DOCSLIB.ORG

University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Research Manuscript

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Research Manuscript University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Research Manuscript Series Institute of 11-1982 Preliminary Archeological Investigations at the Callawassie Island Burial Mound (38BU19), Beaufort County, South Carolina Mark J. Brooks University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Larry Lepionka Ted A. Rathbun John Goldsborough Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Brooks, Mark J.; Lepionka, Larry; Rathbun, Ted A.; and Goldsborough, John Jr., "Preliminary Archeological Investigations at the Callawassie Island Burial Mound (38BU19), Beaufort County, South Carolina" (1982). Research Manuscript Series. 177. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/177 This Book is brought to you by the Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Institute of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Manuscript Series by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Preliminary Archeological Investigations at the Callawassie Island Burial Mound (38BU19), Beaufort County, South Carolina Keywords Excavations, Indians of North America, Burial Mounds, Callawassie Island, Beaufort County, South Carolina, Archeology Disciplines Anthropology Publisher The outhS Carolina Institute of Archeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Comments In USC online Library catalog at: http://www.sc.edu/library/ This book is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/177 PRELIMINARY ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE CALLAWASSIE ISLAND BURIAL MOUND (J8BU19), BEAUFORT COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA by Mark J. Brooks Larry Lepionka Ted A. Rathbun John GoLdsborough, Jr. Research Manuscript Series 185 with appendices by Janice G. Brown Cynthia A. AuLback-Bmith and Wade T. Batson, Jr. CaroLyn Rock Ted A. Rathbun Prepared by the Institute of ArcheoLogy and AnthropoLogy University of South CaroLina CoLumbia, South CaroLina November, 1982 PRELIMINIdri ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AT THE CALLAWASSIE ISLAND BURIAL MOUND (38BU19) ~ BEAUFOHr COUNTY ~ SOUTH CAROLINA by Mark J. Bl'Ooks Larrzoy Lepionka . Ted A. Rathbun John GoLdsborough, Jr. Researoh Manusol'ipt Sel'ies 185 with appendioes by Janioe G. Brown Cynthia A. AuLbaok-Smith and Wade T. Batson~ Jp. Cazootyn·Rook Ted A. Rathbun Prepazoed by the Institute of Al'oheotogy and Anthropotogy University of South Cal'OLina . Cotumbia~ South Carolina November~ 1982 The Univepsity of South CapoLina offeps equaL oppoptunity in its empLoyment~ admissions and edueationaL aetivities~ in aeeo~anee with TitLe IX~ seetion 504 of the RehabiLitation Aet of 1973 and othep eiviL pights Laws. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF CONTENTS. iii LIST OF FIGURES. v LIST OF TABLES • • • vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. vii CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION • 1 Baokgr'ound. 1 Resear'oh Goats. 5 Or'ganization of This Repor't 5 CHAPTER II - FIELD INVESTIGATIONS AT J8BU19. 7 Intr'odU<Jtion. 7 Site Desor'iption. 7 Data Reoover' Methods. 9 Pr'epar'ation for' Site Testing • 9 Exoavation Teohniques. 10 One by One Meter' Units. 10 Two by Two Meter' Units - Tr'enohes A and B 10 Featuroes. 12 CHAPTER III - Ar'oheotogioat Site Data. lJ Intr'oduotion. lJ Str'atigr'aphio Data. lJ One by One Meter' Units lJ Tr'enohes A and B 14 Ar'tifaotuat Data. 17 Cer'amio Data 17 Lithio Data. 27 Other' Ar'tifaots. J5 Featuroe Data. J6 Featuroe 1. J6 Featuroe 2. J8 Featuroe J. J9 Featur'e 4. J9 Featuroe 5. J9 Featuroe 6. J9 Featuroe 7. J9 Featuroe 8. 40 Featuroe 9. 40 Featuroe 10 • 41 Featuroe 11 41 Featur'e 12 • 41 iii TABLE OF CONTINUED (Cont.) Page SpeoiaL AnaLyses. ••••• ·. ...... 43 Intpoduotion •••••••••••••• 43 PaLynoLogioaL Data •••••••••••••••••••• 44 EthnobotanioaL Data • ••••••• ·.. 