APPENDIX 33

PiERBE RiQAUD MAEQUIS DB YAUDREUIL, Gf(md Croix de] S'Ordre Royal et Militaire de St. Louis Gouper- neur et Lieutenant General pour le Boi en tovi la nomelle France terres et pais de la Louisianne:—II est ordonne au S. Langlade Lieutenant reforme des Troupes de la Colonie que nous ayons charge de la conduite, des nations Sauvages des pays d'en haut qui s'en retoument dans leurs village de faire le plus de diligence qii'el pourra pour se rendre ayec eUes a Micliillimaldnac, de vieller a ee qu'elles ne fassent aucun vol ni aucune insulte aux canoes des voyageurs qu'elles pourroient rencontrer dans leur route de les entretenir toujours dans leur afctaeliement a la nation francaise en leur faisant Sentir que si nous avons le malheur d'etre pris par I'ennemi, la Colonie ne pourra demeurer tout au plus que quelsque mois en son pouvvir attendre que si la paix n'est pas faite actuelle- ment elle est vraisemblablement sur le point de I'efcre. ISTous prevenons le Sr. Langlade, qu'il passe par nos ordres deux oompagnies de deserteurs des Troupes An- glaise par la Toiye des pays d'en liaut pour se rendre a la Louisianne, les quelles sont commandees par deux Ser- gents dont I'^m Irlandaise k I'autre Allemand, tous deux fort entendu et fort capable de faire observer la discip­ line parmi leur troupe, le de Sr. Langlade aura par con­ sequence attention ses Saurages n'engendrent aucune querelles avec ces deserteu.rs et- ne leur fassent aucun vol ni insulte tant qu'il seront a leur portee, il leur pro- cui-era en outre es iacilites dont ils pouiTont avoir besoin le long de la route et qui poiirront deprendre de lui, il tiendra^aussi la main a ce que les Canadiens destines a mener ces deserteurs ne les abandonnent pas. Fait a Montreal, le 3 Vbr., 1760.

YAUDEE'UIL.

(2.) A MONTBEAL, II 9 '/BRE, 1760. Je vous apprends, Monsieur, que J'ai ete dans la neces- site de capituler Mer avec Tarme du General L'Amerst Cette Ville est comme vous scaurez sans Deffence, nos troupes etoient considerablement Diminues, nos moyens et nos resources totalement epuisees. U APPENDIX.

Nous etions entom*es par trois armes qui revenues, formant 20080 mil bommes. Le General Amerst etoit du 6 de ce mois a la vue des murs de cette Yille. La General Muray aportee d'un de nos faubourgs et Parme du lacq Cbamplain eloit a la prairie et a Lon- g-ueille. Dans ces circonstances ne pouvant rien esperer Des Ef­ forts ni mesme de sacritier des Troupes. J'ai pris sage- ment le parti de capituler avec le General Amerst a des conditions tres avantageuses pour les colons et particu- liei-ement pour les babitans de Mcbilmakinac. En effect, il conserve le libre Exercise de leur EHigion, Ils sont maintenent, dans la possession de leurs biens, meubles, immeubles, et de leurs peltries, Ils out aussi le commerce libre^ tous comme des propres sujets duEoide la grande Bretagne. Les mesme conditions sont accordes aux Militaires, lis peuvent commettre des procureurs pour agir en leurs ab­ sence, de leurs droits, eux et tous les Gitoyens en gene­ ral peuvent vendre aux Anglois ou aux francais leurs biens, en faire passer le produits en france ou I'emporter avec eux s^il le juge appropois de sy retirer a la paix. lis conserveront leurs naigres et panis mais lis sont ob­ liges de rendre ceux qui ont ete pris aux Anglois. Le general Anglois a declare que les Canadiens deve- noient sujets de sa Majeste Bretanique et par cette rai- son le peuple ni'a pas ete conserve dans la coutume De paris. A regard des troupes Ils leurs a ete imposee la* condi­ tion de ne pas servire pendant la present guerre, et de mettre Bas les armes aux devant etre renvoye touts en franco. Tous ferez done, Monsieur, assembler tous les officiers et les soldats qui sont dans votre poste, vous leurs ferez metfcre bas les armes, et vous vous rendrez avec eux a tel port de mer que les jugera apropos pour de la passer en franco. Les citoyens et babitans do Micbilmakinac seront con- APPENDIX 35 sequemment sous le commandement de Pofficier que le general Amerst aura destine pour ce poste. Yous ferez passer une Copie de ma lettre a Si Josepb et dans ces postes des Environs, suppose qu'il y reste quelque soldats, afin qu'eux et ces babitans sy conferm­ ent. Je compte avoir le plaisir de vous voir en france avec tous vos Messiem's. J'ai Pbonneur d'etre tres sincerement, Monsieur, votre tres bumble et tres obeissant serviteur. Sigue en la minute des presentes. YAUDREUIL.

