FISH TERMINOLOGIES

Components Thesaurus

Report Format: Hierarchical listing - alpha

Notes: A thesaurus for the recording of the component parts of a monument.

Date: February 2020

A FRAME STEAM ENGINE from where the oracle was delivered. Now used SN A simple, single cylinder vertical steam engine for any private chamber or sanctuary. with its cylinder mounted directly on a baseplate, CL AREAS AND SPACES driving an overhead crankshaft which is BT ROOM supported by two A-shaped frames AEDICULE (FRAME) CL MACHINERY BT STEAM ENGINE SN The framing of a door or window with two columns piers or pilasters which support a A STRUT lintel,entablature etc. SN A strut with a reflecting counterpart that forms CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the letter A on either side of a king post. RT DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NICHE BT STRUT WINDOW NT SPANDREL STRUT AEDICULE (SHRINE) ABACUS SN An opening or shrine, usually containing a statue, SN The flat slab at the top of a capital. framed by a pair of pilasters or columns CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT supporting an entablature and pediment. BT CAPITAL CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT SHRINE ABUTMENT AGED MENS WARD UF Butment SN Solid masonry placed to counteract the lateral SN Series of rooms within a workhouse where thrust of a vault or arch. elderly men were housed. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT ACANTHUS AGIASTERIUM SN A long much indented leaf usually curled over at SN The area of the Basilica, especially in the early the tip which is a standard form of foliage in church, in which the altar resides. classical decoration. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT FLORAL FEATURE AGRAFE ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS UF Agraffe UF Arms SN A keystone decorated with a relief sculpture, Coat Of Arms usually a cartouche SN A display or depiction of authorised armorial CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT bearings, such as the elements of a coat of arms, BT KEYSTONE livery and personal badges and flags, mottoes Agraffe etc.. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES USE AGRAFE NT ESCUTCHEON AILERON HATCHMENT SN A half gable or half pediment concealing the lean- ACROTERION to roof of an aisle. SN A plinth or pedestal, sometimes decorated, and CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT sometimes supporting statuary, placed at the BT PEDIMENT apex and lower extremity of a pediment. GABLE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT AIR PUMP BT PEDESTAL RT PEDIMENT SN A pump for removing condensed steam from the condenser of a steam raising plant. ADIT CL MACHINERY SN A passage, usually horizontal, leading into a mine BT PUMP to allow for access or drainage. Air Shaft CL AREAS AND SPACES VENTILATION SHAFT BT ENTRANCE USE ADMINISTRATION BLOCK Airing Yard EXERCISE YARD SN A part of a building or complex where USE administrative duties are undertaken. AISLE CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN The side compartment of a building, usually a Adyton church, hall or barn, separated from the main body of the building by an arcade; or a passage USE ADYTUM allowing access to rows of seats in an ADYTUM auditorium or church. UF Adyton CL AREAS AND SPACES SN Originally, the inner sanctuary of a Greek temple BT PASSAGE

2 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ALURE NT AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) CARREL (AISLE) UF Allure PASSAGE AISLE Alura SN A walkway around the parapets of a castle or AISLE PLATE the roof of a church. SN A horizontal member along the length of an aisle CL BUILDING COMPONENT wall to receive the ends of rafters. AMBITUS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WALL PLATE SN The consecrated ground immediately surrounding a tomb or grave. AISLE TRUSS CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A roof truss supported by arcade posts in an BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE aisled building. INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT TOMB BT TRUSS AMBO Alatoria SN A reading desk usually placed near the west end USE COVERED WAY of the choir. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Alatorium USE COVERED WAY Ambry USE AUMBRY ALCOVE SN A recess within a wall or room. AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Deambulatory SN A path or area for exercise, usually taken in the Aleois form of walking. Can be partially or totally USE LOOPHOLE covered. Allure CL AREAS AND SPACES BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE USE ALURE NT CLOISTER Almery AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) USE AUMBRY SN An aisle within a chancel providing access to, ALMONRY and around, the High Altar and surrounding cells. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room in a monastery from which alms were BT AISLE distributed; or the residence of an almoner. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT AISLE BT ROOM RT ALTAR SCREEN Alorium CHEVET USE COVERED WAY AMORINO ALTAR SN A representation of a winged boy who UF Communion Table represents Cupid or Love. SN An elevated table or podium on which to place, or CL DECORATIVE FEATURES sacrifice, offerings to a god or gods. BT HUMAN FIGURE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Analemma RT ALTAR RAIL USE BUTTRESS ALTAR RAIL WALL UF Communion Rail SN Use appropriate term. SN A rail or balustrade that separates the altar from ANCHOR AND COLLAR HINGE the rest of the church. SN A simple type of hinge used for large gates. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT ALTAR BT HINGE ALTAR SCREEN ANCHOR BEAM SN A partition or wall behind an altar, often separating the choir and altar from the ambulatory SN A beam the end of which is fixed beyond the and east chapel. upright it passes through. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BEAM BT SCREEN BT RT AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) ANCHORAGE CHOIR SN A room over the vestry of a church, often Alura thought to have been where anchorets lived. USE ALURE CL AREAS AND SPACES

3 BT ROOM the ends of purlins under a hip. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANCONE (CONSTRUCTION) BT PRINCIPAL RAFTER SN A projection left on a stone block to allow it to be ANGLE RIB hoisted into position. SN A rib placed at an angle to support timbers. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANCONE (STRUCTURAL) BT RIB SN An ornamental bracket on either side of a ANGLE STAFF doorway supporting a cornice. UF Angle Bead CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A vertical piece of wood fixed on corners of ANGLE BAR walls to help the fixing of plaster and to protect SN The corner upright bar of a polygonal sash. against damage to the plaster. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Angle Bead Angle Stone USE ANGLE STAFF USE QUOIN ANGLE BOB ANGLE STRUT SN A mechanical component or device that can SN A strut which is at an angle between the principal change the direction of motion of a pump rod from rafter and tiebeam. the vertical to the horizontal plane and vice versa. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT STRUT Angle Brace ANGLE TOWER USE BRACE SN A projection from the inner angle of a building around a court or with advancing wings, usually ANGLE BRACKET containing a staircase and often crowned above SN A bracket that is shaped to form an angle. the roof line with an ogee dome. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT BRACKET BT TOWER ANGLE BUTTRESS ANGULAR CAPITAL SN Two buttresses which meet at a right angle at the SN A type of Ionic diagonal capital where all four corner of the structure they are supporting. sides are the same and with therefore eight CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT volutes. BT BUTTRESS CL ORDER BT IONIC CAPITAL ANGLE CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Corner Capital BT IONIC CAPITAL SN A capital at the corner of a colonade or portico in Angular Column the Ionic Order in which the volutes are splayed outwards at 45 degrees. USE ANGLE COLUMN CL ORDER ANGULAR NICHE BT IONIC CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A niche in the corner of a structure. BT IONIC CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT NICHE ANGLE CHIMNEY ANIMAL FIGURE SN A chimney placed at an angle with the walls so that there is an obtuse angle with each wall. SN A sculptural or decorative representation of an CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT animal. Includes mythical and fantastical animals BT CHIMNEY such as dragons, centaurs etc. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES ANGLE COLUMN NT BUCRANIUM UF Angular Column GARGOYLE SN A column at the corner of a structure. GROTESQUE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANNEX BT COLUMN SN A structure, or building, forming a supplementary ANGLE MODILLION and subsidiary part of a main complex. SN A diagonally set modillion placed at a cornice's CL BUILDING COMPONENT external corner. ANNULAR MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT MODILLION SN A circular moulding. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES ANGLE RAFTER BT MOULDING SN A principal rafter below a hip rafter that supports ANNULAR VAULT

4 SN A term used to describe a vaulted roof where the Antepagmenta vault goes from either the newel of a staircase to USE ARCHITRAVE a wall or from one wall to another where the ANTEPORTICO walls are circular in plan. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A porch in front of the solid wall of a cloister. BT VAULT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ANNULATED COLUMN RT CLOISTER SN A column joined to another by a band or ring. ANTEROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT COLUMN UF Antechamber SN A room before a larger room which is often used ANNULET as a waiting room. SN A small, flat band or fillet around a shaft or CL AREAS AND SPACES column. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANTHEMION BT COLUMN SN A stylised, leafy decorative feature reminiscent Anse De Panier of, and sometimes referred to as, honeysuckle USE BASKET ARCH CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT FLORAL FEATURE ANTA SN A pilaster terminating the side walls of a temple APARTMENT whose capital and base differ from those of its SN A room or group of rooms in a building. associated columns. Such an arrangement, CL AREAS AND SPACES where the columns do not project beyond the BT ROOM faces of the antae, is said to be 'in antis'. APEX STONE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT PILASTER UF Saddle Stone SN The top stone in a gable end. Antechamber CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE ANTEROOM RT GABLE ANTECHAPEL APODYTERIUM SN The partially enclosed western part of a chapel, SN The undressing room in a bath house or similar. leading to the chapel proper. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE APOPHYGE ANTECHOIR SN The outward curve at the top or bottom of a UF Forechoir column where it joins the base or capital. SN Part of a church in front of the choir and usually CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT enclosed by tombs, screens etc. BT COLUMN CL AREAS AND SPACES APOTHECA BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A storeroom for valuable goods, such as wine, ANTECHURCH oil and spices. UF Forechurch CL AREAS AND SPACES SN An addition to the west end of a church which is BT STOREROOM similar to a porch or narthex but usually consists Apothecarerium of a nave and aisles. CL BUILDING COMPONENT USE INFIRMARY NT NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) APOTHESIS ANTECOURT SN Found in early churches this was a part of a SN The first court which is before the principal court. church on the south side of the chancel where CL AREAS AND SPACES there were bookshelves and storage for BT COURTYARD vestments. CL AREAS AND SPACES ANTEFIX BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A decorative tile on the end of the cornice or APPLIED BEAM eaves of a building to conceal the ends of tiles. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A beam that has been applied to a wall face. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANTEHALL BT BEAM SN The hall before a great hall. APPLIED COLUMN CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM SN An engaged column, that is one attached to a wall.

5 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ARCH BAND BT COLUMN ARCH BRICK RT ENGAGED COLUMN BASKET ARCH CHANCEL ARCH APPLIED ORDER ELLIPTICAL ARCH SN A classical order in which the columns or EQUILATERAL ARCH pilasters are applied to a wall. EXTRADOS CL ORDER FALSE ARCH APRON FLAT ARCH FOUR CENTRED ARCH SN A shaped or decorated raised panel below the sill HORSESHOE ARCH of a window or a niche. IMPOST CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT INTRADOS RT NICHE POINTED ARCH WINDOW PROSCENIUM ARCH APSE RELIEVING ARCH SEGMENTAL ARCH SN A polygonal or semicircular recess projecting SHOULDERED ARCH from an external wall, often with a rounded vault. SKEW ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SPLAYED ARCH NT APSIDIOLE SQUINCH COUNTER APSE STILTED ARCH RT CHEVET STRAINER ARCH EXEDRA THREE CENTRED ARCH APSE CHAPEL TUSCAN ARCH SN A chapel that radiates from an apsidal end of a TWO CENTRED ARCH cathedral or church. RT ARCHWAY CL AREAS AND SPACES CENTERING BT CHAPEL ARCH BAND APSIDIOLE SN The part of a rib or arch visible below the general surface of the vault. SN A small apse. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH BT APSE ARCH BRACE AQUA THRUSTER PUMP SN A curving, upright timber brace used in roof SN A type of water pump used in the Wigan construction, found in pairs, forming an arch. coalfields in the late 18th and 19th centuries. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT BRACE BT WATER PUMP ARCH BRICK ARABESQUE SN A wedge shaped brick used to construct arches. SN A style of decorative design consisting of intertwined, geommetrical patterns of leaves, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT branches, tendrils etc. Often defined as being BT ARCH devoid of human or animal figures. NT KEYSTONE CL DECORATIVE FEATURES ARCH BUTTRESS BT FLORAL FEATURE SN A buttress shaped like an arch and springing ARCADE from a pier in arched form to the wall. SN A series of arches. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BUTTRESS NT BLIND ARCADE RT FLYING BUTTRESS INTERLACING ARCADE ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE ARCADE PLATE SN A feature found during an archaeological SN A timber running above vertical posts, in the investigation which implies the presence of a place of a wall-plate, within a timber-framed monument, building, structure or human activity. building. CL IMPLIED FEATURE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT HEARTH BT PLATE POST HOLE STAKE HOLE ARCH ARCHITRAVE SN A curved construction, spanning an opening, formed from wedge-shaped blocks supported by UF Antepagmenta mutual pressure; they can also be formed from Epistyle moulded concrete and cast metal. SN The lowest of the three main parts of an entablature. Also the lintels, jambs and mouldings CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

6 surrounding a door, window, panels or niche; or Aron Hakodesh the ornamental mouldings around the exterior USE ARK curve of an arch. Aron Kodesh CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ENTABLATURE USE ARK NT FASCIA ARRIS FILLET GIBBS SURROUND SN A triangular piece of wood used to raise slates ARCHIVOLT next to a wall or similar. SN A series of concentric mouldings decorating the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT curved face of an arch. ARRIS GUTTER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A V-shaped gutter. RT MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ARCHWAY BT GUTTER SN An opening in a structure which is arched. ARTISTS STUDIO CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A workroom or apartment, often with a north- RT ARCH light, used for the creation of artwork by painters, ARCOSOLIUM sculptors etc. SN An arched or vaulted recess, within a tomb or CL AREAS AND SPACES catacomb, intended to contain a coffin or BT ROOM sarcophagus. ASHLAR PIECE CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Ashlar Post BT CRYPT SN An inclined timber running from a rafter to the AREAS AND SPACES inner face of a wall, forming a triangle. SN Areas and spaces within a monument or site. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ASHLARING NT CHAPEL Ashlar Post DANCE FLOOR USE ASHLAR PIECE ENTRANCE EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ASHLARING INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN Short vertical timbers which go from the rafters LAVATORIUM to the inner plate on a thick wall. NEST HOLE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PAVILION WARD BLOCK NT ASHLAR PIECE STAGE ASIATIC BASE ARENA SN An Ionic base with a lower disc with horizontal SN The body of a church or chapel as opposed to fluting or reeding, above which is a torus, also galleries. reeded. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT BASE ARK CL ORDER UF Aron Hakodesh BT IONIC ORDER Aron Kodesh ASSEMBLY ROOM SN A cupboard set into the eastern wall of a SN A large room for large numbers of people, eg for synagogue, facing Jerusalem. The Torah scrolls balls, meetings etc. are kept in the Ark. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT MEETING ROOM BT RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS NT CHAPTER HOUSE ARMILLA ASTRAGAL SN A metal binding or ring fastened around the top of SN A moulding which is small, convex and circular. a pile to stop splitting. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT MOULDING BT FASTENING NT BEAD AND REEL ARMOURY RT BEAD SN A room where weapons and armour are stored. ASTYLAR CL AREAS AND SPACES SN Describes a Classical interior, exterior or facade BT STOREROOM without pilasters or columns. Arms CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS BT FACADE

7 ATLANTIS SN A room where a monarch or similar would meet UF Atlas people, usually in a palace or similar building. Telamone CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A whole male figure used in place of a column to BT MEETING ROOM support an entablature. AUDITORIUM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT COLUMN SN A room or hall designed for an audience to listen CL DECORATIVE FEATURES and view, as in a theatre, concert hall, lecture hall BT HUMAN FIGURE etc.. CL AREAS AND SPACES Atlas BT ROOM USE ATLANTIS NT CONFERENCE ROOM LECTURE THEATRE ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE UF Vacuum Engine AUMBRY SN An early steam engine using steam at UF Almery atmospheric pressure. Chiefly employed in mine Ambry pumping. sometimes known as a vacuum engine. Aumery CL MACHINERY SN A recess or cupboard within a church, usually BT STEAM ENGINE positioned near the altar, used for the storage of sacred vessels. ATRIUM (ECCLESIASTICAL) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A court in front of a church, usually open. BT CUPBOARD CL AREAS AND SPACES CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT CUPBOARD ATRIUM (SECULAR) Aumery SN A central area within a building. USE AUMBRY CL AREAS AND SPACES AUREOLE BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE UF Glory Attached Column SN Circular or almond-shaped halo surrounding the USE ENGAGED COLUMN figure of Christ, the Virgin or a saint. ATTIC CL DECORATIVE FEATURES UF Attic Storey AUXILIARY RAFTER SN An area partly or fully within the roof space of a SN In a truss, a rafter used to stiffen the principal building. rafter by doubling it. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STOREY BT RAFTER NT GARRET AXIAL BEAM LOFT SN A ceiling beam aligned with the length of a ATTIC BASE building. SN A column base featuring a hollow, concave - or CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT scotia - moulding between two tori, which are BT BEAM projecting, convex mouldings. CL ORDER AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN BT IONIC ORDER UF Central Chimney Plan CORINTHIAN ORDER SN A plan of a building which consists of two or CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT more cells where the chimney is placed on the BT BASE axis of the building between two rooms and midway between the lateral walls. ATTIC COLUMN CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS SN A square pillar. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT COLUMN Back Choir USE RETROCHOIR Attic Storey BACK PURLIN USE ATTIC SN A purlin that is joined to the back of a principal AUCTION ROOM rafter. SN A room in which public or private auctions are CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT held. BT THROUGH PURLIN CL AREAS AND SPACES BACK STAIRCASE BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A staircase for the use of servants, tradesmen AUDIENCE CHAMBER or individuals not permitted to use the main part of UF Presence Chamber a building or establishment.

8 CL BUILDING COMPONENT Balk BT STAIRCASE USE HAYLOFT BACKWASHING MACHINE BALL FINIAL SN A machine used in the worsted industry for SN A decorative ball usually used to ornament a cleaning woollen slivers after gilling and cording. bench end, canopy, gable, pinnacle or spire. CL MACHINERY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT FINIAL BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN BALL FLOWER SN A plan featuring a doorless entry to a lobby in front of an axial chimney-stack. SN Decorative ornamentation in the form of a ball CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS enclosed within petals. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES RT LOBBY ENTRY PLAN BT FLORAL FEATURE Bag Hoist BALL MILL USE SACK HOIST SN A cylindrical device using ceramic or metallic balls to grind materials like ores, chemicals, ceramic BAGNETTE raw materials and paints SN A small semicircular moulding. CL MACHINERY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BALL WINDING MACHINE BT MOULDING RT BEAD SN A hand operated machine for winding cotton and linen thread into balls - invented in 1802. BAILEY CL MACHINERY SN Defences or an external wall surrounding a BALLROOM castle's motte or keep. Also a castle's outer court, or a court within a castle's walls. SN A room for holding receptions particularly balls. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT ROOM NT INNER BAILEY BALUSTER OUTER BAILEY SN An upright member supporting a coping or BAKERY handrail in a balustrade or staircase. SN A room for baking. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT BALUSTRADE BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM NT SPLIT BALUSTER TURNED BALUSTER BALANCE BOB TWIST BALUSTER SN A counter balance designed to support the BALUSTRADE excess weight of a mineshaft's wooden beams. CL MACHINERY SN The structure consisting of a series of balusters supporting a rail or coping, and sometimes a base BALCONY and pedestal, on a parapet, balcony or staircase. SN A platform projecting from the surface of a wall CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT of a building carried on brackets, consoles or NT BALUSTER columns, usually placed before windows or BAND (MOULDING) openings, and protected by a railing or balustrade. It can also be a gallery in an SN A continuous series of ornaments within a auditorium. horizontal moulding. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING BALDACCHINO NT BANDEROLLE UF Baldachin FRET BAND Baldaquin GUILLOCHE SN A canopy suspended, or on pillars, over a throne BAND (STRUCTURAL) or altar. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A flat, horizontal strip, block or moulding, sometimes decorated, on a facade or interrupting Baldachin an architectural feature such as a column. USE BALDACCHINO CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Baldaquin BANDED COLUMN USE BALDACCHINO SN A column in which the shaft is interrupted by Balistraria stone bands. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE LOOPHOLE BT COLUMN

9 BANDEROLLE Barrel Roof UF Bannerolle SN A flat band carrying a motto. USE WAGON ROOF CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BARREL VAULT BT BAND (MOULDING) UF Tunnel Vault BANKING HALL Wagon Vault SN An open area within a bank where financial SN A semi-circular or pointed vault uninterrupted by transactions take place. cross vaults, the ceiling bearing a resemblence to CL AREAS AND SPACES a tunnel or the inside of a barrel. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT VAULT Bannerolle BARRING ENGINE USE BANDEROLLE SN A small auxiliary engine to help start up a large BANQUETING HALL steam engine - invented 1866. UF Banqueting Room CL MACHINERY SN A hall normally reserved for holding feasts on BT ENGINE special occasions. Bartisan CL AREAS AND SPACES BT DINING ROOM USE BARTIZAN Banqueting Room BARTIZAN USE BANQUETING HALL UF Bartisan SN A small turret that projects from the top of a BANQUETTE tower or parapet. SN A firing step from which standing defenders CL BUILDING COMPONENT could fire over the crest of a high parapet. BT TURRET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BASE BT FIRING STEP RT PARAPET SN The lowest part of a structure, such as a pier, or the section of an order on which the shaft of a BAPTISTERY column sits. SN A building, or part of a church, used for baptismal CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT rites, usually containing a font. NT ASIATIC BASE CL AREAS AND SPACES ATTIC BASE BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE COMPOSITE BASE CORINTHIAN BASE BAR DORIC BASE SN A counter from which beverages are served in a IONIC BASE bar room. TUSCAN BASE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BASE COURT BT COUNTER RT BAR ROOM SN A small outer courtyard, or service-yard. CL AREAS AND SPACES BAR ROOM BT COURTYARD SN A room in a public house, hotel, club etc. BASE CRUCK containing a bar from which alcoholic drinks are served. SN A cruck, forming the main upright of a wall but CL AREAS AND SPACES whose blades are truncated by a transverse BT ROOM member. RT BAR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CRUCK BARE FACED DOVETAIL JOINT BASEMENT SN A joint in which a dovetailed timber's surface is proud of the receiving member on one side. SN The bottom storey of a building, often below or CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT partially below ground level. BT JOINT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT STOREY BARE FACED TENON JOINT BASILICA PLAN SN A joint in which the tenon retains one or more of the original sides of the timber. SN A plan type, usually for a church, having a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT rectangular core with one apsidal end wall. BT JOINT CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT STRUCTURAL PLAN BARGE BOARD BASKET ARCH SN A board fixed at the gable end to purlins, often decorated. UF Anse De Panier CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An arch consisting of a segment of a circle

10 connected to other segments with smaller radii. SN A window that forms a projection from the body CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT of a building, extending down to ground level, BT ARCH forming a bay in the wall's interior. BASKET CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A Byzantine bell-type capital, ornamented with BT WINDOW carving resembling wicker-work or basket- RT ORIEL WINDOW weave. BEAD CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A small convex moulding, often decorated with BT CAPITAL beads and reels. BASTION CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN An outward projection from a defensive wall BT MOULDING allowing the defenders to attack the flanks of any RT ASTRAGAL force attacking the wall. BAGNETTE CL BUILDING COMPONENT Bead And Berry BATH USE BEAD AND REEL SN A container for holding water in which to bathe. BEAD AND REEL CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS UF Bead And Berry BATHROOM Paternoster SN A room intended to contain a bath and often other Pearl And Olive toilet facilities. SN Decorative ornamentation consisting of CL AREAS AND SPACES alternating bead shapes with small, elliptical BT WASHING ROOM forms resembling reels CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BATTEN BT ASTRAGAL UF Cover Slip BEADED CHAMFER SN A small timber fixed to a wall to support items such as cladding. Also a strip of timber fixed SN A chamfer with a convex bead-like moulding across two or more parallel boards to join them projecting from the chamfer. together or conceal their join. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CHAMFER BATTENED DOOR BEAK HEAD MOULDING SN A door with a planked outer face and spaced UF Birds Head Moulding horizontal members such as battens or ledges on SN A decorative moulding depicting an animal or bird the inner face. head with a tongue or beak that overlaps the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT moulding set below it. BT DOOR CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING BATTLEMENT RT CATS HEAD MOULDING UF Embattlement Beaked Ionic Capital SN An indented parapet consisting of raised parts, called merlons, separated by gaps, or crenelles. USE IONIC CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BEAM BT PARAPET SN A main load-bearing horizontal member. NT CRENELLATION CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT MACHICOLATION NT ANCHOR BEAM MERLON APPLIED BEAM BAY AXIAL BEAM SN A regular structural subdivision or compartment BRESSUMMER within a building, defined by dividing walls or the DAIS BEAM positions of the principal supporting members. DRAGON BEAM CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS FALSE HAMMER BEAM BT PLAN COMPONENT FLITCHED BEAM NT HALF BAY GIRDING BEAM SMOKE BAY HALF BEAM RT CELL HAMMER BEAM ROOD BEAM BAY LEAF STRAINER BEAM SN Bay-leaf shaped decorative ornamentation, TIEBEAM usually adorning mouldings or friezes, often TRANSVERSE BEAM depicted in a garland arrangement. Beam Engine CL DECORATIVE FEATURES USE BEAM STEAM ENGINE BT FLORAL FEATURE BEAM SLOT BAY WINDOW

11 SN A slot, usually in a wall, into which a beam was RT BELFAST TRUSS placed. BELFRY CL IMPLIED FEATURE SN The tower, generally attached to a church or BEAM STEAM ENGINE other building but sometimes separate, where UF Beam Engine bells are hung and from which sound is emitted. SN An engine which operates machinery via a Also applied to the upper chamber where bells pivoted, horizontal beam with a piston located at are hung, or the wooden structure supporting one end and a reciprocating pump beneath the them. other, resulting in a rocking, seesaw-like motion. CL AREAS AND SPACES Variations featured the steam piston placed BT ROOM above the beam. BELL CL MACHINERY BT STEAM ENGINE SN The core of a capital. NT COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CORNISH ENGINE BT CAPITAL NEWCOMEN ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE BELL CAPITAL ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE SIDE LEVER ENGINE SN A capital which is circular and has several SIMS COMPOUND ENGINE mouldings but no foliage. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Bed Chamber BT CAPITAL USE BEDROOM BELL FRAME BED MOULDING SN A timber frame placed in the bell chamber of a SN A moulding on an entablature that is between the church tower or belfry designed to hold the bells. frieze and the corona. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES Bell Gable BT MOULDING USE BELLCOTE BED NOOK BELL TOWER UF Bed Recess SN A small projection designed to allow space for a UF Bell Turret bed. SN A high tower, attached to or detached from a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT building such as a church, with a belfry stage containing bells. Bed Recess CL BUILDING COMPONENT USE BED NOOK BT TOWER RT RINGING CHAMBER BEDROOM Bell Turret UF Bed Chamber SN A room intended to contain a bed. USE BELL TOWER CL AREAS AND SPACES BELLCOTE BT RETIREMENT ROOM NT CAMERA (BEDROOM) UF Bell Gable Sanctus Bell Cote BEETLE SN A housing for one or more bells, usually gabled or SN A float or pontoon supporting a flexible steel roofed. roadway as part of a Mulberry Harbour. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BELVEDERE Belfast Roof SN A turret on the side of a house providing views USE BELFAST TRUSS ROOF across the surrounding countryside. CL BUILDING COMPONENT BELFAST TRUSS BT TURRET SN A bowstring truss with the space between its BENCH PEW members filled by a lattice of crossing diagonal rods. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT PEW BT BOWSTRING TRUSS BILLET FRIEZE RT BELFAST TRUSS ROOF SN A series of billet mouldings forming a decorative BELFAST TRUSS ROOF band of small, regularly placed squared or UF Belfast Roof rounded blocks. SN A roof with a bow-shaped, segmental timber CL DECORATIVE FEATURES truss which has the space between its members BT BILLET MOULDING filled by a lattice of crossing diagonal rods. BILLET MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BOWSTRING ROOF SN An ornamental moulding consisting of a series of

