DOCSLIB.ORG

OREGON BULLETIN Supplements the 2011 Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
OREGON BULLETIN Supplements the 2011 Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation OREGON BULLETIN Supplements the 2011 Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation Volume 50, No. 3 March 1, 2011 For January 18, 2011–February 15, 2011 Published by KATE BROWN Secretary of State Copyright 2011 Oregon Secretary of State INFORMATION AND PUBLICATION SCHEDULE General Information issue of the Bulletin that contains the full text of the amended rule. The Bulletin contains the full text of permanent and temporary rules The Administrative Rules Unit, Archives Division, Secretary filed for publication. of State publishes the Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation and the on-line Oregon Bulletin. The Oregon Administrative Rules Locating Administrative Rules Unit Publications Compilation is an annual print publication containing the complete The Oregon Administrative Rules Compilation and the Oregon text of Oregon Administrative Rules (OARs) filed during the Bulletin are available on-line through the Oregon State Archives web previous year through November 15, or the last workday before that site at <http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us>. Printed volumes of the Com- if the 15th falls on a weekend or holiday. The Oregon Bulletin is a pilation are deposited in Oregon’s Public Documents Depository monthly on-line supplement that contains rule text amended after Libraries listed in OAR 543-070-0000. Complete sets and individ- publication of the print Compilation, as well as proposed rulemaking ual volumes of the Compilation may be ordered by contacting: and rulemaking hearing notices. The Bulletin also publishes certain Administrative Rules Unit, Archives Division, 800 Summer Street non-OAR items such as Executive Orders of the Governor, Opinions NE, Salem, OR 97310, (503) 373-0701, [email protected] of the Attorney General, and Department of Environmental Quality cleanup notices. 2010–2011 Oregon Bulletin Publication Schedule Background on Oregon Administrative Rules The Administrative Rules Unit accepts proposed rulemaking notices and administrative rule filings Monday through Friday, 8:00 ORS 183.310(9) defines “rule” as “any agency directive, standard, am to 5:00 pm, at the Oregon State Archives, 800 Summer Street NE, regulation or statement of general applicability that implements, Salem, Oregon 97310. To expedite the rulemaking process agencies interprets or prescribes law or policy, or describes the procedure or are encouraged file a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking Hearing practice requirements of any agency.” Agencies may adopt, amend, specifying hearing date, time and location, and submit their filings repeal or renumber rules, permanently or temporarily (up to 180 early in the submission period to meet the following deadlines: days), using the procedures outlined in the Oregon Attorney Gener- al’s Administrative Law Manual. The Administrative Rules Unit assists agencies with the notification, filing and publication require- Submission Deadline — Publishing Date ments of the administrative rulemaking process. December 15, 2010 January 1, 2011 How to Cite January 14, 2011 February 1, 2011 February 15, 2011 March 1, 2011 Every administrative rule uses the same numbering sequence of March 15, 2011 April 1, 2011 a three-digit chapter number followed by a three-digit division num- April 15, 2011 May 1, 2011 ber and a four-digit rule number (000-000-0000). Example: Oregon May 13, 2011 June 1, 2011 Administrative Rules, chapter 166, division 500, rule 0020 (short June 15, 2011 July 1, 2011 form: OAR 166-500-0020). July 15, 2011 August 1, 2011 August 15, 2011 September 1, 2011 Understanding an Administrative Rule’s “History” September 15, 2011 October 1, 2011 October 14, 2011 November 1, 2011 State agencies operate in a dynamic environment of ever-chang- November 15, 2011 December 1, 2011 ing laws, public concerns and legislative mandates which necessitate ongoing rulemaking. To track changes to individual rules and organ- ize the rule filing forms for permanent retention, the Administrative Reminder for Agency Rules Coordinators Rules Unit has developed for each rule a “history” which is located at the end of the rule text. An administrative rule “history” outlines Each agency that engages in rulemaking must appoint a rules coor- the statutory authority, statutes implemented and dates of each dinator and file an “Appointment of Agency Rules Coordinator” authorized modification to the rule text. Changes are listed in chrono- form, ARC 910-2003, with the Administrative Rules Unit, Archives Division, Secretary of State. Agencies which delegate rulemaking logical order and identify in abbreviated form the agency, filing num- authority to an officer or employee within the agency must also file ber, year, filing date and effective date. For example: “OSA 4-1993, a “Delegation of Rulemaking Authority” form, ARC 915-2005. It is f. & cert. ef. 11-10-93” documents a rule change made by the the agency’s responsibility to monitor the rulemaking authority of Oregon State