Shumet Sishagne a Catalogue of Land Tenure Related

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Shumet Sishagne a Catalogue of Land Tenure Related SHUMET SISHAGNE A CATALOGUE OF LAND TENURE RELATED MICROFILM FROM CHURCHES AND MONASTERIES OF GONDAR PROVINCE RECORDED IN 1984 AND BETWEEN JANUARY AND JULY 1988 1984, 1.1 - 34 Gondär, Mädhane Aläm ript: As'e Iyyasu to the 20th century Charters including grant from As'e Fasil (film 1), and the charter for Mäkanä Iyäsus (film 15) registered by Eshäte Haylui grants to the däbtära of Mädhane Aläm and sales from the 18th century onwards. :): 1984, 11.2 - 21 Ass'ass'ami Qeddus Mika'el ript: As'e Iyyasu Charter, including the charter of the church of Däfäya Kidanä Meherät by As'e Täklä Haymanoti detailed list of the däbtärai lands of the Mika'el church, sales 0: 1984, 11.22 - 37 Dämbeya, Achära Mareyam ript: from mid-19th century sales, bequeathals 0: 1984, V.1 - 4 Däbrä Tabor Mädhane Aläm ript: Ras Wäldä Giyorgis reconfirmation of the charter of Emperor Yohännes IV, särit, bequeathals, sales 0: 1984, V.5 - 7 Däbrä Tabor, Enatitu Mareyam ript: Ras Ali, Ras Gugsa rim lands of Etege Männän and Ras Alii bequeathal to Ras Gugsa 0: 1984, V.8 - 31 Mahdärä Mareyam ript: As'e Bäkaffa [?] to the 20th century salesi bequeathalsi charter of Emperor Bäkaffa [V.35,36,VI.1a,VI.1]i a list of the Mahdärä Mareyam däbtära and their särit [VI.7] excerpt from .Mäs'ehafä Tarik zä Mahdärä Mareyam [VI.8-9]i excerpt from Yältyoppeya Tarik ? [VI.10-31] -Je: 1984, VI.32 - 33; VII.1 - 19 1: Mäkanä Iyäsus :::ript: As'e Adeyam Sägäd Iyyasu to the 20th century Däbtära grants and a list of their service turns; grant of taxation rights to the church from Eyäge Tewoflos [VII.5]; confirmation of the särit from Empress Zäwditu [VII.7-8]; charter confirmation by Emperor Yohännes IV [VII.11-12]; excerpt from the Tarikä Nägäst concerning the charters of the Däbrä Tabor Iyäsus church -Je: P88, 1.0 - IV.30 1 : Gendär, Qwesgwam ::ript: Mäzgäb Etege Mentewwab second version -Je: P88, IV. 31 - 34 1 : Gondär, Addäbabay Täklä Haymanot ::ript: Mälka'e Iyäsus a list ef the däbtära, and places of särit \Te: P88, IV.35 - V.3; VI.22 - 26 Gondär, Addäbabay Täklä Haymanot ::ript: Deggwa, Wängel, private netes 20th century sales,list of guarantors; list of the däbtära established by Emperor Iyyasu [from the private notebook of Qes As'e sirak] \Te: P88, V.4 - 21 .1 : Gondär, Qäha Iyäsus ::ript: Tamerä Iyäsus, private notebook As'e Iyyasu I to 20th century grant and a list of the rim holders; a genealogical list from Emperor Fasil to Ras Kassa Darge \Te: P88, V.22 - 30 Gondär, Däbrä Berhan Sellase ::ript: Tarikä Nägäst As'e Iyyasu I, As'e Yohännes IV Charter of D.B. Sellase granted by Emperor Iyyasu I and later confirmations and bequeathals and further grants \To: P88, V.30 - VI.5 1: Azäzo, Täklä Haymanot ::ript: Gädlä Täklä Haymanot, Fetha Nägäst mid-19th to 20th century sales No: P88, VI.6 - 20 :h: Gondär, Fit Mika'el cript: Notebook a history of Ethiopia from Adam to Haile Sellassie I No: P88, VI.27 - VIII.1 h: Gondär, Bä'ata cript: Mäzgäb As'e Täklä Haymanot Bä'ata Mäzgäb No: P88, VIII.3 - 6 h: Wäräta Giyorgis ::::ript: Etege Zäwditu grant of market revenue from Empress Zäwditui list of the turn of offices '10 : P88, VIII.7 - 23 Wäräta Giyorgis ::ript: Nägärä Haymanot - on the nature of Christ and the ~~c.. history of the controversy between the Qebat and Täwahedo . ~"".