The World Fertility Survey (WFS)A an International Population Research Program

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The World Fertility Survey (WFS)A an International Population Research Program 4 The Norld,FertilLty 'Survey: January 1976- ecember* 1976. Annual Report. InternatiOnal Statistical Inst., Voorburg (Netherlands).; NOrld Fertility Survey, London (England). Agency for Internctional Development (Dept. Of State), Washington, D,C.; phited Natio& Fnnd for Population Activities, New York N.Y. 77 106p. EDES PRICE MF-$0.83 ric7$6;01 Plus Postage. ptSCRIpToRS,- Annual Reports; Virth Rate; *Demography; Developed NatiOns; *Developing NationS; Falaily.Planningv Human GeOgraphy; International Programs; *Nationaj. Snrveys; OverpopulatiOn; Population Distribution; *Population GroWth;- Statistical Surve'ys ENTIFIERS *WorlA Fertility Survey AD5TRACT Thisannuat".4repo t describes, through narrative and tatistical tables, the progress made in 1976 by the World Fertility Survey (WFS)A an international population research program. The function of/the NZS-is to assist a large number ofineerested countries, particularly the developing countries, in parrying nut nationally repr'esentative, internationally comparable, and scientifically designed and conducted surveys of human fertility behavior. An introduction prOvides -information onthe background, history, and maior goals of the survey. Thereport distinguishes between developed and developing countries in,itsCountry by countr breakdown of progress and participation in the WF A section on program developments describes the status of the nst,rumentS and methodology used by the survey, including its.que tionnaires, modules, documentation, special field studies; d tai'processing, an various Methods of information dissemination. Pr ceedings of committees and meetings associated with the' WFS re summarized,( . and lectures given on the topic of the survey are lited. The four appendices contain listings of the following: in ernationalexports consulted by the WFS,'the year,s visitors to the WES Professioual Centre in London, the publications of the WFS, nd the libraries in the WFS depositary system.(Author/MK) * ****************** ******************** Documents acquired by ERIC include many i mal unpublished. * materials not available from other sources. E IC makes everyeffort * * to obtain the best copy available. Neverthele items of marginal * reproducibility are often encountered and thiaffects the quality * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions RI: makes available * via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service(E RS1. EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of,the original d cument.Reproductions * supp'ied by4DRS are th\best that can be, made from theoriginal. * ************ ***********'* ******************* ********************** eWorld Fertiljt3PSu nuqry1976-Dcce ber 19:76 DEPARTMOSIT ALTH, ,E DUCATION WELARE NATIONAL INSTITUTEOF EDUCATION BEEN REPRO- THIS OOCUMENT HAS FRDM . DUCEDEXACTLY AS RECEIVED THE PERSON ORORGANIZATION ORIGIN' ATING IT POINTS OFVIEW OR OPINIONS NECESSARILY REPRE STATED Dd. nipT IN/TITL1TE OF SENT:OFFICIAL NATIONAL EOUCATION- POSITION ORPOLICY: a )--hT International Stotts I Institute 428 Primes BentrixIoan -cc Voorburg, The 'Hogue NetherIgnels fiqrnt an eo 1- os (fen Nr.eciLor: II - °Bs 'lay Survey is an interna%nai research provammewhose purpose is to nt state of human felinityThrughout the world. This is being done principally promoting amt4upporting nationallyrepresentatiVe, internationally comparabk, ifically designed andtonducted sample surveys offertilitibehavjour it' as many countries as possible. FS iS being undertaken, with the collaboration of theUntted Nations, by the Int tiational Statistical Institute inicooperatiph with the InArnational Union forthe Scien a Study of Population. Financial support is providedprincipally by theUnited Naticins Fi. for Population Activities and the United