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About the Rational Direction of Heat Supply in the Western Districts of Yakutia

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About the Rational Direction of Heat Supply in the Western Districts of Yakutia ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ÍNDICES / Index A LOS AUTORES / To the AUTORS Vol. 40(Issue 43) Year 2019. Page 25 About the rational direction of heat supply in the Western districts of Yakutia Sobre la dirección racional del suministro de calor en los distritos occidentales de Yakutia ELYAKOVA, Isabella D. 1; ELYAKOV, Alexandr L. 2; PAKHOMOV, Alexandr A. 3; OKHLOPKOV, Mikhail P. 4 & FEDOROVA, Ekaterina Y. 5 Received: 06/09/2019 • Approved: 17/12/2019 • Published 20/12/2019 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results and discussion 4. Conclusions Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMEN: As a result of the research work “Assessment, the main Como resultado del trabajo de investigación "Evaluación, trends in the natural and socio-economic status, human las principales tendencias en el estado natural y potential of the Eastern Economic Zone of the Republic of socioeconómico, el potencial humano de la Zona Sakha (Yakutia)”, this article presents a comparative Económica Oriental de la República de Sakha (Yakutia)", assessment of thermal energy production and este artículo presenta una evaluación comparativa de la consumption efficiency in the Western economic zone producción de energía térmica y eficiencia de consumo (WEZ) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Dynamics en la zona económica occidental (ZEO) de la República de analysis of heat consumption over the past 5 years Sakha (Yakutia). El análisis dinámico del consumo de revealed that the indices of heat consumption in the WEZ calor en los últimos 5 años reveló que los índices de are decreasing. This is due to the systemic absence consumo de calor en las ZEO están disminuyendo. Esto problems of rational fuel and energy balance. The results se debe a los problemas de ausencia sistémica del of the study justify the rational directions of heat supply equilibrio racional de combustible y energía. Los in the Western regions of Yakutia. resultados del estudio justifican las direcciones racionales Keywords: production, consumption, heat supply, del suministro de calor en las regiones occidentales de Western economic zone. Yakutia. Palabras clave: producción, consumo, suministro de calor, zona económica occidental 1. Introduction In order to develop the Energy strategy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period up to 2050, it is necessary to form the conditions for the development of the fuel and energy sector of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), taking into account the development of non-traditional and renewable energy for the WEZ, which can have a significant impact on the economic, social and cultural processes in the Republic. The analysis of production and consumption of fuel and energy resources, taking into account the development of renewable energy to compile a promising fuel and energy balance of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has not been carried out yet. In our study, the following analytical materials were used: Energy Strategy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period up to 2030 (Petrov, 2005), Scheme for the integrated development of productive forces, transport and energy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) up to 2020 (The Scheme for Integrated Development, 2006 ), Fuel and energy balance of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Part. 1 (Petrov , 2005), Scheme and program for the development of the electric power industry of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2017-2021 (The Scheme and Program for the Development), General Layout of Power Facilities (General Plan for Energy Facilities, 2017), Annual Reports of PJSC Yakutskenergo for 2011-2016, Annual Reports of Sakhaenergo PJSC for 2011-2016, Official materials of the Ministry of Housing and Utilities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Official materials of the Ministry of Industry and Geology of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Official materials of the State Committee for Price Policy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), The Scheme and Program for the Development of the Energy Industry of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2017-2021, The Russian Statistical Yearbook Rosstat data etc. The object of the study is utilities and consumers of thermal energy in the WEZ. The aim of the study is: to make an analysis of the heat supply problems in the context of WEZ areas; to give scientific credence of heat supply effective directions in the Western regions of Yakutia. 