- ro: P88, VIII.25 - 33 Wäräta Giyorgis :ript: Ras Ali to the 20th century sale 0: P88, VIII.34 - IX.9 Washa Endreyas ript: Dawit history in Ge'ez, frequent mention of fighting [?] with the Galla; stops with the reign of Emperor Iyyasu I 0: P88, IX.10 - 16 Washa Endreyas ript: loose leaves and Gädlä Säma'etat As'e Bäkaffa not legible ::>: P88, IX.17 - 18 T'ara Gädam ::-ipt: Wängel list of rim lands No: P88, IX.19 - 26 :h: T'ara Gädam ,cript: T'are Kidan, Dersanä Mika'el a history of the establishment of T'ära Gädam during Emperor Gälawdewos's reign and the endowments it received from succeeding rulersi register of booksi ________________-~tocOI (wäg zämä'aräg wämeker) [25-26J No: P88, IX.33 - X.24 h: Mandaba Mädhane Aläm cript: land grant from Emperors Bäkaffa and Iyyasu II [X.20-21Ji list of lands of the monasterYi salesi bequeathalsi a list of the Zämänä Mäsafent rulers [from the Tarikä Nägäst ?J No: P88, IX.28 - 31 h: Gorgora, Däbrä sina cript: Haymanotä Abäw a history of the särit of Angara and Däbrä sina from ~~~ time of Emperor Yeshaq No: P88, X.25 - XI.4 h: Fänja Mareyam ::::ript: Mäzgäb Däjazmac Maru the Mäzgäb of Fänja Mareyam ~o: P88, XI.6 - XII.5 1 : Washa Endreyas ~ript: Gädlä Endreyas [?J hagiography of Abunä Endreyas ~o: P88, XII.6,7 Sändaba Iyäsus :::ript: the särit of Sändaba Iyäsus ~o : P88, XII.8 - 15 Sändaba Iyäsus :::ript: Senkessar Dersanä Abunä Wäldä Tänsa'e of Däbrä Hälib - on the struggle against the Roman religion at the time of Emperor Susenyos P88, XII.16 - 24 Gondär, Däbrä Met'maq Mareyam Tamerä Iyäsus As'e Täklä Giyorgis Charter of Däbrä Met'maq [17, 18]; 20th century sales P88, XII.26 - XIII.4 Zuramba Tärikä Nägäst a portion of the Tarikä Nägäst incuding the history and charters of S'ereha Mareyam (Zuramba) P88, XIII.5 - 10 Zuramba Senkessar a list of the number of shums (officials) in the various districts P88, XIII.11 - 16 Mahdärä Mareyam loose leaves Vi excerpt from the Tärikä Nägäst[?] P88, XIII.17 - XIV.30 Mahdärä Mareyam orit, Haymanotä Abäw, Senkessar 18th to the 20th centuries the särit of the däbtäras of Mahdärä Mareyam during Emperor Bäkaffa's reign [XIII, 24, 25], and the reign of Emperor Iyyasu 11 [XIII.30, 31]; individual listing of the däbtära with revenue of grain for each one [XIII.18]; inventory of books and other property; assigning rim rights over land granted to the church [XIII.22]; sales, bequeathal (a number of them to the church); the Charter of Mäkanä Iyäsus church [XIV.26, 27] P88, XIV.31 - XVI.36 Mahdärä Mareyam loose letters 20th century letters to the mähber of Mahdärä Mareyam frorn Ernpress Zäwditu, Ras Wäle, Ras Gugsa, Emperor Haile Sellassie, Ernpress Männän, frorn various bishops and nobles No: P88, XVII.1 - XVII.34 h: Qwärat'a Wälätä P'et'ros cript: Four Gospels As'e Yohännes IV to the 20th century sales; inventories of books and other church properties; a list of the lands of the monastery [XVII.31] No: P88, XVII.35 h: Qwärat'a Wälätä P'et'ros cript: Senkessar 1915 sale of a Senkessar for 120 berr No: P88, XVII.36 - XVIII.28 h: Qwärat'a Wälätä P'et'ros cript: Gädlä Wälätä P'et'ros As'e Iyyasu I, As'e Täklä Giyorgis, Ras Mariye, Ras Haylu, Däjazmac Gälämo, Ras Wäldä Giyorgis sales, inheritance, settlement of land disputes; hagiography of Wälätä P'et'ros [XVIII.11-16i 24-28] No: P88, XVIII.29 - 36 h: Qwärat'a Wälätä P'et'ros cript: Gäbrä HaYmanot As'e Gwalu sales, bequeathals, settlement of land disputei list of däbtära lands No: P88, XIX.3 - 15 h: T'ana c;:irqos cript: Arba'etu Wängel As'e Särs'ä Dengel - Emperor Särs'ä Dengel's Charter to T'ana c;:ergos; Emperor Fasil's Charter; history of the church in Ge'ezi sale No: P88, XIX.16 - 19 h: Qoma Fasilädäs cript: Senkessar (Mäskäräm) 18th century(?) sales No: P88, XIX.20 - 27 h: Qoma Fasilädäs cript: Mäs'ehafä Liq As'e Fasilädäs The särit of Qoma Fasilädäs by Empress wäld Sä'ala No: P88, XIX.28 - 36 :h: Qoma Fasilädäs 3cript: Senkessar (Mägabit) sales and inventory of church property No: P88, XX.4 - 25 ::h: Qoma Fasilädäs 3cript: Tamerä Mareyam List of the däbtära established [4-6]i Charter (Arabic) [7-9]i Charter [20]i inventorYi bequeathalsi salesi No: P88, XXI.5 - 17 ~h: Geshäna Täklä Haymanot 3cript: Tamerä Mareyami Qeddasse Särit of the däbtära [5-8, 13-17]i sales, begueathals No: P88, XXI.18 - XXII.21 ~h: Sheme Giyorgis 3cript: Wängel (Hamsa Fäj) Däjazmac Barentu, As'e Gigar to the late 19th century Charter [XXI.28, XXII.18]i sales, bequeathals No: P88, XXII.22 - 24 ~h: Dat Giyorgis 3cript: Fetha Nägäst särit (1952 E.C) No: P88, XXII.32 - XXIII.32 ~h: Mäkanä Iyäsus 3cript: Fetha Nägäst As'e Täklä Giyorgis to the 20th century Charters of emperors Täklä Giyorgis, Hezqeyas, Tewodros, Yohännes (Mäzgäb) [XXII.25-32, XXIII.16-27, XXIII.29-32]i sales, bequeathals No: P88, XXIII.33 - XXIV.2 ::h: Krestos Sämra 3cript: Wängel As'e Täklä Giyorgis särit, sales No: P88, XXIV.3 - 8 :::h: Betälehem 3cript: Qeddasse list of däbtärai inventoriesi Emperor Menilek's letter of 1881 ordering the cancellation of unauthorized versions of the Dersanä Uru'el No: P88, XXIV.9 - 36a; XXV.2a - XXV.9a :h: Betälehem icript: Laha (?) Mareyam, Gädlä T. HaYmanot Empress DeI Mogäsa, As'e Särs'ä Dengel, As'e Dawit, As'e Fasilädäs to the 19th century Charters [XXIV.9-12, XXIV. 19-20, XXV.4a-6a]; bequeathals, sales No: P88, XXV.10a - XXIX.34 h: Betälehem cript: Däjazmac Admasu Mäzgäb early 20th century to the Italian occupation including the occupation period Papers of Däjazmac Admasu Berru; Italian propaganda leaflets and newspapers No: P88, XXIX.35 - XXX.27 h: Gälawdewos cript: Wängel, Gädlä Säma'etat, Arba'etu Wängel Särit, bequeathals, sales No: P88, XXX.28 - 36 h: Gälawdewos ::ript: Tarikä Nägäst -~---, the portion dealing with the destruction of Gran and the success of Emperor Gälawdewos, the founding of the church of Gälawdewos, grants made to it by emperors Särs'ä Dengel and Yohännes I; the rims of Gälawdewos -Jo: P88, XXXI.2 - XXXIII.23 Gälawdewos ::ript: assorted papers from early 20th century letters to the church from Ras Wäldä Giyorgis, Ras Gugsa, Empress Zäwditu, Ras Täfäri..
Recommended publications
  • Sabla Wangêl, the Queen of the Kingdom of Heaven Margaux Herman
    Sabla Wangêl, the queen of the Kingdom of Heaven Margaux Herman To cite this version: Margaux Herman. Sabla Wangêl, the queen of the Kingdom of Heaven. Addis Ababa University Institute of Ethiopian Studies XVII International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Nov 2009, ADDIS ABEBA, France. halshs-00699633 HAL Id: halshs-00699633 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00699633 Submitted on 21 May 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Herman Margaux, (Phd Candidate) University of Paris1-La Sorbonne - Department of History Cemaf-Paris UMR 8171 Supervisor : Bertrand Hirsch Current Mailing Address: Herman Margaux 12-14 bd-Richard Lenoir 75011 Paris- France e-mail:[email protected] 1 Säblä Wängel, the Queen of the Kingdom