States Agency forInternational Development. This publication is part of the WFS PublicattonsProgramme which Includes'the WF Basic Documentation, Occasional Papers andauxiliarypublreations. For further info ion on: the WFS, write to the Information Office,International StatistiCal Institute, 4 Prinses Beatriziaan, Voorburg. The Hague, Netherlands, CORRIGENDA World Fertility Survey AnnualReport 1976 should read as follow Chapter 2 Section 2.1page 26, third paragraph otho survey design visit wasmade to Lesotho in June1976 a oject proposal'was drawn upwith the executive agenc partment of Statistics_ Section 2.1, iisage 36, Table I,should read as folio WFS Staff National Director/ National COuntry cn-ordinatcl- Survey Director Executive Agency ,Directorte of L. Williams Statisti s Benoit Farry - (Resi,dent Advjser) ontenfs NTRODUCTION . - PROPMS ,PF COUNTRIES IN THE WFS PROGRAM E 12- The Dttt\eloping Countries ,. 12 24.1 Statu '-of OwGoing Surseys 12 2.12 Associ te Status .29 2..1.3. Future Enrolment 30 -1-2.-The. De a* Countries 42 PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENTS 45, WFS Documentation 45 ModifiCations to ihe Core Questionnaire 45 2 Module, 45 -tore Questionnatre for Husbands 47 1;4 Summary pf Status of WFS Documnntatic 48 3.2 Spe6ial Field Studies 51 3.2.1 Linguistic Study in Cameroon 51 3.2.2 Pilot Study on Availability of Fer ility Regulation Methods 53 3.2.3 Pest-Enumeration Surveys 55 Bankladesh 56' Indon sia 58 Pakistan 59 3.3 Data Process1n0 60 3.4 Developments in Data Analys 62 3.5 '4chnical Monitoring 65 r 3.6 InformationJ and Publications 66 4. COM M1TTE ES 69 4.1 WFS Permanent Committees a'nd Ad Hoc Meetings 69 4 I1 Programme Steering Cpmmittee 69 4.1.2 Technical Adiisory Committee 72 413 Staff Meeting 74 414 ',.Workipg G-roup on StrategidS for Analysis 74 4.1.5 Meeting on Stiff Itequiements 74 4.1.6 Reeonal Metting on Data Processing ::Caribbean 75 4:13 WFS Regjonal Technical Meetings 4.2 WFS.Participation in Other Meetings 76 4.2.1 :Meetiag on CONCOR-Editing Package 70 4.2.2 UN Standing Working Group on Saaial Denfograohy 76 4!2.3 Siirth International POPLARS Corifereate 76 424 UN Meeting on DasaTroCessing in Developing aguntries 77 4.2.5 OECD Working Group Meeting 77 4.2.6 UNESCAP-Coininittee on Statistics 77 4.3 Lectures 78 4.3.1 -Institute of Social Studies, The Hague 78 4.3.2 Unjversity of Louva.in 'Quetelet Chair 1976' 78- 4.3.3 Lectures on WFS to University of Arkansas and Florida State University 78 4.3A Statistics Canada 78 4.33 U.S. Department of Health and Welfare 78 .6 Institute for Professional Education, Virginia, U.S.A. 79 5'. PERSONNEL 80 5.1WSjfaff z 80 5.Lr- WfS Professional Centre, London 80 5.1.2 IS! Permanent Office, Tht Hague 82 2 .UN Liaison Officers v 82 TABLE I : Present and Projected Participation of the Devel ping Coun- tries in the WFS Programme s 32 TABLE II: Present and Future Participation ot,the Developed Countries s in the WFS Programme . 43 TABLE III: Success Rate of PES in Fiji 58 TABLE IV: SainpleSelcctionof PES in Pakistan . 59 TABLE V: Status of Editing and Tabulation Software in WFS Surveys 61 . CHART: WFS Objectives and Activities Infernatipnal Participatton in dig FS 101 PENDIX I:Inteinational Collaborition: Alia of Experts Consulted by WFS 84 APPENDIX II:List of Visitors to the WFS Professional Centre, Londmi- - 90 APPENDIX III: List df Publications Available as of 31 December 1976 93 APPENDIX IV: List of -Libraries in the WFS'Depositary System ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE REPORT . Z- CELADE Cartro Latinoameribano de Demografia- CLUSTERS WFS program for calcylation of standard errors , COCENTS Tabulation package developed by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, adopted fo.r-WFS purp;oses CONCOR Editing package deveL4ed by CELADE and WFS ECA Economic Commission:for Africa:, ECE TeonOmie Commission'. for Europa- ESCAP Economic and Social COmmis5ion for Asia and the Pacifl ICL International Computers Limited- rua