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Black Robes at the Edge of Empire: Jesuits, Natives, and Colonial Crisis in Early Detroit, 1728-1781 Eric J
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library Spring 5-10-2019 Black Robes at the Edge of Empire: Jesuits, Natives, and Colonial Crisis in Early Detroit, 1728-1781 Eric J. Toups University of Maine, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Canadian History Commons, Diplomatic History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Toups, Eric J., "Black Robes at the Edge of Empire: Jesuits, Natives, and Colonial Crisis in Early Detroit, 1728-1781" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2958. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/2958 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BLACK ROBES AT THE EDGE OF EMPIRE: JESUITS, NATIVES, AND COLONIAL CRISIS IN EARLY DETROIT, 1728-1781 By Eric James Toups B.A. Louisiana State University, 2016 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (in History) The Graduate School The University of Maine May 2019 Advisory Committee: Jacques Ferland, Associate Professor of History, Advisor Stephen Miller, Adelaide & Alan Bird Professor and History Department Chair Liam Riordan, Professor of History BLACK ROBES AT THE EDGE OF EMPIRE: JESUITS, NATIVES, AND COLONIAL CRISIS IN EARLY DETROIT, 1728-1781 By Eric James Toups Thesis Advisor: Dr. Jacques Ferland An Abstract of the Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (in History) May 2019 This thesis examines the Jesuit missionaries active in the region of Detroit and how their role in that region changed over the course of the eighteenth century and under different colonial regimes. -
Indianapolis Germans and the Beginning Ofthe Civil War/ Based
CHAPTER XIII THE CIVIL WAR We shall really see what Germans patriots can do! August Willich, German immigrant, commander of the Indiana 32nd (German) Regiment, and Union general, 1861. In the Civil War it would be difficult to paint in too strong colors what I may well-nigh call the all importance of the American citizens of German birth and extraction toward the cause of Union and Liberty. President Theodore Roosevelt, 1903. Chapter XIII THE CIVIL WAR Contents INTRODUCTION 1. HOOSIER GERMANS IN THE WAR FOR THE UNION William A. Fritsch (1896) 2. THE GERMANS OF DUBOIS COUNTY Elfrieda Lang 2.1 REMEMBERING TWO CIVIL WAR SOLDIERS: NICHOLAS AND JOHN KREMER OF CELESTINE, DUBOIS COUNTY George R. Wilson 3. FIGHTING FOR THE NEW FATHERLAND: INDIANAPOLIS GERMANS AND THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR Theodore Stempfel 4. DIE TURNVEREINE (THE TURNERS) Mark Jaeger 5. WAR CLOUDS OVER EVANSVILLE James E. Morlock 6. CAPTAIN HERMAN STURM AND THE AMMUNITION PROBLEM Jacob Piatt Dunn (1910) 6.1 COLONEL STURM Michael A. Peake, (ed) 7. THE FIRST INDIANA BATTERY, LIGHT ARTILLERY Frederick H. Dyer 7.1 FIRST INDIANA BATTERY VETERAN CHRISTIAN WUNDERLICH History of Vanderburgh County 8. THE SIXTH INDIANA BATTERY, LIGHT ARTILLERY 8.1 JACOB LOUIS BIELER, VETERAN OF SHILOH Jacob Bieler Correspondence 8.2 JACOB L. BIELER Jacob Piatt Dunn (1919) 9. 32ND REGIMENT INDIANA INFANTRY ("1st GERMAN REGIMENT") Frederick H. Dyer 1 10. AUGUST WILLICH-THE ECCENTRIC GERMAN GENERAL Karen Kloss 11. PRESS COVERAGE—1st GERMAN, 32nd REGIMENT INDIANA VOLUNTEERS Michael A. Peake, (ed) 12. THE NATION’S OLDEST CIVIL WAR MONUMENT Michael A. -
River Raisin National Battlefield Park Lesson Plan Template
River Raisin National Battlefield Park 3rd to 5th Grade Lesson Plans Unit Title: “It’s Not My Fault”: Engaging Point of View and Historical Perspective through Social Media – The War of 1812 Battles of the River Raisin Overview: This collection of four lessons engage students in learning about the War of 1812. Students will use point of view and historical perspective to make connections to American history and geography in the Old Northwest Territory. Students will learn about the War of 1812 and study personal stories of the Battles of the River Raisin. Students will read and analyze informational texts and explore maps as they organize information. A culminating project will include students making a fake social networking page where personalities from the Battles will interact with one another as the students apply their learning in fun and engaging ways. Topic or Era: War of 1812 and Battles of River Raisin, United States History Standard Era 3, 1754-1820 Curriculum Fit: Social Studies and English Language Arts Grade Level: 3rd to 5th Grade (can be used for lower graded gifted and talented students) Time Required: Four to Eight Class Periods (3 to 6 hours) Lessons: 1. “It’s Not My Fault”: Point of View and Historical Perspective 2. “It’s Not My Fault”: Battle Perspectives 3. “It’s Not My Fault”: Character Analysis and Jigsaw 4. “It’s Not My Fault”: Historical Conversations Using Social Media Lesson One “It’s Not My Fault!”: Point of View and Historical Perspective Overview: This lesson provides students with background information on point of view and perspective. -
"Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2017 "Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country. Jennifer L. Miller Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Miller, Jennifer L., ""Our Own Flesh and Blood?": Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth- Century Ohio Country." (2017). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 8183. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/8183 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Our Own Flesh and Blood?”: Delaware Indians and Moravians in the Eighteenth-Century Ohio Country Jennifer L. Miller Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences At West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Tyler Boulware, Ph.D., chair Melissa Bingmann, Ph.D. Joseph Hodge, Ph.D. Brian Luskey, Ph.D. Rachel Wheeler, Ph.D. Department of History Morgantown, West Virginia 2017 Keywords: Moravians, Delaware Indians, Ohio Country, Pennsylvania, Seven Years’ War, American Revolution, Bethlehem, Gnadenhütten, Schoenbrunn Copyright 2017 Jennifer L. -
Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg, Ontario Canada
Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg, Ontario Canada A WISE NATION PRESERVES ITS RECORDS GATHERS UP ITS MUNIMENTS DECORATES THE TOMBS OF ITS ILLUS TRIOUS DEAD REPAIRS ITS GREAT PUBLIC STRUCTURES AND FOSTERS NA TIONAL PRIDE AND LOVE OF COUNTRY BY PERPETUAL REFERENCE TO THE SACRIFICES AND GLORIES OF THE PAST. Joseph Howe Issued under the authority of THE HONOURABLE JEAN LESAGE, Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources Interior of Museum, Fort Maiden National Historic Park Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg—Ontario ORT MALDEN NATIONAL HISTORIC PARK, Amherstburg, Ontario, is situated F on the east bank of the Detroit River and is easily accessible from the cities of Windsor and Detroit, distant eighteen miles to the north. The Park contains part of the remaining earthworks of Fort Maiden, and on the grounds stands a fireproof museum built in 1939. An adjoining property was purchased in 1946 to allow expansion of the Park facilities. Fort Maiden was built in 1797-99 by the Second Battalion of the Royal Can adian Volunteers, under Captain Hector McLean, to replace Fort Lernoult at Detroit, one of the posts evacuated by the British in 1796 as a result of the Jay Treaty. The town of Amherstburg came into existence at the same time, a portion of the Military Reserve being laid out as a townsite. As the successor to Fort Lernoult at Detroit, which in turn had replaced the old French fort of Pontchartrain, Maiden fell heir to a history going back more than two centuries. Sanson's Map of New France, 1650, gives details of the region and it is generally believed that the information it contains was furnished by Father Bre- beuf. -
War Council to Meet on the ‘FIFTEENTH of the MOON’; the Phases of the Moon Were Used As the Indians’ Way of Establishing Time
THE PONTIAC COUNCIL & PONTIAC’S WAR* Historical background: 1763 *Variously referred to as Pontiac’s War, Pontiac’s Uprising, Pontiac’s Rebellion, or the Conspiracy of Pontiac. WHO: PONTIAC, or Obwandiyag (born ca. 1720 – April 20, 1769), was a Native American Ottawa war leader, remembered for his participation in the struggle against British occupation of the Great Lakes region that bears his name: Pontiac's War. Pontiac rose to great fame and importance during this war, and yet the documentary evidence of Pontiac's life is scanty. Much of what has been written about the chief has been based on tradition and speculation, and so depictions of him have varied greatly over the years. Beyond Pontiac himself, we turn to a literal cast of thousands on the 1763 stage: the CHIEFTAINS and WARRIORS of the Indian Nations of the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley regions; the British SOLDIERS and OFFICERS who commanded and garrisoned the forts in the region; the British SETTLERS with the aim of moving westward from the crowded English/American colonies; the French HABITANTS who had lived in the region for generations; and the French & British TRADERS, all hoping to make their fortunes here. [For a list of important names see the last pages.] [portrait of Pontiac by John Mix Stanley, Detroit Historical Museum] Flag of New France 1760 Flag of Britain 1760 WHAT: It is said that Pontiac’s April 1763 COUNCIL on the ECORSE RIVER* was the largest Indian council attended by multiple Nations yet to meet in the western territory. Chiefs and warriors of the Great Lakes Nations were summoned together, and in a few weeks’ time over a dozen tribes would join the campaign. -
A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture
A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture by James Sandy, M.A. A Dissertation In HISTORY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTORATE IN PHILOSOPHY Approved Dr. John R. Milam Chair of Committee Dr. Laura Calkins Dr. Barton Myers Dr. Aliza Wong Mark Sheridan, PhD. Dean of the Graduate School May, 2016 Copyright 2016, James Sandy Texas Tech University, James A. Sandy, May 2016 Acknowledgments This work would not have been possible without the constant encouragement and tutelage of my committee. They provided the inspiration for me to start this project, and guided me along the way as I slowly molded a very raw idea into the finished product here. Dr. Laura Calkins witnessed the birth of this project in my very first graduate class and has assisted me along every step of the way from raw idea to thesis to completed dissertation. Dr. Calkins has been and will continue to be invaluable mentor and friend throughout my career. Dr. Aliza Wong expanded my mind and horizons during a summer session course on Cultural Theory, which inspired a great deal of the theoretical framework of this work. As a co-chair of my committee, Dr. Barton Myers pushed both the project and myself further and harder than anyone else. The vast scope that this work encompasses proved to be my biggest challenge, but has come out as this works’ greatest strength and defining characteristic. I cannot thank Dr. Myers enough for pushing me out of my comfort zone, and for always providing the firmest yet most encouraging feedback. -
Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg, Ontario Canada
Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg, Ontario Canada A WISE NATION PRESERVES ITS RECORDS - - - GATHERS UP ITS MUNIMENTS DECORATES THE TOMBS OF ITS ILLUS TRIOUS DEAD REPAIRS ITS GREAT PUBLIC STRUCTURES AND FOSTERS NA TIONAL PRIDE AND LOVE OF COUNTRY BY PERPETUAL REFERENCE TO THE SACRIFICES AND GLORIES OF THE PAST. Joseph Howe Issued under the authority of the HONOURABLE ALVIN HAMILTON, M.P., Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources Interior of Museum, Fort Maiden National Historic Park Fort Maiden National Historic Park Amherstburg—Ontario ORT MALDEN NATIONAL HISTORIC PARK, Amherstburg, Ontario, is situated F on the east bank of the Detroit River and is easily accessible from the cities of Windsor and Detroit, distant eighteen miles to the north. The Park contains part of the remaining earthworks of Fort Maiden, and on the grounds stands a fireproof museum built in 1939. An adjoining property was purchased in 1946 to allow expansion of the Park facilities. Fort Maiden was built in 1797-99 by the Second Battalion of the Royal Can adian Volunteers, under Captain Hector McLean, to replace Fort Lernoult at Detroit, one of the posts evacuated by the British in 1796 as a result of the Jay Treaty. The town of Amherstburg came into existence at the same time, a portion of the Military Reserve being laid out as a townsite. As the successor to Fort Lernoult at Detroit, which in turn had replaced the old French fort of Pontchartrain, Maiden fell heir to a history going back more than two centuries. Sanson's Map of New France, 1650, gives details of the region and it is generally believed that the information it contains was furnished by Father Bre- beuf. -
Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843
Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio 1654-1843 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org $4.00 TABLE OF CONTENTS Historical Background 03 Trails and Settlements 03 Shelters and Dwellings 04 Clothing and Dress 07 Arts and Crafts 08 Religions 09 Medicine 10 Agriculture, Hunting, and Fishing 11 The Fur Trade 12 Five Major Tribes of Ohio 13 Adapting Each Other’s Ways 16 Removal of the American Indian 18 Ohio Historical Society Indian Sites 20 Ohio Historical Marker Sites 20 Timeline 32 Glossary 36 The Ohio Historical Society 1982 Velma Avenue Columbus, OH 43211 2 Ohio Historical Society www.ohiohistory.org Historic American Indian Tribes of Ohio HISTORICAL BACKGROUND In Ohio, the last of the prehistoric Indians, the Erie and the Fort Ancient people, were destroyed or driven away by the Iroquois about 1655. Some ethnologists believe the Shawnee descended from the Fort Ancient people. The Shawnees were wanderers, who lived in many places in the south. They became associated closely with the Delaware in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Able fighters, the Shawnees stubbornly resisted white pressures until the Treaty of Greene Ville in 1795. At the time of the arrival of the European explorers on the shores of the North American continent, the American Indians were living in a network of highly developed cultures. Each group lived in similar housing, wore similar clothing, ate similar food, and enjoyed similar tribal life. In the geographical northeastern part of North America, the principal American Indian tribes were: Abittibi, Abenaki, Algonquin, Beothuk, Cayuga, Chippewa, Delaware, Eastern Cree, Erie, Forest Potawatomi, Huron, Iroquois, Illinois, Kickapoo, Mohicans, Maliseet, Massachusetts, Menominee, Miami, Micmac, Mississauga, Mohawk, Montagnais, Munsee, Muskekowug, Nanticoke, Narragansett, Naskapi, Neutral, Nipissing, Ojibwa, Oneida, Onondaga, Ottawa, Passamaquoddy, Penobscot, Peoria, Pequot, Piankashaw, Prairie Potawatomi, Sauk-Fox, Seneca, Susquehanna, Swamp-Cree, Tuscarora, Winnebago, and Wyandot. -