Archives (OSA). The history notes this was the 4th selected employees and to keep the appropriate forms updated. The filing from the Archives in 1993, it was filed on November 10, 1993 Administrative Rules Unit does not verify agency signatures as part and the rule changes became effective on the same date. The most of the rulemaking process. Forms are available from the Adminis- recent change to each rule is listed at the end of the “history.” trative Rules Unit, Archives Division, 800 Summer Street NE, Salem, Oregon 97301, (503) 373-0701, or are downloadable at <http:// Locating the Most Recent Version of arcweb.sos.state.or.us/banners/rules.htm> an Administrative Rule The on-line OAR Compilation is updated on the first of each month Publication Authority to include all rule actions filed with the Administrative Rules Unit, The Oregon Bulletin is published pursuant to ORS 183.360(3). Secretary of State’s office by the 15th of the previous month, or by Copies of the original Administrative Orders may be obtained from the last workday before the 15th if that date falls on a weekend or the Archives Division, 800 Summer Street, Salem, Oregon, 97310; holiday. The annual printed OAR Compilation contains the full text (503) 373-0701. The Archives Division charges for such copies. of all rules filed during the previous year through November 15, or the last workday before that if the 15th falls on a weekend or holiday. Subsequent changes to individual administrative rules are listed by rule number in the OAR Revision Cumulative Index which is published monthly in the on-line Oregon Bulletin. These listings © January 1, 2011 Oregon Secretary of State. All rights reserved. Reproduction include the effective date, the specific rulemaking action, and the in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. Oregon Bulletin March 2011: Volume 50, No. 3 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Board of Tax Practitioners, Chapter 800................................24–31 Information and Publication Schedule ..............................2 Bureau of Labor and Industries, Chapter 839........................31, 32 Table of Contents ................................................................3 Department of Agriculture, Chapter 603................................32–34 Executive Orders .............................................................4, 5 Department of Agriculture, Oregon Sheep Commission, Chapter 644 ...............................34 Other Notices....................................................................6, 7 Department of Consumer and Business Services, Notices of Proposed Rulemaking Hearings/Notices Building Codes Division, Chapter 918..............................34–36 The citations and statements required by ORS 183.335(2)(b)(A)–(D) Division of Finance and Corporate Securities, have been filed with and are available from the Secretary of State. Chapter 441...................................................................36–38 Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Chapter 811.............................8 Insurance Division, Chapter 836 .......................................38–43 Department of Agriculture, Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division, Oregon Dairy Products Commission, Chapter 617...................8 Chapter 437...................................................................43–49 Department of Community Colleges and Workforce Department of Corrections, Chapter 291 ...............................49, 50 Development, Chapter 589....................................................8, 9 Department of Fish and Wildlife, Chapter 635......................50–68 Department of Consumer and Business Services, Department of Human Services, Building Codes Division, Chapter 918......................................9 Children, Adults and Families Division: Department of Energy, Chapter 330...............................................9 Self-Sufficiency Programs, Chapter 461 ......................68–70 Department of Environmental Quality, Chapter 340 ...............9, 10 Vocational Rehabilitation Services, Chapter 582 .........71–82 Department of Fish and Wildlife, Chapter 635............................10 Seniors and People with Disabilities Division, Department of Human Services, Chapter 411.................................................................82–111 Seniors and People with Disabilities Division, Department of Justice, Chapter 137...........................................111 Chapter 411.........................................................................10 Department of Oregon State Police, Chapter 257..............111–115 Department of Justice,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Relationships of Brown Frogs from Taiwan and Japan Assessed by Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene Sequences (Rana: Ranidae)
    ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 15: 283–288 (1998) © 1998 Zoological Society of Japan Phylogenetic Relationships of Brown Frogs from Taiwan and Japan Assessed by Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene Sequences (Rana: Ranidae) Tomoko Tanaka-Ueno1*, Masafumi Matsui1, Szu-Lung Chen2, Osamu Takenaka3 and Hidetoshi Ota4 1Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-01, Japan 2Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-01, Japan 3Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484, Japan 4Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-01, Japan ABSTRACT—In order to assess phylogenetic relationships of Taiwanese brown frogs (Rana longicrus and the R. sauteri complex), the partial sequences (587 base pairs) of the mitochondrial cytochrome b genes were compared with six brown frogs from Japan (R. pirica, R. ornativentris, R. japonica, R. tagoi tagoi, R. tsushimensis, and R. okinavana). Resultant phylogenetic trees indicated a considerable genetic differentia- tion between R. longicrus and R. japonica in spite of their close morphological and ecological similarities. The R. sauteri complex includes two genetically distinct groups that are not consistent with current classifica- tion. One group including populations of Alishan (central Taiwan) and Sanyi (western Taiwan) seemed to be closest to R. tagoi and the presumptive common ancestor of these frogs is thought to have diverged very early. Another group including a population from Wulai (northern Taiwan) showed a sister relationship with R. tsushimensis and R. okinavana, both isolated on small islands of Japan. These Taiwanese and Japanese brown frogs as a whole form a monophyletic group, and separation of the R.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographical Variations of Rana Seuterl (Anura: Ranidae) in Taiwan
    Zoological Studies 36(3): 201-221 (1997) Geographical Variations of Rana seuterl (Anura: Ranidae) in Taiwan 2 Wen-Hao ChOU 1,2, * and Jun-Yi Lin IZoology Division, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan 404, R.O.C. Tel: 886-4-3226940 ext. 506 Fax: 886-4-3230787 E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biology, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan 407, R.O.C. (Accepted April 14, 1997) Wen-Hao Chou and Jun-Yi Lin (1997) Geographical variations of Rana sauteri (Anura: Ranidae) in Taiwan. Zoological Studies 36(3): 201-221. Rana sauteri is widely distributed in hills and mountains of Taiwan from 100 to 3000 m in elevation, a range including SUbtropical to cool temperate climatic zones. Both the gastro­ myzophorous tadpoles and adults have distinct geographical variations in morphology. Clinal variation in the shape of the upper jaw sheath and the number of labial tooth rows occurs from the foothills of western Taiwan eastward through the Central Mountain Range to the eastern slopes of the Central Mountain Range. This geographical pattern is supported and validated by multivariate analyses of adult morphology. Ac­ cording to the dispersal hypothesis, this geographical pattern may suggest that the dispersal center (= initial range of the ancestral group) was located in the western foothills, and it may indicate that the population expanded radially through the clinally variable transition zone to areas adjacent to the ridge of the Central Mountain Range (= range of the derived group). However, the establishment of the geographical pattern of R. sauteri seems to be better explained by the vicariance hypothesis which supports the occurrence of isolation-based dichotomous divergence within this grossly defined taxon.
    [Show full text]
  • Elevational Variation in Reproductive and Life History Traits of Sauter's
    Zoological Studies 42(1): 193-202 (2003) Elevational Variation in Reproductive and Life History Traits of Sauter’s Frog Rana sauteri Boulenger, 1909 in Taiwan Su-Ju Lai1,2, Yeong-Choy Kam3 and Yao-Sung Lin1,* 1Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, R.O.C. 2Zoology Division, Taiwan Endemic Species Research Institute, Chichi, Nantou, Taiwan 552, R.O.C. 3Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan 500, R.O.C. (Accepted October 23, 2002) Su-Ju Lai, Yeong-Choy Kam and Yao-Sung Lin (2003) Elevational variation in reproductive and life history traits of Sauter’s frog Rana sauteri Boulenger, 1909 in Taiwan. Zoological Studies 42(1): 193-202. Sauter’s frog, Rana sauteri Boulenger, 1909 in the west-central part of the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan at eleva- tions of 300 to 2360 m showed obvious elevational clines in reproductive and life cycle traits. With an increase in elevation, the breeding season and the periods of calling, aggregation, and egg deposition of mature frogs shifted from fall and winter (Oct. to Dec.) to spring (May), while the breeding period decreased but the larval period increased. Also, adult females at high elevations were larger and produced smaller clutch sizes but larg- er eggs and tadpoles. The temperature experiment showed that low temperatures in winter at high elevations and high temperatures in summer at low elevations are the primary environmental factors that define the breed- ing success of the species. Rana sauteri has experienced long-term selection by environmental factors (e.g., temperature), resulting in populations at high elevations breeding in spring and populations at low elevations breeding in fall and winter to ensure that their tadpoles can grow and complete metamorphosis.
