Mouse Stac3 Conditional Knockout Project (CRISPR/Cas9)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mouse Stac3 Conditional Knockout Project (CRISPR/Cas9) https://www.alphaknockout.com Mouse Stac3 Conditional Knockout Project (CRISPR/Cas9) Objective: To create a Stac3 conditional knockout Mouse model (C57BL/6J) by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering. Strategy summary: The Stac3 gene (NCBI Reference Sequence: NM_177707 ; Ensembl: ENSMUSG00000040287 ) is located on Mouse chromosome 10. 12 exons are identified, with the ATG start codon in exon 2 and the TAA stop codon in exon 12 (Transcript: ENSMUST00000035839). Exon 6 will be selected as conditional knockout region (cKO region). Deletion of this region should result in the loss of function of the Mouse Stac3 gene. To engineer the targeting vector, homologous arms and cKO region will be generated by PCR using BAC clone RP24-117H10 as template. Cas9, gRNA and targeting vector will be co-injected into fertilized eggs for cKO Mouse production. The pups will be genotyped by PCR followed by sequencing analysis. Note: Homozygous inactivation of this gene leads to neonatal lethality, abnormal posture, thin diaphragm muscle, abnormal skeletal muscle morphology characterized by centralized nuclei and disorganized myofibrils, and impaired skeletal muscle contractility due to defective excitation-contraction coupling. Exon 6 starts from about 45.56% of the coding region. The knockout of Exon 6 will result in frameshift of the gene. The size of intron 5 for 5'-loxP site insertion: 941 bp, and the size of intron 6 for 3'-loxP site insertion: 2270 bp. The size of effective cKO region: ~598 bp. The cKO region does not have any other known gene. Page 1 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com Overview of the Targeting Strategy Wildtype allele gRNA region 5' gRNA region 3' 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 Targeting vector Targeted allele Constitutive KO allele (After Cre recombination) Legends Exon of mouse Stac3 Homology arm cKO region loxP site Page 2 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com Overview of the Dot Plot Window size: 10 bp Forward Reverse Complement Sequence 12 Note: The sequence of homologous arms and cKO region is aligned with itself to determine if there are tandem repeats. Tandem repeats are found in the dot plot matrix. It may be difficult to construct this targeting vector. Overview of the GC Content Distribution Window size: 300 bp Sequence 12 Summary: Full Length(7098bp) | A(25.39% 1802) | C(25.19% 1788) | T(23.13% 1642) | G(26.29% 1866) Note: The sequence of homologous arms and cKO region is analyzed to determine the GC content. No significant high GC-content region is found. So this region is suitable for PCR screening or sequencing analysis. Page 3 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com BLAT Search Results (up) QUERY SCORE START END QSIZE IDENTITY CHROM STRAND START END SPAN ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- browser details YourSeq 3000 1 3000 3000 100.0% chr10 + 127501609 127504608 3000 browser details YourSeq 106 707 876 3000 92.2% chr7 + 125771967 125772138 172 browser details YourSeq 90 702 875 3000 90.3% chr12 - 109852321 109852508 188 browser details YourSeq 90 707 880 3000 85.9% chr13 + 9583517 9583692 176 browser details YourSeq 89 707 876 3000 86.1% chr9 + 43083241 43083416 176 browser details YourSeq 84 708 873 3000 86.8% chr12 + 76355614 76355819 206 browser details YourSeq 82 707 881 3000 84.2% chr3 + 27802365 27802542 178 browser details YourSeq 80 708 876 3000 91.8% chr1 + 155807187 155807378 192 browser details YourSeq 78 710 880 3000 91.6% chr1 + 12490531 12490723 193 browser details YourSeq 75 711 882 3000 89.5% chr18 - 24868467 24868656 190 browser details YourSeq 75 699 875 3000 91.3% chr11 - 49968728 49968920 193 browser