Universidade Federal Do Ceará Centro De Ciências Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica

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Universidade Federal Do Ceará Centro De Ciências Departamento De Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Bioquímica UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOQUÍMICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOQUÍMICA JOSÉ EDNÉSIO DA CRUZ FREIRE MODIFICAÇÕES PÓS-TRADUCIONAIS REVELAM QUE Mo-CBP3, UMA ALBUMINA 2S LIGANTE DE QUITINA DE Moringa oleifera, É UMA MISTURA COMPLEXA DE ISOFORMAS FORTALEZA 2018 ii JOSÉ EDNÉSIO DA CRUZ FREIRE MODIFICAÇÕES PÓS-TRADUCIONAIS REVELAM QUE Mo-CBP3, UMA ALBUMINA 2S LIGANTE DE QUITINA DE Moringa oleifera, É UMA MISTURA COMPLEXA DE ISOFORMAS Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, do Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Bioquímica. Área de concentração: Bioquímica Vegetal. Orientador: Profº. Dr. Thalles Barbosa Grangeiro FORTALEZA 2018 14 15 JOSÉ EDNÉSIO DA CRUZ FREIRE MODIFICAÇÕES PÓS-TRADUCIONAIS REVELAM QUE Mo-CBP3, UMA ALBUMINA 2S LIGANTE DE QUITINA DE Moringa oleifera, É UMA MISTURA COMPLEXA DE ISOFORMAS Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, do Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular da Universidade Federal do Ceará, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Bioquímica. Área de concentração: Bioquímica Vegetal. APROVADA EM: _____28 / _____03 / _____2018 BANCA EXAMINADORA Profº. Drº. Thalles Barbosa Grangeiro (Orientador) Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) Prof. Dr. Geancarlo Zanatta Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) Prof. Dr. Bruno Lopes de Sousa Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE) Prof. Dr. Ito Liberato Barroso Neto Centro Universitário Unichristus Prof. Dr. Rômulo Farias Carneiro Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) 16 A Deus pela ciência necessária para desenvolver este trabalho. A minha queria e compreensiva esposa, Cindy; Aos saudosos, Genésio e Edite (meus pais); A minha Madrasta, Maria por ter ajudado sempre que necessário; Aos meus Irmãos, Benedito, Genedito, Evandito, Genedier, Efigênia e Lidiene, Dedico, com amor. 17 AGRADECIMENTOS Ao Profº. Dr. Thalles Barbosa Grangeiro, por me acolher em seu laboratório e dedicar uma valiosa orientação. Pelos questionamentos, explicações, soluções e exemplo, o qual tentarei seguir na minha caminhada científica. Ao Profº. Dr. José Edvar Monteiro Júnior, por sua grande contribuição para a realização deste trabalho, por meio de sugestões e explicações e co-orientação. Aos Profº. Dr. Geancarlo Zanatta, Dr. Bruno Lopes de Sousa, Dr. Ito Liberato Barroso Neto e Dr. Rômulo Farias Carneiro por aceitarem o convite para participar desta banca. A todos os professores do Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular que, de alguma forma, colaboraram para a realização deste trabalho. A todos os integrantes dos Laboratórios de Genética de microrganismos. A Deus, pela ciência necessária para a execução deste trabalho. MUITO OBRIGADO! 18 AGRADECIMENTOS INSTITUCIONAIS Este trabalho foi realizado graças ao auxílio das seguintes Instituições: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (FUNCAP). Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular do Centro de Ciências e Universidade de Fortaleza, Núcleo de Biologia Experimental, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, em cujos laboratórios foi realizada esta pesquisa. 19 RESUMO O estudo de albuminas 2S expressas em sementes de Moringa oleifera tem sido um processo muito complexo, especialmente quando empregadas técnicas proteômicas convencionais devido à presença de muitas isoformas. A grande diversidade de isoformas proteicas pode advir, em parte, devido à origem multigênica, além do intenso processamento pós-traducional. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivos investigar a ocorrência de novas isoformas de Mo-CBP3 e caracterizar estas proteínas quanto à presença de modificações pós- traducionais (MPTs). O trabalho empregou uma abordagem experimental que incluiu (1) clonagem e sequenciamento de fragmentos de DNA genômico codificando Mo-CBP3; (2) análise de massas moleculares por LC-ESI-MS; e (3) análise computacional, com o objetivo de correlacionar massas teóricas e experimentais. Um total de 32 clones diferentes de Mo- CBP3 foram obtidos e completamente sequenciados. Após alinhamento múltiplo das sequências de aminoácidos deduzidas foi possível agrupá-las em oito grupos distintos. Destas, quatro isoformas foram descritas anteriormente (Mo-CBP3-1, Mo-CBP3-2, Mo-CBP3-3 e Mo- CBP3-4), enquanto que as isoformas Mo-CBP3-2A (163 resíduos de aminoácidos), Mo-CBP3- 2B (162 resíduos), Mo-CBP3-3A (160 resíduos) e Mo-CBP3-3B (160 aa) foram descritas pela primeira vez neste trabalho. Análises das