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A Case Study of Antoni Gaudi and Santiago Calatrava

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A Case Study of Antoni Gaudi and Santiago Calatrava World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Architectural and Environmental Engineering Vol:11, No:8, 2017 %LR,QVSLUHG'HVLJQ$SSURDFK$QDO\VLV$&DVH 6WXG\RI$QWRQL*DXGLDQG6DQWLDJR&DODWUDYD 0DU]LHK,PDQL Abstract²Antoni GaudiDQGSantiago CalatravaKDYHUHSXWDWLRQ %LRPRUSKLVP >@ GHFODUHV WKDW %LRPLPLFU\ LV XVHG ZKHQ IRU GHVLJQLQJ ELRLQVSLUHG FUHDWLYH DQG WHFKQLFDO EXLOGLQJV (YHQ LPLWDWLQJQDWXUDOIRUPVLVDFFRPSDQLHGZLWKUHOHYDQWIXQFWLRQV WKRXJKWKH\KDYHIROORZHGGLIIHUHQWLQGHSHQGHQWDSSURDFKHVWRZDUGV DQG SURFHVVHV IRXQG LQ QDWXUH ZKHUHDV %LRPRUSKLVP DSSOLHV GHVLJQWKHVRXUFHRIELRLQVSLUDWLRQVHHPVWREHFRPPRQ7DNLQJD WR FRQGLWLRQV ZKHQ PHUHO\ QDWXUDO IRUPV DUH HPXODWHG 7KH FORVHU ORRN DW WKHLU SURMHFWV UHYHDOV WKDW CalatravaKDVEHHQ LQIOXHQFHG E\ Gaudi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naturalism DQG Uomantic VW\OH LQ PDLQ FDWHJRULHV RI PLPLFU\ DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH H[LVWLQJ DUFKLWHFWXUHDVWKHRXWFRPHRIGHVLJQHUV¶LQFOLQDWLRQWRZDUGVQDWXUH 5HYLHZLQJ WKH OLWHUDWXUH WKHRUHWLFDO EDFNJURXQG DQG SUDFWLFDO ELRPLPHWLF WHFKQRORJLHV 7KH\ DUH WKH “organism” LOOXVWUDWLRQ RI QDWXUH KDYH EHHQ LQFOXGHG 7KH PRVW GRPLQDQW “behaviour”DQG“ecosystem”.(DFKFDWHJRU\FRQVLVWVRIILYH SUDFWLFDO DVSHFWV RI LPLWDWLQJ QDWXUH DUH IRUP DQG IXQFWLRQ 1DWXUH VXEFDWHJRULHV IRUP PDWHULDO FRQVWUXFWLRQ SURFHVV DQG KDV EHHQ UHIOHFWHG LQ DUFKLWHFWXUDO VFLHQFH UHVXOWHG LQ VKDSLQJ IXQFWLRQ 2UJDQLVP OHYHO LQFOXGHV PLPLFNLQJ RUJDQLVPV LQ GLIIHUHQW DUFKLWHFWXUDO VW\OHV VXFK DV RUJDQLF JUHHQ VXVWDLQDEOH SDUW RU LQ ZKROH %HKDYLRXU OHYHO LV UHIHUUHG WR LPLWDWLQJ ELRQLF DQG ELRPRUSKLF %\ GHILQLQJ D VHW RI FRPPRQ DVSHFWV RI RUJDQLVP¶V EHKDYLRXUDO DVSHFWV LQ D ODUJH FRQWH[W DQG LQ WKH *DXGL DQG CalatravaµV GHVLJQ DSSURDFK DQG E\ FRQVLGHULQJ ELRPLPHWLFGHVLJQFDWHJRULHV RUJDQLVPHFRV\VWHPDQGEHKDYLRXUDV HFRV\VWHP OHYHO WKH ZKROH HFRV\VWHP LV HPXODWHG LQ WKH PDLQ GLYLVLRQ DQG IRUP IXQFWLRQ SURFHVV PDWHULDO DQG DUFKLWHFWXUDOGHVLJQ>@ FRQVWUXFWLRQDVVXEGLYLVLRQV Gaudi’sDQGCalatrava¶VSURMHFWKDYH EHHQDQDO\VHG7KLVDQDO\VLVH[SORUHVLIWKHLUGHVLJQDSSURDFKHVDUH 7$%/(, HTXLYDOHQW RU GLIIHUHQW%DVHGRQ WKLVDQDO\VLVGaudi¶VDUFKLWHFWXUH /(9(/62)0,0,&5<>@ FDQ EH UHFRJQLVHG DV biomorphicZKLOHCalatrava¶V SURMHFWV DUH 7KUHH/HYHOVRI0LPLFU\ OLWHUDOO\ ELRPLPHWLF 5HIHUULQJ WR WKHVH DUFKLWHFWV WKLV UHYLHZ 2UJDQLVP %HKDYLRU (FRV\VWHP VXJJHVWVDQHZVHWRISULQFLSOHVE\ZKLFKDELRLQVSLUHGSURMHFWFDQ )RUP )XQFWLRQ 0DWHULDO 3URFHVV &RQVWUXFWLRQ EHGHWHUPLQHGHLWKHUELRPRUSKLFRUELRPLPHWLF ,, ,163,5$7,21)5201$785( Keywords²%LRPLPLFU\&DODWUDYD*DXGLQDWXUH A. 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