11450 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS DOWN THE HATCH TO TROUBLE Humphrey, and Birch Bayh, paid attention firmative action programs to employ more to what the civil servants are really saying. women and more blacks and other minori they might not have voted to un-Hatch them. ties. Public opinion surveys taken by members of La.r~ corporations have instituted afllrma HON. EDWARD J. DERWINS'KI Congress from Virginia, with the nation's tive action programs and some of the most OF n..t.INOIS heaviest concentration of federal employes, rigid unions are showing some fieXibillty, but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES found early on that a majority opposed Hatch while some universities have given in. others Act changes. a.re stlll screaming about the terrible things Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Then why all the heavy oratory to change that will happen to them if they have to hire Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, across to the 37-year-old Hatch Act? The reason was more blacks and more women. the heavy pressure from the AFL-CIO and From the way some of them carry on. one the country editorials and articles by dis particularly from the hierarchy of the public would think that Washington has placed tinguished columnists have been appear employes• union. Lifting the restraint of an FBI man in every college administra ing praising the President's veto of the political activity by civil servants, said sen. tor's omce to force him to hire minorities. Hatch Act and calling on the Congress Hiram L. Fong [Rep .• Hawa.11], would give Actually though. the proportion of blacks to uphold the veto. I would like to call these unions the manpower and the political and women faculty has barely changed over the attention of the Members to a column donations "that could be targeted more ef the last five years-it's still less than three fectively on Senate and House candidates percent for blacks and 20 percent for women. by Jerald terHorst which appeared in the willlng to do their bidding." Chicago Tribune on Friday, April 16, on A major segment of the college community That kind of thing ls what we had sought recently spent a lot of time and effort to this issue which will be before the House to eliminate more than half a century ago try to get the government to ease affirmative on Thursday. when we abolished the spoils system and in action standards as they relate to higher edu The article follows: stituted civil service. The idea was to get cation. They fa.Hect, but their statements of DoWN THE HATCH TO TROUBLE politics out of the bureaucracy so that tax good intentions would be more believable (By Jerald terHorst) payers could get their money's worth out o:f if that same time and energy were spent try the bureaucrats. ing to recruit minorities for academic and WASHINGTON.-Shortly before World War Federal workers are very well paid. They administrative jobs on campus. II, when the expanding list of New Deal agen enjoy pension benefits and job security rights Colleges and universities are not exempt cies began to read like a recipe for alphabet that are virtually unmatched. They attained from legal requirements for fair hiring ap soup, a Democratic senator from New Mexico this high status, under the Hatch Act and plical)te to other major government contrac named Carl Hatch began fretting about the Ford was right to veto the move to un-Hatch political potential of the thousands of work tors. They get billions in federal grants and them. contracts and there's just no excuse for the ers who were rapidly swelllng the federal pay What the civil service does need, however, roll. failure to show progress in minority employ is a full-scale reform. The merit system has ment after all these yea.rs. Hatch reasoned, quite logically as it turns been badly warped. Exceptional workers go out, that federal employes could constitute Universities often argue that there aren't unrewarded, and mediocre employes are pro enough "qua.lifled" blacks and that affirma an army of campaign workers for any nation tected. It's almost impossible to get rid of al candidate making the right promises. tive action programs mean weakening the the deadwood. so-called merit system. So Hatch, a man with a pioneer streak of If Congress wants to help the morale o:f puritanism, decided to do something about One would expect stronger arguments from the federal service and--dare we suggest 1t? intellectuals. As Stephen Horn, President of the problems he :foresaw. He persuaded the the morale of the taxpayers. it should cease Senate and the House to pass a law in 1939 California State University has recently trying to manipulate the civil service and stated, "Universities cannot simply plead prohibiting active participation in national start a reform movement. I predict Ford politics by federal employes. would not veto that. that the supply of quallfled minorities and The law has been amended from time to women is not available when they have a time but not the basic ban on partisan po major responsib1Uty to provide that supply." liticking by civil servants. That's what a And he points out that while one out of government worker refers to when he or she every eight doctorates is held by a woman says "I'm Hatched." And now, thanks to AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND THE only one of every fifty full professorships is President Ford's veto the other day, federal IVORY TOWER held by a woman. employes are going to stay Hatched a while The so-called merit system is a scarecrow longer. designed to frighten of! serious attempts to Lord knows why anybody would want to HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS correct discriminatory practices. Hiring is scrap a law that makes such clean common OJ' CALD'ORNU still done through the old-boy network of recommendations by high ranking professors, sense. But a majority of the House and Sen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ate, mainly Democrats, :felt otherwise. and while many schools say the minority The enormity o:f that proposed transgres Tuesday, April 27, 1976 pool is limited because of fewer PhDs, some forty pe::-cent o:f all faculty members don't sion of ethical politics boggles the mind. But Mr. then, Congress rarely seems bothered by such HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, Mr. have a PhD. niceties when on the scent of a pay raise, a Vernon Jordan, executive director of the When fair employment laws first were boost in their own subsidies or, as in this National Urban League, recently com passed we heard the same story, the merit case, a chance to coerce civil servants into mented in his nationally syndicated system would be weakened. Civil servants supporting their campaigns :for reelection. column on the entrenched posture of re wouldn't be as capable, and factory workers The issue, of course, wasn't argued that sistance pased by several of the Nation's wouldn't be as efficient. After at least ten baldly. Heaven forbid. Instead, the drive to colleges and universities to the enforce years' experience with fair employment laws politicize the civil service was advanced with ment of affirmative action programs. we've found those excuses to be a. myth, but all the fervor o:f ringing the Liberty Bell. some college adminlstra.tors still cling to The government's workers, a proponent said, The intent of the affirmative action them. were being denied the rights of the Constitu mandate was to provide equal employ The ugly ghost of "quotas" is also raised, tion. Without sanction to engage in partisan ment opportunities within private indus implying that every American wm b& cat.e politics, they said, :federal employes were try and institutions receiving Federal gorized by his ethnic background when ap "second class citizens." funds. Affirmative action is viewed as one plying for a job. That too ts false. Amrmative Post omce committee chairman Ga.le W. of many programs designed to eliminate action encompasses numerical goals as & McGee, a Wyoming Democrat who rarely discrimination based upon sex or ethnic benchmark with which to measure an em loses his perspective, accused pro-Hatch law ployer's good faith effort to correct pa.st dis makers of slandering the labor unions which origin. However, the reluctance on the crimlnatory hiring practices. have brought "honorable collective ba.rga1n- part of the noncomplying centers of One major affi.rmative action agreement 1ng procedures" Into governmental practice. higher education are indicative of some with a big university gives the school thirty "Let us not forget that these are responsible ominous undertones about our willingess years in which to reach very modest m.inori ty people," McGee declared of federal workers, to achieve the overall goal of the elimina employment goals. So much for coercive "certa.1nly as capable as any other group of tion of discrimination. quotas! Americans to be trusted to use sound judg AFFmMATXVE ACTXON AND THE IVORY Town It would be instructive for many colleges ment and discretion in ordering their own to further heed the words of President Horn. a:fialrs." (By Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.) "Educational institutions and unions have Well, that's for sure. Had McGee and some Long under attack :for their supposed discriminated against minorities and wom o:f the other proponents, Including presiden liberalism, many colleges and universities en," he says. And he goes on to state that tial hopetuls llke Scoop Jackson, Bubert are loudly protesting the need to 1n1t1ate af- changes must be made "if our institutions April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11451 are to reflect the diversity and talents of the in love and pity, but also in thinking on the between pragmatism and other values in our society of which we are a pa.rt." moral meaning of these events. persona.I lives. But the same issue arises in It's time for the academic community to The Holocaust was a. lapse into evil of pro government. When the executive branch asks come out of its self-imposed ivory tower and portions unmatched in modern human his the Congress for funds to help poor countries, Into the real world, where the society that tory. Any one seriously concerned with our it feels compelled to conjure up a series of feeds it has claims for equal opportunities time and our values has to ask himself: How misleading pra.gma.tic arguments-if we do in higher education no less strong than its did it happen? The easy answer is that it was not help these countries, they wm go com claims on business and unions. a.11 the fa.ult of Hitler, the Nazi, and the Ger munist, or cut off our supplies of raw mate mans, in that order. But this is too simple, rials, or vote against us in the United Na of course. It was the work of the madman tions. These arguments, in turn, distort the who ordered it, the criminals who ran the assignment and destination of our a.id. Why death camps, and the German people who not say, as John Kennedy once did, that we STATEMENT ON THE HOLOCAUST allowed these men to gain power. But the should do it because it's right, and program Holocaust would not have been possible with the a.id accordingly? The same issue a.rises in out the active or passive cooperation of gov other areas of foreign and domestic policy . HON. BELLA S. ABZUG ernment officials and police in the occupied open housing and welfare reform, for OF NEW YORK countries. Surely they were unwilling ac example. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES complices, but perhaps so were some of In an election year, we are exposed to de the German police who did the same thing bate about many specific issues. It is impor Tuesday, April 27, 1976 in Germany. Hitler's orders to carry out the tant to analyze these issues, but even more Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, today, Holocaust, were, with noble exceptions, important are the criteria. that we use in our April 27, which marks the last day of the obeyed throughout the continent. Denmark a.na.lysis. For there is a. moral choice involved Warsaw ghetto uprising, is Holocaust was one of those exceptions. It shows what in many of these issues, and April 27 is a could happen when an entire nation set out good day in which to realize at what peril Day-a date to commemorate the death to defy these orders: An entire people was we ignore this choice. of 6 million European Jews who were saved. The fact that this was an exception systematically destroyed by a society casts a somber light on what happened else [From the New York Times, Apr. 27, 1976) overtaken by militarism and hatred. where. Nor are Americans in a good position LESSONS OF THE HOLOCAUST There obliteration could not have been to strike a. superior stance; our unwilllngness (By Terrence Des Pres) accomplished without the complicity of to accept large numbers of refugees in the an entire nation and the moral indiffer 1930's and our failure to take much note HAMILTON, N.Y.-Without doubt there 1a of what was happening during the Holocaust an upsurge of interest in the holocaust. We ence of a generation of international is nothing to be proud of. see it in novels, in films, in news articles and political leaders, including our own. The Holocaust was mainly the Nazis• fa.ult, even on popular television programs. Most To deal with evil on such a massive but we miss the central point if we think of significantly, we see it in the increasing scale is staggering to consider, and con It as being solely their responsib111ty. The number of college courses, dozens of them tinues to trouble scholars, theologians, Holocaust has more to tell us than that. It in schools throughout the land, that focus and writers of all faiths. tells us that Jacob Burckha.rdt, the Swiss on this subject. Eli Wiesel, the gifted Jewish author historian, and Lord Acton were right when There is a. demand for such knowledge, a they wrote, amid the genera.I optimlsm of demand on the pa.rt of the students them who lived through the death camps has the 19th century, that the combination of selves, as if Erik Erikson's rema.rk-tha.t explored the meaning of the holocaust in continued human imperfection and growing children live out the secret wishes of the several books. Terrence des Pres, who is human power was an increasingly dangerous parents--were indeed the truth of what 1S also a survivor, suggests in his article one. It was the work not only of the in happening. in today's New York Times that each of stigators but of an entire generation which, For the generation that lived through the us must consider the meaning of the when faced with evil, for the most part did war, for the men and women who suffered di nothing. It was the work of a generation, of loss of family and friends on the battle holocaust personally so that we can fields or in the death ca.mps, there was only rect our energies into the pursuit of Germans and others, who had been too busy or ambitious or clever to pay much attention naked hurt and a traumatic reaction that justice and the enhancement of life. to anything except being good architects, made any effort to confront the evil of the As political leaders-with the respon good businessmen, good engineers, or what concentration camps a. task beyond human sibility for protecting the social welfare have you. resource. I believe that we have a special mandate One of these men was the German Min Yet if we a.re to meet our present prob to examine the holocaust in terms of the ister of Armaments, Albert Speer, who, by lems in huma.nly crea.tive ways, we need 'potential of our own institutions for his own account, when he received a. hint of most urgently to come to liva.ble terms with what was going on at Auschwitz, "did not our terrible pa.st. And judging from the pro committing violence or perpetuating evil liferation of holocaust courses, and also with our tacit approval. investigate-for I did not want to know wha.t was happening there." The London Observer from my own experience in the classroom, a I ask my colleagues to remember-not of April 9, 1944 had this to say of Speer: generation of young adults has arrived, only the holocaust but the injustices that "Much less than any of the other Germs.n Jewish and non-Jewish alike, who a.re now continue-which we can do something leaders does he stand for anything particu prepared to face the worst. about. larly German or particularly Nazi. He rather The question Why? will naturally persist. And I commend to my colleagues the symbolizes a. type which is becoming increas Why teach such stuff? Why enroll in such fine articles from today's Washington ingly important in all bell1gerent countries: a. course? Why, amid the quiet splendor of Post and the New York Times by Henry the pure technician, the classless bright these upstate hills, allow such darkness to young man without background, with no invade one's soul when, ostensibly, no good Owen of the Brookings Institution and can come of it? And certa.inly, if by good Terrence des Pres, author of "An Anat other origina.l aim than to make his way in the world and no other means than his tech we mean answers and rational explana.tion, omy of Life in the Death Camps." nical and managerial a.b111ty. It is the lack of if we mean atonement and redemption, then The articles follow: psychologioa.l and spiritual ballast, and the there is nothing to be gained by knowing [From the Washington Post, Aprll 27, 1976] ease with which he handles the terrifying the facts of the death camps. Yet as if by miracle, this spring there a.re APRIL 27: REMEMBERING THE DAY OF THE technical and organizational machinery of 141 students in "Literature of the Holo HOLOCAUST our age, which makes this slight type go ex caust" at Colgate. The room is filled with (By Henry Owen) tremely far nowadays. . . . This is their age; an intensity of concern I am tempted to In October 1966, standing in front of the the Hitlers and Himmlers we may get rid of, describe as religious. And for all their shock monument to the dead of the Warsaw 1942 but the Speers, whatever happens to th1s par and depression and, yes, also their tears, ghetto uprising, an American diplomat said ticular special man, will long be with us. what emerges ftna.lly a.re things so finely that John Gronouski, then our ambassador to The answer to the question of how it hap human, things so clearly good and life Poland, had written in the guest book at pened may never be wholly clear. But a good enhancing, that the danger we run and the Auschwitz "no one of us is innocent," and a start is to face the truth that not one of us dam.age we share in meditation on the holo Polish newspaperman who was with us added is wholly innocent. For it was our culture, caust seem not too high a. price to pay. that no one who had lived in those terrible our governments, our attitudes which shape For Jewish students there comes a renewal times could challenge that statement. the environment in which these terrible of heritage and pride, and the gap between April 27, which was the la.st day of the War events took place. Burckhardt and Acton had themselves and their relatives closes as their saw uprising, is set aside, in varying degree in predicted that a culture rooted in pragma sense of family deepens: "During vacation I different countries, to commemorate six mil tism would be vulnerable to great pressures did a. lot of checking on who ca.me from lion men, women, and children who died in and temptations. If we ca.n driaw the lesson, where." the Holocaust. Survivors tell us that these the victims of the Holocaust will have been A new appreciation of the problems of victims' wish was, above all, to be remem remembered in the way they might have Israel comes to everyone; and a.gain, for Jews bered. We should remember them-not only Wished. In part, thait lesson involves a. choice and non-Jews, a sharpening of moral dis- 11452 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 cernment. a release of ethical energies, a keener sense of prejudice and injustice. "Abraham Lincoln: Unforgettable wh~n he resigned in 1956 to accept a A disregard for small irritations develops, American" was released by the Delmar position in the public relations division of the outcome of a constant involuntary com Co. of Lexington, Ky., on April 1 and the American Textile Manufacturer parison between one's own suffering and the it should be of special interest to all Institute. He was named assistant to the massive pain of the camps, with a resulting Americans during our Bicentennial but secretary-treasurer of ATMI in 1958. In decline in self-indulgence: "Sometimes I especially those who honor the memory 1960, he was elected assist.ant secret.ary catch myself complaining and then I think, of our 16th President. treasurer. well, why don't you shut up and drink your Special tribute, however, must go to watery cabbage soup." He served as executive vice president Also a broader. more sensitive care for Miss Kunkel for her tremendous work in of the South Carolina Textile Manufac others, accompanied by the feeling that per writing this book. She is a distinguished turers Association from 1970 to 1974, and sonal relationships are supremely valuable- alumna of what is now Eastern Ken was named deputy executive vice presi "little things like meeting someone on the tucky University and of the University dent of ATMI in September 1974. street and having a nice time talking, or of Kentucky. Miss Kunkel taught for 47 He is married to the former Vlrginia seeing a person extend himself for another years in the classrooms of Madison person." Davis of Winterville, Ga. They have County, Ky., and her teaching exper three children, Mrs. A. D. Cooper There comes, too, a new lucidity about "the ience contributes to the lucid informa- m, basics," and the real risk of all this is openly tive style of her writing. ' David, and Jenifer of Alexandria, Va. accepted: "What confuses me is whether I, and all of you who know him, are knowledge of these events should make me Publication of this volume is the reali extremely proud of Ray. We wish him rejoice that I am alive and aware of my good zation of Miss Kunkel's life-long dream the best, and I congratulate the textile fortune, or whether the immense cruelty to provide this definitive biography and and destruction of the camps will ultimately industry on the good judgment of it.a historical perspective of Lincoln, and I selection. He will do an excellent job. undermine my faith in mankind." commend her fine book to my colleagues. For most, their own good luck, the simple facts of time and place, come to be "almost a Sometimes we lose sight of the fact miracle." Their lives. once ta.ken for granted, that it has been individuals who have now seem priceless gifts. And as odd as this shaped our progress and destiny must sound, for many of these young people throughout the history of our Nation. FORGOTTEN ANNIVERSARY OF OUR there comes at la.st a small fierce joy. Miss Kunkel is such an individual whose ENERGY CRISIS "I am happy." says one student, "more contribution will increase in value as appreciative of the great fortune I've had to time passes, and I salute her on the pub be given this specific life to live." lication of "Abraham Lincoln: Unforget HON. BURT L. TALCOTT Or as another said: "I was out in the snow table American." OF CALIFORNIA running and singing and I yelled out at the top of my lungs, I'm a.live-and I love it." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVES Or finally, in full knowledge of how ter Tuesday, April 27, 1976 rible life can become: "Something is mak ing living feel a whole lot better." W. RAY SHOCKLEY ELECTED EXEC Mr. TALCOTT. Mr. Speaker, we Amer UTIVE VICE PRESIDENT OF AMER icans respond only to crises. Sometimes ICAN 'l'EX'l'ILE MANUFACTURERS we wait for the devastating crisis. INSTITUTE Mobil Oil Co. was forced to purchase ABRAHAM LINCOLN: UNFORGET advertising space in the Washington Star TABLE AMERICAN on April 11, 1976, to remind us of a criti HON. ROBERT G. STEPHENS, JR. cal national problem and a crisis to which OF GEORGIA we as a people, and we as a Government HON. TIM LEE CARTER IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES continue to neglect. ' OF KENTUCKY The crisis and the imminent danger to Tuesday, April 27, 1976 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our whole way of life is no longer news. Mr. STEPHENS. Mr. Speaker, at the The public is apathetic. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Annual Textile Manufacturers Institute I am grateful to Mobil Oil for remem Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, one of the in San Francisco during late March, sev bering the "forgotten anniversary" of the most important byproducts of our Bi eral imPortant events took place. lifting of the Arab oil embargo of 1973- centennial celebration is a renewed in The President of the United States 74 and reminding us of the unlearned terest in understanding the history of addressed the convention, as did the Sec lessons. this country and the individuals who retary of Commerce. Both made excel I urge my colleagues to pay some heed have helped make this the greatest Na lent statements recognizing the need for and develop a sensible energy policy that tion on Earth. continuing our present international will serve us and the generations which Abraham Lincoln was one of the great textile trade policy and extending it to follow. est Americans, and it is particularly fit cover such countries as the People's Re I include the advertisement of Mobil ting that what may be the greatest book public of China. Oil at this place in the RECORD: yet written about Lincoln should be pub Also, the first executive vice president FORGOTTEN ANNIVERSARY lished during this, our Bicentennial of ATMI retired after 27 years of service. America passed a mllestone anniversary Year. Many of you know Bob Jackson. He is a la.st month. But hardly anybody noticed. I am proud that this new book is writ great leader of the textile industry and On March 18, 1974, the Arabs lifted their ten by a Kentuckian-Miss Mabel Kun for years represented it effectively 1n oil embargo against the United States, and kel, a resident of Richmond, Ky., in the Washington. More imPortantiy Bob is a loosened their six-month stranglehold on . district I represent. America's lifestyle. Not since Colonial days great American and will be remembered had this country been so much at the mercy Miss Kunkel has spent 16 years of ex fondly by many of us. of foreign powers. haustive research, tireless planning, Just as importantly, elected to replace When the embargo ended, Americans writing and editing to produce "Abraham Bob as the executive vice president of thought they had learned a lesson. Great Lincoln: Unforgettable American." This ATMI was W. Ray Shockley. I take par resolutions were heard 1n the land, and clar comprehensive 472-page book chronicles ticular pride in this because Ray is a ion calls like Project Independence were nur the life of our Kentucky-born President native Georgian, born in Apalachee tured by mighty hyperbole. and the thousands of ways he is remem Morgan County-which is in the dis Now, more than a year has gone by. Frank bered throughout the world. Miss Kunkel trict I represent. ly, very llttle has been accompllshed to reduce America's dependence on costly, insecure for has written both a comprehensive biog _B~y _ se!Ved in the merchant marine eign oil. raphy and family history of Lincoln and NavY during World War n and re In terms of good news and bad, the box and a definitive guide to the many mon ceived a bachelor of arts degree in jour score would look like this: uments, parks, shrines, markers. statues nalism from the University of Georgia. First. the good news- and other memorials to our Civil War His business activities include posi Congress and the Administration are at President and his ancestors. It is an ex tions in the news departments of the least talking-although wrangling might be tremely well documented book and con Athens Banner-Herald, the Augusta a better word-about America's long-term energy needs. So are an assortment of founda tains many photographs and illustra Chronicle, and the Atlanta Journal. Ray tions. tions and study groups. Eventually, a con was Sunday editor of the Atlanta Journal sensus might emerge. R453
The weathet--cooper&ted'. The.. :WfJiter was with <'my ;personal' tfiaajts ·tO- ille "hi_ezµbers mild. Eve.n thoughrtbe mrt41.blL~.ehcmtage t inJecttl ·o .l'tlQ~ 'Y. ~ eaeral tllat comi:llittee for the ·tlfu.e th~ $pent ot wor~~ ~rictl ~uQ.dle4 thr9ugm\Vij;h,9Ut «!~e-' Boiad wp.ge;prtas control,® or in this end,eavop" 1 Dr· O,Qar!es ~w. - A-UY ~ssiv~ tndustrl~l sll;utd.o~µs~qlJ.& tf! ~ck q~~ g ver~t•SPFnd!ng prog,ry.ms - ~ul~l;lt~ Dr. Oli:n. Braids. Dr.. l{en.cy gas. [ J IL ;t. [ f; .-, 0£. O tJ:l& other ot r, ~y ~ande~techmgues1 W. Moeller,: Dr .Herl:Jert Kiv1ighn, J"r .• ~ost peop"'le)low,. recogi:µze tbe J.p;lp~rtance usE!d. "in: the -past'to eJ. tt1~ ; -the e'eon3my. o't C4'tlllng offshore, in'the dfit4f Cofi.Un:'en'tal Those techniques ore-often than not just Dr. J. J. Pescatore. Dr. Frances Ste!Tett - ~lJ.elt; tor'a-secure supply otcromesttc 011!'nte gumm u th!l war . ,; Dr. Joan E. Shields,"Dr. Roger r:i. Tanner: Supreine Courl-ha&-ciartfted that-the fede'ial The governments effortS at stbnulating Dr. Frank ~in.gala, and' I:>r. P~tF E government. not the states, o~ the Shelf. the economy ~enerally·'"have been confined Hat\Stein.1la~ cbeen ,kn hnpo;tant asset Nov.. Jlhe ,b~ .news- ~ to l)l'OitlllllS SQUdlY .gro1l!l
ShorXage, ;C.ongress persiStH iaxetainlng iprfce esrf-girl ~u ~ • # • Rd') per&S>ns. .r , ...1. • -~c con.trols:.on..."1;hiK!ueLit is constdertng tighter lvfa HON.· JEROMEr ·"'-·". AMBR0 iJa OVer 400- wpm~n from .all.par.tB of New controls. even though...l present ll'egnl.a:i1ons 1\. Jersey ·att.ended the- seminar on "The Jl.ave all hlJt destr_oyed -i:!COllOmiCJ Jpcentive n • • n • ·~!!'I' • J' r:JP 1 Modem .cw-0man and Her r Family's to lnvesJ; 1n gl!,S &xplor~tlon. ... ~ ,., el • QF ,?if!4W.... Y9aK ; ftpeak~g pf d1stncenttve, Qongrefo~-hacked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES/ 'Meam1t whiefi was 'held in. the KesSier away ~t 1ih§ oil 1:tidusycy·~ ab111~y -to ~ttract T31.esJlay> April' 2.'l, 197S "'l'eachmg L. a.por~tot.i~ Attdltoril,un:a.t·tl).e the massive amountit of c;!Lpital it n~ by "; a ,~ ,.. C~Uege ~-Medicine and l:;>ent.~~-~ increasing its tax burden. Just when profits ~ A-MBRO. M · SPFi::l.f."e ,_., Qne of·t!le Rutgers Medical School. J - :were decUrung. .. -= 't L: ~eatieit cball~es faced by ' ie~to'l's As ~s.. -Leon Smith. vii.ee-presiden.t" of If you· th.tnk the ba:d news out~eighs."' the .i~ d~~donmak\ng based on l)olicy~sues the Kes&lert F.oundati0n> pointed out'· at cgood yo11·~ itght. lsn't if j;lme-to J I'!l~~~er lites nte
1 a59I 11460 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 Moreover, Mr. Hartford also helped or government officials and police in the occu arises in other a.reas of foreign and domestic pied countries. Surely they were unwllling pollcy--open housing and welfare reform, for ganize and sponsor World Youth Con accomplices, but perhaps so were some of the example. gresses in Europe, Asia, and the Amer German police who did the same thing in In an election year, we are exposed to icas. Germany. Hitler's orders to carry out the debate about many specific issues. It is im It was my pleasure to meet Mr. Hart Holocaust, were, with noble exceptions, portant to analyze these issues, but even ford at Dr. Charles Leaming's Faith obeyed throughout the continent. Denmark more important are the criteria that we use Temple in St. Petersburg, Fla., during a was one of those exceptions. It shows what in our analysis. For there is a moral choice recent Bicentennial rally, and I was most could happen when an entire nation set out involved in many of these issues, and impresed with the dedication of Mr. to defy these orders: An entire people was Aprll 27 is a good day in which to realize at saved. The fact that this was an exception what peril we ignore this choice. Hartford who has unselfishly given of casts a somber llght on what happened else himself to help his fellow man-and in where. Nor are Americans in a good position this Bicentennial Year, I believe it prop to strike a superior stance; our unwilllng er for us to recognize the careers of men ness to accept large numbers of refugees in SUPPRESSION OF INNOVATION and women whose work exemplifies the the 1930's and our !allure to ta~e much PART IV pioneering spirit of '76. note of what was happening during the Holocaust is nothing to be proud of. The Holocaust was mainly tlle Nazls' fault, HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS but we miss the central point of we think of OF IDAHO it as being solely their responslbllity. The THE DAY OF THE HOLOCAUST Holocaust has more to tell us than that. It IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tells us that Jacob Burckhardt, the Swiss his Tuesday, April 27, 1976 torian, and Lord Acton were right when they HON. JAMES W. SYMINGTON wrote, amid the general optimism of the Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, as many of 01' :MISSOURI 19th century, that the combination of con my colleagues are a ware, I have intro IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tinued human imperfection and growing duced legislation that would reverse the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 human power was an increasingly dangerous current trend of research and innovation one. It was the work not only of the instiga in the drug field, or should I say the lack Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. Speaker, this tors but of an entire generation which, when of research and innovation. morning's Washington Post carried a faced with evll, for the most part did noth ing. It was the work of a generation, of Ger Walter S. Ross has written a very in column by Henry Owen, director of for cisive article that explains how the FDA eign Policy studies at the Brookings In mans and others, who had been too busy or ambitious or clever to pay much attention has put the United States into a drug stitution. His reflections on the 1942 up to anything except being good architects, lag behind the other developed countries rising of the Warsaw ghetto are timely, good businessmen, good engineers, or what of the world. not only because they come on the 34th have you. The following is a reprint of that arti anniversary of the uprising, but also be One of these men was the German Minister cle thait appeared in the October 1973 of Armaments, Albert Speer, who, by hls own cause they serve to remind us that evil issue of Reader's Digest. I highly recom can triumph only when responsible account, when he received a hint of what was going on at Auschwitz, "did not investi mend the article that follows to my col human beings close their eyes to it. Mr. leagues: Owen paints out that in 1976 "we are ex gate-for I did not want to know what was posed to debate about many specific is happening there." The London Observer of THE MEDICINES WE NEED-BUT CAN'T HAVE April 9, 1944 had this to say of Speer: "Much (By Walters. Ross) sues. It is important to analyze these less than any of the other German leaders issues, but even more impartant are the A 33-year-old American. woman who had does he stand for anything particularly Ger sutrered crippling allergic asthma attacks criteria we use in our analysis. For there man or particularly Nazi. He rather sym for 15 years found nearly total relief recently is a moral choice involved in many of bolizes a type which ls becoming increasingly through a British prescription medicine these issues and April 27 is a good day important in all bell1gerent countries: the called cromolyn sodium. Although available in which to realize at what peril we ig pure technician, the classless bright young in Britain (where it ls the third most widely nore this choice." I commend these ob man without background, with no other prescribed remedy) since 1969, and under original aim than to make his way in the study in the United States since 1966, the servations to my colleagues for their con ease with which he handles the terrifying sideration, and include Mr. Owen's re medicine could not be legally prescribed for and managerial ab111ty. It is the lack of this patient by her doctor. Since only this marks to be printed in their entirety in psychological and spiritual ballast, and the medicine helped the woman, her doctor (like today's CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: case with which he handles the terrlfy1ng many other U.S. doctors) broke the law by APRIL 27: REMEMBERING THE DAY OF THE technical and organizational machinery of asking friends who traveled abroad to smug HOLOCAUST our age, which makes this sight type go gle back a supply. This benevolent, but 11- (By Henry Owen) extremely far nowadays. . . . This is their legal, traffic stopped only in late June 1973, age; the Hitlers and Himmlers we may get when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration In October 1966, standing in front of the rid of, but the Speers, whatever happens to monument to the dead of the Warsaw 1942 finally approved cromolyn sodium. We were this particular special man, will long be with the 55th country in the world to do so. ghetto uprising, an American diplomat said us." that John Gronousk.1, then our ambassador At least seven new medications for asthma The answer to the question of how it hap have been introduced in Europe since 1962. to Poland, had written in the guest book at pened may never be wholly clear. But a good Auschwitz "no one of us is innocent," and a Some are effective in some patients, others in start ls to face the truth that not one of us other patients. By mld-1973, only two-now Polish newspaperman who was with us added ls wholly innocent. For it was our culture, that no one who had lived in those terrible including cromolyn sodlum---<:ould be pre our governments, our attitudes which shape scribed in this country. times could challenge that statement. the environment in which these terrible April 27, which was the last day of the For people suffering from high blood pres Warsaw uprising, is set aside, in varying de events took place. Burckhardt and Acton had sure and the painful heart ailment called gree in different countries, to commemorate predicted that a culture rooted in pragma angina, a new kind of drug has come into six mllllon men, women, and children who tism would be vulnerable to great pressures use in receJ,lt years. Known as a "beta died in the Holocaust. Survivors tell us that and temptations. If we can draw the lesson, blocker," it blocks the damaging effects on these victims' wish was, above all, to be re the victims of the Holocaust will have been the heart of adrenaline and a related sub membered. We should remember them-not remembered in the way they might have stance, lowering blood pressure and relievtng only in love and pity, but also in think1ng on wished. In part, that lesson involves a choice angina. An elderly Rochester, N.Y., woman the moral meaning of these events. between pragmatism and other values in our was recently treated successfully in Great The Holocaust was a lapse into evn of personal lives. But the same 1ssue arises in Britain with a beta-blocker called practolol. proportions unmatched in modern human government. When the executive branch asks She could not get it here. The only beta history. Any one seriously concerned with the Congress for funds to help poor countries, blocker available in Amerlca-propanolol our time and our ve.lues has to ask himself: it feels compelled to conjure up a series of made her 111. Bow did It happen? The easy answer Is that misleading pragmatic arguments-if we do This is only one example of the lack of 1t was all the fault of Hitler, the Nazis, and not help these countries, they will go Com new heart drugs in this country. From 1967 the Germans, 1n that order. But this Is too munist, or cut off our supplies of raw ma through 1971, ten medications to treat irreg simple, of course. It was the work of the terials, or vote against us in the United ular heartbeat ( arrh~hmia) ca.me on the madman who ordered it, the cr1m1nals who Nations. 