sequências de aminoácidos, deduzidas de DNA genômico, sugeriram que as isoformas de Mo-CBP3 são sintetizadas como preproproteínas, contendo um peptídeo sinal N-terminal, um propeptídeo N-terminal, uma cadeia menor com cerca de 4 kDa, um peptídeo de ligação entre as duas cadeias, uma cadeia maior com aproximadamente 8 kDa, e uma extensão C-terminal. ESI-MS revelaram 147 valores distintos de massas moleculares, dos quais 89 correspondiam às variantes da cadeia menor e 58 às variantes da cadeia maior. Valores de massa molecular foram calculados a partir das sequências de aminoácidos, assumindo diferentes graus de processamento proteolítico nas extremidades N- e C-terminais de cada cadeia. Além disso, possíveis alterações produzidas por diferentes PTMs, como hidroxilação de prolina, fosforilação de serina ou treonina, oxidação de metionina e cliclização de glutamina N-terminal em piroglutamato (pGlu), foram também levados em consideração. Usando essa estratégia, a maioria das massas experimentais da cadeia menor (72 de um total de 89) e quase todas as massas da cadeia maior (57 de um total de 58) puderam ser atribuídas a sequências específicas de aminoácidos, das diferentes isoformas de Mo-CBP3. Estes resultados sugerem que: i) as isoformas de Mo-CBP3 são oriundas, primordialmente, de membros proximamente relacionados de uma família 20 multigênica; ii) uma vez processados, os precursores codificados a partir dos diferentes mRNAs originam duas cadeias, uma menor (4 kDa) e outra maior (8 kDa), unidas por pontes dissulfeto; as extremidades N- e C-terminais de ambas as cadeias podem sofrer processamento proteolítico, resultando na remoção de um ou alguns resíduos de cada sequência, gerando cadeias com massas ligeiramente distintas; iii) modificações pós- traducionais em determinados resíduos de uma das cadeias polipeptídicas ou de ambas são uma terceira fonte de variação na massa molecular, aumentando substancialmente o número de isoformas. Em conclusão, uma mistura extremamente complexa de isoformas de Mo-CBP3, oriundas de alguns poucos genes, é produzida mediante diferentes combinações de PTMs distintas. Estes resultados constituem importantes avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos pós-traducionais inerentes que operam durante a biossíntese das albuminas 2S nas sementes da M. oleifera. Palavras-Chave: Moringa oleífera. Modificação pós-traducional. albuminas 2S. Mo-CBP3. 21 ABSTRACT The study of 2S albumin expressed in Moringa oleifera seeds has been a very complex process, especially when using conventional proteomic techniques due to the presence of many isoforms. The great diversity of protein isoforms may be dueto the multigenic origin, in addition to the intense post-translational processing. In this context, the aim of this work was to investigate the occurrence of new Mo-CBP3 isoforms and characterize these proteins for the presence of post-translational modifications (PTMs). The work employed an experimental approach which included (1) cloning and sequencing of genomic DNA fragments encoding Mo-CBP3; (2) molecular mass analysis through LC-ESI-MS; and (3) computational study, with the objective to correlate theoretical and experimental masses. A total of 32 different Mo-CBP3 clones were obtained and completely sequenced. After multiple alignments of the deduced amino acid sequences it was possible to categorize them into eight distinct isoform groups. Four of these isoforms have been previously described (Mo-CBP3-1, Mo-CBP3-2, Mo- CBP3-3 and Mo-CBP3-4), whereas Mo-CBP3-2A (163 amino acid residues), Mo-CBP3-2B (162 residues), Mo-CBP3-3A (160 residues) and Mo-CBP3-3B (160 aa) isoforms were first reported in this work. Analysis of the amino acid sequences, deduced from the genomic DNA, suggested that Mo-CBP3 isoforms are synthesized as preproproteins containing an N-terminal signal peptide, an N-terminal propeptide, a small chain of about 4 kDa, a peptide linkage between the two chains, a large chain with approximately 8 kDa, and a C-terminal extension. ESI-MS experiments revealed 147 distinct values of molecular mass, of which 89 corresponded to variants of the small chain and 58 to variants of the large chain. Molecular mass values were calculated from the amino acid sequences, assuming different degrees of proteolytic processing at the N- and C-terminal ends of each chain. In addition, possible changes produced by different PTMs, such as proline hydroxylation, serine or threonine phosphorylation, methionine oxidation, and the cyclization of the N-terminal glutamine into pyroglutamate (pGlu) were also taken into account. Using this strategy, the majority of the experimental masses of the small chain (72 of a total of 89) and almost all experimental masses corresponding to the large chain (57 out of 58) could be attributed
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