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Download Issue . - WILSON- 7.- - QUARTERLY WINTER ILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SC Director, James H. Billington Deputy Director, George R. Packard Editor: Peter Braestrup Managing Editor: Anna Marie Torres Associate Editor (Periodicals): Philip S. Cook Associate Editor (Essays): Cullen Murphy Associate Editor (Books): Lois Decker O'Neill Contributing Editors: Michael Glennon, Clover Holcomb, Gustav Magrinat, Joseph S. Murchison, Stuart Rohrer, Raphael Sagalyn, Carol Simons, Jane Spivak, Winfield Swanson Copy Editor: Bradley B. Rymph Production Assistant: Nancy B. Joyner Administrative Assistants: Melanie Davis, James Gregory Sherr Editorial Secretary: Mona Ruoff Production Typists: Cynthia Kitely, Lubov Koump, Jacqueline Levine Research Assistants: Susan Condon, Maureen Cooney, Jill Feltheimer, Mary McNeil, Martin Miszerak, Dena J. Pearson, John P. Scott, Chiyoko Tada Librarian: Zdenek David Art Director: Elizabeth Dixon Business Manager: William M. Dunn Circulation Coordinator: William H. Mello Editorial Advisers: Prosser Gifford, A. E. Dick Howard, Abraham Lowenthal, Richard Seamon, S. Frederick Starr, Samuel F. Wells, Jr. Published in January, April, July, and October by the Woodrow Wilson Interna- tional Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Inst~tutionBuilding, Washington, D.C. 20560. Copyright @ 1979 by the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. THE WILSON QUARTERLY isa registered trademark. Subscriptions: one year, $12; two years, $21; three years, $30. Foreign subscriptions: one year, 114; two years, $25; three years, $36. Foreign subscriptions airmail: one year, S24; two years, 845; three years, 866. Lifetimesubscription (domesticonly):S150. Single copies and back issues mailed upon request: $4; outside U.S. and pos- sessions, $6.50. Second-class postage aid at Washington, D.C., and additional mailingoff ces. ~ditoria1offices:~mithsonianInstit~ition Building, Washington, D.C. 20560. All unsolicited manuscripts should be accompanied by a self- addressed stamped envelope. Send chan es of address and all subscription corre- spondence with mailing label to subscriber service, The Wilson Quarterly, P.O. Box 2956, Boulder, Co. 80322. Advertising Representative: National Mediarep Corp., 76 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016. Contact: Harvey Oshinsky. VOL. I11 NO. 1 BOARD OF TRUSTEES William J. Baroody, Chairman Paul W. McCracken, Vice Chairman James A. Baker I11 Daniel J. Boorstin Robert H. Bork Joseph A. Califano Joseph D. Duffey Stuart E. Eizenstat Bryce N. Harlow A. James Reichley John E. Reinhardt James B. Rhoads S. Dillon Ripley Cyrus R. Vance Rawleigh Warner, Jr. THE WILSON QUARTERLY INTER 9-79 page 14 Editor's Comment 15 PERIODICALS 52 Research Reports SAUDI ARABIA 59 A Tale of Two Houses bv Williain A. Rush 7 3 Foreign Policy: The View from Riyadh by Jolm Duke Ant/zonv 83 Saudi Oil Policy by David E. Long 92 Background Books 96 ETHNICITY: Three Black Histories Tho171(2S Soi'Vell 107 EINSTEIN AND NEWTON: Two Legacies 12) Paul Formai7 114 On Newton (1 927) b?)Albert Einstein ARCHITECTURE TODAY 121 The Modern Movement: What Went Wrong? 12v Peier Blake Hawks, Doves, and Flights of Fancy 1211 Revnu Banham 135 The Future's Past bv Rem KoolJmas 141 Background Books 144 CURRENT BOOKS PERSPECTIVES The Quiet Trade: Russian Art and American Money Robert C. Williams REFLECTIONS William Shakespeare, Gentleman by S. Sc/7c)enl~cz~oii 190 IS^\ I ' t VOLUME 111 NUMBER 1 EUROCOMMUNISM: The Italian Case Edited by Austin Ranney and Giovanni Sartori This collection of papers analyzes the present political situation in Italy as a case study of problems confronting not only Italy but other Western European nations and the United States as well. The book, based on a conference by the American Enterprise Institute and the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, con- tains sections on the opening to the left of the 1960's, the Italian Communist party, current Italian politics, and the future and its implications for U.S. policy. 196 pages/$4.75, paper/$10. 75, cloth INDIA AT THE POLLS: The Parliamentary Elections of 1977 By Myron Weiner The author gives a firsthand account of the campaign leading to the historic defeat of Indira Gandhi's Congress party government after almost two years of authoritarian rule. Reacting against the suppression of political life during the national emergency, the opposition leaders, most of them newly released from jail, united to form the Janata party and campaigned on the single issue of restoring democracy. Weiner also assesses the effects of recent developments on the party system. 150 pages/$3.75 IRELAND AT THE POLLS: The Dail Elections of 1977 Edited by Howard R. Penniman This book describes and analyzes the national elections in which the Irish voters gave Fianna ail a surprising victory of record proportions, including the largest pop- ular vote and the greatest number of ~hilseats ever won by a single party in Ireland's history. The authors of all the chapters - Basil Chubb, Brian Farrell, Maurice Manning, and Richard Sinnott - are experts on Ireland's government and politics teaching at Irish universities. Richard Scammon provided the electoral data in the appendix. 