Intetnational Labour-Organization. , INED Institut National d'Etirdes 'Pernographiques IPPF International Planned ParenthoodTederation !SI International Statistical institote ISPC International Statistical Pibgrams Center; U.S. Bureau IUSSP Inteinational Union for the pcientific Study of populatio OECD 'Organization for-Economic Co-operation and Developm ORSTOM' Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique. Outre-M PES /Post-Enameration Survey POPLARS Population Laboratories PSC - tfrogramme Steering Coninn TAC Technical Advisory Comniitt e UNDP 14niteld Nations Development*rogramme . UNFPA United Nations Fund fol- Population Actkvities VSAID, United States Agency foi International Develop World 'Fertility Survey World Health Organization 6 Introduction The World Fertility Survey (NyFS) is an international population research programme whose purpose is to assist a large norther. of interested countries, particularly the developing countries, in carrying out nationally representativc,- internationally com- . parable, and.scientifically designed and condircted surveys of human fertility behav- iour. The WFS was begun in 1972 in fesponse tc; the arinouncement of World PoRola- fion Year 1974 and the United Nations call for concerted world action on population matters. It is being undertaken by-the inrernational Statistical instifute (151) with the collaboration of-the United Nalions, and in cooperation with the international Union r he Scientific Siudy of Population (EUSSP). The WFS is finaneed'hy grants to the ISI from the United Nations Fund- for Population Activities (UNFPA) and the U.S. Agency for International Developmt-At (US ID). -the primary- aim of the WFS programme is to assist countries to acquire theientific information that will permit them to deScribe..and interpret their populations' fertility. A second popose is to increase national capacities for fertility and other cfemographic survey researah
Recommended publications
  • Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Infertility, Edited by J
    Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Infertility, edited by J. Dobbing. Nestld Nutrition, Vevey/ Raven Press, New York © 1985. Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Infertility: A Review Prema Ramachandran National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India 500007 Ample data exist to show that lactation prolongs postpartum amenorrhoea and provides some degree of protection against pregnancy (1,2). There are, however, marked variations in the duration of lactational infertility among women of different countries and women in different communities in the same country (1,2). Investi- gations undertaken during the past two decades have shown that a large proportion of the observed variations are attributable to differences in the duration of lactation and breastfeeding practices among communities (1). An association between ma- ternal nutritional status and duration of lactational amenorrhoea has also been observed in some of the studies (1). Before reviewing the literature, it might be worthwhile to consider whether delay in return of fertility in undernourished women could constitute a beneficial evo- lutionary adaptation. Famine and acute starvation are dramatic short-term events that result in acute undernutrition. There are data showing that such drastic reduc- tion in food intake and consequent acute undernutrition are associated with amen- orrhoea and reduction in fertility in women (3). With improvement in the food supply, rapid improvement in nutritional status and fertility occur. There are reports of a rebound increase in total marital fertility rates after famine (3). Given the complex socio-economic and political milieu in which famines arise it is unlikely that anyone could document, investigate, and segregate the contribution of under- nutrition per se, as well as the psychological factors, to the observed reduction in fertility during famine.