details YourSeq 74 707 876 3000 89.4% chr11 - 50045841 50046068 228 browser details YourSeq 73 707 869 3000 88.5% chr13 + 22225582 22225755 174 browser details YourSeq 72 710 882 3000 90.0% chr4 + 57078290 57078503 214 browser details YourSeq 72 707 880 3000 91.1% chr12 + 21467041 21467241 201 browser details YourSeq 71 707 876 3000 91.8% chr6 + 39076820 39077024 205 browser details YourSeq 71 707 886 3000 86.8% chr12 + 118185269 118185452 184 browser details YourSeq 69 707 874 3000 90.6% chr5 + 75631400 75631587 188 browser details YourSeq 68 708 877 3000 92.5% chr12 - 35183235 35183406 172 browser details YourSeq 68 756 876 3000 90.6% chr1 - 9500716 9500844 129 Note: The 3000 bp section upstream of Exon 6 is BLAT searched against the genome. No significant similarity is found. BLAT Search Results (down) QUERY SCORE START END QSIZE IDENTITY CHROM STRAND START END SPAN ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- browser details YourSeq 3000 1 3000 3000 100.0% chr10 + 127505207 127508206 3000 browser details YourSeq 237 937 1564 3000 87.1% chr13 - 24776695 24777129 435 browser details YourSeq 205 948 1566 3000 91.2% chr16 + 90302319 90313224 10906 browser details YourSeq 188 948 1564 3000 84.1% chr4 - 119579131 119579609 479 browser details YourSeq 187 961 1564 3000 91.3% chr9 + 56140376 56537447 397072 browser details YourSeq 170 982 1553 3000 83.1% chr11 + 19431744 19432148 405 browser details YourSeq 161 1380 1679 3000 87.1% chr2 + 154912581 154912852 272 browser details YourSeq 159 1356 1564 3000 87.7% chr11 + 50274487 50274675 189 browser details YourSeq 159 1386 1575 3000 93.1% chr10 + 40039514 40039704 191 browser details YourSeq 157 1374 1566 3000 92.6% chr15 - 10237685 10237882 198 browser details YourSeq 156 1365 1564 3000 92.0% chr1 - 33723129 33723343 215 browser details YourSeq 154 1380 1561 3000 93.2% chr9 - 66964360 66964540 181 browser details YourSeq 154 1379 1564 3000 91.9% chr3 - 20159042 20159228 187 browser details YourSeq 154 1386 1564 3000 93.3% chr7 + 117987220 117987400 181 browser details YourSeq 154 1394 1582 3000 91.4% chr11 + 104488129 104488318 190 browser details YourSeq 154 1378 1581 3000 88.4% chr11 + 87419591 87419790 200 browser details YourSeq 153 992 1552 3000 91.0% chr1 - 180881712 180882305 594 browser details YourSeq 152 1351 1564 3000 86.1% chr2 - 15046922 15047118 197 browser details YourSeq 152 1379 1564 3000 91.9% chr12 - 84237809 84238005 197 browser details YourSeq 151 960 1562 3000 83.2% chr9 - 111144973 111145365 393 Note: The 3000 bp section downstream of Exon 6 is BLAT searched against the genome. No significant similarity is found. Page 4 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com Gene and protein information: Stac3 SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ] Gene ID: 237611, updated on 24-Oct-2019 Gene summary Official Symbol Stac3 provided by MGI Official Full Name SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 provided by MGI Primary source MGI:MGI:3606571 See related Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000040287 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status VALIDATED Organism Mus musculus Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus Also known as 9830125E18 Expression Biased expression in mammary gland adult (RPKM 5.1), limb E14.5 (RPKM 4.7) and 11 other tissues See more Orthologs human all Genomic context Location: 10; 10 D3 See Stac3 in Genome Data Viewer Exon count: 10 Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location 108 current GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 10 NC_000076.6 (127501617..127508823) Build 37.2 previous assembly MGSCv37 (GCF_000001635.18) 10 NC_000076.5 (126938773..126945871) Chromosome 10 - NC_000076.6 Page 5 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com Transcript information: This gene has 5 transcripts Gene: Stac3 ENSMUSG00000040287 Description SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:3606571] Location Chromosome 10: 127,501,686-127,508,823 forward strand. GRCm38:CM001003.2 About this gene This gene has 5 transcripts (splice variants), 210 orthologues, 2 paralogues, is a member of 1 Ensembl protein family and is associated with 38 phenotypes. Transcripts Name Transcript ID bp Protein Translation ID Biotype CCDS UniProt Flags Stac3-201 ENSMUST00000035839.2 1790 360aa ENSMUSP00000048148.2 Protein coding CCDS24242 Q8BZ71 TSL:1 GENCODE basic APPRIS P1 Stac3-202 ENSMUST00000160019.7 1581 360aa ENSMUSP00000125124.1 Protein coding CCDS24242 Q8BZ71 TSL:1 GENCODE basic APPRIS P1 Stac3-203 ENSMUST00000160610.1 373 18aa ENSMUSP00000124638.1 Protein coding - E0CXX9 CDS 3' incomplete TSL:2 Stac3-205 ENSMUST00000162302.1 600 No protein - Retained intron - - TSL:3 Stac3-204 ENSMUST00000160760.1 560 No protein - Retained intron - - TSL:3 Page 6 of 8 https://www.alphaknockout.com 27.14 kb Forward strand 127.495Mb 127.500Mb 127.505Mb 127.510Mb 127.515Mb Genes (Comprehensive set... R3hdm2-212 >protein coding Stac3-202 >protein coding Ndufa4l2-201 >protein coding R3hdm2-204 >protein coding Stac3-203 >protein coding Stac3-205 >retained intron Ndufa4l2-202 >lncRNA R3hdm2-202 >protein coding Stac3-201 >protein coding Ndufa4l2-203 >lncRNA R3hdm2-201 >protein coding Stac3-204 >retained intron R3hdm2-218 >protein coding R3hdm2-203 >protein coding R3hdm2-205 >protein coding R3hdm2-208 >nonsense mediated decay R3hdm2-210 >protein coding R3hdm2-216 >protein coding R3hdm2-214 >retained intron R3hdm2-213 >protein coding R3hdm2-219 >protein coding Contigs AC167719.2 > Genes < Shmt2-207retained intron (Comprehensive set... < Shmt2-203retained intron < Shmt2-206protein coding < Shmt2-201protein coding Regulatory Build 127.495Mb 127.500Mb 127.505Mb 127.510Mb 127.515Mb Reverse strand 27.14 kb Regulation Legend CTCF Enhancer Open Chromatin Promoter Promoter Flank Gene Legend Protein Coding Ensembl protein coding merged Ensembl/Havana Non-Protein Coding RNA gene
Recommended publications
  • Investigation of Functional Genes at Homologous Loci Identified Based
    Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Vol.22, No.5 455 Original Article Investigation of Functional Genes at Homologous Loci Identified Based on Genome-wide Association Studies of Blood Lipids via High-fat Diet Intervention in Rats using an in vivo Approach Koichi Akiyama, Yi-Qiang Liang, Masato Isono and Norihiro Kato Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Aim: It is challenging to identify causal (or target) genes at individual loci detected using genome- wide association studies (GWAS). In order to follow up GWAS loci, we investigated functional genes at homologous loci identified using human lipid GWAS that responded to a high-fat, high-choles- terol diet (HFD) intervention in an animal model. Methods: The HFD intervention was carried out for four weeks in male rats of the spontaneously hypertensive rat strain. The liver and adipose tissues were subsequently excised for analyses of changes in the gene expression as compared to that observed in rats fed normal rat chow (n=8 per group). From 98 lipid-associated loci reported in previous GWAS, 280 genes with rat orthologs were initially selected as targets for the two-staged analysis involving screening with DNA microarray and validation with quantitative PCR (qPCR). Consequently, genes showing a differential expression due to HFD were examined for changes in the expression induced by atorvastatin, which was indepen- dently administered to the rats. Results: Using the HFD intervention in the rats, seven known (Abca1, Abcg5, Abcg8, Lpl, Nr1h3, Pcsk9 and Pltp) and three novel (Madd, Stac3 and Timd4) genes were identified as potential signifi- cant targets, with an additional list of 23 suggestive genes.
