2010 ANNUAL REPORT
10, avenue Percier 75008 Paris Tél. : 01 53 42 63 10 Fax : 01 53 42 63 11 www.fondationshoah.org EDITORIAL
he Foundation for major Jewish institutions the Memory of the over the years, to meet our Shoah, a unique community’s needs for institution given memory, solidarity, T the origin of its endowment transmission and eff orts and its status overlapping civil to fi ght anti-Semitism. society, government and Jewish institutions, is now Having been involved in the ten years old. This year’s creation of the Foundation report is intended to present for the Memory of the Shoah the principles that have from the beginning, I can guided our initiatives in the gauge all that it has achieved Foundation’s various spheres on both a human and of activity throughout the a fi nancial level. past decade. We can’t mention the more The report therefore than 2,000 projects supported includes a major section by the Foundation since its covering the Foundation’s creation. Yet I would like accomplishments under to thank all the project the presidency of Simone Veil, initiators we had the honor who immediately conferred of supporting, along with an eminent stature to our the experts and eminent institution and for whom we members of the committee aim to be worthy. who donated their time to us, We have, of course, included as well as the Foundation’s the Shoah Memorial, staff members for the crucial which would surely have work they have accomplished been developed without our over ten years to help Shoah participation, but probably survivors, keep alive the not as quickly nor as memory of those who were ambitiously. We are proud killed, pursue research of its success, even in the history of the Shoah though challenges remain, and strengthen Judaism starting with the upcoming for the future. inauguration of the Center of History and Memory in David de Rothschild, Drancy, on the symbolic President of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah French site where Jews were interned prior to deportation and death. We are happy to have been able to provide funds to
1 A responsibility to past, present and future generations
en years after information to younger its creation, the generations; and, above all, Foundation for help survivors in need. the Memory of the We would be unable to T Shoah is a solid institution, achieve these tasks without with a well-defi ned role project initiators. and clear organization. We want to continue helping In terms of our role, it is them, in the same spirit a discreet one. We do not of dialogue and open want to take the place communication that we of institutions and project have maintained throughout initiators which have the Foundation’s entire demonstrated experience existence. We strive to and proven skills. In terms encourage a diversity of of organization, which I hope opinions, while working is effi cient, there is a healthy toward a consensus, based governance, based on a on our principles of collegial small staff —though I am cooperation and concern happy to say it expanded for public interest. in 2010 with the arrival of We have a duty to ensure Gabrielle Rochmann, that our activities are Deputy Director, and perpetuated for future Judith Cytrynowicz, Program generations. We are Associate for the Memory and committed to total Transmission Committee. transparency concerning They have already contributed all our procedures, while a great deal. remaining vigilant, so that we We are all aware of the never fall into a routine, importance of our mission, bureaucracy or complacency. and of our responsibility This will make the ten years to all the Jews assassinated ahead of us as rich and as signifi cant as the decade by the Nazis during World behind us has been. War II. It is incumbent upon us to perpetuate their memory Philippe Allouche, and transmit their culture; Executive Director of pursue research into all the the Foundation for the various aspects of the history Memory of the Shoah of the Shoah; transmit this
2 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah
The endowment for the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah came from the restitution by the government and certain fi nancial institu- tions of dormant accounts from expropriated Jews living in France. With the funds generated from this endowment, the Foundation subsidizes the Shoah Memorial in Paris; supports projects bearing on research and the history of the Shoah; provides assistance to survivors in need; and encourages the transmission of Jewish culture.
3 An independent and public-benefi t foundation
Projects submitted to the The Financial Committee Foundation are evaluated by manages the endowment’s fi ve committees made up of investment strategy, provides volunteer volunteer experts: an opinion on the largest Solidarity, Memory and projects and oversees the proper Transmission, History of anti- use of its revenues. Semitism and the Shoah, Shoah Education, and Jewish Culture. Key fi gures
Projects recommended by Since its creation, the Foundation the committees are submitted for the Memory of the Shoah has to the Foundation’s Executive fi nanced more than 2,000 projects. Board, then to the Board In 2010, more than €13.5 million of Directors. were allocated to 245 projects.
Evolution in the number of projects handled by the Foundation
Projects accepted Projects rejected or not followed up
267 218 245
150 95 80
2008: 417 2009: 313 2010: 325
4 Permanent support for the Shoah Memorial
The Foundation covers Center of History and Memory more than 80 percent in Drancy, the major internment of the Shoah Memorial’s camp from which Jews were operating budget. In 2010, deported to Auschwitz. this funding represented more than €7 million. Key fi gures Additional funding went to other projects, including trips This year, the share of funding to Auschwitz for teachers for the Shoah Memorial represents and high school students. approximately 35 percent of the fi nancing granted by the Foundation The Foundation is also for the Memory of the Shoah committed to fi nancing the (excluding specifi c projects). construction of the future
Evolution of funding granted by the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah (in euros )
Funding for the Shoah Memorial operating budget
Funding for projects
13 817 535 7 738 917 9 191 849 7 183 020 13 518 371 7 211 620 64 % 36 % 56 % 44 % 65 % 35 %
2008: €21,556,452 2009: €16,374,869 2010: €20,729,991
5 Key fi gures for 2010 Budget for projects: €13.5 million
Distribution of funds per committee
Solidarity Shoah €4,104,833 Education €1,141,448
History of Jewish anti-Semitism 13 518 371 Culture* and the Shoah euros €2,945,700 €1,118,706
Memory and Others Transmission €1,435,400 €2,772,284
Distribution of projects per committee
Solidarity Shoah 19 projects Education 60 projects
History of Jewish anti-Semitism 245 Culture* and the Shoah projects 57 projects 52 projects
Memory and Others Transmission 6 projects 51 projects
*Including the FMS’s share in projects fi nanced by the Gordin Foundation
6 Solidarity with Shoah survivors, Funding for the History of dispensed through Jewish anti-Semitism and the Shoah institutions, receives the largest Committee also increased this share of the Foundation’s budget. year, to pursue and complete In two years, the FMS tripled the digitization of regional the budget earmarked for the archives, a major program run “emergency fund,” which it by the Shoah Memorial. fi nances in entirety. This fund, run by the United Jewish Social Fund, The activity of the Shoah provides for urgent and unplanned Education Committee remained expenses for survivors in need. stable, with funding for numerous trips to sites of memory and Funding for the Memory and innovative educational projects. Transmission Committee increased by 50 percent from Nearly the entire 2010 budget 2009 to 2010. In addition to for the Jewish Culture the signifi cant funds slated for Committee went toward Yad Vashem, notably to help fi nancing real-estate projects, gather the names of assassinated notably the inauguration of Jews from Hungary and Poland, the new premises of the Paris the year was marked by support Yiddish Center. In terms of school for the primary sites of memory in buildings, the Foundation, France, with preparations to open through the Gordin Foundation, the new CERCIL headquarters participated in the expansion in Orléans and additional support of the Maïmonide Rambam for the Camp des Milles Memorial. school in Boulogne and the The Foundation also provided renovation of the Beth Rivka funding for the preservation of school in Yerres. Birkenau, via the Auschwitz- Birkenau Foundation.
Partnerships and social institutions acting on behalf of Shoah victims, and fostering pro- with major Jewish grams that make Judaism more acces- organizations sible through quality Jewish education. The agreement with the CRIF, renewed As part of its long-term projects, the in 2009, concerns the struggle against FMS supports the three major federa- anti-Semitism, and the promotion of ting institutions for French Judaism: activities about the memory of the the Unified Jewish Social Fund Shoah at the regional level. Finally, the (FSJU), the Representative Council of agreement concluded with the Consis- Jewish Institutions in France (CRIF) toire concerns education, with the and the Consistoire. The agreement development of programs for young with the FSJU is two-fold: setting up people, and the modernization of rab- services of mutual interest for medical binical educational training.
7 Organization of the Foundation
Honorary President François Bernard Members of the Representative Simone Veil Conseiller d’État, of the college of Council of Jewish Ministry of Justice representatives Institutions in France EXECUTIVE BOARD and Liberties from Jewish (CRIF) President Norbert Engel institutions in Éric de Rothschild David de Rothschild Inspector for France President of the Vice president the administration Pierre Besnainou Shoah Memorial Serge Klarsfeld of Cultural Affairs, President of the Paul Schaffer Ministry of Treasurer United Jewish Social Honorary president of Culture and Roger Cukierman Fund (FSJU) the French Committee Communications (replaced Roger Cukierman for Yad Vashem Jean-François Pierre Lubek Honorary president Marc Eisenberg Guthmann Financial inspector, of the Representative President in April 2010) Ministry of the Council of Jewish of the Alliance Secretary Economy, Industry Institutions in France Israélite Universelle Alice Tajchman and Employment (CRIF) Members Members of the Alice Tajchman Raphaël Esrail of the college Executive Board University lecturer, President of the of qualified Claude Lanzmann, Ministry of Auschwitz Survivors’ personalities Paul Schaffer Education, Youth Union-France Claire Andrieu (replaced and Sport Jean-François Historian Éric de Rothschild Laurent Touvet Guthmann in April 2010) Raphaël Hadas-Lebel Conseiller d’État, President Conseiller d’État Ministry of the of the Society for Interior, of Overseas Simone BOARD Rescuing Children Territories and Halberstadt Harari OF DIRECTORS (OSE) Immigration Producer Serge Klarsfeld Honorary member Isabelle Yéni President of the David Kessler Professeur Ady Steg Inspector of Social Association of Conseiller d’État, Affairs, Ministry Members Sons and Daughters Director of of Labor, Social of the college of Jews Deported publications Relations, Family of representatives from France Claude Lanzmann and Solidarity from public (FFDJF) Filmmaker, writer authorities Joseph Zimet Joël Mergui Samuel Pisar Assistant director President of the Lawyer Jacques Andréani of Memory, Heritage Central Consistoire French ambassador, and Archives, Ministry David de Rothschild Ministry of European of Defense and Richard Prasquier President and Foreign Affairs Veteran Affairs President of Rothschild & Cie
ADMINISTRATION Program Associates Philippe Weyl Régine Socquet “Testimonies History of Executive David Amar of the Shoah” series anti-Semitism Director Solidarity and the Shoah, Philippe Allouche Assistants Isabelle de Castelbajac Memory and Jewish Culture Executive Deputy Yanique Mervius Transmission Director, Judith Cytrynowicz Administration, Gladys Sroussi administration Memory Shoah Education Jewish Culture and fi nances and Transmission Audrey Rouah Jean-Luc Landier, Rachel Rimmer Administration, (2001-2010) Pierre Marquis Logistics, Deputy Director Communication External relations, Solidarity Gabrielle Rochmann Dominique Trimbur (since History of anti-Semitism Joëlle Sebbah September 2010) and the Shoah Accounts
8 Tenth anniversary of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
9 The creation of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah
The Foundation was created as part of a major initia- tive by the French government for the recognition and reparation of an unprecedented crime: the arrest, internment and deportation from France to the Nazi camps of 76,000 people, including 11,000 children— for the sole reason that they were Jewish or judged to be Jewish.