    [Show full text]
  • (Amphibia: Ranidae) on Sumatra, Indonesia
    Phylogenetic systematics, diversity, and biogeography of the frogs with gastromyzophorous tadpoles (Amphibia: Ranidae) on Sumatra, Indonesia Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Fachbereich Biologie An der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der Universität Hamburg Vorgelegt von Umilaela Arifin Hamburg, 2018 Tag der Disputation: 25 January 2019 Folgende Gutachter empfehlen die Annahme der Dissertation: 1. Prof. Dr. Alexander Haas 2. Prof. Dr. Bernhard Hausdorf “To reach the same destination, some people might only need one step but some other people might need two, three, a hundred, or a thousand steps. Never give up! Some are successful because they work harder than other people, not because they are smart.” –dti- Preface Preface It is such a relief to have finally finished writing this dissertation entitled “Phylogenetic systematics, diversity, and biogeography of the frogs with gastromyzophorous tadpoles (Amphibia: Ranidae) on Sumatra, Indonesia”. Thank to Allah, who has always embraced me in any situation, especially during my doctoral studies. The work I have done over the past five years is dedicated not only to myself, but also to all the people, who came into my life for various reasons. Also, this thesis is my small contribution to Indonesia (the “Ibu Pertiwi”) and its fascinating biodiversity. I hope to continue actively contributing to the field of herpetology in the future, simply because it is my greatest passion! During my childhood, especially through my high school years, it never crossed my mind that I would end up becoming a scientist. Coming from an ordinary Indonesian family and living in a small town made my parents worry about the education their children would need, in order to have a better life in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Intraspecific Relationships of Populations of the Brown Frog Rana Sauteri (Ranidae) on Taiwan, Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Sequences
    ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 26: 608–616 (2009) ¤ 2009 Zoological Society of Japan Intraspecific Relationships of Populations of the Brown Frog Rana sauteri (Ranidae) on Taiwan, Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Sequences Nian-Hong Jang-Liaw1* and Tsung-Han Lee2 1Department of Zoology, National Museum of Natural Science, 1st Kuang-Chien Rd., Taichung 40453, Taiwan 2Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan We studied the phylogenetic relationships among populations of Rana sauteri using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 244 samples from 29 localities in Taiwan. We detected 77 haplotypes among these sequences. The phylogenetic trees contained five distinct lineages: the northern (NL), eastern (EL), southern hill (SHL), northern mountain (NML), and south- ern mountain (SML) lineages, defined by geographical distribution. The lineage phylogeny did not support the two-species hypothesis inferred from larval morphology. To describe the possible col- onization history of R. sauteri in Taiwan, we propose hypotheses of within-island differentiation and a multiple-invasion model. Using a molecular clock, we estimated the order of divergence times between lineages in order to test the migration hypothesis. The multiple-invasion model was well supported by the phylogeny and a nested clade network. Key words: Rana sauteri, mtDNA, cytochrome b, phylogeography, Taiwan include Guangxi Province, China (Tian and Jian, 1986; Zhao INTRODUCTION and Adler, 1993). Unfortunately, no specimens of R. sauteri Taiwan is a subtropical island located between 21°53’N from China were located for examination. Smith (1921) and 25°37’N, with mountains up to 3952 m high.
    [Show full text]
  • Taipei Frog Rana Taipehensis As an Example H.-C
    90 AMPHIBIAN CONSERVATION Int. Zoo Yb. (2008) 42: 90–98 DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.2008.00049.x Involving local communities in amphibian conservation: Taipei frog Rana taipehensis as an example H.-C. LIN1, L.-Y. CHENG2, P.-C. CHEN3 & M.-H. CHANG4 1CEO Wildlife Conservation & Research Center, 2Assistant Researcher, 3Director, and 4Researcher, Taipei Zoo, Taipei, Taiwan 11628, Republic of China E-mail: [email protected] Farmland is an important habitat for many amphibians. inhabit farmlands, and so agrobiodiversity is However, the widespread and prolonged use of agro- an important part of global biological diver- chemicals creates predictable difficulties and limitations for the conservation of agrobiodiversity. Farmland is an sity. Owing to its climate and its rice-con- ecosystem in which human forces are greatly involved; suming culture, Taiwan’s farmland consists therefore, conservation of natural resources in agricultural mainly of paddy fields. These fields, along ecosystems must also relate to the existence of humans in with the irrigating canals and farm pools of order to achieve its goal. The Taipei frog Rana taipehensis this agricultural system, have much to do has become a seriously threatened species in Taiwan because of wetland destruction and extensive use of agro- with the area’s amphibian biodiversity. chemicals on farmland. Nowadays, the species can only be However, farmland is traditionally focused found in Taipei, Taoyuan, Tainan and Pingtung Counties. on producing agricultural products, a goal Since 1999, Taipei Zoo has been surveying the distribution that can conflict with the conservation of of Taipei frogs in Sanzhi, a small town in northern Taiwan.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 Pipeng Et Al New Brown Frog:Layout 1.Qxd