'l'hese arguments, in turn, distort market in Europe; by mid-1973, only one had ran the death camps, and the German people the assignment and destination of our aid. m1'1.de it safely to. our shores. In all, we have who allowed these men to gain power. But Why not say, as John Kennedy once did, that only a.bout six of the 47 new heart and cir the Holocaust would not have been possible we should do it because it's right, and pro culatory remedies that were introduced without the a«tlve or pa.sSive cooperation of gram the aid accordingly? The same issue abroad between 1967 and 1971. April 2·1, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11461 A powerful drug (guanoxan) which re man of the British M1nistey of Health's Com clearance time, account for the lag between duces blood pressure-but also causes liver mittee on the Safety of Drugs. But even u the introduction of new drugs overseas and dysfunction in a great many patients-has science began unleashing these therapeutic in the United States. They add several miillon been In use in England since 1964. Many wonders, the potential for harm moun~ In dollars to the cost of each new drug--& cost British doctors feel the medication 1s worth 1937, a U.S. phannaceutlcal company decided passed on to consumers. the r1slt of liver problems iI1 patients who to put sulfanllamide, a new and useful Experts conclude that under today's regu do not respond to other treatment. because weapon against strep and other tn.fecttous lations a number of our most important cur these side effects can be reversed.. whereas organisms, into syrup form. To manufacture rent medications would never have made it the effects of high blood pressure (h~n what became known u ''BUxlr of Sulfanll even to the human testing stage, much less slon) are not reversible and can be cata amide," a solvent, ethylene glycol, was used to the marketplace. It seems hardly likely strophic. In the United States, tests of this without prior taste for toxicity. Ethylene gly that aspirin could pass muster under present drUg had to be suspended when the FDA col was a poison, and the Bl1x1r kllled nearly rules, since under certain circumstances it warned the manufacturer that it was too 100 people. causes birth defects ln rats and other ani dangerous. As a result of this outrage, Congress passed mals. And 1f penicillin were being tested to Although hypertension affects an estimated a law in 1938 demanding proof of safety-a day it would not pass it.a animal trials-with 23 million Amertcan.s, we have not had a giant step forward in drug regulation-before consecutive injections during a few days single new general-purpose anti-hyperteruuon manufacturers could market new medicines. every guinea pig and hamster in which lt is medicine in this country since 1963. From The next major change in U.S. drug laws injected die&-iUld thus peniclllln probably 1967 through 1971, five such drUgs came into did not come until 1962, after the tn.famous could not be tested. in people. Says Dr. European medical practice. thalidomide incident. During the late 1950s, Wardell: "I! even one drug of peniclllin's sounding the Ala.rm. A great many Ameri this new sedative was considered so free of stature has been unjustifiably banished to a can doctors are unaware of the drug lag. Bide effects that it was sold in Germany company's back shelf, that event will ha.ve However, ln 1972, 22 leading medical ex without prescription. But when an American harmed more people than all the toxicity perts-headed by anesthesiologist Dr. Robert company submitted a New Drug Application that has occurred ln the history of modern D. Dripps and including such renowned (NDA) for thalidomide, a medical officer at drug development." speclalist6 as heart surgeon Michael DeBak the FDA, Dr. Frances Kelsey, noted German Another result of the drug lag 18 the ey, cardiologist Irvine H. Page and pharma reports of nerve lntlammation in people who sharp dec11ne in the discovery and testing cologist Louis Lasagna-<:ompa.red notes and had taken thalidomide for a long time. Dr. of new and needed drugs. In the ten years beca.me alarmed at the extent of the cr1sis. Kelsey says she wondered what might hap before the 1962 regulatlona, the U.S. phar In a petition to Congressm.a.n Paul G. Rogers pen to the fetus of a pregnant mother tak maceutlcal industry produced and marketed (D., Fl1?..), they complained: ''The procedures ing thalidomide. Since there were no answers an average of 43 new medicines a year. Be by which new drugs a.re evaluated and ap available, she held up the application. tween 1962 and 1970, this 1lgure dropped t.o proved for use in this country a.re causing Birth defects began showing up among 17. In the last 1lve years. the average has us to fall behind in this important area of the children of European women who had fallen to 13. And even while they produce medical science. The system perpetuates a taken thalidomide (the drug was also avail fewer marketable drugs. American drug continuing decline in the number o! new able by prescription in England), but it was manufacturers have been spending more drugs entering the market and may be de several years before the defects were con and more money on research and develop priving the practicing physician of agents nected with the medication. Eventually, over ment-up from $212 mllllon in 1960 to beneficial to patient care." 5,000 deformed babies were traced to thali $728 million last year. Before 1962, a drug Examples of the drug lag that so pro domide ln Germany; nearly 400 in England. could be tested and marketed in about two voked the doctors abound. Consider just a In this country, although the drug was widely years, at a cost of •1 to $2 million. Today the few: distributed for testing, only 18 such cases process takes an average of seven years, and A study conducted by Dr. WilUam M. War have been found by the FDA. may cost as much as •11 million. dell, a professor at the University o! Dr. Kelsey was hailed as a heroine who had THE CHOICE TO BE KADE Rochester, of the 82 new medicines adopted singlehandedly prevented a drug disaster in in both Britain and the United States be the United States. Nevertheless, the close These are the dimensions of our expand· tween 1962 and 1971 found that more than ness of tragedy sent a collective chill down ing drug-clearance problem. What 18 the half were introduced first in Britain-an American spines. With rare unanimlty, Con solution? average of 2.8 years before the FDA permitted gress passed a tough new law requiring-for For a crisis as many-faceted as this, there them to be sold here. Dr. Wardell also turned the first time anywhere-that a new drug 18 no clear, !ltmple answer. Several large med up nearly 80 medications approved for pre be proved both safe and etrectlve before it ts icine manufacturers refuse to speak on the scription ln Great Britain during that time, licensed. record, for fear of FDA reprisals. But one in not one of which had made it into the United BURJ:AUCRATIC TREE dustry leader, Dr. Gerald D. Laubach, presi dent of P1!zer, Inc., has said, "To increase the States, including several drugs that British sounds wonderful. But the fact ls that physicians rate better than anything cur ftow of new medications, we should shift no medicine can be proved safe for people some of the FDA's emphasis to surveillance rently available here. by testing lt ln animals. And there is no way In 1968, doctors in Italy began using a of new drugs in the first years after ap o! knowing whether or not a medicine will proval. This would better protect the pub powerful new antibiotic, called rifampin, to cure a human disease without giving lt to a treat patients with tuberculosis. It was not lic, and would give people the benefits of human being. So, ln order to enforce an ab research progress as lt occurs." until 1971-a.fter 50 other countries had solute demand with relative means, the FDA adopted the drug-that rifampln became Says Dr. Lasagna, "You need only a small took the seedling of the '62 law and culti amount of good clinical work to establlsh available in the United States. It ls impos vated it Into a mighty bureaucratic tree that sible to estimate what the delay meant for that a drug ls effective and reasonably safe. sprouts regulations and paperwork 1n all It takes a lot of work, however, to pinpoint the 119,000 American TB victims under treat seasons. In 1948, for example, Parke, Davis & ment during this time, or for the 17,000 who safety and efficacy with precision. It seems Co. was able to get a license for Its Benylin wasteful to spend years getting more data died of TB. But, according to many papers Expectorant with a mere 73 pages of facts. presented before the American Lung Assocl just so that people can have a spurious sense In 1968, the same company's application for of confidence." a tion, the drug has been proved effective ln the anesthetic Ketalar required a truck to patients whose TB ls resistant to other The FDA told me that "there are no ex haul its 72,200 pages, bound into 167 vol amples of truly important new drugs being antibiotics. umes, to the FDA. An especially promising, very-long-acting delayed in this country solely because of To achieve the mountain of fact on over-regulation or bureaucratic red tape." injectable form o! tranqu111zer (fiuphenazine Ketalar, the company had to test lt for almost decanoate) was developed by an American seven years; first in animals; then in healthy But individual FDA people apparently dis company several years ago to treat schiz people; finally in sick patients--and then agree. Dr. Henry Simmons, former head of ophrenia, a mental lllness which fills half the wait another two years after the application the agency's Bureau of Drugs, said not long beds ln U.S. mental hospitals. Introduced ln was filed, before having lt approved. Today, ago, "We can keep adding more and more re England in 1969, lt "revolutionized the com an NDA takes an average of 27.5 months to quirements, which are justified scientifically, munity care of schizophrenia," according to pass through the FDA. Before 1962, it took but we may reach the time when the goose Dr. W. Linford Rees, professor o! psychiatry about six months. (To clear Ketalar in Brit just has no more golden eggs." at the University of London. A study showed ain required only 857 pages and some four C. Joseph Stetler, president of the Pharma that only five percent of patients treated with months.) ceutical Manufacturers Association, ls cer this drug relapsed as opposed to 45 percent There are three main ditrerences between tain that "the American regulatory maze treated by other methods. It was not made our system of drug clearance and those of tends to hinder needed new medications available to U.S. schlzophrenlcs until 1973. the other countries which demand proof of from reaching patients: defenders of the Collective Chill. Modern drugs-90 percent safety and efficacy. We are later in starting system tend to understate lost patient bene o! them discovered between 1935 and 1965- clinical testing of new drugs, for regulatory fits and overstate the 'safety' achieved have revolutionized the practice o! medicine, and industrial reasons. We demand longer through delay." His solutions a.re a.dm1nis and added at least ten years to the average periods of lnvestigatlon---o!ten years longer tratlve: abbreviated NDAs, effective use of lite expectancy In developed countries, ac and 1n thousands more patients. These time advisory panels, upgradlng of Bureau of cording to Sir Derrick Dunlop, former chair- di.tferences, together with our 27.5-month Drugs personnel, hopefully to bring new
April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11463 and the Puerto Rican Socialist Party would stay in CUba for only 5 weeks, During 1975 several U.S. revolutionary then called the Movimiento Pro Indepen rather than the customary 8 or 9 so that organizations with close Cuban ties, in dencia-MPI-and in light of the present "more working people, those with family cluding the Weather Underground Or Prairie Fire recruitment of racial minor or organizational responsibilities, and ganization terrorists and their overt arm, ity groups, it is interesting to consider more Third World people, who face the tht Prairie Fire Organizing Committee Arlene Eisen Bergman's comment in her most difficult economic hardships, can PFOC-as well as the Puerto Rican So letter of transmittal to Dohrn which ac join the brigade." cialist Party-PSP-which appears to be companied the proposal. Bergman wrote: Applications were available from the having severe internal problems in main • • • we also have to figure out what VB at several locations including GPO taining political arm dominance over its other brown groups [should participate] Box 3169, New York, N.Y. 10001; P.O. Box military arm, the terrorist Fuerzas Arm YLO (Young Lords Organization-Maoist 24324, oakland, ca.llf. 94623; P.O. Box adas de Liberacion Nacional-FALN group now called the Puerto Rican Revolu 22222, Seattle, Wash. 98122; and P.O. developed a close working alliance. The tionary Workers Organization] is Puerto Rican and supposedly the Cubans don't want Box 6888, Albuquerque, N. Mex. 87107. VB document indicates that the Brigade any PR's. The brigada Venceremos-the group may become involved in such an alliance: affects as much Spanish as it can and Also an important task • • • will be to Although Long, Ashley, and Nichamin generally refers to itself as the "BV" expand and strengthen our relations with submitted their Venceremos Brigade res specified its recruitment targets: those left forces that promote anti-imperial olution, "Position on the CUban Revolu The Brigade looks for people who are in ist and socialist ideas. These are the groups tion," wbich called for "support of a which h&ve been, and still are, the basis of volved in movements like: the fight against the Brigade. • • • Increasing our contact North American Brigade to cut cane in unemployment and inflation; against repres with these groups can contribute both to the the 1970 sugar harvest" with the VB sive legislation; for rights of national minori greater anti-imperialist unity of the left, and members to be "recruited from activists ties; for decent health care, education and to a more effective plan of work • • •. The in the revolutionary movement in this housing; for the rights of women; for better basic principle operative here is to explore country: blacks, Latinos, white working conditions on the job; against U.S. domina how we can work together to build support tion around the world-and many other sec for the Cuban Revolution and solidarity with class youth, students, and dropout GI's," tors of the progressive movement • • •. at the June 1969 SDS national conven the national liberation movements of Asia, With regard to that statement, CPUSA Africa, and Latin America. • • • tion, the VB project could not maintain It 1s a fundamental responsibllity of the SDS unity. At that meeting SDS as a domination of recruitment is demon Venceremos Brigade to express solidarity with national organization disintegrated into strated by the emphasis of selecting VB the ant1-imperia11st movements and strug three warring factions. candidates from CPUSA front organiza gles in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. This Nevertheless, the brigade project pro tions and causes such as the National year we will place special emphasis on Puerto ceeded with the initial organizing in the Coalition t.o Fight Infiation and Unem Rico and Chile. In addition, we will continue . hands of the SDS Weatherman faction. ployment-NCFIU-the drive to prevent our activities of solidarity with Vietnam, Some 900 persons went to Cuba with the passage of Senate bill 1 led by CPUSA's Palestine ·and the struggles of Southern VB's first and second contingents. Dur National Committee Against Repressive Africa, particularly Angola. ing this period, the SDS Weatherman Legislation-NCARL--the anticriminal To the U.S. revolutionaries, the phrase faction had become enamored of the justice, anti-palice drive led by the Na "expressing solidarity" has been used to alleged revolutionary potential of the tional Alliance Against Racist and Po refer to actions ranging from picket lines "alternative culture." The Cubans found litical Repression-NAARP~the new and petition campaigns to street con that the Venceremos Brigadistas in womens front called Women for Racial frontations and terror bombings. Cuban cluded not only revolutionaries but large and Economic Equality-WREE-rank "solidarity" with the Palestinian terror numbers of acid heads and drug abusers and-file trade union groups associated ists has included handling the relations of various types and a large number of with Trade Unionists for Action and of the expert Soviet-trained terroris~ sexual deviants, some of whom attempted Democracy-TU.AD-and the support "Carlos" with the PLO. Cuban "soli to seduce Cuban youths. group for African Marxist terrorists, the darity" with Chile includes logistical sup For the past 4 years, Venceremos Bri National Anti-Imperialist Movement in port to hundreds of "Mmista" terror gade recruiting has been largely in the Solidarity with African Liberation ists and their allies in the JCR-revolu hands of the Communist Party U.S.A., NAIMSAL. tionary coordinating committee-in La. and members of the CPUSA and its youth A nine-page position paper distributed tin America. Certainly those we have en branch, the Young Workers Liberation by the VB national office in New York trusted with protecting our right to life, League-YWLL-have the responsibility discussed VB strategy for the upcoming liberty, and the pursuit of happiness of weeding out "unfit" VB applicants. year. Emphasizing "the role of the Ven should make sure that the Venceremos The function of the VB has been to ceremos Brigade as an anti-imperialist Brigade and its members are under close provide the CUbans with large numbers Political education project," the docu scrutiny. of American contacts, on whom they ment reads in part: VB applicants have been subjected t.o a have considerable personal data and Our first responsib111ty ls to educate ever political indoctrination and physical whom they have been able to evaluate greater numbers of the U.S. people about training course since the December 31 personally, who may in the future prove Cuba's example and ideas in the construc final application date. This has included useful as propagandists, as leaders of the tion of socialism and in anti-imperialist reading the speeches of Fidel Castro, solidarity. One means to achieve this objec U.S. revolutionary movement, as espio tive is for the Brigade to broaden and deepen learning a minimal amount of Spanish, nage agents, or terrorists. its relations with the popular movements for and raising the $300 needed for individ At the CUban end, the Venceremos social change-those people fighting for bet ual transportation. It is noted that for Brigade is controlled by the CUban In ter housing, against unemployment and poor especially desirable applicants, subsidies stitute for Friendship among the Peo education, the continued struggles against have been supplied by the movement's ples-ICAP-which is an operation of the racism and for the rights of women, and financial "angels." The purpose of the DGI. ICAP staffers have interviewed for decent health care and better working 3-month indoctrination program was to conditions. • • • members of the various VB contingents We will strive in the coming year to make weed out the "unsuitable." As the VB on topics ranging from revolutionary the Venceremos Brigade more accessible to stated: movement activities in their localities these forces, especially through our efforts in The goals of the preparation period are: through location of powerplants and recruitment and outreach. • • • 1. To provide a baste introduction to the transmission lines, dams and reservoirs, objectives, history, and developments of the military bases and missile sites to the In a new development, the VB leader Cuban Revolution. personalities involved in local business ship wrote: 2. To develop an understanding of the In addition, we will expand our contacts role and objectives of the Venceremos Brig and politics. ade as an anti-imperialist educational proj In with broader movement sectors through or December 1975, the VB announced ganizing special interest trips to Cuba. These ect. it would seek "some 200 black, Chicano, trips, of shorter duration than the Brigade 3. To provide a reasonable basis for making Puerto Rican, Native American and white and planned for smaller groups, will give final selections. activists" for the Ninth Contingent. Gall organ.tr.era in various fields a chance to see 4. To develop a.m.ong the recruits and re Reed of the VB national committee an the accompllshments of the Cuban Revolu gional members a collective approach to nounced that the Ninth Contingent tion first-hand. work and problem-solving.
April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11465 gotiations are still on target despite the dominated by administration and con On Friday, May 7, the final day of buildup of recession-induced pressures gressional members. The committee is hearings is held in 334 Cannon House Of throughout the world to isolate domestic anxious to determine the areas of agree fice Building at 9 a.m. Proceedings begin industries from competititon. ment and disagreement among the var with BROCK ADAMS, chairman of the The Multilateral Trade Negotiations ious witnesses. Hence, as in March, our House Budget Committee, who testifies provide the United States with an un inquiry focuses on the relationship of to the place of balancing the Federal paralleled opportunity to lead the way deficit to jobs, inflation, housing, interest budget among the priorities of the House in the establishment of the trading rules rates, and stock market prices, as well Budget Committee. James Lynn, Direc which will govern international commer as the propriety of current budget tor of the Office of Management and cial relations in the decades ahead. As policy. Budget, presents several options by which the world's most powerful economy, we To help answer our questions, the com Congress can more effectively control need not fear competition. Indeed, we mittee has invited Carla Hills of HUD Federal loan guarantee programs. Fi must seek greater opportunities for our to testify at 9 a.m., April 29, in 2322 Ray nally, a panel comprised of three dis export sector to sell abroad. It is in our burn House Office Building. Her prepared tinguished authorities--James Buchanan national interest that competition not statement covers the impact of fiscal pol of VPI; Paul McCracken, University of stop at international borders, and it is icy on housing. Like all other witnesses, Michigan; and William Niskanen, Ford for this reason that the Multilateral she will be questioned by committee Motor Co.-discusses six proposals put Trade Negotiations are of such vital con members. She will be fallowed by Darryl forth by the DRO staff as possibly being cern. We can and should compete suc Francis, the recently retired president of useful in exercising more effective con cessfully with other countries in order to the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, trol over Federal Government programs provide new markets for American agri who will speak on the origin and impact and deficits. cultural and industrial products, and of inflation. The day's final witness is With the conclusion of these hearings thereby provide increased employment Roderick Hills of the SEC. His remarks on May 7, the committee's staff will pre opportunities in our Nation. focus on the allegation that the financial pare a report and make recommenda I highly commend Ambassador Walker condition of American business is dete tions to the DRO membership. I expect and his excellent stat: of negotiators for riorating. On Friday, April 30, the com at least some of these recommendations the fine work they are doing in our mittee meets in 334 Cannon House Office to be approved and translated into legis behalf. Building at 9 a.m. Witnesses for the day's lative language for House consideration. session are William Simon, Secretary of We will keep the Members informed of the Treasury, and Elliot Richardson, Sec our progress. BALANCED BUDGET HEARINGS retary of Commerce. The former speaks RESUMED on recent changes in deficit financing, and the latter discusses inflation's im HON. RICHARD H. ICHORD pact on business operations. WILDLIFE BILL VINDICATED, WilL On Monday, May 3, the hearings move OF MISSOURI BENEFIT THE NATION to 2118 Rayburn House Office Building at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 9 a.m. Allan Meltzer of Carnegie-Mellon Tuesday, April 27, 1976 University begins with informal remarks HON. JOSEPH E. KARTH Mr. !CHORD. Mr. Speaker, on March on inflation's impact. The day's other witness is Alan Greenspan, Chairman of 01' KIMNESOTA 17, 1976, I announced to this body that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Committee To Investigate a Balanced the Council of Economic Advisers. His Federal Budget of the Democratic Re remarks deal with the ability of large Tuesday, April 27, 1976 search Organization-ORO-was about Federal deficits to abort the current eco Mr. KARTH. Mr. Speaker, Members to begin its first set of hearings seeking to nomic upturn. Tuesday's session con of Congress must, above all else, have determine the economic impact of Fed venes again at 9 a.m. in 2118 Rayburn. factual and fully accurate information eral deficits and an appropriate con HENRY REuss. chairman of the House to legislate properly. It is difficult gressional response to those deficits. For Banking Committee, presents his view of enough, sometimes, for us to discern the 4 days in late March, the committee the preferred solution to the problem of best course of action even with all the took testimony, mostly from nongovern perpetual Federal deficits. Mitchell Ko facts available. Our task is made doubly mental witnesses who showed general belinski, the new Director of the Small difflcult when a deliberate effort is agreement on several points: the wit Business Administration, also appears, made to distort the truth. nesses were dubious of governmental testifying to the impact of recent Federal I refer to an advertisement published estimates that the budget would be in deficits on the ability of small businesses in the March 17, 1976, Washington Post. surplus by 1979 or 1980. Most foresaw to finance themselves. The committee re The ad was a solicitation for member continuing and substantial deficits run turns at 9 a.m. on Wednesday, May 5, to ship by a group called the Committee ning into the next decade. New spending 2118 Rayburn House Office Building to for Humane Legislation. The ad was a initiatives-like the Humphrey-Hawkins hear James Smith, Comptroller of the falsified attack on H.R. 9067, a bill which bill or various health care proposals currency, discuss the impact of inflation I sponsored to provide more funding for were viewed with skepticism by Dr. and high interest rates on the lending wildlife restoration, hunter education, James Duesenberry of Harvard, as well capabilities of banks and other financial and construction of supportive shooting as more conservative witnesses. All institutions. Following Mr. Smith, Henry ranges. agreed that deficits had an inflationary Kaufman, and James Pierce engage in To set the record straight. I have pre potential which could reactivate a boom a debate on the importance of "crowd pared the following analysis for the in bust cycle similar to the one the Nation ing-out." formation and guidance of my col has just experienced. In addition, several During the last 2 days of hearings, at leagues. of the witnesses presented arguments tention shifts to the budget process. Be Fiction: The ad claimed: and data to show the damage to various ginning at 9 a.m. on Thursday, May 6, in For the second time 1n the past month, sectors of the economy that had been 2118 Rayburn House Office Building, the House of Representatives ts about to wrought by these cycles. Thus, intelligent Charles Bowsher, Arthur Andersen & bow to the threatening tactics of the Na and capable people of varied persuasions Co., testifies to the impact of accrual ac tional Rifle Association by diverting funds counting on government financial state from the acquisition of lands for protection expressed concern about the course our of wildlife to the bulldlng of gun ranges to Government is following. ments. Elmer Staats, Comptroller Gen train more hunters. Our committee has not come to firm eral, relates the course of the 20-year ef conclusions about an appropriate fiscal fort to implement accrual accounting. Fact: The NRA did not even appear at policy during the recovery, but the March The day's final witness, Alice Rivlin, Di hearings on H.R. 9067 held by the Sub hearings encouraged us to learn more. rector of the Congressional Budget Of- committee on Fisheries and Wildlife We had mostly nongovernmental wit fice, discusses the role of her office in the Conservation and the Environment. nesses then; our current hearings are budgetary process. Furthermore the bill would not reduce CXXII--724--Part 9 11466 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 funds available for wildlife manage Ficti~n: The ad argues- restoration program can be used only ment. In reality Federal aid program Because the funds are distributed on a for that purPQSe. For any natural re funding for all wildlife restoration would population basis, the most heavily populated source program to be effective, however, be increased by a minimum of $600,000, areas (with the heaviest crime rates) are there must be a continuous commitment bringing the total up to more than $59,- allowed more funds--whlle the states with of funding to conduct long-range pro less population, but more Federal land and 000,000 annually, and hunter education more wildlife may receive less monies. grams. Conservationists recognized that programs by $5,400,000 up to $8.9 million fact in 1937. So did Congress and that is annually. Funds available for wildlife Fact: Of course the more Populous why the funds were earmarked in the restoration would increase in succeeding States should get the greatest share of first place. Conversely, the lack of a sure years. the funds. That is not bad as the ad im funding source is why the Marine Mam Fiction: The ad contended that title plies. Densely populated States have mals Act, the Endangered Species Act, II of H.R. 9067 is "an annual subsidy of more wildlife problems, less wildlife and other Interior wildlife programs are $9,000,000 to the NRA, shockingly di habitat, and more need for education lagging. verted from the Wildlife Restoration programs. That is what this program is The ad insinuates that the Federal Act and to be used solely for gun train all about, to put wildlife where there aid in wildlife restoration program as ing.'' isn't any. Apparently the Committee for sists only hunted species. That is not Fact: The funds are not subsidies to Humane Legislation is against that. It true. The program funds projects for all NRA or anyone else. They are funds de would be foolish to buy as much land wildlife, as Fish and Wildlife Service rived from taxes paid by those wildlife for wildlife habitat in areas where there records clearly show. enthusiasts and sportsmen who benefit already is plenty as for areas that have The enforcement of wildlife laws has from the program. little or none. It also is foolish to think no relationship to the Federal aid in The money does not go to the NRA. sparsely populated States need as large wildlife restoration program. The act The money is administered through the a hunter educatfon program as do the expressly prohibits the funds being used U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to State populous ones. That is just plain com for law enforcement and public relations wildlife agencies under the procedures monsense. And what hunter education purposes. of the parent Federal Aid in Wildlife programs have to do with crime rates Mr. Speaker, it is time to expose the Restoration Act. The NRA assists some is beyond me. unprincipled tricksters who are waging States by providing qualified instructors Fiction: The ad continues with this this expensive and deceitful campaign to train the agency people and volun fiction- against H.R. 9067. It is obvious that teers who conduct the programs. So do If enacted, H.R. 9067 would change this these people seek to use this bill to gen the Izaak Walton League of America, voluntary basis (to use funds for wildlife erate members and money for their orga State wildlife federations, and many or education and range programs) and pro nization. These people clearly have little other conservation organizations. All of vide that the new excise taxes on guns and concern for wildlife. They have never, to these instructors donate their talents. component parts must be used solely for my knowledge, publicly supported any target ranges and gun tratntng and will be None receive pay for their efforts. Some returned to the federal treasury if not so positive programs or appropriations for States also purchase some educational used. that purpose. They certainly know very materials from the NRA, Daisy-Heddon, little about the Federal aid in wildlife Inc., Empire Publishing Co., and other Fact: H.R. 9067 would not require any restoration program or the sound pur sources. Calling H.R. 9067 a "subsidy" State to use any money for "target pose of H.R. 9067. to NRA or any group is obviously a com ranges and gun training." In the first Mr. Speaker, let me explain as con plete falsehood and at the best irrespon place, States would not have to use $1 cisely as I can the Federal aid in wild sible. of the funds for hunter education if they life restoration program and the effect No money would be diverted from the do not wish to. But all obviously supPort H.R. 9067 would have on it. wildlife restoration program. As stated and endorse such training because pro The program was initiated in 1937 at above, money for that purpose would be grams now are being conducted in all 50 the request of sportsmen, conservation increased by approximately $600,000 the States. They are mandatory in 23. They ists, State wildlife agencies, and the first year. That portion used by the could use all or any part of the 50 per sporting firearms industry. It has been State agencies for educational purposes cent for hunter education, which may funded since that time by an 11-percent would not be "solely" for gun training. include :firearms safety instruction, not manufacturers' excise tax on sporting Firearms safety is only a part of the "gun training." That portion not used firearms and factory-made ammunition. program. Other training includes wild by a State, if any, would not be lost The tax is collected at the factory, but it life law and regulation, wildlife manage to the program or to wildlife conserva is paid by sportsmen. The program is not ment, species recognition, respect for tion. Under my bill, unused funds revert supported at all by general tax revenues. private and public property, sportsman to a discretionary fund for reallocation The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service even to States whose need exceeds their ship, ethics, and so forth. The record r~tains enough of the receipts to pay shows the accusation that the program regular apportionment. Any money then Federal administrative cost. The act remaining would be credited to the provides for that. The remainder is is solely gun training is completely false. migratory bird conservation account and To qualify for funding assistance, State be used to purchase refuge lands. This divided among State wildlife agencies to programs must cover a minimum of 6 latter procedure has been followed for pay 75 percent of the costs for wildlife hours of class instruction. years. The money would not be returned projects approved by the Service. The Fiction: The ad claims- to the Federal Treasury as claimed. State fish and wildlife agencies provide In 1950, one of the members of Congress and Fiction: The ad contends- 25 percent of the funding. All the money a member of the Board of Directors of the from the sporting. arms and factory NRA, John Dingell, successfully maneuvered The Department of the Interior has dis approved the move. They do not have funds made ammunition tax is invested in an amendment to the Wildlife Restoration wildlife restoration. As of December 31, Act to allow the use of excise taxes collected enough to enforce the wildlife programs al from the sale of guns to establish gun train ready on the books: the Marine Mammal 1975, that source had provided $670,- ing and construction and maintenance of Protection Aet, the Endangered Species Act, 000,000 solely for wildlife conservation target ranges. and many other nonhuntlng related pro purposes. grams. Hunting laws also are not properly The accomplishments of this program Fact: The amendment apparently re enforced. are without parallel worldwide. The f erred to was enacted in 1970, not 1950. Fact: Of course the Interior Depart States have purchased more than 3,250,- I cosponsored a similar bill on archery ment disapproves the move. It is Office 000, acres for wildlife. In addition, equipment which was enacted in 1972. of Management and Budget policy to dis 51,000,000 more acres have been placed The bills did not support "gun training.'' approve any authorization for funding under State wildlife department man They provided funds for education pro that is ea~arked for a specific purpose. agement through long-term leasing grams, which include firearms safety OMB has tried for years to break the agreements. Totally, more than 54,000, training already being conducted by congressional directive that excise taxes ooo acres, an area larger than the six State wildlife agencies. collected for the Federal aid in wildlife New England States1 Maryland, and Ha- April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11467 wail combined, have been reserved pri and to encourage State agencies t.o im would like to live in peace with its neighbors marily for wildlife. Additionally, a prove their hunter education programs. and determined to solve differences by peace There is widespread agreement that ful means, as stated in many occasions by wealth of valuable research important President Mohamed Siyad Barre and demon to the conservation of wildlife has been hunter education is a socially desirable strated by the Somali Government's peace and still is being funded by the program. objective. In time, I have every expecta seeking policy of the past several years. In 1970 Congress bolstered the pro tion that its good results will equal those The people and Government of Somali are gram by redirecting the long-standing of automobile driver education now in so deeply involved in the enormous task of since 1932-10 percent manufacturers' many high school programs. economic and social development. Maximum excise tax on handguns from general According to the Fish and Wildlife efforts are made to direct available human receipts to the Federal aid in wildlife Service, $11.8 million in handgun and and material resources to that noble goal. restoration program. Unlike the excise Somalia, therefore, is not looking out fo: archery taxes will be distributed to the military adventures and certainly does net tax established in 1937 on sporting ft.re States in ft.seal year 1976. The States are need foreign troops to defend its terrttory. arms and factory-made ammunition, using $8.3 million of that for wildlife The source of your above quoted article is which must be used only for wildlife and $3.5 million-60 percent of the $5.9 not only based on false information, but al.so purposes, the States have the option of million available--for expanding hunter aims to spread nefarious propaganda against using up to one-half of their apportion education and shooting ranges. The per Somalia in order to mislead on purpose the ments from the handgun tax for hunter centage used for education and ranges public opinion. The objective of this letter education and shooting range purposes. has risen steadily since 1970. If the pro ls to tell the truth on the matter in the in The other half is for wildlife purposes. terest of your readers and to put to rest once visions of H.R. 9067 had been in e:fiect for all this disturbing campaign. That was done in response to the need during ft.seal year 1976, the total receipts On the equal opportunity right of reply for hunter education programs con from the three sources would have been and traditional ethics of the press, I greatly ducted by the State agencies. Fifty about $17.8 million. The States would apprecl&te if you kindly publish this letter States have hunter education programs. have received $8.9 million for wildlife on your esteemed Paper, while the story of In 23 of the States, hunter education $600,000 more than at present-and "Cuban troops in Somalia" ls still fresh in programs are mandatory for all first $8.9 for education and ranges-$5.4 mil the minds of your readers. time hunters. These programs have lion more than at present. Thus wildllfe Sincerely, proven very successful in teaching safe programs would not lose money under Dr. ABDULLAH! A. Aooou, gun handling and many lives have been H.R. 9067, as has been claimed. They Ambassador. saved. Sportsmen are becoming more actually would gain about $600,000 plus familiar with complex wildlife laws and the education and range program would regulations and the need for such rules. be increased by more than $5,000,000. Recreationist-landowner relations are Mr. Speaker, facts show that if ex REMEMBERING THE WARSAW improving through the programs' teach panded wildlife programs, the protection REBELLION ing respect for private and public prop of human life and property, and a pub erty. The entire science of wildlife man lic more knowledgable and concerned HON. ABNER J. MIKVA agement and the sport of hunting is about wildlife are important, then H.R. benefiting. 