MALI : Région De Kidal
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The Conflict's Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions
Policy Note 1, 2015 By Ole Martin Gaasholt Who needs to reconcile with whom? The Conflict’s Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions PHOTO: MARC DEVILLE/GETTY IMAGES While negotiations are taking place in Algiers, some observers insist on the need for reconciliation between Northern Mali and the rest of the country and particularly between Tuareg and other Malians. But the Tuareg are a minority in Northern Mali and most of them did not support the rebels. So who needs to be reconciled with whom? And what economic solutions will counteract conflict? This Policy Note argues that not only exclusion underlies the conflict, but also a lack of economic opportunities. The important Tuareg component in most rebellions in Mali does not mean that all Tuareg participate or even support the rebellions. ll the rebellions in Northern Mali the peoples of Northern Mali, which they The Songhay opposed Tuareg and Arab have been initiated by Tuareg, typi- called Azawad, and not just of the Tuareg. rebels in the 1990s, whereas many of them cally from the Kidal region, whe- There has thus been a sequence of joined Islamists controlling Northern Mali in reA the first geographically circumscribed rebellions in Mali in which the Tuareg 2012. Very few Songhay, or even Arabs, joined rebellion broke out a few years after inde- component has been important. In the Mouvement National pour la Libération pendence in 1960. Tuareg from elsewhere addition, there have been complex de l’Azawad (MNLA), despite the claim that in Northern Mali have participated in later connections between the various conflicts, Azawad was a multiethnic territory. -
Report of the Secretary-General on the Situation in Mali
United Nations S/2016/1137 Security Council Distr.: General 30 December 2016 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali I. Introduction 1. By its resolution 2295 (2016), the Security Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) until 30 June 2017 and requested me to report on a quarterly basis on its implementation, focusing on progress in the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali and the efforts of MINUSMA to support it. II. Major political developments A. Implementation of the peace agreement 2. On 23 September, on the margins of the general debate of the seventy-first session of the General Assembly, I chaired, together with the President of Mali, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, a ministerial meeting aimed at mitigating the tensions that had arisen among the parties to the peace agreement between July and September, giving fresh impetus to the peace process and soliciting enhanced international support. Following the opening session, the event was co-chaired by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and African Integration of Mali, Abdoulaye Diop, and the Minister of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Algeria, Ramtane Lamamra, together with the Under - Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations. In the Co-Chairs’ summary of the meeting, the parties were urged to fully and sincerely maintain their commitments under the agreement and encouraged to take specific steps to swiftly implement the agreement. Those efforts notwithstanding, progress in the implementation of the agreement remained slow. Amid renewed fighting between the Coordination des mouvements de l’Azawad (CMA) and the Platform coalition of armed groups, key provisions of the agreement, including the establishment of interim authorities and the launch of mixed patrols, were not put in place. -
1St Reported Case of Ebola in Mali: Strengthened Measures to Respond
Humanitarian Bulletin Mali September-October 2014 In this issue 1st case of Ebola virus disease P.1 Nutritional situation in Mali P.2 Food security survey P.3 HIGHLIGHTS Back to school 2014 - 2015 P.4 Information management trainings P.6 First confirmed case of SRP funding P.8 Ebola virus disease in Mali Clusters performance indicators P.8 Average prevalence of global acute malnutrition OCHA/D.Dembele reaches 13.3 percent National Food security 1st reported case of Ebola in Mali: survey : 24 per cent of households affected by strengthened measures to respond to the food insecurity epidemic KEY FIGURES On 23 October, the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene confirmed the first Ebola case in Mali; a two-year old girl who had travelled with her grandmother from Guinea # IDPs 99, 816 (Kissidougou) to Kayes city (Western Mali), transiting through Bamako. She had been (Commission on hospitalized in Kayes where she died on 24 October. Population Movements, 30 Sep.) In response to this Ebola outbreak, the Government, with the support of WHO and # Refugees in 14, 541 partners (NGOs and other UN agencies), have strengthened prevention measures while Mali (UNHCR 31 the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene and its partners immediately put under August) observation around forty people who had direct contact with the girl in Bamako and # Malian 143, 253 refugees ( UNHCR Kayes, while the tracking of other contacts continued. 30 Sep) Severely food 1,900,000 Experts from WHO regional office and headquarters, supported by the National Public insecure people Health Institute of Quebec (INSRPQ), USAID and CDC1, who were on a Ebola (Source : March 2014 Harmonized preparedness mission in Mali at the time, are supporting the response and the Framework) implementation of the National Ebola Emergency Plan. -