(3.) The first civil appointments under tbe authority of the United States, within the limits of this State, were made hj Gov. Cass, of Michigan, as follows : For Brown county, Oct. 27, 1818, Matthew Irwin, Chief Justice, Commissioner and Judge of Probate; Charles Eeaume, Associate Justice and Justice of the Peace; John Bowyer, Commissioner; EobertIrwin, Jr., Clerk; George Johnston, Sheriff. For Crawford County, same date: Nicholas Boilvin, George W. Johnston, Justices of the Peace. . , May 12, 1819: John W. Johnson, Chief Justice, Nicho­ las Boilvin and Francis Bouthillier, Associate Justices; Wilfred Owens, Judge of Probate; Thomas McN?ir, Sheriff; John L. Findley, Clerk:; Hyacinth St. Gyr and Oliver Sharrier, Supervisors of Pi,oads- The first court held in Brown count}^ and of which any record is preserved, was a special session of the County Court, July 12, 1824—Jacques Porher, Chief Justice; John Lawe, Henry B. Brevoort, Associates. The first term of the United States Circuit Court for Brown county, was held Oct. 4, 1824—James D. Doty, Judge, at which term Henry S. Baird was admitted an at­ torney. In the first decade after the institution of civil govern­ ment, the population of the two counties of Brown and Crawford, was not materially increased by immigration, the estimated number in 1825 being from 700 to 750-— ^ (Report of Com. of Council.) Langlade Papers, 1737-1800

The stranger visiting the ancient settlement of Green Bay as late as 1827^ would have found it in very nearly Its primitive condition. No dwellings, save one or two, of modern structure, no vehicles similar to those found else­ where, and, in fact, no highways in proper condition of improvement for their use. About a half mile above the fort, which was near the mouth of Fox River,. was the usual landing from vessels, where were the remains of the old Lang­ lade and G'rignon mansions—on on:e side the ruins of a grist-mill, and on the other several buildings, more or less in a state of decay, scattered along the river hank, at short intervals; the lianglade and Grrignon possessions 'extend­ ing, either way, a distance of a mile or more. After the death of Pierre Grignon, in 1795, his eldest son, Pierre, Jr., he- came the head of the family, and so continued until his death in 18213; when his brother, Augustin Grignon, assumed a similar position, and managed the large estates which the family had acquired during their long residence at the Bay. His residence was at the Grand Kaukauna, but by his tenants the whole Langlade and Grignon estate was occupied. In the early spring of 1828', I took up my residence within the limits of the present city of Green Bay. Soon after, having procured a site from my friend, Mr. Augustin Grignon, who was in possession of the premises for­ merly occupied hy his hrother Pierre, my office was erected^ immediately op­ posite, and within a few feet of an old trading-house then in ruins. In pass­ ing the building which had remained unoccupied for several years, the floor of the loft still remaining mtact, I discovered a large ctuantity of rubbish which seemed to have been abandoned to the action of storms of wind and rain, pouring in at will through the open gables. There were several bushels of old accounts, books, letters and other papers, with dates recurring back a period of nearly one hundred years. Curiosity led me to spend hours in looking them over, as they proved to be an accumu­ lation, during the life tim^e, of Sieur de Langlade, Senior, Ms son Charles, and son-in-law, Pierre Grignon, Sr., all of whom had been dead many yearff The settlement of Gteien Bay, at the time of my search, consisted of very few families of the old stock, chief of which were those of Lawe and the Gxig- nons. It was natural to sup,ptose, that tlhese papers being treated as of no value, others of importance had been preserved by the descendants of Lang­ lade, who were quite numerous, and that these would be of no little consequence in furnishing an historical account of men and -events occurring during the first colonization of our State. 2IO Wisconsin Historical Collections [TOL

Those which were selected bore dates as far back as 1733, and embraced several letters relating to the Indian troubles of the period of 1755'-60; and there were also a number written during the Pontiac War. They were taken to my office and kept several years, open to inspection by the curiousi'. and, I regret to state, that some were abstracted without my cognizance^ it is still more to be regretted, that I did not gather up all, of every description, and deposit them beyond the reach of idle or mischievous intruders. Grignon's "Recollections," as given in the third volume of the Society's Collections, very interesting and truthful as they are-, may be corrected in a few, perhaps unimportant particulars, by the papers now transmitted. These manuscripts, having been faithfully translated from the French originals by my two daughters, may also help to give authenticity to his traditions, which they would not otherwise possess. M. L. MAETIN,

Langlade Papers

"We the undersigned have ceded, and do cede, to Monsieur de Langlade, our father-in-law, all which, belongs to us in the estate o£ the late Daniel Yilleneuye, and Domitelle hds widow, and wife of the said Sieur Langlade, with so muchi of the goods possessed aad to be possessed. The declarants make no claim to the said estate either for themselyes or for their children, on the charge and condition, nevertheless, that the Sieur Langlade pledges him­ self to support, and maintain as his own, the three last children aow unprovided for, issue of the marriage of the said late Daniel Tilleneuve, and his widow Domitelle, until the daughter who is to be provided for, shall be married, and the sons obtain positions in the army*. ANTON GUILLOBY, ANNIE YILLENETJVE; vrife of GuiUory. Done at MICHILIMACKIKAC, this 23d of July, 1737. J, L. De La Pierre, Missionary of the Company of Jesus.