12 small, regularly placed squared or rounded BT CORNICE blocks. BLOCKED COLUMN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING SN A column whose shaft is interrupted by square NT BILLET FRIEZE blocks. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BILLIARD ROOM BT COLUMN SN A room intended for the placement and use of a BLOCKING COURSE billiard table. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A plain stone course, sometimes projecting, BT GAMESROOM above a cornice and counterbalancing the cantilevered sections of stone, or at the base of BIMAH a building. SN An elevated area or platform in a synagogue CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT where the person reading aloud from the Torah BLOWING ENGINE stands. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A steam engine driving a reciprocating air pump BT RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS to provide air for a blast furnace. CL MACHINERY BIRDMOUTHED JOINT BT ENGINE SN A joint in which the end of one timber is cut in V- Board Room form and rests on the edge of another timber, frequently found between common rafters and USE BOARDROOM wall plates. BOARDROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Board Room BT JOINT SN A meeting room intended specifically for the use Birds Head Moulding of a board of directors or governors of an USE BEAK HEAD MOULDING organization or company.. CL AREAS AND SPACES BLADE BT MEETING ROOM SN A principal member in a cruck truss. BOATING POOL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CRUCK SN Manmade feature to contain water for the purpose of floating miniature boats in it. Different BLEEDING ROOM to BOATING LAKE as lake can be naturally SN A room dedicated to the drawing or letting of occuring park feature and can be used for full blood, a procedure once thought to possess sized boats. medicinal properties. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT ROOM BOILER BLIND ARCADE SN A steam generator comprising a pressure vessel, UF Wall Arcade and/or rows of tubes arranged to receive heat SN A succession of arches on shafts with no from a firegrate. openings, attached to and used to enliven a wall. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BOILER ROOM BT ARCADE RT TRIFORIUM SN A room, usually at ground level or below, housing the tank in which water is heated as part of a BLIND COLONNADE building's heating system. SN A series of columns in a straight line supporting CL AREAS AND SPACES an entablature with no openings or glazing. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BOLECTION MOULDING BT COLONNADE SN A moulding which projects beyond the face of a BLOCK panel or frame, usually found in panelling or in SN A small piece of timber occupying the angle doors. between two other timbers. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT MOULDING Block Capital BOLSTER USE CUSHION CAPITAL SN One of the rolls forming the sides of an ionic capital, joining the volutes of the front and rear BLOCK CORNICE faces. SN An Italian cornice consisting of a bed moulding, a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT row of plain block corbels or modillions, and a corona or cornice. Bolter CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE SIFTER

13 BOOT SCRAPER SN A ticket booth in a theatre or cinema. SN A device, usually cast iron and often decorative CL AREAS AND SPACES in design, placed upon, embedded in or built into a BT ROOM doostep facilitating the removal of mud, dirt, BOX PEW manure etc. from footwear before entering a building. SN An enclosed, high-sided seat, sometimes entered CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS through a door, usually found in churches as one of a series of box-like compartments. BOSS CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS UF Roof Boss BT PEW SN A carved, convex block, often richly decorated, RT PEW PLATFORM at the intersections of vault-ribs, beam-junctions BRACE or terminations of mouldings. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Angle Brace SN An inclined timber used to support and provide BOUDOIR rigidity to roofs, partitions etc. SN A small, finely-furnished room, traditionally where CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT a lady could retire to be alone or entertain intimate BT FASTENING friends. NT ARCH BRACE CL AREAS AND SPACES CONCEALED BRACE BT RETIREMENT ROOM CORNER BRACE BOW WINDOW DOWNWARD BRACE DRAGON TIE SN A window set within a curved projection from the KNEE BRACE face of a wall. OGEE BRACE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PARALLEL BRACE BT WINDOW PASSING BRACE BOWER PASSING WINDBRACE RAFTER BRACE UF Bowre SCISSOR BRACES SN A private room or parlour usually at the same SLING BRACE level as the hall. UPWARD BRACE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT PRIVATE ROOM BRACKET Bowre SN A small support designed to help support a weight, such as that of a projecting member. BOWER USE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BOWSTRING ROOF NT ANGLE BRACKET CONSOLE SN A roof constructed of horizontal tiebeams and MODILLION curved trusses. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BRACKET MOULDING BT ROOF SN A decorative moulding cosisting of two ogee- NT BELFAST TRUSS ROOF forms with joined faces. RT BOWSTRING TRUSS CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BOWSTRING TRUSS BT MOULDING SN An arched, or bow-shaped, segmental timber BRAKE WHEEL truss with its ends tied together by a straight or SN The main gear wheel, which is engaged by a cambered member. brake to halt or slow the machinery, mounted on CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the windshaft of a windmill. BT TRUSS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT BELFAST TRUSS RT BOWSTRING ROOF BREAD ROOM BOX FRAME SN A room for the storage of bread, biscuits, flour etc. Often part of a buttery in medieval times. UF Post And Truss Frame CL AREAS AND SPACES SN Timber framed construction where a box of BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM horizontal and vertical members is created to support the roof. BREAKFAST ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room where meals, particularly breakfast are BOX FRAMED TRUSS partaken. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A complete cross-frame from ground level to BT DINING ROOM ridge in a box-framed building. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BREASTSHOT WHEEL BT TRUSS SN A waterwheel in which the incoming water is BOX OFFICE directed onto the periphery at approximately the

14 same level as the axle, the water being kept in SN A feature which forms part of a building and has contact with the floats, or buckets, by a specific functional usage or decorative form. breastwork of masonry, timber or iron. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL MACHINERY NT ADMINISTRATION BLOCK BT WATERWHEEL AGED MENS WARD Breastsummer ALURE USE BRESSUMMER ANNEX ANTECHURCH BRESSUMMER BALCONY UF Breastsummer BASTION Brest Summer CAPONIER Chimney Bar CHILDRENS BLOCK SN A horizontal, supporting beam set above an CONSERVATORY opening in an external wall, a fireplace opening or COUNTERSCARP BANK in timber framed construction set forward from CUPOLA the lower part of a building to support a jettied DOVECOTE wall. EARTH CLOSET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT EASTER SEPULCHRE BT BEAM ENTRANCE BLOCK GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) Brest Summer GARDEROBE (TOILET) USE BRESSUMMER HOSPITAL BLOCK HYPOCAUST BRICKWORK LANDING SN A structure, part of a structure or area LANTERN constructed from plain bricks. LIFT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LOGGIA BRIDGE TREE NARTHEX (CLASSICAL) NEST HOLE SN An adjustable, horizontal beam, supporting the ORGAN BLOWING CHAMBER vertical stone spindle in a water or windmill, OUTSHOT which allows the gap between the grinding PAVILION stones to be varied. PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PERGOLA BRIDLED JOINT PORCH RECEIVING BLOCK SN A joint consisting of a projecting tongue fitting into ROOD LOFT an open housing in a scarf joint or the apex of a SERVICE BLOCK rafter. STAIRCASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STEEPLE BT JOINT SUPERVISORY HUB BRINE TANK SWIMMING POOL SN A tank within a salt works used for storing brine TOMB after is has been pumped from underground. The TOWER brine is then fed by gravity into the evaporating VENTILATION SHAFT pans in the Pan House. VERANDA CL MACHINERY WESTWORK BROACH SPIRE BULL ENGINE SN An octagonal spire atop a square tower, the SN An early type of steam engine, similar to a transition between structures effected by Cornish Engine, designed by Edward Bull. partially pyramidical masonry forms called CL MACHINERY broaches. BT STEAM ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BULLSEYE WINDOW BT SPIRE UF Oeil De Boeuf BROKEN PEDIMENT SN An oval window placed with its long axis SN A pediment with a gap at the centre of its base. horizontal. The term is often applied to similar CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT round windows. BT PEDIMENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT OPEN PEDIMENT BT WINDOW BUCRANIUM BURIAL PIT SN Decorative motif in the form of an ox skull. SN The pit in which human or animal remains are CL DECORATIVE FEATURES placed for interment,which may be either an inhumation or cremation. BT ANIMAL FIGURE CL UNASSIGNED BUILDING COMPONENT

15 BURSARY CALVARY SN A treasury, often the bursar's room in a college SN A representation of the crucifixion of Christ or or university. related scenes as a sculpture, etc. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT ROOM BT SCULPTURE Business Room CAMBA USE OFFICE SN A place in which brewing and sometimes baking took place. Butment CL AREAS AND SPACES USE ABUTMENT BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM Butt Purlin CAME USE TENONED PURLIN SN An H-sectioned strip of lead used to hold panes BUTTERFLY PLAN of glass in position in stained-glass windows or other leaded lights. UF Double Suntrap Plan CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A nineteenth century plan where two or four RT SADDLE BAR wings of a house are constructed at an angle to STANCHION the core, usually at approximately 45 degrees to WINDOW the wall of the core building. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CAMERA (BEDROOM) BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A private bed sitting room. BUTTERY CL AREAS AND SPACES BT BEDROOM SN A room for the storage of food and drink. CL AREAS AND SPACES CAMERA (CEILING) BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM SN A ceiling that is curved or vaulted, sometimes BUTTRESS employed to give a space the appearance of a vault. UF Analemma CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A mass of stone or brick built against or as part BT CEILING of a wall to provide additional strength to it. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Camera (Generic) NT ANGLE BUTTRESS USE ROOM ARCH BUTTRESS CLASPING BUTTRESS CAMERA (SUITE) DIAGONAL BUTTRESS SN A suite of rooms. FLYING BUTTRESS CL AREAS AND SPACES HANGING BUTTRESS BT ROOM LATERAL BUTTRESS CAMOUFLAGE PIER BUTTRESS SETBACK BUTTRESS SN The application of colour and other materials to a structure to either conceal it from identification or CABINET to make it look like something else. SN A small room used as a study for the CL DECORATIVE FEATURES preservation of papers etc. Generally use for any CANAL INCLINED PLANE small room appended to a larger one. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A slope, usually with rails, by which a boat can BT ROOM be transferred from one level of waterway to another. CABLE MOULDING CL MACHINERY SN A decorative moulding shaped to resemble a BT INCLINED PLANE length of cable or twisted rope. CANEPHORA CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING SN A sculpted female figure carrying a basket on her head. CALDARIUM CL DECORATIVE FEATURES UF Hot Bath BT HUMAN FIGURE SN The hot room in a Roman baths. CANTEEN CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM SN A room intended for the taking of refreshments, RT FRIGIDARIUM usually containing a counter from which they are PALAESTRA served. TEPIDARIUM CL AREAS AND SPACES BT DINING ROOM Calefactory CAP USE WARMING ROOM SN The rotating top section of a tower or smock mill.

16 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A chamber built into a wall in a defensive structure. CAPITAL CL AREAS AND SPACES SN The top part of a column, often decorated. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CASEMENT NT ABACUS BASKET CAPITAL SN A hollow moulding, often enriched, similar to a BELL scotia or cavetto, used in Gothic jambs and BELL CAPITAL cornices. COMPOSITE CAPITAL CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CORINTHIAN CAPITAL BT MOULDING CROCKET CAPITAL CASEMENT WINDOW CUSHION CAPITAL DORIC CAPITAL SN A window where the sash is hung vertically and IONIC CAPITAL the window opens outwards or inwards. PROTOMA CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STIFF LEAF CAPITAL BT WINDOW TUSCAN CAPITAL NT FRENCH WINDOW WATER LEAF CAPITAL Casual Ward CAPONIER USE VAGRANTS WARD SN An enclosed, defensible passageway, equipped SN Use VAGRANTS WARD as it is meant to shelter with gun ports, extending into or traversing a dry wandering vagrants overnight rather than the ditch. permanent inhabitants of a workhouse. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CATS HEAD MOULDING CAPSTONE SN A decorative moulding depicting an animal or bird SN A large stone laid horizontally to form the roof of head, similar to a beak head moulding but with a a chamber. shorter, cone-like tongue or beak overlapping the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT moulding set beneath it. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CARREL (AISLE) BT MOULDING SN An aisle divided into chapels. This term is RT BEAK HEAD MOULDING sometimes applied to the screens dividing the CATSLIDE ROOF aisle, or the chapels themselves. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A roof with one side longer than the other, BT AISLE continuing at the same pitch over an extension to CL AREAS AND SPACES a building. Commonly found in New England BT AISLE Colonial architecture. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CARREL (NICHE) BT PENT ROOF SN An enclosure or niche in a library or cloister used CAULICOLI for study. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The lesser stalks springing from the principal BT NICHE stalks, or caules, within the decoration on a Corinthian capital. CARRIAGE ENTRANCE CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN An entrance large enough for carriages and BT FLORAL FEATURE vehicles leading through a building or wall into an CAVETTO inner courtyard. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A concave moulding where the profile is a BT ENTRANCE quarter of a circle. RT PORTE COCHERE CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING CARTOUCHE CEILING SN A decorative, framed tablet, usually bearing an inscription or coat of arms, in the form of a scroll SN The surface of a room which conceals overhead or curving piece of parchment. structural members. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT CAMERA (CEILING) CARYATID CEILING PAINTING SN A female figure used instead of a column, usually supporting an entablature. SN A two dimensional image using paint applied to CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the surface of a ceiling. BT COLUMN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL DECORATIVE FEATURES RT WALL PAINTING BT HUMAN FIGURE CELL CASEMATE SN Term used to indicate the basic unit of

17 accommodation in the plan of a building. It does SN A surface formed by cutting off a square edge, not necessarily relate to the structural divisions usually at 45 degrees. Use more specific type within a building. where known. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT ROOM NT BEADED CHAMFER RT BAY HOLLOW CHAMFER STOPPED CHAMFER CELLAR CHANCEL UF Cellarium SN A room that is underground or partially SN The choir and sanctuary in the liturgical eastern underground. Primarily used for storage. part of a church appropriated for those who CL AREAS AND SPACES officiate during services. BT STOREROOM CL AREAS AND SPACES BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE Cellarium CHANCEL ARCH USE CELLAR SN An arch at the liturgical east of the nave, carrying CENTERING a gabled wall above, separating nave from SN A temporary support placed under a vault or arch chancel. to support them during construction. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH RT ARCH Chancel Screen Central Chimney Plan USE ROOD SCREEN USE AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN CHANDELIER SN see axial chimney plan SN A branched, hanging light fitting, often ornate in CENTRAL FIREPLACE PLAN design, provifding illumination from a number of SN A plan in which a chimney containing back-to- candles or lightbulbs. back fireplaces heats two rooms simultaneously CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS by being placed within the dividing wall. CHANGING ROOM CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A room within a building, such as a shop or leisure complex,sometimes equipped with CENTRAL STAIRCASE PLAN cubicles or screens to allow a degree of privacy, SN A plan in which the staircase is placed at the where clothing can be tried on or changed. centre of the building. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT ROOM BT STRUCTURAL PLAN RT DRESSING ROOM Centre Valve Steam Engine Chantry USE WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE USE CHANTRY CHAPEL CHAIN MOULDING CHANTRY CHAPEL SN A decorative moulding in the form of a chain. UF Chantry CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A chapel, often attached to or screened off BT MOULDING inside a church, endowed for the celebration of CHAIN PUMP masses principally for the repose of the founder?s soul. UF Rag And Chain Pump CL AREAS AND SPACES SN An early design of pump featuring a series of BT CHAPEL pistons, or sometimes bundles of rags, passing through a barrel on a continuous chain, forcing CHAPEL water upwards. SN A building, room or area, often within or attached CL MACHINERY to a church or other building, serving as a place BT PUMP of worship. Where a monument, use the Chamber Thesaurus of Monument Types. CL AREAS AND SPACES ROOM USE NT APSE CHAPEL CHAMBER BLOCK CHANTRY CHAPEL GALILEE SN An area of several rooms in a medieval house or LADY CHAPEL building. Probably for domestic use. RADIATING CHAPEL CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS RT CHEVET BT WING RT ROOM CHAPTER HOUSE SOLAR SN A building, sometimes polygonal in plan, attached CHAMFER to a cathedral, church, abbey etc. and used for the assembly of chapter or brethren, often to

18 address official business. chimney stack to extend the flue and improve the CL AREAS AND SPACES extraction of smoke. BT ASSEMBLY ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CHIMNEY CHEESE PRESS CHIMNEY SHAFT SN A device used in the production of hard cheeses SN A very high chimney, though more often a that exerts pressure upon fresh curds in order to chimney stack containing only one flue. remove and drain away excess whey. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT CHIMNEY CHEVET CHIMNEY STACK SN The area that contains the ambulatory, apse and SN A masonry or brickwork structure projecting chapels. Usually found in larger churches, above a roof and containing several flues. monasteries and cathedrals. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT CHIMNEY BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RT AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) CHINESE ROOM APSE SN A room decorated, and furnished, in the style of CHAPEL the Chinese. CHEVRON MOULDING CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM UF Zigzag Moulding SN A three-dimensional decorative ornamentation CHOIR composed of a series of Vs forming a zigzag. SN Part of a large church, east of the nave, CL DECORATIVE FEATURES appropriated for singers and clergy. BT MOULDING CL AREAS AND SPACES CHILDRENS BLOCK BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RT ALTAR SCREEN SN Series of rooms in a workhouse complex where children were housed and looked after. CHOIR SCREEN CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A screen separating the choir from other parts of CHIMNEY the church. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The flue or channel that funnels smoke from a BT SCREEN fire. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CHUTE NT ANGLE CHIMNEY SN A vertical or inclined plane, channel, or passage CHIMNEY BREAST through which objects are moved from a higher CHIMNEY COWL to a lower level by means of gravity. CHIMNEY POT CL MACHINERY CHIMNEY SHAFT CHIMNEY STACK CIDER PRESS Chimney Back SN A machine that presses apples to extract juice for the production of cider. USE FIREBACK CL MACHINERY Chimney Bar Cill USE BRESSUMMER USE SILL CHIMNEY BREAST CINQUEFOIL SN A stone or brick structure that projects into, or SN An ornamental foliation in panels or tracery so out of, a room and contains the flue. called because it is arranged around five CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT intervals, known as foils or cusps, that describe CHIMNEY BT the outlines of five leaves or petals. CHIMNEY COWL CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT TRACERY SN A covering of metal, stone or pottery set on a chimney breast above a fire to prevent smoke CIRCULAR PLAN entering the room and instead directing it up the SN The plan on which a circular building is chimney. constructed. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT CHIMNEY BT STRUCTURAL PLAN Chimney Piece CLADDING USE MANTELPIECE SN A non-structural covering, such as tile, slate, CHIMNEY POT wood etc., applied to an exterior wall. SN A cylindrical, polygonal, or square element of CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT brick, metal or terracotta fixed on top of a NT CLAPBOARD

19 SLATE HANGING similar fixtures and fittings. TILE HANGING CL AREAS AND SPACES WEATHERBOARDING BT ROOM CLAPBOARD CLOCK TOWER SN A horizontal, riven board, tapered in section, SN A tall structure, high in proportion to its lateral used for external cladding. dimensions, often rising in stages, free standing CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT or part of another building, surmounted by a BT CLADDING clock. CLAPPING QUOIN CL BUILDING COMPONENT UF Hollow Quoin BT TOWER SN A quoin, usually of stone, with a concave rebate CLOISTER at one corner forming the surface against which SN A covered ambulatory, usually arcaded, arranged the rounded edge of a canal lock gate turns, around three or four sides of a quadrangle in a making a kind of hinge. monastic or collegiate establishment. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT QUOIN BT AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) CLASPED PURLIN RT ANTEPORTICO SN A purlin that rests against the lower surface of a CLOISTER GARTH principal rafter and is supported by a queen post, SN A quadrangle or courtyard, often grassed or collar or raking strut. planted, surrounded by cloisters CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT THROUGH PURLIN BT COURTYARD CLASPING BUTTRESS CLOSE STUDDING SN A buttress which encases the corner between SN In timber framed buildings this is the division of a two walls. wall into narrow panels by vertical studs. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BUTTRESS BT STUD CLASSROOM CLOSED TRUSS SN A room intended for the purpose of teaching a SN A truss in which spaces between timbers are group or class of students simultaneously. filled, as between rooms and at the ends of a CL AREAS AND SPACES building. BT SCHOOLROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Clearstorey BT TRUSS USE CLERESTORY CLOSET Clearstory SN A small chamber or private room. USE CLERESTORY CL AREAS AND SPACES BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE Clerestorey CLOTHING STORE USE CLERESTORY SN A room within a building or complex used for CLERESTORY storing clothing. UF Clearstorey CL AREAS AND SPACES Clearstory BT STOREROOM Clerestorey CLUSTERED COLUMN Overstorey SN The upper parts of walls carried on arcades or UF Compound Column colonnades in the nave, choir or transepts of a SN A pier made up of several columns clustered church or hall, rising higher than the lean-to roofs together. They can be attached through their of the aisles and pierced with windows to allow whole length or only at top and bottom. light to penetrate. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT COLUMN CLIMBING WALL Clustered Pier SN An artifically constructed wall with recessed and USE COMPOUND PIER projecting grips for hands and feet and places to COAL TIPPLER attach ropes. Used for practising rock climbing. If SN Loading machinery tipping coal into railway the wall is a free-standing external structure use wagons, usually at a pithead. term for the Thesaurus of Monument Types. CL MACHINERY CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT HYDRAULIC TIPPLER CLOAKROOM COALING CRANE SN A room in which cloaks, coats, hats etc may be SN A crane used for moving coal during the left and often including coathooks, hat boxes and

20 refuelling of coal-powered vessels or CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT locomotives. BT COLONNADE CL MACHINERY COLONNETTE BT CRANE SN A small shaft or column. Coat Of Arms CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS BT COLUMN NT NOOK SHAFT COFFERING SN A series of recessed, ornamental panels COLOSSAL ORDER decorating a ceiling. UF Giant Order CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN An order in which the columns rise more than BT PANELLING one storey in height from the ground or plinth. CL ORDER COGGED JOIST SN A joist that has its end resting in a recess in a COLUMN transverse beam. UF Demi Column CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A vertical, circular member, usually load-carrying. BT JOIST Where separate, use monument type. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Coien NT ANGLE COLUMN USE QUOIN ANNULATED COLUMN Coign ANNULET APOPHYGE USE QUOIN APPLIED COLUMN Coin ATLANTIS ATTIC COLUMN USE QUOIN BANDED COLUMN Cold Bath BLOCKED COLUMN USE FRIGIDARIUM CARYATID CLUSTERED COLUMN COLLAR COLONNETTE SN A horizontal member connecting rafters or cruck COMPOSITE COLUMN blades at a point between their feet and the apex CORINTHIAN COLUMN of the roof. DETACHED COLUMN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT DORIC COLUMN DRUM COLLAR PLATE ENGAGED COLUMN SN A horizontal timber that joins the collars of a IONIC COLUMN series of roof trusses. SPIRAL COLUMN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TUSCAN COLUMN BT PLATE COMBER COLLAR PURLIN SN A machine used for combing wool. Use more SN A longitudinal member in a roof, running beneath specific term where known. the collar beams and intended to give stability to CL MACHINERY the roof. NT HEILMANN COMBER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT HOLDEN COMBER BT PURLIN LISTER COMBER COLLEGE HALL NOBLE COMBER SN A large communal room within a college complex COMBINATION MILL used for functions, assemblies, examinations etc. SN A flour milling machine using both stones and CL AREAS AND SPACES rollers to produce flour and, perhaps mainly from BT HALL (COMMUNAL) the stones, animal feed from grains other than NT EXAMINATION HALL wheat. CL MACHINERY COLONNADE BT FLOUR MILL SN A row of columns that carry arches or an entablature. COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A propulsion system for ships which need a NT BLIND COLONNADE maximum speed that is considerably faster than COLONNADE A JOUR their cruise speed, particularly warships. It PERISTYLE consists of diesel engines for cruising and gas turbines for high-speed transits. COLONNADE A JOUR CL MACHINERY SN A colonnade where it is exposed to the air on BT GAS TURBINE two sides. DIESEL ENGINE

21 COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE SN A detached, sometimes monolithic vertical SN A propulsion system for ships using a structural element usually circular, square or combination of steam turbines and gas turbines to polygonal bearing an ornate eight-voluted Ionic power the shafts. Capital. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GAS TURBINE BT COLUMN STEAM TURBINE CL ORDER BT COMPOSITE ORDER COMMITTEE ROOM SN A room where a committee meets to discuss COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE matters put before them. SN The horizontal assembly of architrave, frieze and CL AREAS AND SPACES cornice carried upon columns and pilasters in the BT MEETING ROOM Composite order; and so containing elements of the Ionic and Corinthian orders. COMMON RAFTER CL ORDER SN A rafter of uniform size placed at regular BT COMPOSITE ORDER intervals along the length of a roof. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ENTABLATURE BT RAFTER COMPOSITE ORDER COMMON RAFTER ROOF SN An order composed of elements of the Ionic and SN A roof consisting entirely of common rafters, Corinthian orders. without the use of principals, in pairs but not CL ORDER connected by collar-beams. NT COMPOSITE ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT COMPOSITE BASE BT ROOF COMPOSITE CAPITAL COMMON RAFTER TRUSS COMPOSITE COLUMN COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE SN A pair of common rafters with a collar. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Compound Column BT TRUSS USE CLUSTERED COLUMN COMMON ROOM COMPOUND PIER SN A room in general use for persons to meet, often UF Clustered Pier found at institutions such as colleges. SN A pier made up of several shafts against it. The CL AREAS AND SPACES shafts can be attached or detached. BT MEETING ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Communion Rail COMPOUND RAFTER USE ALTAR RAIL SN A doubled rafter, separated by cleats, spacers or Communion Table distance pieces. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ALTAR USE BT RAFTER COMPOSITE ARCH NT SECONDARY RAFTER SN A lancet arch designed in the composite style. COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE CL ORDER SN A steam engine that uses the same steam BT COMPOSITE ORDER successively to drive pistons in high and then CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT low pressure cylinders. BT LANCET ARCH CL MACHINERY COMPOSITE BASE BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE NT EXTRACTION ENGINE SN Bases of this order are often referred to as spira MANHATTAN ENGINE and have a double astragal in the middle. WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE CL ORDER WOOLF COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE BT COMPOSITE ORDER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CONCEALED BRACE BT BASE SN A brace halved to the inside of studs, and so not COMPOSITE CAPITAL visible from outside. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An ornate version of an eight-voluted Ionic capital BT BRACE known as an angular capital or Scamozzi under which are added two tiers of acanthus leaves. CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE CL ORDER SN A steam engine in which the spent steam leaving BT COMPOSITE ORDER the cylinder passes to a condenser instead of CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT being exhausted to the atmosphere. The BT CAPITAL condenser creates a partial vacuum which COMPOSITE COLUMN increases the pressure drop across the engine,

