Identification and promotion of natural enemies against insect pests in a Jatropha curcas (L.) plantation in south-central Madagascar J ATROG REEN Sustainable Energy Madagascar
Dipl.-Biol. Alina Nasibullina, MSc.agr. Dr. Jens Poetsch (JatroSolutions GmbH, Germany) Prof. Dr. Claus P. W. Zebitz (Department of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Germany) ¾ Introduction Jatropha curcas (L.) Major pests of J. curcas Pest control ¾ Methodology Study site Schedule Intercrops Field design Pests and their predators Rolls of intercrops/habitats ¾ Conclusions
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 2 University of Hohenheim availability of CO2 neutral fuel→ mitigation of climate change
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 3 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 4 University of Hohenheim Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Pyralidae Genus: Pempelia Scientific name: Pempelia morosalis (Saalm Uller) ¾ specific to J. curcas (leaves, flowers, fruits) ¾ exist: India; Madagascar ¾ developmental period (egg → adult): 42.34 days ¾ sex ration (♂: ♀): 1.2 : 1 ¾ larva: 1.0-1.2 cm length
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 5 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 6 University of Hohenheim Madagascar – Capital: Antananarivo – Area: 587.041 km2 – Population: 20.653.556
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 7 University of Hohenheim Fenoarivo – Population: 2147 –Clime: Aw – Precipitation: 600-1000mm p.a. – Annual average temperature: +26°C – Rivers: Fenoarivo, Zomandao – Vegetation: grass savannah – Crops: cassava, groundnut, maize, rice
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 8 University of Hohenheim Jatropha plantation – ca. 21 ° 44 'S Lat and 46 ° 19' E Long – soil: Ferric Luvisol – cultivation start: August- September 2006 – spacing of plants: 4x2m
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 9 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 10 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 11 University of Hohenheim J. curcas
C. pepo L. albus A. hypogaea; B. perennis; B. m m C. sativum juncea; C. chamaecrista; 4 2 A. hypogaea H. tuberosus H.annuus; T. majus H. annuus
m J. curcas 2 28 m
C. pepo L. albus A. hypogaea; B. perennis; B. m m
C. sativum juncea; C. chamaecrista; 2 4 A. hypogaea H.annuus; T. majus H. annuus H. tuberosus
J. curcas 12 m12 m12 m 24 m24 m24 m PC 1 (row intercropping) PC 2 (row intercropping) PC 3 (mixed intercropping)
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 12 University of Hohenheim ¾ annual/perennial ¾ row/mixed intercropping ¾ existence of legumes
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 13 University of Hohenheim Name of crop Pest Predator
Aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch) Ladybird (Coccinellidae) Arachis hypogaea Grass-/Leafhoppers Wasp (Trichogrammatidae) Grass-/Leafhoppers Cucurbita pepo Ladybird (Coccinellidae) Grass-/Leafhoppers ? Spider (Peucetia madagascariensis) Helianhtus annuus Wasp (Trichogrammatidae)
Ladybird (Coccinellidae) Helianthus tuberosus ? Spider (Peucetia madagascariensis) Wasp (Trichogrammatidae) Grass-/Leafhoppers Leaf miner (Stomphastis thraustica) ? Spider (Peucetia madagascariensis) Mealybug (Pseudococcidae) Ladybird (Coccinellidae) Jatropha curcas ? Diptera Jatropha leaf webber (Pempelia mororsalis) ? Spider (Peucetia madagascariensis) Wasp (Trichogrammatidae) Lupinus albus Grass-/Leafhoppers
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 14 University of Hohenheim Class: Arachnida Order: Araneae Family: Oxyopidae Genus: Peucetia Scientific name: Peucetia madagascariensis (Vinson, 1863) ¾ diurnal hunting spiders ¾ exist: Madagaskar (endemic) ¾ habitat: shrubs vegetation ¾ hight (♂ / ♀): 8-18 / 14-30 mm ¾ 1 generation a year / 1 egg sac ¾ predation of: Diptera; Lepidoptera
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 15 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 16 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 17 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 18 University of Hohenheim Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 19 University of Hohenheim Questions?Questions?
Department of Phytomedicine 29/09/2010 20 University of Hohenheim