    [Show full text]
  • A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of Β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus
    Page 1 of 781 Diabetes A Computational Approach for Defining a Signature of β-Cell Golgi Stress in Diabetes Mellitus Robert N. Bone1,6,7, Olufunmilola Oyebamiji2, Sayali Talware2, Sharmila Selvaraj2, Preethi Krishnan3,6, Farooq Syed1,6,7, Huanmei Wu2, Carmella Evans-Molina 1,3,4,5,6,7,8* Departments of 1Pediatrics, 3Medicine, 4Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, 5Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, the 6Center for Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, and the 7Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; 2Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202; 8Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202. *Corresponding Author(s): Carmella Evans-Molina, MD, PhD ([email protected]) Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 2031A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Telephone: (317) 274-4145, Fax (317) 274-4107 Running Title: Golgi Stress Response in Diabetes Word Count: 4358 Number of Figures: 6 Keywords: Golgi apparatus stress, Islets, β cell, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes 1 Diabetes Publish Ahead of Print, published online August 20, 2020 Diabetes Page 2 of 781 ABSTRACT The Golgi apparatus (GA) is an important site of insulin processing and granule maturation, but whether GA organelle dysfunction and GA stress are present in the diabetic β-cell has not been tested. We utilized an informatics-based approach to develop a transcriptional signature of β-cell GA stress using existing RNA sequencing and microarray datasets generated using human islets from donors with diabetes and islets where type 1(T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) had been modeled ex vivo. To narrow our results to GA-specific genes, we applied a filter set of 1,030 genes accepted as GA associated.
    [Show full text]
  • Mining Public Toxicogenomic Data Reveals Insights and Challenges in Delineating Liver Steatosis Adverse Outcome Pathways
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 18 October 2019 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01007 Mining Public Toxicogenomic Data Reveals Insights and Challenges in Delineating Liver Steatosis Adverse Outcome Pathways Mohamed Diwan M. AbdulHameed 1,2*, Venkat R. Pannala 1,2 and Anders Wallqvist 1* 1 Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, MD, United States, 2 The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States Edited by: Exposure to chemicals contributes to the development and progression of fatty liver, or Chris Vulpe, University of Florida, steatosis, a process characterized by abnormal accumulation of lipids within liver cells. United States However, lack of knowledge on how chemicals cause steatosis has prevented any large- Reviewed by: scale assessment of the 80,000+ chemicals in current use. To address this gap, we mined Xuefang Liang, Inner Mongolia University, a large, publicly available toxicogenomic dataset associated with 18 known steatogenic China chemicals to assess responses across assays (in vitro and in vivo) and species (i.e., Annamaria Colacci, rats and humans). We identified genes that were differentially expressed (DEGs) in rat Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione E Ambiente Della Regione Emilia- in vivo, rat in vitro, and human in vitro studies in which rats or in vitro primary cell lines Romagna, Italy were exposed to the chemicals at different doses and durations. Using these DEGs, we *Correspondence: performed pathway enrichment analysis, analyzed the molecular initiating events (MIEs) of Mohamed Diwan M. AbdulHameed [email protected] the steatosis adverse outcome pathway (AOP), and predicted metabolite changes using Anders Wallqvist metabolic network analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genomic and Clinical Landscape of Fetal Akinesia