22 so raising its efficiency. chimney, gable etc., usually curved, sloping or CL MACHINERY ridged to prevent rainwater settling. BT STEAM ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CONFERENCE ROOM CORBEL SN A room where organizations and associations SN A cantilevered block projecting from the face of a meet for the undertaking of presentations and wall and supporting a structure such as a consultation. parapet, beam or arch. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT AUDITORIUM RT CORBEL TABLE MEETING ROOM CORBEL TABLE CONFESSIO SN A projecting wall or structure, such as a parapet SN A recess or chamber near the altar which holds or battlement, supported by a series of corbels. a relic. A feature of medieval churches. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES RT CORBEL BT ROOM CORINTHIAN BASE CONFESSIONAL SN A slender and elegant base usually of Attic type SN A booth, cubicle or recess, often enclosed, in with two tori, two scotiae and two astragals. which a priest, usually screened from view, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT hears confessions. BT BASE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL ORDER CL AREAS AND SPACES BT CORINTHIAN ORDER BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CORINTHIAN CAPITAL CONSERVATORY SN A capital with two rows of eight acanthus leaves SN An extension to a building usually made primarily rising above an astragal;from between the leaves of glass, for growing plants. of the upper row rise eight stalks,each CL BUILDING COMPONENT surmounted by a calyx from which emerge volutes carryingthe corners of the concave sided CONSOLE abacus and central ornaments SN An S-shaped ornamental bracket with a greater CL ORDER height than projection. BT CORINTHIAN ORDER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BRACKET BT CAPITAL CONTRA FLOW STEAM ENGINE CORINTHIAN COLUMN SN The common design of steam engine, where SN A vertical structure usually with an Attic base or steam enters the cylinder at one end, and after it spira with slender and elegant design, with a has pushed the piston to the other end, its capital decorated with acanthus leaves and an direction of flow is reversed as the piston entablature rich in carved ornament. returns, the steam leaving the cylinder through CL ORDER the exhaust ports. BT CORINTHIAN ORDER CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STEAM ENGINE BT COLUMN CONTROL ROOM CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE SN A room in which actions are checked, verified SN An entablature often of great magnificence with and approved. bead and reel between fasciae of the architrave, CL AREAS AND SPACES frieze ornamented with continuous sculpture and BT ROOM cornice, with ornate coffers and richly carved CONVEYOR BELT modillions. CL ORDER UF Creeper BT CORINTHIAN ORDER SN A machine consisting of a continuously moving CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT band of fabric, rubber, or metal used for BT ENTABLATURE transporting people or objects from one place to another. CORINTHIAN ORDER CL MACHINERY SN A classical order having a bell shaped capital that COOLING TOWER is decorated with laurel, olive or acanthus leaves from which CAULICOLI emerge. The shaft is SN A large structure, usually associated with power usually fluted and the base is often an Attic base. stations, in which hot water undergoes a CL ORDER process of cooling before being re-used . NT ATTIC BASE CL MACHINERY CORINTHIAN BASE COPING CORINTHIAN CAPITAL CORINTHIAN COLUMN SN A protective covering applied to the top of a wall, CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE

23 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CORNER BRACE BT APSE SN A short, horizontal brace set between a tiebeam and a wall plate to strengthen the structure. COUNTERSCARP BANK CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A low bank on the edge of a defensive ditch on BT BRACE the side away from the main rampart. CL BUILDING COMPONENT Corner Capital USE ANGLE CAPITAL COUPLED ROOF SN A roof in which pairs of rafters are fixed to the CORNICE ridge piece and the wall plates without any SN The upper part of the classical entablature. Also collars or tiebeams. a moulded projection crowning a door, wall, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT window etc. BT ROOF CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ENTABLATURE COURTROOM NT BLOCK CORNICE SN The place, hall or chamber in which justice is CORONA administered. CYMATIUM CL AREAS AND SPACES MUTULE BT MEETING ROOM RAKING CORNICE COURTYARD CORNISH ENGINE SN An enclosed area, often surrounded by walls or SN A beam steam engine originating in Cornwall, first buildings. used for raising water from mines. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE NT ANTECOURT CORNUCOPIA BASE COURT CLOISTER GARTH SN Decorative ornamentation in the form of a horn FORECOURT filled with fruit etc. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES COURTYARD PLAN UF Quadrangle Plan CORONA SN A plan of a house where the buildings are around SN A vertical faced projection in the cornice. at least three sides of a quadrilateral courtyard. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT CORNICE BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CORPS DE LOGIS NT DOUBLE COURTYARD PLAN SN The main body of a structure not including wings COVE etc. SN A large concave moulding. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT PLAN COMPONENT BT MOULDING CORRIDOR Cover Slip SN A passageway within a building providing USE BATTEN access to rooms. CL AREAS AND SPACES COVERED WAY BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE UF Alatoria Alatorium COUNCIL CHAMBER Alorium SN A assembly room or rooms in which a collection Pentice of nominated persons meet to transact business Slype of relevant purpose. SN A passageway or corridor beteen two areas CL AREAS AND SPACES which is covered. BT MEETING ROOM CL AREAS AND SPACES COUNTER BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE UF Sales Counter Covey SN A flat-topped, often elongated, construction at USE PANTRY which customers are served by staff in a commercial establishment such as a bank, shop, Covie inn etc. USE PANTRY CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Coyn NT BAR USE QUOIN COUNTER APSE Cradle Roof SN The apse at the west end of the nave in a double-ended church. USE WAGON ROOF

24 CRANE SN A method of floor construction in which sections SN A machine used for lifting materials. of joists run at right-angles to one another. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT COALING CRANE BT JOIST DERRICK CROSS PASSAGE FLOATING CRANE HYDRAULIC CRANE SN Entry to a hall through opposing doors with a JIB CRANE partition screening the hall and forming a MOVING CRANE passageway. QUARRY HOIST CL AREAS AND SPACES QUAY CRANE BT PASSAGE STEAM CRANE CROSS TRANSEPT TRAVELLING CRANE TREADMILL CRANE SN The transverse portion of a cruciform church, or WALL CRANE the arms on either side of the crossing, often with chapels at the east sides and possibly with CREDENCE aisles as well. SN In churches a niche, or shelf, within or beside a CL AREAS AND SPACES piscina, or a table for the sacramental elements BT TRANSEPT and vessels. (Source: Pevsner Glossary) CROSS TREE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT NICHE SN Two intersecting beams set on the ground to RT PISCINA support a post, usually for a post mill. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CREEP RT QUARTER BAR UF Sheep Creep CROSS VAULT SN A small opening built into a stone wall or hedge to allow small animals through. SN A vault created by the intersection of two other CL AREAS AND SPACES vaults set at right angles to each other and of BT ENTRANCE equal size. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Creeper BT VAULT USE CONVEYOR BELT CROSS WINDOW Crenel SN A window with a single mullion and a single USE CRENELLATION transom. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CRENELLATION BT WINDOW UF Crenel CROSS WING Crenelle Embrasure SN A wing joined to the main body of the building SN The openings between the upright blocks, or with the roof at right angles to the main roof. merlons, of a battlement. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WING BT BATTLEMENT CROSSING Crenelle SN The intersection and space between the nave, USE CRENELLATION chancel and transepts in a cruciform church. CL AREAS AND SPACES CROCKET CAPITAL BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A capital which is decorated with stylized leaves RT CROSSING TOWER similar to small volutes. CROSSING TOWER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CAPITAL SN A tower which rises above the space at the intersection of the nave, chancel and transepts CROSS ENTRY of a church. Usually pierced by windows to SN The entry to a hall through opposed doorways, provide light directly to the area below. but without a passage formed by a wall or CL BUILDING COMPONENT partition. BT TOWER CL AREAS AND SPACES RT CROSSING BT ENTRANCE LANTERN CROSS GABLE Crouds SN A gable supporting a roof, placed at right-angles USE CRYPT to the main part of the roof. CROWN PLATE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GABLE SN A plate in a crown post roof, supported on crown posts and bearing the collars. CROSS JOISTING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

25 BT PLATE attached to it. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CROWN POST BT STUD SN An upright timber standing on a tiebeam to support a collar or purlin. Once used as an CRUSHING CIRCLE alternative to king post, this term is now restricted SN A horse-powered apparatus, for the crushing of to the shorter post ending at collar level. commodities such as ore or cider apples, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT consisting of a stone wheel running over a BT POST circular iron or stone bed. CL MACHINERY CROWN STEEPLE CRYPT SN A steeple in which the spire resembles a crown. CL BUILDING COMPONENT UF Crouds BT STEEPLE SN A wholly or partially underground chamber, often beneath a chancel, equipped for religious CROWN STRUT services and usually containing tombs. SN An upright timber similar to a crown post, but not CL AREAS AND SPACES supporting a plate. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ARCOSOLIUM BT STRUT RING CRYPT CROWN TREE Cube Capital SN The main vertical beam standing at the centre of a USE CUSHION CAPITAL post mill carrying the bearing upon which the CUPBOARD body of the mill rotates. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A recess, often containing shelves and usually fitted with a door or doors, used for the storage CROWN WHEEL of items. SN The gearwheel on the upright shaft within a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT windmill from which secondary drives operating CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS other parts of the machinery are powered. are NT AUMBRY taken WARDROBE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CUPOLA CROWSTEPPED GABLE SN A small dome on top of a larger dome, roof etc. SN A gable with sides shaped like a flight of steps. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CURTAIN WALL BT GABLE SN A wall connecting two pavilions, bastions, CRUCIFORM PLAN towers etc.. SN A building plan in the shape of a cross. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT WALL BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CUSHION CAPITAL CRUCK UF Block Capital UF Full Cruck Cube Capital SN A pair of timbers, or blades, usually curved, rising Pillow Capital from a place at or near ground level to a point at SN A cube-shaped capital with its lower corners or near the apex of a roof, forming an rounded to facilitate the transition from the approximately triangular frame on which the circular shaft below to the square abacus it subsidiary structure rests. supports. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS BT CAPITAL NT BASE CRUCK NT SCALLOPED CAPITAL BLADE CUTWATER CRUCK SPUR END CRUCK SN The wedge shaped end of a bridge pier designed JOINTED CRUCK to break the current of water. RAISED CRUCK CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UPPER CRUCK CYCLE RACK CRUCK SPUR SN A structure used for the secure storage of SN A short timber connecting a cruck's timber, or bicycles. blade, to a wall plate. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CYMA RECTA BT CRUCK UF Ogee Moulding CRUCK STUD SN A decorative S-shaped moulding, usually placed SN A stud on the outside of a cruck blade and at the top of a cornice, with a convex lower half

26 and a concave upper half. BT MEETING ROOM CL DECORATIVE FEATURES Deambulatory BT MOULDING RT OGEE USE AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) CYMA REVERSA Dean Hole SN A decorative S-shaped moulding, usually placed USE PRIESTS HOLE at the top of a cornice, with a concave lower DEBATING ROOM half and a convex upper half. SN A chamber where discussions of issues take CL DECORATIVE FEATURES place, often found at universities. BT MOULDING CL AREAS AND SPACES CYMATIUM BT MEETING ROOM SN The top of a cornice in an entablature. DECORATED PANEL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Inscribed Panel BT CORNICE Painted Panel DADO (PEDESTAL) SN A panel, usually wooden or stone, painted or UF Die engraved with an illustration or inscription. SN The area between the base and the cornice of a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT plinth. BT PANEL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT DECORATIVE FEATURES BT PEDESTAL SN A component part that is designed deliberately for DADO (WALL) decorative purposes. SN The lower area of a interior wall between the CL DECORATIVE FEATURES skirting board and the dado rail NT ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ANIMAL FIGURE BT WALL ANTEFIX RT DADO RAIL ARCHIVOLT AUREOLE DADO RAIL CAMOUFLAGE SN A wall-mounted moulding defining the upper edge CARTOUCHE of the dado, intended to protect the wall's CEILING PAINTING surface from damage caused by chairs being CHAMFER pushed against it. CORNUCOPIA CL DECORATIVE FEATURES DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK BT MOULDING DENTIL RT DADO (WALL) DIAPER EGG AND DART DAIS FINIAL SN A raised platform at the end of a hall on which FLORAL FEATURE the high table sat, though sometimes used to FLUSHWORK describe the table itself. GRAFFITO CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GUTTAE DAIS BEAM HUMAN FIGURE KEY PATTERN SN A decorated beam, above the dais or high table, KNOTWORK attached to the partition at the upper end of a hall. MEDALLION CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT MOULDING BT BEAM OGEE DAIS CANOPY OVERMANTEL OVERTHROW SN A framed canopy suspended above the dais or PAINTING high table at the upper end of a hall. PANELLING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PATERA DANCE FLOOR PICTURE FRAME PINNACLE SN An open floor surface for dancing. REBUS CL AREAS AND SPACES SCULPTURE DASHWHEEL SPIRAL FLUTING SN An early washing machine used in bleaching STONE CARVING works for washing calico and other textiles. STRAPWORK CL MACHINERY TILING TRACERY DAY ROOM VOLUTE SN A communal living room. WALL PAINTING CL AREAS AND SPACES WALLPAPER

27 DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK DINING ROOM SN An area of plasterwork modelled or incised with UF Tearoom ornamental designs or motifs. SN A room, furnished with tables and chairs, where CL DECORATIVE FEATURES meals and refreshments are served and NT PARGETTING consumed. CL AREAS AND SPACES Demi Column BT ROOM USE COLUMN NT BANQUETING HALL DENTIL BREAKFAST ROOM CANTEEN SN One of a series of small, rectangular blocks HINDS HALL arranged like a row of teeth, projecting from the REFECTORY lower part of a cornice in many classical orders. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES DIOCLETIAN WINDOW DERRICK UF Therm Thermal Window SN A machine for hoisting or moving heavy weights, SN A semi-circular opening or window divided, by consisting of a spar or boom set up obliquely, two mullions, into three sections, the central with its head steadied by guys, and furnished section being wider than those either side of it. with suitable tackle and purchases. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT MULLIONED WINDOW BT CRANE DIRECT ENTRY PLAN DETACHED COLUMN SN A plan in which entry is directly into a room UF Insulated Column without being situated opposite a fireplace. SN An unengaged, or free-standing, column. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUCTURAL PLAN BT COLUMN Discharging Arch Diaconicon USE RELIEVING ARCH USE SACRISTY DISK ENGINE DIAGONAL BUTTRESS SN A hydraulic engine patented in 1830 comprising a SN A buttress placed at the exterior corner of a large specially shaped cast-iron outer casing building, forming a 135 degree angle with the enclosing a close-fitting but separate solid globe. walls it supports. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT HYDRAULIC ENGINE BT BUTTRESS DISPLAY CASE DIAMOND MULLION SN An enclosed structure, usually glass fronted, SN A mullion of square section set diagonally. designed to contain, and facilitate the viewing of, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT objects or notices. May be built into the fabric of a BT MULLION room, affixed to an exterior or exterior wall or DIAPER free standing. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A decorative, repeating geometric pattern, utilizing motifs such as lozenges, leaves etc., DOGLEG STAIRCASE applied to a wall or panel, or incorporated into SN A staircase divided into two parallel flights joined brickwork by laying different coloured bricks in a by a landing with no well between the outer series of squares, diamonds. strings. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL BUILDING COMPONENT Die BT STAIRCASE USE DADO (PEDESTAL) DOGTOOTH MOULDING DIESEL ENGINE SN A decorative moulding featuring a repeating star- like motif carved in relief. SN Internal combustion engine powered by diesel CL DECORATIVE FEATURES fuel. BT MOULDING CL MACHINERY BT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DOME NT COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE SN A roof, circular in plan, usually semicircular in DIMINISHED PRINCIPAL section, over a circular, square or polygonal base. SN A principal that has been reduced to the same CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT thickness as a common rafter where the roof has clasped purlins. DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The entrance to a building, apartment or any BT PRINCIPAL enclosure consisting of a movable barrier, usually lockable, of wood or other materials.

28 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An entablature with a plain architrave or principal NT BATTENED DOOR beam over which are the frieze and cornice. HECK DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT JIB DOOR BT ENTABLATURE PANELLED DOOR CL ORDER PLANKED DOOR BT DORIC ORDER PRIESTS DOOR DORIC ORDER STUDDED DOOR TRAPDOOR SN A classical order with metopes and triglyphs in WICKET the frieze. Greek Doric has no base and a fluted RT AEDICULE (FRAME) column but Roman Doric does have a base and DOORCASE may or may not have a fluted column. DOORWAY CL ORDER DRAW BAR NT DORIC BASE FANLIGHT DORIC CAPITAL DORIC COLUMN DOOR LINTEL DORIC ENTABLATURE SN A lintel over a door. METOPE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TRIGLYPH BT LINTEL DORMER DOOR POST SN A chamber usually used for sleeping. SN A vertical upright on either side of a door. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT DORMER WINDOW BT POST RT JAMB SN A projecting vertical window in the sloping roof of a house. DOORCASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The wood, stone or brick framework, lining a BT WINDOW doorway, from which the door is hung. DORMITORY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT DOOR UF Dorter DOORWAY SN A sleeping apartment usually containing a number of beds and sometimes partitioned into cubicles.A DOORWAY room for sleeping in, usually for a number of SN The space in which a door is placed, allowing beds. passage through. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT RETIREMENT ROOM BT ENTRANCE NT WARD RT DOOR Dorter DOORCASE TRUMEAU USE DORMITORY DORIC BASE DOUBLE ARCH BRACED TRUSS SN A base of the Roman Doric order with a torus, an SN A truss in which two pairs of arch braces form a astragal and a fillet. continuous curve from the wall-heads or below CL ORDER to meet in the centre of the collar. BT DORIC ORDER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS BT BASE DOUBLE COURTYARD PLAN DORIC CAPITAL SN Two linked quadrangular open areas surrounded SN A capital with an abacus, ovolo, neck and by walls or buildings. astragal. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL ORDER BT COURTYARD PLAN BT DORIC ORDER DOUBLE DEPTH PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A plan in which the building is two rooms deep BT CAPITAL but has no central corridor. DORIC COLUMN CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS SN A column that is equidistant, with BT STRUCTURAL PLAN intercolumniations, even at the corners, with two DOUBLE PILE PLAN or more triglyphs over each intercolumniation. SN An English seventeenth century house plan CL ORDER consisting of a rectangular block two rooms BT DORIC ORDER deep, the rooms sometimes separated by a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT passage. BT COLUMN CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS DORIC ENTABLATURE BT STRUCTURAL PLAN

29 intended for dressing or changing one's clothes Double Suntrap Plan and furnished with wardrobes, dressing tables USE BUTTERFLY PLAN and other facilities for the application of make-up, DOVECOTE styling of hair etc. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A shelter for doves or pigeons, often containing BT ROOM nesting boxes, either free-standing or built into RT CHANGING ROOM other structures (barns, towers etc.). If a dedicated, free-standing structure, index with Drip Mould MONUMENT TYPE: DOVECOTE. USE DRIPSTONE CL BUILDING COMPONENT RT NEST HOLE DRIPSTONE UF Drip Mould DOVETAIL JOINT Hood Mould SN A joint in which the end is shaped like a dovetail. SN A moulding that projects from a wall above an CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT exterior opening and is shaped to channel BT JOINT rainwater away from it. NT LAP DOVETAIL JOINT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES Downpipe BT MOULDING NT LABEL USE RAINWATER PIPE SHELL HOOD DOWNWARD BRACE RT LABEL STOP SN A brace running from a vertical to a lower DRIVE horizontal timber. UF Drive Mechanism CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The primary mechanism within an engine or BT BRACE device that transmits motion, especially rotary DRAGON BEAM motion, to wheels, cogs, turntables etc. CL MACHINERY SN A horizontal member cutting through the corner formed by two walls to act as a support to a hip Drive Mechanism rafter to support jetties on two adjacent sides of USE DRIVE an upper floor. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT DROP ARCH BT BEAM SN A pointed, two centred, arch whose span is DRAGON TIE greater than its height. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A horizontal brace linking tiebeam and wall plate, BT POINTED ARCH or adjacent wall plates at the corner of a hipped roof. DROPPED TIEBEAM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A transverse ceiling beam set below wall-plate BT BRACE level in order to increase head room within the DRAW BAR roof space; it carries knee principals, or the struts or braces of an interrupted tiebeam truss. SN A wooden bar sliding from a long channel at one CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT side of a doorway into a socket in the other jamb BT TIEBEAM so as to bar the door. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT DRUM RT DOOR SN A polygonal or circular stone forming part of the DRAW LOOM shaft of a column. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A hand-operated loom on which figured cloth BT COLUMN could be woven, also known as a drawing engine. DUNGEON CL MACHINERY SN A chamber for the incarceration of one or more BT LOOM prisoners. DRAWING ROOM CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM UF Withdrawing Chamber NT OUBLIETTE Withdrawing Room SN A room to withdraw to from the dining room. DUPLEX PUMP CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A type of direct-acting, twin cylinder steam BT MEETING ROOM driven water pump. Dresser CL MACHINERY BT PUMP USE SIFTER DWARF TRANSEPT DRESSING ROOM SN A transept in which the two wings that extend SN A room, particularly in a house or theatre, beyond the walls of the nave are lower than the

30 nave and the crossing of the church. Egg And Tongue CL AREAS AND SPACES USE EGG AND DART BT TRANSEPT Elevator E SHAPE PLAN USE LIFT SN A plan type of a hall with two wings and a ELLIPTICAL ARCH central porch. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS SN An arch which is half an ellipse. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH EARTH CLOSET EMBATTLED MOULDING SN A wooden commode containing earth, which was used to cover and absorb human waste. An SN A decorative moulding featuring a geometric alternative, and rival, to the water closet. pattern suggesting the crenelles and merlons of a CL BUILDING COMPONENT battlement. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES EASTER SEPULCHRE BT MOULDING SN A recess, usually situated in the north wall of a Embattlement chancel, often canopied, containing a decorated tomb chest representing the burial and USE BATTLEMENT resurrection of Christ. Embrasure CL BUILDING COMPONENT USE CRENELLATION RT TOMB END CRUCK EAVE SN A cruck blade, sometimes jointed, set in the SN The edge of a roof that hangs over the wall. centre of a gable wall, usually of a cruck-framed CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT building. BT ROOF CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT EAVES BOARD BT CRUCK EAVES BOARD END HALL PLAN SN A board on the lower edge of a sloping roof SN A medieval plan with the hall situated at one end which protects the top of the external wall. of the main range. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT EAVE BT STRUCTURAL PLAN EAVES DRIP GULLY END LOBBY ENTRY PLAN SN A feature formed by water falling from the roof of SN A plan featuring a lobby entry, situated at one a building and creating a linear or curving end of a side wall, which provides access to one indentation in the ground. room only. CL IMPLIED FEATURE CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS ECHINUS MOULDING BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN An ovolo moulding below the abacus of a Doric Engaged Baluster or Ionic Capital. USE SPLIT BALUSTER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING ENGAGED COLUMN EDGE ROLL MOULDING UF Attached Column SN A column that is attached to or partly sunk into a SN A rounded or convex moulding, such as an ovolo wall or pier. or torus. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT COLUMN BT MOULDING RT APPLIED COLUMN Egg And Anchor ENGINE USE EGG AND DART SN A piece of machinery used to convert energy of EGG AND DART one sort (for instance steam) into motive energy. UF Egg And Anchor CL MACHINERY Egg And Leaf NT BARRING ENGINE Egg And Tongue BLOWING ENGINE SN Decorative ornamentation consisting of FIXED ENGINE alternating oval and V-shaped motifs, used to GRASSHOPPER ENGINE enrich ovolo mouldings. HOT AIR ENGINE CL DECORATIVE FEATURES HYDRAULIC ENGINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Egg And Leaf SCOTCH CRANK ENGINE USE EGG AND DART STEAM ENGINE ENTABLATURE

31 SN In the Classical Orders, the horizontal assembly Ewery of architrave, frieze and cornice carried upon USE SCULLERY columns and pilasters. EXAMINATION HALL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ARCHITRAVE SN A large room within a school or college used and COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE appropriately furnished for the sitting of CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE examinations by students.. CORNICE CL AREAS AND SPACES DORIC ENTABLATURE BT COLLEGE HALL FRIEZE EXEDRA IONIC ENTABLATURE TUSCAN ENTABLATURE SN A semicircular niche or recess in a wall. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ENTERCLOSE BT NICHE SN A passage between two rooms in a house or RT APSE leading from the door to the hall. EXERCISE YARD CL AREAS AND SPACES BT PASSAGE UF Airing Yard SN A yard intended for the purpose of taking ENTRANCE exercise, for example within the grounds of a SN A place of entry into a site, monument or building. prison. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES NT ADIT BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CARRIAGE ENTRANCE EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CREEP CROSS ENTRY SN A space or area that is outside a building. DOORWAY CL AREAS AND SPACES ENTRANCE HALL NT AMBITUS GATEWAY AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) ANTEPORTICO ENTRANCE BLOCK ATRIUM (ECCLESIASTICAL) SN A building forming part of a complex or larger BAILEY establishment, such as a workhouse, that serves BOATING POOL as an entrance equipped with facilities COURTYARD associated with procedures undergone by new COVERED WAY arrivals. EXERCISE YARD CL BUILDING COMPONENT PADDLING POOL PARADISE ENTRANCE HALL PARVIS SN The passage, area, lobby, room or vestibule into PERGOLA which a building's main entrance opens. EXTERNAL STAIRCASE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT HALL (COMMUNAL) SN A flight of stairs, situated on a building's exterior, ENTRANCE extending to an upper storey. CL BUILDING COMPONENT Epistyle BT STAIRCASE USE ARCHITRAVE EXTRACTION ENGINE EQUILATERAL ARCH SN A compound steam engine with provision for SN An arch whose height is equal to its span. bleeding off some steam after it has passed CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT through the high pressure cylinder and before it BT ARCH enters the low pressure cylinder. CL MACHINERY ESCALATOR BT COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE SN Staircase whose moving steps are driven mechanically whilst remaining permanently in a EXTRADOS horizontal plane allowing users or objects to be SN The outer curve of an arch or vault. moved effortlessly from one level to another, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT within or outside a building. BT ARCH CL BUILDING COMPONENT RT INTRADOS BT STAIRCASE FACADE CL MACHINERY SN The external face or elevation of a building, ESCUTCHEON especially the principal front. SN A decorative feature of a shield for armorial CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT bearings. NT ASTYLAR CL DECORATIVE FEATURES FACE HALVED JOINT BT ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS SN A joint in which the side, or face, of a timber has

