Mali: Overview of humanitarian access (summary of constraints from January to December 2017) In 2017, OCHA recorded 133 cases of humanitarian access constraints in Mali (the highest number ever recorded in the country). 97% of the incidents took place in the northern and central regions (Mopti, Gao, Ménaka, Kidal and Timbuktu). 41% of the incidents were robberies, 27% carjackings and 9% physical aggression. Number of access constraints xx by region TAOUDÉNIT Limit of region Limit of new regions ALGERIA Main road International boundaries Achourat! Non-functional airport Foum! Elba Functional airport Regional administrative centre ! Populated place MAURITANIA ! Téssalit Violence against humanitarian workers on locations Violence against humanitarian 31 workers on roads !Abeïbara ! Arawane Boujbeha! KIDAL ! Tin-Essako ! Anefif Al-Ourche! 28 ! Inékar Bourem! TIMBUKTU ! Gourma- 17 Rharous Goundam! 36 Diré! GAO 2 ! Niafunké ! Tonka ! BAMAKO Léré Gossi ! ! MÉNAKA Ansongo ! ! Youwarou! Anderamboukane Ouattagouna! Douentza ! NIGER MOPTI Ténénkou! 1 Bandiagara! 18 Koro! Bankass! SÉGOU Djenné! BURKINA FASO The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Key messages Insecurity in northern and central Mali: Both areas are experiencing an Number of access constraints unprecedented level of criminality, terrorism and armed conflict directly impeding access. 133 2017 Movement on road: Ansongo-Ménaka, Gao-Anefis-Kidal, 18 Timbuktu-Goundam, Bambara Maoudé-Timbuktu road axis are very difficult 68 2016 to navigate during the rainy season. Armed groups’presence requires 17 ongoing negotiations at different levels prior to using roads. Humanitarians are mostly victim of criminal activities on roads. 13 13 13 11 Aerial access: Existing airports allow access to regional capitals and big 11 9 9 9 cities in Bamako, Timbuktu, Gao and Mopti. However, Kidal airport remains 10 9 8 closed to fixed wing aircraft and access to MINUSMA helicopters remain 8 SENEGAL9 limited to humanitarians actors. In addition, UNHAS has started to serve 6 7 secondary airstrips in Goudam, Niafunké, Menaka and Bourem. 5 6 2 2 5 Continuity of relief work: Relief agencies are mostly targeted for their 1 valuables, property and equipment. Humanitarians continue to serve the 0 vulnerable population by adapting the implementation strategy of their Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec operations to secure access including the community approach. 2016 2017 According to the AMRF (Access Monitoring and Reporting Framework) tool. More information about this tool https://goo.gl/ZnJkqS. Only data recorded by OCHA for the period January - December 2017 are displayed in this overview. Creation date :January 2018 Sources: OCHA AMRF Contact: [email protected] | www.unocha.org/mali | www.reliefweb.int/mali Mali: Overview of humanitarian access (summary of constraints from January to December 2017) % by sub-category of access constraints PRINCIPAL ANALYSIS 6% Physical restriction Temporary access restrictions continued to impact negatively on humanitarian 8% Intimidation / Threat 9% operations and organizations ability to reach people in need in multiple 9% Physical aggression 9% Others locations as well as the population to access basic social services. In Menaka and Kidal some organizations were forced to temporarily suspend their activities . 27% Carjacking Continued negotiating humanitarian access with armed groups becomes a vital activity in a complex context. Community acceptance of humanitarian work is a prerequisite as is the use of national NGOs. 41% Robbery CHALLENGES AND LIMITS OF THE ANALYSIS % by type of organization affected The analysis of the humanitarian community on access constraints has the following limitations: 58% 14% 10% 10% 8% Gaps of information on protection of civilians, which is caused by general insecurity, inaccessibility to the area (desert, seasonal flooding of inner delta International NGOs Red Cross National NGOs Multiples United Nations of Niger) or lack of infrastructures in the entire central and northern region; % of access constraints by region Limited information on the constraint faced by the population towards basic social services (i.e. health services managed by the Government); Ségou 1% Bamako 2% Ménaka 13% Systematic data collection and analysis is difficult due to insufficient financial Mopti 14% resources and difficulties related to geographical remoteness. On the other hand, populations in these areas are afraid to inform humanitarian actors, given the sensitivity of the information. Some even fear reprisals from Kidal 21% elements of armed groups in the community. Timbuktu 23% Gao 26% AND NOW... In 2018, humanitarian action will be greatly dependent upon the political and security actors’ ability to create a conducive operational environment and extend humanitarian space. Kayes Evolution of access constraints by region and month (January to December 2017) Gao+Ménaka Kidal Mopti Ségou Timbuktu Bamako 9 8 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 33 2 2 2 22 2 2 2 1 1 1 11 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 GUINEE Jan Feb MayAprMar June DecNovOctSepAugJuly.