    pp.62–70 Asiatic Herpetological Research, Vol. 11 2008 A New Species of Brown Frog from Bohai, China PIPENG LI1,*, YUYAN LU1 AND ANG LI1 1Liaoning Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolution, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China. *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Abstract.- A new species of brown frog is described from Mt. Culai in Shandong province, China. The new species differs from other Chinese members of the R. longicrus group (R. zhenhaiensis, R. chaochiaoensis and R. omeimontis) in that the head is wider than long and female leg is longer than that of the male. Furthermore, the body is larger the web on the inner side of the male fifth toe nearly extends to the toe tip, the dorsal color is reddish-brown, there are no gray or dark bars across the eyes or spots on the back, the labial tooth row formula is frequently 3(2-3)/3, the male tibia is slightly longer than the foot, the dorsal masculine line is absent and the ventral masculine line is weakly devel- oped. Keywords.- Ranidae, Rana, brown frog, new species, China. Introduction al., 2006; Lu and Li, 2002), 500 km away from Mt. Culai. The present study, part of a project funded by the Brown frogs, also known as wood frogs (Liu, 1946), are National Natural Science Foundation of China, was con- a widespread, complex and diverse group in the genus ducted in a region near the Bohai Sea, where the authors Rana. Thirteen brown frogs are known from China, five collected three species of brown frogs (Li et al., 2005; Li of which were previously recognized as R.
    [Show full text]
  • Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis And
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Assessing the threat of two deadly fungal pathogens (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans) to amphibian biodiversity and the impacts of human- mediated movement of an invasive carrier species and climate change A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Environmental Science and Engineering by Tiffany Ann Yap 2016 © Copyright by Tiffany Ann Yap 2016 Abstract of the Dissertation Assessing the threat of two deadly fungal pathogens (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans) to amphibian biodiversity and the impacts of human- mediated movement of an invasive carrier species and climate change by Tiffany Ann Yap Doctor of Environmental Science and Engineering University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Richard F. Ambrose, Co-Chair Professor Vance T. Vredenburg, Co-Chair Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a fungal pathogen that causes chytridiomycosis in amphibians, has infected >500 species and caused declines and extinctions in >200 species. Recently, a second deadly fungal pathogen that also causes chytridiomycosis, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) was discovered. The presence of these lethal pathogens in international trade threatens amphibian diversity. In this dissertation, I use a novel modeling approach to predict disease risk from Bd and/or Bsal to amphibian populations in North America and Asia by incorporating pathogen habitat suitability, host availability, the potential presence of an invasive carrier species, and pathogen invasion history. First I identify Bsal threat to North American salamanders to be greatest in the Southeast US, the West Coast, and highlands of Mexico. I then ii investigate the compounded risk of Bd and Bsal in North America and find highest relative risk in those same areas and in the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the northern Rocky Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Rana: Ranidae): Results of a Phylogenetic Analysis
    动 物 学 研 究 2010，Aug. 31(4): 353−360 CN 53-1040/Q ISSN 0254-5853 Zoological Research DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.04353 Validity and Systematic Position of Rana altaica (Rana: Ranidae): Results of a Phylogenetic Analysis YANG Jun-Xiao1, 2, ZHOU Wei-Wei2, RAO Ding-Qi2, POYARKOV A Nikolay3, 4, KUZMIN Sergius L5, CHE Jing2 ,* (1. Center for Chinese Endemic Herp-breeding and Conservation Research and Liaoning Key Laboratory of Evolution and Biodiversity, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; 3. Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Biological faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, GSP-1, 119991, Russia; 4. National Museum of Natural History—Naturalis, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands; 5. A.N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky Prospect, 119071 Moscow, Russia) Abstract: In order to evaluate the phylogenetic position and validity of Rana altaica, we investigated the phylogeny of brown frogs in Eurasia by Bayesian Inference and Maximum Parsimony analyses of a fragment from the mitochondrial DNA gene Cytochrome b. Both analyses resolved R. altaica as nesting deeply within R. arvalis. Most samples of the nominal R. altaica from the Altai region and specimens from Central Siberia shared a haplotype with R. arvalis based on the network analysis. The matrilineal relationships suggested that R. altaica should be considered as a junior synonym of R. arvalis. Furthermore, our study suggested that the species group division of Chinese brown frogs should be re-evaluated within a phylogenetic context.