32 been squarely cut away to fit into a SN A bladed wheel attached to the rear, and at right corresponding cut-away in the side of another angles to the main sails, of a windmill. Connected member. to winding gear, the fantail would catch the wind CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT when it changed direction, allowing the mill to BT JOINT move automatically into the wind. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FAIRBAIRN JIB CRANE RT FAN CARRIAGE SN A specialised form of crane, usually employed on FASCIA a dockside, featuring a curving, solid jib. CL MACHINERY SN One of two or three bands on a classical BT JIB CRANE architrave, each projecting slightly beyiond the one below, often separated by enriched FAIRBAIRNS LEVER mouldings. Also a vertical band or board, such as SN A mechanical testing machine used to carry out that over a shop front on which its name is pioneering tests on various materials, particularly painted. cast-iron beams, to determine practical data on CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT their strength and other properties. BT ARCHITRAVE CL MACHINERY FASTENING FALSE ARCH SN An item used to fasten, bind or join one item to SN An arch built by corbelling or cantilevering in from another. both sides with horizontal joints. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ARMILLA BT ARCH BRACE FALSE GABLE HINGE JOINT SN A gable without a roof behind it. KEY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PIVOT BT GABLE FEATURE FALSE HAMMER BEAM SN An archaeological component which cuts, SN A transverse timber resembling a hammer beam overlies or abuts other features such as ditches, but without a hammer post above, being braced pits and building foundations. to a principal or collar instead. CL UNASSIGNED CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BEAM FERETORY FALSE HAMMER BEAM TRUSS SN An area in a church, sometimes defined by screens, containing a shrine. Also a shrine, SN A truss with a transverse timber like a hammer- usually portable, containing religious relics. beam, but braced to a principal or collar without a CL AREAS AND SPACES hammer-post. BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS FEVER WARD FAN CARRIAGE SN An area of a building or complex, such as a workhouse, hospital or prison used to house SN A wheeled device supporting a windmill's fantail infirm inmates suffering from fever. that moves around a trackway thus turning the CL AREAS AND SPACES windmill into the wind. BT WARD CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT FANTAIL FILLET FAN VAULT SN A plain, narrow moulding or area, sometimes projecting, separating two decorated mouldings SN A vault composed of concave cones, inverted or features such as the vertical grooves on a and overlaid with ribs that rise from the springing fluted column. of the vault and diverge equally in different CL DECORATIVE FEATURES directions, producing an effect like the ribs of an BT MOULDING opened fan. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FINIAL BT RIBBED VAULT SN The shaped projection on the top of a newel post FANLIGHT or at the apex of a gable. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A semi-circular window, often decorated and NT BALL FINIAL with its glazing bars radiating like the ribs of an opened fan, set above a door. FIRE WINDOW CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A small window placed to cast light upon a BT WINDOW fireplace. RT DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FANTAIL BT WINDOW

33 FIREBACK COUNTER UF Chimney Back CUPBOARD SN The heat-resistant wall, or sometimes decorative CYCLE RACK cast iron panel, at the back of a fireplace. DISPLAY CASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FIREPLACE SURROUND BT FIREPLACE FONT FUSEBOX FIREPLACE GRILLE SN The opening at the base of a chimney stack. LAMP CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LECTERN NT FIREBACK MANTELPIECE INGLENOOK ORGAN RT FIREPLACE SURROUND OVEN MANTELPIECE PEW PLATFORM FIREPLACE SURROUND PISCINA PULPIT SN The architectural element made of brick, tile, RAILING stone or certain woods which surrounds a RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS fireplace to provide aesthetic and safety benefits. RETABLE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SCONCE RT FIREPLACE SEAT FIRING STEP SHELF SHRINE SN A cutting, bank or block positioned against the SIGN wall of a trench, fort, parapet etc. to allow STOUP riflemen to shoot over the crest of the wall or SWIMMING POOL parapet from a standing position. TABERNACLE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TRUNKING NT BANQUETTE VAT FIRST AID ROOM WALL SAFE SN A room set aside for the initial treatment of WATER TANK injuries sustained for example in public amenities YORKSHIRE SQUARE FLAT ARCH such as lidos. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN An arch which is formed by keystones but is flat BT ROOM like a lintel CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FITNESS SUITE BT ARCH SN A room or rooms containing fitness equipment FLAT ROOF such as running machines and weights. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A roof with a slope of less than ten degrees to BT RECREATION ROOM the horizontal. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FIXED ENGINE BT ROOF SN A stationary winding steam engine positioned at FLECHE the top of a railway incline for hauling up trains and locomotives. SN A spire, or spirelet surmounting a roof, especially CL MACHINERY over the crossing of a French Gothic Cathedral. BT ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT SPIRE FIXED QUAY CRANE FLEMISH GABLE SN A crane that is fixed to a quay and used for the loading and unloading of cargo. SN A gable with curved sides and an identifiable CL MACHINERY pediment. BT QUAY CRANE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GABLE FIXTURES AND FITTINGS FLEUR DE LYS SN Accessories used in furnishing and embellishing a building or structure. SN Decorative ornamentation of a formalized lily. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL DECORATIVE FEATURES NT ALTAR BT FLORAL FEATURE ALTAR RAIL FLEURON AMBO BATH SN Decorative ornamentation of a flower or leaf. BOOT SCRAPER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CHANDELIER BT FLORAL FEATURE CLIMBING WALL FLITCHED BEAM CONFESSIONAL SN A composite beam of timber strengthened by an

34 iron plate, or plates, used in the construction of FONT 18th and 19th century timber framed mills and warehouses. SN A receptacle to hold water used in baptism CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT usually found in a baptistery or nave of a church. BT BEAM CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT IMMERSION FONT FLOATING CRANE FOOD PREPARATION ROOM SN A mobile crane which floats on water. CL MACHINERY SN A room in which food is prepared. BT CRANE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM FLOOR NT BAKERY SN The lower, horizontal surface of a room on which BREAD ROOM people walk. Can also mean a storey of a BUTTERY building. CAMBA CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT KITCHEN NT MOSAIC LARDER PANTRY FLORAL FEATURE FOREBUILDING SN A decorative feature in the style of a flower or plant. Use more specific term. SN A subsidiary tower or projection attached to the CL DECORATIVE FEATURES front of a keep containing access to its first floor NT ACANTHUS entrance. ANTHEMION CL BUILDING COMPONENT ARABESQUE BT TOWER BALL FLOWER Forechoir BAY LEAF CAULICOLI USE ANTECHOIR FLEUR DE LYS Forechurch FLEURON USE ANTECHURCH PALMETTE ROSETTE FORECOURT TUDOR FLOWER SN An enclosed area in front of a structure. TUDOR ROSE CL AREAS AND SPACES FLOUR MILL BT COURTYARD SN A machine, usually contained in a building called a FOUNDATION flour mill which reduces grain into constituent SN The lowest part, or base, of a structure, parts or ‘streams’ which include flour. For a Flour sometimes built into the ground, on which the Mill buliding use FLOUR MILL in Monument Type. weight of the whole rests. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT COMBINATION MILL ROLLER MILL FOUNDATION STONE STONE MILL SN A stone, usually inscribed, laid during a ceremony FLUE to commemorate the founding of a new building CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A duct or channel for hot air to travel through. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FOUR CENTRED ARCH FLUSHWORK SN A pointed arch which, on a plan, is shown to be constructed around four arcs: two centred SN The use of knapped flint applied to a wall to form below and two centred upon the springing line, a decorative pattern. which is the level at which the vertical sides of CL DECORATIVE FEATURES the arch begin to curve. FLUTING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A concave groove or series of grooves. BT ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FOURDRINIER MACHINE FLYING BUTTRESS SN A machine for making paper in a continuous SN A buttress set away from the structure it length. supports, joined to it by an arch. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FOURNEYRON WATER TURBINE BT BUTTRESS SN An outward radial flow reaction water turbine. RT ARCH BUTTRESS CL MACHINERY FLYING SHUTTLE BT WATER TURBINE SN A device patented in 1733 for speeding up the Foyer weaving of cloth. USE LOBBY CL MACHINERY

35 FRANCIS WATER TURBINE SN A box or cupboard enclosing the fuses for the SN A mixed-flow reaction water turbine, developed electrical circuits within a building. in the USA in 1840 by James Bichino Francis, in CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS which water enters the runner radially and GABLE leaves axially. CL MACHINERY SN The part of the wall that supports a pitched roof BT WATER TURBINE at the end of the roof. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Frater NT AILERON USE REFECTORY CROSS GABLE CROWSTEPPED GABLE FRENCH WINDOW FALSE GABLE SN A casement window, carried down to floor level, FLEMISH GABLE and opening like two-leafed glazed doors to a GABLET garden, veranda or terrace. RT APEX STONE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GABLE ENTRY PLAN BT CASEMENT WINDOW SN A plan of a building where the entrance is in the FRESCO gable wall. SN A two dimensional image using paint applied to CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS plasterwork whilst the plaster is still damp. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES GABLED ROOF BT WALL PAINTING SN The commonest type of roof with sloping sides FRET BAND meeting at a ridge and with a gable at each end. SN Decorative ornamentation of a key pattern CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT ROOF BT BAND (MOULDING) GABLET FRIEZE SN A small gable above a hipped roof. Also used SN The middle section, between the architrave and ornamentally, such as on a buttress or over a the cornice, of an entablature. niche. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ENTABLATURE BT GABLE NT METOPE GADROON PULVINATED FRIEZE TRIGLYPH SN A convex, finger-like moulding, usually applied in a series to form a pattern of ridges. FRIGIDARIUM CL DECORATIVE FEATURES UF Cold Bath BT MOULDING SN The cold room in a Roman baths. GALILEE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM SN A lobby or chapel at the western entrance of a RT CALDARIUM church. Sometimes a place of burial, an area PALAESTRA reserved for women, or a place where monks TEPIDARIUM could meet female relatives. CL AREAS AND SPACES Full Cruck BT CHAPEL USE CRUCK RT NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) FUMIGATORY Gallery (Chapel) SN A room within a building or complex, such as a USE GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) workhouse, used for purifying objects with smoke. Gallery (Church) CL AREAS AND SPACES USE GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) BT ROOM GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) FUNCTION ROOM UF Gallery (Chapel) SN A room set aside within a building where social Gallery (Church) and other functions such as parties, SN An upper story in a chapel, church or cathedral, presentations and meetings can be held. situated above the aisle and below the CL AREAS AND SPACES clerestory, often arcaded and sometime called a BT ROOM Tribune. CL BUILDING COMPONENT Fuse Box NT MUSICIANS GALLERY USE FUSEBOX ORGAN LOFT FUSEBOX GALLERY (SECULAR) UF Fuse Box SN A long room for recreation, often on an upper

36 floor. opening in a wall, fence, hedge or similar. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOM NT PORTCULLIS NT LONG GALLERY RT GATEWAY MUSICIANS GALLERY GATE PIER PICTURE GALLERY SN A pier which supports a gate. Gambrel Roof CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE MANSARD ROOF BT PIER GAME LARDER GATEWAY UF Venison Larder SN A form of entrance closed by a gate. SN A store for undressed meat, usually for keeping CL AREAS AND SPACES grouse, partridge, pheasant or rabbit in a cool BT ENTRANCE environment. RT GATE CL AREAS AND SPACES Giant Order BT LARDER USE COLOSSAL ORDER GAMESROOM GIBBS SURROUND UF Shovelboard Parlour SN A room in which board and table games are SN An architrave surrounding a door, window or usually played. niche interrupted by large blocks of stone, and CL AREAS AND SPACES often by a massive keystone set under a BT RECREATION ROOM pediment. Named after the architect James Gibbs NT BILLIARD ROOM (1682-1754). CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GARDEROBE (TOILET) BT ARCHITRAVE SN A latrine built into, or projecting beyond, the wall Gigantic Order of a medieval castle featuring a stone or wooden seat situated above a pit or the castle moat. USE TUSCAN ORDER CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN Alternative name for the Tuscan Order according to Vincenzo Scamozzi. Not to be confused with Garderobe (Wardrobe) COLOSSAL ORDER. USE WARDROBE GIRDING BEAM GARGOYLE SN A beam that is part of a frame in a wall. SN A projecting spout to throw water from a gutter CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT away from the wall, frequently decorated with BT BEAM grotesque figures to spew out evil away from the GLAZING BAR House of God. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A moulded bar or baton dividing the panes of BT ANIMAL FIGURE glass within a window light. HUMAN FIGURE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT LIGHT GARRET WINDOW SN An apartment contained, wholly or partially, Glory within the roof space of a house. CL AREAS AND SPACES USE AUREOLE BT ATTIC GOVERNOR GAS ENGINE SN A device which automatically controls a particular SN An internal combustion heat engine which uses funtion within a machine or mechanism, such as gas as its fuel, and acts as a prime mover or regulating the gap between millstones in a power source for driving other machinery. windmill. CL MACHINERY CL MACHINERY BT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE GRAFFITO GAS TURBINE SN An inscription on illustration applied to a wall by SN A heat engine prime mover in which hot gases or carving into its plaster to reveal a different colour hot air expand as they pass through and rotate beneath. vanes attached to a central shaft, enclosed in a CL DECORATIVE FEATURES chamber. GRASSHOPPER ENGINE CL MACHINERY UF Half Beam Engine BT TURBINE SN Also known as a half-beam engine, named for NT COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE the characteristic nodding action of the overhead COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE beam which is supposed to resemble the action GATE of the rear legs of the grasshopper. SN A movable barrier, usually external, within an CL MACHINERY

37 BT ENGINE sentries guard and protect the premises. GRATING CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A framework of crossed or parallel wooden or BT ROOM metal bars placed over an opening to prevent Gudgeon access but allow the passage of air, light, water USE JOURNAL etc. GUILLOCHE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A decorative ornamentation of interlaced bands in GREAT CHAMBER the form of a plait. SN An apartment for the use of people of high CL DECORATIVE FEATURES status, often the owner of the building. Also a BT BAND (MOULDING) room adjoining, or close to, a hall and used as a GULLY drawing room or venue for private functions. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A usually shallow cut linear feature often used BT ROOM for drainage. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GREAT HALL Gun Loop UF Long Room SN A large communal room often occupying the full USE GUN PORT height of the building, used for functions such as GUN PORT meetings, entertainments etc. Traditionally found in medieval buildings but also found in later UF Gun Loop buildings emulating medieval architecture. SN A strategically placed aperture in the wall of a CL AREAS AND SPACES fortification through which guns and cannon can fire upon an invading force. BT HALL (COMMUNAL) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GREEN MAN GUN ROOM SN A sculpture, drawing, or other representation of SN A room for storing guns. a face surrounded by or made from leaves and branches or vines. Green Men are frequently CL AREAS AND SPACES found on carvings in both secular and church BT STOREROOM buildings, and are though to represent pagan GUTTAE fertility deities. SN Small 'drops' or conic projections under the CL DECORATIVE FEATURES mutules (a repeating block motif) and triglyphs BT HUMAN FIGURE (rectangular blocks embellished with vertical GRILLE grooves) in a Doric entablature. SN An open grating of wrought iron, bronze, wood CL DECORATIVE FEATURES etc., forming a screen to a door, window or other GUTTER opening, or used as a divider. SN A trough or watercourse constructed to collect CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT rainwater from a roof and channel it towards a CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS drain or pipe. GRINDING ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room where usually materials or consumables NT ARRIS GUTTER are processed into tools or meal, for example in a PARAPET GUTTER workshop or mill. RT RAINWATER PIPE CL AREAS AND SPACES WATER SPOUT BT ROOM GYMNASIUM GROIN SN A room equipped with apparatus to facilitate physical exercise, gymnastics or indoor sports. SN The ridge formed at the intersection of two vaulted surfaces. CL AREAS AND SPACES RECREATION ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GROTESQUE H SHAPE PLAN SN A building plan that features a hall lying between, SN A classical ornamentation featuring foliage, fruits and, unlike Arabesque, human and animal figures, and at right-angles to, two projecting wings. sometimes fantastic or mythological in nature. The CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS term may have originated from the fact that many BT STRUCTURAL PLAN examples of such ornamentation were found in Hagioscope grottoes. USE SQUINT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT ANIMAL FIGURE HALF BAY HUMAN FIGURE SN A short bay, usually in a hall, commonly as a GUARD CHAMBER smoke bay or for a cross-entry. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS SN A room frequently in a military building where BT BAY

38 HALF BEAM HAMMERBEAM ROOF SN A beam which is half the width of a main beam, SN A roof consisting of trusses that have a pair of usually supporting joists. brackets supporting the hammer posts that in turn CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT support the rafters. BT BEAM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOF Half Beam Engine USE GRASSHOPPER ENGINE Handrail USE RAILING HALF HIPPED ROOF SN A roof whose ends are partly gabled and partly HANGING BUTTRESS sloped. SN A type of slender support carried on a corbel. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOF BT BUTTRESS HALL (COMMUNAL) HARNESS ROOM SN The principal room in early houses, which SN A room where fittings such as saddles and occupies the entire height of the building. harnesses for horses are usually kept. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM BT STOREROOM NT COLLEGE HALL RT TACK ROOM ENTRANCE HALL HATCHMENT GREAT HALL OPEN HALL SN A wooden panel, mounted on the wall of a church, bearing the Achievement of Arms of an Hall (Lobby) individual whose funeral has taken place there. USE LOBBY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS HALL AND CROSS WING PLAN SN A common plan form of large medieval and sub HAUNCH medieval houses, with a hall range flanked by SN A part of an arch between the apex and the two wings; also found with only one wing. springer. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUCTURAL PLAN HAYLOFT HALVED JOINT UF Balk SN A joint in which both timbers are reduced in SN A loft for the storage of hay. thickness. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT JOINT HEAD RACE HALVED LAP JOINT SN A channel, usually placed upstream of a mill, that SN A joint in which one timber is reduced in carries water from a river or other water source thickness. to a waterwheel. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT JOINT CL MACHINERY RT TAIL RACE HAMMER BEAM SN A short beam that projects into a roof space from HEARTH the foot of a principal rafter to receive a hammer SN The area directly in front of a fireplace or the post and, often, an arched brace. floor of a firecplace itself. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL IMPLIED FEATURE BT BEAM BT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT HAMMER BEAM TRUSS NT OPEN HEARTH SN A truss with transverse timbers, like a tie-beam RT HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN from which the middle section has been removed, supported on braces and carrying hammer-posts HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN and braces that carry the open structure of the SN A plan in which the chimney stack backs onto the roof. cross passage between a building's two CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT entrances. BT TRUSS CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT STRUCTURAL PLAN HAMMER POST RT HEARTH SN A vertical timber resting on a hammer beam and forming a triangle between it and a principal. HECK DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A door divided horizontally into two parts, BT POST independently hinged.

39 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Hollow Quoin BT DOOR USE CLAPPING QUOIN HEILMANN COMBER HOLLOW SPANDREL SN A machine for combing the fibres of cotton, worsted, flax etc to remove short fibres, clean SN A spandrel that is sunk below the surface of the out extraneous matter, and lay the fibres more or arch. less parallel to each other. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT SPANDREL BT COMBER Hood Mould HELM ROOF USE DRIPSTONE UF Rhenish Helm HOPPER SN A roof with four sloping sides, rising from four SN A funnel-like container from which grain or other gables, joining at the apex like a pyramid. material is fed to a grinding mechanism below. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOF HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINE HERRINGBONE STUDDING SN A steam engine in which the cylinder, crosshead SN Studding in which the studs are at an inclined and crankshaft lie in a horizontal line, as opposed angle to the posts. to vertical designs. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT STUD BT STEAM ENGINE HESLOP STEAM ENGINE HORSE ENGINE SN A rotative beam steam engine patented in 1790. SN A device or engine powered by one or more CL MACHINERY horses or donkeys walking around a circular BT ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE track and harnessed so as to turn a large HEXAGONAL PLAN toothed wheel, either in the same plane or above, SN A building or structure with a six-sided plan. which turned smaller wheels operating CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS machinery. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL MACHINERY HINDS HALL Horse Gin SN A dining hall for the use of seasonal labourers. USE HORSE WHIM CL AREAS AND SPACES HORSE WHIM BT DINING ROOM UF Horse Gin HINGE SN A timber, horse-powered device consisting of a SN A movable joint, usually consisting of two plates large, rotating drum around which a rope would joined by a pin, that fastens a door, gate, window be wound, hoisting material from a quarry pit, etc. to its frame and allows it to open and shut. mine shaft etc.. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT FASTENING HORSESHOE ARCH NT ANCHOR AND COLLAR HINGE SN An arch, either pointed or round, which broadens HIP RAFTER above the springing line, creating a horseshoe SN A rafter set at the corner of a hipped roof, to take shape. the upper end of a common rafter. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH BT RAFTER HOSPITAL BLOCK HIPPED ROOF SN An area of a building functioning as a hospital. SN A ridged roof that slopes on all four sides. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT HOT AIR ENGINE BT ROOF SN An engine which uses air or the products of HOLDEN COMBER combustion as its working medium. SN A wool combing machine for very fine wools. CL MACHINERY CL MACHINERY BT ENGINE BT COMBER Hot Bath HOLLOW CHAMFER USE CALDARIUM SN A chamfer that has been hollowed out to form a HUMAN FIGURE concave shape. This is also known as a SN A sculptural or decorative representation of a chamfret. human figure. Includes mythical and fantastical CL DECORATIVE FEATURES figures such as Cupid, Atlas etc. BT CHAMFER

40 CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL MACHINERY NT AMORINO BT COAL TIPPLER ATLANTIS HYPOCAUST CANEPHORA CARYATID SN An underfloor heating system. GARGOYLE CL BUILDING COMPONENT GREEN MAN HYPOCYCLOID STEAM ENGINE GROTESQUE SHEELA NA GIG SN A design of vertical steam engine patented in 1802. HURST CL MACHINERY UF Hursting Frame BT VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE SN The large wooden framework that supports the ICONOSTASIS grinding wheels in a corn mill. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN In Orthodox churches, the screen that divides off the sanctuary, usually decorated with sacred Hursting Frame images (icons). (Source: Pevsner Glossary) USE HURST CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT SCREEN HYDRAULIC BOX CRANE IMMERSION FONT SN A box crane which uses hydraulic power CL MACHINERY SN A structure, usually sunk into the ground, for the BT HYDRAULIC CRANE purpose of allowing total bodily immersion as part of a baptismal ceremony. HYDRAULIC CRANE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A crane using hydraulic power. BT FONT CL MACHINERY IMPERIAL STAIRCASE BT CRANE NT HYDRAULIC BOX CRANE SN A grand staircase where the lower flight splits HYDRAULIC PILLAR CRANE into two upper flights. CL BUILDING COMPONENT HYDRAULIC ENGINE BT STAIRCASE SN An engine, introduced in Germany 1748 for use in IMPLIED FEATURE mines, worked by high pressure water. CL MACHINERY SN Terms covering features of a monument or BT ENGINE building which imply the previous presence of a NT DISK ENGINE component or structure. Use for negative evidence of a component or structure. HYDRAULIC JIGGER CL IMPLIED FEATURE SN A hydraulic machine used to magnify the stroke NT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE of a hydraulic piston. The pulleys and chains of a BEAM SLOT crane or other device are attached to the jigger. EAVES DRIP GULLY CL MACHINERY POST HOLE HYDRAULIC PILLAR CRANE PUTLOG HOLE SN A hydraulic machine used to drive a pillar crane. IMPOST CL MACHINERY SN The band or block from which the springing of an BT HYDRAULIC CRANE arch occurs. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT HYDRAULIC PRESS BT ARCH SN A machine that uses liquid pressure to exert a NT IMPOST MOULDING large force on two platens so that items placed between them are pressed to a shape, IMPOST MOULDING compressed, or forced together. SN A decorative style on a block or band from which CL MACHINERY an arch springs. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES HYDRAULIC RAM BT MOULDING SN A device in which a large quantity of low CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT pressure water is made to pump a small BT IMPOST proportion of itself to a greater height than its source or to a higher pressure; achieved by INCINERATOR using the pressure rise resulting from suddenly SN A machine used to burn and desiccate rubbish. interrupting the flow CL MACHINERY CL MACHINERY INCLINED PLANE HYDRAULIC TIPPLER SN A slope, usually with rails, along which a vehicle SN An hydraulically powered machine that tips coal can be moved between two relatively flat into railway wagons, usually situated at a stretches of railway, or by which a boat can be pithead. transferred from one level of waterway to

41 another. CROSSING CL MACHINERY FERETORY NT CANAL INCLINED PLANE HAYLOFT RAILWAY INCLINED PLANE LOGGIA NAVE INDOOR SWIMMING POOL OFFERTORIUM SN An enclosed feature, usually sub-terranean, ORATORY constructed to contain water for public or private ORCHESTRA PIT recreation and sporting activities. Often a ORGAN BLOWING CHAMBER component of a larger SPORTS CENTRE. Use PASSAGE OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL for unenclosed PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) pools. PRESBYTERY CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS RETROCHOIR BT SWIMMING POOL RINGING CHAMBER CL BUILDING COMPONENT ROOM BT SWIMMING POOL SANCTUARY INFIRMARY SMOKE BAY SPA POOL UF Apothecarerium STOREY SN A room or group of rooms for healing the sick. SUPERVISORY HUB Where it is a monument use the Thesaurus of TRADING FLOOR Monument Types. TRANSEPT CL AREAS AND SPACES UNDERCROFT BT ROOM WALKING SPACE INGLENOOK WARMING ROOM SN An area within a large fireplace where it is INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE possible to sit. SN An engine or prime mover, in which a mixture of CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT air and fuel is ignited inside a closed cylinder, and BT FIREPLACE the resulting explosion drives a piston to the INNER BAILEY opposite end of the cylinder, its movement turning a crankshaft via suitable mechanical parts. SN An inner defensive area within a castle. CL MACHINERY CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ENGINE BT BAILEY NT DIESEL ENGINE Inscribed Panel GAS ENGINE OIL ENGINE USE DECORATED PANEL PETROL ENGINE Insulated Column INTERRUPTED TIEBEAM USE DETACHED COLUMN SN A tiebeam whose central section is omitted to INTERLACING ARCADE increase head room; its inner ends are held by a SN Romanesque overlapping arcades, producing a slip-braces or struts rising from a dropped series of pointed arches. tiebeam and can be used in end frames. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCADE BT TIEBEAM Intermediate Truss INTRADOS USE SECONDARY TRUSS SN The lower, or inner, curve of an arch CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT ARCH SN An area or space within a building. RT EXTRADOS CL AREAS AND SPACES INVERTED VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE NT AGIASTERIUM AMBITUS SN A type of steam engine in which the steam ANTECHAPEL cylinders are placed above the crankshaft ANTECHOIR supported on a robust frame. APOTHESIS CL MACHINERY ARENA BT STEAM ENGINE ATRIUM (SECULAR) IONIC BASE AUCTION ROOM BAPTISTERY SN A base embellished with horizontal reeds and CHANCEL other mouldings. CHEVET CL ORDER CHOIR BT IONIC ORDER CLOSET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CONFESSIONAL BT BASE CORRIDOR