of Heaven Starting from a general consideration about the Ethiopian queens from 16th to 18th centuries, I have come to focus on Queen Säblä Wängel, a notable figure of the royalty of the 16th century, and on her royal foundation called Mängəśtä Sämayat Kidanä Məhrät. This paper is based on an analysis of a corpus of composite sources. We will compare the statements explaining the history of the construction of the church in the sources written after the death of the queen to the records produced when she was alive.
    [Show full text]
  • The Paintings in St. George Church in Addis Ababa As a Method
    Studies of the Department of African Languages and Cultures, No 49, 2015 ISSN 0860-4649 Hanna Rubinkowska-Anioł University of Warsaw The Paintings in St. George Church in Addis Ababa as a Method of Conveying Information about History and Power in 20 th - century Ethiopia 1 Abstract: In one of the most important churches in Addis Ab- aba (Ethiopia), there is a panel containing several paintings. They are exact copies of photographs showing Emperor Haile Sellasie I during the war against Italy (1935-1941). The paint- ings were copied from frequently published, and thus well- known, photographs, which served imperial propaganda to show the Emperor’s role in fighting for Ethiopia’s independ- ence. Using the paintings as source material, it is the aim of this article to discuss specific propagandistic methods applied in Ethiopia under Haile Sellasie to transmit a message about power and history, and to present the intended image of the Emperor to his subjects. Keywords : Ethiopia, visual representation, St. George Church, Haile Sellasie I, Italo-Ethiopian War Introduction In St. George Church, one of the main Addis Ababa churches, there is a panel of paintings presenting scenes from the Italo- Ethiopian war (between 1935 and 1941). The paintings were made as a reminder of the role Haile Sellasie I (the emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974) performed in regaining Ethiopia’s independence. The pictures were meant to testify to the Emperor’s services to the nation and emphasize his right – frequently undermined by his opponents – to rule the country after independence was regained. They also con- 1 The author thanks Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Aethiopica 21 (2018) International Journal of Ethiopian and Eritrean Studies
    Aethiopica 21 (2018) International Journal of Ethiopian and Eritrean Studies ________________________________________________________________ NAMOUNA GUEBREYESUS, École des Hautes Études des Sciences Sociales, Paris, HIRUY ABDU, Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University Article The Establishment of Gwǝlt and Rim Landholdings in Eighteenth•Century Gondärine Churches with a Special Focus on Ḥamärä Noḫ Śälästu Mǝʾǝt Däbr Aethiopica 21 (2018), 137–163 ISSN: 1430•1938 ________________________________________________________________ Edited in the Asien•Afrika•Institut Hiob•Ludolf•Zentrum für Äthiopistik der Universität Hamburg Abteilung für Afrikanistik und Äthiopistik by Alessandro Bausi in cooperation with Bairu Tafla, Ulrich Braukämper †, Ludwig Gerhardt, Hilke Meyer-Bahlburg, and Siegbert Uhlig The Establishment of Gwǝlt and Rim Landholdings in Eighteenth­Century Gondärine Churches with a Special Focus on Ḥamärä Noḫ Śälästu Mǝʾǝt Däbr∗ NAMOUNA GUEBREYESUS, École des Hautes Études des Sciences Sociales, Paris, HIRUY