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Conseil De L'europe What are the future challenges to the Quels sont les défis futurs pour la enjoyment of the rights and freedoms jouissance des droits et libertés Conference on the long-term future guaranteed by the Convention? garantis par la Convention ? How can the Court best fulfill its Comment la Cour peut-elle of the European Court of Human Rights twin role of acting as a safeguard s’acquitter au mieux de son for individuals and authoritatively double rôle de garante des droits interpreting the Convention? des individus et d’interprétation Conférence sur l’avenir à long terme The Oslo Conference 7 and 8 April authentique de la Convention ? 2014, arranged by the MultiRights La Conférence d’Oslo des 7 et 8 avril de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme project and the PluriCourts centre of 2014, organisée par le projet MultiRights excellence at Oslo University, under et le centre d’excellence PluriCourts de the auspices of the Council of Europe, l’Université d’Oslo, sous les auspices du intends to inspire and facilitate this task, Conseil de l’Europe, a eu pour vocation through a dialogue between scholars, d’inspirer et de faciliter cette réflexion judges and governmental experts. par un dialogue entre chercheurs, juges et experts gouvernementaux. Proceedings / Actes – Oslo, 7-8 April / avril 2014 / avril 7-8 April – Oslo, / Actes Proceedings Prems 68114 – ©Nanisimova/Shutterstock.com Prems www.coe.int/reformECHR www.jus.uio.no/pluricourts ENG FRA Proceedings / Actes Oslo, 7-8 April / avril 2014 H/Inf (2014) 1 The long-term future of the European Court of Human Rights L’avenir à long terme de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme MultiRights Annual Conference organised by PluriCourts under the auspices of the Council of Europe in Holmenkollen Park Hotel, Oslo, Norway, 7-8 April 2014 Conférence annuelle de MultiRights organisée par PluriCourts sous l´égide du Conseil de l´Europe à Holmenkollen Park Hotel, Oslo, Norvège, 7-8 avril 2014 Proceedings Actes Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law Council of Europe The opinions expressed in this handbook are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. All requests concerning the reproduction or translation of all or part of the document should be addressed to the Directorate of Communications (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or [email protected]). All other correspondence concerning this publication should be addressed to the Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law. Les vues exprimées dans cet ouvrage sont de la responsabilité de l’auteur et ne reflètent pas nécessairement la ligne officielle du Conseil de l’Europe. Toute demande de repro- duction ou de traduction de tout ou d’une partie du document doit être adressée à la Direction de la communication (F-67075 Strasbourg ou [email protected]). Toute autre correspondance relative à cette publication doit être adressée à la Direction géné- rale Droits de l’Homme et État de droit. Cover photo: © Nanisimova/Shutterstock.com © Council of Europe, PluriCourts, May 2014 Printed at the Council of Europe Contents – Table des matières Programme . 7 Opening ceremony – Cérémonie d’ouverture Anders Anundsen, Minister of Justice, Norway/Ministre de la Justice, Norvège . 13 Philippe Boillat, Director General, Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law, Council of Europe/Directeur général, Direction générale Droits de l’Homme et État de droit, Conseil de l’Europe . 15 Dean Spielmann, President of the European Court of Human Rights/ Président de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme . 18 Andreas Føllesdal, Professor, Director of PluriCourts, University of Oslo/ Professeur, Directeur de PluriCourts, Université d’Oslo . 19 Session I – History, reforms and remaining challenges Session I – L’histoire, les réformes et les défis qui subsistent The Court: Historical framework/La Cour : cadre historique . 23 Morten Ruud, Norwegian Ministry of Justice; Chairperson of DH-GDR/ Ministère de la Justice de la Norvège ; Président du DH-GDR . 23 The Interlaken/Izmir/Brighton process – outside and inside evaluations/Le processus d’Interlaken, Izmir et Brighton – évaluations par un observateur et par un initié . 27 Başak Çalı, Professor, Koç University Law School/Professeur, Faculté de Droit de l’Université de Koç . 27 Martin Kuijer, Senior legal adviser on human rights law, Ministry of Security and Justice of the Netherlands; University of Amsterdam/Conseiller juridique principal pour les droits de l’homme, Ministère de la Sécurité et de la Justice des Pays-Bas ; Université d’Amsterdam . 33 The successes of and challenges for the European Court, seen from the outside/ Les succès et les défis posés à la Cour européenne, perçus de l’extérieur . 38 Laurence Helfer, Professor, Duke University/Professeur, Université de Duke . 