199 pages/$4.75 Circlethe titles you'd like and send this to: Name Address American Enterprise Institute pity Department 675 1150 Seventeenth Street, N.W. state Zip Washington, D.C. 20036 Payment must accompany orders under $10. 1 Some of his tidings are startling. They overturn much conventional wisdoin, and show hovi different cultures approach the mazes of our economic system dilTerentIy-each ol' them solving them in its own fashion . This is a hopeful book. Our economic system turns out to be as pluralistic as our political and cultural ~~stern.99 Michael Novak 66 Why do different ethnic and racial groups in America show different patterns of economic achievement? I know of no other book which goes into this question with the same depth of research and insight. It is invaluable not only for understand in^ the pattern of achievement, but as a basis for developing and judging policies that attempt to r.aisi- ,% minority-group income and occupational attainment.?? Nathan Glazer 66~owc11brings the discussion of racial issues-which, with good cause, so preoccupy us-into a wider historical and comparative context. The experience of Black Americans is seen. at least in some important aspects, as the experience of one of many ethnic groups striving for identity and advancement in our plural society. It is an approach which yields a richness of insight-with respect both to what has been accomplished and to the problems and injustices that remain before us. It is. in short. an invaluable contribution to a complex and ongoing national debate. 99 Sen. Daniel Moyiiilian $15 cloth. 415 pages $7.50 paperback (Essays only), 254 pages The Urban Institute with the assistance 2100 M St., N.W. of Lynn D. Collins Washington, D.C. 20037 0 $15 cloth D $7.50 paperback (Orders must be prepaid, plus 5% for postage and $1.50 for handling.) Name Address We cannot, for the life of us, understand why so scale-or just make a credible threat to stop-that many liberals in this country are so hostile to pri- company's management tends to listen, and listen vate business, when in our opinion they should be attentively. But if you think government isanywhere 'working with business to achieve what should be near as responsive, just recall your last encounter their basic objectives. with your City Hall, or your maddening corre- spondence with a government agency. Liberals have been among the prime movers in the enactment of much of this country s social Government can become so pervasive that legislation-Aid to Dependent Children, Social Se- it becomes virtually impossible for the citizenry to curity, housing for the poor and the elderly, school turn it around and change itscourse, indeed, ours lunches, and other programs All of these pro- may already have become so. But it's doubtful that grams have to be financed by revenues derived business could ever get so big or so unresponsive, mainly from taxes on individual and corporate in- because it is subject to reaction in the marketplace come and to public opinion generally, and to legislation that can curb an entire industry overnight. The greater these incomes-which is to say, the more prosperous American business is-the What should be a tip-off to any thinking lib- greater the tax revenues. When incomes drop, as eral is that an anti-business posture, complete with in a recession, so do tax revenues. Social pro- the cliches that too often substitute for thinking, is grams then have to be reduced accordingly or mandatory in many liberal circles and is not to be supported by deficit financing, which over any ex- subjected to rigorous intellectual examination. It is tended period means inflation For the poor and for a knee-jerk reaction, arising largely from condi- people living on fixed incomes, inflation is the tions that ceased to exist many years ago and to cruelest tyranny of all some that never existed at all. It therefore would seem to us that in all logic Lionel Trilling wrote: "It has for some time liberals should be as pro-business as they are pro- seemed to me that a criticism which has at heart social progress. And we believe many more of the interest of liberalism might find its most useful them would be \\ it were not so fashionable intel- work not in confirming liberalism in its sense of lectually to be part of the "trendy left." Too many of self-righteousness but rather in putting under them respond unthinkingly tosocial and academic some degree of pressure the liberal ideas and as- pressures rather than engaging in clear, indepen- sumptions of the times."(The Liberal Imagination: dent analysis. Essays on Literature and Society, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1976.) Part of the problem appears to be snobbery, pure and simple To many of what might be called We find puzzling the extent to which liberals the professional liberals, business-indeed, our often seem impelled to weaken the economic whole industrial society-is impossibly vulgar.
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