    [Show full text]
  • Rose E. Frisch Associate Professor of Population Sciences, Emerita Member, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies
    Rose E. Frisch Associate Professor of Population Sciences, Emerita Member, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Department of Global Health and Population 9 Bow Street Cambridge, MA 02138 617.495.3013 [email protected] Research My research has shown that undernutrition and intense physical activity can have a limiting effect on female fertility. Women who have too little body fat, because of injudicious dieting and/or intensive physical activity, also have disruption or impairment of their reproductive ability; they are infertile due to hypothalamic dysfunction which is correlated with weight loss or excessive leanness. The effect is reversible with gain in weight and fatness. Fat is an active metabolic tissue that makes estrogen, and as recently discovered, a hormone, leptin. Human reproduction has a metabolic cost: it takes about 50,000 calories over the daily caloric maintenance cost to grow a human infant to term. Lactation costs about 500-1000 calories a day. I hypothesized that a critical, minimum amount of body fat is necessary for, and directly influences, female reproduction. My research results are predictive and are now used clinically for evaluation of nutritional infertility and the restoration of fertility. Research on the long-term health of 5,498 U.S. college alumnae showed that moderate athletic regular activity resulted in a lower risk of breast cancer and cancers of the reproductive system and a lower risk of late onset diabetes. Environmental factors of nutrition, physical activity and disease can affect each reproductive milestone from menarche to menopause, hence as I have documented the natural fertility of populations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Paper I This Collection Explore..The Sstratelies for Eq,Uality in Physical Edudation and Ithletics.-Marjorie Reguipiients Of
    7777177-7.. .1) 019.931:. thysical, Education 'and ',Athletic84..Str.ategies fbr .,110iPting. Tit 1:e..IX'..Requirements...1.onforence , Proceed4igs...'anc/C0 ,titban 'Divertity .Seri0., ..NuMber 66, August. 1979:. .-- .'%#,A, 1N4T toTiON ColuMbia Uniit ,' New-York:0. N. Y. NIIC Clear 4enghouse.'on the Orban:.DisadvattagEd.,:.1-Col.umbia UniV., New' N.Y. Sex DesegregatiOn AsSistance .CenteSt, 1 : . ONS AGENCY National. Inst.. of 'Education, (DHEW), Wa.shIngton, D4C,; Office. of EdUcatiOn. (MIER., Washington; p4C. :.. OS .DATt... Aug-I-9' .. st" ..\ i8.... ONTRACT.. 1100.,-77,-,00,71 . ,.. ;NOTE:1 15p. ,,,i AVAI ihttLE FROMIntti.tute. for . Ur ba.n. and,MinOrity4Educitio.n, ,Box 40,, Tec4ers_college, .C.olum04.4 ariiv4rsity, NowYork,NeV.. York 10027.($5.00).. ... * . .. .. EDES 'PR.TcE... MFOI/PC01,40los' Postage. ., . DOCRIPTOES Athletics:: Elementary. SeCondary -Oucation; *Equal EducAtioi: strede'raVlegislatkon;..*Femiles:. *Physica_. .. .E.4-fication; Sex (Characterisi4ici);. Sex Inerences; . *Sex' Discrimination f'" 1DENTIFIE4-S *Title IX EdicatiOn Amendments 1972' 'ABSTRACT . The paperithis collection explore..the implicatl.ons of Title IX i (arms of,Oducational equity, analyze 'sex-related differences between -males and females., and outline sstratelies for eq,uality in physical edudation and ithletics.-Marjoriesome Blaufarb discusses.the physical and psYchological ine.guities that exist in -the traditional .approach, to physical'educlaticz which provides for separate .progratms 'for boys and girls., Borotby .Harris reviews. the state of research on physiological, sex differences and, emphirsizes ,the 'fact that observed- dif aliences are mediated by _apical. fitness 14vels rathethan by sex. ,k;*---Aiete 1-1449-T-43-Xert4nes the ala reguipiients of Title IX requlations lor physical education .and .athleticS and suggesti ways for- develdping suppertive Measures necessary to make com,pliance meaningf ul.
