttons to the two ascending Its Editors, Contributors, and Correspondents are the negative. He was then asked if he could coal pits, and affords a continuous self· acting sides of the chain, and, being thus carried amO(lg the ablest practical scientific men ' in the away by the chain is , inevitably carried to pick the lock. He again replied in the nega hitching. on of the loaded cars or buckets. world. tive, and rather indignantly withal, at the Fig. 1 is a side viewof the succeeding figure. the top of the apparatl!s. It then descends The Patent Claims are published weekly and are insinuation that his celebrated locks could be Figure 2 represents a tront view of the ap (al ways suspended by the same buttons) di invaluable to Inventors and Patentees. PRIZES-We solioit attention to the splendid picked ! The directors asked what was to paratus, with section of the. cranks with rectly upon a railroad, R, placed at the en Prizes offered for the largest number of subscribers, be done 1 Mr. Chubb answered that the only which it is attached, trance of the pit, and which carries it from consisting of a SILVER PITCHER worth $60 ; a is com to the spot where it is desired to emp method by which the books and papers could It will be seen that this apparatus thence set of the ICONOGRAPHIC ENCYCLOPEDIA worth be procured was to cut the door down. The posed of two parallel pullies, G G, with octa� ty it. $35 ; DE MPSEY'S MACHINERY OF THE NINE directors would not consent to such a propo gon faces between the flanges, and mounted at In the descent of th� chains to the bottom TEENTH CENTURY, and C. B Stuart's Ilreat work sition, and Mr. Chubb left the premises. A each end of the axle are iron shatts, H, which of the pit, where they pass over two parallel upon the NAVAL DRY DOCKS OF THE UNITED STATES. messenger was dispatched to Cheapside for are each controlled by the cog W heels I, into pullies, Q Q, similar to the first, and both Letters should be directed (post· paid) to the American, Hobbs, who sent one ' of which mesh u r g t mounted on mounted on the same axle, they are enabled his p i h pinions, J: MUNN & CO., a galleries situ workmen, with instructions to take an im the axle of the shaft, K, this last being none to serve number of successive 128 Fulton street, New ,York. pression in wax of the keyhole of the lock. other than the movable axle or crank, which ated at different heights. In the engraving Terms ! Terms Terms ! The man departed, and in a fe w minutes reo receives its rotary movement from a steam are shown two gallerie& placed at a little dis. I One oopy, for One Year $2 turned with the impressio� tance from each other. Mr. Hobbs then engine or power wheel. " Six Months $1 selec When the same apparatul is enabled to ef ted a fe w simple instruments, and ac On the face of the two pullies G, pass the Five copies, for Six Months $4 companied his workman to the insurance of endless chains, L L, of which the links art' fect at the same time the ascent oithe load· Ten Oopies for Six Months for $8 fice. After operating on Chubb's lock ten of the exact length ofeach side of the octa ed wagons, and the descent of the empty ones, Ten Copies for Twelve Month., $15 minutes only, the bolt was turned, the door gon. Each of these chains carries, at fixed dis the constructor places at the ,entrance of the :,Jifteen Copies for Twelve Months, $22 ' Twenty Oopi •• for Twelv. Months, $28 was opened, and 'all the books and papers tances, the gudgeons or projecting buttons, pit, and at the mouth of each gallery, chariots a Bouthern and Western Money par fo I taken at ,..re p , b th the wagons, or movable frame work, which are �� . \, " ""� o Bo.,., of Di",�", a, for the purpose ot suspending 0, 0', 0", :.� � Po__ __ ll. ' ;;,;jto their utter astonishment !" M, in ascending or descending. These wa- made simply of a w�oden frame on four © 1852 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC