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UNDP Project Document UNDP Project Document UNDP-GEF Full Sized Project Government of the Republic of Tajikistan (National Biodiversity and Biosafety Center) United Nations Development Programme PIMS: 3647 Atlas Award 00057096; Atlas Project ID 00070411 GEFSEC Project ID: 3129 Sustaining agricultural biodiversity in the face of climate change in Tajikistan Brief description According to the Russian botanist and geneticist, Nikolai Vavilov, Tajikistan is a storehouse of globally important agro-biodiversity. The country is one of the centers of origin for cultivated plants worldwide. Diverse climatic, geological, and environmental conditions gave rise to this rich biodiversity, best indicated by almost 9,800 plant accessions recorded in Tajikistan. Many of the landraces and their wild relatives potentially house resistances and tolerances to pests, diseases, and to abiotic stresses. As such, they constitute a valuable source of genetic material for future germplasm enhancement programmes around the world. Tajikistan’s agricultural biodiversity is not only of importance to the livelihoods of rural communities, to the local economy, and to local long-term food security, but also to global food security particularly in light of the future challenges of global climate change. The project will, through local pilot activities based on the Homologue Approach, covering approximately 1.5 million hectares, test and demonstrate replicable ways in which rural farmers and communities can benefit from agro-biodiversity conservation in ways that also build their capacities to adapt to climate change. The project, in partnership with the National Biodiversity and Biosafety Centre, the UNDP Communities Programme, and the GEF Small Grants Programme, will feature three inter-linked complementary processes. The first focuses on strengthening existing policy and regulatory frameworks in support of agro-biodiversity conservation and adaptation to climate change, with emphasis on local level implementation. The second focuses on developing community, institutional, and system capacity to enable farmers and agencies to better adapt to climate risks through the conservation and use of agro-biodiversity. The third focuses on the development of agro- enterprises that support the conservation and production of agro-biodiversity friendly products, with a view to providing farmers and communities with alternative sources of income to offset the negative impacts and shocks related to climate change. Acronyms and Abbreviations ABD Agro-biodiversity ADB Asian Development Bank CBO Community Based Organization CC Climate change CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CEPF Committee for Environmental Protection and Forestry CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CO Country Office CP (UNDP) Communities Programme CPAP Country Programme Action Plan CTA Chief Technical Adviser DfID United Kingdom Department for International Development EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development FAO UN Food and Agriculture Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility GoT Government of the Republic of Tajikistan JDC Jamoat Development Committee (now referred as JRC) JRC Jamoat Resource and Advocacy Center (former JDC) km² Square kilometer LFA Logical Framework Approach masl metres above sea level MDG Millennium Development Goals MFI Micro Financing Institution MoA Ministry of Agriculture MWRLR Ministry of Water Resources and Land Reclamation NAP National Action Plan NBBC National Biodiversity and Biosafety Center NGO Non-Governmental Organization NPE National Project Expert NSAP National Strategy and Action Plan (Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity) PA Project Assistance PDF Project Development Facility PM Project Manager PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PSC Project Steering and Coordination Committee RRDP Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Development Project SCLMM State Committee on Land Management SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SENAS (EU/Tacis funded) “Support to the Establishment of a National Agricultural Advisory Service” project SGP (GEF) Small Grants Programme UNDP United Nations Development Programme US$ United States dollar WB The World Bank 2 Glossary of Local Terms Dekhan Farm Hukumat City (town) administration (executive body) Jamoat Village (kishlak) administration (executive body) Kishlak Village kolkhoz Collective farm Majlis Elected council (at various levels) Majlisi Oli National Assembly (Parliament) Majlisi Milli Upper chamber of National Assembly Majlisi Namoyandagon Lower chamber of National Assembly Mahalla Local community oblast (region, viloyat) Large administrative unit, equivalent of state or province raion (district) Small administrative unit, equivalent of county Sovkhoz State-owned farm Tabiat Nature 3 Table of contents SECTION I: ELABORATION OF THE NARRATIVE .............................................................. 7 PART 1: Situation Analysis ....................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Context and global significance .................................................................................... 7 1.2 Threats, causes and impacts ........................................................................................ 22 1.3 Long-term solution and barriers to achieving the solution ......................................... 26 1.4 Stakeholder analysis .................................................................................................... 28 1.5 Baseline analysis ......................................................................................................... 31 PART 2: Strategy ..................................................................................................................... 34 2.1 Project Rationale and Policy Conformity ................................................................... 34 2.2 Project Objective, Outcomes and Outputs .................................................................. 37 2.3 Project Indicators, Risks and Assumptions ................................................................. 44 2.4 Incremental Reasoning and Expected Global, National and Local Benefits .............. 45 2.5 Country Ownership: Country Eligibility and Country Drivenness............................. 47 2.6 Sustainability............................................................................................................... 48 2.7 Replicability ................................................................................................................ 50 PART 3: Management Arrangements ...................................................................................... 50 PART 4: Monitoring and Evaluation Plan and Budget ............................................................ 53 4.1 Monitoring and reporting ............................................................................................ 53 PART 5: Legal Context............................................................................................................ 58 SECTION II: APPENDICES ...................................................................................................... 60 Annex A: Project Logical Framework .................................................................................. 60 Annex B: Incremental Cost Analysis .................................................................................... 66 SECTION III: BUDGET ............................................................................................................ 69 SECTION IV: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ....................................................................... 74 PART 1: Optional Annexes ..................................................................................................... 89 SECTION V: SIGNATURE PAGE .......................................................................................... 107 4 List of Tables Table 1. The main components of biodiversity in Tajikistan ............................................. 12 Table 2. Summary of data extracted from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility for the fruit and nut genera Amygdalus, Ficus, Hippophae, Juglans, Malus, Persica, Pistacia, Prunus, Punica, Pyrus, and Vitis collected in Tajikistan. ...................... 13 Table 3. Location of the Institutes by their Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture ............................................................................................................ 14 Table 4. Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events, based on projections to the mid- to late 21st century. ............................................................................................................................... 25 Table 5. Stakeholder roles and responsibilities ................................................................... 28 Table 6. Risks facing the Project and the risk mitigation strategy ...................................... 44 Table 6. Project Monitoring and Evaluation Plan and Budget ........................................... 57 Table 7. Stakeholders and their roles .................................................................................. 86 5 List of Figures Figure 1. Increase in mean annual air temperatures over the 50 years 1940-2000. Source: Agency on Hydrometeorology of the Republic of Tajikistan (2007). ............24 6 SECTION I: ELABORATION OF THE NARRATIVE PART 1: Situation Analysis 1.1 Context and
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