    [Show full text]
  • The Culture and Consequences of Low Energy Availability in National
    The Culture and Consequences of Low Energy Availability in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division One Female Distance Runners: A Mixed Methods Investigation by Traci L. Carson A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Epidemiological Science) in The University of Michigan 2021 Doctoral Committee: Assistant Professor, Carrie A. Karvonen-Gutierrez, Chair Associate Professor, Philippa J. Clarke Professor, Sioban D. Harlow Professor, Kendrin Sonneville Research Associate Professor Brady T. West Professor, Ron Zernicke Traci L. Carson [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0484-7252 © Traci L. Carson 2021 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to every female athlete who has struggled with an eating disorder. I hope this work begins to change the narrative for the next generation of “us”. ii Acknowledgments There are so many people who supported me throughout this dissertation process and made me excited to wake up every day to do this work. When I began my academic career at the University of Michigan in 2012, I could have never imagined that I would still be here (pursuing a career in science) eight years later. I look back fondly on PH200, the course that inspired me to pursue a career in public health, during my junior year of undergrad. First, I would like to thank my dissertation chair, Dr. Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez, for your incredible mentorship over the past three and a half years. I am grateful for the unwavering support and guidance you provided me in pursuing my independent research interests. You always knew when to push me and when to let me navigate the journey and make mistakes (to learn from) on my own.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome
    A GUIDE TO OBESITY AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME ORIGINS AND TREAT MENT GEORG E A. BRA Y Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4398-1457-4 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact on Puberty, Linear Growth and Hormonal Regulation
    www.nature.com/pr COMMENT BMI changes through childhood: the impact on puberty, linear growth and hormonal regulation Jeanie B. Tryggestad1 and Steven D. Chernausek1 Pediatric Research (2020) 88:11–13; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-0903-9 The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased substantially found that obesity at any period was associated with a higher risk over the past two decades with now approximately 18.5% of US for early puberty as compared to peers with normal BMI youth between the ages of 2 and 19 years being classified as throughout childhood; however, those who were persistently obese according the Centers for Disease Control.1 In addition, overweight carried the highest risk for early puberty. Also, 15% of obesity has been shown in numerous studies to be associated the variance in timing for pubertal progression could be explained with an early onset of puberty. by a combined genetic score, sleep quality, and fat-free mass in The impact of adiposity on reproductive function has been long the persistently overweight group. The body composition was known. Dr. Rose Frisch in her manuscript in Science in 1974 measured by electrical impedance; while good for large popula- demonstrated that a threshold of 17% body fat was required for tion studies, it is not as sensitive as dual-energy X-ray absorptio- menstruation in mature females.2 Adequate fat stores would metric measurements, which could be a limitation of these indicate that sufficient food was available to provide support for a associations.10 As fat-free mass is the combination of lean mass 1234567890();,: growing fetus as well as support health of the mother during and bone, the association of puberty progression with fat-free pregnancy.
    [Show full text]
  • University Micrcxilms International 300 N
    THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE IN THE WEST AFRICAN SAVANNA: A VILLAGE IN NORTHEAST GHANA Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Cleveland, David A. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 00:58:19 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/281901 INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame.