10 This offi cial recognition occurred The Foundation for the Memory of in 1995, after years of political the Shoah was created by a decree activism by memory associations; dated December 26, 2000. it ushered in new initiatives in terms of reparations. Benchmarks
A study mission on the despoliation Presidents of the Foundation of Jews was formed in 1997, for the Memory of the Shoah TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH chaired by Jean Mattéoli, president Simone Veil from 2000 to 2007 David de Rothschild since February 2007 of the Fondation de la Résistance and a former minister. Its report Executive Directors of the Foundation off ered several proposals, which for the Memory of the Shoah the government adopted between Pierre Saragoussi from 2001 to 2003 1999 and 2000: Anne-Marie Revcolevschi from 2003 to 2009 > Creation of a Commission for the Philippe Allouche since September 2009 Compensation of the Victims of Spoliation (CIVS), which handles individual compensation requests from the victims (or heirs) of expropriation
> Attribution of reparations for orphans whose parents were victims of anti-Semitic persecution
> Creation of a Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, funded from unclaimed expropriated Jewish property.
11 Words from the founders
Ady Steg mann, president of the Amitié Judéo- Secure the future Chrétienne of France, says, an “injunc- tion of a spiritual nature” to never cease of the Jewish people eff orts to transmit the memory of this absolute horror, the Shoah, which has A few of us working on the Mattéoli marked our people forever. This foun- Mission, notably Serge Klarsfeld, dation also works to ease the wounds Annette Wieviorka and Claire Andrieu, and aftermath of the Shoah, to expressed our desire for the creation construct a rampart against forgetting of a large foundation, called the Foun- and to support a vibrant future for dation for the Memory of the Shoah. Judaism in France. It would bear witness to this incon- ceivable, unspeakable “thing” that en gulfed the Jews during World War II. For all of us who are among “those Ady Steg is honorary president who came after,” it embodies the com- of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, mandment Zakhor, ”Remember,” writ- honorary member of the Board ten in the Torah. It is not merely a moral of Directors of the Foundation for prescript, but, as Pastor Florence Taub- the Memory of the Shoah.
12 such as that of Father Desbois in the Serge Klarsfeld Ukraine and in the Baltic countries, We have created a base which has added to our knowledge of the massacres committed by the You are among those working Einsatzgruppen. on the Mattéoli Mission to recommend the creation In what areas can the Foundation of a foundation. Would you say improve? today that the Foundation for In my opinion, there is still much to be the Memory of the Shoah has done for the orphans of the Shoah, fulfi lled your expectations? those who lost their parents when Overall, the Foundation has per- they were still children, still com- formed its duty well for ten years. It is pletely vulnerable—some of whom not a foundation created on the initia- have never managed to reconstruct tive of a few people, but rather from a their lives. Today, the “children of the collective will, which is by nature more Shoah” are over 70 years old, and now diffi cult to implement and orchestrate. is the time we must help them, facili- The Foundation has available funds tate access to health care, assist that were not able to be returned to those in financial difficulty, provide Jewish families who were entirely them with our support. wiped out; as a result, it must be A study currently being carried out extremely rigorous in its choices and by the Foundation should provide a its benefi ciaries. more targeted response to this group It was hard to build an organization of people. from the ground up, and I think that TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH today, we are fortunate to have a What do you think has changed foundation that functions well, and in ten years with respect to which covers a very wide range of ini- the way we approach history tiatives. and the memory of the Shoah? What role has the Foundation What are the Foundation’s played in these changes? greatest successes? The Foundation got involved at a time The Shoah Memorial is the keystone when the media had co-opted the in the structure we have built with the memory of the Shoah and World War II. creation of the Foundation. The There was a kind of fascination for this Memorial existed, yet it did not have dire “scenario” written by the Nazis to the status it enjoys today; it should annihilate all the Jews of Europe. The still be expanded internationally to Foundation’s aim is to keep the essen- become a reference center, like Yad tial aspects in the forefront, to perpe- Vashem or the Holocaust Museum in tuate the lives and memories of those Washington, D.C. who were killed, to remind us that this The Foundation recently approved a persecution occurred in France, to plan to support the Shoah Memorial, teach younger generations to learn the so that it can catalogue and optimize lessons of the past and always to use of its exceptional archives. In defend the values of human dignity. addition to the Memorial, we have Most of our current sites of memory also accomplished great projects, (Drancy, Les Milles, the CERCIL in
13 Orléans) aspire to this goal by hosting what was done to the Jews in terms school groups and inspiring them to of persecution, but also in terms of the think, at a time when young people are help provided by the massive number raising the questions that will form of French who, once women and their future identities (notably in children started to be deported in middle school). The same holds true large numbers, helped the Jews. for the school trips to Auschwitz- Birkenau, which have expanded Does the future of memory involve consid erably in recent years and espe- an institutionalization? cially target young people. Yes, I think so. We, as militants of Many fi lms, particularly feature fi lms, memory, have done the groundwork at are produced without the support of every level, notably by collecting the Foundation, but we participate names, photographs, documents, actively in the production of docu- fi rst-hand accounts. We now have to mentaries, most of which would not accept to transmit this heritage, have been possible without our fi nan- because we are not eternal, and the cial assistance and scientifi c support. purpose of institutions like the Shoah We are also witnessing a proliferation Memorial is to perpetuate this of scientifi c research on the Shoah, memory. notably in the form of theses—which Serge Klarsfeld is vice president are not, of course, of the same quality. of the Foundation for the Memory We aim to support those we view of the Shoah, president of the as most promising, but in my opinion, Association of Sons and Daughters we lack systematic efforts in each of Jewish Deportees from France département of France to fi nalize the inventory of what happened locally,
14 The activities of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah
The tenth anniversary of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah is an opportunity to highlight the Foundation’s activities over the past decade and its success in accomplishing its statutory missions. TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
15 tion statutes. Given the origins of the Roch-Olivier endowment, the founders agreed to Maistre have a representatives from the government and from Jewish institu- A singular institution tions on the Foundation’s Board of on a European level Directors, and to work with the most qualifi ed people on both sides. It see- How and when did you med wise to have a magistrate from learn about the existence the Court contribute to good fi nancial of the Foundation? governance of the Foundation. From day one, if I may say so. I had, of course, heard the words of the Presi- For you, what is most important dent of the Republic at the time during in the Foundation’s activities his Vél d’Hiv speech in 1995, in which with the Shoah Memorial? he acknowledged France’s respon- I feel that the preservation of memory sibility, but above all, through my is the core of the Foundation’s activi- various functions, I was able to follow ties, naturally with the assistance of all the work leading up to the creation survivors. It’s striking to see just of the Foundation for the Memory of quickly how a person’s memory erodes, the Shoah and the Committee for the just how fragile this memory is today. Compensation of the Victims of Spo- I come from a generation that did not liation. From 2000 to 2005, I was in know war, but I grew up with the work charge of contacts with the Jewish of Serge Klarsfeld, the major trials. The community as a member of the cabi- Shoah was part of my education; with net of the French president. younger generations, I feel that this memory is more distant, and that pre- Why did you accept a personal serving it is now an everyday battle commitment to the Foundation? and a major responsibility. I have always been particularly attuned to the Shoah, a major event What does the Foundation in the history of humanity that raises have that other institutions crucial questions for all of us. When or organizations do not? Philippe Séguin, then president of the First of all, it has no equivalent in French Court of Audit, was looking for Europe, given its scope, its activities a magistrate to replace Daniel Houri to and the size of its endowment. And yet chair the Foundation’s Financial Com- it remains remarkably discreet, always mittee, my name was passed around, favoring the interest at large and main- because I knew the issues well and I taining its avowed neutrality. was well qualifi ed. It was an honor for Furthermore, it includes people with me, but it also gave me the opportu- multiple skills and expertise, which nity to achieve a longstanding and encourages dialogue between dif- heartfelt commitment. ferent mindsets. Within the Financial Committee, for example, we have Why a magistrate from the Court high-ranking bankers and people from of Audit to chair the Financial other sectors who provide their view- Committee? points; all of them share a sincere com- Because it is stipulated in the Founda- mitment to the Foundation’s missions.
16 What are the responsibilities How do you view the future of the Financial Committee? for the Foundation? On the one hand, the Financial Com- We feel that we are constructing mittee oversees the endowment to something solid. The Foundation for safeguard the available resources and the Memory of the Shoah has become provide for the Foundation’s long- a vital institution with an exemplary term initiatives. On the other, it moni- president and governance. It draws on tors the good governance of the a highly professional staff that is sup- Foundation, the results and the ways ported by the best experts, and all the to maintain equilibrium within the people gravitating around the Founda- institution. tion are highly committed. We can face the future with confi dence and the- What input does the Financial reby preserve the memory of the Committee have on projects? Shoah in the long term. The Financial Committee does not aim to replace the thematic commit- Roch-Olivier Maistre is premier avocat tees; it only gets involved in large- général for the French Court of Audit, scale projects, giving an opinion on president of the Financial Committee whether a certain project is balanced for the Foundation for the Memory and compatible with our resources, of the Shoah and suggesting a few principles of careful management. Overall, it is rather supportive, but will also sound the alarm for certain projects, notably those that stray toward the limits of TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH our statutes. Concerning school real estate, for example, we recommended that a dedicated foundation be created under the auspices of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, to best manage a demand that we must address.
What is your overall assessment of endowment management after ten years? Very positive, as we have been able to pursue a cautious, yet dynamic mana- gement strategy so that, with the exception of the financial crisis in 2008, we have had income of approxi- mately €20 million per year, and pro- vided €150 million to fund projects over ten years. Yet we must remain vigilant given that requests are increasing more rapidly than our resources are.
17 The development of the Shoah Memorial
Support and assistance of the history of the Shoah to to the Shoah Memorial has been schoolchildren. Finally, it has a priority since the creation of established partnerships on the Foundation for the Memory an international level as well as of the Shoah. with regional authorities to promote its initiatives and off er educational The Center of Contemporary services and traveling exhibitions. Jewish Documentation was created Agreements were signed recently in 1943, during World War II, on with the Edmond J. Safra the initiative of Isaac Schneersohn, Foundation and the SNCF to who was also the impetus for develop educational activities, and the construction of the Memorial with the Ministry of Defense to to the Unknown Jewish Martyr in provide management-level training. 1956. This Center received The Shoah Memorial is supported additional funding once the FMS by reliable partners and has thereby was created, and in 2005, it became diversifi ed both its activities and known as the Shoah Memorial. With sources of funding. the Wall of Names, which includes the names of the 76,000 Jews deported from France, the renovation of the museum’s rooms Benchmarks and exhibition spaces, and the Funding granted to the creation of an auditorium, the Shoah Shoah Memorial 2001-2010 : Memorial is now a major European €75 million museum, with an exceptional collection of archives that is Operating budget constantly growing and is available for the Memorial in 2010 : to researchers. It is also one of the €10 million leading centers for the transmission
The Wall of Names at the Shoah Memorial “The Wall of Names gives victims of the Shoah a piece of the identity that was stolen from them. It provides them with a place of burial that they did not have, before which we can express the intensity of our contemplation and the faithfulness of our memories.” Simone Veil, January 23, 2005
18 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH after World War II. Today, many families Three questions have or inherit documents or photo- for Éric de graphs, and they are unaware of their value. Some people forget about them. Rothschild We encourage them to leave the President of works with the Memorial. We also the Shoah Memorial have major documents in our collec- tion like Hélène Berr’s journal. We pur- chase a certain number of documents Why create a new Shoah Memorial? and have received donations of others, With the creation of the Foundation including the project concerning the for the Memory of the Shoah, which status of Jews, annotated by Pétain, has provided us with considerable which is a major historical document. funding, we were able to construct and develop the Memorial to the site What is your current role as it exists today. One of the essential concerning the sites of Memory? goals was to expand the institution, With the Foundation, we are in a way primarily to improve the permanent the guardians of the historical truth, exhibition, to make it more didactic, but we also want the structures that because above all, our role is one of are being created today (at Drancy, for education and training—for children example, which we are building, but and young people but also for other also the CERCIL in Orléans and Les groups, like police schools, which now Milles near Marseille) to last over time. regularly attend training sessions at We have to make sure that these sites the Memorial. are not only maintained, but also that they “speak” to the public, and above How do you add to your collection? all, that the memory of the Shoah We collect everything that relates to remains alive and useful, notably for the life of Jews before, during and younger generations.
