Nomenclature Review

Compounds that consist of a metal and a nonmetal, or of two nonmetals, are referred to as 1. simple compounds 2. complex compounds 3. binary compounds 4. polyatomic compounds

Choice #3 properly describes compounds that contain two different elements as binary compounds.

AgI, which is used in many photographic processes because it is light sensitive, is an example of a Type __ compound, and is named ______. 1. I, silver iodide 2. I, silver(I) iodide 3. II, silver iodide 4. II, silver(I) iodide

Choice #1 provides the correct nomenclature for AgI. Although silver is a transition metal, many of which have variable ionic charges, as an ion silver only has one possible charge (1+). That makes it a Type I binary compound, silver iodide.

What is the name of the compound SrBr2? 1. strontium bromine 2. sulfur bromide 3. strontium dibromide 4. strontium bromide

Choice #4 is the correct answer. Sr is the symbol for strontium. Br is the symbol for bromine, but take the first part of the element name (the root) and add –ide to get the name bromide.

What is the name of the compound CrO2? 1. chromium oxide 2. chromium(II) oxide 3. chromium(IV) oxide 4. chromium dioxide

Choice #3 is the correct answer. Cr is the symbol for chromium. O is the symbol for oxygen, but take the first part of the element name (the root) and add –ide to get the name oxide. Since chromium can have more than one charge, a Roman numeral must be used to identify that charge. There are two oxygen ions each with a 2– charge, giving an overall charge of –4. Therefore, the charge on chromium must be +4.

What is the correct name of the compound that results from the most stable ion for sulfur and the metal ion that contains 24 electrons? 1. iron(III) sulfide 2. chromium(II) sulfide 3. nickel(III) sulfate 4. iron(II) sulfide

Choice #4 is the correct answer. For sulfur, take the first part of the element name (the root) and add –ide to get the name sulfide. Iron with a +2 charge (as the Roman numeral indicates) contains 24 electrons (26p – 24e = +2 charge).

What is the name of the compound SeO2? 1. selenium oxide 2. selenium dioxide 3. selenium(II) oxide 4. selenium(IV) dioxide

Choice #2 is the correct answer. Se is the symbol for selenium. O is the symbol for oxygen, but take the first part of the element name (the root) and add –ide to get the name oxide. Since they are both nonmetals, prefixes are used to identify the elements (except mono– is not used for the first element). Two oxygen atoms require the use of the prefix di–, making the name dioxide.

One of the primary functions of a catalytic converter is to convert

CO (named ______), a major component of smog, into CO2 (named ______), which is unfortunately a greenhouse gas. 1. monocarbon monoxide, monocarbon dioxide 2. carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide 3. carbon oxide, carbon dioxide 4. monocarbon oxide, monocarbon dioxide

Choice #2 correctly names these two Type III compounds, both of which consist of two nonmetals. Notice that although these compounds use prefixes, the prefix mono– is not used when the first element of the compound has only one atom present.

One of the ways the United States has attempted to reduce reliance on foreign oil is to burn more coal. Unfortunately U.S. coal tends to be high in sulfur, and when burned

produces SO2, which in the atmosphere forms sulfuric acid, a major component of acid rain. SO2 is a Type ____ compound and is named ______. 1. I; sulfur oxide 2. II; sulfur(II) oxide 3. III; monosulfur dioxide 4. III; sulfur dioxide

Choice #4 is the correct answer. It is Type III because both sulfur and oxygen are nonmetals, and thus we use prefixes to name it. We do not use the mono– prefix because sulfur is listed first, but di– is used to designate two atoms of oxygen per molecule.

The formula MgCl2 represents the compound ______, while CoCl2 is the formula for ______. 1. magnesium(II) chloride, cobalt(II) chloride 2. manganese chloride, cobalt chloride 3. magnesium chloride, cobalt(II) chloride 4. manganese(II) chloride, cobalt chloride

Choice #3 gives the correct names for both magnesium chloride (Type I) and for cobalt(II) chloride (Type II).

The “chlorine” that is used to disinfect water actually consists largely of hypochlorite compounds like sodium hypochlorite, which has the formula 1. NaCl

2. NaClO4

3. NaClO2 4. NaClO

Choice #4. Hypochlorite is the oxyanion ClO–, which combines with Na+ to form NaClO.

Anions which have names ending in –ate or –ite always contain the element ______and are______. 1. oxygen, polyatomic 2. oxygen, monatomic 3. carbon, polyatomic 4. carbon, monatomic

Choice #1 correctly selects the oxygen-containing polyatomic – – endings. Examples include nitrate and nitrite (NO3 and NO2 ).

The compound NaHCO3 is commonly referred to as baking soda. Its chemical name is 1. sodium hydrogen carbon trioxide 2. sodium monocarbonate 3. sodium bicarbonate 4. sodium carbonite

Choice #3 correctly names the compound including the – bicarbonate ion, HCO3 , which combines with Na to form NaHCO3.

Examine the following table of formulas and names. Which of the compounds are named correctly?

Formula Name

I P2O5 Diphosphorus pentoxide

II ClO2 Chlorine oxide 1. I, II III PbI4 Lead iodide 2. I, III, IV IV CuSO4 Copper(I) sulfate 3. I, IV 4. I only

Choice #4 is the correct answer. Only Formula I is named correctly. Formula II is chlorine dioxide. Formula III is lead(IV) iodide. Formula IV is copper(II) sulfate.

Acids can be viewed as a molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to a(n) ______. 1. metal 2. nonmetal 3. anion 4. cation

Choice #3 is correct. For example, HCl is H+ and Cl–.

The names of HCl, HClO3, and HClO are 1. hydrochloric acid, chloric acid, and hypochlorous acid 2. chloric acid, trioxychloric acid, and hydrochloric acid 3. hydrochloric acid, chlorous acid, and hydrochlorous acid

4. monochloric acid, chloric acid, and chloric acid

Choice #1 provides the correct names for all three acids. Please refer to Figure 5.3 for assistance. Remember that the name of the acid depends on the name of the anion.

Which of the following compounds is named incorrectly?

1. KNO3 potassium nitrate

2. TiO2 titanium(II) oxide

3. PBr5 phosphorus pentabromide

4. H SO sulfurous acid 2 3

Choice #2 is the correct answer. The charge on oxygen is 2–. Since there are two oxygen atoms, the overall charge is –4. Therefore, the charge on titanium must be 4+ (not 2+ as the Roman numeral indicates).

Write formulas for the following compounds: copper(II) fluoride; silver nitrate; nitrous acid

1. CuF2 ; AgNO3 ; HNO2

2. Cu2F ; SiNO2 ; HN3

3. CoF2 ; AuNO3 ; HNO3

4. Co2F ; AgNO3 ; HNO

Choice #1 provides the correct names for a Type II binary compound, a compound containing a polyatomic ion, and an acid, respectively.

A compound has the formula XCl3 where X could represent a metal or nonmetal. What could the name of this compound be? 1. phosphorus trichloride 2. carbon monochloride 3. tin(IV) chloride 4. magnesium chloride

Choice #1 is the correct answer. Carbon monochloride has the

formula CCl. Tin(IV) chloride has the formula SnCl4. Magnesium chloride has the formula MgCl2. Phosphorus trichloride has the formula PCl3 and is therefore the correct answer.