Annuaire Statistique 2015 Du Secteur Développement Rural
MINISTERE DE L’AGRICULTURE REPUBLIQUE DU MALI ----------------- Un Peuple - Un But – Une Foi SECRETARIAT GENERAL ----------------- ----------------- CELLULE DE PLANIFICATION ET DE STATISTIQUE / SECTEUR DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL Annuaire Statistique 2015 du Secteur Développement Rural Juin 2016 1 LISTE DES TABLEAUX Tableau 1 : Répartition de la population par région selon le genre en 2015 ............................................................ 10 Tableau 2 : Population agricole par région selon le genre en 2015 ........................................................................ 10 Tableau 3 : Répartition de la Population agricole selon la situation de résidence par région en 2015 .............. 10 Tableau 4 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par sexe en 2015 ................................. 11 Tableau 5 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par Région en 2015 ...................................... 11 Tableau 6 : Population agricole par tranche d'âge et selon la situation de résidence en 2015 ............. 12 Tableau 7 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 ..................................................... 15 Tableau 8 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 (suite) ................................... 16 Tableau 9 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par mois 2015 ........................................................................................ 17 Tableau 10 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par station en 2015 et sa comparaison à -
COUNTRY Food Security Update
MALI Food Security Outlook Update June 2013 Marketing conditions returning to normal in the north; decreased demand in the south KEY MESSAGES Figure 1 Current food security outcomes for June 2013 Cumulative rainfall totals for the period from May 1st through June 20th were generally normal to above- normal. Crop planting was slightly delayed by localized late June rains, particularly in structurally-deficit southern Kayes and western Koulikoro. Increased trade with normal supply areas in the south and accelerated humanitarian assistance have considerably improved staple food availability in northern markets, though import flows from Algeria are still limited. Exceptions include localized pastoral areas such as Ber (Timbuktu) and Anefif (Kidal), where persistent security problems continue to delay the recovery of market activities. Northern pastoral populations are still facing IPC Phase 3: Crisis levels of food insecurity. Source: FEWS NET Persistent weak demand in southern production markets This map shows relevant current acute food insecurity outcomes for triggered unusual price decreases between May and June, emergency decision-making. It does not necessary reflect chronic food ahead of the onset of the lean season in agropastoral insecurity. zones. The same trend is reported by rice-growing farmers in the Timbuktu region given the absence of Figure 2. Most likely estimated food security outcomes usual buyers and ongoing food assistance. for July through September 2013 The food security outlook for the southern part of the country is average to good and is starting to improve in the north with the various humanitarian programs underway, gradual economic recovery, and seasonal improvement in pastoral conditions. -
Operation Serval. Analyzing the French Strategy Against Jihadists in Mali
ASPJ Africa & Francophonie - 3rd Quarter 2015 Operation Serval Analyzing the French Strategy against Jihadists in Mali LT COL STÉPHANE SPET, FRENCH AIR FORCE* imilar to the events that occurred two years earlier in Benghazi, the crews of the four Mirage 2000Ds that took off on the evening of 11 January 2013 from Chad inbound for Kona in central Mali knew that they were about to conduct a mis- sion that needed to stop the jihadist offensive to secure Bamako, the capital of Mali, and its population. This time, they were not alone because French special forces Swere already on the battlefield, ready to bring their firepower to bear. French military forces intended to prevent jihadist fighters from creating a caliphate in Mali. They also knew that suppressing any jihadist activity there would be another challenge—a more political one intended to remove the arrows from the jihadists’ hands. By answering the call for assistance from the Malian president to prevent jihadists from raiding Bamako and creating a radical Islamist state, French president François Hollande consented to engage his country in the Sahel to fight jihadists. Within a week, Operation Serval had put together a joint force that stopped the jihadist offensive and retook the initiative. Within two months, the French-led coalition had liberated the en- tire Malian territory after destruction of jihadist strongholds in the Adrar des Ifoghas by displaying a strategy that surprised both the coalition’s enemies and its allies. On 31 July 2014, this first chapter of the war on terror in the Sahel officially closed with a victory and the attainment of all objectives at that time. -