Digitization of local the situation of the Jews during the Shoah has been underway for many archives concerning years, in partnership with the Holocaust the persecution of Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. Ultimately, this project will provide resear- the Jews chers with an easier access to source A major program to digitize and repro- material. The Foundation for the Memory duce local French archives concerning of the Shoah fully supports this project.
20 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH Support for Shoah survivors
The primary mission of The Foundation for the Memory the Foundation is to support of the Shoah also helps survivors those who suff ered during the in Israel and in Eastern European Shoah and have been victims countries who are living in critical of anti-Semitic persecution. conditions, via programs run by humanitarian organizations. Thousands of people have benefi ted from specialized services, at home or in centers, since the creation of the Foundation.
These initiatives include funding of health programs in Jewish insitutions Benchmarks and the creation of specifi c services: listening, counseling, social €24 million granted since 2001 support, homecare services, day for solidarity programs; centers for Alzheimer’s patients, approximately €19 million €5 million retirement and nursing homes. in France and abroad.
22 already very late, and we must abso- Jean-Raphaël lutely refocus on our public, whose Hirsch living conditions, both physical and material, are deteriorating with the The ultimate priority years. We must meet their needs, help is to help the children them in their everyday lives, as is cur- of deportees rently underway with the Passerelles project, which devotes 100 percent of We must constantly keep in mind the its aid to survivors and families. This fi nal wish of those who were led to counseling platform, created by the the gas chambers. They were thinking United Jewish Social Fund with the of one thing only: their children. The support of the Foundation for the Foundation’s primary mission is to Memory of the Shoah, has provided help these children, the orphans of assistance, information and a compas- the Shoah, the children of deportees, sionate ear to many people. This is the the hidden children—all those whose very core of our mission. lives were shattered by the Shoah. Jean-Raphaël Hirsch is president Ideally, if it were only up to me, I would of the Solidarity Committee at the have slated the budget of an entire Foundation for the Memory of the year to help these orphans, most of Shoah. He is also president of the whom remained entirely alone. It is French Committee for Yad Vashem. TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
The role of social individual situation (age, resources, health, personal history) and try to institutions determine the best possible solution, according to eligibility criteria. This The United Jewish Social Fund, the action (psychological support, assis- Casip-Cojasor Foundation, the Roths- tance with compensation processes, child Foundation, the OSE (Society for hotlines, homecare services, caretakers, Rescuing Children), the ADIAM (Jewish emergency assistance, etc.) supple- Association for Homecare Facilities), ments public services (health care FSJF (Federation of Jewish Societies in coverage, housing subsidies, retire- France) and many other institutions in ment, welfare). Paris and throughout France now off er a wide range of psychological support The Foundation for the Memory of the and community health services for Shoah has published a brochure so that Shoah survivors. benefi ciaries and their families can be better informed about the services These social institutions assess each off ered.
23 Support for research
The Foundation supports major works (Saul Friedländer’s research on the Shoah, notably book, Nazi Germany and the Jews, through its grant program. for example).
Since its creation, the Foundation It also organizes large public has given nearly 200 doctoral and conferences at the Collège de post-doctoral grants in history, art France, where guest speakers history, literature, sociology, political Philippe Burrin, Annette Wieviorka, science, philosophy and law. To Sylvie Lindeperg and Christopher bolster the community of grant- R. Browning discussed their work. holders, the Foundation organizes regular seminars; an interdisciplinary network of young researchers has been formed as a result. Benchmarks
It also helps established researchers, €7 million in research grants through research grants or funding since the Foundation’s creation for the publication and translation of Grants to nearly 200 researchers
Facilitate access General Commissariat for Jewish Aff airs. These archives are essential to to archives in France an understanding of the French admin- istration’s action toward the Jews, but The Foundation, in partnership with are also consulted by families looking the National Archives, fi nanced a proj- to fi nd some trace of their deceased. ect to microfilm the archives of the
24 skill among French students. There André Kaspi may also be hiring problems given the Kindling new interest small number of positions in universi- ties and, even more so, in more peri- What has the Foundation pheral fi elds. for the Memory of the Shoah Yet the Foundation is well known in done in the fi eld of research European universities, and its initia- over the last ten years? tives extend far beyond French bor- When the Foundation was created, it ders. We fund many projects that are had a choice: to act as an impetus for submitted from other European research projects or to fund research. countries, and we help foreign The fi rst option was set aside because researchers develop studies on the it would have meant getting directly Shoah in their respective countries. involved with universities, graduate schools and research institutions. The In your opinion, what challenges Foundation for the Memory of the will the Foundation have to face Shoah dispenses grants and therefore in terms of supporting research? helps to fund research once it is unde- Our research policy depends fi rst and rway. We have gradually narrowed our foremost on the Foundation’s avail- field of action and defined limits by able resources. Yet we must remain determining our scientific goals, by on the cutting edge of research, keep replacing, for example, the title “History up to date on what is happening in and Research” for the committee with France and abroad, and understand “History of anti-Semitism and the new emerging trends. Shoah,” and by expanding our scope to Finally, one of our challenges in the TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH all fi elds of research (law, psychology, future will be to kindle new interest in literature, political science, etc.), with research. assistance from outside special ists. The André Kaspi, professor emeritus committee will provide input to resear- of history at the Sorbonne, chers to determine major themes. president of the History of anti-Semitism and Shoah Committee Is the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah now a recognized institution in the fi eld of research? We have issued several calls for sub- missions, but overall, there are not enough students in France working on the history of the Shoah. This is due to specifi c aspects of historical research in France, in which the his- tory of France predominates over the history of other countries. Further- more, working on the Shoah requires a high level of linguistic knowledge, notably in German and other Central European languages, which is a rare
25 The creation of sites of memory
The policy of memorials 2012. These initiatives have created and the evolution of memory a network of sites of memory, have led to the creation of sites which is coordinated by the Shoah of memory as places of Memorial in Paris. education, contemplation and transmission. The Foundation In addition to these sites supports most of these major (memorials, plaques, steles), ongoing projects concerning the Foundation also regularly internment camps in France. supports events held to commemorate the Shoah.
It participated in the creation of the Memorial Museum for the Children of Vel d’Hiv in Orléans Benchmarks and in the renovation of the new heaquarters for the CERCIL, Investments in sites of memory: the Research and Study Center €21 million on internment camps in the Loiret (Pithiviers, Jargeau and Drancy site: €15 million Beaune-la-Rolande). It has been a strong supporter of the Camp Les Milles site: €4.6 million des Milles reconstruction project for eight years, and is also fi nancing Research and study center on the creation of the Drancy internment camps in Orléans, in the Loiret (CERCIL): €400,000 Memorial, scheduled to open in
26 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
Uncovering evidence Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. His research led to the creation of a resource center of the Einsatzgruppen for Research and Education into the massacres Shoah in Eastern Europe (where the public can view videos of witness The Foundation for the Memory of the accounts), as well as a partnership with Shoah was one of the fi rst organizations the Paris IV Sorbonne University. to support Father Desbois in his research on the massacres committed by the death squads known as the Einsatzgrup- Benchmark pen. This work uncovered more than 650 mass graves and produced 1,800 Total funding granted for this project recorded interviews with witnesses to over ten years: €850,000 the massive executions of Jews in the
27 Vectors of transmission
Direct accounts are not (the summer of 1942 and in the only way in which the Marseille), the massacres history and memory of the committed by the Einsatzgruppen Shoah are transmitted; books, death squads, the internment and exhibitions, fi lms and plays death camps, justice (major trials: present specifi c viewpoints Nuremberg, Eichmann, Barbie), and off er a broader context. portraits of Righteous fi gures (Souza Mendes, Monseigneur Since its creation, the Foundation Théas), family memoirs, rescuing for the Memory of the Shoah has children, etc. It also supports funded nearly one hundred fi lms, traveling live performances, notably most of which were documentaries, plays, which are extremely eff ective often on themes that the public ways of transmitting the history knows little about: the roundups and memory of the Shoah.
28 time has gone by. Three and even four Annette generations now separate us from Wieviorka these events. This separation in time is inescapable. It means that the grand- Rethinking the parents of middle school and high concept of memory school children today were born after the war. There are no more family The Foundation was created stories from these years. In short, at the height of what you call even if we use the term “memory,” it “the era of the witness.” means something else, because there Can you discuss the system are virtually no more shared memories of transmission that was set up from this period. Those responsible for during this period? the “memory” are now primarily those The Foundation was created after the who work in institutions of memory completion of the report on the (foundations, memorials and so on), despoliation of Jewish property in which implies a major change. At the France, at a time when nearly every- same time, historical work continues in one in the public sphere and society research organizations and universi- at large agreed on the need to trans- ties, and there are numerous books mit the history of the genocide of the and con ferences dealing with one or Jews. During the years from 1987 to another aspect of the Holocaust. 2005, the responsibility of the French government was reexamined: from a In this new era, how do you see legal standpoint, with the trials of the the missions of the Foundation, Gestapo member Klaus Barbie (1987), notably in terms of memory TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH collaborator Paul Touvier (1994) and and transmission? high-ranking civil servant Maurice This is a diffi cult question. We do not Papon (1998); symbolically, with a know what questions will be raised in speech by Jacques Chirac on July 16, the future. If we had told the rare 1995; and fi nancially, with the Mattéoli Auschwitz survivors that they would Mission, which led to a number of ini- be honored fi fty years later, they may tiatives, including the Foundation for not have believed it—they returned the Memory of the Shoah. The sur- to conditions of total destitution and vivors were then responsible for pre- no one wanted to hear their stories. senting their stories to a larger public. Given that the missions of the Foun- Their participation was crucial, dation for the Memory of the Shoah notably during the celebration of the are primarily to perpetuate the sixtieth anniversary of the liberation memory of the Shoah, it must con- of the camps. Simone Veil is the major tinue to do so with utmost rigor and fi gure from these years. extreme integrity, without ever for- getting that the funds come from the You say that the gradual despoliation of those who disappeared disappearance of witnesses in Auschwitz. is ushering in a new era. Annette Wieviorka, a historian What does that mean now and and research director at the CNRS, what impact will this have? is president of the Memory and We are entering a new period because Transmission Committee
29 Transmitting Shoah history to schoolchildren
The Foundation encourages to better understand the culture the transmission of the Holocaust of those who were assassinated. history to schoolchildren, notably via the funds it grants to the Shoah Memorial for this purpose, but also by fi nancing school trips Benchmarks to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Some 5,000 students and teachers These trips also off er an opportunity participate every year in trips to visit places where Jews lived, supported by the Foundation Krakow for example, for the Memory of the Shoah
30 have encouraged publications adapted Alice Tajchman to this age group, notably with the Encourage innovation publisher Fleurus (“Je lis des histoires vraies” series). In the fi eld of education, the Founda- Today, witnesses are crucial to the tion was not on terra incognita. The transmission of the history of the history of the Holocaust was already Shoah, especially when they visit on the curricula of middle schools and classrooms or the Shoah Memorial, high schools, and teachers were and when they accompany school already taking this subject very trips to Auschwitz. This is often the seriously; the tremendous work aspect that marks students the most, already accomplished deserves as the witnesses bring a clear context recog nition. The creation of the Foun- to the sites. dation for the Memory of the Shoah It is too early to predict the future of the and the development of the Shoah trips on the sites of memory once the Memorial fostered more in-depth witnesses are no longer here. For the exchanges with the Ministry of time being, we must concentrate on National Education. Inspectors, ways of better assessing these trips, teachers and school principals which we have to make more uniform. attended our proceedings; similarly, In the long term, we will have to face we participated in the various com- another great challenge, that of new mittees set up by the Ministry, includ- technologies, which is already overtur- ing the National Resistance and ning traditional teaching methods and Deportation Competition. the way in which we conceive of know- TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH It is not up to us to tell the Ministry of ledge. It is a true turning point; we are National Education what should be aware of this and will support the most done, but we can encourage interest- innovative projects in this fi eld. ing initiatives. We have therefore Alice Tajchman is a university lecturer strongly promoted education on this and president of the Shoah Education subject starting in primary school and Committee
Teaching the Shoah Memory of the Shoah encourages these initiatives, especially those geared to through theater schoolchildren, like the work of the Com- pagnie Transeurope theater, based on Theater is one of the educational Sam Braun’s account, Personne ne m’au- approaches used to transmit the memory rait cru, alors je me suis tu (No One Would of the Shoah. The Foundation for the Have Believed Me, So I Said Nothing).