9067 1s vital and desirable. O F ILLINOIS Ranges built under the program are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES used to support the entire education ef Tuesday, April 27, 1976 fort and to provide safe public facilities Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, today marks for millions of skeet and trap shooters. CUBAN TROOPS IN SOMALIA? the anniversary of the end of the up But even here I want to emphasize that rising of the Warsaw ghetto. It is a day the expenditure of this money the divi that should be remembered. The same sion between education and ranges is HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM OF NEW YORK friction between races, religious and controlled by the State wildlife agency. ethnic groups that made the Warsaw IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In 1972, Congress enacted a bill which rebellion necessary 1s present today 1n I cosponsored and imposed an 11-per Tuesday, April 27, 1976 this country and throughout the world. cent manufacturers' excise tax on certain By not forgetting the heroic battle waged items of archery equipment. The re Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker a recent report in the New York Times alleged by a small group of Jews who refused to ceipts are used just like those from submit to the captivity of the Nazi in handguns. For those interested, a more that Cuban troops have recently been ft.own into Somalia. I have had a long vaders, we not only memoralize their detailed description of the program and struggle but it also reminds us that the its accomplishments can be found in a standing interest in Africa, and was dis turbed by this apparent escalation of battle for freedom and human dignity, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service publica while at times difficult, cannot be tion entitled "35 Years of Shared Wild the Cuban presence in Africa. I have received personal assurances ignored. It is either won or it is lost. life Management," released last year. Mr. Henry Owen, director of foreign H.R. 9067 would establish an 11-per from Dr. Abdullah! A. Addou the Am bassador of the Somali Democratic Re policy study at the Brookings Institute, cent excise tax on component parts of reminds us of this fact in an article ap hand-loaded ammunition. It would di public, that these reports are false. I have great respect for Ambassador Ad pearing in today's Washington Post. As rect that one-half of the receipts from Mr. Owen points out, those who sat and this source and one-half of those re dou'.s integrity, and I am, therefore, in sertmg for the RECORD a letter which did nothing while the Nazis marched ceived from the taxes on handguns and through Europe murdering mfilions of archery equipment be used for hunter he wrote to the New York Times con cerning these allegations. Jews, Catholics, and other "unaccept education and shooting range purposes. ables" are just as responsible for the The remaining 50 percent would be used EMBASSY OF THE SoMALI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, atrocities as mtier and his henchmen. for wildlife purposes. Washtngton., D.C., April 9, 1976. Mr. Speaker, I commend Mr. Owen's mil Besides adding an additional $6 The EDITOR, excellent article to my colleagues' atten lion to the program, the only significant The New York Times, tion and at this point insert it in the change H.R. 9067 would make in present New York, N.Y. RECORD: law is to mandate that a full 50 percent DEAR Sm: I refer to the grossly misleading of the tax receipts from handguns, and baseless, whatsoever, article that ap APRn. 27; REMEMBERING THE DAY OF THE archery equipment, and component peared on your issue of April 5, 1976 entitled HOLOCAUST parts-not sporting arms and factory "Cubans Reported in Red Sea Area." (By Henry Owen) made ammunition-be used by the The story that there are in Somalia, CUban In October 1966, standlng 1n front of the mllitary forces ls maliciously a pure fabrica monument to the dead of the Warsaw 1942 States for hunter education and ranges. tion which I categorically reject 1n its en gheto uprising, an American diplomat said This was done to accommodate pur- tirety. There ls not one single CUban military that John Gronouskl, then our ambassador chasers of handguns, archery and equip personnel 1n Somalia and there ts no need to Poland, bad written in the guest book at ment. and component parts who are for having Cuban mllitary presence there. Auschwitz "no one of us ls innocent," and a largely target shooters and not hunters, Som.a.lta 1s a peace loving country and Polish newspaperman who was with us added 11468 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 that no one who had lived in those terrible start is to !ace the truth that not one o! us which time, access to early abortion has been times could challenge that statement. ls wholly Innocent. For it was our culture, largely unrestricted. However, abortion re April 27, which was the last day of the our governments, our attitudes which shape mains a volatile public issue. Warsaw uprising, is set aside, in varying de the environment in which these terrible There is a highly emotional and well or gree in different countries, to commemorate events took place. Burckhardt and Acton had ganized campaign underway to undermine six million men, women and children who predicted that a culture rooted in pragma that decision. A variety of amendments to died in the Holocaust. Survivors tell us that tism would be vulnerable to great pressures the constitution have been introduced 1n these victims' wish was, above all, to be re and temptations. I! we can draw the lesson, Congress that would legislate either a vague membered. We should remember them-not the victims of the Holocaust will have been and indeterminable definition o! "life," pro only in love and pity, but also in thinking remembered 1n the way they might have hibit a denial of due process or equal protec on the moral meaning of these events. wished. In part, that lesson involves a choice tion to a fetus, or throw the decision on free The Holocaust was a lapse into evil of between pragmatism and other values in our dom of choice into the laps of the 50 states. proportions unmatched in modern human personal lives. But the same issue arises 1n Such amendments, by changing the con history. Any one seriously concerned with government. When the executive branch asks stitution, would circumvent the Supreme our time and our values has to ask himself: the Congress !or funds to help poor coun Court's decision. They would violate the How did it happen? The easy answer is that tries, it !eels compelled to conjure up a se spirit and the language o! the constitutio~ it was all the fault of Hitler, the Nazis, and ries of misleading pragmatic arguments--1! and its very basic principles o! tolerance and the Germans, in that order. But this is too we do not help these countries, they will go individual freedom. simple, of course. It was the work of the Communist, or cut off our supplies o! raw The Supreme Court based its 1973 deci madman who ordered it, the criminals who materials, or vote against us in the United sion upon women's fundamental right to ran the death camps, and the German peo Nations. These arguments, in turn, distort privacy which has evolved through 200 years ple who allowed these men to gain power. the assignment and destination of our aid. o! judicial history. Recognizing improve But the Holocaust would not have been pos Why not say, as John Kennedy once did, ments in medical procedures which make tt sible without the active or passive coopera that we should do it because it's right, and safer to undergo early abortion than child tion of government officials and police in the program the aid accordingly? The same is birth, the court ruled that the state--in the occupied countries. Surely they were unwill sue arises in other areas of foreign and do interest of preserving the health o! Its citi ing accomplices, but perhaps so were some mestic policy-open housing and welfare re zens-must not restrict women's freedom to of the German police who did the same thing form, !or example. choose abortion. in Germany. Hitler's orders to carry out the In an election year, we are exposed to de I believe this decision was proper. The en Holocaust, were, with noble exceptions, bate about many specific issues. It 1s im actment o! any legislation pending before obeyed throughout the continent. Denmark portant to analyze these issues, but even this committee would be a serious encroach was one of those exceptions. It shows what more important are the criteria that we use ment upon the fundamental civil rights o! could happen when an entire nation set out in our analysis. For there is a moral choice every American woman of child bearing age. to defy these orders: An entire people was Involved in many of these issues, and April 27 THE NEW YORK EXPERIENCE saved. The fact that this was an exception is a good day in which to realize at what We in New York State have seen the dra casts a somber light on what happened else peril we ignore this choice. matic health benefits of legalized abortion. where. Nor are Americans in a good position Since 1970, when first trimester abortion be to strike a superior stance; our unw1llingness came legal in New York, infant and maternal to accept large numbers of refuges in the mortality rates have declined sharply and 1930's and our failure to take much note of AMENDMENT PROHIBITING there have been significant decreases in the what was happening during the Holocaust ABORTION number of women hospitalized due to mis is nothing to be proud of. handled abortions. The Holocaust was mainly the Nazis' fault, The rate o! medical complications from but we miss the central point if we think of HON. BELLAS. ABZUG abortion increases considerably after the 1t as being solely their responsibillty. The OF NEW YORK first trimester-from an average rate of 6%, Holocaust has more to tell us than that. It to 20-25 % during the second trimester. But tells us that Jacob Burckhardt, the Swiss IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES first trimester abortions are readily avail historian, and Lord Acton were right when Tuesday, April 27, 1976 able only when abortion is legal. Preliminary they wrote, amid the general optimism of the figures from 1973 prove that due to legalized 19th century, that the combination of con Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, the Senate abortion across the country, the incidence tinued human imperfection and growing will be voting tomorrow on the Helms of second trimester abortion has decreased. human power was an increasingly dangerous proposed constitutional amendment pro In 1973, approxtma.tely 83% of abortions were one. It was the work not only o! the instiga hibiting abortion. I am certain that our performed in the first 12 weeks o! preg tors but o! an entire generation which, when colleagues in the Senate recognize the nancy whereas in 1970 that number had been faced with evil, !or the most part did nothing. importance to all women of the right t.o 73.8%. Thus legalization of abortion has It was the work of a generation, o! Germans made it safer for women to undergo abor abortion, however I would like to take tion. Moreover, there is less risk to women's and others, who had been too busy or ambiti this opportunity to insert for the RECORD ous or clever to pay much attention to any health when follow-up medical supervision thing except being good architects, good my testimony before the House Judiciary 1s available. When abortion must be covertly businessmen, good engineers, or what have Committee, Subcommittee on Civil and procured in disregard of restrictive laws, you. Constitutional Rights. such follow-up medical supervision is rarely One o! these men was the German Minister I took a strong stand against enact possible. of Armaments, Albert Speer, who, by his own ment of any amendments to prohibit There ls a great deal of statistical evidence account, when he received a hint of what abortion now pending before that com which proves that the decreased mortality was going on at Auschwitz, "did not inves rates for pregnant women which we have mittee, some of which are similar to seen in the past few years are a result of tlgate--for I did not want to know what was Senator HELM'S proposed amendment. I happening there." The London Observer of legalizing abortion. New York statistics pro feel that the 1973 Supreme Court deci vide a good example of this. In 1969 in N.Y.C. April 9, 1944 had this to say o! Speer: "Much sion that placed the abortion decision less than any o! the other German leaders there were 24 abortion-associated deaths per does he stand for anything particularly Ger into the hands of the individual preg 10,000 Uve births. In 1972 that figure was nant woman and her doctor was a sound halved to 12 deaths per 10,000 Uve births. In man or particularly Nazi. He rather sym 1974 abortion-related deaths in New York bolizes a type which is becoming increas one and should not be circumscribed in any way by Congress. were reduced to the astonishingly low num ingly important in all belligerent countries: ber o! one per 10,000 live births. Figures also the pure technician, the classless bright TESTillrtONY BY CONGRESSWOMAN show that in the first year in which early young man without background, with no BELLA S. ABztrG abortion was legal the number o! deaths other original aim than to make hls way In Mr. Chairman and members o! the com !rom abortion declined all across the coun the world and no other means than his tech mittee: Once again the Congress is con try. There ls no doubt that legalization of nical and managerial ability. It ls the lack sidering proposals to restrict women's right abortion played a large part in these str1k1ng of psychological and splrltual ballast, and to choose abortion, and I feel compelled to improvements. the ease with Which he handles the terrify protest. The Supreme Court•s dectslve rullng I~ the year prlor to the legallzatlon of ing technical and organtzatlonal machinery 1n Roe v. Wade placed the decision to ter abortion 1n New York, municipal hospitals of our age, which niak:es this slight type go minate an unwanted pregnancy where It admitted 6,524 women for incomplete abor extremely far nowadays.... This is their age, rightly belongs: into the hands o! the woman tions (both spontaneous and illegally the mtlers and H1mmlers we may get rid of, and her doctor. Together their decision may induced) whereas 1n 1973 that number had but the Speers, whatever happens to this reflect the physical and emotional needs, and dropped to 3,253. These statistics and those particular special man. will long be with us." the religious and moral values of the In compiled by the 50 states since 1973 show The answer to the question o! how It hap dividual concerned. More than 3 years have that dramaitlc improvements tn mMernal pened may never be wholly clear. But a good pa.ssed since thls hlstorlc ruling, durtng health cannot be overstated. Concern !or the April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11469 lives and health of millions of women have little recourse to other means of ob right of privacy broadly enough so as to in throughout the nation who may be faced taining an abortion. The conscience clause clude the right to choose abortion. with an unwanted pregnancy is the most allows individual hospitals to refuse to per In addition, far-reaching consequences compelling testimony for legaliZed abortion. form abortions because of religious or moral would ensue from such a re-interpretation of BENEFITS OF LEGALIZED ABORTION FOR THE POOR beliefs without losing federal funds. While the Constitution. I! pre-natal organisms religious freedoms must not be denied to were given legal status equal to live persons The med1a.l benefits of a liberal abortion anyone, in localities that have llm1ted medi the significance of birth might be el1fnina.ted. law a.re felt most profoundly among the cal facilities (e.g., rural areas with only one All Americans could claim to have Instantly poor. It is poor women of all races and ages public hospital) the right to abortion can aged by 7 to 9 months; this would affect birth who become the principle victims of unsafe thus be effectively denied to the poor, since certificates, social security, voting, and every abortions when abortion is not legal. wealthy women under comparable circum other aspect of our complex society in which Prior to 1973, It was estimated that more stances can afford to go elsewhere to obtain age is a factor. than 1 million out-of-hospital abortions an abortion. These amendments generally allow abor were performed ~h year, not more than How can a right to abortion be operative tions only "to save the life of the mother'' or one-third by physicians. The majority were if those licensed to perform abortions are 1n limlted cases of rape. There is a multitude performed by non-professional abortionists, permitted to arbitrarily withhold their serv of individual circumstances that might in often in dirty and hazardous surroundings. ices from those who need them most? Such duce a woman to seek abortion and these Poor women, who had limited access to con statutes contravene the Supreme Court's rul might include medical factors such as dia traceptive services, were the principle victims ing es well as the subsequent rulings of sev betes, heart disease or a family history of of such unsafe abortions. In contrast, eral federal and state courts which have genetic disease • wealthy women were often able to obtain declared unconstitutional the refusal of Abortion In such instances might not be "therapeutic" abortions regardless of the public hospitals to permit the performance necessary to prevent actual death from par restrictiveness of their state law, or could of abortion. turition; however It is obvious that they pre travel to a state which had legalized abortion. sent serious considerations. Legal proscriptions against abortion do State legislatures have also enacted a num ber of other anti-abortion measures, includ There are many other circumstances under not significantly reduce the number of abor which abortion could be considered the most tions performed. Rather, where abortion ls ing parental or spousal consent require ments (now being litigated in the U.S. acceptable solution to an unwanted preg outlawed, only the poor are denied access nancy. Examples could include failure of to the limited amount of safe abortion facil Supreme Court), prohibitive regulation of abortion clinics, and denial of medicald pay contraception, a mother not financially able ities that exist. In New York City changes in to care for another child (adoption is not the racial and ethnic composition of those ments for abortion. These measures cut away at the essence of the Supreme Court's ruling more conscionable than abortion for some who obtain abortions 1llustrate this inequity. women) , age of the women-either young Figures on the incidence of abortions in by arbitrarily denying to some women the right to choose abortion. girls or middle-aged women, cases of rape, New York City prior to legalization reveal incest and other circumstances. that considerably less abortions were per AMENDMENTS THAT DEFINE "LIFE" "Right To Life" amendments would sub !ormed on minority women than on white Most of the constitutional amendments stitute uniformity for diversity and compul women. In comparison, when abortion be that are being considered by this commit sion for the right of the individual to choose. came legal, the number of such abortions tee attempt to define when life begins. These One can respect the rights of those who per 1,000 live births among minorities in amendments would Interpret the 5th and oppose abortion for themselves, without creased dramatically. 14th amendments of the constitution to pro writing it Into the basic secular laws of our A recent report by the center for disease tect the fetus at "conception" or "fertiliza land. The Constitution is not the proper control in Atlanta, Ga. shows that subse tion" from a denial of life, liberty or prop vehicle by which a minority viewpoint can quent to legalization a similar change oc erty without due process. There is no con or should legislate a particular moral stand curred. The following ls a breakdown of sensus of opinion on this issue. Neither the ard. The Framers believed that complete re abortion rates by race, among New York City medical community nor the general public ligious freedom is fundamental to our demo residents. agree that there is a point prior to birth cratic government and pluralistic society. As July 1970 to December 1970 (the first six when a fetus can be considered a human Justice Holmes said in h1s dissent 1n Lochner months in which abortion was legal). being. The Supreme Court in Boe v. Wade "· New York, 198, U.S. 45, "The Constitution Whites: 48 % of legal abortions. wisely concluded that "the Judiciary, at this ls made for people of fundamentally differ Non-whites: 40.9 % of legal abortions. point in the development of man's knowledge ing views." Puerto Ricans: 9.3% of legal abortions. is not in a position to speculate as to an Religious freedom means that no woman 1974: answer." The Court determined that the will be forced to have an abortion even Whites: 37.4% of legal abortions. countervalllng rights of the woman and the though her conscience forbids it; and it also Non-whites: 48.6% of legal abortions. unborn fetus a.re to be balanced against one means that no woman wlll be prevented Puerto Ricans: 9.3% of legal abortions. another. This balancing process is the back from terminating an unwanted pregnancy National figures also show that as a result bone of American jurisprudence. because the religious views of others might of nationwide legalization, minority women The right to choose abortion ls an impor be offended by it. had proportionally greater access to abortion. tant component of every women's right to STATES RIGHTS AMENDMENTS Blacks and other minority women had ob privacy and liberty. As the Supreme Court tained only 19 % of the total legal abortions wrote 1n Eisenstadt v. Batrcl, 405 U.S. 438. Another amendment being sought by anti in 1971. Then in 1973 minority women were "I! the right of privacy means anything, it abortion forces is the "States Rights" amend able to obtain 29 % of the legal abortions 1s the right of the individual married or ment which would give the 50 States the performed whereas white women comprised single to be free from unwarranted govern power to regulate or forbid the performance 67 % of the total women obtainlng abortions. mental intrusion into a matter so fundamen of abortion, while this approach would gen Thus it seems that of the small number of tally affecting a person as the decision erally restrict women's access to safe, legal legal therapeutic abortions which were per whether to bear or beget a child." abortion, its primary impact would be felt formed prior to legalization, access for I! an unconditional right to life were by poor women. minority women was severely limited. granted to the fetus, this would take prece Statistics compiled prior to Boe v. Wade Since Boe v. Wade a number of measures dence over a woman's right to privacy in deci indicate that such an amendment would not have been adopted by Congress or in specific sions concerning her own baby, her own life, significantly reduce the number of abortions states that limit access to abortion. These and her own physical and mental health. The performed but would merely revert to the efforts, often attached as riders to seemingly constitution does not guarantee a "rtght to situation In which only some States provide non-related bills, narrow the reach of the life" for anyone--even legally recognized per safe, legal faclllties for abortion and other Supreme Court's ruling. Such legislation sons; rather it protects against a denrol of life States would again force women to become enacted includes: without "due process" of law. Thus, the rights the victims of non-professional practitioners. ( 1) A "conscience clause" in the Health of life, liberty and property ennumera.ted in A "States Rights" amendment would con Programs Extension Act of 1973; the 5th and 14th Amendments are not and stitute a blatant violation of the 5th and 14th (2) A fetal research ban in the National never have been considered absolute rights. amendments by denying to the poor equal Science Foundation Authorization Act of Although the "right of Privacy" is not ex protection of the laws. Many of us have 1973; plicitly mentioned in the onstitution, it worked ha.rd in recent years to expand the (3) A llmited fetal research ban in the rests upon historical principles which are rights of minorities under the 14th amend National Research Awards and Protection of older than the B111 of Rights. ment. We have struggled against such meas Human Subjects Act; and As early as 1890, Samuel Warren and Louis ures which constitute discrimination under ( 4) A provision in the Legal Services Cor D. Brandeis wrote "The right to life has come a guise of "States Rights." Abdicating re poration Act prohlbitlng legal service attor to mean the right to enjoy life, the right to sponsibility in this area by Congress would neys from handllng abortion-relat.ed cases. be let alone • • ." ("The Right to Privacy" set a bad precedent for overturning other Such restrictive legislation, particularly Harvard law review, vol. 4, No. 5 (1890). The civil rights decisions. A "States Rights" so-called "conscience clauses" and the legal Court 1n Roe v. Wade was well within the amendment would reinstate confusion, in eerv1ces ban. harm most severely those who bounds of Judicial tradition 1n construing the equallty, and resentment between States-for
: I ' 11470 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 undoubtedly some States would bear a dis held in the Community Methodist CPUSA campaign to slash the U.S. de proportionate share of the burden by pro Church and in a nearby firehouse, and fense budget through the CPUSA's Na viding abortion services for the residents of early religious school classes held in the tional Center to Slash Military Spend the states with stricter abortion laws. If Congress were to adopt a "States Rights" rectory of Grace Episcopal Church and ing. WREE affiliated with another amendment we would be merely passing various public school buildings. All of CPUSA front, the National Coalition to along a difficult decision to other jurisdic this is a prime example of the many Fight Inflation and Unemployment tions. threads of different strengths and tex NCFIU-and participated in NCFIU's A majority of the public regardless of re tures that have been woven together 'to April 3 march and rally on the Capitol ligious aftlllation favors legalized abortion make up the fabric of this Nation and steps. It is noted in passing that the for those who choose this course. In the to enhance its durability and greatness. NCFIU rally was a disaster: While the Devries poll (December 1974) commissioned To Rabbi Jarashow, Cantor Apple mass media estimated about 1,500 par by the National Committee for a Human Life Amendment, 64% of the Catholics ques stone, President Addie Berger, and all of ticipated, and the Daily World claims tioned dlsagreed With the statement, "Abor the members and friends of Temple 5,000 were present, a careful head count tion should not be allowed under any cir Judea, may I extend a hearty mazel tov f owid a mere 900 persons present. cumstances." Among Protestants the per and my very best wishes, success, good WREE's role in the "world Communist centage was 72.7% and Jews, 91.4%. Last health, and spiritual peace. movement," as the Soviets term it, has year the Harris poll found that over the past been indicated by its formal affiliation 3 years, the percentage of the general public with WIDF, and the Dally World's that favors legal abortion increased from re 42% in 1972 to 54% in 1975. Evidently 2 COMMUNIST PARTY, U.S.A. ACTIVI port that WREE's mission is to "link up years of unrestricted access to abortion dem TIES: WOMEN, BLACKS, AND to the fight for disarmament and the- onstrated its benefits to the public. The Feb ELECTIONS World Peace Council's-Stockholm ruary 1, 1976, New York Times poll indicated Peace Appeal internationally." that 67% of the respondents believed that BLACK LIBERATION JOURNAL the abortion decision should be left up to HON. LARRY McDONALD A new, self-identified "national maga the woman and her doctor. OF GEORGIA A majority of Americans would prefer to zine of the Communist Party, U.S.A.," make their own decisions concerning abor IN THE HOUSE OP' REPRESENTATIVES Black Liberation Journal, is now avail tion. I urge the committee to reject all the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 able fromt he CPUSA national office and constitutional amendments restricting abor through the party's chain of bookstores tion and reaffirm. the freedom and basic right Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. such as the Progressive Bookshop in Los of the Individual to make this choice herself. Speaker, since the totalitarian ideology Angeles. Operating from 23 West 26th of Marxism-Leninism is rejected by the Street, New York, N.Y. 10010, 212-685- overwhelming mass of Americans when 577, the CPUSA national headquarters, ever it is presented to them directly by the journal is to be published quarterly SILVER ANNIVERSARY CELE the Community Party, U.S.A.-CPUSA at $2. 75 for a year's subscription. BRATED BY TEMPLE JUDEA the Communists develop issue-oriented An official publication of the National front groups through which they attempt Black Liberation Commission of the HON. JEROME A. AMBRO to manipulate people by subterfuge. CPUSA, the journal lists among its staff Whatever the problem or issue that Roscoe Proctor, James Johnson, and Cur OF NEW YORK arises-extension or cuts in municipal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tis Jackson, editors; Carolyn Black, de services, labor contract questions, foreign sign and layout; and staffers Carole Tuesday, April 27, 1976 policy-their answer is the same: That Marks, Ron Tyson, and Ronald Steven our whole economic and political system son. Mr. AMBRO. Mr. Speaker, on the is irredeemably corrupt and should be re weekend beginning Friday, April 23, placed with ''socialism" as in Russia, Articles in the first edition are by Temple Judea in Massapequa, N.Y., be Czechoslovakia, CUba, or Vietnam. Henry Winston, national chairman of gan a 3-day celebration of its 25th anni Women for Racial and Economic the CPUSA; William L. Patterson, co versary. On Friday, April 23, a special Equality-WREE-operating temporari chairman of CPUSA's National Black service of rededication was held. .I have Liberation Commission and member of been privileged to receive an invitation ly from 1 Sheridan Square, New York, its central committee; James E. Jack to address the congregation at this serv N.Y. 10014, held a national organizing son, CPUSA national education direc conference in Chicago, March 13-14, ice. On Saturday, April 24, a silver an 1976. The WREE leadership stated that tor and member of its political and cen niversary ball was held, and a service the group was formed "to fulfill a twin tral committees; Anthony "Tony" Mon of thanksgiving was planned for Sun legacy of struggle-to reaffirm the role of teiro, a CPUSA member who serves as day, April 25, to which the entire com U.S. women in the international arena executive secretary of CPUSA's front, munity is invited to join in on these of struggle against imperialism and to the National Anti-Imperialist Movement festivities. rewiite the natural allies in the fight in Solidarity with African Liberation In the 25 years since the formation for women's equality and the black lib NAIMSAL-Pat Roberts; Gerald Horne; of Temple Judea, the Massapequa area eration movement." chairman of NAIMSAL's New York it has served has grown from a small Sondra Patrinos was selected as the chapter; and Ronelle Mustin. semirural "bedroom community" to a new national coordinator of WREE The new Communist journal contains thriving populace suburb with a vital which had previously been active in the an editorial memoriam to Paul Robeson, cultural, religious, and educational life New York City and Connecticut areas. a CPUSA.hero, of whom it states: of its own. During this quarter century, Patrinos was in 1975 the district orga He saw the socialist world led by its peer Temple Judea has made an important less Marxist-Leninist political party as the nizer of the Communist Party of eastern birthplace of a new social order and he said contribution to that cultural, religious, Pennsylvania. so. educational growth. Under the leader Other WREE leaders include Alva ship of Rabbi Sanford Jarashow, Temple Buxembaum, a member of the CPUSA Henry Winston provides a statement Judea is a thriving center of religious Political Comm:Ssion; Liz Velez, a con on the purposes of the publication, writ activity to which the community of tributor to the CPUSA's Daily World; and ing: Massapequa can point with pride. Nilsa Pietri, who chaired the U.S. delega At a. time when the interest in Marxism· Mr. Speaker, it is particularly fitting tion to the World Congress of Women Leninism has never been higher among Black people, • • • the Black Liberation Journal in this the Bicentennial Year of the held in East Berlin, Octob~r 20-24, 1975. Un!ted States of America that we cele will emphasize in its pages the total role of The conference was organized by two the Communist Party. brate the silver anniversary of Temple of the Soviet Union's most active inter Judea because it is a symbol of the national fronts, the Women's Interna The journal is to "lay heavy stress on heterogeneous nature of our Nation tional Democratic Federation-WIDF increasing the circulation of the Daily our multiethnic nature which has and the World Peace Council-WPC. World and the Peoples World, and build served to season and enrich our spirit Pietri is now WREE's co-coordinator and ing -the party itself." The CPUSA will and make us the great Nation that we is a sponsor of CPUSA's annual May Day use the publication to support its attack are. Indeed, Temple Judea's own his committee. on the two-party system and formulate tory includes high holy day services WREE is supporting the Soviet and "a realistic program directed against April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11471 racism and anticommunism, against re which the CP campaign wlll reach mil he was a leader of the steel workers action, militarism and fascism, as the lions, as well as mass literature distribu organizing committee in a strike at Re basis for thought and action by the tions, rallies, public speaking engage public Steel in 1937. In sworn testimony working class and all progressive forces." ments, meetings with shop workers, house before the House Special Committee on Issued in March, the first issue put parties and other events." Un-American Activities in 1938, Edward heavy emphasis on the CPUSA and So According to CPUSA General Secre J. Herzog, a former undercover inform viet campaigns to slash the U.S. defense tary Gus Hall, the key issues of the Com ant within the CPUSA, testified that Gus budget which "backs the neocolonial munist Party's electoral work will be "the Hall had directed attacks against the policies of U.S. imperialism" and on pre struggle to strengthen detente, peace, the steel corporation, specifically that Hall: venting any "support to the Fascist re struggle for a shorter work week with no Told the boys to go to 011 City and bring gime in South Africa." cut in pay, and the fight against racism." back some nitroglycerin. • • • there were Black Liberation Journal also con Additional issues include opposing Senate rifies, shotguns, clubs, ballbats, pieces of tains polemics against Mao Tse-tung's bill l, the Criminal Code Reform Act, pipe, pieces of old sickle onto clubs, and -a interpretation of Communist theory and which in its original form had strong couple of tommy guns. There were about S villifies the People's Republic of China in provisions against subversion, riot, espi gallons of nitroglycerin in the headquarters at that time, and Gus told Art Scott to get an attempt to counter Maoism's appeal onage, and the unauthorized leaking and the crew together and go down and blow out to U.S. black revolutionaries in such dissemination of government secrets. The the bridge across the plant • • • and to take groups as the Congress of Afrikan People Communist Party will continue to pro another lot out and blow up the benzol and the Workers Congress. The antl mote Marxist concepts such as the plant. They had approximately a quarter of Maoist material notes: "right" to a government-provided job or a million gallons of volatile benzol. Gus gave It U.S. imperialism ts to be rebu1fed 1n subsidy for all U.S. citizens, will attempt them orders to go out and blow up the benzol Angola, it ts incumbent upon progressives to exploit "women's issues" and develop a plant. to work overtime in pointing out that Mao "people's alliance against big business ism ts no more than the "Trojan horse" of In the same hearing, the confessions domination of the country." of three of Hall's confederates are sum imperialism. Hall told the CPUSA National Coun OPUSA ELECTION CAMPAIGN marized: cil that its campaign will relate directly The orders of Gus Hall, according to these Although both this body and the to this year's major wage contract nego confessions, were to blow up and destroy the Supreme Court have found that the tiations; to a Lebor Day march and rally property of the Republic Steel Corp., homes Communist Party U.S.A. is not "just an in North Carolina to be organized by of non-str1k1ng workers, railroad property, other dissenting political party," but an CPUSA's National Alliance Against Ra including tracks and bridges. • • • They organization directed by the Soviet Un cist and Political Repression were to blow up the municipal electric light ion for its own interests, the CPUSA is NAARPR-headed by Angela Davis and plant in Warren. • • • The Meander Dam again entering the U.S. Presidential cam Charlene Mitchell, both CPUSA Central • • • was to have been blown up. And there paign to try to persuade Americans that Committee members; to the June 3-5 were plans to fly over the steel plant shops the Communist system is the only viable Chicago convention of the National in an aeroplane and drop bombs • • •. way to solve America's problems. Council of Senior Citizens which all aged In the context of revolutionary labor The CPUSA cun-ently has a meager CPUSA members are being urged to violence it is of significance that Hall was dues-paying membership of some 4,000 pack; and to "people's bicentennial" fes driven to the Vassar meeting by Felix people, although its circle of inft.uence tivities in Washington on July 4. Kuzman, 67, a CPUSA member identi former CPUSA members who have It is interesting to note that while the fied as a courier between Comin tern "dropped out" but remain friendly, "fel Communist Party will be involved in agent Gerhard Eisler and CPUSA n~ low travelers on the road to socialism" counter-Bicentennial activities in Wash tional headquarters, veteran of the Abra who have never actually joined for rea ington, D.C., on the Fourth of July, the ham Lincoln Brigade and in the past a sons of expediency or minor doctrinal CP has also endorsed the parallel mass member of Communist Party goon differences, and persons who work in the rally in Philadelphia on that date called squads. Supplementing Kuzman as Hall's CPUSA fronts and controlled organiza by the Cuban-dominated, violence-prone director of security was an eight-man tions-is much larger. Puerto Rican Socialist Party, the Prairie security squad led by William "Bllr' Again, despite its lack of success in Fire Organizing Committee which is the Scott, a black CPUSA member active in previous years, as a tactical maneuver to overt organizing arm of the Weather United Auto Workers Local 664 at the gain publicity especially among young Underground Organization terrorists; Tarrytown, N .Y., General Motors plant. new voters, college students, and racial and the American Indian Movement. Scott was recently in CUba for meetings and ethnic minority groups, the CPUSA On March 30, 1976, Gus Hall took his to plan U.S. support for the Cuban-con is running candidates in national and "Presidential campaign" to Vassar Col trolled Puerto Rican Socialist Party. local elections. lege's Blodgett Hall in Poughkeepsie, There is no excuse for ignorance of At a March 27-28, 1976, meeting of N.Y. Hall spoke on the theme "capitalism Lenin's teaching that for a Communist the CPUSA National Council, leaders in crisis and the role of racism" at a there can be no question of "bourgeois" from each Communist Party district pre meeting sponsored by the Vassar Chap or ethical morality when considering sented reports on their local signature lain's Office and the Blanche Kahn Me tactics: the only criterion is what will drives on petitions for ballot status and morial Committee which was attended by best advance the Communist Party. on their activity in support of the na some 500 students, faculty and local Lenin wrote: tional CPUSA slate of Gus Hall for Pres residents. Armed struggle pursues two cl11l'erent alms, ident and Jarvis Tyner for Vice Presi Sharing the platform with Hall were which must be strictly distingulshesd: in the dent. CPUSA members Joe Kahn, husband of first place, this struggle aims at assassinating Petitions have already been filed for the late Blanche Kahn whose death in individuals, chiefs and subordinates in the CPUSA candidates in Michigan, Ohio, 1973 resulted in formation of the me army and police; in the second place, it alms Kentucky, and Utah. One of the most morial committee, and CPUSA Legislative at the confiscation of monetary funds both intensive signature drives in the South Director Arnold Johnson. Also on the from the government a.nd from private per is being waged to get on the ballot in platform was Vassar Chaplain Rev. sons. The confiscated funds go partly into the treasury of the party, partly for the spe Alabama. Birmingham is the Communist George Williamson, not an identified cial purpose of arming and preparing for Party's priority city for southern orga CPUSA member. an uprising, and partly for the maintenance nizing, and the petition drive is being In introducing the Communist Party of persons engaged in the struggle we are managed by Scott Douglas and Mike Presidential candidate, Vassar's chap describing. The big expropriations go mostly, Welch, executive director of the Alabama lain drew attention to Hall's work in and someti..'lles entirely, to the maintenance Communist Party. The Communist building the United Steelworkers Union of the "expropriators." Party's goal is to be on the ballot in in the 1930's and to the fact that Hall . . . . The argument that guerrilla warfare clls 30 States. had spent 7 years in Leavenworth peni Ol'ganizes the movement must be regarded It was announced that plans are now tentiary "as a political prisoner during crltica.lly. Every new form of struggle, ac being made "throughout the country for the McCarthy era." companied as it r1s by new dangers and new interviews with TV, radio, newspapers, Chaplain Williamson did not mention sacrifices, inevitably "disorganizes" organiza tions which a.re unprepared for this new campus papers and other media, through Hall's public record as a terrorist when ' 11472 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 form of struggle. • • • this does not mean I could relate the trials and the heartaches had begun, Van and Norman were "out on the that one must not fight. It means that one and the pains, that were and stm are road", bllled as the "McCoy Brothers" and must learn to fight. That is all. part of America. making public appearances at every ladles' When I see Social-Democrats proudly and I can see my country as I see myself, through tea around Washlngton. smugly declaring, "we are not anarchists, the eyes of America's people and 1n Va.n survived this early taste of fame, but thieves. robbers, we are superior to all this, the sounds of her healthy children. he gave up his performing career as soon as we reject guerrllla wartare"-1 ask myself: Do In the future as in the past there are many he could talk his mother out of It. His musl these people realize what they are saying? tears, ca,l tastes continued to develop through the • • • when I see a Social-Democrat theore But Happy Birthday, America! sounds he heard on the radio, and at 12, tician or publicist not displaying regret over You are the hopes and the dreams of all our Van wrote his first song. Serious ambitions this unpreparedness, but rather a proud years, took priority a.she grew up, and Van attended smugness and a self-exalted tendency to re Happy Birthday, America! Howard University, where he majored 1n psy peat phrases learned by rote in early youth chology. about anarchism, Blanqulsm and terrorism, While pursuing this course of study, how I am hurt by this degradation of the most ever, that nagging interest in music kept in revolutionary doctrine in the world. terfering. He found time to sing with a WASHINGTON, D.C., SALUTES MR. local group, known as the Starlighters, who The American Communist Party over VAN McCOY-APRIL 27, 1976 cut a few records which were released locally. the decades has demonstrated its will During his second year of college, Van ingness to use violence. deceit, and de couldn't resist an offer to go to Philadel ception. Its leaders, still aping Moscow, HON. WALTER E. FAUNTROY phia and start a record label with his uncle. hail as champions of "peace and prog OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA One of their early releases, a record Van ress" every terrorist thug who receives IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES did called "Mr. D.J.", became a hit. Scepter Records bought the master and the Soviet stamp of approval like the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Palestine Liberation Organization released the disc nationally. Van continued Mr. FAUNTROY. Mr. Speaker. on the his association with Scepter, working as PLO. Hyman Lumer, a CPUSA Central writer and producer, and his earliest accom Committee member who heads the 27th of April 1976, the citizens of our Nation's capital will salute Grammy plishments were projects with the Shlrelles. Party's Jewish Affairs Commission, has He subsequently became Involved with the written that although the PLO has been Award winning musician and a native relatively new phenomenon of production branded terrorist, "this is entirely Washingtonian, Mr. Van McCoy, by ob companies, where he was involved with such groundless." No doubt if they were able, serving ''Van McCoy Day.. in Washing artists as Gladys Knight ("Giving Up"). Bar the victims of Maalot, of the Rome, Mu ton,D.C. bara Lewis ("Baby I'm Yours"), Ruby & Van McCoy's million dollar selling rec The Romantics ("'When You're Young and nich, Lod and LaGuardia airport at In Love"), Chad & Jeremy ("Before and tacks, Kuala Lumpur and Khartoum ord, "The Hustle,•• has ignited a musical spark that has set the music world After", "I Don't Wanna Lose You Baby") would disagree with Comrade Lumer. and a long string of hits for Peaches and ablaze. As Van McCoy fans, we are proud Herb. He spent those years gaining a con of the artistic genius of Van McCoy, and siderable reputation as a songwriter as well the tremendous contributions that he as tor his In-studio talents. HAPPY BffiTHDAY, AMERICA! has made to music and to Washington, Somewhere during this era, Van paused to D.C. do a stint as a singer, cutting an LP with In recognition of Van McCoy•s many Mitch Mlller for Columbia, "Nighttime Is HON. JAMES R. JONES achievements. I am honored to share Lonely Time", and did the TV show circuit, OF OKLAHOMA with my colleagues this biography of one chalking up 12 appearances on the Tonight Show. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of America's finest musicians and one of "At the time, I really didn't want to be a Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Washington, D.C.'s outstanding citizens, singer," Van says. "I fought It every Inch of Mr. Van Mccoy: the way! The only thing I was Interested 1n Mr. JONE~ of Oklahoma. Mr. Speak VAN McCoy BIOGRAPHY was writing and producing for other artists." er. during our Bicentennial Year, many People are touching again on the dance In 1967, Van teamed up with Joe Cobb to Americans are reflecting upon the his floor. "The Hustle", described 1n Record form an Independent record production and tory and meaning of our Nation. Re World as "the biggest dance record of the music publishing company which achieved cently, I received a copy of a poem writ seventies, and the biggest disc of that genre some very Impressive credits. Aretha Frank ten by my constituent, Dennis R. Scott, in some nine years", has brought people to lin, Vikki Carr, Roberta Flack, Tom Jones, who put his reflections into a lyric about gether In discotheques throughout the world Nancy Wllson, Brenda & The Tabulations and America which he has shared with both for the first time since the Twist shook them Nina Simone are just some of the names who the Speaker and myself. apart more than a decade ago. have recorded Van McCoy songs. The man who's brought all those people to Recently, Avco Records gave Van an oppor I would like to take this opportunity to gether ls Van McCoy. His #1, million-selling tunity to utllize his many talents as a con place Mr. Scott's poem, "Happy Birth smash, "The Hustle" on Avco Records, gave ductor, arranger, pianist and vocalist. Van day, America!", into the RECORD for oth life to an idea whose time had come. The created the Soul City Symphony to interpret ers to read and enjoy as well. "hands off" dances of the sixties are being contemporary material-his original songs as HAPPY BIRTHDAY, AMERICA! crowded off the floor by a need to make well as current hlts--in a unique style. His contact that 1s more 1n the idiom of the "Disco Baby" album, produced by Hugo & Happy Birthday, America! seventies. Luigi, included the runaway single smash The land of the free, Van McCoy, who sa.w the need and effected "The Hustle", which catapulted McCoy to the From sea to shining sea the change, ls a multi-talented musician pop music stardom for which he seemed to be The Home of the brave and the torch of Liberty who's been working behind the scenes for fated despite all his protestations. Even now his serious side emerges--"My My country tis of thee and I recall the days years as an Important songwriter, arranger, of yore conductor and record producer. He studied real love is classical music," Van claims. "My psychology In college and his personal pref favorites are the romantic composers-Bee When the child America was being born. erence ls classical music, which makes him thoven, Rachmaninoff". One of these days, he A country forged in Freedom, unique among contemporary pop stars. hopes to become known as a 'serious' com,. Fostering chlldren and grandchtld Van is currently malntalnlng a busy career poser. Till then, Van McCoy might just as In God We Trust. well enjoy his destiny at the top of pop. California, here I come or bust. as record producer for the Stylistics, David Happy Birthday, America I Ruffin, the Choice Four and other artists, 1n addition to recording his own albums with Prom thirteen colonies to fl!ty states the his Soul City Symphony and playing a select story of 200 years of, number of personal appearances. But Van ls CAPUCHINO HIGH SCHOOL Not just survival, used to being in demand. His talents have But 200 years of Democracy. Never close to perfect, been utilized by such artists as Gladys Knight & The Pips, Aretha Franklin, Roberta. Our RepubUc is, at least, farther away from HON. LEO J. RY AN Fla.ck, Tom Jones and many others over the OJ' CALIFORNIA the wrongs of the world, and closer to yea.rs. the best and most sacred. human Van McCoy was born in Washingt.on, D.C. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1n rights than any other country ever on January 6, 1944. His mother made sure Tuesday, April 27, 1976 the history of this world. that her sons had early musical lnfiuences Happy Birthday. America! older brother Norman was given violln les Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, on the eve Oh, I could speak of patriots and soldlers, of sons from the moment he could hold the ning of May 1 the students of Capu garlanded. pipers trumpeting peaceful instrument, and Van started &t the piano at chino High School in San Bruno, Calif.• times. the age of 4. About a year after his lessons will be paying special tribute to Mr. April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11473 Ralph Bredenberg, director of the Capu The history of the Armenian people This hearing will provide useful back chino High Marching Band, on the occa has been marked by long periods of sub ground data for a major hearing being sion of his retirement from that school. jugation to foreign rule. As early as the scheduled for Monday, May 3, with So Mr. Brendenberg has served the San 16th century nearly the whole country cial Security Commissioner Cardwell, Mateo Unified High School District since was overrun and held by the Ottoman Social and Rehabilitation Service Acting 1951 and is a native of Turlock, Calif. Turks. Today, the historic Armenian Administrator Wortman, and HEW As He had many years of musical experi area, what is now Turkey, is totally de sistant Secretary for Planning and ence before coming to Capuchino High void of Armenian populas, while the So Evaluation, Wllliam Morrill. School including serving as director of viet Union holds the Armenian people Thursday's witnesses will be: the 525th U.S. Air Force Band Bit Shep captive in an area presently referred to Mr. Harry F. Cruver, president, Man pard Field, Tex., and director of the as Soviet Armenia. agerial Controls, Inc., Falls Church, Va.: Community Band in Chowchilla, Calif. Despite the years of subjugation by and In an effort to broaden his knowledge alien rulers, the Armenian people have Mr. Morris Hansen, vice president, and thereby enrich the learning of his managed to hold together and retain WESTAT, Inc., Rockvllle, Md. students, Mr. Brendenberg in 1970-71 their national consciousness through traveled in the United States and abroad their church and language. The Arme in order to familiarize himself with the nians were the first nation in the world ADDRESS TO THE OVERSEAS PRESS musical programs of various schools. to accept Christianity as their state re CLUB OF NEW YORK CITY Under his directorship the Capuchino ligion, and were perhaps the oldest of High Marching Band has been the re the civilized races in western Asia. cipient of many awards and special hon Their sense of unity and national HON. BELLA S. ABZUG ors throughout the years including par aspirations became so intense by the o.- NEW YORK ticipation in the Kennedy inauguration mid-19th century that the Armenians IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in 1961 and the Tournament of Roses developed a burning desire for attain parade in 1966. On several occasions the ment of their goal of self-government. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 band has appeared in Disney parades However, at that time, the Turks set Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, last week I and received awards and special recogni out to exterminate the whole Armenian had the opportunity to address the Over tion for their outstanding abilities. In ad Christian population within its borders seas Press Club in New York City on dition, they have received a multitude of and called for the elimination of some some of the major foreign policy issues awards for their participation in nu 2 million Armenians in the Ottoman facing our country as the first anni merous State and local competitions and Empire through deportation, contrived versary of the end of the Vietnam war special events. famine and large-scale massacres. While approaches. I would like to insert my Certainly, Mr. Ralph Brendenberg has many hundreds of thousands were able speech into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD played an important role in the lives of to ftee abroad to neighboring lands, today for the consideration of my col many of the students at Capuchino High others, mostly women and children. leagues: School and I would like to take this op were forced to adopt the Moslem faith SPEECH BY REPRESENTATIVE BELLA S. ABzuG portunity to thank him for a job well and submit to servitude in Turkish TO 0VEBSEAS PREss CLUB, HOTEL Bn.TMORE, done and wish him all the best in his homes. N.Y., APan. 20, 1976 retirement. I am sure he will be missed The Armenians paid with their lives On April so, we will be observing the first by everyone at Capuchino High. for having entertained the elemental annl versa.ry of the end of the war 1n Viet idea of human dignity and freedom. No nam. provocation on the part of individual I say "observing," but I know of no memo COMMEMORATION OF THE FIRST Armenians could justify such a crime rial services, parades or other ceremonies GENOCIDE AGAINST THE ARME that a.re being planned in the United States against the whole race. to mark the conclusion of a war that cost NIAN PEOPLE However, I believe that we should be the American people so much in lives lost, confident that this historical injustice in wounded, in men stm missing, 1n billions HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI will one day be corrected and a free and of dollars squandered, in domestic needs independent Armenia will once again neglected, and in political confilct and up OP Il..LINOIS exist. The Armenian people have dem heaval. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES onstrated throughout history their forti The Vietnamese, whose suffering 1n the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 war was beyond expression, are using the tude, stamina and tenacity in maintain occasion of this first anniversary to establish Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in ing their church culture, and language. the final reuniflcation of the North and commemorating the suffering of millions The existence today of this Armenian South, and that a.ct wlll underscore the ul of Armenians 61 years ago, we note what spirit is the foundation that will lead timate bankruptcy of the policies of the is properly regarded as the first tragedy to the ultimate restoration of a modem Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon and of deliberate genocide in the 20th cen Armenian nation. Ford administrations 1n 20 years of involve tury-the ruthless massacre of the Therefore, we should be strengthened ment in Southeast Asia. by the belief that their suffering was not As a Member of Congress, I was in Thai Armenian people by the Ottoman gov land on August 15, 1973 when the last ernment. Since that time, of course, the in vain and that a free Armenia will American plane returned from its last bomb world has witnessed other incidents of arise despite the shocking indifference ing mission over Cambodia, a. cut-oft forced man's irresponsible cruelty to his fell ow of the world at the time of the massacre on President Nixon by the combined effort human beings. However, this historic unleashed by the Ottomans and the of the American people and the Congress. event not only threatened the Armenian various political setbacks that have oc La.st March I was again in Vietnam and curred in the last 61 years. Cambodia with other members of a congres people with extinction as attempted by sional delegation. Signs of collapse and de the tyrants of the Ottoman Empire, but feat were all around us, but we returned to also set an unfortunate precedent for the WAYS AND MEANS OVERSIGHT SUB Washington to find the Ford a.dmlnlstration world as the first modem genocide. COMMITTEE ANNOUNCES HEAR stlll arguing for military a.id to General The anniversary of this tragic event ING ON AFDC ERROR RATES Thieu. The President was unsuccessful, and must not be allowed to pass without a reality prevailed. tribute to the 1,500,000 Armenian men, Now we a.re told by the political analysts women, and children who perished dur HON. CHARLES A. VANIK • that the American people want to forget ing the 1915-18 period. Last year at this Ol' OHIO a.bout the war and that political candlda.tes should a.void talking a.bout it. time, the House overwhelmingly passed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The legacy of the war ls stlli with us, and a resolution designating April 24, 1975, Tuesday, April 27, 1976 with the people of Vietnam and Cambodia. I as "National Day of Remembrance of speak here not of the political consequences Man's Inhumanity to Man." I believe Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, there will be which a.re evident, but of the human suffer that again this year, we should remember a hearing on Thursday, April 29, at 3 ing. The World Health Organization reported those martyrs who sacrificed their lives p.m., in H208, to hear from two witnesses recently that aft.er 30 yea.rs of war, South and rededicate ourselves to a renewed on problems involved in HEW's efforts Vietnam ls a land infested with malaria, reverence for human life. to reduce the level of errors in AFDC. bubonic plague, leprosy and tuberculosis. CXXII--725--Pa.rt 9 11474 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 When the war ended. four ot every five Mr. Carter has been forced to do a lot of sure that when 1985 arrives. unless we suc soldiers had a venereal disease. and there explaining recently, and this is another area ceed in removing a good chunk of this mill were 300.000 prostitutes. in which I believe his views require explana tary burden from our necks, representatives The incidence of tuberculosis was one of tion and clarification. of the Pentagon and the military industrial the highest in the world, malaria was on the Pressures of electoral politics have also complex will be found swarming over Capitol increase, and about a half million people trapped President Ford into various seem Hill. arguing for some new and even more were drug addicts. ingly inconsistent positions. He has decided, costly superweapons system. overwhelming Private organizations in the United States as we know, to dispense with the word Congress with figures, charts, threats and are now organlzlng the shipment of clothing "detente:• if not with the concept. We have subllm1nal hints of impending impotence un and medical supplies to Vietnam. but their also seen in recent months the provocative, less we escalate the arms race. efforts cannot begin to fill the need for but abortive stance in Angola, a slowdown in We spend a great deal of time in Congress humanitarian aid. ThJs 1s a role that should the SALT talks, Secretary of State Kissinger's listening to the milltary experts. But very be filled by the United States in compensa threats toward Cuba. and his reiteration that little time llstenlng to people with the will tion to the people of Vietnam for the horrors the U.S. is prepared to use nuclear weapons and the imagination to think about what we infllcted on them. in socalled "llmited wars:• kind of world the military experts are forcing Under the Bingham amendment to the In But while pushing for the biggest military us to live in. ternational Security Assistance Act. which budget in American history in war or peace. One of the most .alarming developments in was recently approved with some mod111ca and threatening to veto it if Congress should Washington in the past few years has been tlon in con!erence. Congress ls now on rec dare to lay a hand on the mllitary procure the shift from a mutual armed deterrence ord for ending the trade embargo with Viet ment blll, President Ford has also been forced policy to a new emphasis on the development nam, with the proviso that the President can to reveal some truths a.bout American mlli of a "first strike" capability. I have been reimpose the embargo if information on the tary power in response to the demagogic at devoting my efforts in Congress to offering MIA's ls not forthcoming within 180 days. tacks by Mr. Reagan. amendments and organizing opposition to the This should be accepted as an essential In a recent campaign appearance in Wis development of weapons that would set us step on the road to normalization of relations consin, the President flatly stated that the more firmly on that path. with Vietnam. Vietnam was never a threat to U.S. "ls unsurpassed by any other Nation as I wonder if the Pentagon's heavy thinkers the security of the American people. Now as far as mil1tary capablllty 1s concerned." He have ever devoted any time to picturing what then. trade and humanitarian and economic noted that we have a 2-to-1 ratio over the would happen the morning after or even the assistance offer the best hope for peaceful Soviet Union in warheads. a 3-to-1 lead in year after a "first strike?" relations between our Nations. strategic aircraft. a 3-to-1 margin of su Suppose the U.S. decided an imminent So But unfortunately the policy-makers in periority in naval tonnage and he also viet threat required a preemptive first strike? Washington have not absorbed the lessons boasted that our ballistic missiles are much Suppose we destroyed all of the Soviet of our 111-fated mmtary intervention. more accurate and survivable than those of Union•s 200 major cities. and. as you know. There is an unfinished agenda left over the Soviet Union. we have the present capacity to wipe out all from the war in Southeast Asia. We should President Ford admits that the U.S. re those cities more than 35 times over. Suppose be using this first anniversary as an oppor tains mllltary superiority over the Soviet we were able to destroy the Soviet Union•s tunity for a thorough reappraisal of Ameri Union. The truthfulness of this ls borne out ablllty to strike back, though with the shift can foreign policy objectives around the in the detailed study issued recently by Rep. to nuclear submarine fleets equipped with globe, including the recognition that being nuclear misslles it is doubtful that even the Les Aspin-a document that is a very pre most optimistic Pentagon general could guar the biggest military power on earth does not cise rebuttal of the Reagan argument that antee that there would be no retaliation require us to utlllze that power everywhere, we are somehow becoming a second-rate mil against our own land and our own people. in situations that do not directly affect the itary power. In view of this, how can Mr. But even 1f we could destroy the major national security of the American people, or Ford justify his provocative and dangerous industrial centers of the Soviet Union and that we cannot control. insistence on the development of new and kill a majority of its people. which ls a As part of a reappraisal of American for extremely costly weapons systems, including horrifying thought, what then? eign policy, I believe we need a redefinition the development of a counterforce capabil What would be happening in China, Japan, of the phrase. "The National Interest:• ity that will impel the Soviet Union to seek We are told that debate is supposed to stop India, the Middle East and Western Europe to develop its own "first strike" capability? as the radioactive clouds rolled over them at the waterline and domestic antagonists are I believe we have to redefine "national and eventually rolled over us? supposed to present a united front in the interest" to dispense with the lllusion that conduct of foreign policy. That has always Would the governments there be grateful one foreign pollcy can accommodate the in and send us thank you notes? Would we dis been more of a wish than a reality in either terests of all Americans, from the poorest war or peace. and with the possible exception patch an army of occupation to Russia and family in the south Bronx to the richest mrn would we fare any better than Napoleon? of World war II, most American foreign wars tary contractor in the southwest. encountered severe domestic criticism, reach How would we cope with the millions of We are the dchest and most powerful coun burned bodies, the rubble and destruction. ing a peak. of course. during the Vietnam try in the world. But even we must make war when a majority of Americans came to the contaminated food, air and water. the choices. and we must make them in terms of disease and suffering of the survivors? Would oppose it. what will best serve the domestic as wen as we decide to rebuild Moscow and Omsk rather It is an unfortunate aftermath of that war foreign commitments of our Nation. that the enormous peace movement which it than New York and Cleveland? A displaced garment worker in New York, a Or would we just leave it all alone. and generated has dwindled away into a collec shoeworker 1n New England or an electronlcs then start worrying about whether other tion of small, albeit still dedicated groups, worker in the Midwest does not have the same nations. closer than us, would send their that continued to function among the grass kind of interest in what happens in the Far roots and as lobbies in Washington. • • • armies in to occupy what was left of the East or Latin America as does an American Soviet Unlon and start the cycle all over One conseouence ls that in the current Multinational Corporation that pays children again? Presidential debate, with the exception of aboard to work on assembly lines 14 hours a Mo Udall, who favors cuts that will produce If the Soviet Union should decide that day for 30 cents an hour. or a firm llke Lock it must develop and use a "first strike" ca what he calls a "lean but tough" military heed which hired hundreds of workers in budget, the tone has been set by Reagan and pabillty oo counter ours, just as it felt com Hong Kong to ~mble the safeguard anti pelled to compete with our development of Wallace on the right and by Henry Jackson missile system for $2 a day. who stubbornly maintains that we can have MIRVs (and now MARVs), it would en For the jobless American working people, counter the same insuperable obstacles and both guns and butter. guaranteed full employment and a recent in suffer the same unbearable consequences as Although Jimmy Carter talks about end come offer greater security than, for example. would the United States. ing the proliferation of nuclear weapons an unnecessary and ridiculously costly B-1 It has been said before, but it bears re around the globe and ellm1nating the world's program. which will eventually cost us $90 peating. There can be no winners either in a nuclear arsenal, he is also a supporter of the b1llion. one-sided nuclear war or in a nuclear ex Trident submarine, the special project of his Millions of people living in our decaying change that would destroy both participants. mentor, Admiral Rickover. cities. and certainly those living in New York. Certainly, our Government knows it has Pentagon plans call for a fleet of ten Tri do not have the same vested interest in a nothing to gain from a !lolocaust, and al dents. ea.ch at a cost of $1.8 b1lllon and each $114 blliion military budget as do defense most every visitor to the Soviet Union, equipped with 24 missile tubes each con- • contractors whose cost overruns alone, ac whether they come as a friend or critic, tainlng at least eight hydrogen bombs. Thus cording to a. GAO study 1n 1974, averaged out test1fles to the deep abhorrence of war there while Mr. Carter talks about eliminating to $94 million per day during one six-month among a people who suffered 20 million cas the nuclear arsenal, he also appears to be period ending June 30, 1974. ualties in World War II. committed to a program that would add at We have to assess how our national eco We know this. Yet we do not act upon our least 1,920 hydrogen bombs to our present nomy and our national interest will fare knowledge. Instead, our Government seeks to nuclear submarine fleet which is already under the burden of such a huge military intensify the mitltary competition with the equipped with a total of more than 4,000 budget. keeping in mind the current fore Soviet Union. nuclear warheads, each one of which can de casts that it wlll reach $200 billion by 1985. We are told our entire nuclear posture stroy a large city and its population. As sure as I am of death and taxes. I am is based on the concept that we need more April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11475 weapons in order not to use them. The argu we can only hope that a peaceful, longterm States and the Soviet Union bear a special ment follows the same course in the U .S.S.B. settlement will be achieved there without responsiblll ty to slow down the arms race. Yet at the same time our worldwide ondt the permanent intervention of Syria or other That ls the issue which should be con blllty is said to be based on a, nuclear ar nations. I believe the events in Lebanon cerning the American people as they go senal which others must believe we are should give pause to those who have criti about the process of choosing a new presi -.~eady to use, but which, m fact, we cannot cized Israel for ltR reluctance to agree to a dent and a new congress. I would hope that use without 4estroying ourselves as well u separate Palestinian state and tt.s total and all the candidates for office would forego other nations. And not only are we sup understandable rejection of PLO arguments cold war rhetoric and begin to talk about posed to be ready to use nuclear weapons for a binational state. Obviously, that way leadership for peace. We need this for the against the Soviet Union, but against other lles destruction for the people of Israel, and sake of domestic peace and security. We need nations in socalled "11mlted" wars, which are that ls unacceptable. this for world peace and security. And I llmited only in the sense that they would Within the perspective of 28 years of con think that this is what the people of the fall short of destroying every human being stant and relentless Arab hostlllty against world look to us to provide. on earth. Isreal, it should be evident that Israel can It is time to end this mad competition. It not be expected to make any changes in her 15 time to recognize that the real strength borders without guarantees of mutual recog of America Iles in the combination of ade nition and acceptance of Israel's right to ONE MAN'S VIEW OF THE SOVIET quate mmtary power and domestic pros exist as a secure nation. UNION perity, and that a more realistic foreign pol In an area of so many rivalries, national icy can bring with it a reduction 1n mllltary confilcts and such political complexity, the spending. We lost the socalled Vietnam United States could make a genuine contri "peace dividend" but there is still time to bution toward peace if lt were to stop act HON. MARIO BIAGGI enact cuts 1n the mllltary budget a.pd trans ing as the major arms seller to the Persian OJ' NEW YORX fer some of those funds to restore our econ Gulf nations and would drop its long-range IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES omy, provide jobs and increase assistance to plans to sell arms to Egypt. needy nations. World military spending has risen to al Tuesday, April 27, 1976 I regret that Congress is succumbing to most $300 blllion a year, and the United Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, recently Pentagon propaganda and the pressures of States and Soviet Union alone account for WOR-TV in New York City aired a most presidential politics rhetoric and is passing 60 % of world spending on arms. up opportunities to reduce the military budg Saudi Arabia and Iran are the two biggest interesting editorial written by their et. The House has voted to go along with the overseas purchasers of American weapons vice president and general manager, mllltary procurement blll and has even au and military construction services. During Robert Williamson, who recently com thorized more money for some programs 1973-76, U.S. military sales to the Persian pleted a visit to the Soviet Union. than was requested. The Senate last week Gulf region exceeded $12 b1llion. Saudi Mr. Williamson paints a very bleak rejected an effort to reduce the budget cell Arabia and Iran each accounted for approxi picture of life in the Soviet Union, as ing for the Pentagon by $2.6 blllion and to mately $6 billion each in weapons procure ment and m1Utary construction. This In he says in the editorial: transfer this money to another part of the I might trade our subways for Moscow's, budget for domestic needs. cluded the most sophisticated weaponry, and creation of whole military services, such as but after that, Soviet life loses on most every But the Senate has not yet voted on mm count. ta.ry procurement authorization, and both a naval shore patrol force for Saudi Arabia. Houses wlll not vote on actual appropria There were approxl.mately $.5 billion 1n wea The simple fact is the Soviet economy tions until later this spring. There 1s still pons sales to Kuwait, $100 million for Oman and smaller amounts to the other states and is not nearly as advanced as they would time for the advocates of restraint in mlli lead us to believe. While this Nation can tary spending and a baste change in the di states and kingdoms In the area. During the rection of our foreign policy to go to the same period, Israel's purchases in the west increase its defense spending yet still American people and to warn them of the have amounted to $5 billion. provide a decent standard of living for its harm that is being done to them in the name Congress has gone along with the U.S. citizenry-the Soviet Union's expendi of national security. sales of six C-130 military transport planes tures on defense have come at the ex What ls needed now is competition in peace to Egypt after wlnnlng a commitment from pense of the common people who must 1n1tlatives, not a competition in military Secretary Kissinger that the U.S. will not struggle just to eke out an existence. escalation. The Kremlin generals may be im supply Egypt with any more mllita.ry equip Mr. Wllliamson also focuses on the pressed with the range and accuracy of our ment this year. But I think it is becoming repressive nature of Soviet life. Freedom missiles, but the citizens of the Soviet Union increasingly clear that if President Ford were and of other nations all over the world a.re to be reelected, he would be back next year of speech, religion and assembly, which more impressed with our clothes, food, con with requests for military aid to Egypt. It are the cornerstones of this Nation's sumer goods and our constitutional liberties. is also evident that the socalled U.S. even democracy are but myths in the Soviet Whether we proceed under the rubric of de handed policy 1n the Middle East is tipping Union. Many in this Nation know of the tente or some other catch phrase, I believe toward the Arab nations. problems which Soviet Jews encounter the U.S. and our people have more to gain by According to observers at the UN, Egypt's both living in and trying to emigrate policies of trade, arms reduction and arms abrogation of its treaty of friendship and co from the Soviet Union. agreements, internation cooperation, moral operation with the Soviet Union is supposed to signal the development of a new alliance I am pleased to provide my colleagues suasion and economic assistance to under with the opportunity to read Mr. Wil developed nations than by a return to cold along the southern tier of the Arab World. war confrontation. The Alliance would include the U .s., Egypt, liamson's assessment of life in the Soviet I have already Indicated that among the Jordan and the Arab oil states along the Union. It should make us all thankful to peace 1n1tiatives we can take are to cut the Persian Gulf, with Saudi Arabia at their be Americans. head. The oil states would be the primary mllltary budget significantly and to recog Goon To BE BACK financiers of this bloc, and the U.S. would nize our obllgation to send economic assist be the prl.mary mlllta.ry supplier. Israel (By Robert Williamson) ance to Vietnam and resume trade as a pre would be accepted as part of this alliance, You never really appreciate something lude to establlshment of diplomatic rela but it Is a prospect that can ofter no long Uke freedom-until it is gone. That truism tions between Vietnam and the United ra.nge hope of peace or stablllty for Israel. haunted me during a recent visit to the States. The Ford Administration has argued that soviet Union. We must recognize the limltations of our Egypt needs a "symbolic" gesture of tangible I might trade our subways for Moscow's, power, and no longer adopt an intervention military support from the United States in but after that, Soviet life loses on most every ist posture around the world 1n areas where order to assure its continued cooperation. count. we cannot determine the outcome of events. The only problem with this ls that sym With all our gripes about the cost of living, As evidence of our support for the emerg bols have a way of turning into tanks and consider that the average American works 12 ence of democratic governments, we should missiles, and Israel can feel no assurance minutes for a dozen eggs, while our comrade hold oft' on ratifying the treaty with Spain that these weapons will not be pointed at labors 93 minutes. A Russian puts in 157 until the Juan Carlos government casts o1f her. hours for a ma.n's suit, an American only 26 the repressive form of government of the If Israel ls expected to follow up the Sinai hours. And while it takes six months salary Franco regime and allows the people of Spain pact with further concessions, it has a right for us to buy a car, lt takes nearly 4 years in to decide their own destiny. to expect that the U.S. wlll stop selling arms Russia. There are, of course, other initiatives tha.t to its present and potential enemies. There Worse than the prices in the Soviet Union can be taken, but I would like to conclude is stm Uttle tangible evidence coming oui is the shoddy quality of goods. Very little by discussing one that I feel must be taken of any of the Arab Nations, including Egypt, works right. Despite a. housing boom that 1f we are to cool oft' the always potentially of a readiness to live in peace and friendship Communists brag about, buildings are ex explosive Middle Ea.st. with Israel. pected. to be a bit lopsided! A six-inch differ Eoth the U.S. and Israel are showing com As the major nuclear powers and as the ence in ceiling height is common in a ten mendable restraint in the Lebanese war and major arms sellers to the world, the United foot space. 11476 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976
Of course, all the talk about Soviet Social a general raising of taxes, the rural govern interested 1n publlc lands t'han just the ism building a "classless" society ls fraudu ment units do not have enough money to rancher. He is right on this. In rural Nevada, lent. Party officials and other elitists can pur meet the real demands for services they were there are more than 70,000 people directly chase goods that are in short supply, and at easily able to provide a. year a.go, and in years related to the land. Gentlemen, please in low cost. past. your deliberation, also consider these people. Worst of all the Soviet indignities on its Inspection of all the economic indicators Thank you. citizens ls the denial of liberty. The media available to us, and conversations with ls a state propaganda tool providing virtually ranchers and businessmen, bring us to only exclusive-and often distorted-access to the one conclusion. And that is, that in spite CONGRESS AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS real world. And in Moscow, a city nearly as of improving cattle prices and a. good water big as New York, there's only one Synagogue, and hay year just past, the livestock indus one Catholic and three Russian Orthodox try has retrenched seriously in its spending HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD habits. If you talk with our ranchers you churches. OF MICHIGAN The workers' paradise that the Bolsheviks learn they are not spending in a normal and promised has evolved into a sp1r1tual waste usual manner because of a lack of con IN THE HOUSE OF REPR.F.SENTATIVES land and an economic basket case. The So fidence in the future of their business due Tuesday, April 27, 1976 viet Union ls the place you would never want to the proposed changes in BLM policy. to live in, but might want to visit-just once. A primary effect of this lack of confidence Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, dur and reduction of spending has multiplled ing the past year, I have spoken out on (and here we are dealing with multipliers) several occasions to express my strong in the economy of rural Nevada to the point reservations about the ext.ent to which that in spite of an expanding tourist trade, Congress is usurping control of the for THE PEOPLE IN RURAL NEVADA business activity ls quite generally depressed. Sales a.re down, collections a.re very slow, eign policy process. HON. JIM SANTINI inventories are reduced, businesses have fail It may seem out of character for the ed and others are falling, capital growth fs ranking minority member on the Com O'r NEVADA virtually non-existent, and as a result em mittee on International Relations to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ployment ls down (and unfortunately, again resist, but I sincerely question whether Tuesday, April 27, 1976 we are dealing with multipllers) all further we are serving the national interest in deepening the depressed conditions of this our rush to redress the balance and Mr. SANTINI. Mr. Speaker, recently a area. regain what some see as our rightful meeting was held in Elko, Nev., wherein This general reduction in economic activi share of the foreign policy action. Mr. Curt Berklund, Director of the BLM ties ls quite a. serious thing, for it deals di rectly with a person's opportunity to earn I think the American people, alarmed met with approximately 700 Nevadans to a living. I'm sure you understand this im at the drift toward confrontation be discuss the problems of the livestock use pact relates directly to a. person's or a. fam tween Congress and the Executive on of the public lands. At this meeting, Mr. ily's abllity to fulfill its needs. It relates di critical foreign policy matters, are com Dale Porter, a member of the city of Elko rectly to their abllity to realize their choice ing to share my doubts about the wisdom board of supervisors presented a state of life style. and effectiveness of congressional di ment not on behalf of the livestock indus A secondary, but important effect of these plomacy. try but on behalf of the people in rural depressed conditions, ls that local govern ments do not receive through fees, licenses The following editorial from the De Nevada. A very important message was and taxes---sales taxes etc., the monies re troit News of April 24 Points out that, communicated. The problems of our pub quired to fulfill the needs of the people. virtually alone among the major nations lic land grazers are not isolated fiscal To give you some typical examples: Elko City of the world, the United States allows concerns of a few. A depressed grazing has reduced services and has not budgeted itself the luxury of divided authority in industry creates negative reverberations one dime for capital improvement in the foreign policy. Unlike our allies and that are felt by all those residing in our coming year; Elko County has cut goods and services across the boa.rd; the school district, enemies, the United States is wllling to small counties and communities. This is with mostly fixed expenses, has reduced its sacrifice the ability to speak to the world a people problem and I would like to expenses to fit its funds by the elimination with a single voice. While democracy in share Mr. Porter's thoughts on the di of a number of educational programs-we the foreign policy arena has obvious mensions of this people problem with my are narrowing the educational opportunities long-term advantages, it can also cre House colleagues. of our young people. ate chaos and weakness in our diplo STATEMENT BY MR. DALE PORTER Unfortunately, we can severely compound macy if Congress and the President are Congressman Santini, Director Berklund, these adverse conditlons by prolonging this constantly bickering over major foreign distinguished panel, ladles and gentlemen: lack of confidence or worse yet, 1! the fears policy issues. My appearance here today ls not as a repre of the livestock industry are reallzed, all the people of rural Nevada are in for severe The following editorial is an excellent sentative of the livestock industry, nor am I summation of some of the dangers in here as a representative of the mining indus economic and social troubles. Not just the try. Rather, I am here to make a brief state livestock industry is involved with these herent in the diffusion of foreign policy ment on the impact of Federal land manage changes, even if we don't personally use the decisionmaking in this country. I com ment policies on the people of rural Nevada. land, with our economic base we are all mend it to the attention of my col I am a small business man in a small town directly related to the land. leagues: Most of today's agenda. will be spent in in Nevada, namely Elko; and I am also a IN ELECTION YEAR: FOREIGN POLICY CONTROL consideration of floral and fauna, cattle and member of the Elko City Council, and have BY CONGRESS HUB.TS UNITED STATES been so for the last seven years. sheep, horses and wildlife, rocks and min erals. But gentlemen, in your final consid Congress is giving strong indications in In the interest of time and in considera eration of how to direct and how to use this presidential election year that it has no tion for the length of today's agenda, my intention of abating its interference in the statement wm be brief. But I want you to your considerable influence, please also con· sider the people of rural Nevada. The people, conduct of foreign policy and, as a result, understand if time permitted the statement tensions between Congress and the White could be expanded, illustrated, enlightened, the very reason for the existence of govern ment. The people, the very reason for the House are llkely to intensify. If this ls so, and all supporting data supplied and verified. existence of regulatory agencies. the nation will suffer. As a resident of rural Nevada and a mem Consider very seriously these proposed Those who argue the issue usually do so ber of a local government body, I have be in a parochial way and seldom touch upon come quite concerned about the impact o! changes. Consider very seriously any drastic or sudden policy changes in times to come. the theory that American government, be drastic and sudden changes of land pollcles In deference to my personal viewpoint, con cause it functions with divided authority, by the BLM. To place this impact in its sider very seriously these changes for they is at a disadvantage with almost every other proper perspective, we need to understand directly affect my need for a profit, an in country in the world in the way 1t conducts that rural Nevada. is that great and vast land come; they affect the man I had to lay off its foreign relations. located North of Las Vegas and East of due to la.ck of work, and they affect his In parliamentary government, as in Britain Sparks, the great bulk of Nevada; and that family; and they even affect the educational and Canada, there is no uncertainty about the Uvestock industry is far and away the opportunities of my children. foreign policy because it ls promulgated by leading economic activity in rural Nevada. So think wisely and know that your de the prime minister and his cabinet and, For the pa.st several months local govern cisions are going to directly affect the life through strong party discipline, they carry ment units in rural Nevada have been put style or all the greait and good people of it through the legislative process with little ting together their budgets for the coming rural Nevada, not just our friends the rancher difficulty. fiscal year, and as they have progressed this and miner, but all the people. There ls certainly no ambivalence on for impact from recent BLM policy changes has In a news conference yesterday, Director eign policy matters among authoritarian na become more and more apparent. In spite of Berklund stated tha. t there are more people tions, be they Communist or right-wing mili- April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11477 tary dictatorships. Either the strong ma.n or Congress adopted a resolution admonish ordered, "to be very attentive to military the central committee fashions the pollcy ing, for the second time, "the settlers at discipline, and infllct exemplary punish and the dictates are immutable. Wyoming and the Susquehannah River, ment on all who sllall violate the mili As a result. foreign countries dealing with tary regulations established by Con parliamentary or authoritarian nations have as well as those under Pennsylvania as no diftlculty discerning their policies, which those under Connecticut, to cultivate gress." a.re clearly put and decisively made. There harmony, to consider themselves as On April 26, 1776, the Continental Con 1s a reliab111ty about their policies. which jointly interested in the event of the gress directed its Secret Committee t.o means they seldom have diftlculty with credi American cause, and not, by mutual acts replace the powder Conneoticut had bllity. of violence or oppression, to injure that loaned to Washington for the use of the In recent times, Congress has consistently union which so happily subsists between continental troops. The committee was muscled the White House on many foreign all the colonies, and on which their wel further instructed t.o consider the desir policy issues. This ls the legacy of Vietnam and Watergate. Congressmen-many of fare so much depends." The colonies of ability of exchanging powder which Con them-see this a.s an attempt to restore Connecticut and Pennsylvania both necticut had stored in Philadelphia, for powers they believe Congress once had, rather claimed the Wyoming Valley, a 25-mile powder which Congress had stored in than a revision of the power balance. stretch of the Susquehanna River, in some eastern ports. Because of the tug-of-war between White what is now Pennsylvania. Efforts by Still short of hard currency, Congress House and Congress. the country ls unable inhabitants of both colonies to settle that decided to send $50,000 to the committee to achieve a national consensus in foreign valley had resulted in several bloody of safety of Virginia in the hope that the policy. And that is only one of the disad clashes. committee could exchange the notes for vantages. The constant threat that Congress will On April 16, 1776, the Continental hard currency, which would then be de either revise or reject outright the agree Congress adopted a resolution requesting posited with continental treasurers. ments negotiated by the White House makes the council of safety of Maryland to the achievement of agreements that much arrest the Governor of the colony, Robert more diftlcult. Eden, because he was considered "highly For example, we do not know whether dangerous to the liberties of America." WORK SPACE FOR CONGRESS congress will approve the deals either to keep Congress acted after intercepting a letter or reopen the American bases in Greece or Turkey, surely an important and highly sen from Governor Eden to Lord Germain, HON. MAX S. BAUCUS Se~retary sitive issue In those countries. Greece and British of State for American OF MONTANA Colonies. However, the council considered Turkey have a signature but they still don't IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES know whether they have an agreement. the charges groundless and refused to Congressmen are poorly equipped to take act on the congressional request. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 responsibility for the final determination of The following month, Governor Eden Mr. BAUCUS. Mr. Speaker, I would these matters because they have no intimacy was asked to leave Maryland when it was with the negotiations and with the like to say a few words about the utiliza learned that the Crown had ordered him tion of congressional facilities and the negotiators. to support the British forces in the col congressmen also are swayed in their judg physical problems we have encountered ments. not by the national interest (which onies. He left for Great Britain in July. in trying to provide better constituent should prevail), but by the pressures of pol On April 17, 1776, anxious t.o service. These are matters of great per itics in their own voting districts. Congress strengthen and increase the size of the sonal concern to me. But first, I would men judge foreign policy from the parochial recently created navy, the Continental like to o:ff er my explanation as to why perspective. whereas foreign issues should Congress adopted a resolution instruct better service is needed. be judged solely in terms of the national ing the Marine Committee to recommend People are increasingly cynical about interest. the names of persons to be commissioned The President ls elected by a national con government. They tend to view govern officers. and to appoint warrant officers ment-in particular, the Federal Gov stituency, rather than the local electorate. for the frigates being built. The President must answer for what he ment-as one unmoving, relatively un does to the nation. He thinks in national The resolution also provided for pay responsive bureaucracy. In light of this terms. His judgments are national in nature. ment of an $8 bounty, "to the owner of increasing cynicism, it is increasingly He is therefore conditioned by his offtce to every American vessel for every able sea important that congressional represent deal with foreign policy from the viewpoint man that he shall import into the United atives be available to serve as ombuds of the country•s best Interests. Colonies, over and above the number said men to their constituents. In the jet age, a president travels vs.st vessel carried out; and that foreigners As all of my colleagues know. the prin distances for meetings of the principals, face importing able seamen over and above cipal job of the employes in a Member's to fa.ce. There 1s tremendous value 1n the sllip's company, and discharging summitry-but not if the president ls re office is to represent the best interests of duced to being a mere rapporteur for Con them in the American ports, shall be en individual constituents who have con gress. titled to that same bounty." tacted their Representative to express In order to improve crediblllty. get rid of Two hundred years ago, on April 19, concern about some aspect of the Fed ambiguity and present the world with a clear 1776, concerned about the growing un eral Government and its impact on their picture of what we stand for and what we rest among the Indians in the Middle lives. want, foreign policy should be concentrated Department, the Continental Congress I am deeply concerned that we are not 1n the offtce with the national constituency instructed Indian agent George Morgan providing the best kind of service to and that means the presidency. t.o stress its interest in their well-being, There remains room in this process for ad those constituents in seeing to it that vice from congress and the congressional and to "cultivate harmony and friend their interests are protected. The prob mechanism should be organized to do no ship between them" and the colonists. lem is not one of e:ffort on our part. In more and no less than offer that advice. Congress also urged Morgan to treat the deed, I cannot think of any place in the A nation cannot retain for very long a Indians kindly and, "inspire them with country where I have seen more dedicated leadership role in the world unless It is both the sentiments of Justice and humanity, hardworking sta:ff than you can find in clear and decisive. Today, the conduct of • • * dispose them to introduce the arts room 226 of the Cannon Building. American foreign policy is neither and the of civil and social llfe, and • • • encour No, the problem is not one of per foreign ministers who deal with us must feel age the residence of husbandmen and sonal energy, capacity, or organization. as 1! they are walking on a marble floor handicrafts men among them." Rather, to my mind, the problem is that covered with ball bearings. On April 23, 1776, the Continental Con Congress has failed to provide its staff gress approved several resolutions in with adequate working facilities in which tended to end the misconduct of Ameri to carry out their congressional mission. TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO TODAY can troops in Canada and assure the I would like to share with you this Canadians of the colonists' concern for morning my views as to exactly what is their welfare. Congress instructed the wrong with the physical environment in HON. CHARLES E. WIGGINS commission which it had earlier sent to the working areas of the House of Rep OF CALIFORNIA Canada to ask the Canadians to state resentatives and to identify, with my IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES their grievances, and to assure them that limited background and experience, the those grievances would be redressed and solutions I think that Congress should be Tuesday, April 27, 1976 the American offenders punished. To pre pursuing to deal with those problems. Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker. 200 years vent any more wrongdoing among his Let me say at this point that I con ago, on April 15. 1776, the Continental troops, the commanding o:fllcer was tinue to be opt1m1stic about what we can 11478 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 do in Congress. It is a great and vital in What I am getting to is this. Our office yards resemble Attica or Sing-Sing may stitution, but its greatness should not space is too small to accommodate the not be much of an exaggeration. Actu stand in the way of change, for many needs of a congressional office. We are ally, it might be an improvement to see fundamental improvements can be made using dedicated, intelligent people in people breaking rocks in the Cannon to the way we operate here. what I judge to be the most inefficient courtyard as, indeed, any sign of life THE PROBLEMS CAUSED BY THE PHYSICAL way Possible. It is inconceivable to me would be better than the lifeless view we ENVIRONMENT IN CONGRESS that any industry in the United States now have. The two major factors that I would would ever allow itself to operate so At the very least, some grass and trees like to focus on today are: First, poor foolishly. should be planted in the courtyards so utilization of space in congressional offi On the personal, human-interest side, that birds and, hopefully, people can re ces in general and my office in particu I must say that I am surprised that Con turn to it. lar; and second, the ineffective use of gress has not seen the formation of an SOLUTIONS space in the interior courtyard of the employee union. We do not provide the I have several thoughts as to what can Cannon Building. staffs with recreation facilities-indeed, be done to improve the situation that I would like first to identify certain I understand you cannot even get per exists now with our physical space in the problems within each of the two areas mission from Buildings and Grounds to Cannon and Longworth Buildings. and then to suggest some solutions that throw a softball on the Capitol Hill lawn. First, some months ago I obtained might be followed to deal with those Moreover, we expect our employees to from the Architect of the Capitol the problems. Probably the most acute prob work far beyond the normal 40-hour plans for my office space and the inner lem in the organization of congressional week and under conditions that are rem courtyard. I sent these plans to Montana office space is that people are too iniscent of turn-of-the-century sweat State University's Architectural School crowded together. For example, I have a shops. In short, I think we have been with a request that its students use them three-room suite, as all Members of the lucky to avoid a full-scale strike. in a design project to identify alterna House of Representatives are entitled to. But I do not wish to devote myself ex tive uses. My suite is divided in the following man clusively to an elaboration of congres Second, I have written the chairman ner. I have one room to myself, which I sional problems, both physical and per of the Committee on House Administra believe I need for thinking, writing, and sonal. Rather, I would like to outline a tion urging that platforms be built in the meeting constituents in private. The few of my thoughts on what we can do to Cannon House office rooms as a means other two rooms are used by my staff. improve the situation. of increasing the floor space available. The first room has five full-time staff, First, I think it is essential to identify Third, I have conversed at length with while the second has seven. In addition, certain criteria or standards that must my staff and my colleagues about the at any given time, there are from 3 to be met if we are to have satisfactory criteria that should be followed for im 10 additional volunteer staff who :float utilization of the physical space available proving House office space. These conver around the two rooms looking for an to us. Among the criteria I think we sations were prompted by the House's open desk and chair to light upon. should concentrate on are the following: aborted plan to take the Madison Build The rooms are not big, as I am sure Adequate provision of electrical sys ing from the Library of Congress. Cer all of you are painfully aware of. For the tems to accommodate in the same room tain information developed during the staff, there is roughly 800 square feet, computer, duplicating, and other electri debate over whether or not to take the which is allocated roughly on a gross cal communication equipment that is Madison Building convinced me that basis of 50 square feet per person used with increasing frequency in today's such a move would be a foolish expedi roughly one-half of the minimum safety modern, technological world; ent, for that building was designed to be requirements recommended by indus Adequate physical protection-both a library storage space and it should trial standards. auditory and visual-for word processing not nor cannot be converted into decent In addition to a surplus of people in too equipment, which is increasingly loud, office space. small a space, there is the additional messy, and generally very distracting; The debate over the Madison Building problem that there is no physical relief Space to hold conferences among staff takeover convinced me that we need to provided to separate people. On a typical have far better planning for physical fa day in my office, the following situation and constituents, where papers can be laid on tables and discussions can be held cilities in Congress. We must take into can be found. Six or eight of my staff wlll account the distance and time it takes sit in a room without any partitions to in groups of three or more on Polley issues that may require lengthy consid Members to travel from their office to the provide the visual and auditory relief floor of the House for a vote. We must they need to provide privacy and to in eration; Space to store and to have readily take into account the substantial costs crease their productivity. Some of the both in time and money-involved in staff will dictate out loud, while others available the large batches of printed constructing new office space. We must will talk on the phone and still others materials that are the lifeblood of con gressional offices; consider the most sensible uses of the will meet with constituents. The remain space now available to us, including im ing staff, who will be trying to think as Space for interns and volunteers to provements in energy efficiency, as well they read or write, will find it almost im work and to store their materials in a as optimizing the vast, unused space that possible to work-except perhaps with way that can be readily identified as now exists in the three existing House the use of blindfolds and earplugs. their own; office buildings. The :flow of traffic in our offices is also Space to prepare for dissemination of In light of the above, I was most en most inefficient and frustrating. Literally large batches of material-for example, couraged to learn about a recent pro scores of person-hours are lost each folding, collating, sorting, sealing, and so posal by the House Task Force on Facili month during the time when people are forth; and ties and Utilization of Space to expand either waiting for file drawers and desk Finally, and most important, space the space in the Cannon and Longworth drawers to be closed or other impedi that is private from visual and auditory Buildings by building in the interior ments to be moved so that they can disturbance for congressional staff to courtyards. It strikes me as eminently travel from one side of the room to think, write, and otherwise carry out sensible to use the inner courtyards of another. their duties of office. these buildings as platforms for addi As I hinted above, there is very little Another minor problem in the use of tional office space, provided that space is room for gues~not to mention space physical space of congressional fac111ties designed well, both 1n terms of the ef for storing materials or hanging coats. is the inner courtyard in the Cannon ficiency and in terms of visual effect. I Finally, staff overcrowding constitutes and Longworth Bulldings. It puzzles me understand that the architect of. the a real health hazard during the fiu sea how Congress can pass laws promoting a Ford Building in New York City has son. Two months ago the fiu bug ran better use of the environment and then commented favorably upon the task through the second fioor of the Cannon keep its own physical facilities in such force's plans, and I am most encouraged building like a raging fire, infecting one a stark manner. When I return from a by that, as I consider that building to be office after another. Never have I seen vote on the floor, I find it unpleasant to one of the finest in America. staff so insistent that their infected col closet myself in an office overlooking the Hopefully, the plans now being dis leagues go home, lest the flu bug be gray, grim space that is the inner court cussed within the task force will receive extended. yard in Cannon. To say that our court- wide discussion among my House col- April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11479 agers (some of them currently working on a CHANGING UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS LAW leagues and will receive serious consider slmilar expansion of the California State Is No EAsY JOB ation by the various committees that House in Sacramento) testified that the pro (By Ray Richard) have jurisdiction over these issues. I, for posal is entirely feasible and could be built Gov. Michael S. Dukakls's proposals to one, am willing to make the sacrifice to in a much shorter time and for less money change the state's unemployment insurance permit construction to ensue, even while than either of two new buildings the Archi la.w a.re under attack from business as well we try to carry out our congressional re tect of the Capitol ls considering. One of as labor. sponsibilities in adjoining office space. these would cost $124 mlllion a.nd would be Organized labor calls them "a total dis If the information I have had at my located south of the Madison Library. It aster" and vows to fight them "with every disPosal is correct, improvements can be would require bulldozing numerous build ounce of energy we've got.'' made to Cannon and Longworth that ings, including the new Republican National The Associated Industries of Massa.chu Committee headquarters. The other would stees (AIM), representing business and in would double the office space now avail cost $91 million and replace the Congres dustries throughout the state, "strongly op able for half of the cost and in half of sional Hotel. poses" one of the governor's 20 recommenda the time that it would otherwise take to Both proposals a.re meeting stiff opposition tions, a proposed increase in unemployment provide comparable space with a new from Capitol Hlll residents who don't want compensation ta.x payments, and dislikes building. Moreover, the proposed new their neighborhood disrupted. There ls no at least four others. space in Cannon and Longworth would question that bullding into the courtyards "Everybody's mad at some pa.rt of the pack be located close to the floor and would of the old ones also causes disruptions. But age" says a source close to the Legislature's otherwise meet the various criteria I out construction managers who build new addi leadership. tions to old hospitals, have learned to reduce The most optimistic prediction which Allan lined above. noise, dust and vibration. We hope the task S. Johnson, legislative director for Duka.kls I do hope that Congress will move force and lts pa.rent organization, the House wowd make was that "pa.rt of them have ~ quickly and deliberately in acting on the Commission on Information and Facilities, shot at getting passed this year" and others problems I have been discussing today. will promptly endorse the proposa.l and that might have to wait another year. In closing, I would like to insert a re the House wlll soon vote the funds to study John D. Crosier, director of the state Divi cent editorial from the Washington Post lt in detail. sion of Employment Security (DES), which commenting on the physical space prob The most important advantage of adding administers the unemployment insurance to the old buildings rather than building program, said it was too difficult to speculate lems in Congress: new ones, in our view, was stated by Kevin on what would happen to the proposals. The (From the Washington Post, April 16, 1976] Roche, one of the country's lea.ding archi proposals, which he helped develop, wlll un WORK SPACE FOR CONGRESS tects and a. member of Washington's Fine dergo formal legislative scrutiny at a public Behind the marble face.des of the Con Arts Commission: hearing expected in about a. week. gressional om.ce buildings, some 10,000 people "In a. time when the country is finally com In announcing the changes, Dukakls said work under chaotic conditions which, in the ing to realize the worth and value of its they were necessary to restore the program's words of Rep. Thomas S. Foley (D-Wa.sh.) existing historica.l structures, it would place fiscal ablllty, provide more efficient admin "border on the inhuman." The crowding is the House in the forefront of those institu istration of it, and reduce the number of ba.d enough in the Senate offices. But with tions which a.re expanding not by tea.ring a.buses. completion of the third Senate office build down the existing fa.bric of our cities, but His proposals call for the first major ing (billed a.s an annex to the Dirksen build by working within it and restoring and en changes in the unemployment insurance law ing). there is at least some light a.t the end richin2 what we a.Iready have.'' since it was passed in 1935. of those depressing corridors. On the House James P. Loughlin, secretary-treasurer ot side, the situation seems worse. Two of the the Massachusetts State Labor Council, AFL three House office buildings--Cannon and CIO, said la.st Friday: "We want no pa.rt of Longworth-are so overloaded with office ma it. How can we a.s a. labor organization? It chinery, poorly planned store rooms and ever BAY STATE SUGGESTS IMPROVE hurts every working person, not just orga more wiring that they constitute fire haz nized labor." ards. Designed for one and two staff aides MENTS IN UNEMPLOYMENT COM He said labor most strenuously object to for ea.ch representative, they a.re now pa.eked PENSATION PROGRAM provisions of the plan affecting unemployed with ten or twelve. This gives every office people. worker an average of 36 square feet of space. Duka.kls recommended that persons col Industrla.l bullding codes recommend 120 to HON. J. J. PICKLE lecting unemployment insurance who turn 150 square feet per person. The Rayburn OF TEXAS down what the DES deems a "suitable job" building, completed in 1965, ts, of course, be disqualified from unemployment benefits more modern, but so badly designed thai IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES indefinitely, or until they a.re employed a.gain working conditions are only slightly better. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 for at least four weeks and then lose thel? A few days ago, Rep. Elizabeth Holtzman jobs for "non-disqualifying reasons." Persons (D-N.Y.) ca.me forward with a brllllant idea.. Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, the great collecting benefits for extended periods might The Holtzman proposal, worked out by Davis State of Massachusetts has long been be required to take jobs paying less than Buckley, a.n architect, urba.nist and member known for its forward-looking approach what they formerly had earned, under Du of the House om.ce space task force which on our most difficult social problems. kakis's plans. Rep. Holtzman heads, would place the need And certainly few problems today "What constitutes a. 'suitable job'?" ed additional oftlces in the courtyards of Loughlin asked. "Who's going to decide?" the Cannon and Longworth bulld1ngs. This bother this Nation as much as that of The job could well put a. person deeper in would yield 400,000 square feet in the former unemployment. One reason we have been his financial hole than would be the case if and 167,000 square feet in the latter bullding, able to weather this economic storm of he waited until he found a. better job, twice as much useable work space as these the last 18 months has been the unem Loughlin added. buildings now hold. The new structures ployment insurance program. But few Labor is equally irate, he said over Duka. would not fill the entire courtyards which, would deny that serious problems have kis's failure to request repeal of'a law which although they were once landscaped, now developed within this once sound insur went into effect la.st January disqualifying offer nothing more pleasant to look at than ance system. Fortunately, Massachu indefinitely persons who "voluntarily quit" the ugly roofs of a parking garage and cafe their jobs. teria. respectively. setts, who numbers among its leaders The law says such persons a.re disqualified The idea ls to enclose the courts with glass the son of our esteemed majority leader if they were separated from their work roofs and build free-standing, lithe and open as its Lieutenant Governor-the Honor "without good ca.use attributable" to the office structures under them. In the hands of able Thomas O'N elll-has confronted employer. Loughlin says this is unfair. "If an a capable architect, these insertions, adorned this troublesome situation head on. employer wants to get rid of you, he can. He with plants and flooded with daylight, might can make your job a. grind, and a guy can well become efficient and cheerful working Later this year, this body will examine take only so much. Then, if he has any red environments. The new space would, of legislation which will extend the difficul blood in him, he's going to tell management course, not be visible from the street and in ties inherent in the unemployment com t.o shove it. But when he does, where can he no way alter the traditional facades of the pensation field. The recommendations go?" old buildings. The new omces would be as made by a study commission in Massa Industry, according to spokesmen for the close to the House chamber and committee AIM, strongly objects to Dukakls's plan to rooms as the present one. No new building, chusetts are steps in the right direction. raise the salary amount for every employee however, can replace the need for a thorough I enclose a couple of articles from the upon which a firm's payment to the unem overhaul of oftlce and management proced Boston Globe of April 5, 1976, which de ployment insurane& fund is based. ures. tail the good work done by that State's "It's a question of tllning,'' says Walter As to the buildings, a number of prominent Muther, general counsel for the association. architects, engineers and construction man- study group. 11480 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 "It's a little premature. It could croak all that automatically lead to being laid off-and Her mother, incidentally, is the water kinds of marginal businesses." then qualify them for extended payments. safety program chairman for the Kan Dukakis, noting that the state already has The additional problem of tacit agree sas High Plains Red Cross Chapter in borrowed $265 million from the Federal gov ments between employers and employees ernment to help pay unemployment benefits, that lead to a pattern of work-for-awhile, Dodge City. wants to slow the growth of that debt and get-benefits-for-awhile is attacked through Scarcely 2 weeks later, on August 10, eventually pay it off. increases in the levies against those employ Marcia Dryden, also a Red Cross life The taxable base is now the first $4200 each ers with high claim ratios among former saver, was working as a lifeguard at the worker earns. Dukakis proposes that the base employees. In fact, as matters now stand, American Legion Pool in Dodge City. be raised by $600 during each of the next low-turnover employers subsidize the bene Suddenly, a young boy alerted her to a three years, increasing it to $6000 in 1979. fits paid workers in high-turnover fields, and diver who had injured himself and was AIM, anticipating a Federal law requiring at may be said to subsidize those employers. least that minimum in another year, wants The higher levies cannot end that practice unable to surface. Diving into the pool, to wait until such a law is passed to keep but should place at least some of the burden Marcia pulled the man to poolside, Massachusetts from losing ground competi on those responsible for it. placed him on his side to expel water tively with industry in states which don't Since there is noticeable hostlllty to wide and began mouth-to-mouth resuscita have to pay such heavy unemployment in spread benefits being paid when there are tion. surance contributions. many jobs-including low-salary jobs-that Marcia, a junior at Dodge City High, is The Increase the first year would cost $49 cannot be filled, the task force has recom the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Richard million to Massachusetts businesses. This in mended refusal of benefits when unemployed Dryden. She is only 16 old. crease on top of other tax increases, higher persons refuse suitable work. This provision, years energy costs and other financial burdens not surprisingly, was part of the basis for a These young women have been an in being heaped on the state's industry, says minority report by the task force opposing spiration to me as well as the people of James Sleed, public relations director for the many elements of the majority position. Dodge City and the American Red Cross AIM, could drive business out of the state. But both sides did agree on a new review who bestowed upon them its highest The AIM says it also objects to these other board approach for handling individual com award. I was very proud to be a part recommendations by Dukakis: plaints about suitability and other issues of of the ceremony which honored them. Employers report quarterly the wage earn qualification for benefits. This would seem ings of every worker. Now they report earn to be a minimum step, given the general ings only of workers seeking unemployment trend toward ousting individuals from the benefits. system. Workers' benefits would be based on earn While one might argue about any specific THE ABORTION CONTROVERSY ings in the first four of the last five com detail of the task force's recommendations, pleted quarters. A person who lost his job in it ts an honest attempt to deal with the HON. JOHN Y. McCOLLISTER the uncompleted sixth quarter, AIM argues, marginal situations in which individuals and might be deprived of benefits based on higher employers exploit the system at the ex OJI' NEBRASKA earnings during that period. pense of others. It is clear that reform ls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Employers be assessed directly charges for needed and the Legislature should give care Tuesday, April 27, 1976 benefits paid to their former workers unem ful thought to the implications of the re ployed after the basic 30 weeks. Now it comes port. There will be ample opportunity to cor Mr. MCCOLLISTER. Mr. Speaker. out of a pool. rect problems that may grow out of its im since February 4, 1976, the House Sub plementation, but the time has come to try new ideas. committee on Civil and Constitutional REFORM JOBLESS BENEFITS Rights of the Judiciary Committee has It is an unfortunate but incontrovertible held hearings on the abortion contro fact that the state's unemployment com versy. I welcome these hearings as an im pensation system had a surplus reserve of portant first step in addressing the many $377 million in 1970 and that it was in debt YOUNG HEROES by $138 milllon e.t the end of 1975. If the cur important questions involved in the rent trend continues, a special task force abortion debate. I have strong feelings has estimated, the system will be in debt to . HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS on the issue and submitted to the sub the tune of $1 billion by 1980. Gr KANSAS committee a statement outlining my Given those facts, some kind of reform ls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES views. I am presenting my position here obviously necessary. today so that it may be part of the public There is some reason to hope that the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 past five years have not been typical. The record. nation and the state have gone through Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, these STATEMENT OF JOHN Y. MCCOLLISTER and to some extent e.re still going through days when we hear about young people, I am pleased that the House Subcommit the worst recession in 40 years. The unem we seldom hear about the good they are tee of Clvll and Constitutional Rights ts ployment rate here ls in excess of 10 percent doing. At this time, I would like to pay holding hearings on the abortion issue. We and four-fifths of that group, about 230,000 special tribute to two young women from need the benefit of these hearings 1n which individuals, are currently drawing benefits. the views of the best Constitutional lawyers, Economic recovery would obviously be a big Dodge City, Kans., Miss Marcia Dryden medical scientists and theologians can be help. and Miss Cindy Lou Thoman for their recorded and evaluated. But the basic system, especially its base lifesaving efforts. Last summer, each of It is my opinion that life begins at the for collecting revenues, ls in need of over them was credited with saving the life of moment of conception and that abortion is haul. The task force, with Divlsion of Em a swimmer. the killing of an innocent human being. I ployment Security Chairman John Crozler Saturday, I had the privilege of pre do believe, however, that an abortion should as chairman, has made a sensible series of senting each of them with the American be permitted in order to save the mother's suggestions calllng for increasing payments Red Cross Certificate of Merit. The cer life. For these reasons, I have co-sponsored into the system by increasing the base pay the Human Life Amendment, H.J. Res. 132 subject to levy to $6000 from the current tificate is the highest award given by the by Congressman Oberstar which ls now before $4200 in three one-year stages. American Red Cross to a person who your Subcommittee. The far more complex question attacked saves a life by using skills learned in a Since the landmark decisions, Roe v. Wade by the task force and presumably due for volunteer safety program in first aid and and Doe v. Bolton, by the Supreme Court in review by the Legislature ls the matter of water safety. January of 1973, the abortion issue has in jobless benefits. Last year the Legislature On July 28, 1975, Miss Thoman, a Red creasingly developed into a national debate ended benefits for persons who voluntarily Cross lifesaver, was on duty as a life with strong emotional overtones. It ls an is quit their jobs. That seemed to combine a sue that you as Members of this Subcommit natural desire to save money with the legis guard at Wright Park pool, when a man tee and the entire House membership must lative expression of broadened public hostll- began pointing excitedly toward the address openly and decisively. I'm sure many ity to money assistance programs. pool's bottom where his brother was Members would prefer that the issue would The task force has attempted to deal with lying motionless. Immediately, she dived go away. But unlike aborting a. child, we several related problems. It has proposed into the pool to recover the victim. After cannot "abort" the abortion issue. tightening the requirements for qualification recovering the swimmer, she placed him I believe that the medical evidence is !or unemployment benefits, partly by shift overwhelmingly clear that life does begin at ing to a stipulation that applicants have on the pool deck and opened an airway so conception. In the first month of life, growth worked for at least 15 weeks a year in mouth-to-mouth resuscitation could be and development are rapid and dynamic. The addition to the existing standard of mini used. central nervous system sees its most im mum earnings of $1200. This ts directed at Miss Thomas is 19 years old and is the portant growth spurt, and the rhythmic con those persons who seek out seasonal jobs daughter of Mr. and Mrs. IJoyd Thoman. tractions of the heart begin. The primitive April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11481 skeletal system has completely developed AMERICANS OPI'IMISTIC ABOUT th.e Government, like any business or by the end of the sixth week, and the electro THE NATION'S ECONOMY household, must live within its means. encephalogram has detected bra.in waves as The President, through the exercise of early as 43 days. During the sixth and. seventh his veto authority and with the backing weeks, the nerves and muscles begin work HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL of a courageous minority, has proven ing together for the first time, and the lips OF NORTH CAROLINA become sensitive to touch. By the seventh that economic stability is a result of fis week of life, the child's shape and form ts un IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cal responsibility. mistakably human. He now has all the inter Tuesday, April 27, 1976 It was just over a year ago that lead nal organs of the adult. Growth will con ing economic advisers for the majority, tinue until he reaches the age 25-27 years. Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, recent with the support of George Meany, were If this is not life, then what is it? samplings of public opinion show that 1n demanding a Federal deficit of $100 bil The crux of the whole controversy centers the last 6 months the American people lion or more. Indeed, they openly pre around what moral value this life possesses have become significantlY more optimis dicted that without economic stimulus and to what extent the law of our country should extend protection to that life. Until tic about the future of our Nation's of this degree our economy would col three years ago, American law gave the bene economy. This rising optimism is ob lapse and unemployment would rise to 10 fit of every doubt to the existence and con viously a result of a continuing positive percent or more. The traditional major tinuation of the unborn child's life. The performance by our leading economic ity argument of "spend your way to pros Supreme Court decision turned the law up indicators. Unemployment is declln.ing perity" was advocated at every public side down. The rights of these unborn chil at a rate exceeding even the most forum. Fortunately, as a result of a deter dren a.re now being ignored. The Court was optimistic predictions. The gross na mined President and a coalition of fiscal unequivocal on the issue of whether or not the fetus is a "person" within the language tional product continues to show sub conservatives in the Congress, lll-con and meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment. stantial quarterly growth. Inflation dur ceived multibillion dollar programs of The Court concluded," ... the word 'person', ing the month of March has been re fered in the name of economic stimulus as used in the Fourteenth Amendment, does duced to an amazing 2.9 annual percent were defeated. not include the unborn." However, there age rate. While even the most optimistic We can point with pride at the prog appeared no doubt, in the majority's opinion, forecaster would not argue that our pres ress we have made by following a pol as to what the legal effect of fetal person ent inflation rate can be maintained, it icy of restraint, and yet only last week hood would have on the case: "if this sug is undeniable that we have slowed the Mr. gestion of personhood is established, the ap Meany publicly denounced the Presi pellant's case, of course, collapses, for the rate of inflation to the lowest level of dent for having wrecked our economy. To fetus' right to life is then guaranteed specif any industrialized nation in the world. the millions of Americans who have re ically by the Fourteenth Amendment." Millions of American families su1fered turned to work, to the millions who have Such a moral pronouncement by the Court, bitterly during our recent recession. seen their purchasing power stabilized, I believe, seems to disregard the medical evi That harsh experience has resulted 1n a to the millions who have seen their in dence regarding the existence of life, and considerable reappraisal by the Ameri vestments grow with the stock market, the legal aspects, especially the law of torts, can people of the role of Government in Mr. Meany's blustering sounds like sour which is prejudiced in favor of the unborn child. In several cases, women of the Jeho our Nation's economy. Indeed, samplings grapes from a tired old man whose eco vah 's Witnesses faith who refused to have of public opinion indicate that, while nomic philosophy has been discredited by blood transfusions to save the llves of their the American people are more optimis the undeniable statistics of a remarkable unborn children were forced by the courts tic, they are also more conservative. economic recovery. to do so. Historically, common law has ac As we begin our debate on this first I would appeal to you, as we begin knowledged the rights of the unborn chil budget resolution, I would urge my col deliberation of this budget resolution, to dren by granting a stay of execution to preg leagues to heed this new economic con exercise the discipline and restraint that nant women so that the child could live. The unborn child can also be the beneficiary servatism. The American people have the American worker has been forced to of a trust or inheritance. begun to comprehend as never before exercise during the past 24 months, as The abortion issue is so very important, so the impact of the Federal Government millions of Americans were forced to live controversial and yet so fundamental to the on our Nation's economy. They have within evermore confining budgetary basic structure of our civilized and humane begun to more fully comprehend that restraints. society. Yet, since the Court decision, we Government regulation has added bil The Federal Government has, to a have seen a weakening in the baste values of lions of dollars to consumer product great degree, escaped the ravages of the life. The weakening of these values, of course, can not be solely attributed to the abortion cost. They have begun to comprehend recession, because even though the Gov decision. In fact, there is a much greater, un more fully that excessive Government ernment's purchasing power was declin derlying problem. Amid our material amu borrowing in competition with private ing, it's income was increasing as a result ence, we are experiencing a deterioration of borrowers was a major reason for the of an increased tax burden on the Amer those personal values held by our people that high interest rates we were experiencing ican people. These increased taxes were made us great. Broken homes, deserted fam 15 months ago. Most importantly of all, not imposed by a vote of Congress, but illes, empty churches and lines at X-rated they have faced up to the undeniable as a result of most Americans being movies are signs of the times. Consequently, truth that expansion of the Nation's pushed into higher income tax brackets we've seen over the pa.st ten years, mush rooming illegitimate births and abortions. money supply to help the Government due to the infiationary spiral. Indeed, Should the unborn child be the scapegoat of pay its bills severely cheapened our cur during 1974-75 taxes went up faster than our declining morality? The Center for Dis rency and fueled inflation. any other major item in the average ease Control reports that legal abortions have Our Nation's housewives, our Nation's American's budget. Recognizing that increased dramatically over the several years: laboring men and women, realize that Government is taking a larger share o! from 193,491 in 1970 to 763,476 in 1974. These as inflation raced to 12 percent, their their earnings, an increasing number of are the most current governmental figures. purchasing power plummeted. The full Americans are demanding that the Gov The Planned Parenthood Federation esti mates that the figure reached 1 million in effects of a massive recession have been ernment start to live within its increased 1975. felt by our people and they do not want revenues. There are many people who disagree with a repeat of that disastrous economic The President has proposed a program my views. I respect their feelings and would cycle. Those of us who will debate and for balancing the Federal budget in the hope that they, in turn, respect mine. But I consider this budget resolution will de next 3 years. He is keenly aware that if strongly believe that what has happened termine to a great degree whether or we are unwilling to slow down the growth i::lnce the Court decision is wrong and counter not our recovery will continue, or of Government, we will be condemned to to the basic principles that are adhered to by a humane and civ111zed society. I'm grate whether we will unleash again the twin relive the economic horrors of a year ful that the distinguished Chairman of the evils of inflation and recession. ago. For 15 of the last 16 years, Congress Subcommittee, Mr. Edwards, is holding these My mail reflects the new economic has refused to live within its means. hearings to begin evaluating the . §.PPl"OXi conservatism which is growing in our Defying even Keynesian economic doc mately 50 bllls pending for consn'leration. land, and frankly I am delighted. For trine, we have had Federal deficits when What is done by this Subcommittee today, years there has been a dedicated minor the economy was strong, as well as when and hopefully by the Congress, will deter ity in the Congress that not only it was weak. mine in large pa.rt the gains our society will preached fiscal responsibility, but voted We have followed a path of fiscal prof- make in the future with respect to preserving and protecting the sanctity of life which all the same way. Now, at last we are ligacy that has been emulated by our of us have in common. winning converts to the philosophy that major cities such as New York and De- 11482 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 Anthony Athanas, a newly arrived Al troit, and the result is that these great of the Federal Government. We can be to banian immigrant, had his first job in the metropolises are hovering on the brink gin today make the harsh but essen foodservice business at the age of 13 in New of bankruptcy. The Federal Government tial decisions of living within our means. Bedford, Massachusetts. At 16, he went to has been able to avoid the near bank We can resist the siren song of costly New York City to start fires for the chefs ruptcy of New York only because the and ineffective Government-adminis there. Soon after his father died, Anthony, Government has a printing press and tered job programs and turn instead to then 18, returned to his family in New Bed can produce more money to spend. The a policy of returning money to this Na ford where he had the responsibility o! rais tion's working men and women to spend ing three sisters and a brother. result, of course, has been several years In his early 20's he moved to Boston and of runaway inflation only now being according to their individual and per worked in various restaurants and hotels in brought under control as a result of the sonal priorities. The result will be a far both the front and back of the house. Sum restraint imposed on the Congress by a more effective stimulation of jobs crea mers during this period were spent at the determined minority and a strong-willed tion, because the jobs will be created Mayflower Hotel in Hyannis where he was in President. where the consuming public needs them. charge of the dining room and kitchen. The harsh facts of the Congress past The jobs thus created will be long-term In 1937, Athanas bought a restaurant in irresponsibility are better known to the and productive, not costly Government Lynn, Massachusetts, with a down payment make-work projects. of $1,000 he had saved toward the total cost public today than ever before. These o! $5,000. The first year, he grossed $20,000 facts include a Federal deficit grown to We can in this debate begin the proc and within five years, he was grossing $600 billion and daily interest payments ess of restoring economic independence $250,000. on the debt exceeding $100 million per to the American people, and stability to Today, there are five Widely known Athanas day. I believe the American people who our economy overall. I urge my col restaurants. had to make hard decisions on spend leagues to elect this course and to pursue He is active in many civic, charitable and ing priorities as a result of declining it vigorously and boldly. industry associations. Anthony Athanas ls purchase power and perhaps unemploy an honorary director of the National Restau rant Association and has served as treasurer ment expect Congress to start making and a member of the board of directors of some hard decisions. the association. Mr. Athanas is a trustee of The major decision they expect of us RESTAURATEUR OF THE YEAR the U.S.S. Constitution Museum Foundation, is to immediately get control of the a director of the American Cancer Society, growth of Government. They expect us and a trustee o! the National Institute !or HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER the Foodservice Industry. He serves as a secondly to move toward a balanced OF llrlASSACHUSETTS budget. Government in recent years has member o! the committee to visit Harvard IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES University food services for the Harvard Col taken an ever larger share of our gross lege Board of Overseers. national product. Some predictions in Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Mr. Athanas is a past president o! the clude the projection that if present Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr. Massachusetts Restaurant Association and trends continue, government at all levels Speaker, when the National Restaurant the Lynn Chamber ot Commerce. Mr. Athan will consume better than 50 percent of Association holds its annual meeting next as received the Golder Door Award of our gross national product by the year the International Institute o! Boston in 1972, month in Chicago they will name An the Silver Plate Award of the International 2000. thony Athanas, the head of Anthony's Sylvia Porter in a recent column de Foodservice Manufacturers Association in Pier Four Restaurant in Boston as "Res 1970, and the Massachusetts Restaurateur of scribes how the average American work taurateur of the Year." Tony Athanas is the Year Award in 1957. He has received the er-taxpayer will spend the first 4 months truly deserving of the honor. Holiday Magazine Award for several years. of this year working for the Govern His restaurant is known throughout He received an honorary degree o! doctor ment, rather than for himself or her New England for its fine food and excel of humanities from Portia Law School, Cal self. This is based on research compiled vin Coolidge College, in Boston, in 1967. lent service in a warm and friendly at In recognition of his untiring and dedi by the New York-based Tax Foundation. mosphere which is the perfect setting for In recent years, Government has more cated efi'orts on behalf of the food.service a good meal. industry, be it resolved that Mr. Anthony and more taken over the responsibility Tony Athanas• restaurant is full of old Athanas, president of Anthony's Pier Four for determining how Americans spend world charm which is a reflection of its Restaurant in Boston, Massachusetts, be their money. Government every day de owner's attitude toward his guests, and named "Restaurateur of the Year", to receive cides for American consumers what his deep desire to provide them with out this award from the National Restaurant their spending priorities are. I believe standing service. His style is worthy of Association on May 23, 1976, during the the American people want to begin to course of their annual convention in Chica.go, emulation. Illinois. make more of these spending determi Tony is truly qualified for the honor nations. I believe we must wake up to which will be paid him by the National the fact that Government spending is Restaurant Association. His selection is KEYHOLE-PEEPING JOURNALISM not the only spending that provides as much a tribute to their outstanding stimulus for the economy. Consumer judgment as it is recognition of his work. spending will stimulate the economy I have known Tony for many years and HON. PAUL FINDLEY just as well, if not better. I am proud to join with the National Res OJ' ILLINOIS That is the reason I have supported taurant Association in honoring him. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES increased tax cuts and lower spending The people of Massachusetts, and par Tuesday, April 27, 1976 levels-in order to put the money back ticularly Boston, take great pride in the in the pockets of the working people distinction Tony Athanas has brought to Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the ap who earned it and allow them to decide them through his businesses, and share praisal of the smalltown press may echo their own buying and spending priori with him, his family and friends the joy that of the big cities. At least, the view ties. The arrogance that exists in Wash and satisfaction of this latest honor. set forth in the Pike Press, Pittsfield, Ill., ington, that Government knows better The National Restaurant Association's of the work of the Woodward-Bernstein how to budget a family's income than Board of Directors has adopted a resolu journalistic team parallels that of sev does the wage earner, smacks of an elit tion naming Tony Athanas as "Restau eral national commentators I have heard. ist authoritarian government philosophy rateur of the Year," and I include it here It also matches my own opinion. from which the American people freed in my remarks and commend it to the at- Here is the text as published April 14, themselves 200 years ago. Today our tention of my colleagues: which is the handiwork of Allan A. Seiler, people's economic freedom is not so RESOLUTION HONORING ANTHONY ATHAN.AS editor of the Pike Press: much threatened by foreign govern It is fitting that we, the members of the WATERGATE'S MOVD ments, as by those who write our own Nation's largest service industry, should This tpace 1s seldom used for movte re Nation's laws. honor Anthony Athanas, a man who epit views, but this week 1s an exception. We can remove that threat and re omizes in his personal and his business Sunday night we went to see ..All the verse the trend of Government domina lives, our industry's dedication to service. President's Men," the motion picture made Anthony Athana.s is living testimony of the from the book by two Washington Post re• tion of individual economic decisions by strength and vitality of our Nation. His rec porters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, determining during this debate to slow ord of achievement ls proof that America about the Watergate break-in and an the down the seemtngly inexorable growth ls indeed the land of opportunity. attendant cover-up and skullduggery. April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11483
It's the only movie we've ever seen about down nuclear proliferation. At this time, RisE IN BmTH DEFECTS LAm TO JOB HAzARDS the newspaper trade that didn't have char I would like to share with my colleagues (By David Burnham) acters yelling "stop the presses" or talking this editorial questioning the advisability about "scoops" or wearing their hats in a WASHINGTON, March 13.-A growing aware dilapidated news room. of sharing this type of technology and in ness that hazards in work may damage the We've never been inside the Washington formation with the private sector of the reproductive process of women and, appar Post, but we'd guess that the workaday American economy: ently to a lesser degree, men, has confronted world there looks about the same as it does HOLD DowN NUCLEAB RISK government, business and labor with an array of new and ditficult ethical, legal and in the movie--a kind of "disorganized sys (From the Cleveland Plain Dealer) tem" that typifies all newspaper otfices, large constitutional. questions. It would be a mistake to allow private in or small. The questions have been raised by studies Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman, as dustry to build and run new uranium en indicating that chemicals and other hazards the young reporters, perform their part.a richment factories. That would relinquish the faced by women working in such places as with believable honesty. Methodical, persist federal government's hold on secret tech hospitals, beauty parlors and factories may ent, unsure at times. They portray the activ nology and on dangerous nucleai" materials. account for an increasing number of the tens ity of news gathering, and especially inves President Ford wants private industry let of thousands of miscarriages and birth de 1n on the job. He contends that would leave tigative reporting, for what it is-plain ~ard fects that occur each year ln the United federal funds for other energy projects, but States. work. his plan has drawbacks that are glaring and It was interesting to note that at the Beyond the damage done to the fetus when dangerous. the pregnant woman goes to work, studies Washington Post they apparently hold staff True, the total output of the three federal meetings to discuss the upcoming issue, the have indicated that the conditions found in enrichment plants will be used by the 300 some workplaces may cause genetic damage same as we do each Thursday morning at present and planned nuclear reactors. Nu the Pike Press. One notable difference is that to men, which may also lead to spontaneous clear energy must expand. It cannot expand abortions, still births, deformed children and we keep our language on a higher level of unless new enrichment capacity ls built by decency and have women present, the two the mid-1980s. abnormalities in future generations. perhaps being related. One flaw ln the Ford plan is that the fed "The potential damage to the fetus and But all in all, a fine movie. eral. government would have to give some $8 the possible genetic damage that may occur With regard to Woodward and Bernstein, bllllon in guarantees to private firms getting when pregnant women and men go to work we're sorry they couldn't "quit" while they 1n on the business. That negates much of the appears to be an important medical problem were ahead-with a Pulltzer prize, money ln financial argument put forward by the Ford that none of us had focused on," said Dr. their pockets, and world-wide recognition. administration. David Wegman, an occupational health ex Their latest writing product, "Nixon's Second, all the technology to be used would pert at the Harvard School of Public Health. Final Days" lowers their prestige to the level have to be supplied by federal government ex It is conceded that an enormous amount of keyhole-peeping journalism, a sadistic perts for private use. It would be used largely of research will be required before scientists venture with no useful purpose (unlike their at government expense. can identify the causes of miscarriages and lnltlal achievement) except to bring further Third, the guarantees now being demanded birth defects, but there is a growing aware embarrassment and hurt to a family who, it by private investor companies would shift ness among scientists, university researchers, would seem, have undergone enough mlsery most of the risk to the federal government labor leaders and industry executives of the even for the satisfaction of their most ardent even to buying back the plant 1f lt dld not potential impact of the workplace on the enemies.-A.S. work, or covering investors' losses in that reproductive process. case. Among the questions that Federal regula Lastly, lt would be a channel through tors, scientists and representatives of indus which foreign as well as private owners could try and labor must answer are the following: HOLD DOWN NUCLEAR RISK get control of nuclear material and know If a substance ls more dangerous to women how that should be kept classified. The plan than men, would a Federal regulation that presently before the joint Atomic Energy prohibited a woman of child bearing age HON. WILLIAM H. HARSHA Committee of Congress would let Iran and from coming in contact with the substance OF OHIO Japan in as investors. violate the equal employment opportunities This plan runs contrary to U.S. efforts to law? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hold down nuclear prollferatlon. Sen. John H. Why have Government scientists and pri Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Glenn has pointed out that the number of vate researchers devoted virtually all of their nuclear power plants will reach 800 in a dec studies on occupational health to the prob Mr. HARSHA. Mr. Speaker, the present 'ade, and will be producing some 30,000 lems of males when 40 percent of the nation's production of the three Government pounds of plutonimn, enough to make 3,000 workers are women? owned uranium enrichment facilities is small atomic bombs. When a substance or condition is found already contracted for, including the ad The three federal enrichment plants in to be a special hazard to women, must the ditional capacity that will be provided at cluding the one at Portsmouth, Ohio, could Government take specific steps to reduce the be expanded. Eventually sale of the enriched dangers or has the Government met lts legal the conclusion of the so-called upgrading fuel will pay for the cost of those expansions. obligation by merely issuing a warning to program. In addition to this, several for That ls the better way to enlarge nuclear women? eign countries have indicated a desire to power and keep dangerous things under 'WE DON'T HAVE ANSWERS' go the route of nuclear power plants and proper, tight control. "At that point we really don't haive the have indicated an interest in construct (EDITOR'S NoTE.-If you haven't expressed answers from the regulatory viewpoint, the ing their own enrichment facilities. your opinion on the planned enlargement of ethical viewpoint or the legal viewpoint," Therefore, it seems rather obvious that the nuclear enrichment program. there stlll said Dr. John F. Finklea, the physician direc if the United States is to maintain its ls time. You can write to your representative, tor of the Na.tlonal Institute of Occupaltlonal. leadership in the uranium enrichment William H. Harsha or Carl Perkins, House Sa.!ety and Health. Otfice Bldg., Washington, D.C. or to Sen. John Because the responsibillty for various industry and provide adequate capacity Pastore, chairman of the Joint Atomic Energy for domestic use as well, we must get on Commission, Senate Otfice Bldg.; Washington, aspects of the problem a.re divided among with the program of providing that ca or directly to President Gerald Ford at the a maze of Federal and state agencies, health White House.) otfida.ls are not able to chart the precise pacity expansion. boundaries of the problem they believe lies A Government-owned add-on plant before them like an island 1n the fog. can be constructed at the present time The otficials know that the total number at the Goodyear plant at Portsmouth, of women working outside the home has been Ohio, for considerably less than the sums WORK HAZARDS AND THE RISE IN slowly increasing. In 1960, women represented estimated for the construction of a BmTH DEFECTS 33 percent of the workers; in 19'75 the Labor stand-alone facility, contemplated by the Department estimated the figure at 40 per administration at Dothan, Ala. In addi cent. tion, there is considerable reservation as HON. DONALD M. FRASER The otficials also know that the number of women holding what they suspect are to turning OP MINNESOTA the advisability of over this more hazardous jobs are increasing fa.r more classified process to private industry be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rapidly tha.n the total number of employed cause of the attendant safeguards that Tuesday, April 27, 1976 women. In 1960, 11he Laibor Department said, are required. there were 2.6 m1lllon women holding such In a recent editorial by the Cleveland Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, I would jobs as nurses, factory workers, hair dressers, Plain Dealer, and reprinted in the Ports like to bring to the attention of my col a.nd garment workers. By 1975, the depart mouth Times, it is pointed out that this leagues an article which appeared in the ment estimate that the women holding such plan runs contrary to U.S. eft'.orts to hold New York Times on March 14, 1976: Jobs had almost doubled, to 4.8 m1111on. 11484 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976
NO EXACT INFORMATION ment and industry officials of two laws that Arguing that such a low standard would But the Government has no exact infor at first were viewed alone. These were the involve "enormous expenses," the lead in mation on the number of fetuses that each 1964 Equal Employment Opportunities Act, dustries association argued in a brief filed on day go to the workplace with their mothers, which guaranteed all Americans an equal Jan. 16 that it would be preferable to limit let a.lone how many are exposed to suspected chance to hold a job regardless of race, creed, lead exposure of special workers on a case hazards. After an examina.tion of all ava.11- place of origin or sex, and the 1970 Employ by case basis through special monitoring or able evidence, however, a recent Federal ment Safety and Health Act, which estab special respirators or in "extreme situations study estimated that a minimum of one mll lished a mandate that the health of no exclusion of the employees from exposed llon of the 3.7 mllllon babies born in 1970 American would be damaged by the condi areas altogether." had been "exposed to a. variety of work con tions met at work. For a second substance, vinyl chloride, the ditions-both safe and unsafe." Another source, according to many re Government noted in a footnote to a pro Another great uncertainty is just how searchers, has been Dr. Vilma Hunt, the posed standard that there was some evidence many spontaneous abortions, still births and Australian-born author of "Occupational of special reproductive hazard but decided birth defects occur each year. Though the Health Problems of Pregnant Women," a no special level of protection was required to Government has initiated a program to try 121-page report published 11 months ago, meet this need. to collect more precise information, varying by the Department of Health, Education, RADIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE definitions of medical terms, the lack of and Welfare. Concerning a third problem, radiological followup examinations to discover late de "I'm not much for quoting the Bible, exposure, the Atomic Energy Commission veloping birth defects such as mental re but Vilma's report for me was a bit like and its successor agency, the Nuclear Regu tardation, and widely scattered reporting when St. Paul was on the road to Damascus latory Commission, have proposed issuing jurisdlctions mea.n the exact size of the and the scales fell from his eyes," said Dr. Finklea. specia.l warnings to women of childbearing problem is not known. age rather than adjusting exposure levels to Dr. William H. Flynt, chief of the birth Dr. Hunt, a small intense woman who 1s an associate professor of environment health meet their special requirements. defects branch of the Publlc Health Service's One of the particular drawbacks of the Center for Disease Control, however, esti of Pennsylvania State University in Uni versity Park, Pa., credits Clara Sch11fer, a regulatory agency's plan to warn pregnant mates that 6 to 7 percent of the babies who women to avoid radiation is that women fre are born each year in the United States- program analysis in H.E.W., for perserving in her attempt to identify the special prob quently are not sure they are pregnant until 250,000--probably have some birth defect. the third month after conception, a period Dr. Flynt said in an interview that a number lems of the working woman. "We are all responsible for the health of during which the fetus might be damaged. of studies ha.d found that a.n additional 10 Government and industry officials note to 15 percent of all conceptions resulted in future generations and we can no longer ignore a fact of life--reproduction and work another legal complexity concerning the ap spontaneous abortions or still births. parent connection between some workplace "We do know that perhaps half the spon are women's lot,'' Dr. Hunt concludes in the preface of her report. conditions and miscarriages and birth de taneous abortions are associated with chro fects. mosomal abnormalities,'' Dr. Flynt said. "But ECONOMIC PRESSURES "It is my understanding that workers com Whether these abnormalities were the result But in an interivew, she expressed great pensation- -does- not cover birth defects -or of harmful substances that the mother or concern that the potential impact of the mute.genie defects," said Dr. Finklea, noting father encountered or were inherited or came problem is so great that women workers from some other cause is not known." that the compensation program acts as a "will see again the over-reaction, prevarica no-fault insurance program for workers, The growing concern about the potential tion and misinterpretation of Government impact of the workplace on the reproductive compensating them for some injuries but and industry officials that we always see when strictly limiting their right to bring suits. process comes at a time when the Govern women claim they also are participants in ment's effort to lessen such hazards is under Because the fetus is not covered, Dr. Fink the workplace." lea continued, anyone who was deformed be strong attack. Dr. Andrea M. Hricko, health coordinator Individual businessmen and business or at the Center for Labor Research and Educa cause of exposure to dangerous substances ganizations have made the Occupational tion at the University of Ca.llfornia in by his mother or father would be able to Safety and Health Administration a central Berkeley, described some of the economic bring a suit up until he or she was 21. target of their attack on what they contend pressures during a speech late last year 1n "The only redress of the damaged child is unnecessary Federal regulation, and Pres Chicago. would be civil action, almost eqUivalent to ident Ford has repeatedly cited the agency "Recently we recevied a letter from a work medical malpractice-I guess we could call it in campaign speeches calling for less gov er at a plant in New England who had just industrial malpractice. The mother cannot ernment. been recalled after a lay-off. Upon her return sign a release for the fetus and the liabillty But among knowledgeable officials the to her Job in a plastic factory, she was in w111 accumulate as research 1s being done," question of birth defects may represent a formed that she could no longer work in the he said. powerful counterargument to those attack vinyl chloride operation because it might be This, it seems to me, will be a very power ing the Government. "It would be false to hazardous if she became pregnant. The com ful lever for everyone to get to work on this say there now is a mass consciousness about pany informed her she could only return to problem." this problem,'' said Anthony Mazzocchi, her Job 1f she had a note from her doctor Washington representative of the 200,000- A labor lawyer for a major chemical com that she was no longer able to bear children." pany agreed. "Every company in the coun member Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Dr. Hricko also recalled 37 women in Union. Ida.ho who recently were ordered not to work try would be terrifled about the prospect of The deep concern among health research at a lead smelter because of the potential having a deformed child bring a suit against ers about the impact of the workplace on effects on their future children. "They were it," he said, requesting that neither he nor human reproduction springs from a number transferred to Jobs that the company said his company be identifled. of sources. On Jan. 28, a study by five Gov were safer,'' she said. "But some of the new One of the first official efforts to begin ernment scientists was made public that jobs may pat less." focusing on the problem of women in the showed that the wives of a sampling of work The response of the Government so far has work-place occurred last November when ers who came in contact with vinyl chloride been spotty and inconsistent. "There simply Dr. Finklea and the National Institute for had twice as many miscarriages and stm ls no Government policy on how to confront Safety and Health held a day-long confer births as the wives of workers who did not this problem," said Dr. Sidney M. Wolfe, a ence with representatives from the Dow handle the material. The study was done physician with the Health Research Group, Chemical Company, B. F. Goodrich Com in the Pottstown, Pa., plant of the Fire a Washington-based group established by pany, Stauffer Chemical, Union Carbide, the stone Tire and Rubber Company. Ralph Nader. Researchers note that the chemical struc industrial union department of the Ameri ture of vinyl chloride resembles ethylene di DIFFERENT PROPOSALS can Federation of Labor and Congress of bromide and trichloroethylene, two sub Concerning the three substances or con Industrial Organizations, the OU, Chemical stances used for such purposes as reducing ditions where the Government has taken ac and Atomic Workers and a number of Fed engine knock in leaded gas, industrial de tion since the potential reproductive prob eral agencies, including the Equal Employ greasing and fumigants. lems have arisen, each proposal has been con ment Opportunities Commission. A second reason for concern are the find siderably different. A tour-day conference on the same subject ings of an experimental test developed by Some research, for example, suggests that is scheduled for June 17-19 and is sponsored Dr. Bruce Ames of the University o! cau lead may pose special health problems !or by the Society !or Occupational Health and !ornta that suggests that virtually all known the !etus and !or blacks who might have the National Institute. sickle cell disease. substances that cause cancer also appear to "The first thing 1s get all of us male But instead of recommending special pro to ,_ be mutagens-substances that a1fect the chauvinist pigs thinking about this prob genetic system. tective measures or exclusion of these groups, the occupational safety and health admin lem," Dr. Finklea sald. "But it looks to me REPORT PUBLISHED BY H.E.W. istration proposed an exposure level that that this is a signlftcant health question and Another apparent source of concern 1s the theortically would be safe for all, men and a very powerful problem that is hard to dis logical linking in the minds of Govern- women, black and white. count." April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11485 PUBLIC CREDITING PRESIDENT FOR going back to work. And they watch the rise A fiery speaker and a. clever negotiator. LIFT IN ECONOMY of the stock market with elation: this seems Mrs. Wolfgang was the first woman vice to give people hope even 1! they don't own president of the 480,000-member Hotel and stocks. Restaurant Employes and Bartenders Inter HON. HERMAN T. SCHNEEBELI Generally. people are "crediting" the Presi national Union, AFL-CIO. She also had OF PENNSYLVANIA dent for the economic upsurge. Most people served as chief executive officer of the 20,000- don't understand economics anyway. But member Local 24 since 1960. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they do know that the President was being Her life, an acquaintance once said, had Tuesday, April .21, 1976 :faulted-by the Democratic politicians and been "one big crusade." by many economists-for the way the econ Employers tremulous about !acing her at Mr. SCHNEEBELI. Mr. Speaker, Mr. omy was lagging. So they basically see it as the bargaining table, fellow unionists who Godfrey Sperling, Jr., in an April 12 logical-and only :fair-to say the President crossed her and legislators who feared her article in the Christian Science Monit.or, must be doing something rlght now or things wrath knew what her acquaintance meant. has given us his usual keen insight into wouldn't be getting better. Or as some say. Myra Wolfgang inevitably won. "Not just the affairs of the Federal Government. maybe it was just better that he didn't come because she is usually right;• her long-time His logic in stating that President Ford in with a lot of government programs that associate, the late Mort Furay. once said, might, indeed. have heated up lnfiation. "but because she believes her cause is just." is benefltting the most politically from And, finally, a reporter can make this ob She became a disciple of the union cause better times is ably substantiated. by the servation :from his samplings of public in 1933, when the Depression cut short her following "Washington Letter": opinion-not only recent interviews but also studies at Carnegie Tech and her plans for PuBLIC CB.EDITING PBEsmENT FOB LIFT IN :from those reaching back :for some little a career as an interior decorator. EcONOMY time: Mrs. Wolfgang went to Louis Koenig, head (By Godfrey Sperling. Jr.) The American public has been more ex of the old Detroit Waiters Local 705, seeking WASHINGTON .-The question. "Who will ercised over rising prlces than over any other a job as a waitress, work she had done in aspect of the flagging economy. Everyone was college. get the credit :for the improvement 1n the She stayed to answer the harried Koenig's economy?" ls supposed to be one that 1S angry over what infiation was doing to him. Now everyone ls happier--or at least less telephone. The foot she thus got in the door debatable. The Democrats in Congress a.re turned out to be a marching :foot. claiming the credit. And. o:f course. so 1S the angry-as 1nfiation appears to be slowing President. But to anyone who ts moving down. On the other hand. joblessness--while It was a turbulent era. Industrial union. a terrible thing to those who were and a.re ism was on the march. Bosses had become around the United States these days. talking fair game. Michigan became the cradle of to the average run of voters. the answer 1S out of work--only touched a portion of the a simple one: the people were blaming population. The anger of those out of work organized labor. Gerald Ford when the economy was sinking. persists. Myra Wolfgang was at the vortex, leading And now. since the first of the year. the But the President was rlght-politically sitdown strikes, organizing lunch-counter people a.re giving Mr. Ford much of the credit when he sought first to get business and the sit-ins, giving impassioned speeches from for the economy's upward surge. economy moving again and to cut inflation. truck beds and the City Hall steps. A teen "Credit" may be too strong a word. But one whlle putting less emphasis on helping the ager hurling thunderbolts at management. does find that those millions of Americans unemployed except insofar as his efforts to she was a raiser of general hell. who now are basking in better economic promote business health would enable busi "She was our La Passionaria," David times are taking a much kinder view of the nesses to bring more people back to work. Chaney, the leader of the Amalgamated President. The major polls show Ford now So it is that among most Amerlcans today Clothing Workers, once recalled. pleasing some 50 percent of the public in the President, not the Democrats in Congress "That Myra., she was everywhere," Koenig the way he is handling his job-a rise o:f is benefiting the most politically from better said. Koenig began grooming her as his succes some 10 percentage points and more over times. just a :few months ago. sor. She became recording secretary of Local The problem the Democrats in Congress 705. now Local 24. are having in establishing their own role in LABOR CHAMPION MYRA A key figure in the "Battle of the Beach'' the economic shift upward is twofold: WOLFGANG DIES in the 1950s, when her international launched For one, many Democrats still a.re saying a successful all-out attack on Mia.mi's non the economy isn't all that good. They point union hotels. she was rewarded with an to the high unemployment rate and to the HON. JAMES G. O'HARA international vice-presidency. Her Detroit responsiblllties were broadened even higher jobless situation in the black OF MICHIGAN ghettos. And some warn there might be a under Koenig's tutelage. She became his plunge in the economy again a.t almost any IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chief negotiator. the thrower of his spitballs. moment. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Intuition and an incisive mind often put And second, the thesis of Democrats :for her two moves ahead of her male adversaries judging the Ford administration. starting Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Myra in negotiations. almost :from the beginning, ls that the Presi Wolfgang, one of the most vigorous and - "Sometimes you didn't know you'd been dent has been weighing and considering and colorful labor leaders in Michigan and had," one of them once said. "You wanted to hemming and hawing and generally doing the Nation for more than 40 years has count your fingers after you shook hands nothing to make the economy improve. Thus. died after a lingering illness. An early with her.'' when the economy does start to get better. leader in the fight for women's righU:i, Mrs. Wolfgang was a master of the wither the Democrats are left with a Une that is ing scowl, a tablepounder who often shouted hard to prove: that the economy would, in she was the first woman vice president herself hoarse at the bargaining table. For deed. be moving a.long faster 1! the President of the International Union of Hotel and efrect. she could blow her top and swear like had allowed the Democratic tack to prevail Restaurant Workers and Bartenders. a longshoreman. one that would have put less emphasis on AFL-CIO and had served as the top offi But she also read Emily Dickinson and stimulating business and more on govern cer of local 24 of that union for the past Simone de Beauvoir. was an opera butr and J ment spending, particularly in creating jobs. 16 years. a patroness of the symphony. ' But, while the Democrats call for all these Mrs. Wolfgang's many achievemenU:i Her detractors said that for all her pub government supported jobs to "solve" unem licity, her members were stm among the ployment, the publlc sees joblessness decreas within the labor movement and in a va working poor. Some called her a headline ing, much more than the Democrats have riety of civic and community endeavors hunter. been saying would happen under the Ford over four decades are the subject of an She did know the value of public relations. "do-nothing.. approach. Some economists, in excellent article in the Detroit Free Press The tart-tongued Mrs. Wolfgang was a master !act, predict the jobless rate might dip below by iU:i labor writer, Mr. Ralph Orr. Under of the one-liner. 7 percent before the November election. leave to insert my remarks in the RECORD, On the eve of negotiations ~1th Detroit's Everyone, including the President, concedes I include the article as a tribute to Mrs. private clubs she announced: "We're going that this rate still is "too high!' But the Wolfgang's life of service: to say 'Whoa' to the horsey &et." Democrats are finding it most difilcult to In a Labor Day speech at the State Fair convince the public that the Ford approach LABOR CHAMPION MYRA WOLFGANG DIES grounds, asked to discuss "Women in the is ineffective. (By Ralph Orr) Labor Movement," she sniffed: "Women were In this reporter's conversations with the Myra Wolfgang, one of the nation's first in labor before any of you were born ... rank and file, both Democrats and Republl women union organizers who for more than After a Playboy Club Bunny had won a cans, he has found this "consensus view" of 40 yea.rs was the colorful champion of Mich back-pay award: "Jo is a Bunny who bit the economy--except among the blacks and igan's restaurant workers, died Monday. She back." minorities who are still feeling the recession: was 61. Nobody was immune from her scorn when By and large, people now perceive the Mrs. Wolfgang, who has been ill since Jan she believed she was r1ght--Republ1can, economy as getting better. They see prices uary, had been in Henry Ford Hospital since Democrat. president, governor. legislator. going up stlll-but at a little slower rate. March 25 with an intestinal obstruction that employer, union rebel, even Alex Karras, the They see out-of-work sons and neighbors proved malignant. Detroit Lions All-Pro tackle. 11486 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 She publicly labeled Karras a "boor'' when A memorial service w1ll be held next Mon worked for his tuition, and how he later re he used an unfortunate adjective in referring day at 6:30 p.m. at the Detroit Institute ot ceived practical business training as a book to her waitresses at a banquet where Karras Arts. keeper for a plantation. was toastmaster. Mrs. Wolfgang 1s survived by two daugh The ambitious Harvey Saburo Kawakami Several years ago, a group of men-some ters, Martha and Mrs. Laura Christianson, decided that work.lng for someone else waa of them resentful that a woman was running both of Chicago, and a granddaughter. Her not for him. In 1926 he took the plunge Into the show-formed a cabal to unseat her. The husband, Moe, an attorney, died in 1963. business. formidable Mrs. Wolfgang did not take kindly The family requests memorial contribu With the help of his wife, Torno, he met to it and now all but one a.re ~x-staff mem tions be made to the Detroit Institute ot up a llttle "pa and ma" store in Waimea. bers. Arts and the Michigan Cancer Society. with shoestring capital of only $3,000. They She sometimes would swoop into the best worked long hours and lived frugally. restaurants to check her members' pay Much of the business for the store came checks to make certain the boss wasn't from peddling merchandise in a $150 model cheating on contract terms. H. S. KAWAKAMI T Ford to sugar workers who lived 1n planta After Attorney General Frank Kelley issued tion camps in the Watmea and Kekaha area. a ruling which she said weakened laws de However, Kawakami roused the enmity of signed to protect women workers, she dis HON. PATSY T. MINK a sugar plantation, which barred him from patched six waitresses to Kelley's omce With OF HAWAII selling in its camps because he competed a box bearing a king snake. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with the company store. This forced the "Symbollc of treachery," she explained. hustling storekeeper to find new custom Once she was bounced from her post on Tuesday, April 27, 1976 ers and to broaden his markets. the Wayne County ~IO CouncU fo!' re Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, I call the at He was later to see the plantation's ac fusing to rubber-stamp efforts "to tie the tention of my colleagues today to the tion as a blessing in disguise and to philos labor movement to the coattails of the ophize that "sweet are the uses of adver Democrats. career of a distinguished resident of the sity." Unperturbed, she warned: "They won't si Island of Kauai, in the State of Hawaii, His business prospered and in 1929 he bor lence me. Not by a jugful." whose life has recently been chronicled rowed $4,000 from a bank to expand his She was active in the fight for women's in an autobiography entitled "From store. He said this first bank loan wu a rights, ca.ling for child care centers and job Japan to Hawaii, My Journey." scary experience, although much later he training programs for mothers more than a The person of whom I speak is H. S. would borrow $225,000 from the bank for a decade ago. In 1972 with cameras ftashing she Kawakami, many times called "the shopping center project, without a quiver. boldly walked through the front door-gen merchant prince of Kauai," and prob Now, on the golden anniversary of the erally reserved for male use only-of the Walmea venture, the Kawakami businesses Detroit Club. A defender of women's dignity, ably one of the best known people on the have grown to include six Bigsave super she once loudly harangued a man in a posh island. Mr. Kawakami's enterprises in markets, four general stores, !Our snack restaurant after he openly pinched one of clude two-score establishments doing shops, six resort gift shops and major in her waitresses. business in half a dozen communities on terests In shopping centers at Kapa.a and On other women's issues, such as the Equal Kauai and control of two shopping cen Llhue. Rights Amendment, however, she opposed ters. While he was building a merchandising women's Ubbers. In 1970 she lectured the Of more than passing interest, too, is empire, Kawakami and his wife raised a fam U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee for 2~ the fact that the entire Kawakami fam ily of seven in the small cottage home they hours in 1970 on the evils she thought inher bullt behind the store at Waimea. ent in the ERA. ily has been involved in the business and Tomo was the widow of his brother Sakui Invoking quotations from the Bible, Molly professional activities of the commu chi, who had wed her ss picture bride whlle Pitcher and Patrick Henry, she defended nities wherever they have lived. That he was working in the cane fields. Sakuichl state laws limiting the hours women could now includes four of the major islands died in the flu epidemic of 1918 and Harvey work and the weights they could lift. of the State. Sabura later married his widow at the urg "We don't want equallty of mistreatment," Mr. Kawakami's accomplishments, ing of the family. she said. which began in Japan and grew to such George, the oldest son, was born In 1929 Mrs. Wolfgang served on numerous state successful dimensions in Hawaii, illus and now runs the furniture and dry gooda and federal commissions. store in Lihue. Richard ls a State legislator. She fought for Sunday Uquor sales to open trate the best traditions of the work Edward Is a dentist in Honolulu. Charles ls up more jobs in the catering industry. ethic, and I commend the following news assistant manager of a J. C. Penney Store She was the driving force behind enact story about this remarkable businessman In Hilo. ment of Michigan's minimum wage law tn to your attention. It appeared in the A daughter, Gertrude (Mrs. Akira Toma) 1964, taking her entourage to legislative hear Honolulu Star Bulletin of April 19, 1976, runs the resort gift shops, and another ings in 16 cities. and I include it to be published in the daughter, Edith, is a teacher on Maui. To make her point she paraded before leg RECORD at this point: In his book, Kawakami tells how another islators carhops making 25 cents an hour daughter, Ellen, brought tragedy to the fam (plus tips) and a woman forced to work 72 MERCHANT PRINCE RECALLS THE PAST ily when she took her own life in frustra hours a week and lift boxes weighing 75 (By Paul Stoffel) tion over a bookkeeping problem in one of pounds. LIHUE, KAUAI.-H. s. Kawakami, the 75- the stores. Two years later, she staged a "sleep-in" year-old founder of a big complex of stores Tomo Kawa.km! died in 1955 and her hus at the Legislature when lawmakers dragged and supermarkets, has written the story ot band later wed Michiko, of Kyoto, Japan, their feet in amending the law. It was a first his rags-to-riches career in an autobiography who took the name Elsie when she became for the musty old state house. titled "From Japan to Ha.wail, My Journey." his wife. On the home front, she negotiated her The man who sometimes ls called "the Kawakami, who was an alien, was con local's first pension and health-care plans merchant prince of Kauai" came to Kauai fronted with animosity and suspicion in and installed Its first strike fund. from Japan in 1912 as a penniless boy to join the war hysteria following Pearl Harbor. Al She established a waiter-waitress training his father and brother, who worked in the though he continued to operate his stores, school, and critiqued the performances of Its cane fields. he devoted much of his time to backing graduates when they served her. Today, the Kawakami enterprises include efforts of his countrymen to win acceptance Mrs. Wolfgang was the scourge of non 20 stores doing a multimilUon dollar busi as patriotic Americans. union houses, but was not always successful ness in a. half dozen towns and control ot He enlisted in the Army as an interpreter in getting them in the union fold. One of her two shopping centers. and with son George won recognition as the major disappointments was the failure to The 70-pa.ge story of Kawaka.ml's "Jour only Kaua.I father-son team in the Army. It organize the Big Boy drive-ins. ney" was unveiled at a luncheon. Tom Coff was during his war service at Fort McClel But the Playboy Club fight ended In tri man, Honolulu newspaperman, was intro land 1n 1945 that Kawakami became a nat umph. The months of picketing produced a duced as the man who helped write the uralized citizen. He was then 45. settlement that led to a national Playboy autobiography. Earlier he worked tirelessly to win per agreement. Coffman, who wrote "To Catch a Wave," mission from the military to accept enllst During the long campaign, Mrs. Wollgang a book about the late Gov. John A. Burns, ment.s of citizens of Japanese ancestry in provided vocal accompaniment, jabbing away said the Kawakami story was easy to put to what would become the famous 442nd Com at the idea that bunnies (then) got no wages, gether from tapes and that most of the bat Team and the 100th Infantry Battalion. but were expected to survive on tips. phraseology ls Kawakami's. The story also tells how a. second Kawaka "Don't be a Bunny, work for money," she The book deals candidly with the problems mi store business was establ1shed by hla implored. of discrimination faced by Japanese people older brother Fukutara, who set up a store As for Hugh Hefner, head of the Playboy in plantation employment and in their harsh in Ha.napepe. That enterprise was the core empire, she labeled his views "a gross per ordeals after Pearl Harbor. of a separate company-N. F. Kawakamt petuation of the lewd idea that women The story tells how Kawakami got his edu which also flourished. should be obscene and not heard." cation at Mid-Pacific Institute, where he Its initials "N. F." stood for Norito, the April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11487 son, and Fukutara, the father. Norito has 70,000 on the incline from Prospect Park to to demollshing the old Pacific Street Library since become a circuit court judge. ward the Gowanus Canal, the Slope's 100 at the Slope's northern tip. But it was a The two family enterprises were merged blocks would make a diverse city almost hand.some building, and the community per after the death of Fukuta.ra to avoid 1nter anywhere else. In New York, it's the closest suaded the city to renovate it instead. The famlly competition in store operations. thing to a microcosm. job took three years and cost $534,000. The narrow strip along the park has The beautifully redone library was opened gained a cachet among the spirited renova at l6St on Nov. 19. But it isn't a very im tors of elegant brownstones as a fashionable portant library, and because of the strapped compromise between suburbia and Manhat budget, it was given a stafi' of only three. It BUDGET CUTS AND THE AVERAGE tan's Upper East Side. In all of Park Slope, stays open five hours a day (eight hours on AMERICAN though, there are at least as many Irish and Wednesdays only); it is closed on weekends. Italian famllles living in modest brick row Its circular ma.in room has a sparse assort houses as there are professionals in the high ment of books. The balcony above tt ls HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI stooped. mansions. And all of them are out empty; the music room ts empty; upstairs, OF NEW YORK numbered by the poor. the children's room, with its domed ceillng and huge dark-stained wooden mantel, ls IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVF.S Ask the upwardly mobile, the ethnic mid dle class and the impoverished what imme empty. Expensive equipment ts hidden away. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 diate impact the budget cuts have had, and If there were books displayed on the they will almost always answer, "Not much." shelves, they might be stolen. The staff 1s Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, all On the surface, at least they're right. Life too small to stand guard. "We couldn't keep across the country budget cuts in munic goes on. watch,'' says Catherine D1Mella, who works ipalities have hit hard at working people "How has it affected my neighbor in the newly reopened library. "We're alone." by depriving them of gainful employ hood?" says a Manhattan-bound commuter. Methodist Hospital, the largest employer ment. The other side of this particular "Damned if I know. Subways are a little in Park Slope, ts a private lnstltutton. But coin is now being brought to public at slower, maybe." Rita Noonan, who sells real the travalls of the city and the state are it.s tention, showing how the average citizen estate in the Slope, says, "I feel everything travails, too. After eight years of haggling, must be affected. But I can't think of any the hospital has to forget its plans to build 1s hit by slashes in municipal services. a 350-bed, $70 m.1111on annex. The money was What is revealed is a steady deteriora thing specific." Crime rates haven't soared, trash doesn't cover the streets, Park Slope to be raised through state "moral-obllga tion in the quality of urban life, making isn't burning down. tion" bonds; needless to say, the state's moral ob11gat1ons won't raise much money it ever more difficult for people to sur One :fl.ne morning on the shopping street of vive in the city environment. There 1s no anymore. Seventh Avenue there is even a holdover from More to the immediate point, Methodist breathtaking and immediately noticeable a lost era: Patrolman Louis Gosparik, two Hospital ls short on cash. The city, it seems, decline in daily life. Rather, it takes rows of gold buttons shining on his coat, has been taking its time processing Medicaid his place almost imperceptibly, but the final tipping hat to shopkeepers, walking hts bllls, and the state 1s mak1ng reimburse result is the same: Further deteriora beat. ments according to 1975 prices, even though tion and less faith on the part of the There has been some temptation in blame 1976 prices are higher. Last fall, the hospital working citizen in the future of his or fl.seal catastrophes for old failings. "The knocked 51 people off tt.s payroll, including her city. Quite recently, the Wall Street Parks Department hasn't been doing much in nine of 110 resident doctors. But costs went Journal printed a sensitive and percep Prospect Park since the cuts," says Rob Bur up anyway, and now the hospital ls having ton, president of the Park Slope Civic Coun trouble paying its bills. tive piece on this phenomenon, selecting cil. On second thought, he adds, "I gotta tell my "We sat on the phone bill for one month," part of congressional district for you, they weren't doing much before the cuts executive director Don Reoe says, "and they their indepth view. Because its message either." came in and tried to shut off the patients' has meaning for every city in the Nation, Nick Sovierno, chief Housing Department phones." The hospital is sending out its I include it here in the RECORD for the inspector, says his thinned forces are respond checks about two months behind schedule, attention and enlightenment of all my ing to calls from Park Slope with as much and a number of food suppliers have cut oft colleagues. alacrity as ever. "All complainants," he says, deliveries. So far, the patients don't know a This perceptive article shows how vital "are never handled immediately." thing about this, but Mr. Rece thinks the But the semblance of bumbling-as-usual is situation has a good chance of getting a lot it is for the Congress to understand how deceptive. The crisis 1s casting its pall over worse. important it is for Government to pre Park Slope, sometimes in gloomier ways than Diamond's Cafe has a long bar with a very vent further reductions in these services, you might suspect. If the overall cuts, which big American flag hanging behind it. Late and to comprehend the impact of these have already run to the hundreds of millions one morning, several men are drinking at cuts. The slope is a viable, bustling of dollars, are merely marginal by New York the bar, and one of them ls wearing the neighborhood, whose people are a micro scales, then perhaps the people and the in frayed and faded uniform of a New York City cosm of New York and the Nation. If stitutions likely to be touched by them are sanitation man. areas like the slope are hamstrung by somehow consl.dered marginal and expendable "Don't turn me in" ls his response when as well. a reporter says hello. Drinking at lunch is service cuts and cease being viable, the Peggy Birnberg, her husband, Barry, and against the rules, but this man explains he last urban bulwark against blight will their two daughters moved to the Slope six is only "calming his nerves." The job has got disappear, and all our cities will confront years ago, bought a brownstone and began ten tougher lately. economic and social erosion of the worst renovating. He opened a plant store: she btt Garbage collections in parts of the Slope kind. Congress must understand this came a teacher in P.S. 282. They both became are down from six a week to three; in other equation, and I believe the Wall Street active in the community school board. parts they're down from three to two. The Journal article is an excellent and in The board became one of the cl ty's best, solution to this, for most people, is to mash structive lesson: and with much hard work it installed an their garbage into the cans with added vigor. "open-classroom" system in P.S. 282, just the This makes the cans heavier, which makes NEW YORK Now: How BUDGET CUTS AFFECT kind of individually geared education the a sanitation man's lot not very happy. The PEOPLE IN ONE NEIGHBORHOOD Birnbergs wanted for their children. The layoffs that caused the service cuts litt (By Barry Newman) board appointed 25 open-classroom teachers, younger men first, so the harder work is left NEW YoaK.-More than a year has gone and the Blrnbergs came to devote an enor to a.n older crew. The upshot of all this ls since the first fissures appeared in the mous share of their time to the school. Then a. few beers at Diamond's Cafe. finances of New York City and New York last October, most of the new teachers were "A lot of fellas are getting disgusted," the State. Nine months have passed since the fired, including Peggy Birnberg; the open man 8lt the bars says. "They don't ha.ve their first great wave of layoffs last July. Other classrooms fell apart. It hurt the Birnbergs hearts in their jobs like they used to. The layoffs and cuts of all kinds followed. There to the quick-so much so that they have de people complain, the garbage ls more heavy are more to come. cided to abandon New York altogether. They and meantime they're playing games with Socially, if not always silently, the people are moving to Toronto. us-they got what we call a rat squad, who live here have accepted the news and "I'll never commit myself to something like watching us in unmarked cars. They're try gone about their business. By now, the shock that school again," Peggy Birnberg says bit ing to get blood out of a stone." He looks at has dissipated, and the abstractions of terly. "It was really everything I thought his watch, e.nd orders another. budget cutting have the air of permanent about and everything I did. Now it's gone. It TD. a particular squalid section of the realities. was all for nothing, and that's too much time Slope there ls a ragged terrain bigger than a What has it meant to ordinary New York and energy and heart to put into anything. square block s.nd covered with crushed boxes, ers? A tour of one neighborhood in Brook We think there's got to be a better way to tires, bedsprings, weeds and the moldering lyn, Park Slope, suggests some conse live." rubble of collapsed houses. All that stands quences--sllght, psychological and substan The Blrnbergs' brownstone ls about to be are two trees, some gutted stores, and P.S. tial. sold. As soon as the contract ls signed, they'll 133, an operating school. Park Slope is one of New York's more be gone. A decade ago, it looked as if P.S. 133 were motley neighborhoods. With a population of A few years ago, some thought was given about to outgrow its tum-of-the-century 11488 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 quarters. A plan was hatched to put up an years and believe the council could have ing advantage of us in SALT; that we elementary and an intermediate school to made no better selection than he as its should concentrate on building arms replace it. The land was cleared. But a crayon chairman. He is a forward-looking in rather than seeking to control them. We factory and other light industry moved out, taking their jobs with them. And, with their dividual and will certainly be an asset to also hear that the "fall" of one country, homes torn down, 100 children left the block this effort to upgrade transportation in Angola, to a Soviet-sponsored f actlon and the school. Suddenly, P.S. 133 didn't our State. I applaud his selection. is but the beginning of a Communist seem to be so crowded, and with the popula I would like to insert into the RECORD move across the face of southern Africa. tion fiattening, two new schools didn't seem a news article from the Arkansas Ga Distilled to its essence, what we have so vital anymore. zette, April 11, 1976, about Ohlendorf's been hearing is a vertiable Spenglerian When the fiscal crisis struck, one of the selection: prophecy that the West as we know it projects was canceled, the other shelved. COUNCIL NAMES OHLENDORF AS CHAIRMAN faces its demise at the hands of the Red The land, oft the tax rolls, sits vacant, sp111- 1ng refuse into bordering streets. Harold Ohlendorf of Osceola, a banker and menace in the foreseeable future, unless Rose Glordano, a small woman with curly farmer and former President of the Arkansas we radically alter our military and for gray hair, lives with her husband, who is Farm Bureau Federation, has been named eign policies. sickly, in an old tenement that has an "an chairman of the new Arkansas Good Roa.ds Central to this prophecy is Solzhen tique boiler" (pronounced "burler") that Transportation Council, a private group itsyn's notion that detente is itself dan catches fire every winter. When the boiler formed to encourage maintenance of ade gerous, no more than a process in which burned before, Mrs. Glordano and her neigh quate transportation systems in the state. He replaces John Ward of Conway, the the Soviets implacably pursue and at bors could trot down the street to a firehouse to six doors away. This winter, she can't do vice chairman who has been act1ng chatr tain their objectives without the need that; the firehouse has been closed. If the man pending selection of a permanent head resort to force, while the West dreams boiler burns, her call rlll sound at Engine of the organization. Silas D. Snow of Little on in its materialistic slumber. The pic Co. 239, more than 10 blocks from her street. Rock, former president of the University of ture is one of Communist advance, with On a gray afternoon, the "blueshirts" of 239 Central Arkansas at Conway, is Council Presi the West too weak to resist, in both are lounging in their kitchen, just to the rear dent and Maurtce Smith of Birdeye, a former power and will. And the underlying pre state highway commissioner, is secretary of their truck, talking about a fire that kllled mise is that the military balance between a child in January. It broke out two blocks treasurer. the U.S.S.R. and its allies on one hand, from Mrs. Giordano's building. A month The Council, at a meeting Thursday elected earlier, it would have been in the territory R. N. Dills of Fort Smith and Rufus W. and the Western states on the other, has of the disbanded company, but in January, Morgan, Jr. of Morrilton directors, complet eroded to the point where the West 239 took over first-response duties for that ing a Board that includes two representa lacks, or soon will lack, sufficient means alarm box. tives for each of the state's highway districts. to offer a credible challenge to the Com "We got there as fast as we could," says Ohlendorf said the country's road system munist onslaught. fireman Dick Stranke, sipping some coff'ee. was the world's best but that it was "rapidly I believe we must carefully examine "It took maybe three, four minutes, opposed deteriorating." He said the state's network these warnings--the recrudescence of to one or two for the old company. If we got of roads was becoming inadequate to meet there sooner, maybe we could have saved the growing traffic volume and that there is con cold war thinking and the view of the bal kid, a kid left alone.... Who knows?" cern about safety conditions on improperly ance of power which it implies. But just Since the other house was closed, the alarm maintained roads. as we cannot blindly dismiss them, neith has been sounding at 239 at a rate that The Council will attempt to involve private er should we accept this view without should bring their total responses this year individuals in efforts to insure adequate careful analysis. In fact, I think a dispas to 4,000 from 2,500 in 1974. The firemen say funding for highway roads, he said. sionatee examination of the military they are driving faster to get to fires far Ohlendorf ls Board Chairman and a direc tor of the First National Bank of West Mem and political situation will show that a ther away. And they say they are straining broader perspective is needed than a hard to get by with four men on the truck phis. He owns Ohlendorf Farms at Osceola, instead of the five-man crew of pre-layoff' is president of several family-owned busi simple either-or-choice between cold days. There was one night in mid-February nesses in Northeast Arkansas and a director war and detente. when the company had three "working" fires of several other firms. He is a trustee of My view is that the choice we face is in succession. Fireman Al Risoto worked for Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Com not between cold war and detente, but eight straight hours and had to be treated pany of Milwaukee. how, and in what form, to pursue de for exhaustion. "We're lucky we didn't lose He was Farm Bureau president from 1964 tente. And this choice springs, not from anybody," he says. to 1971, and has served on the Board of Governors of the Arkansas Department of some errant policymaker's whim, but Fireman Risoto is beginning another sen from the basic structure of the interna tence when the alarm sounds. In an instant Mental Retardation and on the Executive the men leap onto the truck and roar off, Committee of the Arkansas State Chamber tional situation. leaving the kitchen in a cloud of exhaust of Commerce. He has been active in other The hesitant movement of recent years fumes. Ten minutes later, they're back, wash governmental and private health and indus toward detent grows necessarily out of ing up, making coffee, talking budgets. "Peo try groups. the advent of the nuclear stalemate ple think there haven't been any etrects," the awareness that both sides possess says fireman Al Amerando. "Wait. It affects such an enormity of nuclear force that everybody." As he speaks, the alarm goes off NO ALTERNATIVE TO DETENTE either can destroy the other as a func again, and Engine Co. 239 vanishes. tioning society no matter what the other may do, even with its own preemptive HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT attack. There is ample evidence that this OF CALIFORNIA awareness of the devastating conse HAROLD OHLENDORF NAMED HEAD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quences of escalation beyond the nuclear OF ARKANSAS GOOD ROADS threshold is the major factor govern TRANSPORTATION COUNCIL Tuesday, April 27, 1976 ing decisions by both superpowers about Mr. LEGGET!'. Mr. Speaker, the the resort to force when one faces the problems of United States-U.S.S.R. rela risks of confrontation with the other. HON.. BILL ALEXANDER tions and the nature and character of As we contemplate these risks, it is OF ARKANSAS Soviet-American detente-indeed, the necessary to focus on the military di IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES meaning and utility of the word itself mension of our relationship with the Tuesday, April 27, 1976 have received increasing attention as we Soviets. Despite the alarums raised dur have moved further into this political ing the campaign, I believe the U.S. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I am year. For several months, a debate has strategic deterrent is now, and will re proud to announce that Harold Ohlen been brewing-how "great" it has been main, invulnerable, and the programs dorf of Osceola, Ark., in the First Con ts another matter-about the directions proposed by the military and authorized gressional District, has been named we should be taking in dealing with the in the defense bill recently voted by the chairman of the Arkansas Good Roads Soviets. House are more than adequate to main Transportation Council. This private The dire warnings of the great Soviet tain a sufficiency of nuclear force for the group has been formed to encourage novelist, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, have foreseeable future. In fact, I think the maintenance of adequate transportation been echoed in the campaigns of former bill goes beyond the bounds of what is systems in Arkansas. Governor Reagan, President Ford, Sen necessary with programs like the B-1 I have had the privilege of knowing fel ator JACKSON, and others. We have heard bomber, which is simply not needed for low-Osceolan Harold Ohlendorf for many that the Soviets are cheating and tak- deterrence, and the terminally guided April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11489 maneuvering reentry vehicle, which 1ng them now. In this time of large de THE PONY EXPRESS RIDES AGAIN could be positively destabilizing of the ficits and flsca1 stringency, we cannot af nuclear balance. In any event, though, ford to allocate public resources to proj there is every prospect that the nuclear ects which cannot be performed in a HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT stalemate between the United States and timely manner. Let us fund public jobs, OF CALIFORNIA the Soviets, which is the foundation of child ca.re, or health insurance, rather IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES detente, will continue on for as far as we than chalking up ever larger sums of un can see into the future. used funds for the military to sit on. Tuesday, April 27, 1976 What is the situation in other areas The larger point is that the debates Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, the of the military equation? Since time which have characterized the current Congress will soon be asked by the U.S. does not permit an exhaustive treatment campaign are producing the wrong at Postal Service to provide a $1.5 blllion of this complex subject, permit me to mosphere, and the wrong result, in na subsidy as an add-on to a $12 blllion dwell briefly on one aspect which has re tional defense. Piling billions on untold revenue program for fiscal year 1976. ceived great attention-the naval bal billions may help allay our fears of the Forbes magazine in the April 15, 1976 ance. We have been subjected to a bar Soviet menace, and make us feel better, edition comments on this add-on-deficit. rage of simplistic and pessimistic com but it would not solve our problems in I asked my colleagues to review this parisons of Soviet and American naval national defense. To do that we must article: strength. And we hear it said that the design and execute the right programs THE PONY ExP&ESS RmES AGAIN Soviet Navy is rapidly expanding while for the right purposes. Regrettably, we With the U.S. Postal Service's problems ours is declining at an equally rapid do not seem to be getting any better at have come good tunes for the private post rate, to the point that the Soviets may be doing that, and scare campaigns detract men. SuPerior to us at sea in the near future. from, rather than assist, our efforts to There's a silver llnlng in every cloud, and Yet if we look at the data, we find that do so. the U .s. Postal Service's red ink ls no ex ception. Facing a fiscal 1976 deficit of $1.5 one of the things the Soviets are doing Not only have the ala.rums and diver billion, the USPS is trying urgently to get is much the same as what our Navy is do sions of the campaign undermined the more subsidies and fees and cut services. ing-namely, phasing out obsolescent, quality of debate on defense issues, they And now the good news: The private cou World War II vintage ships in favor of have also not helped our position inter rier companies are making more money than smaller numbers of new and more capa nationally. As Secretary Kissinger said ever. ble ships. For example, over the past 10 recently, exaggerated portrayals of Look, for example, at New Jersey-based Soviet strength and American weakness Purolator (1975 sales: $298 million), the big years, the number of Soviet attack sub gest in the courier business. Revenues from marines has declined from 336 to 253, do no service to the Nation. What ulti Purolator's old-line filters and gasoline caps and destroyers from 150 to 85, with the mately matters in the modern era of businesses were down 9% last year. But sales total for oceangoing escorts remaining deterrence is not the implements of force from its courier division were up some 24%, relatively constant. themselves, but perceptions of power. It to $124 million. Including armored car aerv Do these trends indicate that the So is as clear to me, as it is to Mr. Kis ice, Purolator Service provtded nearly 60% viet Navy is on the wane? Clearly that singer, that any overall assessment of of Purolator's revenues and 73 % of profits. is not the case. Yet similar trends are military, economic, and technological In Chicago, the American Stock Excha.nge strength will show the Soviet Union to traded International Couriers Corp.'s reve cited to reach such a conclusion for the nues climbed some 30 % , to $37 mtlllon. And U.S. Navy. be far behind us and our allies. We serve in Seattle, Loomis Corp. reports its courier As a related example, if we look close our own purposes by focusing on our sales increased 35%. (Both companies en ly at the attack submarine :figures, we strengths, rather than looking exclusive joyed a wind.fall from Canada's two-month find that while the Soviets do in fact ly at real or imagined weaknesses. And postal strike.) Such businesses as Greyhound have many more than the United States, we should be quite clear that the balance Corp. and Baker Industries are up around a large proportion of theirs is older, of nuclear force will not leave us at a dis 12.5%. advantage in the foreseeable future. The courier companies play down the ex diesel-powered submarines. Our respec tent to which they compete directly with the tive totals of modern nuclear-powered Let me reiterate why, in my judg USPS. No one but the Government can submarines are almost comparable. And ment, such an assessment brings us in charge to deliver first-class mail; the private ours are far superior in what is prob escapably to some sort of detente express statutes see to that. Moreover, cou ably the single most important index process. It starts, purely and simply, riers' services can no more be compared with of submarine effectiveness-quietness of with our mutual interest in avoiding government mall delivery than a Bugatti operation. nuclear annihilation. could be compared with a Model T. Courters Are there other shared interests? That offer a personal, handmade and very expen Furthermore, the Soviet construction sive product. Suppose you want a 2Y:z pound rate for these types of ships over the becomes the fundamental question. De legal brief delivered across town in New York. past 5 years is about the same as the rate tente need not involve, as Solzhenitsyn A courier employee will pick it up at your at which we in the Congress have been seems to imply, the bestowal of love and office, hop on a bus or subway and take it authorizing new submarines. I wish I honor on one's putative opponent. And it to the ultimate receiver. That will cost you certainly does not represent the cessa $5.85 as against $2.05 cents in stamps. If the could say that our building rate was ap tion of hostility and conflict of interest. document goes cross-country, the courier 1n proaching theirs. But, regrettably, we We and the Soviets will obviously con New York puts it on a plane; his counter have been funding them a lot more tinue to pursue conflicting objectives in part in essence meets the plane in Los An rapidly than we can build them. geles and takes the document to whomever many areas of the world. is to receive it. Cost: approximately $32. The two shipyards building our latest Detente starts from the search for con class of nuclear attack submarines have For the extra cost you get extra value. trols on conflicts, and from shared in The government mailmen require you to encountered delays of as long as 2 years terests. I do not think we have any real put the com.munic'l.tlon in a mall drop, from from originally scheduled delivery dates. alternative to this search. The question which it ls eventually picked up and taken We have already funded 28 of them, then becomes not whether detente, but to a central sorting terminal. If the delivery and the first one has yet to be delivered how. As one who feels we were ripped off is across town, the document 1s sent to a to the fleet. The four submarines which in such matters as East-West trade and local postal branch, then goes into the the House recently authorized will not postal route, and finally ts delivered. In New the 1972 grain deal, I think we must be York, that can take two or three days, or need to be put on contract for up to 2 just as tough and uncompromising as the even longer. years, and under the most optimistic Soviets. Thus, we should take Solzhenit Their high fees notwithstanding, the scheduling, their construction cannot syn's warning as an indication of just couriers are being used more and more. Pa.rt begin until around 1980. how tough and hardnosed we must be in of the reason is economic: Time is money. It was on this basis that I proposed attempting detente with the Soviets. Another apparent reason ls psychological, an amendment to the defense bill to That is the task which lies before us in a kind of rising expectation as to the speed delete funding for two of these sub with which things should move. Says Puro the foreseeable future. Solzhenitsyn's lator Vice President Jack Milne: "A major marines. My point was a very straight message will have had great value if it reason behind the 20% to 30% annual forward one. Irrespective of whether or helps us to undertake that task with a growth 1n this business 1s that everything not we need these submarines, there is full realization of the nature and charac 1s moving faster today. You ca.n leave New simply no purpose to be served by buy- ter of the other party to detente. York this afternoon and have dinner 1n 11490 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 Los Angeles. You expect the same for your permanently engraved registration num Just as Autos are individually registered communications." bers, the