    © American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics ARTICLE The genomic and clinical landscape of fetal akinesia Matthias Pergande, MSc1,2, Susanne Motameny, PhD3, Özkan Özdemir, PhD1,2, Mona Kreutzer1,2, Haicui Wang, PhD1,2, Hülya-Sevcan Daimagüler, MSc1,2, Kerstin Becker, PhD1,2, Mert Karakaya, MD1,4, Harald Ehrhardt, MD5, Nursel Elcioglu, MD, Prof6,7, Slavica Ostojic, MD8, Cho-Ming Chao, MD, PhD5, Amit Kawalia, PhD3, Özgür Duman, MD, Prof9, Anne Koy, MD2, Andreas Hahn, MD, Prof10, Jens Reimann, MD11, Katharina Schoner, MD12, Anne Schänzer, MD13, Jens H. Westhoff, MD14, Eva Maria Christina Schwaibold, MD15, Mireille Cossee, MD16, Marion Imbert-Bouteille, MSc17, Harald von Pein, MD18, Göknur Haliloglu, MD, Prof19, Haluk Topaloglu, MD, Prof19, Janine Altmüller, MD1,3, Peter Nürnberg, PhD, Prof1,3, Holger Thiele, MD3, Raoul Heller, MD, PhD4,20,21 and Sebahattin Cirak, MD 1,2,21 Purpose: Fetal akinesia has multiple clinical subtypes with over Conclusion: Our analysis indicates that genetic defects leading to 160 gene associations, but the genetic etiology is not yet completely primary skeletal muscle diseases might have been underdiagnosed, understood. especially pathogenic variants in RYR1. We discuss three novel Methods: In this study, 51 patients from 47 unrelated families putative fetal akinesia genes: GCN1, IQSEC3 and RYR3. Of those, were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques IQSEC3, and RYR3 had been proposed as neuromuscular aiming to decipher the genomic landscape of fetal akinesia (FA). disease–associated genes recently, and our findings endorse them Results: We have identified likely pathogenic gene variants in 37 as FA candidate genes. By combining NGS with deep clinical cases and report 41 novel variants.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genomic Approach to Delineating the Occurrence of Scoliosis in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
    G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article A Genomic Approach to Delineating the Occurrence of Scoliosis in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita Xenia Latypova 1, Stefan Giovanni Creadore 2, Noémi Dahan-Oliel 3,4, Anxhela Gjyshi Gustafson 2, Steven Wei-Hung Hwang 5, Tanya Bedard 6, Kamran Shazand 2, Harold J. P. van Bosse 5 , Philip F. Giampietro 7,* and Klaus Dieterich 8,* 1 Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; [email protected] 2 Shriners Hospitals for Children Headquarters, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; [email protected] (S.G.C.); [email protected] (A.G.G.); [email protected] (K.S.) 3 Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, QC H4A 0A9, Canada; [email protected] 4 School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada 5 Shriners Hospitals for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; [email protected] (S.W.-H.H.); [email protected] (H.J.P.v.B.) 6 Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada; [email protected] 7 Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 8 Institut of Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1209, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.F.G.); [email protected] (K.D.) Citation: Latypova, X.; Creadore, S.G.; Dahan-Oliel, N.; Gustafson, Abstract: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) describes a group of conditions characterized A.G.; Wei-Hung Hwang, S.; Bedard, by the presence of non-progressive congenital contractures in multiple body areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Stac3 Is a Component of the Excitation&Ndash
    ARTICLE Received 29 Oct 2012 | Accepted 30 Apr 2013 | Published 4 Jun 2013 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2952 Stac3 is a component of the excitation–contraction coupling machinery and mutated in Native American myopathy Eric J. Horstick1,*, Jeremy W. Linsley2,*, James J. Dowling3,*, Michael A. Hauser4, Kristin K. McDonald4, Allison Ashley-Koch4, Louis Saint-Amant1,5, Akhila Satish1, Wilson W. Cui2, Weibin Zhou1,6, Shawn M. Sprague1, Demetra S. Stamm7, Cynthia M. Powell8, Marcy C. Speer9, Clara Franzini-Armstrong10, Hiromi Hirata11 & John Y. Kuwada1,2 Excitation–contraction coupling, the process that regulates contractions by skeletal muscles, transduces changes in membrane voltage by activating release of Ca2 þ from internal stores to initiate muscle contraction. Defects in excitation–contraction coupling are associated with muscle diseases. Here we identify Stac3 as a novel component of the excitation–contraction coupling machinery. Using a zebrafish genetic screen, we generate a locomotor mutation that is mapped to stac3. We provide electrophysiological, Ca2 þ imaging, immunocytochemical and biochemical evidence that Stac3 participates in excitation–contraction coupling in muscles. Furthermore, we reveal that a mutation in human STAC3 is the genetic basis of the debilitating Native American myopathy (NAM). Analysis of NAM stac3 in zebrafish shows that the NAM mutation decreases excitation–contraction coupling. These findings enhance our understanding of both excitation–contraction coupling and the pathology of myopathies. 