31 Memory Tomorrow accounts by deportees, fi lmed on the Auschwitz-Birkenau site itself, and an overview of the complexity of the The DVD-Rom Memory Tomorrow is a camp’s operation. The oral accounts are unique educational tool among the proj- edited into short sequences, providing a ects designed for schoolchildren. Pro- great deal of fl exibility in teaching about duced by the Auschwitz Survivors’ the Shoah. Union-France, it presents witness
32 Promoting Jewish culture
One of the missions of the Foundation is to ensure the transmission of Jewish culture, entire segments of which were annihilated during the Shoah.
The Foundation has fi nanced projects to promulgate information about Jewish culture, notably among teachers, with an anthology of Judaism, edited by university professor Francine Cicurel and published by Nathan; and an education program on Jewish culture designed for teachers, supervised by CNRS researcher Gérard Rabinovitch. TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH Benchmarks
Some 1,400 teachers and administrators have taken courses in Jewish culture.
Akadem form for dialogue and a communica- tions tool, Akadem is the fi rst “Jewish digital campus” accessible to all, at any Initially co-fi nanced by the Foundation time and from any place. for the Memory of the Shoah and the United Jewish Social Fund, the website www.akadem.org was created to pro- Benchmarks mote the conferences, symposia, roundtable discussions and courses 1.8 million visitors since 2006 organized by Jewish institutions. 4,500 visitors per day Designed as a teaching library, a plat-
33 Jewish Education
Formal and informal support Benchmarks for Jewish education is one of the key priorities of the 35 Jewish schools Foundation for the Memory of received direct or indirect support the Shoah, which encourages from the Foundation for the transmission of Judaic the Memory of the Shoah heritage through knowledge of texts, an historical perspective 170 teachers trained in Jewish issues and the teaching of Hebrew. by the André et Rina Néher Institut with support from the Fondation for the Memory of the Shoah The Foundation has fi nanced programs to train teachers, educational projects for Jewish schools, religious education The Gordin (Talmud-Torah), and leadership Foundation for training programs in the main Jewish schools Jewish youth movements. Given the substantial demand for school buildings, the Foundation partnered The Rachel and Jacob Gordin Foun- with other institutions fi nancing dation, which fi nances the construc- Jewish schools to create tion of Jewish schools, was created in the Rachel and Jacob Gordin January 2008. It is chaired by David Foundation. de Rothschild, and is housed by the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, and works in partnership with the United Jewish Social Fund.
Combating anti-Semitism
The Foundation for the Memory Protection Service) to ensure of the Shoah supports initiatives safety at community buildings taken by the CRIF (Representative (places of worship and schools) Council of French Jewish and sites of memory. It also Institutions) with respect to this supports media watchdog issue, as well as those launched programs concerning anti-Semitism by the SPCJ (Jewish Community and Holocaust denial.
34 nal projects and on boosting informal Raphaël educational initiatives. Our committee Hadas-Lebel drew up a charter stating the prin- ciples with which funded establish- Building the future ments must comply, in terms of orga- nization and educational projects, I considered it a privilege when Ady notably con cerning Hebrew classes Steg asked me to take over from him and Jewish history. The charter is not as head of the Foundation’s Jewish easy to implement, given the diverse Culture Committee in 2007. It was a approaches and traditions in these privilege and a mission—to transmit establishments. Yet it is necessary if the cultural legacy of the millions of we want Jewish schools to foster the Jews annihilated by the Shoah in emergence of a generation of young Europe, a region that had been a cen- Jews who are both respectful of their ter for Jewish faith and scholars for heritage and open to society at large. over a millennium. This is the heritage Another of the committee’s priorities we must bring back to life. concerns the promotion of Jewish It therefore seemed logical to concen- culture in all its diversity: preserving trate on initiatives supporting a Jewish heritage, renovating and digi- renaissance of Yiddish culture, which tizing large libraries, supporting top- nourished an entire swath of Jewish notch university research, translating culture in Central and Eastern Europe. major Jewish texts and showcasing This goal was the impetus for the works of art. Foundation’s substantial support for Special attention is given to initiatives the Paris Yiddish Center—Medem that contribute to the ongoing battle TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH Library, the publication of an anthol- against anti-Semitism, which has not ogy of Yiddish literature and numer- disappeared and has even resurfaced ous exhibitions on Yiddish themes. in other forms in recent years. The largest share of the committee’s The members of the Jewish Culture funds, however, was allocated to pro- Committee represent a wide and jects concerning education. We must diverse range of skills and talents; it think of future generations. Initiatives fully intends to demonstrate its com- to improve school buildings, essential mitment to a foundation whose mis- to the quality of the work environ- sion is to accommodate the memory of ment and to children’s lives in Jewish the past with the construction of the schools, are supervised by the Gordin future. Foundation, which is housed by the Raphaël Hadas-Lebel is president of Foundation for the Memory of the the Jewish Culture Committee Shoah, in cooperation with the edu- cational services of the United Jewish Social Fund. In addition to improving school buildings, the committee has in particular encour aged programs lin- ked to Jewish education, with a speci- fi c focus on teach er training (through the André Néher Institute), on the development of innovative educatio-
35 Disseminating traditional Jewish texts
The Foundation for the Memory These texts include The Light of the of the Shoah has launched Lord by Hasdai Crescas, Pirké Avoth a program to translate key texts on (Chapters of the Fathers), Hok le Jewish heritage into French. Israël, the Mishneh Torah by Maimonides, etc.
Creation of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, Yiddish Culture Center—Medem Library and Rachel network the Séminaire Israélite de France. Addi- tional collections from the French The Foundation for the Memory of the Center of Jewish Music and the Paris Shoah has supported a program to Museum of Jewish Arts and History save, share and digitize the catalogues have joined this network. of the major Jewish libraries: the
36 Milestones 2001-2010
Year after year, the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah has initiated or worked in partnership to pro- duce milestone events. Here’s an overview of these noteworthy moments. TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
37 2002 Presentation of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah to the research sector
An open house was held on June 5, of the Shoah and the CDJC at the National Archives, bringing (Contemporary Jewish together people involved in Documentation Center) discussed researching the Shoah: their respective ways of working. representatives from ministries, The viewpoints expressed historians, representatives from the during this day helped defi ne National Archives, university the work of the History and researchers and so on. The Research Committee for Foundation for the Memory subsequent years.
38 2003 Camp des Milles Foundation: Memory and Education
Situated between Aix-en-Provence the Memory of the Shoah acquired and Marseille, the Tuilerie des Milles the Tuilerie property in order to served as an internment camp perpetuate the memorial purpose starting in 1939; more than 2,000 of the site. It is actively supporting Jewish men, women and children the development of the project left here for Drancy, then Auschwitz- in conjunction with the Shoah Birkenau in August and September Memorial and other public and 1942. Ten thousand people of 27 private partners (government, local nationalities were interned or authorities, the Representative deported, before the German Council of French Jewish occupation of the “free zone.” This Institutions, associations, donors), site of memory is unique in France in under the auspices of the Camp that the building still remains, as do des Milles Foundation (a private traces of paintings left by interned foundation for the benefi t of the artists and intellectuals, including public), chaired by Alain Chouraqui, Max Ernst and Hans Bellmer. The with Serge Klarsfeld as vice goal of the “Remembering the Camp president. The Camp des Milles des Milles” project, initiated in 1982 Memorial will house a permanent by former Resistance fi ghters and national exhibition of the Sons and TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH internees, is to create an in situ place Daughters of Jewish Deportees of history, memory, civic education from France. and culture. The Camp des Milles Memorial A partner of the project since it was is scheduled to be inaugurated in set up in 2003, the Foundation for 2012.
39 2004 Events for the 60th anniversary of the destruction of Hungarian Jews
In memory of the deportation and roundtable discussion at the extermination of Hungarian Jews, BnF on the history of the a dramatic chapter of the Final destruction of the Hungarian Solution that took place Jews; fi lm series (a Peter Forgacs just as France was being liberated, retrospective and Hungarian the Foundation for the Memory fi lms at the MK2 Bibliothèque of the Shoah, in partnership with movie theater); and an exhibition the Bibliothèque Nationale de at the Maréchal Leclerc Memorial- France (BnF) and the Paris mayor’s Jean Moulin Museum entitled offi ce, organized a series of events “1944: The Destruction of in 2004: a conference and Hungarian Jews”).
40 DES JUIFSDEHONGRIE 1944, LADESTRUCTION Jardin Atlantique /23,allée dela2 ET DELALIBÉRATION DEPARIS -MUSÉE JEANMOULIN MÉMORIAL DUMARÉCHALLECLERC DEHAUTECLOCQUE EXPOSITION DU 4MAIAU6JUIN2004 e DB Paris XV e (au dessus delagareMontparnasse)
TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH 2005 60th anniversary of the liberation of the camps
Simone Veil We must remain vigilant, and defend it not only against the forces pays tribute to the of nature that threaten it, but even assassinated Jews more from the madness of man.
We come from every continent, reli- We, as the last survivors, have the gious believers and non-believers right and even the duty to warn you alike, and all belong to the same and ask that the “Never Again” of world, the community of mankind. our comrades becomes a reality.
42 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
Inauguration total renovation of the permanent exhibition and redesign of the museum of the new spaces. The Foundation fi nanced the Yad Vashem Museum Rescue and Resistance Gallery, created as a tribute to the Righteous among the Nations and to the rescue In March of 2005, in Jerusalem, the networks that saved many Jewish lives Yad Vashem Museum reopened after a in Europe, particularly in France.
43 Inauguration sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau before the railway line was extended to carry trains of the restored into the camp. It had been overgrown Judenrampe with plants for sixty years until the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, on the initiative of Serge Klars- The Judenrampe, used from April 1942 feld, contributed to the restoration of to May 1944, was the site that served this tragic site, where most of the survi- as an arrival point for convoys of Jews vors saw their families for the last time.
44 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
Re-edition of the most of the people were annihilated in the fi rst hours, was like for over one Auschwitz Album million Jews from around nearly all of Europe. This book includes nearly 200 photo- graphs taken by the SS in May and Reproduced in full in a color facsimile June of 1944, during the massive edition, the Album includes an element deportation of Hungarian Jews to Bir- of analysis, under the direction of kenau. Discovered in 1945 by Lili Jacob, Serge Klarsfeld, which includes recent a survivor of the camp, it is a crucial developments in historiographical reference work, as it contains the only research conducted primarily by the existing photographs recording the Vad Vashem Institute in Jerusalem extermination process of Jews in the describing the organization of the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp. These Auschwitz complex and explaining the images provide an idea of what arriving circumstance in which all these photo- at this immense death camp, where graphs were discovered.
45 2006 “Mémoires de la Shoah” audiovisual archives
Concerned with renovating and of a navigation interface off ering preserving this site of memory, advanced features: chaptering, the Foundation for the Memory full transcription of the text of the Shoah and the National synchronized with the image, Audiovisual Institute fi lmed one and interdisciplinary research hundred interviews: former of the entire corpus via a built-in deportees, children of deportees, search engine. hidden children, directors of children’s homes, Righteous among These witness accounts can be the Nation and Resistance fi ghters. viewed at the Shoah Memorial In addition to the 110 accounts, fi ve multimedia center and at the “actors of memory”— Serge Inathèque (Bibliothèque nationale Klarsfeld, Annette Wieviorka, Pierre de France). A copy was also given Truche, Claire Andrieu and Jacques to the Yad Vashem Institute in Andréani—put the words of the Jerusalem. witnesses into perspective. Benchmarks These witness accounts were selected to form a corpus of 300 hours of recorded interviews audiovisual documents aimed at refl ecting the variety of paths 57 former deportees, 38 hidden children, and the unique dimension of each 4 Righteous, 5 Resistance fi ghters, person’s fate. The originality of 3 deported Resistance fi ghters, 2 directors of children’s homes, 1 deportee’s brother. the projects stems from the use
46 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
47 2007 National tribute to the Righteous of France
“A light in the dark Shoah, to place a plaque on the night of the Shoah” Pantheon in memory of the Righteous Among the Nations and On the initiative of Simone Veil, others in France who refused to a major ceremony was organized cooperate with the Nazi and Vichy in January 2007 by the French deportation policy; thanks to them, presidency, in partnership with the the majority of the French population Foundation for the Memory of the in France escaped extermination.
48 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR MEMORY SHOAH
49 Helping Shoah the Shoah and the Latet association, including assistance for food, survivors in Israel medical services and emergency assistance for people living in the David de Rothschild, president most extreme conditions. of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, traveled to Israel to He also visited a community center meet with Shoah survivors living in in Lod and lit the fi rst Hanukah desperate circumstances. He signed candle with Shoah survivors a partnership agreement between who are receiving aid from this the Foundation for the Memory of program.
2008 Panel commemorating the Vel d’Hiv Roundup at the Bir-Hakeim metro station
After the roundup of July 16 and 17, 1942, 13,152 people were arrested and families were held in the Vélodrome d’hiver (Vel d’Hiv, or “Winter Velodrome”), before being transferred to Beaune-la-Rolande and Pithiviers, and then deportated. The French police insisted that children also be deported. None of the 3,000 children returned.
In memory of this event and on the initiative of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, the RATP installed an information panel at the Bir-Hakeim metro station, during an event marking the 66th anniversary of the roundup.
50 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH 2009 Combating Holocaust denial: The Aladdin project
In 2009, the Foundation for texts on the Shoah can be the Memory of the Shoah launched downloaded free of charge; a major project to counter trips to Auschwitz-Birkenau with Holocaust denial in Arab and an intercultural and interreligious Muslim countries and to promote approach; translation into Farsi, dialogue and knowledge. Arabic and Turkish and publication of Claude Lanzmann’s fi lm, Shoah; This project includes several and conferences on Primo Levi elements: a multilingual website; in many countries of North Africa the Aladdin library where major and the Middle East.
52 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH 2010 The “Testimonies of the Shoah” series publishes its 50th book
“When one person cannot describe the unspeakable, many stories may come close to doing so.” Simone Veil
The “Testimonies of the Shoah” The works, all of which are now series was created in 2004 on included in a catalogue, are the initiative of Simone Veil available at the Shoah Memorial and Serge Klarsfeld to publish library and can be ordered in digital the stories of witnesses to the or book form from the website Shoah—to make them available to www.manuscrit.com the public at large, but also to preserve them. The Foundation supplies books from the series to selected The texts are reviewed carefully by municipal libraries and to university a reading committee consisting of social science libraries. historians and specialists, and often include annotations, comments and a critical analysis, with documents Benchmarks and illustrations hitherto unpublished. 26 testimonies of deportees published
Today, more than fi fty accounts 11 accounts of hidden children have been published: testimonies from deportees, testimones from 8 accounts of militants and historical works hidden children, testimonies from people interned in France, and 5 accounts on the internment militant stories and historical books. camps in France
eyewitness vision. Beyond individual Serge Klarsfeld accounts, the series is cohesive for A monument-series the wide range of accounts and allows for a more in-depth understanding of The “Testimonies of the Shoah” series specifi c aspects. tells the story of the Shoah through those who experienced it. The wit- For us, the series is a monument— nesses want to leave a record and are not of stone, but of words, which will well aware that nothing replaces an remain for generations to come.
54 TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE MEMORY OF THE SHOAH
Committee
Solidarity PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010
President Jean-Raphaël Hirsch
Members of the committee Jeannine Barberye (deceased in December 2010), David Ben Ichou, Anne-Carole Bensadon, Gérard Brami, Gilles Brücker, Lucien Jibert, Andrée Katz, Francis Neher, Catherine Schulmann-Khaïat, Marcel Stourdze, Yves Wolmark, Nathalie Zajde
Program Associate David Amar Feasibility Homecare Training study Homecare Psychology Constellation for Shoah and psychopathology project on improving survivors of Shoah survivors care for the ageing Casim, Professional training orphans of the Shoah Marseille day Foundation for the and hidden children Homecare Memory of the Shoah, Foundation for the for Shoah Nathalie Zajde Memory of the Shoah survivors Listening and Adiam Support for social support Caretakers Shoah Social action and social survivors in for Shoah activities Israell survivors and Support for Shoah beneficiaries at EHPAD survivors living in Casip-Cojasor Tikva project Picpus precarious Foundation retirement home conditions in Israel AMEA, help and care Rothschild Foundation Latet platform for the Caretakers Support services for elderly at the Résidence Shoah survivors Casim, Marseille les Oliviers Yad Sarah Passerelles Casim Telephone hotline, support and Geriatric counseling services for Shoah survivors Alzheimer’s FSJU (United Jewish platform for Social Fund) Shoah survivors Social care for Shoah OSE survivors Specialized care Community health for survivors center Elio Habib, OSE at the Alzheimer’s (Society for Rescuing center Children) Casim Listening, Memory Emergency and History Meetings and assistance workshops for Shoah Emergency fund survivors for Shoah survivors OSE FSJU
58 Committee
History of PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 anti-Semitism and the Shoah
President André Kaspi
Members of the committee Anny Dayan-Rosenman, Ilan Greisalmer, Laurent Joly, Michael Marrus, Chantal Metzger, Catherine Nicault, Christian Oppetit, Ralph Schor, Wolfgang Seibel, Claude Singer, Yves Ternon