2. Methodology The problem of conditions for effective long-term energy supply is not new for studying the world economy. For example, the problem of the efficiency of electric heating and the development of renewable energy sources of energy were central to previous studies by Elyakova, Koryagin, Petrov et al. (Elyakova and Koryagina, 2015; Elyakova et al., 2016; Petrov et al., 2010). The study used the following research methods: General scientific methods (systematic and historical method, method of analysis and synthesis); specific research methods (research method, problem- chronological method); theoretical methods with subsequent analysis and generalization of results (statistical, Supervisory and compare, balance and empirical methods). 3. Results and discussion. 3.1. Heat supply general characteristics in WEZ There are seven Western Republic districts in the Western economic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), where the industrial hubs of Mirninsky and Lensky districts, groups of Viluysky agricultural areas and Olekminsky district are combined, they are: the Mirninsky, Lensky, Suntarsky, Nyurbinsky, Verkhnevilyuysky, Vilyuyskiy and Olekminsky districts. Heat supply to consumers of the Western economic zone is carried out by 502 boiler houses which are powered by coal, natural gas, gas condensate, electricity, oil and wood. Diesel fuel is used as a backup fuel for gas boilers. The main share in the structure of heat production by boiler houses are: SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” (State Unitary Enterprise "Housing and Communal Services of The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)", SK "ALROSA" (PJSC), JSC "Teploenergoservis", LLC «HCS of Vitim”, LLC “Teplostroykompleks". 3156 thousand Gcal of thermal energy were produced and 2460 thousand Gcal of thermal energy were consumed in 2017. 3.2. Thermal energy production The thermal energy production in the WEZ amounted to 3156 thousand Gcal in 2017. Heat supply of consumers is provided from 502 boiler houses. Boilers are powered by coal, natural gas, gas condensate, electricity, oil and wood. Diesel fuel is used as a backup fuel for gas boilers. There are also installed backup power supplies (DPPs). The main share in the structure of heat production by boiler houses are: SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” (State Unitary Enterprise "Housing and Communal Services of The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)", SC "ALROSA" (PJSC), JSC "Teploenergoservis", LLC «HCS of Vitim”, LLC “Teplostroykompleks". The structure of thermal energy production in 2017 is presented in table 1 and figure 1. Table 1 Structure of thermal energy production in WEZ for 2017 Production of Number of Source of thermal energy thermal energy, Type of fuel boilers thousand Gcal Total in the Western Economic Zone 3156 502 Mirninsky district 1698 28 coal, oil fuel, natural gas, electricity, SC "ALROSA" (PJSC) 1506 17 diesel fuel JSC "Teploenergoservis" 166 8 natural gas, electricity Other sources of 27 3 oil fuel, electricity thermal energy Lensky district 549 37 LLC “Lenskoe” Lensky enterprise of 276 8 coal, oil fuel, diesel fuel, natural gas thermal and electric networks JSC "Teploenergoservis" 133 8 natural gas LLC «HCS of Vitim” 53 6 oil fuel, diesel fuel LLC “Teplostroykompleks" 47 2 oil fuel, diesel fuel Other sources of coal, oil fuel, diesel fuel, natural gas 40 13 thermal energy wood Olekminsky district 228 61 SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” 152 22 coal, oil fuel, diesel fuel, wood Other sources of 76 39 coal, oil fuel, electricity, wood thermal energy Suntarsky district 119 58 SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” 96 41 coal, oil fuel Other sources of 23 17 coal, oil fuel, natural gas liquids thermal energy Nyurbinsky district 191 183 SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” 173 172 coal, oil fuel, diesel fuel Other sources of 18 11 coal, oil fuel, natural gas liquids thermal energy Verkhnevilyuysky district 122 62 natural gas, natural gas liquids, coal, SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” 110 58 diesel fuel Other sources of 12 4 natural gas, coal, oil fuel, wood thermal energy Vilyuyskiy district 249 73 natural gas, natural gas liquids, diesel SUE “HCS of RS (Y)” 171 53 fuel Other sources of 78 20 natural gas, diesel fuel thermal energy Source: Compiled by the authors based on data of the State Committee for Price Policy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Official materials of the State Committee for Price Policy o f the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 2018) ----- Figure 1 Structure of thermal energy production by WEZ areas for 2017. (Official materials of the State Committee for Price Policy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 2018) Beginning in 2007, according to the departmental target Program "Transfer the boiler houses, that are heated from of SUE “HCS of RS (Y)”, of social, residential and industrial facilities in Suntarsky and Nyurbinsky uluses (districts) of Sakha (Yakutia) to the electric heating for the period 2007-2012" and subsequent resolutions of the government of RS (Y) heat to residential Fund of the number of settlements in all seven districts of the Western economic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) transferred to the electric heating. The population pays the tariff for electric heating on the tariffs for heating subsidized from the Republican budget [10]. The balance of production
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