1 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. 2 Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • High Motivation for Exercise Is Associated with Altered Chromatin Regulators of Monoamine Receptor Gene Expression in the Striatum of Selectively Bred Mice
    Genes, Brain and Behavior (2017) 16: 328–341 doi: 10.1111/gbb.12347 High motivation for exercise is associated with altered chromatin regulators of monoamine receptor gene expression in the striatum of selectively bred mice M. C. Saul†,P.Majdak‡, S. Perez§, M. Reilly¶, Keywords: Exercise, gene expression, motivation, natu- T. G a rl a n d J r ∗∗ and J. S. Rhodes†,‡,§,††,∗ ral reward circuit, RNA-seq, selective breeding, striatum, voluntary wheel running †Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL, ‡The Received 26 August 2016, revised 15 September 2016 and 02 Neuroscience Program, §The Beckman Institute for Advanced October 2016, accepted for publication 03 October 2016 Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, ¶National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ∗∗Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, and ††Department of Although a broad literature has established the critical impor- Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA tance of aerobic exercise for maintaining physical and mental *Corresponding author: J. S. Rhodes, The Beckman Institute health throughout the life span, average daily levels of physi- for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, cal activity continue to decline in western society (Brownson 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. E-mail: et al. 2005; Colcombe & Kramer 2003). If we all exercised on [email protected] a regular basis – e.g. raising the heart rate and using large muscle groups for 40 min a day three times a week – we would substantially reduce the incidence of some of the most common diseases afflicting western society including Although exercise is critical for health, many lack the obesity, heart disease, cognitive decline with aging and neu- motivation to exercise, and it is unclear how motivation might be increased.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating the Effect of Chronic Activation of AMP-Activated Protein
    Investigating the effect of chronic activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in vivo Alice Pollard CASE Studentship Award A thesis submitted to Imperial College London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2017 Cellular Stress Group Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences Imperial College London 1 Declaration I declare that the work presented in this thesis is my own, and that where information has been derived from the published or unpublished work of others it has been acknowledged in the text and in the list of references. This work has not been submitted to any other university or institute of tertiary education in any form. Alice Pollard The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives license. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or redistribution, researchers must make clear to others the license terms of this work. 2 Abstract The prevalence of obesity and associated diseases has increased significantly in the last decade, and is now a major public health concern. It is a significant risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. Characterised by excess lipid accumulation in the white adipose tissue, which drives many associated pathologies, obesity is caused by chronic, whole-organism energy imbalance; when caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure. Whilst lifestyle changes remain the most effective treatment for obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome, incidence continues to rise, particularly amongst children, placing significant strain on healthcare systems, as well as financial burden.