    [Show full text]
  • Obesity in Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Effects
    medigraphic Artemisaen línea Janet C. King and E. Casanueva Perinatol Reprod Hum 2007; 21: 210-217 Obesity in Pregnancy: Maternal and neonatal effects JANET C. KING,a ESTHER CASANUEVAb ABSTRACT In the 21st Century, obesity has become a world-wide epidemic. In Mexico, about 75% of non-pregnant women of reproductive age (between 20-49 years of age) are overweight or obese (body mass index > 25). In the USA, over 60% are overweight or obese. Overweight and obese women are more likely to gain excessively during pregnancy, and they are more likely to maintain excess weight after delivery. This weight gain also has implications for the child’s future risk of being overweight. In this paper, we will review the impact of maternal adiposity on reproduction, the effect of obesity on maternal metabolism and complications in pregnancy, the short and long-term effects on the infant, and potential interventions for alleviating poor outcomes. KEY WORDS: Overweight, obesity, pregnancy, adiposity. INTRODUCTION word leptos, meaning thin) concentration diminishes Overweight and obese women are more likely to in animals receiving an hypoenergetic diet. This de- gain excessively during pregnancy, and they are more crease induces neuroendocrine changes that affect likely to maintain excess weight after delivery.1 This reproductive performance. When leptin is injected weight gain also has implications for the child’s future into these animals and they recover their fat depots, risk of being overweight.2 neuronedocrine and reproductive changes are quickly reverted.3 Actually, body fat is an important modula- IMPORTANCE OF MATERNAL BODY tor of reproductive performance. It has been re- FAT FOR REPRODUCTION ported that after stratifying women by Body Mass In 1980, Rose Frisch hypothesized that a minimum Index (BMI), the highest reproductive efficiency is amount of body fat is necessary for the appearance of found in those with a BMI between 20 and 25 while menarche.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley Berkeley Undergraduate Journal
    UC Berkeley Berkeley Undergraduate Journal Title Hey Fatty Boom Boom! Fat and Fit in the Uper Palaeolithic Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/09z0s3k3 Journal Berkeley Undergraduate Journal, 26(3) ISSN 1099-5331 Author Ubick, Suzanne Publication Date 2013 DOI 10.5070/B3263024768 Peer reviewed|Undergraduate eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California PALEOLITHIC FAT, PROBIOTICS, AND THE CORNER STORE unifying aspect of these three research projects is how they demonstrate the contemporary role inquiry plays in the development of the human species. At the junction of human heath and market systems, Alina Enoiu investigates measures to effectively advance beyond Aa period where food insecurity plagues areas, like in West Oakland, where only 1 supermarket ex- ists compared to 32 emergency food distribution sites. A hope within this dismal food distribution system is the “healthy corner store movement.” Alina examines the role government has played in advancing this movement by comparing the effects of the Food Stamps “WIC” program with a more case-specific assistance measure related to partially subsidizing the cost of a corner store’s healthy renovations. This data is then applied to support an insightful public health suggestion for swaying the economy of food deserts toward healthier purchasing patterns. While Alina’s insights fundamentally challenge the assumptions of neoliberal market policies, Allison Yates explores how probiotics, a profoundly valuable and abundant contribution to human health, can adopt new meaning tailored to benefit the private sphere. She discovers how different narratives used to form the commodity’s market position perpetuate issues like colonialism and racism.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF of Schepp Connections 17, 2015
    SCHEPP CONNECTIONS LEOPOLD SCHEPP FOUNDATION FOUNDED IN 1925 VOLUME 1, NUMBER 17, 2015 ON THE COVER Daniel Quirk “Reciprocation” Watercolor, 11’’x14’’ CONTENTS HOW A LITTLE FAITH IN ME CHANGED MY LIfe 2 By Dean Cycon, Schepp Scholar 1979 - 1980 Founder and CEO, Dean’s Beans Organic Coffee Company IN MEMORY OF ROSE EPSTEIN FRISCH, SCHEPP SCHOLAR, 1937-1940 6 By Henry J. Frisch, her son TOCANDO LA LUZ (TOUCH THE LIGHT) 10 By Jennifer Redfearn, Schepp Scholar, 2001 - 2006 MEET TRUSTEE JAMES TURINO, TRUSTEE, 1993 – Present 14 By Bruno A. Quinson ABOUT THE ArtIST 18 Kim Beck, Schepp Scholar, 1998-99 PUBLIC INTEREST LAW: WHAT IT MEANS AND WHY WE NEED It 19 By Megan Pierce, Schepp Scholar 2006-2009, 2013-2016 HOW PATIENTS AND CAREGIVERS TEACH MEDICAL PROFESSIONAls 24 By Sidney P. Kadish MD, Schepp Scholar 1963-1967 CELEBRATING THE LIFE OF A DEVOTED MEMBER 26 OF THE SCHEPP FAMILY Sue Dawson, Trustee, 1981 – 2014 By Barbara McLendon, President, Schepp Foundation REMEMBERING A DEDICATED AND BELOVED MEMBER 28 OF THE FOUNDATION FAMILY William Gridley, Trustee, 1999-2014 IT’S ALL ABOUT THE JOURNEY 30 By Eran Sykes, Schepp Scholar 2012 - 2014 AN EXTRAORDINARY MENTOR Remembered 32 Curt Beck, Schepp Scholar, 1950 - 1954 HOW A LITTLE FAITH IN ME CHANGED MY LIFE By Dean Cycon, Schepp Scholar 1979 - 1980 Founder and CEO, Dean’s Beans Organic Coffee Company Sitting in a circle of indigenous coffee farmers in the highlands of Papua-New Guinea talking about how respecting women can lead to greater opportunity for themselves and their families can be a tough sell.