Program Associate Dominique Trimbur Women SS guards at Ravensbrück and Neubrandenburg; Margin for maneuver and behaviors Johannes Schwartz University of Berlin, Germany The Jewish struggle for survival in German occupied Soviet territories: oral histories of resistance, memories of youth Anika Walke University of California, United States Doctoral and The Shoah in court: representation by Support Impact of the trials Isaac Bashevis post-doctoral on public debate in Singer, Joseph for research grants France and Italy Opatoshu, André Death marches Diego Guzzi Schwarz-Bart and in the 20th century; In the shadow of University of Turin, Italy David Grossman genocide Auschwitz: mass Fleur Kuhn and mass killing crimes against Functions, Paris III University, Daniel Blatman ethnic Poles, perceptions, France University of 1939-1945 and representations Jerusalem, Daniel Brewing of camp drawings; The Catholic ways Israel University the visual archives to anti-Semitism of Stuttgart, of Ravensbrück in Italy and France The Shoah Germany and Neuengamme (19th-20th in Belarus: Christiane Hess centuries): The Borissov district Doctoral grant University of Bielefeld, production, (region of Minsk) awarded for Germany exchanges and Study overlapping Ariel Danan transformations of Experiments in oral history, local on the History religious anti-Jewish controlling and history and visual Committee of the traditions repressing social anthropology CIVS Simon Levis Sullam deviance and Gueorgui Chepelev CIVS (Commission for University of Oxford, criminality; Paris I University, the Compensation of United Kingdom France the Victims of concentration Spoliation), France camp confinement Jean de Menasce: Museums of “asocials” Jew, Zionist, priest; and their Jews in France and and “professional from the Jewish communities: anti-Semitism, from criminals,” Renaissance the case the Dreyfus Affair to 1933-1937/38 to the Judeo- of Jewish Krakow 1940 Julia Hörath Christian dialogue Katherine Craddy Romain Dupré Birkbeck College Anaël Lévy University of Paris I University, University of London, EHESS, France Birmingham, France United Kingdom United Kingdom Hidden memory. The Traces of Jewish life Constructing underground mark of Families of French in Algeria: memory and the the Shoah on Jewish prisoners in Hélène Cixous genocide of the Tutsi contemporary the Shoah; capture, and Jacques Derrida –a study of the cinema deportation to and their writings process of Ophir Levy Bergen-Belsen and Katrin Funke memorialization Paris I University, memory in France University de Berlin, Rémi Korman France Janine Doerry Germany EHESS, France University of Hanover, The German Germany The onset of From the modern “reparation” laws anti-Semitic unrest Yiddish novel to and their application Sheltering of Jews in in France fictions of the in France, from 1953 Nieuwlande during (1879-1892) Shoah: cultural to the 1970s World War II Damien Guillaume heritage and Johanna Linsler Michel Fabreguet EHESS, France historical Paris I University, France IEP Strasbourg, France
60 Everyday anti- Public conference by Archives Managed theft: The Semitism in France historian Christopher Aryanization of the in 1930s: controls R. Browning at the Support for French Economy in and Republican Collège de France acquiring works the Years 1940 to reactions. Foundation for the for the research 1944 Valeria Galimi Memory of the Shoah, center studying the Martin Jungius University of Siena, Éditions les Belles Shoah in Eastern (Éditions Tallandier) Italy Lettres Europe Yahad-In-Unum The Twilight of Creation of a Anti-Semitism and Reason collection of Holocaust denial Reproduction Benjamin, Adorno, documents Holocaust Education of archives Horkheimer and concerning Turkey Trust Ireland, concerning the Levinas and the Trial PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 and the Shoah Dublin, Ireland persecution of of the Catastrophe Jews in France Orietta Ombrosi Corry Guttstadt Governments during World War II, Academic Studies Press in exile and the Jews Le silence kept in local French during World War II Publication of a book s’essouffle: The archives University of on the history of theme of death in Shoah Memorial the music of Jewish, Southampton, children’s shelters Central European United Kingdom Acquisition OSE of an archiving and American Everyday Zwischen Rassenhass tool cultures, from the approaches und Identitätssuche: Casip-Cojasor 1880s to the 1960s to the persecution Deutsch-jüdische Foundation Jean-Sébastien Noël of Jews of greater literarische Kultur im University of Nancy, Germany and nationalsozialistischen France the protectorate Support Deutschland Rwanda : faces, 1941-1945 for translation (Between Racial landscapes, traces University of Toronto, and publishers Hatred and the Nathan Réra Canada Search for Identity: We Will Never Return German-Jewish University of Provence, Book launch for to That Country Literary Culture France Genocide Denials Uta Gerhardt in National Socialist and the Law Yid, du, and Thomas Karlauf, Germany 1933-1945) Magna Carta Institute, partizaner ! (Éditions Albin Michel) Kerstin Schoor (Jew, you, Brussels, Belgium Who Will Write (Éditions Wallstein) partisan!) “Crime of our History? Support for entries What do the Jewishness” Penal Emmanuel to the Encyclopedia photographs law and anti-Jewish Ringelblum, of Mass Violence— classified under policies in Europe the Warsaw Ghetto section concerning “Jewish resistance” (1933-1945) and the Oyneg the Shoah in specialized Centre de recherche Shabes Archiv Encyclopédie Internet collections really d’histoire quantitative Samuel D. Kassow, des Violences document? at the University of (Éditions Grasset) de Masse, Bernard Suchecky Caen Inside a Nazi Labor CERI, Institut des European Muslim Camp Etudes Politiques, Symposia and perceptions conferences Christopher R. Browning France of the Holocaust (Éditions les Belles The Shoah: Groupe Sociétés, Lettres) cinema and theater Religions, Laïcité, The Gas Chamber at the edge of CNRS, France at Hartheim Castle representation Economic in Austria (1941- Theater and fi lm aryanization and 1945) department, Jewish despoliations Jean-Marie Winkler, Paris-Ouest Nanterre in Nazi Europe nazie (Éditions Tiresias) University, France (1933-1945) The Hidden Children Warsaw, Grenoble mayor’s offi ce in Southwest France the history and University of During World War II of a Jewish Grenoble, France Special issue metropolis The fate Journal Arkheia section on of European roma the Shoah and and Sinti during Images of pillaging its aftermath the Holocaust Album of the Institute Internationaler Verein despoliation of Jews of Jewish Studies, für Wissenschaft in Paris (1939-1945) University of London, und Kultur, Sarah Gensburger United Kingdom Vienna, Austria (Éditions Textuel)
61
Transmission Memory and Jean-Claude Grumberg, MichelLaffitte, Olivier Lalieu, Marcello Pezzetti, Martine Saada, JosephZimet Henri Borlant, Tal Bruttmann, Zeev Gourarier, Judith Cytrynowicz(since September2010) David Amar(through September 2010) Audrey Azoulay, Claude Bochurberg, Members of thecommittee Committee Program Associate Annette Wieviorka President
PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 Pursued, packed together and exterminated Mayor’s offi ce of Sort, Spain Events and conferences Music from Terezín Concerts Rodéo d’Âme Paul Celan jubilee Goethe Institute Series of witness accounts and conferences in conjunction with the exhibitions “Hélène Berr, a Confiscated Life” and “Disobey Audiovisual Les Régiments Little Maurice in the to Save” Ficelles (Regiments Turmoil Association culturelle et culturelle israélite productions of Foreign Maurice Rajfus, Mario du Maine-et-Loire Take Care of the Volunteers) and Miguel d’Agostini Children! Robert Mugnerot and comic book Organization José Ainouz Jean-Pierre Richardot (éditions Tartamudo) of a study day on Victorimage the issues raised by Film and DVD, Simon Wiesenthal, 24 Images, the Auschwitz site Following Old Roads The Man Who Les documentaristes IRICE, Barbara Spitzer Refused to Forget … indépendants Paris 1 University Les Films d’Ici Tom Segev The fate of the The Barbie Trial (éditions Liana Levi) Theater hidden children Philippe Truff ault Benoît Cornuau Objects made in the Pathseeker DVD, Arte France internment camps of Beta Productions Développement Bernard Bloch Beaune-la-Rolande Creation of a play Respite Images and and Pithiviers inspired by a novella by of the World and the Support for CERCIL Imre Kertesz Inscription of War publishers Le Réseau (The Harun Farocki Exhibitions Network) DVD, Survivance Jews in Berlin 1933-1941: photos Despoiled! The Man in the They Called Him by Abraham Pisarek The “economic Ceiling Tommy Dominique Bourel Aryanization” in Timothy Daly directed Philippe Fréling (éditions Biro) France, 1940-1944 by Isabelle Starkier Merapi Productions The Forgotten General Council of Compagnie Dieulefit, the village William Huon Isère, Grenoble Star Théâtre of the “Righteous” CERCIL 1939-1945: Music in Cherries in Kirsch Alexandre Fronty Poland under the Laurence Sendrowicz and Guillaume Loiret Les Résistances Nazi Occupation Compagnie Bessa Zoulou Compagnie juives pendant l’Occupation Association for the Arusha to Arusha Georges Loinger, Festival of Forbidden Commemorations Christophe Gargot assisted by Sabine Music Yom Hashoah 2010 Book DVD, Atopic Zeitoun Felix Nussbaum Special issue of (éditions Albin Michel) The Law of My Land 1904-1944 Tenou’a Dominique Ladoge, Paris Museum of MJLF Productions Jewish Arts and Placement of a Franco American History commemorative Serge and Béate About Rwanda plaque Klarsfeld, guérilleros government Mayor’s offi ce of of memory memory policies in Saint-Antoine-Cumond Élisabeth Lenchener terms of the Raising of a stele in On Line Production genocides Tallinn (Estonia) The Commitment Virtual exhibition, Association Families Michèle Masse 20th-century social and Friends of the Ana Films history center Deportees of Convoy 73
64 Design and Memorial of Museums and the Nations in France inauguration of a exterminated Jewish French Committee for panels of names in children memorials Yad Vashem tribute to those who Feasibility study for Expansion program rescued children the creation of a site for the Maison Archives OSE d’Izieu of memory in Completion of a Maison d’Izieu, Tribute to the Jewish Chambon-sur-Lignon record of children Memorial for children of the Mayor’s offi ce of exterminated Jewish and adults interned Maison des Morelles Chambon-sur-Lignon children in the Loiret camps Association Memorial to the Shoah Memorial AZI La Garance Remodeling of the Judeo-Spaniards CERCIL PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 Placement of a deported from Mayor’s offi ce of commemorative France Orléans plaque in Montjean Muestros Association Familles Dezaparesidos Support to launch et Amis des Déportés the activity of the du Convoi 8 Campaign to fi nd the Auschwitz-Birkenau names of Jewish Foundation Placement of a victims of the Shoah Auschwitz-Birkenau commemorative in Poland Foundation, Poland plaque in Beaupréau Yad Vashem Institute, Participation in the Association Familles Jerusalem, Israel et Amis des Déportés future work at the du Convoi 8 Recording of the Camp des Milles collective Memorial Placement of Landmanshaftn Camp des Milles commemorative collective vaults in Foundation plaques in the Parisian cemeteries Renovation of the Toulouse region Sauvegarde crypt and the Wall of Association et Mémoire the Righteous Toulouse MEJD The Righteous Shoah Memorial Websites and Among the Nations Expansion of the and research Creation of a virtual action of the information center Committee Website for the on the Righteous promoting Maison d’Izieu Yad Vashem Institute, recognition of the Maison d’Izieu, Jerusalem, Israel Righteous Among
65 “Testimonies of the Shoah” series
President of the reading committee Dominique Missika, Serge Klarsfeld Denis Peschanski, Paul Schaffer, Members of the reading committee Annette Zaidman Henri Borlant, Isabelle Choko, Program Associate Olivier Coquard, Katy Hazan, Philippe Weyl
Books published When she reached Auschwitz, she was held in Block 10, where in 2010 “medical experiments” took place. She managed to survive for ten months, notably thanks Don’t Cry, My Son to the solidarity of her comrades. Eva Golgevit She was transferred to Birkenau, Preface by Maxime Steinberg then to the satellite camp of Rajsko, In September of 1940, Eva Golgevit an experimental farm where conditions joined Solidarité, the Jewish section were slightly better. She survived of the Main d’Oeuvre Immigrée (MOI), three death marches to the camps a Communist Resistance movement. to Ravensbruck and Malchof. She was arrested and imprisoned, Beyond the horrors she recalls, Eva then deported, like most of the members Golgevit has written an ode to hope, of her network, in convoy no. 58, imbued with a deeply held faith in life, on July 31, 1943. which never left her.
