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CASTLE WILLIAMS BIBLIOGRAPHY National Park Service U.S CASTLE WILLIAMS BIBLIOGRAPHY National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region CASTLE WILLIAMS Governors Island National Monument National Parks of New York Harbor New York, New York Historic Structure Report CASTLE WILLIAMS HISTORIC STRUCTURE REPORT Governors Island National Monument National Parks of New York Harbor New York, New York By Barbara A. Yocum, Architectural Conservator Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region, National Park Service Lowell, Massachusetts 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures and Credits................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. xiv Recommendations ............................................................................................................................... xvi Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................xvii Administrative Data.............................................................................................................................xix Introduction.............................................................................................................................................xx Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................xxii CHRONOLOGY of CASTLE WILLIAMS ...................................................................... 1 1807- 1819 ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1820- 1829 ...................................................................................................................................... 20 1830- 1839 ...................................................................................................................................... 22 1840- 1849 ...................................................................................................................................... 31 1850- 1859 ...................................................................................................................................... 42 1860- 1869 ...................................................................................................................................... 44 1870- 1879 ...................................................................................................................................... 62 1880- 1889 ...................................................................................................................................... 68 1890- 1899 ...................................................................................................................................... 75 1900- 1909 ...................................................................................................................................... 82 1910- 1919 ...................................................................................................................................... 90 1920- 1929 ...................................................................................................................................... 96 iii 1930- 1939 ...................................................................................................................................... 98 1940- 1949 ....................................................................................................................................101 1950- 1959 ....................................................................................................................................107 1960- 1969 ....................................................................................................................................109 1970- 1979 ....................................................................................................................................112 1980- 1989 ....................................................................................................................................113 1990- 1999 ....................................................................................................................................126 2000- 2004 ....................................................................................................................................131 ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTIONS........................................................................... 135 General Information............................................................................................................. 137 Name / Building Number ............................................................................................. 137 Dimensions .....................................................................................................................137 Armament........................................................................................................................139 Exterior Elements .................................................................................................................. 141 Addition on Southwest Side of Courtyard ................................................................ 141 Bartizan [Sentry Turret]................................................................................................ 141 Chimneys.........................................................................................................................141 Courtyard / Parade ........................................................................................................142 Doorways.........................................................................................................................142 Embrasures......................................................................................................................143 Foundations ....................................................................................................................144 Galleries ...........................................................................................................................144 Guardhouse.....................................................................................................................144 Gutter Equipment.......................................................................................................... 145 Navigation Aids .............................................................................................................. 145 Parade (See Courtyard)................................................................................................. 145 Parapet .............................................................................................................................145 Railing (Rooftop) ........................................................................................................... 146 Roofs ................................................................................................................................146 Sally Port..........................................................................................................................146 Stair Structures and Exterior Stair .............................................................................. 147 Walls .................................................................................................................................148 Windows..........................................................................................................................149 iv Missing Exterior Elements................................................................................................. 150 Chain- Link Fence ......................................................................................................... 150 Cistern..............................................................................................................................150 Flagstaff............................................................................................................................150 Mess Hall and Kitchen.................................................................................................. 151 Pathway to Fort Jay........................................................................................................ 151 Powder Magazines......................................................................................................... 152 Privy..................................................................................................................................152 Well...................................................................................................................................153 Interior Elements.................................................................................................................... 154 Layout and Use...............................................................................................................154 Floors ...............................................................................................................................163 Walls .................................................................................................................................163
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