The Marquis de la Jonquiere, Commander of the Royal Military Order of St. Louis, Chief of squadron of the naval armies, Gov- .2 16 Wisconsin Historical Collections [VOL Tin

MoNTEEAX, 9th. Sept., 1760. I must inform you, Monsieur, that I was compelled to surren­ der yesterday to the army of Gen. Amherst. This city is, as you know, defenseless. Our troops were greatly dimiaished, our means and resources totally exhausted. We were surrounded by three armies, numbering at least 80,000 men. General Amherst was from the sixth of the month within sight of the walls of the city ,• General Murray within reach of one of our outposts, and the army of Lake Champlata stationed on the prairie and at Longueville. Under these circumstances, having nothing to hope from any advance, not even by a great sacrifice of our troops, I have deemed it the wiser course of capitulating to General Amherst, under conditions very advantageous to the Colonists, and espe­ cially for the inhabitants of Mackinac. In short, the terms pre­ serve to them all the free exercise of their religion, and leaves them ia possession of their goods, furniture, real estate and pel­ tries. They have also reserved to them a free commerce, the same as is enjoyed by the proper subjects of the king of Great Britaia. The same privileges are also accorded to the military. They are permitted to commission agents to look after their claims during their absence; they, as well as the Canadian citizens, can sell to the English and French their goods, sending the proceeds there­ of, either to France, or retain them in their own possession, should they judge it best to return and remain in the Provinces when peace shall be declared. They may retain their negro serfs; but obliged to return any that have been taken from the English. The English General, having pronounced the Canadians sub­ jects of His Britannic Majesty, the people will for this reason discard the Coutume de Paris,^ With regard to the troops, the condition imposed on them has been, not to serve during the present war, and to lay down their arms, before being sent to Prance. The citizens and inhabitants of Michilimackiuac will conse­ quently be under the command of the officer that General Am­ herst will have detailed for this post.

* The laws of France hj which they had hitherto been governed. L. C. D. 1879] Langlade Papers 217

You will transmit a copy of my letter to St. Joseph, and to the posts of the surroundiug country, in order that any soldiers who still remain there, may conform to iastructions. I count on the pleasure of soon meeting you in Prance, to­ gether with all your gentlemen. I have the honor to be, very sincerely. Monsieur, Tour very humble and very obedient servant, VAXJDREUIL.

MiCHiLiMACKiisrAC, April 13th, 1763. I have this day given permission to Messrs. Langlade, father and son, to live at the post of La Baye,^ and do hereby order that no person may interrupt them in their voyage thither, with their wives, children, servants and baggage. GEO. ETHBRINGTON, Commandant.

L'ABBBE CKOCHE, 28 June, 1763.t SIR—I have had the pleasure of receiving four of your letters,

* While Charles de Langlad/e was married at 'Mackinaw, in 1754, and was doubtless much there, while not engaged in distant military service, during the French and Indian War of that period, yet it would seem that at the close of that contest, in 1760, he returned to Green Bay. There is no evidence that the French settlement at Green Bay was abandon'ed during that war—at least, Augustin Grignon, the direct descendant and representative of the Langlade family, and himself born there in 1780, expressed no doubt of its continued occupation to the writer of this note during his visit with him in 1857, while' fully discussing every point upon which he could throw light, and noting down his interesting narrative of traditions and recollections. Judge Martin, who has resided at Green Bay since 1827, never heard from the ancient settlers anything that ever led him to suppose that there was at any time any abandonment of the settlement after the Langlades first settled there; and in this view, Louis B. Porlier, son-in-law of Augustin Grignon, and all his life, of sixty-four years a resident of tb'e GVeen Bay aad Fox River Valley region, and his father, thirty-four years before him, fully coincides. Hon. Wm. Woodbridge, Maj, Henry B. Brevoort, and J. Kearsl'ey, commis­ sioners of the United States for the settlement of land claims in Michigan Territory, in 1820, state that "the settlement at 'La Baye' does not seem to have been discontinued while the French remained masters in Canada," as shown in vol. iv., Public Lands, Am. State Papers^ p. 851. L. C. D. tThis letter has no address, and is found on page 852, vol. iv, Public Lands, American mate Papers. It was unquestionably addressed to Charles Lang­ lade, who, as the Diartf of the Siege of Detroit shows, was appointed by Capt. Ethrington to the command of the Mackinaw Port, after its capture by the Chippewas, which appointment Maj. Gladwyn confirmed, till further orders. 15