66 assassination of Hungarian Jews. At this time, the Nazi death machine was running Escape From Treblinka at full speed. Charles Mitzner managed Mieczyslaw Chodzko to survive this hell and the death Translated from the Polish by marches—four months of walking that Béatrice Nowak and Isabelle Choko took him to four other German camps before he was liberated. Annotated by Tal Bruttmann
While Treblinka is now infamous, PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 the fi rst facility, a forced labor camp From Paris (Treblinka I), is far less known. Mieczyslaw to Bergen-Belsen Chodzko’s story is one of the rare witness accounts to speak of the camp. 1944-1945. Mieczyslaw Chodzko was born in Lodz Memories of a Deported in 1903. Rounded up in the ghetto of Child, Jacques Saurel Falenica, he was deported to Treblinka and (English translation) immediately transferred to the labor camp. Jacques Saurel Two kilometers away, his father was sent directly to the gas chamber in the Preface by Raymond Riquier gruesome murder factory of Treblinka II, Jacques Saurel was born in Paris in 1933 where 700,000 to 900,000 Jews perished. to a Jewish family that had recently Mieczyslaw was forced to work in emigrated from Poland. Jacques’ father unimaginable conditions. Despite the tight was captured as a prisoner of war, which surveillance, he managed to escape with protected his family for a time. In February twelve other prisoners and meet up with 1944, however, Jacques, his brother, his his wife and daughter, who had been saved older sister and his mother were interned at with false identifi cation. He started Drancy for three months. They were then publishing articles and reports on Treblinka deported as hostages to one of the in August 1944. Bergen-Belsen camps known as “Star camp.” Through the love and sacrifi ce of their Alone in the World mother, the children survived the harrowing Charles Mitzner conditions of the camp. Bergen became a slaughterhouse once prisoners from As told to Marie Billet the camps in the east started to arrive. Charles Mitzner was a young soldier In April 1945, Jacques and his father were during the French defeat of 1940. After evacuated aboard the “ghost train.” Half returning to civilian life, he worked in of the 2,000 Jews on the convoy died over Grenoble as a radio engineer and put his the fourteen days on the train. Suff ering skills to use for the Resistance movement. from typhus, Jacques and his sister only returned in Paris on June 23, 1945. He was arrested in February 1944 after the Germans invaded the Italian occupation zone, just as he was about to return to the Maquis and take his companion to safety. Charles and his younger brother were deported in convoy no. 69. At Birkenau, he witnessed the massive
67
Committee
Shoah PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 Education
President Alice Tajchman
Members of the committee Georges Benguigui, Pierre-Jérôme Biscarat, Gilles Braun, Raphaël Esrail, Philippe Joutard, Jean-Pierre Lauby, Thomas Morin, Iannis Roder
Program Associate Dominique Trimbur School trip to Auschwitz-Birkenau Lycée Bois, Envermeu The train of memory Educational association, Notre- Dame-de-Sion, Évry Europe, from war to peace Lycée Anna de Noailles, Évian-les-Bains The deportation of Jews during World War II Lycée professionel, Sévigné, Gap Communities and individuals in Audiovisual Educational technique Urbain the face of productions activities Mongazon, Angers extermination: Europe, from rupture Izieu-Prague-Krakow Shelomo Selinger’s Memory and the to union Lycée Louis Aragon, Seven Doors history of the war Franco-Polish Givors DVD and website 1939-1945 exchange, lycée The child in the MEJUF Educational activities général et technique genocidal process: and exhibitions Pardailhan, Auch the example of the Repression Association Mémoire Shoah of the Resistance et Histoire, Memory of World Collège Paul Sixdenier, in France – Deported Marseille War II: Shoah and Jewish Resistance Resistance, France Hauteville-Lompnès The Roundup of Fighters Remember and Italy Shoah sites of Millau DVD, Cercle d’étude Collège Bugey, Belley memory and traces school project, lycée de la Déportation of Jewish culture in Jean Vigo, Millau Contre l’oubli et de la Shoah et pour un travail Poland Memory Week 2010 de mémoire Collège Jean Zay, Association Les Publications Lycée Pierre-André Le Houlme Sentiers de la Mémoire, Chabanne, Chasseneuil Contextualising Lycée Lebrun, History, Memory Visits to Poland Coutances Totalitarianism and Stories Educational and the Shoah: Collège Joseph Anglade, Materials for Symposia and from representations Lézignan-Corbières International Student conferences of Auschwitz to the Jewish culture, art Tours to Holocaust reality, a site of and the Shoah Sites in Poland The extermination history and of Berlin, Krakow Development of and concentration memory Lycée Guillaume educational materials camp of Auschwitz Lycée Marcelin le Conquérant, Galicia Jewish Museum and crimes against Berthelot, Châtellerault Lillebonne humanity Aristides de Sousa Research seminar Saving the School trip to Mendes – 9 Days to Chaire lyonnaise Hungarian Jews, Krakow and to Save 30,000 People des droits de l’Homme in the footsteps of Auschwitz Educational booklet, Rudolf Vrba Institution Notre- French national School trips Lycée Lebrun, Les Dame-des-Minimes, committee to honor Sentiers de la Mémoire, Lyon Comité Aristides de Remembering the Coutances Study of the Shoah Sousa Mendes Resistance and Deportation Yzkor in Western Europe Theater Lycée Henri Bergson, School trip to Poland through the example Angers Ozar Hatorah, Créteil of Vichy France productions Lycée français, Jewish life and the The deportation Madrid No One Would Have Shoah in Poland and and extermination Believed Me, So I the Ukraine of the Jews and The Extermination Said Nothing Lycée général Gypsies of Europe of the Jews Sam Braun Saint-Martin, and Collège Denis Diderot, Collège Louis Lumière, Cie Trans Europe Théâtre lycée général et Deuil-la-Barre Marly-le-Roi
70 The March of the Remembering and camps? Living, 2011, Transmitting Lycée Heikhal From destruction Les Institutions Sinaï, Menahem, Paris to renaissance Paris Research and MDV – France, Berlin, in the turmoil Memory trip Marseille of totalitarianism: Rhône département The Shoah in France the architecture of Memory of the Lycée technique terror Shoah and Judeo- Léonard de Vinci, Lycée Racine, Muslim friendship Mayenne Paris Deportations,
Auschwitz, The role of the persecution and PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 or the itinerary of a written word in the memory wounded memory construction of Voyage Mémoire Lycée Georges de La memory et citoyenneté Tour, Metz Georges Leven school, Ris-Orangis Paris Look, understand Opening up to and bear witness The extermination Eastern Europe Lycée Victor Duruy, of the Jews and to teach tolerance Mont-de-Marsan Gypsies in Europe and respect Following traces Memory trip to Poland Lycée technique privé of the Shoah UEJF, Paris Sainte-Colombe, Saint-Denis-les-Sens Lycée Jean Mace, History, memory Niort and transmission The Righteous European citizenship Ozar Hatorah, schools Among the Nations, and memory in Paris, Créteil defending dignity Lycée technique and Sarcelles and human rights, studying Schindler Théodore Monod, Trip to Auschwitz by Collège Marcel Noisy-le-Sec Jewish chaplains in Mariotte, Saint- the Army Yzkor Tamid Siméon-de-Bressieux Trip to Poland Les Amis de Ozar Hatorah, l’Aumônerie israélite Auschwitz: the abyss Paris des armées, Paris of humanity (victims and perpetrators) History of the Visit to the Lycée Saint-Rémy, Auschwitz-Birkenau Auschwitz Soissons extermination camp camp La Maison Moadon, IRICE, Paris The Jew, past and present: European Paris A duty to remember Jews in the early Lycée Yabné, Paris School trips 20th century and organized by the The lessons of the European Jews in Shoah Memorial: Shoah in terms of the 21st century 2010-2011 campaign medical ethics Institution de la Shoah Memorial, Student trip, Doctrine chrétienne, Paris Association of Jewish Strasbourg Doctors in France The Shoah Listen – Ponder – (AMIF), Paris Lycée Théophile Transmit! Gautier, In what ways was École Ozar Hatorah, Paris the concentration Toulouse camp system Memory of a people Citizen Action Youth an undertaking in Lycée Lucien de Hirsch, and Memory dehumanization, Paris School trip and how was this Saint-Maur-des-Fossés The Shoah: experienced in the Knowledge, reality of the
Day of “Philosophy and its teaching, given the destruction of the European Jews” was refl ection held on March 14, 2010 at the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah. It led to the Proposed by Élisabeth de Fontenay, an creation of a group that will reflect on interdisciplinary day of refl ection entitled representations of the Shoah.
71
Miriam Barkaï, MichaelBar-Zvi, Rachel Cohen, Raphaël Draï, RachelErtel, Benjamin Gross, Culture Perrine Simon-Nahum, MeïrWaintrater Jewish Olivier Kaufmann, Laurence Sigal, Members of thecommittee Committee Isabelle de Castelbajac Raphaël Hadas-Lebel Program Associate President
PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 Judaism and the Spirit of the World Shmuel Trigano (Grasset) Zohar, the Five Books of Moses Michaël Sebban (Robert Laff ont) Haggada, translated and annotated by J. Grünewald Tsipa Laor Archaeology of Judaism in France and in Europe Proceedings from the conference at the Paris Museum of Jewish Arts and Training and of Jewish subjects overlap of Judeo- History, André and Rina Néher German, Italian INRAP (National transmission Institute and Hebrew Institute for Sixth national Training teachers in literatures Preventive educational day, Jewish culture Arnaud Bikard, Archaeological Heterogeneity Paris Museum of Paris IV University Research) and differentiation Jewish Arts and Comparative Didactic Hebrew- Association of directors History analysis of Jewish of Jewish schools in French Dictionary immigration from France Intensive Yiddish Edna Lauden classes for artists North Africa to and Liora Weinbach Training for women Cercle amical Medem France, Canada Jewish solidarity, students: Arbeiter Ring and Israel Understanding and Martin Messika, 200 years of social transmitting Initial group training Paris I University action, from the contemporary for teachers in Jewish Comité de Judaism establishments Judeo-Spanish Bienfaisance Talmud and Institut supérieur de music in Israélite of Paris Transmission Institute formation des maîtres contemporary to the Casip-Cojasor Beth Rivka, Yerres France: subject, Foundation Study trip to the process, issues Programme (Somogy) Middle East of Jessica Roda, supérieur d’études young political Paris IV and Montreal La Lettre sépharade juives SNEJ leaders in Israel universities published on the web and the Palestinian Beth Halimoud, Association territories Bordeaux Publications Aki Estamos, UEJF (French Union of Hazac program: and libraries Paris Jewish Students) rescue of 15 small Feasibility study and Administrator endangered Manuals for the launch of a digital training program communities holidays of Tishrei library 2009-2011 Central Consistoire and Purim Alliance Israélite (Tvouna) UEJF EEIF youth group Universelle Creation of a attends Moot in Hok-Lé-Israël Feuerstein-method Kenya Habahir – Numbers Symposia / class for disabled EEIF (Jewish Guides and Deuteronomy conferences and Scouts of France) (Adlic) children to prepare Conference them for school, Research The Light of the Lord by Chief Rabbi third year Or Hachem Meïr Lau Association J’apprends grants Hasdaï Crescas, Communauté de la Reform of the rabbi Emeric Deutsch (Hermann) Victoire, Paris training program and Sophie Documenting the International Séminaire Israélite 380 steles at the conference, readings de France, Kessler- Rosenwiller from Difficile liberté Central Consistoire Mesguish cemetery Emmanuel Levinas Hé work-study Yiddish poetry by Jewish Genealogical Center for International program for teachers Elia Levita: an Society Research