Philip Seymour; Or, Pioneer Life in Richland County, Ohio; Founded on Facts James F
University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Settler Literature Archive Department of English 1902 Philip Seymour; or, Pioneer life in Richland county, Ohio; founded on facts James F. M'Gaw Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/settler-literature Recommended Citation M'Gaw, James F., "Philip Seymour; or, Pioneer life in Richland county, Ohio; founded on facts" (1902). Settler Literature Archive. 29. https://commons.und.edu/settler-literature/29 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of English at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Settler Literature Archive by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PhilipSeymour JamesFrancisM'Gaw,AbrahamJ.Baughman,RoeliffBrinkerhoff This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ASTOR, LENOX riJLDEN FOUNDATIONS PHILIP SEYMOUR OR PIONEER LIFE IN RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO FOUNDED ON FACTS BY REV. JAMES F. IVTGAW Author of " THE IMPRESSED SEAMAN," ETC. WITH HISTORICAL ADDENDA BY A. J. BAUGHMAN Secretary RICHLAND COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY THIRD EDITION A. J. BAUGHMAN MANSFIELD, OHIO 1902 THE NEW YC> ,.! ASTOR, LItNOX ,' N D TILDEN FOUNDATIONS , R 1919 L COPYRIGHT Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by R. BRINKERHOFF In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. ASSIGNMENT OF COPYRIGHT The Copyright of this book was assigned by Gen. -
Introduction
THE WINDSOR BORDER REGION INTRODUCTION A. VISITORS BEFORE 1700 THIS historical survey is intended to serve as an introduction to a series of documents relating to the exploration and settlement of Canada's southernmost frontier. A glance at the map of Canada suffices to locate that frontier-the Detroit River region.1 At 42° latitude the eye quickly focuses on a 20-by-30-mile rectangular peninsula whose south, west, and north shores are washed by the waters of Lake Erie, the Detroit River, and Lake St. Clair respec- tively. Today this peninsula is Essex County in the Province of Ontario. Local Chambers of Commerce refer to it as the Sun Parlour of Canada. A recent book which records the development of the county and its chief city, Windsor, during the past century is entitled Garden Gateway to Canada. These last two appellations indicate its frontier position, its mild climate, and its fertile fields. The exploration of the Detroit River region was retarded by the warring expeditions of the Father of New France. In 1609 and 1615, when Champlain accompanied Algonquin and Huron Indians on forays against their Iroquois enemies, whose strongholds were located between the Hudson and Genesee rivers in the present State of New York, he sealed the friendship between the French and the Hurons and Algonquins. At the same time, however, he provoked later alignments of the Iroquois with their Dutch and English neighbours of the Atlantic seaboard, because the savages became convinced that the French were the allies of their Indian enemies. Because of this enmity of the Iroquois for the French, for half a century the French explorers and missionaries could not follow the St. -
THE WAR of 1812 - Historical Timeline
THE WAR OF 1812 - Historical Timeline key dates and events, and local significance Prepared by Heather Colautti of Windsor’s Community Museum • events with local significance are highlighted • Year Date Event Description 1811 November 7 Battle of Considered the first battle of the War of 1812. Tippecanoe, Indiana Takes place between Tecumseh’s brother, The Prophet, and William Henry Harrison (Governor of the Indian Territory’s) army 1812 June 18 US declares war on President James Madison signs war bill into law. Great Britain First time the USA declared war on another nation. 1812 June 28 News of war Colonel St. George, commander at Fort reaches Fort Amherstburg, receives word of war. With about Amherstburg 300 British regular in Amherstburg, he dispatches a detachment of militia to Sandwich. 1812 July 2 Cuyahoga Captured The Cuyahoga, traveling from Toledo to Detroit transporting some officers’ wives and invalids, along with band instruments and American Brigadier-General William Hull’s personal luggage, is captured “... in front of Fort Amherstburg, yielding 45 prisoners and among the booty, American military dispatches and even muster rolls.” 1812 July 5 Americans shell Americans under Hull arrived at Springwell Sandwich (below Detroit) – shell British guns at Sandwich. Local militias withdraw to Amherstburg. 1812 July 8 US bombarded Sandwich 1812 July 12 Americans cross the Americans land near Labadie’s mill on the south Detroit River side of the Detroit River below Hog Island (modern day Belle Isle) and “... march down the road along the bank of the river, to a point opposite the Town...” of Detroit. Hull makes the unfinished home of Francois Baby his headquarters and issues a proclamation that states the Americans fight is with Great Britain, rather than Canada, and that if they do not take up arms against Americans they “..