The Intersecting Identities of an Adolescent Mexican American
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THE INTERSECTING IDENTITIES OF AN ADOLESCENT MEXICAN AMERICAN GIRL CONSTRUCTED VIA HER LITERATE ACTIVITIES by Xiaodi Zhou (Under the Direction of Peter Smagorinsky) ABSTRACT In this case study conducted as a narrative inquiry lasting for three years, the author describes the lived realities of an early adolescent Mexican American girl living with undocumented parents as represented through her transactions with literacy. The body of this paper is organized into three articles. The first article describes my participant’s experiences growing up in an undocumented Mexican American family. Evidence in this paper primarily consists of observations and interview transcripts, wherein she discussed both her mother’s border crossing experience, and her everyday life in the U.S. as the first U.S.-born member of the family. Utilizing Anzaldúa (1987) and DeChaine’s (2012) notion of cultural bordering and García and Wei’s (2014) concept of translanguaging, I describe the way she captured her living experiences and cultural and linguistic positioning through language. The second article focuses on my participant’s literate experiences, particularly writing, as a means to convey her complex cultural and national affiliation. Her dialogic cultural positioning was manifested through translanguaging and hybrid cultural references (Bakhtin, 1986; Bhabha, 1990; García & Wei, 2014). This article derives much of its support from the actual writing she composed, and describes the relationship between language and cultural identity, both in its formation and its expression. I further contend that bilingual and translanguaging processes act as bridge between her cultural and linguistic memberships, and function as indication of her cultural identification. The last article addresses the effect of intersectionality (Núñez, 2014) in my participant’s identity, and how literacy often acts as that intersection. The many dimensions of her identity, from her own race or culture, to her age, to her gender, her class, her geographical region, her relationship with popular culture, her engagements with other cultures, and her spirituality, all intersect with her literacies. These categories of her being engage in complex mutual innervation, so that one dimension’s strengths may compensate for another’s shortcomings. Her identity’s complexities are addressed and their synthesis shown through her speech, behaviors, and writing. INDEX WORDS: Narrative inquiry, Case study, Bakhtin, Núñez, Translanguaging, Hybridity, Literacy, Intersectionality, Border-crossing, Cultural identity, Hermans, Undocumented Mexican immigrants THE INTERSECTING IDENTITIES OF AN ADOLESCENT MEXICAN AMERICAN GIRL CONSTRUCTED VIA HER LITERATE ACTIVITIES by XIAODI ZHOU B.S., Psychology, University of Florida, 2005 M.Ed. & Specialist, Counselor Education, University of Florida, 2009 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ATHENS, GEORGIA 2017 © 2017 Xiaodi Zhou All Rights Reserved THE INTERSECTING IDENTITIES OF AN ADOLESCENT MEXICAN AMERICAN GIRL CONSTRUCTED VIA HER LITERATE ACTIVITIES by XIAODI ZHOU Major Professor: Peter Smagorinsky Committee: Donna Alvermann Linda Harklau Electronic Version Approved: Suzanne Barbour Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2017 DEDICATION I dedicate this to Maria, and all others like her who struggle to find and accept themselves through literacy in a context that may not always be welcoming. May they persevere and reach their loftiest dreams. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to first thank my advisor, Peter Smagorinsky, for your tedious diligence throughout my doctoral process. Thank you for your time and energy with each revision, your thoughtful guidance, and your genuine kindness. Thank you for your deep and insightful reads of countless drafts of my IRBs, proposal, and dissertation. Your tireless work ethic is an inspiration. You rescued me during a critically tough time in my journey, and for that I am forever grateful. I would also like to thank my committee members, Drs. Donna Alvermann and Linda Harklau for your tireless support and guidance throughout the doctoral process. Thank you for your wise advice and genuine care. Your teaching also gave me a more profound vision for literacy education, and its potential in our classrooms. My sincere gratitude also goes to Dr. Michelle Commeyras for giving me the chance to facilitate the Reading Clinic. I want to thank my classmates: Jenn Whitley, Joe Johnson, LaTasha Price, Britney Bogue, and Marianne Campbell for challenging my thinking and for supporting me when I needed help the most. I am forever indebted to your friendships. Thank you to Dee Palmer, Marianne Roberts, and Liz Phillips for all of your administrative help, and Sandra Weir for your kindness. I would also like to thank the community where I conducted my research who opened your arms to me and welcomed my intrusion each week, despite perils that may come from discovery. I admire your courage and persistence in a harsh political context. I thank you for sharing your inspirational stories and of the sacrifices you have made and continue to make, from which I have gained a greater appreciation for my own journey. I am honored to tell your story. I thank Dr. Stephanie Jones for your warmth and the opportunity to get to know this community. v Lastly, I want to thank my family. To mom, for always pushing me and supporting me. Your wisdom and diligence are an inspiration. To Bill, thank you for your support and advice, for your help and guidance. To Teresa, thank you for your love and laughter, for which I am grateful every day. Lastly, thank you to my daughter, Alexandra, who is soon to be born. You are my greatest inspiration, and the love of my life. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ V LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ IX LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ X CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................1 Statement of the Problem .........................................................................................3 Research Questions ..................................................................................................9 Significance of the Research ..................................................................................10 Theoretical Framework ..........................................................................................14 Definition of Key Terms ........................................................................................19 Introduction of Rest of Dissertation .......................................................................24 References ..............................................................................................................25 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................31 Introduction ............................................................................................................31 Theoretical Perspective ..........................................................................................33 Latina Identity ........................................................................................................35 # Writing a Mexican American Ethnic Identity ........................................................46 Writing Dimensions of Mexican American Culture ..............................................54 Discussion ..............................................................................................................69 vii Conclusion .............................................................................................................72 References ..............................................................................................................73 3 GROWING UP IN AN UNDOCUMENTED MEXICAN IMMIGRANT FAMILY .83 Abstract ..................................................................................................................84 Growing up in an Undocumented Mexican Immigrant Family .............................85 Theoretical Framework ..........................................................................................87 Method ...................................................................................................................90 Findings..................................................................................................................94 Discussion ............................................................................................................108 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................115 References ............................................................................................................117 Appendix 1 ...........................................................................................................123 Appendix 2 ...........................................................................................................124 Appendix 3 ...........................................................................................................124