42 IONIC CAPITAL which used a series of punched cards to control UF Beaked Ionic Capital the movement of the warp threads thereby SN A Capital with a rolled up cushion-like form on allowing complex patterns to be created without either side creating distinctive volutes. the intervention of the weaver CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT CAPITAL BT LOOM CL ORDER JAMB BT IONIC ORDER SN The vertical lining of a doorway, window or other NT ANGLE CAPITAL opening. ANGULAR CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT IONIC COLUMN RT DOOR POST SN A column of the Ionic Order, set upon a base and JENNY characterized by its slender form. SN An 18th century hand-operated machine capable CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT of spinning several yarns at once, invented in BT COLUMN circa 1767. CL ORDER CL MACHINERY BT IONIC ORDER BT SPINNING MACHINE IONIC ENTABLATURE JETTY SN An entablature consiting of an architrave, usually SN A projecting part of a building that overhangs the a frieze and cornice. wall below it. CL ORDER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT IONIC ORDER NT JETTY BRACKET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT JETTY BRESSUMER BT ENTABLATURE JETTY PLATE IONIC ORDER JETTY BRACKET SN A classical order with an Attic base and fluted SN The bracket under a jetty bressumer. column. The cornice has dentils and the capital CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT volutes. BT JETTY CL ORDER NT ASIATIC BASE JETTY BRESSUMER ATTIC BASE SN The sill beam of the jettied upper floor resting on IONIC BASE projecting ends of joists or on jetty brackets. IONIC CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT IONIC COLUMN BT JETTY IONIC ENTABLATURE JETTY PLATE IRON ORE CALCINER SN The wall plate of the lower storey on which the SN A kiln in which Iron ores were heated before joists of a jetty rest. smelting in order to drive off the impurities such CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT as sulphur. BT JETTY CL MACHINERY JIB CRANE ISOLATION WARD SN A crane consisting of a vertical tower or similar SN An area of a building or complex, such as a structure from which projects a movable boom, workhouse or hospital, for isolating new or jib, fitted with a mechanical hoist. residents before admission into main building, CL MACHINERY used to prevent spread of disease BT CRANE CL AREAS AND SPACES NT FAIRBAIRN JIB CRANE BT WARD JIB DOOR JACK FRAME SN An internal door flush with, and decorated to SN A machine for the final reduction in cross match, the wall it is set in for the purpose of sectional area of a cotton sliver into a fine roving concealment. preparatory to spinning high counts of yarn. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT DOOR JACK RAFTER Jigger SN A shortened common rafter that runs between USE WALL CRANE ridge and a valley rafter, or between eaves and a JOCKEY PULLEY hip rafter. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A pulley running on the outside of a belt to BT RAFTER improve the effectiveness of a drive. CL MACHINERY JACQUARD LOOM JOINT SN A loom developed by Joseph Jacquard in 1801

43 SN A junction whereby two members or elements of SN The end of a timber post made wider than the an artificial structure or mechanism are joined or rest of its length on one face to accomodate fitted together, whether rigidly or hinged. tiebeams, wall-plates etc.. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT FASTENING BT JOINT NT BARE FACED DOVETAIL JOINT JUSTICE ROOM BARE FACED TENON JOINT BIRDMOUTHED JOINT SN A room in the house of a Justice of the Peace in BRIDLED JOINT which cases were heard. Houses after 1848 DOVETAIL JOINT contained these for prestige purposes since the FACE HALVED JOINT practice of hearing cases at home was made HALVED JOINT illegal at that date. HALVED LAP JOINT CL AREAS AND SPACES JOIST JOINT BT MEETING ROOM JOWL KEEL MOULDING LAP JOINT MASONS MITRE SN A curved moulding with a sharp edge running MORTICE AND TENON JOINT along its centre. So named as its profile NOTCHED LAP JOINT resembles the keel of a ship. SADDLE JOINT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SCARF JOINT BT MOULDING SCRIBED JOINT KEEPING ROOM SCRIBED MITRE SN A room that serves as a combined living-room, SECRET BRIDLE JOINT kitchen and workshop. SLIP TENON JOINT CL AREAS AND SPACES SPLAYED AND TABLED SCARF JOINT BT ROOM SPLAYED SCARF JOINT STOP SPLAYED SCARF JOINT KERB THROUGH TENON JOINT SN A stone edging on a footway dividing it from a TRUE MITRE carriageway. JOINTED CRUCK CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A cruck truss whose blades are composed of KERB PRINCIPAL two pieces of timber joined near the wall head in SN A short principal rafter that that rises from a a variety of ways. tiebeam to a collar. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CRUCK BT PRINCIPAL RAFTER JOIST RT KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS SN Horizontal timbers laid parallel to each other on KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS which flooring is laid and to which a ceiling is SN A truss with two curved kerb-principals, which fixed. are the short principal rafters rising froma CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT tiebeam to a collar, placed either side of a crown NT COGGED JOIST strut. CROSS JOISTING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LODGED JOIST BT TRUSS JOIST JOINT RT KERB PRINCIPAL SN A joint used to secure the end of a joist KEY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A piece of wood of square or rectangular section JOINT BT driven through a scarf joint to tighten it JONVAL WATER TURBINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT FASTENING SN A parallel or axial-flow reaction water turbine invented in France in 1843, in which water KEY PATTERN descends through fixed curved guide vanes SN Classical decorative motif of interlocking right- which direct the flow sideways onto curved angled and vertical lines, usually applied as a vanes on the runner. continuous pattern. CL MACHINERY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT WATER TURBINE KEYSTONE JOURNAL SN The wedge-shaped block placed at the crown of UF Gudgeon an arch to consolidate the structure. Sometimes SN The area at the end of an axle or shaft around employed as a decorative feature. which a wheel, bearing etc. pivots or rotates. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH BRICK JOWL NT AGRAFE

44 KING MULLION BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A mullion which divides a window with four or LABEL more lights and is larger than the mullions either side of it, often sharing the dimensions of the SN A rectangular dripstone. frame?s members. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT DRIPSTONE BT MULLION RT LABEL STOP KING PENDANT LABEL STOP SN A vertical timber in a truss, descending from the SN A termination, either in the form of a decorative ridge, and projecting below the lower transverse feature or a right-angle applied to the end of the timber, normally used with scissor beams. moulding, of a label, dripstone or string course. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING King Pin RT DRIPSTONE USE WATERWHEEL SHAFT LABEL KING POST STRING COURSE SN An upright post set on a tiebeam or collar and LABORATORY used to support a ridge piece. SN A room, within a building or institution, equipped CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT for conducting scientific experiments or BT POST research. CL AREAS AND SPACES KING STRUT BT ROOM SN A vertical timber set on a collar or tie-beam extending to the apex of a pitched roof. LACED WINDOW CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN One of a set of windows placed vertically and BT STRUT linked either decoratively or by aprons extending to the lintel below. KITCHEN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room in which food is prepared. BT WINDOW CL AREAS AND SPACES BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM LADY CHAPEL RT SCULLERY SN A chapel dedicated to the Virgin, usually east of the chancel. KNEE BRACE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A very short brace between post and tiebeam, or BT CHAPEL post and wall plate. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LAMP BT BRACE SN A light, usually encased and mounted upon brackets, often used outdoors. It may be KNEE PRINCIPAL powered by gas, electricity or house a candle. SN A principal that has a short, angled section, CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS resembling a knee-joint, at one end. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LANCASHIRE LOOM BT PRINCIPAL SN A semi-automatic loom developed in Lancashire. Although it is self-acting, it has to be stopped to KNEELER recharge empty shuttles. SN A large approximately triangular stone at the foot CL MACHINERY of a gable, cut to have a horizontal bed and a top BT LOOM conforming, wholly or in part, to the slope of the gable. LANCET ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A pointed, two-centred, arch whose height is much greater than its span. KNIGHTS CHAMBER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A communal sleeping room in medieval houses BT POINTED ARCH for male servants. NT COMPOSITE ARCH CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM LANCET WINDOW SN A tall, narrow window with a pointed arched KNOTWORK head. SN Decorative ornamentation in the form of CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT interlacing ribbons or cords, usually in an intricate BT WINDOW pattern. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES LANDING SN The area or platform at the top of a staircase. L SHAPE PLAN CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A house plan with a hall and a single wing. RT STAIRCASE CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS

45 LANTERN between large pool and paddling pool, used SN A small structure, often polygonal or circular, on primarily for learners. top of a roof, dome, tower etc. featuring CL BUILDING COMPONENT apertures to light or ventilate the building it BT SWIMMING POOL adorns. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT SWIMMING POOL RT CROSSING TOWER LECTERN LAP DOVETAIL JOINT SN A stand, either fixed or free-standing, usually SN A joint in which the dovetailed member is proud of with a sloping surface from which a bible, book the receiving member and is not finished flush or notes can be read, found in a church or with it. lecture theatre. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT DOVETAIL JOINT LECTURE THEATRE LAP JOINT SN A large room with fixed seating, often including SN A joint in which one timber is applied to the audio-visual facilites, in which lectures are given. surface of the other. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT AUDITORIUM BT JOINT LESENE LARDER SN A pilaster without base or capital. SN A room in which food, usually meat, is kept. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT PILASTER BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM Lewcome NT GAME LARDER USE LUCAM LATERAL BUTTRESS LIBRARY SN A buttress attached to a corner of a structure, seeming to be a continuation of one of the walls. SN A place set apart to contain books for reading, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT study or reference. BT BUTTRESS CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM LATH RT READING ROOM SN The smallest piece of timber (2-5cms) across LIERNE used in building, employed on rafters to support the roof covering or in a partition as a base for SN A tertiary vault rib, usually employed for plaster or external render and wall covering. decorative purposes, that links one intersection CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT of the main ribs to another. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LAUNDRY ROOM BT RIB SN A room for washing and cleaning linen. RT VAULT CL AREAS AND SPACES LIFT BT ROOM RT UTILITY ROOM UF Elevator SN An apparatus, featuring an ascending and LAVATORIUM descending platform or compartment, for carrying SN A communal wash area, sometimes a dedicated people or objects from one level or floor to outbuilding, or facility, such as a basin or trough, another. This term can include the shaft or well in used by monks. which such an apparatus operates. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL MACHINERY LAVATORY SN A room with apparatus for washing the hands LIGHT and face, now often combined with a water SN A section of a window between mullions; thus closet. for example a three-light window. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WASHING ROOM RT GLAZING BAR WINDOW LAYER UF Site Layer LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR SN An archaeological unit of soil in a horizontal plane UF Lightning Rod which may seal features or be cut through by SN A metallic rod attached to a high point on a other features. building and leading to the earth for the purpose CL UNASSIGNED of conducting lightning away from the main body of the building. LEARNER POOL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN Swimming pool, usually part of a larger LIDO or SPORTS CENTRE complex. Medium size pool,

46 Lightning Rod LONG AND SHORT WORK USE LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR SN A Saxon quoin consisting of alternating LINTEL horizontally and vertically laid stones. SN A horizontal member spanning an opening and CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT providing support to the wall above the opening. BT QUOIN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LONG GALLERY NT DOOR LINTEL WINDOW LINTEL SN A long, high-ceilinged room, usually extending the full length of an Elizabethan or Jacobean house LISTER COMBER and often occupying an upper floor, used as a SN A machine for combing out wool, mohair and promenade, place of entertainment etc.. alpaca, removing short fibres and any CL AREAS AND SPACES extraneous matter, and laying the long fibres BT GALLERY (SECULAR) more or less parallel to each other. Long Room CL MACHINERY BT COMBER USE GREAT HALL LIVING ROOM LOOM UF Lounge (Private) SN A machine for weaving cloth. A traditional loom SN A room for general daily use, usually in a family comprises a framework with a horizontal back dwelling. roller, the warp beam or warp roller, around CL AREAS AND SPACES which closely spaced warp threads have been BT MEETING ROOM wound parallel to each other, stretched NT MORNING ROOM horizontally onto a front roller. SITTING ROOM CL MACHINERY NT DRAW LOOM LOBBY JACQUARD LOOM UF Foyer LANCASHIRE LOOM Hall (Lobby) NORTHROP LOOM Vestibule OSSET LOOM SN A small room communicating with one or more POWER LOOM apartments. WIPER LOOM CL AREAS AND SPACES LOOPHOLE BT ROOM UF Aleois LOBBY ENTRY PLAN Balistraria SN A plan in which the front entrance opens into a SN An opening in a wall that is usually narrow on the lobby opposite to an axial chimney stack. outside but widens internally to allow a defender CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS to stand and shoot through the loophole. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN LOUNGE (COMMUNAL) LOCHTORY SN A room where the public can sit, often in hotels SN A parlour in a monastery. and airports. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT PARLOUR BT MEETING ROOM Locum Lounge (Private) USE LUCAM USE LIVING ROOM LODGED JOIST LOUVRE SN A joist which rests on top of a beam. SN An opening in the ridge of a roof intended to CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT provide ventilation or an outlet for smoke; also the BT JOIST hood on such an opening that prevents rain entering. LOFT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN Space used for storage in the roof. NT LOUVRED OPENING CL AREAS AND SPACES LOUVRED OPENING BT ATTIC SN An opening normally in a door or window filled LOGGIA with diagonally set slats to provide ventilation. SN A roofed structure, open on one side, usually CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT attached to a building, providing a seating area BT LOUVRE and its occupants with an uninterrupted exterior LOWSIDE WINDOW view. CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A window that is lower than others in the CL AREAS AND SPACES chancel side wall. BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

47 BT WINDOW DASHWHEEL DRIVE LOZENGE ENGINE SN A decorative moulding in a diamond shape. ESCALATOR CL DECORATIVE FEATURES FAIRBAIRNS LEVER BT MOULDING FLOUR MILL LUCAM FLYING SHUTTLE FOURDRINIER MACHINE UF Lewcome GOVERNOR Locum HEAD RACE Luccam HORSE ENGINE Lucomb HORSE WHIM SN A projecting structure in the roof of a mill HYDRAULIC JIGGER containing a winch, allowing loads to be lifted HYDRAULIC PRESS clear of the building's wall and protecting the HYDRAULIC RAM winch from the weather. INCINERATOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT INCLINED PLANE LUCARNE IRON ORE CALCINER JACK FRAME SN A window in a spire, often in the form of a JOCKEY PULLEY dormer. LIFT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LOOM BT WINDOW MACHINE Luccam MAN ENGINE USE LUCAM MASTICATOR MECHANICAL STOKER Lucomb MILLING MACHINE USE LUCAM ORGAN OVEN LUMBER ROOM PLANING MACHINE SN A room in which disused items, such as furniture, PUMP are stored. RAILWAY LIFT CL AREAS AND SPACES RAILWAY SIGNAL BT STOREROOM RAILWAY TURNTABLE RIVER INTAKE GAUGE MACHICOLATION SACK HOIST SN An opening through which missiles or SATELLITE DISH combustible materials could be dropped upon SCOOP WHEEL attackers. Usually through the roof of an SCUTCHING MACHINE entrance way or in a projecting parapet. SHAPING MACHINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SHOE BT BATTLEMENT SIFTER MACHINE SLASHER SLOTTING MACHINE SN A single piece of apparatus that uses mechanical SLUBBING FRAME power for a particular function. SMUTTER CL MACHINERY SPEEDFRAME MACHINERY SPINNING MACHINE STAMPS SN Apparatus using mechanical power for a STEAM WHIM particular function. TAIL RACE CL MACHINERY THRESHING MACHINE NT ANGLE BOB THROWING MACHINE BACKWASHING MACHINE TILT HAMMER BALANCE BOB TREADMILL BALL MILL TURBINE BALL WINDING MACHINE WATER BALANCE ENGINE BOILER WATER FILTRATION UNIT BRINE TANK WATER PURIFICATION UNIT CHEESE PRESS WATERWHEEL CHUTE WEIGHING MACHINE CIDER PRESS WIND ENGINE COAL TIPPLER WINDING ENGINE COMBER CONVEYOR BELT MAN ENGINE COOLING TOWER SN A device for raising miners individually from a CRANE shaft consisting of two rods, raised and lowered CRUSHING CIRCLE

48 alternately, fitted with small platforms and SN An oval or circular decorative feature often powered by a waterwheel or steam engine. bearing an illustration or portrait in light relief. CL MACHINERY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES MANHATTAN ENGINE MEETING ROOM SN A twin cylinder compound steam engine SN A room intended, and often furnished introduced in the 1870's which combined a accordingly, as a venue for the holding of horizontal and vertical configuration in the same meetings. machine. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT ROOM BT COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE NT ASSEMBLY ROOM MANSARD ROOF AUDIENCE CHAMBER UF Gambrel Roof BOARDROOM SN A curb-roof with curved or steeply pitched lower COMMITTEE ROOM slopes and a hipped or pitched roof above. COMMON ROOM Named after the French Classical architect F. CONFERENCE ROOM Mansart. COUNCIL CHAMBER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT COURTROOM BT ROOF DAY ROOM DEBATING ROOM MANTELPIECE DRAWING ROOM UF Chimney Piece JUSTICE ROOM SN A decorative structure of wood stone or metal, LIVING ROOM incorporating a shelf, surrounding the opening of LOUNGE (COMMUNAL) a fireplace. PARLOUR CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS MENS POOL RT FIREPLACE SN A swimmin pool restricted to the use of men only. MASONS MARK CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A device, monogram or symbol incised in BT SWIMMING POOL stonework by a mason as a means of identifying CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS his work. Particularly common in Romanesque BT SWIMMING POOL and Gothic buildings. MERLON CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The solid, upright part of a battlement separating MASONS MITRE the openings, or crenelles. SN The non-diagonal joint at the right-angled meeting CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT of two stone mouldings. BT BATTLEMENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT METOPE BT JOINT SN A thin, rectangular panel, sometimes enriched MASTERS ROOM with sculptural relief, placed between the SN Room in a building or complex in which the master triglyphs in a Doric Order frieze. of an establishment, such as a workhouse or a CL ORDER school, is accommodated. BT DORIC ORDER CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOM BT FRIEZE MASTICATOR MEZZANINE SN A powerful machine comprising a pair of heated SN A storey of lesser height than those above and cylinders revolving inside a chamber, and used below it. for converting raw rubber into a soft plastic mass CL AREAS AND SPACES by being 'chewed' between knives or teeth BT STOREY projecting from the cylinders. MIHRAB CL MACHINERY SN A semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque used MEAL SPOUT to indicate the Qiblah - the direction to be faced SN A funnel, connected to an opening in the floor of during prayers. Qiblah is set as the direction of the tun encasing the grindstones in a corn mill, the Kaaba in Mecca. that carries ground meal away to a bin or sack. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT NICHE MECHANICAL STOKER Mill Shaft SN Machines for automatically feeding fuel onto the USE WATERWHEEL SHAFT fire of steam boilers and other furnace plant, MILLING MACHINE introduced at the beginning of the 19th century. CL MACHINERY SN A machine tool capable of creating a variety of forms and surfaces in materials by way of a MEDALLION

49 spinning cutter positioned over a movable table. CABLE MOULDING CL MACHINERY CASEMENT MILLSTONE CATS HEAD MOULDING SN A flat, circular stone, usually made of sandstone, CAVETTO used in pairs for grinding corn and other meal. CHAIN MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CHEVRON MOULDING COVE MINE HAULAGE STEAM ENGINE CYMA RECTA SN A steam engine working an underground cable CYMA REVERSA haulage system in a late 19th century coal mine. DADO RAIL CL MACHINERY DOGTOOTH MOULDING BT STEAM ENGINE DRIPSTONE ECHINUS MOULDING Minstrels Gallery EDGE ROLL MOULDING USE MUSICIANS GALLERY EMBATTLED MOULDING FILLET MISERICORD GADROON SN A projection from the bottom of a church stall IMPOST MOULDING designed to provide some support for a person KEEL MOULDING standing in long services. LABEL STOP CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS LOZENGE BT SEAT NAILHEAD MOULDING MODILLION NECK MOULDING NUTMEG MOULDING SN A small moulded bracket found on the Corinthian OVOLO and Composite orders, and in plain form in the ROLL MOULDING Ionic. SCALLOPED MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SCOTIA BT BRACKET SKIRTING BOARD NT ANGLE MODILLION STRING COURSE MORNING ROOM TENIA TORUS SN A sitting room or lounge in a house intended RT ARCHIVOLT mainly for use during the morning. CL AREAS AND SPACES MOVING CRANE BT LIVING ROOM SN A mobile crane. MORTICE AND TENON JOINT CL MACHINERY BT CRANE SN The most common form of joint between two NT MOVING QUAY CRANE timbers meeting at right angles or at an oblique angle, the mortice being a socket cut in one timber MOVING QUAY CRANE to receive the tenon projection of the other. SN A mobile crane usually found on a marine or CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT inland quay. BT JOINT CL MACHINERY MOSAIC BT QUAY CRANE MOVING CRANE SN A surface made up of small pieces of hard material such as stone or tile, often in a MULE decorative pattern. SN A machine for spinning cotton yarn. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY BT FLOOR BT SPINNING MACHINE MOULDING MULLION SN An ornamental contour given to the angles or SN A vertical member dividing a window into two or features of a building, whether a projection or a more lights. cavity, such as a cornice, an architrave or an CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT astragal. NT DIAMOND MULLION CL DECORATIVE FEATURES KING MULLION NT ANNULAR MOULDING RT MULLIONED WINDOW ASTRAGAL MUNTIN BAGNETTE TRANSOM BAND (MOULDING) BEAD MULLIONED WINDOW BEAK HEAD MOULDING SN A window divided into lights by mullions. BED MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BILLET MOULDING BT WINDOW BOLECTION MOULDING NT DIOCLETIAN WINDOW BRACKET MOULDING RT MULLION

50 sits. MUNTIN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An upright framing member, or mullion, that BT SPIRE separates two panels, such as in a panelled door NEST HOLE or a window. SN Niche intended for pigeons or other birds to nest CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT in, allowing the squabs and eggs to be RT MULLION harvested. Found inside specially built dovecotes MUSIC ROOM and in the walls of other buildings. SN A room in which music is performed. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT RECREATION ROOM RT DOVECOTE MUSICIANS GALLERY NEWCOMEN ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE UF Minstrels Gallery SN A single acting, non-rotative beam engine worked SN A loft, balcony or gallery, in a hall or church, for by atmospheric pressure. the use of musicians. CL MACHINERY CL AREAS AND SPACES BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE BT GALLERY (SECULAR) NEWEL POST CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN The post at the centre of a winding staircase BT GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) from which the steps radiate; or the post, MUTULE supporting the handrail and string, at the angle of SN A small slab in a Doric cornice. a square staircase. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT CORNICE BT STAIRCASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NAILHEAD MOULDING BT POST SN A decorative feature in the form of small RT NEWEL STAIRCASE pyramids in a continuous line. NEWEL STAIRCASE CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING SN A staircase where the vertical members are placed at the ends of flights to support the NARTHEX (CLASSICAL) strings, handrails, trimmers and bearers. SN A transverse vestibule at the west end of a CL BUILDING COMPONENT church. BT STAIRCASE CL BUILDING COMPONENT RT NEWEL POST NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) NICHE SN An antechurch which is transverse to the axis of SN A shallow, ornamental recess, often arched and the church and is covered or enclosed. semicircular in plan, set in a wall or pier and CL BUILDING COMPONENT usually containing a statue or ornament. BT ANTECHURCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT GALILEE NT ANGULAR NICHE CARREL (NICHE) NAVE CREDENCE SN The central division of a church, extending from EXEDRA the west end to the chancel or transepts. MIHRAB CL AREAS AND SPACES RT AEDICULE (FRAME) BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE APRON NECK NIGHT STAIR SN A plain area situated between the top of the shaft SN A staircase, usually leading from a dormitory, and the capital of a Renaissance Tuscan or Doric used by monks to enter the transept of a Order column. monastic church. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT STAIRCASE NECK MOULDING UF Necking NOBLE COMBER SN A moulding on the neck of a column. SN A machine for combing out wool, cleaning out CL DECORATIVE FEATURES extraneous matter and short fibres and laying the BT MOULDING combed long fibres more or less parallel to each other as required for Worsted spinning. Necking CL MACHINERY USE NECK MOULDING BT COMBER NEEDLE SPIRE NOGGING SN A steeply pitched spire whose base is SN A section of stone or brickwork employed in a significantly narrower than the tower on which it timber-framed building to fill the spaces between

51 uprights or studs. halved nutmeg. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT MOULDING NON CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE SN A steam engine from which the spent exhaust OCTAGONAL PLAN steam either passes out to the atmosphere and is SN A plan of a structure which has eight sides. lost, or in some cases is used as process steam CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS in a factory. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL MACHINERY OCULUS BT STEAM ENGINE SN A circular or oval window or panel. Also the NON DEAD CENTRE STEAM ENGINE circular opening at the top of a dome. SN A patented design of twin-cylinder, inverted CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT vertical steam engine, which can be started BT WINDOW irrespective of the position of the crank. Oeil De Boeuf CL MACHINERY BT STEAM ENGINE USE BULLSEYE WINDOW NOOK SHAFT OFFERTORIUM SN A colonnette set in a corner or angle, such as the SN The area where the act of Offertory, where meeting of two walls or the place at which a bread and wine are placed upon the altar, takes doorframe meets the wall it is set in. place. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT COLONNETTE BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NORTH LIGHT OFFICE SN A window usually spanning the full width of the UF Business Room north side of a roof allowing the maximum amount SN A room in which commercial or administrative of direct and indirect light to enter. activities are carried out. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT WINDOW BT ROOM RT NORTH LIGHT ROOF OGEE NORTH LIGHT ROOF UF Ressant SN A roof design, common to weaving sheds, SN A decorative form consisting of two upright S- featuring a sawtooth profile with unequal slopes shaped curves positioned opposite one another forming each ridge and lights on its northern with their concave sections placed at the top. side. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT CYMA RECTA BT ROOF OGEE ARCH RT NORTH LIGHT OGEE BRACE NORTHROP LOOM OGEE ARCH SN An automatic power loom invented by James H SN A pointed arch in which the arcs comprising it are Northrop in 1894. centred on points both outside and inside the CL MACHINERY arch so that the point takes the form of a double BT LOOM S, or ogee. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NOTCHED LAP JOINT BT POINTED ARCH SN A lap joint which has a notch cut in one side. RT OGEE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT OGEE BRACE BT JOINT NT SECRET NOTCHED LAP JOINT SN A brace which is cut to a double curve. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NOVICES ROOM BT BRACE SN A room in a monastery used by monks or nuns as RT OGEE a day room. Ogee Moulding CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM USE CYMA RECTA NURSERY OIL ENGINE SN A room equipped for the care of babies and SN An oil-fuelled internal combustion engine, young children. developed in the late 19th century, and usually CL AREAS AND SPACES made as a stationary, horizontal unit. BT ROOM CL MACHINERY BT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE NUTMEG MOULDING Open Air Swimming Pool SN A decorative moulding featuring a series of small, projecting, dome-like shapes each resembling a USE OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL

52 pipes controlled by stops, pedals and keyboards. OPEN HALL CL MACHINERY SN A hall, or main living-room in a medieval house, CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS open to the roof. RT ORGAN BLOWING CHAMBER CL AREAS AND SPACES ORGAN LOFT BT HALL (COMMUNAL) ORGAN BLOWING CHAMBER OPEN HEARTH SN A dedicated room for housing the organ feeder SN A hearth, normally placed clear of the walls, bellows, can be an underground chamber or a without a chimney stack or hood above. free-standing building. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT HEARTH BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE OPEN PEDIMENT ROOM CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A pediment with a gap at its apex, sometimes RT ORGAN filled with an urn or other decorative feature. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ORGAN LOFT BT PEDIMENT SN A gallery or platform within a place of worship RT BROKEN PEDIMENT housing the organ. OPEN PLAN CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) SN A building plan where space is unconstrained by RT ORGAN partitions. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS ORIEL WINDOW BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A bay window, supported by corbelling, cills or OPEN TRUSS brackets, projecting from an upper storey of a building. SN A truss which does not subdivide a space, as in CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the centre of a hall of two bays or in an undivided BT WINDOW building such as a barn. RT BAY WINDOW CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS ORTHOSTAT OPEN WELL STAIRCASE SN A large vertical stone forming part of a structure. If the structure is roofed, the orthostat will stretch SN A staircase, usually rising through more than one from the floor to the roof as a single slab. storey, with a space at its centre around which CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the stair is carried by strings and newels. CL BUILDING COMPONENT OSCILLATING STEAM ENGINE BT STAIRCASE SN A compact design of steam engine which ORATORY eliminates a connecting rod by having the piston rod directly attached to the crank. SN A small private chapel in either a house or CL MACHINERY church. BT STEAM ENGINE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE OSSET LOOM ORCHESTRA PIT SN A narrow hand loom. CL MACHINERY SN An area normally below a stage or dais occupied BT LOOM by an orchestra or musical group for performances and entertainment. OUBLIETTE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A hidden dungeon entered through a trap door BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE from the room above it. Also a similarly concealed ORDER pit into which prisoners would be cast. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A style of construction following an established BT DUNGEON set of criteria, based around the conventional use of a type of column. OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL CL ORDER UF Open Air Swimming Pool NT APPLIED ORDER SN A unenclosed feature, usually sub-terranean, COLOSSAL ORDER constructed to contain water for public or private COMPOSITE ORDER recreation and sporting activities. Sometimes part CORINTHIAN ORDER of a LIDO complex. Use INDOOR SWIMMING DORIC ORDER POOL for pools within a covering structure. IONIC ORDER CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS TUSCAN ORDER BT SWIMMING POOL ORGAN CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT SWIMMING POOL SN A musical instrument that produces sound through the passage of air through a number of OUTER BAILEY

53 SN A large defensive area that usually has to be CL AREAS AND SPACES crossed before entering the inner bailey of a BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE castle. PADSTONE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT BAILEY SN A stone block set into a wall to support a truss or beam. OUTSHOT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Outshut RT TEMPLATE SN An extension to a building, though sometimes Painted Panel contemporary with it, housed under a lean-to roof. USE DECORATED PANEL CL BUILDING COMPONENT PAINTING Outshut SN Fine art depiction in oil, watercolour or other USE OUTSHOT media on wood panels, canvas or paper CL DECORATIVE FEATURES OVEN PALAESTRA SN An enclosed structure of brick, stone or metal in which material is heated or burned, or, in a SN The exercise hall of a Roman baths complex. domestic context, food is cooked, through the CL AREAS AND SPACES continuous radiation of heat from its floor, walls BT RECREATION ROOM or ceiling. RT CALDARIUM CL MACHINERY FRIGIDARIUM CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS TEPIDARIUM OVERMANTEL Palladian Window SN An ornamental panel or decorative structure USE VENETIAN WINDOW situated above a mantelpiece PALLET CHAMBER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A room in which servants slept. OVERSHOT WHEEL CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A waterwheel turned by the weight of water BT ROOM discharged into buckets placed around its PALMETTE circumference from an outlet positioned above it. CL MACHINERY SN A decorative motif representing a palm leaf. Often BT WATERWHEEL painted, incised or applied in relief, can occur singly or as a repeating pattern. Overstorey CL DECORATIVE FEATURES USE CLERESTORY BT FLORAL FEATURE OVERTHROW PANEL SN A panel of often decorated wrought-ironwork SN A defined portion of a surface, often a wall lining forming the arch between two gate-piers or or door, usually rectangular, which may be standards or above a gate. Also used for an recessed, level with or proud of its surrounding arched support for a lamp-holder between two surface and may be framed by mouldings or standards. channels. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES NT DECORATED PANEL OVOLO PANELLED DOOR SN A Classical convex moulding, often decorated SN A door adorned with panels, usually arranged in with egg-and-dart or similar motifs. pairs. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT MOULDING BT DOOR PACKING PIECE PANELLING SN A timber set on the back of a cruck blade to carry SN A series of panels, usually of wood, combined to a purlin. line a room. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES NT COFFERING PAD WAINSCOT SN A short timber laid across the top of a masonry PANOPTICON PLAN wall to carry a wall plate or the foot of a common rafter. SN A circular plan with a series of cells around a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT central core, often used for prisons. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS PADDLING POOL BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN Man made shallow pool, usually made for children to play in rather than swim.

54 PANTRY CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Covey BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE Covie PASSAGE SN A room used for storing food. CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Passageway BT FOOD PREPARATION ROOM Transyte SN A narrow means of access, often internal. PARADISE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN An atrium or open court, surrounded by BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE porticoes, at the west end of a church. NT AISLE CL AREAS AND SPACES CROSS PASSAGE BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ENTERCLOSE SCREENS PASSAGE PARALLEL BRACE SERVICE PASSAGE SN A brace, parallel to another, in wall framing or TRIFORIUM arcading, or in trusses between post and WALKWAY tiebeam; also referred to as a duplicate brace. WALL PASSAGE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PASSAGE AISLE BT BRACE SN A narrow aisle that pierces an internal buttress. PARAPET CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A barrier, usually in the form of a small wall, set BT AISLE to prevent people falling over the side of a bridge, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT balcony, roof etc. BT AISLE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT BATTLEMENT Passageway PARAPET GUTTER USE PASSAGE RT BANQUETTE PASSING BRACE PARAPET GUTTER SN A long straight timber, halved across other roof SN A gutter running behind a parapet wall, the water timbers, especially running from a wall post or channelled by it being discharged from holes in aisle post across the tiebeam to the opposing the wall. rafter. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GUTTER BT BRACE PARAPET PASSING WINDBRACE PARCLOSE SN A windbrace that bypasses one purlin to be SN A screen that separates a tomb or a chapel from jointed into the next purlin or principal. the main body of a church. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BRACE BT SCREEN PATERA PARGETTING SN A flat oval or circular ornamental feature SN Ornamental plasterwork applied to the exterior of decorated in relief, often with flutes or floral a building, especially timber-framed houses of the motifs. sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL DECORATIVE FEATURES Paternoster BT DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK USE BEAD AND REEL PARLOUR PAVILION UF Winter Parlour SN Originally a reception room where visitors come SN A section of a building distinguished from the rest come to talk especially in a closed establishment either architecturally or as a separate structure such as a monastery or school. Later used to joined to the main building, often intended for refer to any room used for entertaining guests. entertainment, specialised functions or CL AREAS AND SPACES ornamental purposes. BT MEETING ROOM CL BUILDING COMPONENT NT LOCHTORY PAVILION PLAN PARTITION WALL SN A plan form in which pavilions lead off from a SN An interior wall, usually not load bearing, that spiral corridor. divides a space. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUCTURAL PLAN BT WALL PAVILION WARD BLOCK PARVIS SN A pavilion ward in a workhouse, used to SN A space usually in front of a church entrance but accommodate inmates can include the space surrounding a church. CL AREAS AND SPACES

55 CL AREAS AND SPACES Pearl And Olive BT EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE USE BEAD AND REEL PERISTALITH PEDESTAL SN A stone ring built to enclose and sometimes revet SN A base on which a statue, column etc. stands. a burial mound or cairn. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ACROTERION PERISTYLE DADO (PEDESTAL) SN A colonnade all around the exterior of a building PLINTH (PEDESTAL) or an interior space such as a courtyard. PEDIMENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A triangular gable usually above an entablature. BT COLONNADE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PETROL ENGINE NT AILERON SN An internal combustion engine which uses a BROKEN PEDIMENT mixture of air and petrol as fuel, the combustion OPEN PEDIMENT of which is by an electric spark. RT ACROTERION CL MACHINERY TYMPANUM BT INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PEG PEW SN A wooden nail, round or square in section, used SN A wooden bench with a back and ends, usually to fix a joint. fixed and found in churches. The bench ends are CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT often decorated. PENDANT CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A decorative piece descending vertically from the BT SEAT bottom of a newel on a staircase, or from the NT BENCH PEW junction of barge boards at the apex of a gable. BOX PEW CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT PEW PLATFORM PENDENTIVE PEW PLATFORM SN A spandrel which supports a dome and aids the SN A base on which pews or benches can be transition between the dome and its square or placed. octagonal base. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT BOX PEW BT SPANDREL PEW PENSTOCK PHOTOGRAPHIC DARKROOM SN A channel or pipeline that feeds water to a SN A darkened room or workshop used by waterwheel. photographers to process prints from glass CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT plates or photographic film. CL AREAS AND SPACES PENT ROOF BT ROOM SN A lean-to or monopitched roof, or a projecting PIANO NOBILE canopy over a door, window, or stair. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The principal storey of a building, containing the BT ROOF main reception rooms, when not situated on NT CATSLIDE ROOF ground level. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) BT PLAN COMPONENT SN An apartment or suite of rooms usually occupying PICTURE FRAME the top floor of a building. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A case or border, usually wood or metal, BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE enclosing a picture, painting or photograph. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES PENTHOUSE (SHELTER) PICTURE GALLERY SN A covered walkway attached to a building. SN A room within a house or building used to exhibit CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT artworks, often decorated and lit accordingly. CL AREAS AND SPACES Pentice BT GALLERY (SECULAR) USE COVERED WAY PIER PERGOLA SN A solid support of masonry to sustain vertical SN An open roofed structure on which climbing pressure and frequently each of the pillars from plants are grown in order to provide a shaded which an arch springs. walkway or seating area. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT NT GATE PIER

56 RT PILOTI CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS RT CREDENCE PIER BUTTRESS SN A detached external pier by which an arch or PIT WHEEL vault is prevented from spreading. SN The main gearwheel in a water mill, sharing the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT same shaft as the exterior waterwheel but BT BUTTRESS placed within the mill. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PIERCED WINDOW PITCHBACK WHEEL SN A window cut through a single slab of timber or stone. SN A waterwheel where the incoming supply of CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT water is introduced at the top of the wheel and BT WINDOW drops onto the paddles, or buckets, of the wheel which rotates in the reverse direction to that of PILASTER the incoming flow. SN A flattened rectangular version of a column of CL MACHINERY one of the classical orders. BT WATERWHEEL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PIVOT NT ANTA LESENE SN A piece of stone or timber with a small cup PILASTER STRIP shaped depression in its upper surface, set into PILASTRADE the ground to fasten a door, gate, window etc to allow it to open and shut. PILASTER STRIP CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A form of pilaster without base or capital. BT FASTENING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT PILASTER PLAN COMPONENT SN The element or elements that make up the PILASTRADE different parts of a structural plan. SN The equivalent of a colonnade but using pilasters. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT BAY BT PILASTER CORPS DE LOGIS PILE PIANO NOBILE WING SN A type of foundation in the form of a post sunk into the ground to support a building platform. PLANING MACHINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A machine tool for producing large flat surfaces PILLAR on metal objects. It comprises a large work table which slides backwards and forwards along a SN A vertical member standing without support. substantial guide bed, passing under a stationary CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT bridge containing a fixed tool. Pillow Capital CL MACHINERY USE CUSHION CAPITAL PLANKED DOOR PILOTI SN A door made up of vertical planks on the outer face and horizontal planks on the inner face. SN A pier used to raise a structure or building above CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ground floor level so that there is open space BT DOOR beneath the structure CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PLANS AND DIVISIONS RT PIER SN Plans of structures, particularly ground plans, PINNACLE and divisions or elements of structures that form part of these plans. SN Small ornamental pyramid or cone, often CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS decorated, crowning a spire, turret, buttress etc. NT PLAN COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES STRUCTURAL PLAN PIPE PLAQUE SN A hollow, cylindrical structure or tube made of SN A metal or stone plate or tablet, usually inscribed, clay, lead, steel, wood etc. through which gas, set into a wall, pedestal, floor etc., often serving oil, water or other liquids can be conveyed. as a memorial. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT RAINWATER PIPE PLATE PISCINA SN A general term given to all horizontal timbers laid SN A water-drain connected to a stone bowl within on walls or posts in order to support other a niche in the south wall of a chapel, used to timbers. receive the water in which the priest washed CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT his hands and rinsed the Chalice. NT ARCADE PLATE

57 COLLAR PLATE wooden grating with pointed bars along its CROWN PLATE bottom edge, with its sides set in vertical grooves SILL PLATE above a castle's gateway enabling it to be SOLE PLATE dropped to bar entry. WALL PLATE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT GATE PLAY ROOM SN A room for children to play in. PORTE COCHERE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A porch which is sufficiently large enough to BT RECREATION ROOM allow a vehicle beneath it. CL BUILDING COMPONENT PLINTH (PEDESTAL) BT PORCH SN The lowest part, usually projecting, of a pedestal RT CARRIAGE ENTRANCE or the base of a column. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PORTERS ROOM BT PEDESTAL SN Room within a building or complex used by a porter. PLINTH (WALL) CL AREAS AND SPACES SN The skirting or projecting base of a wall. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WALL PORTICO RT SKIRTING BOARD SN A porch with columns and pediments. CL BUILDING COMPONENT POINTED ARCH BT PORCH SN An arch produced by two curves, usually each with a radius equal to the span, which meet at a POST point. SN A substantial vertical member, usually a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT component of a main framework. BT ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT DROP ARCH NT CROWN POST LANCET ARCH DOOR POST OGEE ARCH HAMMER POST KING POST POLICE CELL NEWEL POST SN A room for temporary imprisonment and detention QUEEN POST at a Police Station. WALL POST CL AREAS AND SPACES POST AND RAFTER TRUSS BT ROOM SN A truss comprising principal rafters and wall- PONCELET WATER TURBINE posts secured by knee-braces or sling-braces, SN An inwards, radial flow reaction water turbine but lacking tiebeams. developed by Jean Victor Poncelet (1788-1867) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT in France in 1826. BT TRUSS CL MACHINERY BT WATER TURBINE Post And Truss Frame USE BOX FRAME PONCELET WATERWHEEL POST HOLE SN An undershot waterwheel, developed by General Jean Victor Poncelet (1788-1867) in France, SN A hole occupied by a timber post or the void which improved efficiency through the remaining after its removal, usually with packing. replacement of flat, wooden paddles with CL IMPLIED FEATURE curved, metal vanes. BT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE CL MACHINERY NT POST PIPE BT UNDERSHOT WHEEL POST PAD PORCH SN A pad on which a post rests to support part of a SN An interior or projecting shelter surrounding an structure. entrance to a building. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT POST PIPE NT PORTE COCHERE PORTICO SN The space occupied by or left where a post has been. PORTAL FRAME CL IMPLIED FEATURE SN A frame to a structure formed by precast BT POST HOLE concrete beams placed in pairs. POST ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room where letters and parcels are sorted PORTCULLIS prior to dispatch SN A large, movable barrier, usually an iron or CL AREAS AND SPACES

58 BT ROOM BT PRINCIPAL POWDERING ROOM PRISON CELL SN A small room off a bedroom, usually in eighteenth SN A room for detention and imprisonment within a century houses, in which a person would have prison. their wig powdered. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM BT ROOM PRIVATE ROOM POWER LOOM SN A room for personal rather than public use. SN A power driven cloth-weaving machine. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT RETIREMENT ROOM BT LOOM NT BOWER PRESBYTERY PRIVY SN A part of the chancel of a church where the altar SN A latrine. is situated. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT WASHING ROOM BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT REREDORTER Presence Chamber PRIVY CHAMBER USE AUDIENCE CHAMBER SN A private chamber usually in a Royal residence. CL AREAS AND SPACES PRIESTS DOOR BT ROOM SN A priest's private entrance into a church, usually found on the south side of the chancel. PROBATIONARY WARD CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A ward for receiving new paupers upon entry to BT DOOR a workhouse. They had to remain there until checked by medical officer. PRIESTS HOLE CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Dean Hole BT WARD SN A concealed passage or room for the purpose of hiding and protecting a (Roman Catholic) priest PROSCENIUM ARCH during times of religious persecution. SN An arch associated with the portion of the stage CL AREAS AND SPACES between the curtain and the orchestra. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH PRINCIPAL SN A structural member that supports a purlin. Use PROTHESIS PRINCIPAL RAFTER where the principal is also a SN A room in a church to receive the congregation's common rafter. offerings. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES NT DIMINISHED PRINCIPAL BT ROOM KNEE PRINCIPAL PROTOMA CAPITAL PRINCIPAL WITH CURVED FEET SN A capital with a half figure projecting from each PRINCIPAL RAFTER corner SN A structural member that supports a purlin and is CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT also a common rafter. BT CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PULPIT BT RAFTER NT ANGLE RAFTER SN A raised structure from which a priest can KERB PRINCIPAL preach. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS PRINCIPAL RAFTER ROOF PULPITUM SN A roof made up of common and principal rafters. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A stone screen, usually found in a monastic or BT ROOF collegiate church, that separates the choir from the nave. PRINCIPAL RAFTER TRUSS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A pair of principal rafters with a tiebeam, usually BT SCREEN with a collar. PULVINATED FRIEZE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS SN A frieze that has a convex section. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PRINCIPAL WITH CURVED FEET BT FRIEZE SN A principal with a curved lower end that PUMP continues down the wall for a short distance. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A power driven machine or device for raising a

59 liquid or forcing it along a pipe, or for SN A crane usually found at a marine or inland quay. compressing a gas. CL MACHINERY CL MACHINERY BT CRANE NT AIR PUMP NT FIXED QUAY CRANE CHAIN PUMP MOVING QUAY CRANE DUPLEX PUMP QUEEN POST STEAM PUMP WATER PUMP SN One of a pair of posts, placed symmetrically on a tie beam, supporting a collar purlin or plate. PURLIN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A horizontal timber set in the plane of a roof's BT POST slope and supporting common rafters. QUEEN POST TRUSS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT COLLAR PURLIN SN A truss with paired vertical posts set on the tie- TENONED PURLIN beam and supporting collar purlins or plates. THROUGH PURLIN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT TRUSS Put Log Hole QUEEN STRUT USE PUTLOG HOLE SN A strut which is part of a pair which support the PUTLOG HOLE collar and are supported by the tiebeam. UF Put Log Hole CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A hole in a wall in which cross timbers, known BT STRUT as putlogs, were placed to allow scaffolding to QUOIN be erected. Putlog holes are often left unfilled and are often the only evidence for the use of UF Angle Stone scaffolding. Coien CL IMPLIED FEATURE Coign Coin Quadrangle Plan Coyn USE COURTYARD PLAN SN A stone or brick used on a corner to reinforce it QUADRIPARTITE VAULT and also as decoration. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A vault where the bay is divided by diagonal and NT CLAPPING QUOIN transverse ribs into four cells or webs. LONG AND SHORT WORK CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT RIBBED VAULT RADIATING CHAPEL QUARRY SN One of a series of chapels which project symmetrically from an apse or ambulatory at the SN A small square or lozenge-shaped pane of glass east end of a church. as used in a leaded light. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CHAPEL RT WINDOW RAFTER QUARRY HOIST SN An inclined member used to support laths under a SN A piece of machinery for lifting stone, or roof covering. Normally one of a pair. containers loaded with stone, from a quarry. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY NT AUXILIARY RAFTER BT CRANE COMMON RAFTER QUARTER BAR COMPOUND RAFTER HIP RAFTER SN A diagonal brace running from an end of a cross JACK RAFTER tree to the vertical post to support this. PRINCIPAL RAFTER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT VALLEY RAFTER RT CROSS TREE VERGE RAFTER QUATREFOIL PLAN RAFTER BRACE SN A plan with four foils radiating out from a central SN A timber running obliquely across a series of point. common rafters. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUCTURAL PLAN BT BRACE QUATREFOIL WINDOW Rag And Chain Pump SN A window either in the shape of a four leaf USE CHAIN PUMP clover or circular with four foils enclosed. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RAIL BT WINDOW SN A horizontal member of a wall frame between QUAY CRANE posts or studs, also the horizontal member in panelling, a panelled door or a window.

60 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A prime mover which is rotated by the reaction from forcing a moving fluid to change direction. RAILING CL MACHINERY UF Handrail BT TURBINE SN A barrier consisting of a horizontal rail supported by uprights. READING ROOM CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A room set aside for the purpose of reading, such as in a library or a club. RAILWAY INCLINED PLANE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A slope, usually with rails, along which a vehicle BT RECREATION ROOM can be moved between two relatively flat STUDY stretches of railway. RT LIBRARY CL MACHINERY BT INCLINED PLANE REBATE SN A rectangular recess along the edge of a timber RAILWAY LIFT to receive a shutter, door or window. SN An elevator used to raise locomotives. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY REBUS RAILWAY SIGNAL SN A decorative feature, or non-heraldic badge, SN A signal usually mounted on a gantry, be it representing the name of a person connected mechanical or electronic, to provide guidance to with a building, often in the form of a graphic pun traindrivers on access to sections of track. on the name. CL MACHINERY CL DECORATIVE FEATURES RAILWAY TURNTABLE RECEIVING BLOCK SN A rotating circular platform operated by SN Series of rooms in a workhouse, prison or machinery to turn a steam locomotive around. hospital, often including porter's lodge, baths, CL MACHINERY clothes store, washrooms, casual cells, rooms RAINWATER HEAD etc, for receiving inmates/patients. Use term in Monument Type Thesaurus if it is a freestanding SN A small tank or cistern, often lead or cast-iron building. and sometimes ornamented, that collects CL BUILDING COMPONENT rainwater from a gutter or channel prior to it being discharged. RECEPTION ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room in a house, hotel, business premises etc. RAINWATER PIPE where guests or visitors are received. CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Downpipe BT ROOM SN An exterior, vertical pipe that carries rainwater from a roof's guttering, usually to a drain. RECREATION ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room intended for the pursuit of recreational BT PIPE activities. RT GUTTER CL AREAS AND SPACES RAISED CRUCK BT ROOM NT FITNESS SUITE SN A cruck which is set in solid masonry above floor GAMESROOM level but stretching a long way down the wall. GYMNASIUM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT MUSIC ROOM BT CRUCK PALAESTRA RAKING CORNICE PLAY ROOM READING ROOM SN A cornice along the sloping edge of a pediment or SAUNA gable. SMOKING ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT CORNICE RECTANGULAR PLAN RAKING STRUT SN A plan in which a four-sided figure has all its angles at right angles and its opposite sides equal SN One of a pair of straight or curved members set and parallel. at an angle on the tie-beam and framed into a CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS principal rafter, often supporting a purlin. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUT REFECTORY RAMPART UF Frater SN A dining hall, usually in a monastery or college. SN A protective earthern mound. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT DINING ROOM REACTION TURBINE RELIC CHAMBER

61 SN A room within a church or cathedral in which FITTINGS thesaurus. holy relics were kept. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES REVETMENT BT ROOM SN A thin masonry facing or cladding employed to RELIEVING ARCH conceal the surface or structure behind it. UF Discharging Arch CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An arch built into a wall above another arch or Rhenish Helm lintel to relieve it of some of the weight of the structure above. USE HELM ROOF CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RIB BT ARCH SN A moulding on a flat or vaulted ceiling, suggesting RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS a structure or forming a pattern derived from SN Components within a religious, ritual or funerary vaulting.. site directly connected to the sacred practices CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT involved at the site. NT ANGLE RIB CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS LIERNE NT ARK TIERCERON BIMAH TRANSVERSE RIB WALL RIB REREDORTER RIBBED VAULT SN A latrine, or privy, situated at the rear of a monastery dormitory. SN A vault with a ceiling or undersurface subdivided CL AREAS AND SPACES by ribs into bays or webs. BT PRIVY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT VAULT REREDOS NT FAN VAULT SN A decorated screen behind an altar. QUADRIPARTITE VAULT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SEXPARTITE VAULT BT SCREEN RIDGE PIECE RESPOND SN The horizontal timber running the length of a roof SN A half-pier, corbel or other architectural element, and positioned at its apex. usually situated at the end of an arcade, attached CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT to a wall to support an arch. BT ROOF CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RING CRYPT Ressant SN A semicircular crypt below the apse of a church. USE OGEE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT CRYPT RETABLE RING GROOVE SN A shelf that is behind an altar. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A gulley in the form of a circle for holding vertical posts in the walls of iron age round houses. RETIREMENT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room used for sleeping or resting in. Use more RINGING CHAMBER specific term. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A stage in a church tower where bell ringers BT ROOM stand. NT BEDROOM CL AREAS AND SPACES BOUDOIR BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE DORMITORY RT BELL TOWER PRIVATE ROOM RISER RETROCHOIR SN The vertical face of a step. UF Back Choir CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The space between the high altar and the east BT STEPS wall or chapel in a large church, and often the RT STAIRCASE area west of a Monks' choir. TREAD CL AREAS AND SPACES RIVER INTAKE GAUGE BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A gauge for measuring the volume of water REUSED VESSEL COMPONENT flowing from a river to machinery using the water SN Any structural component, usually of wood, for motive power?? which is believed to have derived from a vessel. CL MACHINERY Double index with the appropriate type of ROLL MOULDING structural component eg. BEAM or if known the original term from the MARITIME FIXTURES AND SN A plain moulding of semi-circular section.