ABDU, Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University Introduction In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, churches in the region of Gondär were favoured by kings who granted them sizeable estates.1 Churches with a large number of clerics and vast estates were classified as däbr. The churches enjoyed tax exemptions, and most of them were allowed to give asylum to criminals who invoked their protection.2 Däbrs were endowed with lands and their entitlement to the holdings was proclaimed and registered in written deeds known as gwǝlt charters.3 Following the grant, officers of the king executed the terms of the grant, drawing up a list of clerics and registering the distribution of the gwǝlt lands as individual holdings for each cleric. In the registers of these churches the clerical holdings on gwǝlt lands are noted as rim.
    [Show full text]
  • Throne Names, Pen Names, Horse Names, and Field Names: a Look at the Significance of Name Change in the Ethiopian Political Sphere
    Mehari 1 Throne Names, Pen Names, Horse Names, and Field Names: A Look at the Significance of Name Change in the Ethiopian Political Sphere Krista Mehari Academic Director: Heran Sereke-Brhan Project Advisor: Bahru Zewde Hope College Psychology Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Ethiopia: Sacred Traditions and Visual Culture, SIT Study Abroad, Spring Semester 2007 Mehari 2 Table of Contents I. Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………..p. 3 II. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...p. 4 III. Methodology……………………………………………………………………………p. 5 IV. Throne Names…………………………………………………………………………..p. 7 V. Horse Names…………………………………………………………………………….p. 10 VI. Pen Names……………………………………………………………………………....p. 12 VII. Field Names……………………………………………………………………………p. 14 VIII. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….p. 19 IX. References………………………………………………………………………………p. 21 X. Primary Sources………………………………………………………………………….p. 21 XI. Appendices……………………………………………………………………………...p. 22 Mehari 3 Abstract This study examines the motivations for name changes and the purposes the chosen names accomplish, specifically relating to the Ethiopian political sphere. Throne names and horse names were used solely by the emperors and the ruling class. Those name changes exalted the bearer by either stating his authority or connecting him to divine power. Pen names and field names were used by people not in power to hide their identity from people with the power to harm them. Although the purpose of those name changes was to disguise, the names that
    [Show full text]
  • A Bibliography on Christianity in Ethiopia Abbink, G.J
    A bibliography on Christianity in Ethiopia Abbink, G.J. Citation Abbink, G. J. (2003). A bibliography on Christianity in Ethiopia. Asc Working Paper Series, (52). Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/375 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/375 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). African Studies Centre Leiden, the Netherlands ,, A Bibliography on Christianity in Eth J. Abbink ASC Working Paper 52/2003 Leiden: African Studies Centre 2003 © J. Abbink, Leiden 2003 Image on the front cover: Roof of the lih century rock-hewn church of Beta Giorgis in Lalibela, northern Ethiopia 11 Table of contents . Page Introduction 1 1. Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity and Missionary Churches: Historical, Political, Religious, and Socio-cultural Aspects 8 1.1 History 8 1.2 History of individual churches and monasteries 17 1.3 Aspects of doctrine and liturgy 18 1.4 Ethiopian Christian theology and philosophy 24 1.5 Monasteries and monastic life 27 1.6 Church, state and politics 29 1. 7 Pilgrimage 31 1.8 Religious and liturgical music 32 1.9 Social, cultural and educational aspects 33 1.10 Missions and missionary churches 37 1.11 Ecumenical relations 43 1.12 Christianity and indigenous (traditional) religions 44 1.13 Biographical studies 46 1.14 Ethiopian diaspora communities 47 2. Christian Texts, Manuscripts, Hagiographies 49 2.1 Sources, bibliographies, catalogues 49 2.2 General and comparative studies on Ethiopian religious literature 51 2.3 On saints 53 2.4 Hagiographies and related texts 55 2.5 Ethiopian editions and translations of the Bible 57 2.6 Editions and analyses of other religious texts 59 2.7 Ethiopian religious commentaries and exegeses 72 3.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Representative Land
    1 A SURVEY OF REPRESENTATIVE LAND CHARTERS OF THE ETHIOPIAN EMPIRE (1314-1868) AND RELATED MARGINAL NOTES IN MANUSCRIPTS IN THE BRITISH LIBRARY, THE ROYAL LIBRARY AND THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES OF CAMBRIDGE AND MANCHESTER by Haddis Gehre-Meskel Thesis submitted to the University of London (School of Oriental and African Studies) for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 1992 ProQuest Number: 10672615 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672615 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 This work is humbly dedicated to the memory of His Grace Abune Yohannes, Archbishop of Aksum. ( 1897 - 1991 ) May his lifelong work in the service of the Ethiopian Church and people continue to bear fruit and multiply. 3 ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to compile and analyse information about ownership, sales and disputes of land in Ethiopia helween 1314 and 1868 on the basis of documents which are preserved in the marginalia of Ethiopia manuscripts in the Collections of the British Library, the Royal Library at Windsor Castle and the University Libraries of Cambridge and Manchester.
    [Show full text]
  • The QUEST for the ARK of the COVENANT As This Book Was Going to Press the Publishers Received the Sad News of the Death of the Author, Stuart Munro- Hay
    The QUEST for the ARK OF THE COVENANT As this book was going to press the Publishers received the sad news of the death of the author, Stuart Munro- Hay. It is their hope and expectation that this book will serve as a fitting tribute to his lifelong dedication to the study of Ethiopia and its people. The QUEST for the ARK OF THE COVENANT THE TRUE HISTORY OF THE TABLETS OF MOSES STUART MUNRO-HAY Published in 2005 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Website: http://www.ibtauris.com In the United States and Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of St. Martin’s Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © Dr Stuart Munro-Hay, 2005 The right of Stuart Munro-Hay to be identified as the author of this work has been assert- ed by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN 1-85043-668-1 EAN 978-185043-668-3 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Typeset in Ehrhardt by Dexter Haven Associates Ltd, London Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin Contents Preface and Acknowledgements .