central registration system through the State Registration System . . . ELECTRONIC COMPETITORS and pure bred Dogs a.re individually regis helps deter the theft of bicycles and aids tered through the A.K.C. System ... Now ... For this very reason, courters themselves in the identification of all bicycles re face stiff competition from rapidly adv&nc Finally • . . Bicycles are individually Regis covered by law enforcement agencies. tered through W.W.C.A. lng electronic delivery systems. The Federal The World Wide Cycling Association is Reserve System-backed electronic funds The Alm of WWCA is to Have Every Bicycle transfer ls beginning to 11m1t the impor also interested in the safety of the bicycle Properly Registered by it's Assigned Number. tance to the couriers of their old-line can rider. During it.s present registration It is accomplishing this goal through the celed check delivery business. Dollar volume drive, the World Wide Cycling Associa cooperation of Law Enforcement Agencies, on th&t business ls still growing. But while tion is giving each new member a large Organizations, Bicycling Enthusiasts, Mer some 90 % of Purolator's courter revenues bike safety triangular re:flector. This chants, Individuals and WWCA Directors All were accounted for by canceled check de over the Natlo:a. large supplemental warning system is E&eh locality has it's own WWCA Director liveries in 1969, 42% were last year. Pu:o five times larger in area than conven lator's Jack Milne sees the figure dropping who assists in the Registration and Engrav to 25% or less within five years. tional bike re:flectors. When a light ing of Bicycles, and informing the public of And there are the electronic message strikes its surface, almost 1,000 tiny the many services of being a WWCA Member, transmittal systems of Xerox, International prisms send back a bright red warning and Registering their bicycles. Business Machines, Minnesota Mining & beacon that is visible up to 500 feet away. This Registration ls accomplished by mall Manufacturing and even Exxon-part of the This re:flector is the international symbol ing in a small Registration Card. These cards omce equipment revolution (FORBES, Dec. 15, for slow moving vehicles and warns mo are made available by all types of Businesses, 1975). These systems can deliver the written Individuals and Civic and Public Service torists that a bicycle is ahead of them. Organizations who are interested in promot (or computered) word in minutes, not hours. I commend Mr. Peterson and the Until last year, a Xerox telecopler required ing this World Wide Registration. WWCA Di at least 120 minutes to send a 30-page docu World Wide Cycling Association for their rectors place these cards in All types of ment. Now the document can be sent 1n 60 work in detering bicycle thefts and in establishments ranging from Bike Shops to minutes on Xerox' new Telecopler 200. promoting bicycle safety. For the consid Dry Cleaners-Grocery Stores--Service Sta "We're ftndlng th&t people are considering eration.of my colleagues in the Congress, tlons--Just any place ... "Ask for a WWCA these machines for their mallrooms to send I am inserting in the CONGRESSIONAL Registration Card". many documents," says Xerox product mar Police Agencies from all over the Nation RECORD further information about the are requested to contact the WWCA Inter keting manager James Clark. association. I am sure many police de The U.S. Postal Service ls trying to com national Headquarters a.t Drawer 38201, Cin pete via its new "express mall" service. The partments would be interested in pro cinnati, Ohio 45238 lf they presently have government postmen are even trying to join moting bicycle registration under the any "Registered" Bicycles in their custody ... the electronic revolution. They are already World Wide Cycling Association. The as Or 1f they ever recover any . . . Or 1f they there with Western Union's Mallgrams. And sociation's address is 4939 Glenway want any addition.al information regarding the USPS recently signed a $2.3-mlllion con Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45238. The in the registering and engraving. Any Regis tract with Pitney-Bowes to work on an elec formation follows: tered Bicycle can now be easily traced to it's rightful owner ... no matter what the City, tronic system. (NEWS RELEASE] However, as the electronic transmission of State or even County of it's orgin. messages grows, there remain many items There is a brand new organization that ls Soon. nobody will buy a used Bicycle with that can't be reduced to an electronic im finally doing something that has been sorely out first checking the Registration with pulse: eyeglasses, dental plates, computer needed for a long, long time--and that is WWCA ... nor will they buy a new Bicycle replacement parts, signed documents and Permanently "Registering" Bicycles. without Registering it and obtaining their many more. World Wide Cycling Association, with In permanent Registration number. Meanwhile, given the nature of bureauc ternational Headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio . WWCA ls interested in the Safety of the racy, postal rates will continue to go up and has provided a Central Registration System Bicycle Rider ... and in it's present "Regis service down. The USPS has recently an for bicycles from all over the World. tration Drlve"-WWCA ls Giving each new nounced it will cut business mail deliveries Their Registration System helps deter the member a large "Bike Safety, Triangular from thrice to twice daily in New York City, theft of Bicycles and a.ids in the identifica Reflector". This large Supplemental Warning and from twice to once in nine other Eastern tion of a.11 Bicycles recovered by Law En System ls Five times larger in area than cities. Cuts from twice to once in the South foroement Agencies. conventional Bike Reflectors ... and when a and Southwest are under consideration. Through their Unique, simplified method light strikes its surface almost 1,000 tiny The trouble is that the Post Office ls still of Police approved Permanently engraved prisms send back a bright Red Warning more featherbed and pork barrel than it is Registration numbers ... applied to at least Beacon that is visible up to 500 feet away. business. "Our customers," Postmaster Gen four ( 4) places on the Bicycle ... the Country This reflector is the International symbol eral Benjamin F. Ballar recently warned and the World Now has a. "'Central" Identi for Slow Moving Vehicles a.nd ls attached to Congress, "are turning to alternate, less ex fication Registration System. the ba.ck of a. Bicycle seat and warns motor pensive means of communication. As rates This individually assigned Registration ists what is ahead . . . Unmlstakenly . . . a go higher, public resistance grows firmer and number (each number begins with the letters Bike. volume drops even more." And, he might WW) also assists in the re-sale of the bicycle Besides promoting Bicycle Safety, the Mul have added, creates new opportunities for and once again deters the re-sale of a stolen ti-Purpose of WWCA ls it's dedication to the alert businessmen. bicycle. principle of promoting the welfare of the Any Registered Bicycle Can Now Be Easily Bicycle Owner. Each Owner has quite an in Traced to It's Rightful Owner ... No Matter vestment in his Bicycle, and WWCA helps what the City or State of Origin. protect that investment . . . and helps pro No computers are needed ... and a simple mote Bicycling all over the World. MR. WILLIAM M. PETERSON OF 'glance' can tell you that the WW number A member receives this permanently as LEAVITI'SBURG, omo, INTRO is indeed reigstered and Protected by World signed "WW" Registration Number ... in DUCES THE WORLDWIDE CY Wide Cycling Association. formation on obtaining different kinds of CLING ASSOCIATION And Protected they are ... because WWCA Insurance for his Bicycle and himself whlle offers a $200.00 Cash Reward for any informa riding his Bicycle ... cooperation with Police J. tion leading to arrest and conviction of any Agencies in Re-Sa.le, Identification, Reward HON. CHARLES CARNEY individual or group of individuals found Protection, Recovery, etc., 1f Bicycle ls ever OF OHIO guilty of stealing a WWCA member's bicycle. stolen . . . Publications . . . Promotions . . • IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And ... up to an additional $200.00 Cash Rallys ... Lobbying and Representation for BETI'ER BICYCLING and BETTER PATHS Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Bonus just !or assisting in the return of a. stolen bicycle that belongs to a WWCA mem etc. etc. Their motto is "Our Aim Is to Serve Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, a constitu ber. You and Stop Bike Thefts." ent of mine, Mr. William M. Peterson, re Anybody is eligible for this reward . . . Complete information can be obtained by cently sent me a letter informing me of young or old, private citizen; or individual writing directly to: World Wide Cycling As law enforcement, police officers and/ or de sociation, 4939 Glenway Avenue, Cincinnati. the activities of the World Wide Cycling Ohio 45238, U.S.A. Association, of which he is a local direc partments and organizations. tor in Leavittsburg, Ohio. WWCA is doing it's part to stamp out The World Wide Cycling Association, bicycle stealing and Mr. 'Bike Thief' is cer MAY WE PRESENT 0oR CREDENTIALS? with international headquarters in Cin tainly taking a big chance if he 'tampers' WORLDWIDE CYCLING AsSOCIATION, with a WWCA member's bike. Even if he 4939 GLENWAY AVE., cinnati, Ohio, .has established a central succeeded in stealin g it ... where in the CinC'fnnatt, Ohio. registration system for bicycles from all World could he Sell it or the identifiable WorldW11de Cycling Association wa.s found over the world. Through their unique, parts??? The person he tries to sell lt to, ed after years of research on the needs of simpllfied method of police approved could call the police and claim the reward. bicycling, owners, and registration. WWCA April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11491 was 'offlcially' founded on the 16th of April, Less than one-half of 1 % of policemen CURRENT STATUS OF U.S.-FLAG 1974, and did not start actively registering mistlt that uniform. TANKERS bicycles and enrolling members until the late He of all men is at once the most needed summer of 1974. and most unwanted. WWCA was founded by it's current presi A policeman must be such a diplomat that HON. THOMAS N. DOWNING dent ... Mr. Jud Cagney. he can settle differences between individuals OF vmGINIA It's designated purpose and general na so that each wm think he won. ture of business conducted is the registering But ... IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of bicycles and enrollment of club members. If a policeman 1s pleasant, he's a flirt; U Tuesday, April 27, 1976 Mr. Cagney is a well-known, ethical, re he's not, he's a grouch. spected Cinclnna.ti businessman, and a life He must be able to start breathing, stop Mr. DOWNING of Virginia. Mr. Speak long native of Cincinnati. bleeding, tie splints and above all be sure er, as all my distinguished colleagues are He was the founder and former president the victim goes home without a Ump ••• or well aware, the Nation stlli faces grave of the internationally known "Imperial De expect to be sued. problems concerning energy resources tective Academy". Associates from his private An omcer must know every gun, draw on and continues to grapple with the ques detective enterprise 'span the world'. H1s ex the run, and hit where it doesn't hurt. tion of how to deal with dwindling perience in theft rings, engraved markings, He must be able to whip two men twice identification, recovery etc. prompted his re his size and half his age without being domestic fuel supplies. Relative to that search into the bicycle field. 'brutal'. question are the current status and the Mr. Cagney is an entrepreneur, free lance If you hit him, he's a coward; U he hitl future of U.S.-:flag tankers. writer and business consultant. He 1s a pro you, he's a bully. In that connection, Mr. Speaker, I moter of many successful business enter He must know where all the sin ts ••• would like to take this opportunity to prises. Currently, he 1s also the president of and not partake. share with my colleagues some very time "Associates Assistance Advertising Company", The policeman must chase bum leads to ly, pertinent, and thoughtful observa with membership in the chamber of com a dead end, stake out 10 nights to find one tions on the subject of U.S.-:flag tank merce, and the American Advertising Fed· witness who saw it happen . • . but refuses eration, 1225 Connecticut Ave. N.W., Wash to remember. ers. I commend to my colleagues the re ington, D.C. 20036. The policeman must be a min1ster, a soclal marks of Mr. Michael R. Naess, execu In all his business dealings Mr. Cagney worker, a diplomat, a tough guy and a tive vice president and direct.or of the adheres to his life long motto . . . "plain gentleman. Zapata Corp., made February 3, 1976, talk & common sense, with no fancy double And, of course, he'll have to be a genius.... before the Norwegian-American Cham talk". For he'll have to feed a family on a pollce- ber of Commerce in Houston, Tex.: ma.n's salary. References are many . . . including . . • U.S.-FLAG TANKERS: DEAD, OR JUST DoRKANT? To ... All Law Enforcement Agencies: Greater Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce, (By Micha.el R. Naess) 120 W. 5th St. Cinti. o. 45202 ... Southern Please read over the "News Release". Ohio Bank, Western Hllis Branch, 5100 Glen WWCA has been founded to provide a By way of preliminary remarks, let me way Ave., Cinti. 0. 45238 ... Edwin A. Wes much needed service in your community make it quite clear that I am not an expert selman, Attorney at Law, 3526 Glenmore Ave., and communities all over the world-a Cen on U.S. flag shipping, or in fact on a.nYthing Cinti. 0. 45211 ... Earl's Printing Co. 3520 tral Registration System for Bicycles. This ls else. There are only two kinds of experts Harrison Ave., Cinti. 0. 45211 ... Fraternity an additional supplement to any City, State, these days: University professors, and Oon Printing Co., 1718 Blue Rock St., Cinti. o. or Local Registrations that a community gressional committee chairmen. For the mo 45223 ... Clifford Oliver Accounting Co. may already have. ment at least, I am neither of these. In fact 3139 Harrison Ave., Cinti. 0. 45211 ... Stein Through our system of Police Approved the only characteristic that qualifies me in hauser Inc., 926 Wareham Dr.. Cinti, o. engraving of permanent Registration Num any way to stand before you today ls the 45202 . . . A-R-N Carton & Pkg Co. Inc., bers . .. applied to at least four (4) places fifty percent or so of Norweigian blood that 435 Reading Rd., Cintl. O. 45202 ... The on the bicycle . . . we Now have a Central I seem to have inherited. Printery, 6500 Glenway Ave., Cinti. O. 45238 identification Registration System. Now, some definitions. Because this is a ... B.E.M. Mfg. Inc., 2350 Lafayette Ave., All WWCA Registration Numbers Begin Norwegian-American Chamber of Commerce, Bronx, N.Y. 10473 ... Cincinnati Container With the Letters "WW". and because many of you for that reason are Co. Inc., 2833 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati, Any WWCA Registered Bike can now easily oriented towards Norwegian commerce, and 0.45225. be traced to its rightful owner ... no matter because shipping has traditionally played so what the City or State of origin. A simple dominant a role in Norwegian business, I glance or inspection of any 'recovered' Bike have chosen to talk briefly about U.S. flag THANK You FOR TAKING TIME To READ THIS wlli 'tell' you that you can simply call or shipping. Here, when I talk about shipping, IMPORTANT NOTIFICATION write WWCA for complete ownership docu I am talking about bulk shipping. I know WORLDWIDE CYCLING ASSOCIATION, mentation. nothing and have never had anything to do 4939 GLENWAY AVE., So .. . if you presently have any Bicycles with the general cargo business. Further Cincinnati, Ohfo. in your custody that are engraved with a set more, I am even more specifically concerning CASH-$200.00 REWARD of numbers beginning with the letters "WW", myself With U.S. flag bulk shipping in inter please write or call us and we will furnish national commerce. As most of you know, For any information or assistance leading you with the name and address of the right the U.S. coastwlse trades are protected from to the arrest, conviction in open court on ful owner. The same goes for any individual foreign competition by the Jones Act. As far public record, sentencing and incarceration parts or pieces of a. dis-assembled bike with as tankers are concerned, the future of the of any individual or group of individuals the code letters on them. (Now and Future.) U.S. coastwise trade can today be sum found guilty of stealing an active WWCA Through this Notification program, a marized in a single question: will the decline member's properly registered and perma WWCA registered Bike can NEVER be sold tn domestic oil production and the resultant nently marked bicycle. at an auction because the lawful owner ls decline in the movement of crude from the (Member is to file, written, signed theft not known. Gulf to East Coast refineries be adequately . report with his or her local police depart And . . . WWCA Provides a Cash Reward offset, in terms of tonnage requirements, by ment . . . and then send a. notarized dupli and Bonus (as listed above). This money the coming on-stream of Alaskan crude and cate copy to WWCA Int. Hq., Reward can be used for whatever purpose an indi its movement down coast to refineries and Division.) vidual or department sees fit ... persona.I, pipeline outlets, mainly in California? I - And . . . up to an additional total of charity, or retirement fund. think the answer to that question ts a $200.00 in Cash Reward Bonuses for notifica Our aim is to have every bicycle in the cautious yes; but the Alaskan trade w1ll be tion (letter or phone call to Int. Hq.) and/or Nation properly registered and engraved no windfall for private independent owners. assistance in the return of a stolen bicycle with our WW numbers (and then other It Will, rather, be carefully controlled by rel belonging to an active WWCA member, that Nations). atively few major oil companies, in particu has been properly reported to Police and We are accomplishing this goal through lar those which are producing and selling the WWCA (as per above instructions) and is the cooperation of Civic minded individuals, North Slope crude. registered and is permanently marked with Businesses and Lawmen as listed on the en Having dealt perhaps in over-simplified assigned "WW" numbers according to WWCA closed New Release, and through our WWCA fashion with the coastwise trade, I will now specifications. Directors located in areas throughout the confine my remarks to the prospects for U.S. Anybody is eligible for this reward . . . Country. Your cooperation in this Registra flag tankers in the foreign comerce of the young or old; private citizen or individual tion Program for our Central Files 1s most U.S. Is the industry dead, or just dormant? law enforcement, police offlcers and/or de urgently needed. Now let us pa.use to review some background. partments and organizations. Please Feel Free to Write Us for Any Infor Without any question, the milestone event in mation That You May Wish ... or Contact the history of the U.S. bulk shipping indus WE CAN STOP BIKE THEFTS Our Local WWCA Director Who Is Listed try was the Merchant Marine Act of 1970, What are policemen made of? Below. which 1s more properly defined as an amend A policeman 1s a composition of what all Your Local WWCA Director Is: WilUam M. ment passed in 1970 to the original 1936 men a.re, a mingling of saint and sinner, dust Peterson, 3806 Turner Rd., Leavitt.sburg, Oh. Merchant Marine Act. The effect of this and deity. 44430. amendment was to grant numerous govern- 11492 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 2·7, 1976 mental a.ids to U.S. flag bulk ships. These riers were ordered from shipyards such as tion, development, and later production. As aids. for the most pa.rt. had previously been Avondale in New Orleans, Newport News in a general rule, our customers in the offshore available only to general cargo vessels. For Virginia, Bethlehem at Sparrows Point, Sun drilling business reduced their offshore ex those of you who may not be aware of this at Chester, Pennsylvania, Quincy, MA, Todd ploration budgets in 1975 by amounts rang program. let me briefly list the major forms at LA and NASSCO in San Diego. Seatrain ing from 20-40 percent. More recently. Pres of assistance made available in 1970: even set out to revitalize the old Brooklyn ident Ford signed into law the compromise. 1. Construction Differential Subsidy, affec Navy Yard to produce a series of 225,000 ton omnibus Energy Bi11 and as a result of the tionately known as CDS. under which the VLCCs. Some of these vessels admittedly were consequent prolongation of unrealistic crude government pays to the shipyard the differ ordered without CDS for the Alaskan crude price controls, the industry may be forced ence between the U.S. selling price (includ trade, or by major oil companies without into more budget cuts. That is what I call ing a fair profit to the ya.rd) and the prevail Title XI. Notwithstanding these mitigating bad news tor our drilling business. Inci ing price at the time for a comparable for considerations, the program initiated by the dentally, it may also be bad news for each of eign-built ship. The object of the exercise is 1970 Act, the goal of which was to create a us as future energy consumers. to put the U.S. owner at parity with his signiflcant expansion in the U.S.-fiag share But it should be good news for tanker foreign competition, at least on a replace of our bulk movements, both imports and owners. since reduction of exploration today ment cost basis. The replacement cost aspect exports, jumped off to an impressive start. must inevitably mean less domestic oil pro of the CDS mechanism is of critical impor We at Zapata took careful note. Although duction in the future. And th81t means more tance today, and I will return to discuss it at the time we were operating a 40-ship fleet on imports than would otherwise be the more fully shortly. under foreign-flag, and were committed to case. However, the international tanker in 2. Operating Differential Subsfd.71 (ODS) : the construction of over $100 million worth of dustry 1s presently in what may well be the Same principle as CDS. where MAB.AD w1ll new foreign vessels, we were attracted by the worst depression in its history. Freight rates pay the owner on an annual basis, and in U.S. aid package and we commenced late in currently stand at levels which mean losses cash, the amount by which the owner's 1970 to study opportunities under U.S. reg for even the most competitive foreign-flag operating costs u.n,der the U.S. fla.g exceed istry. As most of you know, at that point tankers built at the cheap prices prevailing a reasonable assessment of foreign ftag oper in time the tanker market was booming. a. decade ago. Lay-up statistics are heading ating costs for comparable vessels in similar Worldwide economic growth, and in par for new highs. During the last twelve trades. ticular world oil consumption. had been months, something over 50 milllon dead 3. Title XI. Financing Guarantees: The registering historically high levels of growth weight tons of tanker orders have been can Federal Government will guarantee First since 1968 and were projected by most rosy celled officially and unofficially around the Mortgage debt secured by the vessel in an eyed analysts to continue at the same rate world Some industry experts are predict amount varying from between 76 percent of growth indefinitely. ing that even if cancellation totals reach and a maximum of 87% percent of the de In the summer of 1973 we at Zapata con 60 million tons, there will nevertheless be livered cost of the vessel for periods of up cluded that if the world tanker industry were a. surplus of tanker tonnage throughout the to 25 yea.rs. Ba.ck in our foreign-flag shipping not at its high, then 1t was not far from it. remainder of the 70's. This situation, as bad days. we were happily accustomed to expect, In addition, we were extremely concerned as it is for everyone in the business, is par as the best possible financing, the old Jap that the pronouncements by OPEC countries ticularly distressing for the U.S. tanker in anese formula which held steady for almost to the effect that they intended to integrate dustry, since we had only just begun to build 20 years from 1950 to just short of 1970, and downstream, including the shipping phase of our momentum. One of the most fundamen this was 80 percent of the ya.rd selllng prtce the industry, were sincere and as a result tal points which seems most often ignored for the vessel repayable over eight years at we sold our entire foreign-flag operation for in the long standing controversy over the 5 % percent. Certainly the Title XI program. a value in excess of $200 million, and com cost effectiveness of U.S. flag tankers is that which effectively provides 20-year financing mitted ourselves publicly to investing 1n by definition, U.S. flag tankers, even with at the government's long term borrowing U.S.-flag tankers. the full benefit package extended to them rate plus a small fee, ts inflnitely better than As of today. we have in operation or under by the Merchant Marine Act of 1970 cannot anything we have worked with under foreign compete with older foreign-bunt tonnage in flag. construction, flve U.S.-fiag tankers worth at cost in excess of $150 million. As you know. the short run. The reason 1s that we started 4. Capital Construction Fund: This is a so late, and tha.t Murphy's law of inflation device basically offered to a U.S. flag ship we a.re also a major offshore drilling con tractor. These two of our businesses--off always penalizes the most recent ship to he owner by MARAD, with the consent of the built, at least for awhile For example, u.s. Treasury, whereby an owner can deposit an shore drilling and the tanker industry-are supposed to be reciprocally related, and built VLCC's, ranging in size from 225,000 to of h1s taxable income (if indeed he has any, 390.000 deadwelght tons and scheduled for a rare phenomenon these days) into a Fund, what's bad news for one is supposed to be good news for the other. When there is a delivery over the next few years, will cost and perhaps indeflnitely defer his tax lla their owners over $200 per ton even after blllty. Any interest earned on such deposits great deal of offshore exploration activity. that's good for our drilling and service boat subsidy, compared to a current average cost to the Fu.nd ts also tax free. Any funds with of $120 per ton for the foreign-built fleet drawn from the Capital Construction Fund operations; but when exploration results in discoveries followed by increased oil produc which tncludes 200,000 tanners delivered in for purposes of reinvestment in a new vessel the late 1960's at $70 per ton. But in the are withdrawn without tax implications ex tion in any area of the world that is geo graphically close to a center of consumption, longer run, the older and cheaper foreign cept that the depreciable basis in the new fla.g vessels must necessarily depreciate, de vessel is reduced by the amount withdrawn that is bad for the tanker business. As of today, in a somewhat unusual, and we hope teriorate, grow more costly to operate, and from the Fund. Under our good old foreign eventually phase out. With the benefits of flag days, we sailed under the flags of temporary set of circumstances, we are con CDS, ODS, and Title XI, the u .s. flag fleet Liberia, Panama, and Bermuda. and we paid fronted with a hopelessly depressed tanker would soon have become competitive 1ntema• no taxes. The only respect in which the market combined with a sadly deteriorated tionally. The initial cost disadvantage would Capital Construction Fund is inferior to a offshore drilling market. have been, in effect, the cost of a late start. tax haven registry is that it involves sub Last year the Congress passed the Tax Re and would gradually have disappeared. In stantial red tape. is cumbersome to admin duction Act of 1975, the primary purpose of this context the bill known as HR 8198, enti ister, and as already stated, subjects the which was stated to be the stimulation of tled the Energy Transportation Security Act, owner to some restrictions on the use of his our economy. But as you know, at the last and commonly referred to as the Cargo Pref funds. minute the Act was expanded to include erence Act, could have been viewed as the Let me sumarize these four key aids: provisions which almost completely elimi gentle nudge required to urge a growing in nated the depletion allowance, adversely af fant to its feet and start it walking on its With the benefit of CDS and ODS the U.S. fected the tax deductibility in the U.S. of fla.g owner, at lea.st theoretically, sans on a own. The Congress passed the b111 In 1974 with taxes paid on foreign operations, and limited healthy margins in both houses. But where basis where his costs have been equated to the deductib111ty of intangible drllling costs. those of his foreign competition. With the the Congress, through taxes and price con The aggregate effect of these provisions was trols ensures a higher level of oil imports in benefit of Title XI, his debt service on an to increase the Federal income taxes cur annual basis, again theoretically, ls lower the future than would otherwise be the case. renty payable by the oil industry by an the President, through hls veto of HR 8198 in than that of his foreign competition. And amount estimated at $1.6 billion per annum. with the Capital Construction Fund, he is January of 19'75 told us not to worry a.bout With price controls on old crude production, more ships--a.t least U.S fiaig, U.S. built almost as tax-free as his foreign competition. as well as continuing regulation of inter As a package. it is extremely tmpreeslve. ones. As a result, the growth of U.S. flag state gas sales, the increases in the indus tankers intended for international trading The passage of the 1970 amendment, after try's tax bill produced an almost equivalent a slight delay during which everyone looked has staggered to a complete stop. No such decrease in the industry's net cash flow, tankers have been ordered since June 29, for hidden hookers and found virtually none, the direct consequence of which was a re 1974. The industry ls, in fact, regressing produced a scramble of orders for those few duction, again by an almost equivalent through cancellation of old orders. The Pres U.S. shipyards who cranked up and went amount, in exploration and development. ident must believe that there will always be after private work. In the period through The vast majority of this country's undis plenty of low cost foreign-flag vessels to June of 1974 an impressive number of tank covered on and gas reserves lie offshore; but handle whatever level of oil imports this ers, OBO's. products vessels, and LNG car- this is also the highest-cost area for explora- country may require. April 27, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 11493 Wha.t he a.nd others may be ignoring ls the Popular Unity government in Chile in Chilean Communist Party and its mili fa.ct that in the current depression, the only September 1973, a few short weeks before tant Marxist-Leninist partner, the people, who are expanding their tanker fleets Salvador Allende's Soviet and Cuban Chilean Socialist Party, who are mostly through acquisitions and new orders-and they're doing it at an accelerating pa.ce--a.re backed supporters intended to stage an living abroad, the NICH extensively pub the oll exporting countries. They do so as armed uprising to make, as the Leninists licizes the actions of Chile's MIR ter pa.rt of an understandable, highly predict like to say, the course of the Chilean rev rorists. able, in fact almost inevitable effort to inte lution "irreversible," an international The ~Movimiento de Izquierda grate their oil production industries down support apparatus has been established Revolucionaria-Movement of the Rev stream towards their markets. During the de to aid the cause of the Marxist-Leninists olutionary Left-was formed from Chil ba. te in Congress over HR 8193, the testimony in Chile. In the United States, support ean Trotskyist. New Left, and Castroite of the Departments of Sta.te and Defense vig for the deposed Chilean revolutionaries elements who called for immediate orously denied any strategic value whatso ever in substituting U.S. registry for foreign and terrorists has been developed by armed struggle and terrorism to provoke registry of tankers engaged in the movement three main U.S. revolutionary groupings: a revolution in Chile. MIR was exten of U.S. oil imports. I think they overlooked the Trotskyist Communist Socialist sively armed by the Cubans during Al something. As the oil exporting nations' own Workers Party--SWP-through its lende's regime. MIR criticized some of ership and control of the world tanker fleet front, the U.S. Committee for Justice to Allende's plans as too moderate, but 1n grows, displacing the control of the import Latin American Political Prisoners fact MIR acted as Allende's shock troops ing nations, an interesting but alarming pros USLA-the Communist Party, U.S.A. and goon squad. Andres Pascal Allende, pect emerges. In the case of the oil embargo CPUSA-through its National Coordi son of Salvador Allende's sister, Laura., of late 1973, the point at which our oil sup plies were cut off was at the various load nating Center in Solidarity with Chile was for years a top Mm leader. After a ports in the Middle East. The tankers which NCCSC-and local Chile Solidarity shootout with Chilean security forces were then loaded and underway kept coming. Committees; and the New Left and last winter he took refuge in the Costa That meant, in effect, a. floating pipeline of Castroites through Non-Intervention in Rican Embassy. After several months continuing supplies a.bout 35 days long. That Chile-NICH-as wel1 as the NCCSC. asylum he was granted a safe conduct was 35 days worth of time to react to the As in the case of the Venceremos to Costa Rica. emba.rgo--time'"to prepare plans, to seek al Brigade, many of the American New The MIR is a member of the JCR ternative solutions, to tighten our belts. But Left revolutionaries who first :flocked to Junta Coordinadora Revolucionaria-the to whatever extent the oil exporting nations control the tanker fleets of tomorrow, then support of the Che Guevara and Fidel Revolutionary Coordinating Commit to that extent the cuto:ff point for our sup Castro in the 1960's were found by tee-the "terrorist international" plies in the next embargo, when and if it Cuban standards of behavior to be un formed by the MIR of Chile, the ERP occurs, will be at our very coastline. And to disciplined and unreliable because of of Argentina, the ELN of Bolivia. and that same extent, we will have lost our re their drug use and sexual deviancy, and the MLN-Tupamaros-of Uruguay. action time. Given the pace at which Wash so the Communist Party, U.S.A. is used Hundreds of "Miristas" and other ex ington seems normally to operate, the loss to oversee Cuban-sponsored projects in tremist Chilean leftists are reportedly could be a very real one. the United States. The heavy-handed ap Let me conclude: receiving guerrilla training from CUban Without some form of cargo preference to proach of the CPUSA alienates many po instructors in camps in isolated areas of provide incubator time, the U.S. flag tanker tential New Left recruits, and one fre Argentina. industry wlll remain dormant for a long time; quently sees parallel groups being The MIR is a member of the Chilean and if you're dormant for long enough, you formed to work on the same issue, with "Anti-Fascist Resistance," composed of might as well be dead. The replacement-cost subsequent attempts at co-optation. the Chilean Communist, Socialist, and basis for CDS is of no value when, during the NICH committees were first noticed in other smaller radical parties who had next few years, tankers will change hands at 1973 before the overthrow of the Allende composed Allende's Unidad Popular coa foreclosure values, and their new owners' cost regime, protesting U.S. anti-Allende eco bases will be one-third or less of current re lition. The "Resistencia" is backed by placement cost levels. The old Cargo Prefer nomic and other po1icies. Since 1973, the Soviet Union and all of its support ence Bill was cumbersomely drafted and did NICH committees have been active in ers, principally Cuba; and it is clear that perhaps seek to do all things for all men to Berkeley, Calif.; Washington, D.C.; they find the MIRV's Guevarist terror an impractical extreme; but its primary ob Carn.bridge, Mass.; and other areas. ism useful at the present stage of affairs. jective was valid. The statistics on U.S. oil While the National Coordinating Com The NICH support of MIR terrorism imports for 1975 show us back where we were mittee in Solidarity with Chile had been and revolutionary "anti-imperialism" is before the 1973 embargo, at about 6 m1111on set up as a national organization early in clear from its statement of principles: barrels per day. In 1976, we wlll import more 1974, with NICH participation, it was not than 7 million barrels per day. Even with the "Non-Intervention in Chile supports the help of our Alaskan production, our 1980 im until November 1975, that the NICH Chilean resistance in its struggle against ports must surely exceed 10 mlll1on barrels groups met to form an official national the military dictatorship, opposes U.S. per day. Free trade, and in particular, free organization. intervention in its support of that dic dom of maritime trade, ls a principle upon National NICH operates from P.O. Box tatorship, and expresses solidarity with which the great fleets of Norway. Greece, 800, Berkeley, Calif. 94701 (415/548- Hong Kong, Liberia, and many others, have 3221) . Local NICH chapters include: the united Chilean Left and the interna been founded, and I continue to support it. Latin American Solidarity Group tional solidarity movement.'' But not for oll in a world where oil, as of NICH, P.O. Box 7611, Station C, Atlanta, The NICH statement continues with october 1973, is a strategic commodity and Ga. 30309. an explication of "proletarian interna an Instrument of certain nations' foreign tionalism" and a demonstration of its policy. The U.S. cannot safely continue to Berkeley NICH, P.O. Box 800, Berke confine itself to moving, under its own reg ley, Calif. 94701. Leninist ideology: "NICH sees Chile sol growing istry. less than five percent of its own oil im San Francisco NICH, P.O. Box 6669, idarity work as part of the strug ports. Hence, I believe, cargo preference must San Francisco, Calif. 94101. gle against U.S. imperialism. The organi and will come, and as a result, the U.S. flag Seattle NICH. P.O. Box 12074, Seattle, zation believes that the firmest basis of tanker industry wlll wa.ke up. Wash. 98112. solidarity with the Chilean resistance 1s LAPAG-NICH, 2434 Guadalupe, Aus the recognition that we and the Chilean tin, Tex. 78705. resistance fighters are 'companeros de THE ANTI-CHILE CAMPAIGN; THE lucha'--comrades in struggle, against a NICH ORGANIZATION Chile Action Group-NICH, 1151 Mas sachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Mass. common enemy. This enemy is the sys 02138. tem of imperialism which, as the mo HON. LARRY McDONALD Buffalo NICH, P.O. Box 40, Norton nopoly stage of capitalism, exploits work OF GEORGIA Union, SUNY, Buffalo, N.Y. 14214. ers both here and in Chile. Hence, NICH's IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Washington, D.C. NICH. P .0. Box strategy of anti-imperialist solidarity 32115, Washington, D.C. 20007. work is based on the needs and develop Tuesday. April 27, 1976 While the NCCSC and the Chile Soli ment of the resistance in Chile and of Mr. McDONALD of Georgia.. Mr. darity Committees principally publicize the U.S. working class movement." Speaker, since the fall of the Marxist the statements and personalities of the The NICH statement clearly indicates 11494 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 27, 1976 that the group accepts a Marxist-Lenin idarity work," and said that he expected Lives in Chile, 1600 S. 14th Avenue, May ist ideology. NICH's proclaiming itself at to receive information in return from wood, ID. 60153. the service of the "resistance" in Chile NICH. Philadelphia Chile Emergency Com is a cause for concern. "Solidarity" work NICH publishes a Chile Newsletter, mittee, 610 S. 6th Street, Philadelphia, by U.S. revolutionaries has ra,nged from now in a tabloid format, for $5 a year Pa. showing revolutionary movies to picket from its Berkeley address. The NICH LAGLAS, c/o ECM, 2208 Tuller Road, lines to bombings such as those already political position statement, "Political Los Angeles, Calif. 90032. carried out by the Weather Underground Perspectives," is also available. NICH has Information Services on Latin Amer Organization and other New Left terror listed approved "resource" groups and ica--ISLA-P.O. Box 4267, Berkeley, ist groups. Chile support committees which include: Calif. 94704-provides monthiy press The close connection between the National Coordinating Center in Sol clippings of all articles on Chile for NICH and the Cubans is documented by idarity with Chile---NCCSC-156 Fifth $6/month. a letter received in January, 1976, by Avenue, Room 516, New York, N.Y. 10010 Among the publications recommended "companero"---0omrade---Bob High of (212/989-0085). by NICH are the Resistance Courier, the NICH from the Havana-based Commit New York Chile Solidarity Committee, "bulletin of the MIR outside Chile," tee of Solidarity with the Chilean Anti 156 Fifth Avenue, Room 322, New York, which is available for a $10 subscription fascist Resistance. Signed by solidarity N.Y. 10010. from Resistance Publications, P.O. Box committee president Francisco Fernan North American Congress on Latin 116, Oakland, Calif. 94604. dez, the letter commended the transfor America CNACLA), P.O. Box 226, Berke NICH's role as a support apparatus mation of NICH into a national organi ley, Calif. 94701; and P.O. Box 57, for foreign Communist terrorists and its zation. Fernandez wrote, "We are aware Cathedral Station, New York, N.Y. 10025. connection with a hostile foreign power of the importance of remaining in the CALA, 731 State Street, Madison, Wis. make it an appropriate subject for close closest contact," and offered "every kind 53703. monitoring by both local and Federal of information that may help your sol- Chicago Citizens Committee To Save agencies.