74 Symposium supported by Other real- Judaisms, socio-anthropology the Gordin estate projects of religious Foundation Funds to acquire a and cultural diversity Study on bringing building Toulouse II University school building into Maison Moadon European conference compliance with Feasibility study on on Jewish culture in standards for access opening a Judeo- the Lorraine by students with Spanish house Association limited mobility Foundation for the Journées européennes Gordin Foundation
Memory of the Shoah PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 de la culture juive Extension and Lorraine Work to bring renovation work building into Museums Maïmonide Rambam compliance with school, standards Exhibition Boulogne Centre communautaire “Chagall and the Renovation work de Paris Bible” Beth Hanna, Paris Museum of Paris Combating Jewish Arts and History Work to bring anti-Semitism building into Creation of museum Anti-Semitism compliance with and Holocaust on local Judaic standards history: Design of denial in the Arab Lucien de Hirsch school and Muslim Media contents and ADIEP, Memri museum layout Paris Town of Foussemagne Work to bring Refurbishing of new building into building compliance with Yiddish Cultural Center standards Creation of a Eretz Éducation, memorial for the Paris Righteous and a Refurbishing of new cultural center on building the site of the Gan Pardess Hanna, former synagogue Montrouge Cultural center of Refurbishing of new Clermont-Ferrand building École Juive Moderne, Performances Paris Creation of Building extension the Jewish Ohr Sarah, Symphony Pantin European Romantic Orchestra Purchase of property Collège Lycée Eshel, Kichinev, 1903 Strasbourg by Zohar Wexler Le Réséda Installation in new location Educational Beth Rivkah school, projects Yerres Emergency Launch of assistance Tsohar school Cohen-Tenoudji school, Tsohar school Savigny-sur-Orge Development Emergency of the École Juive assistance Moderne (EJM) Aquiba school, EJM Strasbourg School Emergency assistance buildings and Gan Zikhron Yaacov, projects Paris
75 Financial Committee
President Roch-Olivier Maistre
Members of the committee Anton Brender, Claude-Pierre Brossolette, Marc El Nouchi, Jean-François Guthmann, Jean-Claude Hirel, Dominique Laurent, Nelly Léonhardt, André Levy-Lang, Marcel Nicolaï
76 PROJECTS SUPPORTED IN 2010 Mémoires Vives: radio show on RCJ
The Foundation for the Memory of the who are involved in activities that link Shoah broadcasts a radio program on memory and contemporary reality with RCJ (94.8 FM in Paris) every Sunday concerns for the future. from 1pm to 1:30pm, anchored in 2010 by Vincent Lemerre, then by Perrine Kervran. This show discusses numerous initiatives related to the memory of the Shoah and the transmission of Judaism. Every week, All the programs can also be heard at the program features men and women www.memoiresvives.net
78 Programs The Roundup Caring for the The trial Guest: Rose Bosch, suff ering of Shoah of Jean Zay broadcast in fi lm director survivors Guest: 2010 Exhibition: Guests: Hélène Mouchard-Zay, Catherine Grandsard Between trauma “Filming the camps,” president of CERCIL and Nathalie Zajde, and protection: at the Shoah Irène Némirovsky lecturers at Paris VII BROADCASTS IN 2 010 the fate of hidden Memorial University Guest: children Guest: Christian Delage, Olivier Philipponnat, historian, professor Guest: Marion Feldman, Jewish solidarity, biographer lecturer in psychology at Paris VIII University, 200 years of social at Paris Descartes exhibition curator action The internment of University Samuel Fuller Guests: Roma (gypsies) in Gabriel Vadnaï, director France Léon Weissberg, Guest: of Casip-Cojasor, and Guest: Raphaël Pillosio, a painter with a Christa Fuller, wife Laure Politis, archivist fi lm director tragic destiny of Samuel Fuller at Casip-Cojasor Guests: Lydie Lachenal, Camps in France Intellectuals daughter of painter Guest: French Catholics and and Nazism Léon Weissberg, Denis Peschanski, Protestants after the Guest: Christian Ingrao, and Dominique historian and fi lm Shoah historian, director Jarrassé, art history director Guest: Institut d’histoire du professor Georges Bensoussan, temps présent When memories editor of Revue The splendor of the destablize school d’histoire de la Shoah Théâtre Camondo Guest: Sophie Ernst, No One Would Have Guest: philosopher Fascist Italy and the Believed Me, so I Anne-Hélène Hoog, persecution of the After the camps, life Said Nothing exhibition curator at Jews Guest: Virginie Linhart, Guest: Sam Braun, the Paris Museum of Guest: Marie-Anne fi lm director former deportee Jewish Arts and Matard-Bonucci, History Free France and the history professor Trees Cry Too Jews at the University of Exhibition: Guest: Guest: Jean-Louis Grenoble “Personnes” Irène Cohen-Janca, Crémieux-Brilhac, Guest: Discussion with children’s book author historian and Christian Boltanski, Michaël Bar-Zvi Resistance fi ghter Retrospective artist philosopher, writer at the Memorial The year 1940 The new areas at the Guest: Robert Bober, Théâtre Guest: Caen Memorial writer and director Cabaret Terezin Jean-Pierre Azéma, Guest: Josette Milgram, historian Guest: André Chouraqui, producer Stéphane Grimaldi, Writing the Popular works in director of the Caen Jewish humor: Scriptures culture Memorial an art of the mind Guest: Guests: Guest: Jean Baumgarten, Interview with Francine Kaufmann, Gérard Rabinovitch, research director at the Serge Klarsfeld lecturer, and Emmanuel sociologist, researcher CNRS president of the Chouraqui, fi lm director at the CNRS Association of Sons The future of the and Daughters of You Can Never Again Exhibition: Auschwitz site Jewish Deportees Sleep in Peace Once “Hélène Berr, Guest: from France You’ve Opened Your a life confiscated” Piotr Cywinski, director Eyes Guest: Mariette Job, of the Auschwitz A new interpretation Guest: Robert Bober, niece of Hélène Berr of the Bible Memorial Museum writer and fi lm director Guest: Antoine Mercier, What justice for Alfred Nakache, journalist, writer Jews, Poland, the Rwandan the swimmer of Communism genocide? Exhibition: Auschwitz Guest: Guest: André Guests: Caroline “Felix Nussbaum” Jean-Charles Szurek, Guichaoua, sociology François Guest: Laurence Sigal, political science professor at Paris I and Hubert Strouk, director of the Paris Sorbonne University curators of an Museum of Jewish Arts professor and History Memory of World exhibition at the André Schwarz-Bart War II in France Shoah Memorial in The persecution of and The Morning Star Guest: Olivier Toulouse the Jews of Lens Guest: Wierviorka, historian, The despoliation Guests: Nicolas Mariot Francine Kaufmann, for the publication of of Jews in Isère and Claire Zalc, professor at la Mémoire désunie Guest: researchers at the Bar Ilan University, (Seuil). Tal Bruttmann, historian CNRS Israel
79 Editorial Director: Yahad in Unum. p. 47 Georges Loinger before they were Philippe Allouche p. 28 Barrel organ © INA Martial Lorcet. deported, © Shoah p. 48 Editor: player, 1942-1943, Ceremony in Memorial, Coll. Klarsfeld. Rachel Rimmer Felix-Nussbaum-Haus memory of the Righteous p. 65 Boys from the Osnabrück, Among the Nations at Château du Masgelier in Translator: © ADAGP, Paris 2011. the Panthéon, January Grand-Bourg (Creuse) Lisa Davidson p. 30 Trip to Krakow by 2007, © Élysée. help gather vegetables Art Director: the Collège Jean Zay, Anne-Marie Revcolevschi with a group leader, les designers anonymes Le Houlme, in front of a plaque in the 1942-1943, © Collège Jean Zay. crypt, © CDJC / Fonds OSE. Photographs p. 32 Raphaël and Liliane © FMS. p. 66 Eva Golgevit, Cover Esrail, photographs of p. 49 Installation by June 2011, © FMS / 1944, Hungarian Jews in Olivier Raffet taken Agnès Varda Philippe Weyl. Birkenau, a few hours during filming of the at the Panthéon, p. 68 Trip to before they were put to “Memory Tomorrow” January 2007, Auschwitz-Birkenau, death in the gas project, © UDA. © Élysée. © Shoah Memorial / chambers, photograph p. 33 Cover of the p. 50 David Jean-Marc Lebaz. from the Auschwitz Anthology of Judaism de Rothschild at Lod p. 70 Trip to Album © Institut Yad published by Nathan with a survivor, Auschwitz-Birkenau Vashem Jerusalem. © Nathan. and signing of a by the Collège Jean Zay, p. 11 Commemoration p. 36 Folks Lieder, partnership with the le Houlme, of the anniversary Yiddish songs, © Paris association Latet, © Collège Jean Zay. of the Vel d’Hiv Roundup Yiddish Center—Medem presided by Gilles p. 72 Detail of the model in Paris, © Shoah Library. Darmon, for the stained-glass Memorial / CDJC. p. 38 Saül Friedlander, © FMS / David Amar. windows for the p. 12 Professor Jean-Pierre Azema pp. 50 and 51 synagogue at the Ady Steg at the and Annette Wieviorka Inauguration Hadassah Hospital ceremony for Simone at the National Archives, of the panel in Jerusalem, Veil’s departure from the June 5, 2002, © FMS. commemorating the La Tribu de Siméon, Foundation in 2007, p. 39 Tuilerie des Milles Vel d’Hiv Roundup 1959-1960, private © FMS / Philippe Weyl. and train carriage, at the Bir-Hakeim collection, © ADAGP p. 14 Serge Klarsfeld, ® president of the Sons © Camp des Milles metro station, Paris 2011 / Chagall . and Daughters of Jewish Foundation. © FMS / David Amar. P. 74 Postcard of Bar Deportees from France, pp. 40-41 Inauguration p. 52 Anne-Marie Mitzvah, © MAHJ. at the commemoration and poster for the Revcolevschi, p. 77 Illustration by of the Warsaw Ghetto exhibition “The during the launch of the Maurizio A.-C. Quarello, Uprising, April 18, 2010, Destruction of the Aladdin project, 2009 from Trees Cry Too, © Georges Wojakowski. Hungarian Jews” at the © Alain Azria. Rouergue editions, 2009, p. 19 Claude Lanzmann, Mémorial du Maréchal P. 53 Poster for the © Quarello. director, member Leclerc de Hautecloque launch of Shoah in p. 79 Photograph of the Foundation’s et de la Libération Farsi, 2011 of the marriage of Executive Board, at the de Paris-Musée © Aladdin project. Yankev Rozencwajg, Wall of Names, Jean Moulin, P. 55 Frieze with Poland, 1920s January 27, 2009, May 2004, © FMS. the authors of the © Personal archives of © FMS / Pierre Marquis. p. 42 Simone Veil books from the Eva Golgevit. p. 21 Karen Taieb, at Auschwitz-Birkenau, “Testimonies of the Director of the archives January 27, 2005, Shoah” series at the Shoah Memorial, © Élysée. © FMS. © Shoah Memorial p. 43 David de p. 56 Daniel Urbejtel, / CDJC, Florence Rothschild at the deportee, © INA / Martial Brochoire. Yad Vashem Museum, Lorcet. p. 22 Cojasor retirement Jerusalem, p. 58 Helping the elderly, home, © Fondation December 2007, © FSJU / Casip-Cojasor. © Yad Vashem Institute. Daniel Mordzinski. p. 24 Seminar of P. 44 Serge Klarsfeld p. 60 Budapest, October Foundation grant- at the inauguration of or November, 1944, holders, 2007, © FMS. the restored Jews exhibited in the p. 26 Museum-memorial Judenrampe, January 27, streets of Budapest to the children of Vel 2005, © Élysée. by militia members of the d’Hiv in Orléans, p. 45 Photograph from Arrow Cross party, © CERCIL. the Auschwitz Album, © Bundesarchiv Koblenz. p. 27 Interview by Father © Institut Yad Vashem. p. 62 Adolf Eichmann Desbois of Anton p. 46 Screen shot of during his trial, 1961, Kondratievitch Karpouk, Claire Schwartz’s © USHMM / Tomachovka, witness account Shoah Memorial. © Nicolas Tkatchouk, © INA p. 64 Children of Izieu
80 2010 ANNUAL REPORT
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