62 CL DECORATIVE FEATURES ANCHORAGE BT MOULDING ANTEHALL ANTEROOM ROLLER MILL APARTMENT SN A flour milling machine which uses horizontal APODYTERIUM steel rollers and dressing machines – seives and ARTISTS STUDIO purifiers – to gradually reduce wheat grains into AUDITORIUM constituent parts or ‘streams’ which millers call a BALLROOM ‘gradual reduction’ process. BANKING HALL CL MACHINERY BAR ROOM BT FLOUR MILL BELFRY ROOD BEAM BLEEDING ROOM BOILER ROOM SN A beam often situated above, and spanning the BOX OFFICE width of, the west end of a chancel and BURSARY supporting a cross or crucifix. CABINET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CALDARIUM BT BEAM CAMERA (SUITE) ROOD LOFT CASEMATE CELL SN A loft or gallery supported on a covered, vaulted CHANGING ROOM structure and projecting over the rood screen CHINESE ROOM proper, occassionally used by minstrels or CLOAKROOM singers. CONFESSIO CL BUILDING COMPONENT CONTROL ROOM ROOD SCREEN CRYPT UF Chancel Screen DINING ROOM SN A timber screen, often richly decorated, placed in DRESSING ROOM front of a chancel to support a rood loft. DUNGEON CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FIRST AID ROOM FOOD PREPARATION ROOM BT SCREEN FRIGIDARIUM ROOF FUMIGATORY SN The exterior upper covering, and its supporting FUNCTION ROOM structure, of a building. GALLERY (SECULAR) CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GREAT CHAMBER NT BOWSTRING ROOF GRINDING ROOM COMMON RAFTER ROOF GUARD CHAMBER COUPLED ROOF HALL (COMMUNAL) EAVE INFIRMARY FLAT ROOF KEEPING ROOM GABLED ROOF KNIGHTS CHAMBER HALF HIPPED ROOF LABORATORY HAMMERBEAM ROOF LAUNDRY ROOM HELM ROOF LIBRARY HIPPED ROOF LOBBY MANSARD ROOF MASTERS ROOM NORTH LIGHT ROOF MEETING ROOM PENT ROOF NOVICES ROOM PRINCIPAL RAFTER ROOF NURSERY RIDGE PIECE OFFICE THATCHED ROOF ORGAN BLOWING CHAMBER WAGON ROOF PALLET CHAMBER PHOTOGRAPHIC DARKROOM Roof Boss POLICE CELL USE BOSS PORTERS ROOM POST ROOM ROOM POWDERING ROOM UF Camera (Generic) PRIESTS HOLE Chamber PRISON CELL SN An enclosed compartment within a building PRIVY CHAMBER intended for a purpose other than as a PROTHESIS thoroughfare. RECEPTION ROOM CL AREAS AND SPACES RECREATION ROOM BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RELIC CHAMBER NT ADYTUM RETIREMENT ROOM ALMONRY SACRISTY

63 SALON CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SCHOOLROOM SADDLE BAR SCULLERY SERVANTS HALL SN A horizontal iron bar set in a window opening to SERVANTS QUARTERS which a leaded light is fixed. SERVICE ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SOLAR RT CAME STAIRCASE HALL STANCHION STATE APARTMENT WINDOW STEWARDS ROOM SADDLE JOINT STOREROOM STUDY SN A thin timber, usually sloping on both sides, fixed TEPIDARIUM to the floor between the jambs of a doorway. THRONE ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UTILITY ROOM BT JOINT VESTRY RT THRESHOLD WAITING ROOM Saddle Stone WASHING ROOM USE APEX STONE WORK ROOM RT CHAMBER BLOCK SAIL ROSE WINDOW SN A device, usually wooden, or fabric on a timber frame, designed to catch, and be driven by, the SN A circular window containing tracery. wind in order to power a windmill. For maritime CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT uses see the Thesaurus of Maritime BT WINDOW Archaeology. ROSETTE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A circular stylised ornament, essentially a patera Sail Back with floral enrichment, associated with classical USE WHIP architecture and occurring on the soffits of coffers, and as the fleuron of the Corinthian Sales Counter abacus. USE COUNTER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT FLORAL FEATURE Salomonic Column SPIRAL COLUMN ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE USE SN An engine in which the oscillating motion of the SALON beam is translated via gearing to a rotative UF Salone motion. Saloon CL MACHINERY SN A large, high-ceilinged room, usually in a great BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE house or palace, serving as a principal reception NT HESLOP STEAM ENGINE room; also a room used by the public for a TANK BED ENGINE specific purpose; or a drawing room in a house. ROTATIVE STEAM ENGINE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM SN A steam engine which produces rotary motion. CL MACHINERY Salone BT STEAM ENGINE USE SALON SACK HOIST Saloon UF Bag Hoist USE SALON SN A mechanism, either automated or consisting of SALT PAN winches and pulleys, that raises sacks of grain on ropes or chains from one floor of a mill to SN A large shallow pan, usually metal, in which another, usually through one or a series of trap seawater or brine is evaporated for the doors. extraction of salt. The name is also often applied CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT to the exterior pits or ponds used for the same CL MACHINERY purpose (see Thesaurus of Monument Types). CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SACRISTY SANCTUARY UF Diaconicon SN A room in a church where vestments and sacred SN The part of the chancel, between the altar rail vessels are stored. and the eastern wall, containing the high altar. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SADDLE Sanctus Bell Cote SN A short timber set on top of two cruck blades. USE BELLCOTE

64 SASH WINDOW SCISSOR BRACES SN A window with a frame for holding the glass, SN One of a pair of crossing braces halved or capable of being raised and lowered in vertical lapped across each other, tying a pair of rafters grooves. together. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WINDOW BT BRACE SATELLITE DISH SCONCE SN A device for receiving and sending radio- SN A type of light fixture affixed to a wall in such a transmitted signals into the atmosphere. way that it uses only the wall for support, and CL MACHINERY the light is usually directed upwards. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SAUNA SN A room, usually lined with wood panels, that is SCOOP WHEEL heated to a hot and steamy temperature using a SN A wheel, usually steam driven, used for raising small stove and intended to be used for relaxation water by means of buckets attached to its and therapeutic purposes. circumference. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT RECREATION ROOM SCOTCH SAVERY ENGINE SN A housing, normally of triangular section, in a SN An elementary steam engine working on the post to take the end of a prop, to hold the post atmospheric principle; often used downstream of upright during construction. an overshot waterwheel. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY SCOTCH CRANK ENGINE BT STEAM ENGINE SN A compact design of engine in which a SAW TOOTH TRUSS connecting rod is dispensed with, giving a short SN A roof truss used for small spans with a saw- baseplate. tooth overall shape braced by vertical and CL MACHINERY diagonal members. BT ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SCOTIA BT TRUSS SN A deeply concaved moulding, with a projecting SCALLOPED CAPITAL lower edge, that sits at the base of a column SN A type of cushion capital with the lunette on each between two torus mouldings. face cut into a series of truncated cones to form CL DECORATIVE FEATURES a scallop shell-like decoration. BT MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SCREEN BT CUSHION CAPITAL SN A vertical partition used to separate one area SCALLOPED MOULDING from another. SN An ornamental moulding whose curved, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT segmented form resembles that of a scallop shell. NT ALTAR SCREEN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CHOIR SCREEN BT MOULDING ICONOSTASIS PARCLOSE SCARF JOINT PULPITUM SN A joint between two timbers meeting end to end. REREDOS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ROOD SCREEN BT JOINT SCREENS PASSAGE School Room SN A passage that runs axially across the end of a USE SCHOOLROOM hall with a screen between it and the hall and SCHOOLROOM doorways to service rooms on the other side. CL AREAS AND SPACES UF School Room BT PASSAGE SN A room within a school, private house or institution used for lessons. SCRIBED JOINT CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A joint in which the end of one timber is shaped BT ROOM to fit around the moulding on another. NT CLASSROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SCISSOR BRACED TRUSS BT JOINT SN A truss with braces crossing and fixed to each SCRIBED MITRE other, thus tying a pair of rafters together. SN The junction of two timbers at right angles, with CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT chamfers or mouldings meeting on a diagonal line, BT TRUSS where one timber is cut to fit around the chamfer or moulding of the other timber.

65 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT chancel BT JOINT CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT SEAT SCULLERY UF Ewery SEGMENTAL ARCH SN A room, or part of a kitchen, for the cleaning and SN An arch made up of part of a circle, the centre of storage of kitchen utensils. which is below its springing line. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ROOM BT ARCH RT KITCHEN Serliana SCULPTURE USE VENETIAN WINDOW SN A figurative or abstract design in the round or in SERVANTS HALL relief and can be of various materials. For freestanding sculptures see also Monument SN A room for servants, particularly where they Types Thesaurus. would eat. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL AREAS AND SPACES NT CALVARY BT ROOM SCUTCHING MACHINE SERVANTS QUARTERS SN A machine for cleansing flax, hemp or cotton and SN The part of a house frequented by servants forming the fibres into a continuous wide lap or when not performing their duties. sheet in preparation for carding. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT ROOM SEA POOL SERVICE BLOCK SN Man made structure to contain tidal waters, often SN An area of a building or complex specifically part of a LIDO, bathing or swimming complex at housing the kitchens, sculleries and services. the sea edge. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT SERVICE PASSAGE BT SWIMMING POOL CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A passage providing access to utility services or a larger tunnel for the purposes of monitoring and BT SWIMMING POOL maintenance. May also provide be used as an SEAT evacuation route. SN A fixed object to sit upon. Use narrower terms CL AREAS AND SPACES where known. BT PASSAGE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SERVICE ROOM NT MISERICORD SN A room usually set aside for the provision of PEW SEDILIA materials used in a household. STALL CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM SECONDARY RAFTER SERVICE STAIRCASE SN The inner rafter of a compound rafter. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A staircase normally used by servants and BT COMPOUND RAFTER tradesmen. CL BUILDING COMPONENT SECONDARY TRUSS BT STAIRCASE UF Intermediate Truss SERVICE WING SN A truss of slighter construction between principal trusses in an elaborate roof. SN A wing of a house used specifically for the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT storage of household materials and victuals. BT TRUSS CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT WING SECRET BRIDLE JOINT SETBACK BUTTRESS SN A bridle joint which is invisible from all sides of the timber. SN A buttress that is set slightly away from a corner. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Usually one of a pair. BT JOINT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BUTTRESS SECRET NOTCHED LAP JOINT SEXFOIL PLAN SN A joint with a notch cut into its invisible inner face. SN A decorative pattern, as used in tracery or a CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Gothic arch, featuring six lobes, or foils, BT NOTCHED LAP JOINT separated by cusps. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS SEDILIA BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN Set of three seats for the clergy found in the

66 SEXPARTITE VAULT Shovelboard Parlour SN A vault whose bay is divided by diagonal and USE GAMESROOM transverse ribs into six compartments or cells. SHRINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT RIBBED VAULT SN A fereter or repository for relics or any building containing such a repository, or any place or SHAFT structure where worship is offered or devotions SN The part of a column between the capital and the are paid to a saint or deity. base. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT AEDICULE (SHRINE) NT SHAFT RING SHUTTER SHAFT RING SN A hinged, sliding or rolling door placed over a SN A moulded ring around a shaft. window's exterior or interior. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT SHAFT SIDE LEVER ENGINE SHAPING MACHINE SN A design of beam steam engine introduced circa SN A machine tool for producing flat surfaces and 1800 in which, instead of a single overhead slots on small work pieces by cutting away rocking beam, there are two beams positioned surplus material. alongside the cylinder, one either side, giving a CL MACHINERY lower overall height. RT SLOTTING MACHINE CL MACHINERY BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE SHEELA NA GIG SIDE WALL FIREPLACE PLAN UF Sheila Na Gig SN A carved stone female figure often found on SN A building plan in which the principal fireplace is castles and churches. positioned on the side wall. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT HUMAN FIGURE BT STRUCTURAL PLAN Sheep Creep SIFTER USE CREEP UF Bolter Dresser Sheila Na Gig SN A mechanical device, used in a corn mill, that USE SHEELA NA GIG sieves and grades flour or meal and separates SHELF oversized particles. CL MACHINERY SN A flat, horizontal piece of timber or masonry NT WIRE MACHINE projecting from or recessed into a wall to hold objects. SIGN CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A panel, board or device bearing an inscription, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT symbol or image, usually describing a function, SHELL HOOD name, location, instruction, or otherwise distinguishing the object or structure on which it SN A shell-shaped moulded hood over an exterior is placed. opening, such as a doorway. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT DRIPSTONE SILL SHINGLE UF Cill SN The horizontal piece of timber or stone forming SN A thin wooden slab or tile used in quantity as a the bottom of a window, doorway or other roof or wall covering. opening, usually and properly designed to throw CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT off water. SHOE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An inclined wooden trough which channels grain SILL BEAM evenly from the feed hopper into the eye of the SN A horizontal timber positioned at the bottom of a stones in a corn mill. framed wall into which posts and studs are CL MACHINERY tenoned. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SHOULDERED ARCH SILL PLATE SN A flat arch or lintel with quadrants on the corbels SN A horizontal timber usually at the bottom of a rising from the jambs. timber framed wall into which posts and studs CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT are tenoned. BT ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT PLATE

67 SIMS COMPOUND ENGINE SN A joint with a loose tenon morticed into two SN A form of tandem compounding of early beam touching pieces of timber engines, with a high pressure steam cylinder CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT mounted on top of a low pressure one, BT JOINT introduced in Cornwall the 1840s by James Sims. SLOTTING MACHINE CL MACHINERY BT BEAM STEAM ENGINE SN A machine tool similar in general appearance to a shaping machine but in which the head or ram SINGLE CELL PLAN carrying the cutting tool moves in a vertical plane. SN A simple, one-roomed structural plan. CL MACHINERY CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS RT SHAPING MACHINE BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SLUBBING FRAME Site Layer SN A machine for further attenuating a sliver of USE LAYER cotton after it has been through a draw frame. CL MACHINERY SITTING ROOM SN Originally a room in a house where a family SLUICE would gather, usually in the evening, to sit and SN A gate or valve that controls the flow of water read, write, sew, play music etc. This term has from a reservoir, harbour, etc.. become commonly used as an alternative to living CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT room. Slype CL AREAS AND SPACES BT LIVING ROOM USE COVERED WAY NT SUN LOUNGE SMOKE BAY SKEW ARCH SN A bay in a two storeyed house open to the roof SN An arch with jambs that do not stand at an angle to allow smoke to escape. of ninety degrees to its face. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT ARCH CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT BAY SKIRTING BOARD SMOKE HOOD SN A narrow timber board or moulding lining the base of an interior wall as a finish between it and and SN A framed fireplace hood built on a bressumer and the floor. extending from one outer wall to the other or to a CL DECORATIVE FEATURES spere. BT MOULDING CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SMOKING ROOM RT PLINTH (WALL) SN A room set aside within a club, hotel, large SKYLIGHT residence etc. for the benefit of guests or SN A glazed opening in a roof or ceiling. individuals who wish to smoke. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT RECREATION ROOM SLASHER SMUTTER SN A machine for applying protective size to yarn intended for warp SN A cleansing or separating machine used in a corn CL MACHINERY mill for removing smut from grain before it is ground. SLATE HANGING CL MACHINERY SN A wall cladding consisting of slates hung in SOFFIT overlapping rows. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN The under surface of an arch, lintel or projecting BT CLADDING architectural feature. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SLEEPER WALL SOLAR SN A wall, usually perforated to allow free passage of air, supporting the ground-floor joists of a SN A first-floor chamber, often serving as a parlour, building. bedchamber or private room, in a medieval house. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Also a loft, rood-loft or garret. CL AREAS AND SPACES SLING BRACE BT ROOM SN A brace, running from a post to a principal, RT CHAMBER BLOCK stiffening an interrupted tiebeam. SOLE PIECE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT BRACE SN A horizontal member supporting the posts in a timber framed structure. SLIP TENON JOINT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

68 MULE SOLE PLATE WATER FRAME SN A short timber set across the top of a wall to take the foot of a rafter and an ashlar piece. SPIRAL COLUMN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF Salomonic Column BT PLATE Twisted Column SN A column whose shaft is scuplted to give it a SOULACE contorted or twisted appearance, sometimes SN A straight brace from rafter to collar in a common referred to as a barley-sugar column. rafter truss. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT COLUMN SPA POOL SPIRAL FLUTING SN Manmade structure that contains water that is SN A decorative feature, usually Norman, in which heated to a high temperature and sometimes has fluting takes a spiral rather than vertical form. bubbling air jets. Meant to be used for CL DECORATIVE FEATURES therapeudic purposes. SPIRAL STAIRCASE CL AREAS AND SPACES BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A staircase, circular in plan, that winds around a central newel. SPANDREL CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN The quasi-triangular area between, and defined BT STAIRCASE by, the upper sections of a pair of adjacent arches, or between the curve of an arch and the SPIRE angle of a surrounding frame or structure. SN A tall, circular, polygonal or square structure CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT rising from a roof, tower, turret etc., tapering to a NT HOLLOW SPANDREL slender point. PENDENTIVE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT BROACH SPIRE SPANDREL STRUT FLECHE SN A short timber set diagonally in the spandrel of an NEEDLE SPIRE arch brace, between the brace and the corner of SPIRELET the main frame. SPIRELET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT A STRUT SN A small form of spire. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SPEEDFRAME BT SPIRE SN A general name given to a series of machines which successively reduce the diameter of SPLAYED AND TABLED SCARF JOINT rovings before the final spinning into yarn. SN A joint which has a splay interrupted by a step CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT JOINT SPERE SN A screen, with a wide central opening, or multiple SPLAYED ARCH narrower openings, spanning the lower end of a SN An arch which has a larger radius on the front medieval hall, screening the cross entry and face of a wall than on the back. defining the screen, or cross, passage. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH SPERE TRUSS SPLAYED SCARF JOINT SN The structure across the lower end of a medieval SN A joint with each timber ending in a cut slanted hall containing the spere, its supporting posts and across its length. tie-beam. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT JOINT BT TRUSS SPLIT BALUSTER SPIDER UF Engaged Baluster SN A four-armed metal coupling, positioned at the SN A half or whole baluster applied to a wall or centre of a windmill's sails, connected to the pedestal, thus described as engaged. front of the striking rod and the shutter bars of all CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the sails, causing the shutters to open and close. BT BALUSTER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SPRINGER SPINNING MACHINE UF Tas De Charge SN A machine used for drawing out and twisting SN The point or block from which an arch or vault together short fibres to make a yarn or thread. starts. The block generally has a horizontal base Use more specific term where known. and sloped top. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT JENNY

69 SPROCKET STAIRCASE SN A triangular or wedge-shaped timber cocking- UF Stairway piece attached to the upper face of a rafter near SN A flight of steps leading from one level to another. its foot in order to reduce the slope above the CL BUILDING COMPONENT eaves. Such eaves are referred to as being NT BACK STAIRCASE sprocketed. DOGLEG STAIRCASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ESCALATOR EXTERNAL STAIRCASE SPUR IMPERIAL STAIRCASE SN A short timber connecting a cruck blade to a wall NEWEL POST above the point at which the blade diverges from NEWEL STAIRCASE it. NIGHT STAIR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT OPEN WELL STAIRCASE SPUR WHEEL SERVICE STAIRCASE SPIRAL STAIRCASE SN A large gearwheel which, together with a smaller WINDER STAIRCASE gear called a pinion, connects two parrallel RT LANDING shafts and, in a corn mill, drives the stone nuts. RISER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STAIRCASE HALL SQUINCH SN A room which contains, wholly or partly, a SN One or more arches built across an angle staircase. between two walls to support a polygonal or CL AREAS AND SPACES circular structure. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH Stairway SQUINT USE STAIRCASE UF Hagioscope STAKE HOLE SN An aperture cut obliquely in a wall, usually of a SN A small hole filled or vacated by a stake, normally chancel, affording a view between the high altar driven into the ground. and the aisles or side chapels. CL IMPLIED FEATURE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE STADDLE STONE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A short, tapered, vertical stone supporting a STALL rough stone disc so resembling a toadstool, often SN A fixed seat, often enclosed, usually found within forming one of several uprights on which a timber an ecclesiastical building and frequently arranged structure, such as a granary rests, protecting in series to accommodate a congregation, choir the building from damp and vermin. or clergy. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS STAGE BT SEAT SN A raised platform, especially in a theatre or STAMPS auditorium, for the use of performers or speakers SN A series of water or engine-driven crushing etc. machines used in ore dressing. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STANCHION STAINED GLASS SN A vertical iron bar fixed within a window opening SN Glass that has been coloured by fusing glass to support a leaded light. with a metallic oxide film or by burning pigment CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT into the surface. RT CAME CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SADDLE BAR STAIR TOWER WINDOW SN A tower, normally forming part of a larger STATE APARTMENT structure, housing a staircase. SN A room or group of rooms usually reserved for CL BUILDING COMPONENT use by the monarchy or government. BT TOWER CL AREAS AND SPACES STAIR TURRET BT ROOM SN A small or subordinate tower, normally forming STATIONARY STEAM ENGINE part of a larger structure, housing a spiral or SN A steam engine working at a fixed location. winding stair. CL MACHINERY CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT STEAM ENGINE BT TURRET STEAM CRANE SN A crane deriving its power from steam generated

70 from solid fuels. sizes. CL MACHINERY CL MACHINERY BT CRANE BT STEAM ENGINE STEPS STEAM ENGINE SN A series of flat-topped structures, usually SN A power source deriving its energy from solid wooden or stone, on which a person places their fuel, which is used to boil water in an almost feet when ascending or descending, facilitating closed vessel, producing steam which moves movement from one level to another. one or more pistons in tight fitting cylinders, the CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT energy being transmitted by a piston rod to a NT RISER diversity of devices TREAD CL MACHINERY BT ENGINE Stewards Parlour NT A FRAME STEAM ENGINE USE STEWARDS ROOM ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE BEAM STEAM ENGINE STEWARDS ROOM BULL ENGINE UF Stewards Parlour CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE SN A room for higher-ranking servants. CONTRA FLOW STEAM ENGINE CL AREAS AND SPACES HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINE BT ROOM INVERTED VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE STIFF LEAF CAPITAL MINE HAULAGE STEAM ENGINE NON CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE SN A capital featuring stylised, often projecting, NON DEAD CENTRE STEAM ENGINE three-lobed leaves. OSCILLATING STEAM ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ROTATIVE STEAM ENGINE BT CAPITAL SAVERY ENGINE STILTED ARCH STATIONARY STEAM ENGINE STEEPLE ENGINE SN An arch where vertical piers raise the springing TABLE ENGINE line. TANDEM COMPOUND CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TRACTION STEAM ENGINE BT ARCH TRIPLE EXPANSION ENGINE STOKEHOLE TRUNK STEAM ENGINE UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINE SN The hole through which the fuel for a fire is put to VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE start and maintain the fire. WATER RETURNING ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STEAM PUMP STONE CARVING SN A pump driven by steam power generated by SN An inscription or illustration carved into the solid fuels. surface of a stone wall or other architectural CL MACHINERY element. BT PUMP CL DECORATIVE FEATURES STEAM TURBINE STONE MILL SN A steam motor in which rotory motion is produced SN A flour milling machine which uses one or more by steam impinging directly upon a series of pairs of horizontal millstones to grind wheat into vanes upon the circumference of a revolving flour which millers call a ‘sudden death’ process; cylinder or disc. within not more than 90 seconds complete wheat CL MACHINERY grain becomes wholemeal flour. BT TURBINE CL MACHINERY NT COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE BT FLOUR MILL STEAM WHIM STONE NUT SN A steam-powered machine used for raising SN Pinion which engages with the spur wheel and materials such as ore or water from a pit or drives the millstones in a corn mill. shaft. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY STONEWORK STEEPLE SN A structure, part of a structure or area consisting SN A collective term embracing a church tower's of plain masonry. entire structure, including its spire. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT STOP NT CROWN STEEPLE SN A projecting, sometimes decorated, finish to a STEEPLE ENGINE moulding, chamfer, label, hood-mould or string- SN A compact, free standing steam engine course. introduced circa 1810 and built mainly in small CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

71 STOP SPLAYED SCARF JOINT leather straps. Popular in the late 16th and early SN A joint which has a splay with a short 17th centuries. perpendicular section at each end. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STRIKING GEAR BT JOINT SN A mechanism within a windmill, attached to the STOPPED CHAMFER striking rod, allowing the opening and closing of the shutters or vanes of patent sails. SN A chamfer which does not extend the whole CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT length of the surface it is ornamenting. The stop RT STRIKING ROD is the end of the feature and can be simple or ornamented. STRIKING ROD CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN An iron bar or rod running through the core of a BT CHAMFER windmill's windshaft that causes the opening and STOREROOM shutting of the vanes on patent sails. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A room set aside for the storage of goods or RT STRIKING GEAR valuables. Use more specific term where known. CL AREAS AND SPACES STRING BT ROOM SN A sloping timber in a staircase holding the ends of NT APOTHECA treads and risers. ARMOURY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CELLAR CLOTHING STORE STRING COURSE GUN ROOM SN A horizontal, moulded band, usually projecting, HARNESS ROOM running across a wall, often indicating the LUMBER ROOM position of a building's interior floor. TACK ROOM CL DECORATIVE FEATURES WARDROBE BT MOULDING STOREY RT LABEL STOP SN One of a building's horizontal divisions, being the STRUCTURAL COMPONENT space between two floors, or a floor and the SN A part of a building or structure that is an element roof structure. of the construction. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT ABUTMENT NT ATTIC AEDICULE (FRAME) BASEMENT AISLE MEZZANINE ALCOVE STOUP ANCONE (CONSTRUCTION) ANCONE (STRUCTURAL) SN A fixed basin, containing Holy Water, positioned ANGLE BAR near the entrance of a church, usually placed ANGLE STAFF within a niche, on a wall or pier, or freestanding APEX STONE upon a pedestal. APRON CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS APSE STRAINER ARCH ARCADE ARCH SN An arch whose purpose is to arrest or prevent ARCHWAY structural movement in a building. ARRIS FILLET CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ASHLARING BT ARCH BALDACCHINO STRAINER BEAM BALUSTRADE SN A transverse timber in aisled construction, joining BAND (STRUCTURAL) aisle posts below tiebeam level, to allow rearing BARGE BOARD of pairs of posts. BASE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BATTEN BT BEAM BEAM BED NOOK STRAP BEETLE SN An iron plate connecting two or more timbers BELL FRAME together. BELLCOTE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BLOCK BLOCKING COURSE STRAPWORK BOLSTER SN A decorative feature of wood, plaster or carved BOSS masonry, often used in low relief on ceilings, BOX FRAME panels or screens and resembling interlacing BRACKET

72 BRAKE WHEEL LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR BRICKWORK LINTEL BRIDGE TREE LOOPHOLE BUTTRESS LOUVRE CAME LUCAM CAP MASONS MARK CAPITAL MEAL SPOUT CAPSTONE MILLSTONE CEILING MULLION CENTERING MUNTIN CHIMNEY NECK CLADDING NICHE CLERESTORY NOGGING COLLAR ORTHOSTAT COLONNADE OVERTHROW COLUMN PACKING PIECE COMPOUND PIER PAD COPING PADSTONE CORBEL PANEL CORBEL TABLE PARAPET CROSS TREE PEDESTAL CROWN TREE PEDIMENT CROWN WHEEL PEG CUPBOARD PENDANT CUTWATER PENSTOCK DAIS PENTHOUSE (SHELTER) DAIS CANOPY PERISTALITH DOME PIER DOOR PILASTER DOORCASE PILE DORMER PILLAR DRAW BAR PILOTI ENTABLATURE PIPE FACADE PIT WHEEL FAN CARRIAGE PLAQUE FANTAIL PLATE FASTENING PORTAL FRAME FIREPLACE POST FIRING STEP POST PAD FLOOR PRINCIPAL FLUE PURLIN FLUTING QUARRY FOUNDATION QUARTER BAR FOUNDATION STONE QUOIN GABLE RAFTER GATE RAIL GLAZING BAR RAINWATER HEAD GRATING RAMPART GRILLE REBATE GROIN RESPOND GULLY REUSED VESSEL COMPONENT GUN PORT REVETMENT GUTTER RIB HAUNCH RING GROOVE HEAD RACE ROOF HEARTH SACK HOIST HOPPER SADDLE HURST SADDLE BAR JAMB SAIL JETTY SALT PAN JOIST SCOTCH JOURNAL SCREEN KERB SHAFT KING PENDANT SHELF KNEELER SHINGLE LATH SHOE LIGHT SHUTTER