Soutenu Par Balla BAGAYOKO CIP Promotion Louis Pasteur (2017-2018)
Université Paris 1 École nationale d’administration Master Etudes européennes et relations internationales Spécialité Relations internationales et Actions à l’Étranger Parcours « Administration publique et Affaires internationales » L’intervention de l’Union européenne dans la crise malienne : une réaffirmation de la politique de sécurité et de défense commune Sous la direction de Madame Alix TOUBLANC, Maître de conférences en droit international public École de droit de la Sorbonne, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. Soutenu par Balla BAGAYOKO CIP Promotion Louis Pasteur (2017-2018). Juin 2018. Remerciements Je voudrais tout d’abord remercier le Gouvernement et le peuple français pour la bourse qui m’a permis de faire mes études à l’École nationale d’administration et à l’Université Paris 1. Je remercie la Direction générale, l’équipe pédagogique et tout l’encadrement de l’École nationale d’administration pour le dévouement. Je tiens à remercier Madame Alix TOUBLANC, pour avoir encadré ce mémoire. J’ai été extrêmement sensible à ses conseils avisés, ses qualités d’écoute et de compréhension. Mes remerciements vont également à mon binôme, Monsieur Franck SCHOUMACKER, pour sa relecture de ce travail. Mes pensées amicales à tous mes collègues du CIP, du CSPA et du CIO, de la promotion Louis Pasteur 2017-2018. Qu’ils trouvent dans ces lignes l’expression de ma reconnaissance pour leur soutien, jamais démenti, et leurs encouragements toujours soutenus. Enfin, je voudrais remercier toute ma famille pour l’affection et l’appui sans faille. -
Insaniyat \/ إنسانيات, 14-15 | 2001
إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺎت / Insaniyat Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales 14-15 | 2001 Premières Recherches 1 Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas Dida Badi Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/9643 DOI : 10.4000/insaniyat.9643 ISSN : 2253-0738 Éditeur Centre de recherche en anthropologie sociale et culturelle Édition imprimée Date de publication : 31 décembre 2001 Pagination : 129-147 ISSN : 1111-2050 Référence électronique Dida Badi, « Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas », Insaniyat : En ligne], 14-15 | 2001, mis en ligne le 31 janvier 2012, consulté le 20 avril 2019. URL] / إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺎت http://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/9643 ; DOI : 10.4000/insaniyat.9643 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 20 avril 2019. © CRASC Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas 1 Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas Dida Badi NOTE DE L’ÉDITEUR Résumé de mémoire de Magister soutenu en l’an 2000, Département des langues et cultures amazighes, Université Mouloud Mameri, Tizi-Ouzou (sous la direction de Rachid Bellil). 1 Le texte, que nous proposons ici, est une tentative de restitution, sous forme d'un résumé succinct d'un travail de recherche, lui-même fruit de la fréquentation d'un terrain saharien, celui de l'Adagh des Ifoughas. Ce travail a été effectué dans le cadre de la préparation d'un diplôme de magister en civilisation du Maghreb, soutenu au département de langue et culture amazighes de Tizi-ouzou en 1999. 2 La région de l'Adagh a été occupée depuis longtemps. -
A Peace of Timbuktu: Democratic Governance, Development And
UNIDIR/98/2 UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research Geneva A Peace of Timbuktu Democratic Governance, Development and African Peacemaking by Robin-Edward Poulton and Ibrahim ag Youssouf UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 1998 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. * * * The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. UNIDIR/98/2 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. GV.E.98.0.3 ISBN 92-9045-125-4 UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research UNIDIR is an autonomous institution within the framework of the United Nations. It was established in 1980 by the General Assembly for the purpose of undertaking independent research on disarmament and related problems, particularly international security issues. The work of the Institute aims at: 1. Providing the international community with more diversified and complete data on problems relating to international security, the armaments race, and disarmament in all fields, particularly in the nuclear field, so as to facilitate progress, through negotiations, towards greater security for all States and towards the economic and social development of all peoples; 2. Promoting informed participation by all States in disarmament efforts; 3. Assisting ongoing negotiations in disarmament and continuing efforts to ensure greater international security at a progressively lower level of armaments, particularly nuclear armaments, by means of objective and factual studies and analyses; 4. -
Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions
Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions: How the past and present explain each other Oumar Ba Working Paper No. 007 Sahel Research Group Working Paper No. 007 Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions: How the past and present explain each other Oumar Ba March 2014 The Sahel Research Group, of the University of Florida’s Center for African Studies, is a collaborative effort to understand the political, social, economic, and cultural dynamics of the countries which comprise the West African Sahel. It focuses primarily on the six Francophone countries of the region—Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Chad—but also on in developments in neighboring countries, to the north and south, whose dy- namics frequently intersect with those of the Sahel. The Sahel Research Group brings together faculty and gradu- ate students from various disciplines at the University of Florida, in collaboration with colleagues from the region. Abstract: This article stresses the importance of history in understanding the cyclical pattern of Tuareg rebellions in Mali. I argue that history and narratives of bravery, resistance, and struggle are important in the discursive practice of Tuareg nationalism. This discourse materializes in the episodic rebellions against the Malian state. The cyclical pattern of the Tuareg rebellions is caused by institutional shortcomings such as the failure of the Malian state to follow through with the clauses that ended the previous rebellions. But, more importantly, the previous rebellions serve as historical and cultural markers for subsequent rebellions, which creates a cycle of mutually retrospective reinforcement mechanisms. About the Author: Oumar Ba is a Ph. -
Humanitarian Access (Summary of Constraints from January to December 2017)
Mali: Overview of humanitarian access (summary of constraints from January to December 2017) In 2017, OCHA recorded 133 cases of humanitarian access constraints in Mali (the highest number ever recorded in the country). 97% of the incidents took place in the northern and central regions (Mopti, Gao, Ménaka, Kidal and Timbuktu). 41% of the incidents were robberies, 27% carjackings and 9% physical aggression. Number of access constraints xx by region TAOUDÉNIT Limit of region Limit of new regions ALGERIA Main road International boundaries Achourat! Non-functional airport Foum! Elba Functional airport Regional administrative centre ! Populated place MAURITANIA ! Téssalit Violence against humanitarian workers on locations Violence against humanitarian 31 workers on roads !Abeïbara ! Arawane Boujbeha! KIDAL ! Tin-Essako ! Anefif Al-Ourche! 28 ! Inékar Bourem! TIMBUKTU ! Gourma- 17 Rharous Goundam! 36 Diré! GAO 2 ! Niafunké ! Tonka ! BAMAKO Léré Gossi ! ! MÉNAKA Ansongo ! ! Youwarou! Anderamboukane Ouattagouna! Douentza ! NIGER MOPTI Ténénkou! 1 Bandiagara! 18 Koro! Bankass! SÉGOU Djenné! BURKINA FASO The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Key messages Insecurity in northern and central Mali: Both areas are experiencing an Number of access constraints unprecedented level of criminality, terrorism and armed conflict directly impeding access. 133 2017 Movement on road: Ansongo-Ménaka, Gao-Anefis-Kidal, 18 Timbuktu-Goundam, Bambara Maoudé-Timbuktu road axis are very difficult 68 2016 to navigate during the rainy season. Armed groups’presence requires 17 ongoing negotiations at different levels prior to using roads. Humanitarians are mostly victim of criminal activities on roads. 13 13 13 11 Aerial access: Existing airports allow access to regional capitals and big 11 9 9 9 cities in Bamako, Timbuktu, Gao and Mopti. -
Informations Et Réflexions Ciblés Autour Du DÉVELOPPEMENT Et Des
1 Association TAMOUDRE- PRESIDENT REPORT November 2012 The association “Tamoudré” was born somewhere in Northern Mal, between Tessalit, Aguelhoc and Borj, where Tuaregs and “toubabs” met. It is a tale of friendship and trust. We have been crisscrossing the Sahel since 1987 but reached our cruising speed in 2005, when we established relationships so close that we now are part of the “Family”: Ifoghas, Kel Ghela, Iraganatene or Kel Ansar, as well as the Nigerien Tuaregs of Aïr. 1-EXCHANGES & ISSUES 1-1 THE TERRAIN AND THE PEOPLE From 2005, after one or two yearly visits in Aguelhoc, in a family encampment in Tataramat or in the bush in the communes of Kidal and Timbuktu regions where we engaged in an inventory of wells, health centers and schools, undertaking a joint study designed to create digitized maps of the area by the Agence de Développement du Nord-Mali and the University of Saint-Étienne, in France. acquiring knowledge of the terrain, the communes and the remote encampments . sharing with the local populations . reinforcing links with key resource-persons and friends . establishing networks based on trust 1-2 IENTIFYNG THE NEEDS From 2009 onwards, several visits allowed us first to establish special contacts with the people in Tessalit so that during the following years we were able to identify what was needed and to finalize some of our projects. March 2009: the Tuareg rebellion gave up their weapons in the Timetrin area, in Enabag, in the Tessalit cercle. We are met by a strong delegation from Tessalit and we are the only Europeans there.