    [Show full text]
  • Hypermethylation of Human DNA: Fine-Tuning Transcription Associated with Development
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/212191; this version posted October 31, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Hypermethylation of human DNA: Fine-tuning transcription associated with development Carl Baribault1,2, Kenneth C. Ehrlich3, V. K. Chaithanya Ponnaluri4, Sriharsa Pradhan4, Michelle Lacey2, and Melanie Ehrlich1,3,5* 1Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. 2Department of Mathematics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA. 3Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center. 4 New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA. 5Hayward Genetics Center Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. *Correspondence: [email protected] Email addresses of other authors: [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] , and [email protected] Key words: DNA methylation, chromatin, development, epigenetic memory, CTCF, NR2F2 (COUP-TFII), NKX2-5, LXN (Latexin), EN1, and PAX3 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/212191; this version posted October 31, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Tissue-specific gene transcription can be affected by DNA methylation in ways that are difficult to discern from studies focused on genome-wide analyses of differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We studied 95 genes in detail using available epigenetic and transcription databases to detect and elucidate less obvious associations between development-linked hypermethylated DMRs in myoblasts (Mb) and cell- and tissue- specific expression.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Material Localizing Regions in the Genome
    Supplementary Material Localizing regions in the genome contributing to ADHD, aggressive and antisocial behavior Running title: Genetic overlap between ADHD, aggression and antisocial behavior Mariana Lizbeth Rodríguez López1, Barbara Franke1,2*, Marieke Klein1,3 1 Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 2 Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3 University Medical Center Utrecht, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands Supplementary Tables: 5 Supplementary Figures: 2 Supplementary Table 1 | Category traits from LDHub GWAS-ss database. Category Number of traits Aging 3 Anthropometric 22 Autoimmune 11 Bone 5 Brain Volume 7 Cancer 5 Cardiometabolic 2 Cognitive 1 Education 5 Glycemic 8 Haemotological 3 Hormone 2 Kidney 6 Lipids 4 Lung Function 8 Metabolites 107 Metal 2 Neurological 3 Other 1 Personality 4 Psychiatric 11 Reproductive 4 Sleeping 5 Smoking 4 Behaviour Uric Acid 1 Total 234 A list of all categories from all the traits LDHub platform. We performed genetic correlation analyses for all traits with both AGG and ASB, giving a total of 234 rg scores for each one of our two traits. Supplementary Table 2 | Summary of data from GTEx project (https://gtexportal.org/home/). GTEx - Gene expression in 12 brain-related tissues Anterior Caudate Frontal cingulate (basal Cerebellar Cortex Nucleus Substantia
    [Show full text]
  • STAC3 Variants Cause a Congenital Myopathy with Distinctive Dysmorphic Features and Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility
    STAC3 variants cause a congenital myopathy with distinctive dysmorphic features and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility Irina Zaharieva1, Anna Sarkozy1,2, Pinki Munot1,2, Adnan Manzur1,2, Gina O'Grady3,4, John Rendu5, Eduardo Malfatti6, Helge Amthor7,8, Laurent Servais9, J. Andoni Urtizberea10, Osorio Abath Neto11,12, Edmar Zanoteli11, Sandra Donkervoort12, Juliet Taylor13, Joanne Dixon14, Gemma Poke15, A. Reghan Foley12, Chris Holmes2, Glyn Williams2, Muriel Holder16, Sabrina Yum17, Livija Medne18, Susana Quijano-Roy 8, 19, Norma B. Romero 6, Julien Fauré 5, Lucy Feng 1, Laila Bastaki 20, Mark R Davis 21, Rahul Phadke 1,2, Caroline A. Sewry 1,22, Carsten G. Bönnemann 12, Heinz Jungbluth 16,23,24, Christoph Bachmann25, Susan Treves 25,26, Francesco Muntoni 1,2,27 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UK; 2 Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK 3 Children's Hospital at Westmead, Institute of Neuroscience and Muscle Research, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia 4 University of Sydney, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health Clinical School, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia 5 Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, UM Biochimie Génétique et Moléculaire, Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France 6 Neuromuscular Morphology Unit and Neuromuscular Pathology Reference Center Paris- Est, Center for Research in Myology, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris,
    [Show full text]
  • The Diagnostic Workup in Children with Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita: Description of Practices Through a Monocentric Cohort
    The diagnostic workup in children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: description of practices through a monocentric cohort and suggestion of recommendations Pauline Le Tanno To cite this version: Pauline Le Tanno. The diagnostic workup in children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: de- scription of practices through a monocentric cohort and suggestion of recommendations. Human health and pathology. 2020. dumas-02491483 HAL Id: dumas-02491483 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-02491483 Submitted on 26 Feb 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il n’a pas été réévalué depuis la date de soutenance. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D’autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact au SID de Grenoble : [email protected] LIENS LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle.
    [Show full text]