    [Show full text]
  • Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Amenorrhoea: Perceiving the Metabolic Costs
    Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Infertility, edited by J. Dobbing. Nestle Nutrition, Vevey/ Raven Press, New York © 1985. Maternal Nutrition and Lactational Amenorrhoea: Perceiving the Metabolic Costs Rose E. Frisch Harvard Center for Population Studies, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 The disruptive effects of undernutrition and intensive physical work on female reproductive ability are well documented. Undernutrition and weight loss delay menarche and cause cessation of already established ovulatory cycles (1—3). High- energy outputs also affect menstrual periodicity and the onset of menarche. Studies of ballet dancers (4,5) and women athletes (6-8) show that training at young ages before menarche delays menarche and that dancers and athletes have a high inci- dence of irregular cycles and amenorrhoea. The delay of menarche can be as much as 0.4 year (5 months) for every year of training (6). Some athletes and dancers had menarche as late as ages 19, 20, and 21 years (4-6). These disruptive effects of undernutrition and intensive exercise on female reproductive ability are reversible with weight gain (1,3,9,10) and/or cessation or reduction of physical activity after varying periods of time (5,6). The endocrinological basis for these findings is now also well documented. Studies of pituitary response to exogenous luteinizing hormone (LHRH) show that there is hypothalamic dysfunction associated with weight loss in the range of 10% to 15% of normal weight for height, as well as with the more extreme weight loss (30%) associated with anorexia nervosa (2,9). The degree of hypothalamic dys- function is directly related to the amount of weight loss (2,9).
    [Show full text]
  • The Oldest Vocation Christian Motherhood in the Middle Ages
    The Oldest Vocation In this late fifteenth-century wood carving, St. Anne holds the Virgin Mary on her knee, while Mary-herself a childlike figure-holds the Christ Child. From the Munster Landesmuseum fur Kunst and Kulturgeschichte. Photo courtesy of Marburg /Art Resource The Oldest Vocation Christian Motherhood in the Middle Ages Clarissa W. Atkinson Cornell University Press ITHACA AND LONDON Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Copyright © 1991 by Cornell University First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 1994 Second paperback printing 2019 The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. To use this book, or parts of this book, in any way not covered by the license, please contact Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. Visit our website at cornellpress.cornell.edu. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-8014-2071-9 (cloth: alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-5017-4088-6 (pbk.: alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-5017-4089-3 (pdf) ISBN 978-1-5017-4090-9 (epub/mobi) Librarians: A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Cover illustration: Saint Margaret of Antioch, protector of women in childbirth. Images de la Vie du Christ et des Saints. MsNAF 16251 (BN). Courtesy of the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. For Holley, Meg, and Matthew Contents Preface [ ix] Abbreviations [xi] 1. Christian Motherhood: "Who Is My Mother?" [1] 2.
    [Show full text]