    [Show full text]
  • Nubia Y Etiopía
    EDAD OSCURA: NUBIA Y ETIOPÍA Por Magus Históricamente existe gran confusión sobre el uso de los términos de Nubia y Etiopía. Hay quien dice que Nubia procede del egipcio “Nub,” quizás relativo a la riqueza de oro del territorio. Otros historiadores creen que deriva del pueblo de los Nobates, que se asentó en la zona en el siglo IV y se extendió con el colapso del reino de Meroë. Los antiguos griegos, como Herodoto y Diodoro Sículo utilizaban la palabra “Aethiopia” (“tierra de los rostros quemados”) para referirse a los territorios al sur del Antiguo Egipto, especialmente al reino de Kush, pero también al África subsahariana en general. En algunos mapas medievales el término “Etiopía” se utilizaba para todo el continente africano y el Océano Atlántico también era conocido como Océano Etíope. El reino de Axum comenzó a utilizar el nombre de Etiopía desde el siglo IV. En el presente artículo se utiliza para la zona controlada por los reinos medievales de Nobatia, Makuria, Alodia y el reino de Etiopía, situados a lo largo del río Nilo y el cuerno de África. En cualquier caso, no se trata de un ensayo fielmente histórico, sino de un suplemento y ayuda para un juego de rol, con lo cual me he tomado algunas libertades. En cualquier caso, que disfrutéis con la lectura. NUBIA Los sucesivos pueblos que han habitado más allá de la primera catarata del Nilo han tenido como vecinos al reino de Egipto e inevitablemente fueron influenciados por su cultura y afectados por periódicas invasiones y guerras. De la misma forma, los nubios también han invadido Egipto en varias ocasiones y llegaron a crear una dinastía faraónica durante el siglo VIII a.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Tha Battle of Adwa.Book
    THE BATTLE OF ADWA THE BATTLE OF ADWA REFLECTIONS ON ETHIOPIA’S HISTORIC VICTORY AGAINST EUROPEAN COLONIALISM Edited by Paulos Milkias & Getachew Metaferia Contributors Richard Pankhurst Zewde Gabra-Selassie Negussay Ayele Harold Marcus Theodore M. Vestal Paulos Milkias Getachew Metaferia Maimire Mennasemay Mesfin Araya Algora Publishing New York © 2005 by Algora Publishing All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-87586-413-9 (softcover) ISBN: 0-87586-414-7 (hardcover) ISBN: 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data — The Battle of Adwa: reflections on Ethiopia’s historic victory against European colonialism / edited by Paulos Milkias, Getachew Metaferia. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87586-413-9 (trade paper: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-414-7 (hard cover: alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87586-415-5 (ebook) 1. Adwa, Battle of, Adwa, Ethiopia, 1896. I. Milkias, Paulos. II. Metaferia, Getachew. DT387.3.B39 2005 963'.043—dc22 2005013845 Front Cover: Printed in the United States This book is dedicated to all peoples of the world who have stood up to colonial subjugation and courageously sacrificed their lives for the love of freedom and liberty ETHIOPIAN TITLES Afe-Nigus — (“Mouthpiece of the Emperor”) equivalent to the U.S. “Chief Justice.” Asiraleqa — (“Commander of 10”) Corporal, as a military title.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia April 2007
    COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT ETHIOPIA 11 APRIL 2007 RDS-IND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ETHIOPIA 11 APRIL 2007 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN ETHIOPIA, 24 MARCH 2007 TO 5 APRIL 2007 REPORTS ON ETHIOPIA PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED SINCE 1 APRIL 2007 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ..................................................................................... 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.03 2. ECONOMY ......................................................................................... 2.01 3. HISTORY ........................................................................................... 3.01 Dergue Trials ................................................................................ 3.06 Border Conflict with Eritrea 1998-2006....................................... 