73 SILL NT AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN SILL BEAM BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN SKIRTING BOARD BASILICA PLAN SKYLIGHT BUTTERFLY PLAN SLEEPER WALL CENTRAL FIREPLACE PLAN SLUICE CENTRAL STAIRCASE PLAN SMOKE HOOD CIRCULAR PLAN SOFFIT COURTYARD PLAN SOLE PIECE CRUCIFORM PLAN SOULACE DIRECT ENTRY PLAN SPANDREL DOUBLE DEPTH PLAN SPERE DOUBLE PILE PLAN SPIDER E SHAPE PLAN SPIRE END HALL PLAN SPRINGER END LOBBY ENTRY PLAN SPROCKET GABLE ENTRY PLAN SPUR H SHAPE PLAN SPUR WHEEL HALL AND CROSS WING PLAN SQUINT HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN STADDLE STONE HEXAGONAL PLAN STAGE L SHAPE PLAN STAINED GLASS LOBBY ENTRY PLAN STAKE HOLE OCTAGONAL PLAN STANCHION OPEN PLAN STEPS PANOPTICON PLAN STOKEHOLE PAVILION PLAN STONE NUT QUATREFOIL PLAN STONEWORK RECTANGULAR PLAN STOP SEXFOIL PLAN STRAP SIDE WALL FIREPLACE PLAN STRIKING GEAR SINGLE CELL PLAN STRIKING ROD SYMMETRICAL PLAN STRING T SHAPE PLAN STRUT THREE ROOM PLAN STUD THROUGH PASSAGE PLAN TAIL POLE TREFOIL PLAN TAIL RACE U SHAPE PLAN TEMPLATE STRUT THRESHOLD TIE SN A member whose purpose is to keep two other TILING members apart, so acting in a state of TRANSOM compression. TRIMMER CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TRUMEAU NT A STRUT TRUSS ANGLE STRUT TUN CROWN STRUT TYMPANUM KING STRUT UPRIGHT SHAFT QUEEN STRUT VAULT RAKING STRUT VAULT SPRINGER V STRUT VENT STUB TIEBEAM VOUSSOIR WALKWAY SN A block in the position of a tiebeam. WALL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WALLOWER BT TIEBEAM WATER SPOUT STUD WATER TABLE SN A subsidiary member, usually vertical, in a framed WATERWHEEL SHAFT wall or partition. WEATHERBOARD CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WHIP NT CLOSE STUDDING WIND BRACE CRUCK STUD WINDOW HERRINGBONE STUDDING WINDSHAFT YOKE STUDDED DOOR STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A planked or battened door, with large nails or SN A plan form of a structure or building. pegs with projecting heads keeping it intact. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT

74 BT DOOR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STUDY TAIL RACE SN A room for private work, reading etc. SN A channel that returns water that has been used CL AREAS AND SPACES to turn a waterwheel back to the river or source BT ROOM from which it came. NT READING ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL MACHINERY SUN LOUNGE RT HEAD RACE SN A sitting room fitted with large windows for the TANDEM COMPOUND purpose of admitting the maximum amount of sunlight. SN A horizontal, stationary steam engine with two CL AREAS AND SPACES cylinders in line, one behind the other, the steam BT SITTING ROOM passing through each cylinder in turn. CL MACHINERY SUPERVISORY HUB BT STEAM ENGINE SN An area or wing of a hexagonal plan workhouse TANK BED ENGINE or prison from where the supervision of the inmates is carried out. SN A small self-contained rotative Beam Steam CL BUILDING COMPONENT Engine. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL MACHINERY BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE SWIMMING POOL Tas De Charge SN Man made structure, usually sub-terranean, built USE SPRINGER to contain water for the purpose of immersion of Tearoom people for sport and leisure. CL BUILDING COMPONENT USE DINING ROOM CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Telamone NT INDOOR SWIMMING POOL USE ATLANTIS LEARNER POOL MENS POOL TEMPLATE OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL SN A timber placed horizontally in a cob or stone wall SEA POOL to support the foot of a post or cruck blade. WOMENS POOL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SYMMETRICAL PLAN RT PADSTONE SN A building plan in which the rooms are TENIA symmetrically placed. SN A small moulding on the top of the architrave in CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS the Doric order. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL DECORATIVE FEATURES T SHAPE PLAN BT MOULDING SN A building or structural plan shaped like a T. TENONED PURLIN CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS UF Butt Purlin BT STRUCTURAL PLAN SN A purlin that is joined to a principal rafter by a TABERNACLE tenon joint. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A recess for holding the Holy Sacrament. BT PURLIN CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS TEPIDARIUM TABLE ENGINE UF Warm Bath SN A compact steam engine of moderate power in SN The warm room in a Roman baths. which the steam cylinder was placed vertically CL AREAS AND SPACES on a table with the crosshead and guides mounted immediately above. BT ROOM CL MACHINERY RT CALDARIUM FRIGIDARIUM BT STEAM ENGINE PALAESTRA TACK ROOM THATCHED ROOF SN A room for storing and maintaining the equipment SN A roof featuring a covering of straw, reeds, used in riding, eg saddles, bridles, reins etc. rushes etc. used extensively during the medieval CL AREAS AND SPACES period but also popular in rural or rustic BT STOREROOM architecture. RT HARNESS ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TAIL POLE BT ROOF SN A pole projecting to the rear of a post mill to allow the sails to be moved into the wind.

75 Therm THREADED PURLIN USE DIOCLETIAN WINDOW TRENCHED PURLIN Thermal Window THROUGH TENON JOINT USE DIOCLETIAN WINDOW SN A joint in which the tenon passes completely through the receiving timber. THOMSON WATER TURBINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN An inward radial-flow reaction turbine developed BT JOINT by James Thomson. CL MACHINERY THROWING MACHINE BT WATER TURBINE SN A machine used in the silk industry for applying the final twist to silk threads to make them THREADED PURLIN suitable for weaving into a fabric. SN A purlin that is threaded through a hole in the CL MACHINERY principal rafter. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TIE BT THROUGH PURLIN SN Any member that connects two bodies, such as the sloping sides of a roof, to prevent them pulling THREE CENTRED ARCH apart. SN A depressed arch formed around three arcs: two CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT struck from the springing line with one centrally NT TIEBEAM placed arc struck from below it. TIEBEAM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH SN A major horizontal timber spanning a roof space to connect a pair of principal rafters and prevent THREE ROOM PLAN them spreading. SN A building plan consisting of three rooms placed CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT in a straight row. BT TIE CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BEAM BT STRUCTURAL PLAN NT DROPPED TIEBEAM THRESHING MACHINE INTERRUPTED TIEBEAM STUB TIEBEAM SN A machine for beating out or separating grain from corn. TIERCERON CL MACHINERY SN A secondary rib usually springing from the THRESHOLD junction of two other ribs, or one that rises between a main diagonal and transverse rib, from SN A wooden, metal or stone strip attached to the the springing to the ridge rib. floor between the door posts in a doorway CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT covering the joint between two floor surfaces. BT RIB CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT SADDLE JOINT TILE HANGING THRONE ROOM SN A vertical cladding consisting of tiles hung in overlapping rows. SN A room containing one or more thrones. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL AREAS AND SPACES BT CLADDING BT ROOM TILING THROSTLE FRAME SN An area or series of tiles applied, usually to an SN An improved water frame spinning machine interior floor or wall's surface, for practical or which differed from the water frame in decorative effect. mechanical details, being larger and operating at CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT a much faster speed. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL MACHINERY BT WATER FRAME TILT HAMMER THROUGH PASSAGE PLAN SN An early form of powered forging hammer, featuring a cast-iron hammer head fixed to a SN A building plan in which a passage crosses the pivoted wooden arm, introduced circa 1500 and axis of the building, often at one end of a hall, used primarily in the iron industry. with an external door at each end. CL MACHINERY CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS BT STRUCTURAL PLAN TOILET THROUGH PURLIN SN A room containing a toilet, water closet etc.. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A purlin that passes a principal rafter BT WASHING ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT PURLIN TOMB NT BACK PURLIN SN A grave or sepulchre enlosed or covered by a CLASPED PURLIN memorial.

76 CL BUILDING COMPONENT SN A beam that runs the width of a building. RT AMBITUS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT EASTER SEPULCHRE BT BEAM TORUS TRANSVERSE RIB SN A large, convex moulding, sometimes SN A rib which spans a vault passing from springer ornamented, set at the base of a column and to springer at right angles to the axis of the vault. above its plinth. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT RIB BT MOULDING Transyte TOWER USE PASSAGE SN A tall structure of any form, high in proportion to TRAPDOOR its lateral dimensions, often rising in stages, freestanding or part of another building, often SN A horizontal door within, and usually flush with used in fortifications and churches. surface of, a floor, ceiling or roof. CL BUILDING COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT ANGLE TOWER BT DOOR BELL TOWER TRAVELLING CRANE CLOCK TOWER CROSSING TOWER SN A crane, usually used in engineering workshops, FOREBUILDING that can be moved from place to place, often by STAIR TOWER means of rails. TURRET CL MACHINERY BT CRANE TRACERIED HEAD WINDOW NT TRAVELLING ROOF CRANE SN A window which has its head beam decorated TRAVELLING ROOF CRANE with elements of tracery. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A crane, usually used in engineering workshops BT WINDOW that can be moved from place to place by means of overhead rails.. TRACERY CL MACHINERY SN An arrangement by which panels, screens, BT TRAVELLING CRANE vaults or windows are divided into parts of TREAD different shapes or sizes by means of moulded stone bars or ribs, called form-pieces or forms in SN The horizontal surface of a step or stair. the Medieval period. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES BT STEPS NT CINQUEFOIL RT RISER TRACTION STEAM ENGINE TREADMILL SN A small mobile steam engine. UF Treadwheel CL MACHINERY SN A large wheel, often of timber construction, BT STEAM ENGINE rotated by the walking action of people or animals placed within it usually to provide a power TRADING FLOOR source for another machine or device. SN An open area within an exchange building (e.g. CL MACHINERY cotton exchange, corn exchange, stock TREADMILL CRANE exchange) where goods are traded. CL AREAS AND SPACES UF Treadwheel Crane BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN A crane operated by a treadmill turned by the walking action of men placed within it. TRANSEPT CL MACHINERY SN A large division of a building which lies across, BT CRANE and at right angles to, its main axis, such as the Treadwheel arms either side of the crossing in a cruciform church. USE TREADMILL CL AREAS AND SPACES Treadwheel Crane BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE USE TREADMILL CRANE NT CROSS TRANSEPT DWARF TRANSEPT TREFOIL PLAN TRANSOM SN A plan featuring three foils or lobes radiating outwards from a central point. SN A horizontal member dividing a window into two CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS or more lights. BT STRUCTURAL PLAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT MULLION TREFOIL WINDOW TRANSVERSE BEAM SN A window in the form of a three-leafed clover.

77 CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT wiring, piping etc. BT WINDOW CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS TRENCHED PURLIN TRUSS SN A purlin that sits in a trench cut in the back of a SN A combination of timbers to form a frame placed principal rafter. at intervals and carrying the purlins. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT THROUGH PURLIN NT AISLE TRUSS BOWSTRING TRUSS TRIFORIUM BOX FRAMED TRUSS SN An arcaded upper aisle, wall passage or blind CLOSED TRUSS arcade, usually occurring in large Romanesque or COMMON RAFTER TRUSS Gothic churches, above the aisle and below the CRUCK clerestory. DOUBLE ARCH BRACED TRUSS CL AREAS AND SPACES FALSE HAMMER BEAM TRUSS BT PASSAGE HAMMER BEAM TRUSS RT BLIND ARCADE KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS TRIGLYPH OPEN TRUSS POST AND RAFTER TRUSS SN A grooved block placed in series, alternating with PRINCIPAL RAFTER TRUSS the metopes, in a Doric frieze. QUEEN POST TRUSS CL ORDER SAW TOOTH TRUSS BT DORIC ORDER SCISSOR BRACED TRUSS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SECONDARY TRUSS BT FRIEZE SPERE TRUSS TRIMMER TUDOR FLOWER UF Trimmer Joist SN Decorative ornamentation in the form of an SN A short timber supporting end of joists or rafters upright, stalked trefoil used in Tudor architecture. to facilitate an opening, such as a door or dormer. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT FLORAL FEATURE Trimmer Joist TUDOR ROSE USE TRIMMER SN A decorative feature in the style of a formalized TRIPLE EXPANSION ENGINE rose. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A design of steam engine in which either three BT FLORAL FEATURE cylinders, in the case of vertical engines, or four cylinders on horizontal engines, permit steam to TUN be expanded three times as it passes through the SN A casement, usually wooden, in a mill enclosing installation. the grindstones and preventing the loss of CL MACHINERY ground material before it is channelled into sacks. BT STEAM ENGINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TRUE MITRE Tunnel Vault SN The junction of two timbers at right angles which USE BARREL VAULT involves chamfers or mouldings meeting on a diagonal line and where the timbers meet on the TURBINE 45 degree line of the chamfer or moulding SN A motor in which rotary motion is produced by junction. motive power, usually of water, steam or gas, CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT impinging directly on a series of vanes upon the BT JOINT circumference of a revolving cylinder or disc. TRUMEAU CL MACHINERY NT GAS TURBINE SN A vertical stone mullion or shaft situated in the REACTION TURBINE centre of a wide doorway to support its lintel or STEAM TURBINE tympanum. WATER TURBINE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT DOORWAY TURNED BALUSTER SN A baluster, circular in plan, turned and cut on a TRUNK STEAM ENGINE lathe. SN A steam engine in which the pistons are long CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT relative to their diameters, and there are no piston BT BALUSTER rods and crossheads. CL MACHINERY TURRET BT STEAM ENGINE SN A small tower, usually round or polygonal and attached to a structure. When a separate TRUNKING building, treat as a monument. SN A channel or casing containing and protecting CL BUILDING COMPONENT

78 BT TOWER each equal to the span of the arch. NT BARTIZAN CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BELVEDERE BT ARCH STAIR TURRET TYMPANUM TUSCAN ARCH SN The face within a pediment, as enclosed by the SN An arch of the Tuscan Order. cornices, or the solid infill of an arch above an CL ORDER impost, sometimes embellished with sculptural or BT TUSCAN ORDER relief ornament. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT ARCH RT PEDIMENT TUSCAN BASE U SHAPE PLAN SN A base of the Tuscan Order, featuring a square SN A building or structural plan with a U shape. plinth supporting a large torus with a fillet above. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT STRUCTURAL PLAN BT BASE UNASSIGNED CL ORDER BT TUSCAN ORDER SN This is the top term for the class. This class includes terms with very broad definitions which TUSCAN CAPITAL could be assigned to three or more classes. See SN A capital of the Tuscan Order featuring a square UNASSIGNED Class List for narrow terms. abacus. CL UNASSIGNED CL ORDER NT BURIAL PIT BT TUSCAN ORDER FEATURE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LAYER BT CAPITAL UNDERCROFT TUSCAN COLUMN SN An underground, or partially underground, vault SN A column of the Tuscan Order featuring a plain, or crypt beneath a church or other building. unfluted shaft. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT COLUMN UNDERSHOT WHEEL CL ORDER BT TUSCAN ORDER SN A waterwheel where the inflow of water strikes the paddles, or floatboards, below the axis of the TUSCAN ENTABLATURE wheel. SN An entablature of the Tuscan Order consisting of CL MACHINERY a plain architrave, frieze and cornice without BT WATERWHEEL decoration or enrichments.. NT PONCELET WATERWHEEL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINE BT ENTABLATURE CL ORDER SN A steam engine in which steam flows in one BT TUSCAN ORDER direction only at each stroke, as opposed to the commoner contra-flow engines. TUSCAN ORDER CL MACHINERY UF Gigantic Order BT STEAM ENGINE SN A biggest and plainest of the classical Uplong architectural orders, based upon a simplified version of the Doric Order. Sometimes called the USE WHIP Gigantic order, though not to be confused with UPPER CRUCK the Colossal or Giant Order. SN A cruck with its feet sitting on a ceiling beam on CL ORDER the first floor. NT TUSCAN ARCH CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT TUSCAN BASE BT CRUCK TUSCAN CAPITAL TUSCAN COLUMN UPRIGHT SHAFT TUSCAN ENTABLATURE SN The main vertical axle running through the centre TWIST BALUSTER of a mill. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A spirally turned baluster. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UPWARD BRACE BT BALUSTER SN A brace extending from a vertical to a higher Twisted Column horizontal timber. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE SPIRAL COLUMN BT BRACE TWO CENTRED ARCH UTILITY ROOM SN An arch formed around two arcs whose radii are

79 SN A room in which domestic appliances and SN A shaft constructed to allow the circulation of facilities for cleaning are stored. fresh air, into a mine, building etc. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT ROOM VERANDA RT LAUNDRY ROOM UF Verandah V STRUT SN An open balcony or gallery extending along the SN One of a pair of inclined struts that meet at the outside of a building, providing principal rooms bottom to form a V shape. with shade by means of a roof or canopy CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT supported by posts or light columns. BT STRUT CL BUILDING COMPONENT Vacuum Engine Verandah USE ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE USE VERANDA VAGRANTS WARD VERGE RAFTER UF Casual Ward SN A rafter set outside a gable to carry the roof SN A ward in a workhouse for vagrants beyond the wall face. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT WARD BT RAFTER VALLEY RAFTER VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE SN A rafter set diagonally where two sloping rooves SN An engine in which a vertical piston rod supplies meet. energy via a crankshaft directly to the flywheel CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT suspended above the cylinder. BT RAFTER CL MACHINERY BT STEAM ENGINE VAT NT HYPOCYCLOID STEAM ENGINE SN A large tank or cask for storing or holding goods, whether liquid, such as chemicals or fermenting Vestibule beer, or dry, often during a production process. USE LOBBY CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS VESTRY RT YORKSHIRE SQUARE SN A room used in a church to store vestments and VAULT for the clergy to dress in. SN A room or space with an arched ceiling or roof, CL AREAS AND SPACES the depth of which exceeds its span. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT VOLUTE NT ANNULAR VAULT BARREL VAULT UF Volute Cushion CROSS VAULT SN A decorative, spiral scroll form, thought to have RIBBED VAULT been based upon the shape of a ram's horn, RT LIERNE employed in consoles, modillions, the capitals of WALL RIB orders such as the Ionic, Composite and Corinthian etc.. VAULT SPRINGER CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN The impost, or point at which a vault rests upon Volute Cushion its support, and from which it seems to spring. Hence the term describes the bottom stone of a USE VOLUTE vault, which lies on the impost. VOUSSOIR CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A wedge shaped stone or brick forming part of VENETIAN WINDOW an arch or vault, with its radiating sides UF Palladian Window coinciding with the radii of that arch. Serliana CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A window with three openings, the central light WAGON ROOF being arched and wider than those flanking it. UF Barrel Roof CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Cradle Roof BT WINDOW SN A roof consisting of a series of rafters and arch Venison Larder braces set closely together to give the USE GAME LARDER appearance of a continuous, uninterrupted arch or curved plate. VENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN A gap which allows air to circulate. BT ROOF CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Wagon Vault VENTILATION SHAFT USE BARREL VAULT UF Air Shaft WAINSCOT

80 SN Wooden panelling, especially interior wall WALL POST panelling that rises only to dado height. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES SN A post, usually carrying a tiebeam, which forms BT PANELLING part of a wall in a timber framed building. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WAITING ROOM BT POST SN A room provided for the use of people waiting for WALL RIB a service, such as a train or bus service, or to see an individual such as a doctor or a dentist. SN An arched half-rib applied to the lateral wall When a dedicated structure, see Thesaurus of surface in a vaulted bay, its function, rather than Monument Types. structural, being to complete the pattern of the CL AREAS AND SPACES vault's main ribs. BT ROOM CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT RIB WALKING SPACE RT VAULT SN A clear area in a church covered by the WALL SAFE transepts and crossing. CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A metal safe built in to wall BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS WALKWAY WALLOWER SN A pedestrian passageway, often elevated, SN The first driven gearwheel on the vertical shaft connecting two buildings or sections within a within a corn mill which meshes with the brake building. wheel in a windmill, or the pit wheel in a CL AREAS AND SPACES watermill. BT PASSAGE CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WALLPAPER WALL SN Paper, often decorated with a printed pattern, UF Analemma painted or embossed design, and usually SN A structure, usually of brick, stone or timber, that provided in rolls and used to line the interior walls encloses or defines a space or room. of a building for decorative purposes. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL DECORATIVE FEATURES NT CURTAIN WALL Wallplate DADO (WALL) USE WALL PLATE PARTITION WALL PLINTH (WALL) WARD Wall Arcade SN A room, usually in a hospital, in which a number of beds are located. USE BLIND ARCADE CL AREAS AND SPACES WALL CRANE BT DORMITORY UF Jigger NT FEVER WARD SN A wall mounted, hydraulically operated crane or ISOLATION WARD winch, sometimes used to operate lifts. PROBATIONARY WARD CL MACHINERY VAGRANTS WARD BT CRANE WARDROBE WALL PAINTING UF Garderobe (Wardrobe) SN A two dimensional image using paint applied to SN A room or cupboard usually used for the storage the surface of a wall. of garments. CL DECORATIVE FEATURES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT FRESCO BT CUPBOARD RT CEILING PAINTING CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT CUPBOARD WALL PASSAGE CL AREAS AND SPACES SN A passage constructed within the thickness of a BT STOREROOM wall. Warm Bath CL AREAS AND SPACES BT PASSAGE USE TEPIDARIUM WALL PLATE WARMING ROOM UF Wallplate UF Calefactory SN A longitudinal timber set on top of a timber frame, SN A heated room within a monastery where monks brick or masonry wall on which roof-trusses or could warm themselves. rafters rest. CL AREAS AND SPACES CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT PLATE WASHING ROOM NT AISLE PLATE

81 SN A room intended for, and usually equipped to aid, SN A tank used for the storage of water, usually the performance of ablutions. found as part of an institution like a workhouse or CL AREAS AND SPACES hospital complex BT ROOM CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT BATHROOM WATER TURBINE LAVATORY PRIVY SN A prime mover in which a central wheel with TOILET curved vanes, enclosed in a chamber, receives water directed onto the curved vanes by a ring WATER BALANCE ENGINE of fixed guide vanes, causing the wheel to rotate SN A device for hoisting, or operating pumps, using about its axis. water displacement as a lifting and balancing CL MACHINERY medium. BT TURBINE CL MACHINERY NT FOURNEYRON WATER TURBINE FRANCIS WATER TURBINE WATER FILTRATION UNIT JONVAL WATER TURBINE SN A plant used to sterilize water for use in public PONCELET WATER TURBINE bathing establishments, not to be confused with THOMSON WATER TURBINE desaliation or purification units for drinking water. WATERWHEEL CL MACHINERY SN A wheel turned by water to generate mechanical power. WATER FRAME CL MACHINERY SN A machine used for spinning cotton powered by NT BREASTSHOT WHEEL water. OVERSHOT WHEEL CL MACHINERY PITCHBACK WHEEL BT SPINNING MACHINE UNDERSHOT WHEEL NT THROSTLE FRAME WATERWHEEL SHAFT WATER LEAF CAPITAL UF King Pin SN A late 12th Century capital featuring large, Mill Shaft unribbed leaves growing outwards from each Wheel Shaft angle before curving up towards the abacus and SN The large main axle on which a waterwheel, turning inwards at the top. which turns the shaft, and a pitwheel are CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT mounted. BT CAPITAL CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WATER PUMP WEATHERBOARD SN A pump used to move water. SN A piece of cladding in the form of a length of CL MACHINERY timber fixed horizontally to the building. BT PUMP CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT AQUA THRUSTER PUMP RT WEATHERBOARDING WATER PURIFICATION UNIT WEATHERBOARDING SN A machine used for the purification of water, SN An external wall cladding consisting of usually for drinking purposes. overlapping horizontal boards. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WATER RETURNING ENGINE BT CLADDING RT WEATHERBOARD SN A steam engine, often used in the 18th century, which drove a pump to return water back to a WEIGHBRIDGE waterwheel so that it could be used over and SN A platform scale set within, and flush with the over again. surface of, a roadway, for weighing vehicles, CL MACHINERY cattle etc. BT STEAM ENGINE CL MACHINERY WATER SPOUT BT WEIGHING MACHINE SN A pipe or channel to carry water outwards from WEIGHING MACHINE a gutter or behind a parapet. If decorated with SN A machine used for weighing objects. grotesque heads it is called a gargoyle. CL MACHINERY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT WEIGHBRIDGE RT GUTTER WESTWORK WATER TABLE SN The west end of a church made up of a tower, SN An inclined course on top of a projecting sill, entrance hall and upper room, usually with an cornice etc., designed to throw off rainwater. altar. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL BUILDING COMPONENT WATER TANK

82 Wheel Shaft LUCARNE USE WATERWHEEL SHAFT MULLIONED WINDOW NORTH LIGHT WHEEL WINDOW OCULUS SN A circular window with tracery or shafts ORIEL WINDOW radiating from the centre. PIERCED WINDOW CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT QUATREFOIL WINDOW BT WINDOW ROSE WINDOW WHIP SASH WINDOW TRACERIED HEAD WINDOW UF Sail Back TREFOIL WINDOW Uplong VENETIAN WINDOW SN The principal longitudinal member or spine of a WHEEL WINDOW windmill sail, extending from the stock and RT AEDICULE (FRAME) supporting the sailbars. APRON CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CAME WICKET GLAZING BAR LIGHT SN A small hinged opening within a large door. QUARRY CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SADDLE BAR BT DOOR STANCHION WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE WINDOW LINTEL UF Centre Valve Steam Engine WINDOW LINTEL SN A high speed, single acting compound steam SN A lintel over a window. engine with centrally placed piston valves CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT controlling the distribution of steam. BT LINTEL CL MACHINERY RT WINDOW BT COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE WINDSHAFT WIND BRACE SN The main axle projecting through the front of a SN A diagonal or arched member placed across windmill on which the sails are mounted. rafters to stiffen and support a roof structure. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WING WIND ENGINE SN A part of a building joined to the core of the SN A simple, wind-driven water pump, also known structure and at an angle to it. as a windpump. CL PLANS AND DIVISIONS CL MACHINERY BT PLAN COMPONENT WINDER STAIRCASE NT CHAMBER BLOCK SN A staircase that rises through only one storey CROSS WING and has treads and risers framed into square SERVICE WING studs, one of them often on one side of a door- Winter Parlour frame; it usually occupies a rectangular space. USE PARLOUR CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT STAIRCASE WIPER LOOM WINDING ENGINE SN An early power loom in which the shedding actions of the machine were controlled by SN An engine used for directly winding up coal from tappets, or wipers, which received their motion deep mines, dating from the 18th century. from a rotating cam shaft positioned at one side CL MACHINERY of the loom. WINDOW CL MACHINERY SN An opening in a wall, roof, door, etc to allow light BT LOOM to enter. Usually used to include all component WIRE MACHINE parts. SN A mechanical device, used in a corn mill, that CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT separates bran from meal to produce a whiter NT BAY WINDOW flour. BOW WINDOW CL MACHINERY BULLSEYE WINDOW BT SIFTER CASEMENT WINDOW CROSS WINDOW Withdrawing Chamber DORMER WINDOW USE DRAWING ROOM FANLIGHT FIRE WINDOW Withdrawing Room LACED WINDOW USE DRAWING ROOM LANCET WINDOW WOMENS POOL LOWSIDE WINDOW

83 SN A swimming pool restricted to the use of females only. CL BUILDING COMPONENT BT SWIMMING POOL CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT SWIMMING POOL WOOLF COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE SN A beam steam engine, reciprocating or rotative, powered by two steam cylinders side by side. CL MACHINERY BT COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE WORK ROOM SN Room in a building or complex, such as a workhouse, in which work is carried out. CL AREAS AND SPACES BT ROOM YOKE SN A short timber linking two pieces of timber. CL STRUCTURAL COMPONENT YORKSHIRE SQUARE SN Specialised fermenting vessel consisting of a two-storey system consisting of a shallow chamber approximately 2m high above which is a walled deck. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS RT VAT Zigzag Moulding USE CHEVRON MOULDING

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