    [Show full text]
  • Division 056
    Attachment 4 DIVISION 056 IMPORTATION, POSSESSION, CONFINEMENT, TRANSPORTATION AND SALE OF NONNATIVE WILDLIFE 635–056–0000 Purpose and General Information (1) The purpose of these rules is to protect Oregon’s native wildlife. These rules aim for this goal by regulating human actions involving nonnative wildlife (whether those actions involve trade in nonnative wildlife or involve interaction with nonnative species in the wild). The rules allow private use or ownership of nonnative species to the extent that they do not pose a significant risk of harm to native species. (2) Scientific taxonomic nomenclature and common names reflect the following: (a) Mammals – “Walker’s Mammals of the World”, 6th Edition, R. M. Nowak, 1999. (b) Amphibians and Reptiles – “A Complete Guide to Scientific and Common Names of Reptiles and Amphibians of the World”, N. Frank and E. Ramus, 1996. (c) Birds – “Birds of the World: A Checklist”, J. F. Clements, 1991. (d) Fish (except subfamily Serrisalminae) – “Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, [and] Canada, and Mexico”, [C.R.Robins, et. al., 1991] 6th Edition, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 29, J. S. Nelson et al., 2004. Subfamily Serrisalminae: “World Fishes Important to North Americans”, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 21, C. R. Robins et al., 1991. (e) Mollusks – “Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks”, 2nd Edition, American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, D. D. Turgeon et al., 1998. Div. 056 - 1 (f) Crustaceans (except whiteleg shrimp) – “Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Crustaceans”, American Fisheries Society Special Publication [16, A.B.
    [Show full text]
  • Litoria Wilcoxii)
    Behavioural Ecology, Reproductive Biology and Colour Change Physiology in the Stony Creek Frog (Litoria wilcoxii) Author Kindermann, Christina Published 2017 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School Griffith School of Environment DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/1098 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367513 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Behavioural ecology, reproductive biology and colour change physiology in the Stony Creek Frog (Litoria wilcoxii) Christina Kindermann B. Sc. (Hons) Griffith University School of Environment Environmental Futures Research Institute Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2016 Abstract Many animals possess the remarkable ability to change their skin colour. Colour change can have several potential functions, including communication, thermoregulation and camouflage. However, while the physiological mechanisms and functional significance of colour change in other vertebrates have been well studied, the role of colour change in amphibians is still relatively unknown and a disconnection between morphology, physiology and function exists in the literature (review presented in chapter 2). In this thesis, I investigate these multidisciplinary components to understand the processes and functions of colour change in stony creek frogs (Litoria wilcoxii), which are known to turn bright yellow during the breeding season. By (1 – Chapter 3) examining the distribution and structure of dermal pigment cells, (2– Chapter 4) determining hormonal triggers of rapid colour change, (3– Chapter 5) investigating seasonal colour, hormone and disease relationships and (4– Chapter 6) determining the evolutionary functions of colour change, I provide a comprehensive explanation of this phenomenon in L.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary and Biogeographic Origins of High Tropical Diversity in Old World Frogs (Ranidae)
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00610.x EVOLUTIONARY AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC ORIGINS OF HIGH TROPICAL DIVERSITY IN OLD WORLD FROGS (RANIDAE) John J. Wiens,1,2 Jeet Sukumaran,3 R. Alexander Pyron4 and Rafe M. Brown3 1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794 2E-mail: [email protected] 3Natural History Museum, Biodiversity Research Center, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7561 4Department of Biology, The Graduate School and University Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016 Received May 24, 2008 Accepted November 17, 2008 Differences in species richness between regions are ultimately explained by patterns of speciation, extinction, and biogeographic dispersal. Yet, few studies have considered the role of all three processes in generating the high biodiversity of tropical regions. A recent study of a speciose group of predominately New World frogs (Hylidae) showed that their low diversity in temperate regions was associated with relatively recent colonization of these regions, rather than latitudinal differences in diversification rates (rates of speciation–extinction). Here, we perform parallel analyses on the most species-rich group of Old World frogs (Ranidae; ∼1300 species) to determine if similar processes drive the latitudinal diversity gradient. We estimate a time-calibrated phylogeny for 390 ranid species and use this phylogeny to analyze patterns of biogeography and diversification rates. As in hylids, we find a strong relationship between the timing of colonization of each region and its current diversity, with recent colonization of temperate regions from tropical regions.
    [Show full text]