3.06 National Elections May 2005 ....................................................... 3.13 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ................................................................... 4.01 March 2007.................................................................................... 4.01 5. CONSTITUTION .................................................................................. 5.01 6. POLITICAL SYSTEM............................................................................ 6.01 Political Overview......................................................................... 6.01 The Executive Branch.................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Picture of the Virgin Mary in the Ethiopic Senkessar Oppiaine Läroämne – Subject Middle Eastern Studies
    PICTURE OF THE VIRGIN MARY IN THE ETHIOPIC SENKESSAR REV NIILO HONKANEN MASTER OF ARTS STUDY MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI OCTOBER 2019 Niilo Honkanen 1 Tiedekunta – Fakultet – Faculty Humanistinen Koulutusohjelma – Utbildningsprogram – Degree Programme Kulttuurien laitos Opintosuunta – Studieinriktning – Study Track Lähi-idän (Etiopia) opinnot Tekijä – Författare – Author Niilo Honkanen Työn nimi – Arbetets titel – Title Neitsyr Maria-kuva etiopialaisessa senkessarissa Työn laji – Arbetets art – Level Aika – Datum – Month and Sivumäärä– Sidoantal – Number of pages FM year 10.10.2019 73 Tiivistelmä – Referat – Abstract Mariologinen tutkimus huomioi Etiopian ortodoksikirkon, mutta vähemmän etiopialaisen synaksarionin (Ethiopic Senkessar) kertomuksia. Käänsin ge’ezistä suomeen viiden suuren ja yhdeksän vähäisemmän Maria-juhlan tekstit. Näistä valituista Maria-juhlien teksteistä poimin neitsyt Mariaan liittyvät epiteetit ja adjektiivit, jotka tulkintoineen muodostavat tutkimukseni Maria-kuvan. Senkessarin kriittiset ge’ezin kieliset tekstit, joiden taustalla on vain 9 käsikirjoitusta, ovat kokoelmassa Patrologia Orientalis (1907- 1997) ranskankielisten käännösten kera. Englanninkielisen käännöksen laati E.A. Wallis Budge (1928) eri käsikirjoitusten perusteella. Runsaasti Etiopia-tietoutta on laajassa viisiosaisessa teoksessa, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica (2003-2014). Maria-juhlia on Etiopian ortodoksikirkossa 33 sekä lisäksi muutamia kuukausittain toistuvia juhlapäiviä. Valitsemani Maria-juhlien kertomukset antavat laajemman
    [Show full text]
  • Asma Giyorgis and His Work
    ASMA GIYORGIS AND HIS WORK HI STORY OF THE GÄLLÄ AND THE KINGDOM OF SAWÄ EDITED BY BAIRU TAFLA FRANZ STEINER VERLAG WIESBADEN GMBH STUTTGART 1987 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents " 7 Geleitwort des Herausgebers 15 Preface 17 Key to Abbreviations 19 Introductory Remarks 47 A. The Oromo in History 47 B. The Author and His Work 53 C. Some Remarks on the Translation 70 D. Key to the Dates in the Text 73 PART I Introduction 79 1. Scope of the work - The problems of recörding history^n. Ethiopia - Wayzaro Agäyä's book - A legendary origin of the Galla T An examination of the legend - Ase Lehna Dengel and Rägu'el's prophecy - A commentary on the prophecy 79 2. A criticism against the Ethiopian clergy - The age of exploration and discovery - The origin of tobacco - Further criticism against the clergy - The increase of Muslim power in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries - A censure of the Ethiopian clergy 103 3. History and law - Natural law and the institution of Rako - Failure of the Ethiopian clergy to christianize the Galla - Confiscation of the Galla lands - The Galla observe nine of the Ten Commandments - The institution of the Gada - Segmentation and abolition of the Caffe - Spread of Islam among the Galla 119 Chapters: 1. First settlement of the Galla in Bäle - Thetwo branches of the Galla - The early migrations of the Galla - The accounts of Abbä Bährey - The outbreak of the Gällä-Amärä war - The first five Lubä - The campaign of Ase Galäwdewos against the Galla - The victory of Amir Nur and the death of Ase Galäwdewos - The devastation of Harar by the Christians and the Galla - The spread of the Akkeccu in and around Harar - Age cycle and circumcision among the Gällä 137 2.
    [Show full text]