38 The successes of and challenges for the European Court, seen from the inside/ Les succès et les défis posés à la Cour européenne, perçus de l’intérieur . 42 Dean Spielmann, President of the European Court of Human Rights/ Président de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme . 42 L’avenir à long terme de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme 3 Contents Invited reflections on the above, as an introduction to the general debate/ Réflexions sur ce qui précède, en introduction au débat général . 49 Vít Schorm, Government Agent, Ministry of Justice, Czech Republic; Chairperson of CDDH/Agent du Gouvernement, Ministère de la Justice, République tchèque ; Président du CDDH . 49 Session II – The Court in the year 2030 Session II – La Cour en 2030 Subsidiarity: Dialogue between the Court and national courts/Subsidiarité : le dialogue entre la Cour et les juridictions nationales . 55 Andreas Paulus, Judge, Federal Constitutional Court, Germany/Juge, Cour constitutionnelle fédérale, Allemagne . 55 Comments/Observations . 66 Kristīne Līce, Government Agent, Representative of the Government of Latvia before International Human Rights Organisations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Latvia/Agent du Gouvernement, Représentante du Gouvernement de la Lettonie auprès des organisations internationales en matière de droits de l’homme, Ministère des Affaires étrangères, Lettonie . 66 Julia Laffranque, Judge, European Court of Human Rights/Juge, Cour européenne des droits de l’homme . 68 Accountability and authority/Responsabilité et autorité . 78 Andreas Føllesdal, Professor, Director of PluriCourts, University of Oslo/ Professeur, Directeur de PluriCourts, Université d’Oslo . 78 Comments/Observations . 86 Almut Wittling-Vogel, Representative of the Federal Government for Matters relating to Human Rights, Federal Ministry of Justice, Germany/ Représentante du Gouvernement fédéral pour les questions relatives aux droits de l’homme, Ministère fédéral de la Justice, Allemagne . 86 Alan Miller, Chair, European Network of National Human Rights Institutions/Président, Réseau européen des institutions nationales des droits de l’homme . 89 Rule of law: “Constitutional Court” or “guardian of individuals”?/État de droit : « une cour constitutionnelle » ou « protectrice des individus » ? . 92 Luzius Wildhaber, Professor, University of Basel; former President of the European Court of Human Rights/Professeur, Université de Bâle ; ancien Président de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme . 92 Geir Ulfstein, Professor, Co-director of PluriCourts, University of Oslo/ Professeur, Co-directeur de PluriCourts, Université d’Oslo . 98 4 The long-term future of the European Court of Human Rights Table des matières Comments/Observations . 102 Frank Schürmann, Government Agent, Federal Office of Justice, Switzerland/ Agent du Gouvernement, Office fédéral de la justice, Suisse . 102 Adam Bodnar, Vice-President, Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights, Poland/Vice-Président, Fondation d’Helsinki pour les droits de l’homme, Pologne . 107 Session III – Implementation of judgments Session III – La mise en œuvre des arrêts Roles of the Court/Les rôles de la Cour . 113 Dinah Shelton, Professor, George Washington University Law School, United States/Professeur, Faculté de Droit, Université George Washington, États- Unis . 113 Comments/Observations . 135 Rob Linham, Head of Council of Europe Human Rights Policy, Ministry of Justice, United Kingdom/Chef des politiques du Conseil de l’Europe en matière de droits de l’homme, Ministère de la Justice, Royaume-Uni . 135 Helen Keller, Judge, European Court of Human Rights/Juge, Cour européenne des droits de l’homme . 145 Role of the Committee of Ministers/Le rôle du Comité des Ministres . 149 Elisabeth Lambert-Abdelgawad, Professor, University of Strasbourg/Professeur, Université de Strasbourg . 149 Comments/Observations . 169 Carl-Henrik Ehrenkrona, Permanent Representative of Sweden to the Council of Europe/Représentant permanent de la Suède auprès du Conseil de l’Europe . 169 Christos Giakoumopoulos, Director of Human Rights, Directorate General of Human Rights and Rule of Law, Council of Europe/Directeur des Droits de l’Homme, Direction générale Droits de l’Homme et État de Droit, Conseil de l’Europe . 172 Role of National Parliaments/Le rôle des parlements nationaux . 178 Alice Donald, Senior Research Fellow, Middlesex University/Directeur de recherche, Université du Middlesex . 178 Comments/Observations . 186 Liselot Egmond, Deputy Agent for the Government, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands/Co-Agent du Gouvernement, Ministère des Affaires étrangères des Pays-Bas . 186 L’avenir à long terme de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme 5 Contents
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