45 FaunaL Data. •••••••••••••••••••• 45 Human OsteoLogioaL Data. •••• ••••••••• 46 Human CoppoLite Data ••••••• ..... 47 Radiametpio Deter.minations •••••••••••••• 48 CHAPTER IV - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ·. .. ... 49 Reseapoh ConoLusions • •••••••••• ·.... 49 Human OsteoLogioaL and BupiaL Reseapoh .... 49 Subsistenoe-SettLement Reseapoh. 54 Subsistenoe Patte:r>n ••••••••••••••••• 54 SettLement Patte:r>n. ••••••••••••••••• 55 S'UlfIlTIaray •• •• •••••••••••• ·. 56 Reoammendations fop Futu:r>e Reseapoh at 38BU19 • · ... ... 58 REFERENCES. .. .. .. ......... 61 APPENDIX I: CALLAWASSIE ISLAND BURIAL MOUND (38BU19): POLLEN ANALYSIS, by Janioe G. Bpo7JJYl • ••••••• 69 APPENDIX II: CALLAWASSIE ISLAND BURIAL MOUND: PLANT REMAINS, by Cynthia A. AuLbaoh-Srnith and Wade T. Batson, Jp • •• 71 APPENDIX III: THE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE OF THE FAUNAL REMAINS EXCAVATED FROM THE CALLAWASSIE ISLAND BURIAL MOUND (38BU 19), by CapoLyn Rook ••••• 75 APPENDIX IV: HUMAN REMAINS FROM 38BU19, by Ted A. Rathbun • 101 iv LIST OF FIGURES Page FIGURE 1: Site 38BU19, CaLLawassie IsLand and their reLationship to Port RoyaL Sound ••••• 2 FIGURE 2: Site 38BU19 - Contour map showing Loeations of exeavation units ••••••••••••••• 8 FIGURE 3: Site 38BU19 - after eLearing - view Looking northeast. ••••••••••••••••• 9 FIGURE 4: OVerview of Trenehes A and B, Looking northeast. 15 FIGURE 5: Treneh A, Unit 306N, 308E, profiLes. 16 FIGURE 6: Trenehes A and B profiLes. .... · ... ... 18 FIGURE 7: Treneh A - view Looking northeast. · 22 FIGURE 8: Treneh B - view Looking west ... · 22 FIGURE 9: Non-eeramie artifaets fram 38BU19. · . 34 FIGURE 10: PLan view of Trenehes A and B showing feature Loeations• ••••••• 37 FIGURE 11: Feature 1 (BuriaL) • 38 FIGURE 12: Feature 9 (BuriaL) • 40 FIGURE 13: Fine eo~ marked vesseL, inverted, eontaining the remains of a human fetus •••••••• .. 41 FIGURE 14: Feature 10 - St. Catherines fine eo~ marked vesseL. 42 FIGURE 15: Feature 12 after partiaL reeonstruetion. ••• 42 FIGURE 16: Loeation and orientation of buriaLs reeovered thus far fram the mound • ••••••••••• 50 v LIST OF TABLES Page TABLE 1: 38BU19, Ceromio Data, ControLLed Surfaoe CoLLeotion • · 23 TABLE 2: 38BU19, Ceramio Data, OutLying One by One Meter Units · .. 23 TABLE 3: 38BU19, Ceromio Data, Two by Two Meter Units, Trenoh A. 24 TABLE 4: 38BU19, Ceramio Data, Two by Two Meter Units, Trenoh B. 28 TABLE 5: 38BU19, Lithio Data • ... ... ........ · . 29 vi 1 1 I I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS j The authors would like to extend a very special thanks to Dr. Wilhelm Stein. Chairman. Mr. George Oetterli. President. and Mr. Wolfgang Saenger. Vice President and Broker-in-Charge. of Three Fountainview Corporation. l Hilton Head Island. South Carolina. for sponsoring the on-going archeologi­ cal research on Callawassie Island. Their support. friendship and sincere concern for the archeological resources on Callawassie Island are greatly appreciated. Through the efforts of Mr. Saenger. approximately 140 school children from Hilton Head Island had the opportunity to observe archeology. and archeologists. in action. Investments such as this in the youth of today will insure the future of archeology which. now more than ever before. is dependent upon public support. This support can only come about through an awareness and an appreciation of. and concern for. our cultural heritage. On a more personal level, the Brooks and Lepionka families would like to thank Wolfgang. Waltraut and Winfried Saenger for their "southern" hospitality. Visits to the Saenger home were both enjoyable and memorable. The overall success of this present research is due, in large part, to the many volunteers who gave their time both freely and willingly (more­ or-less). Mrs. Pauline Brooks and Dr. Claude M. "Bud" Cupp volunteered on a full-time basis. Bud commuted daily from Charleston. Dr. Larry Lepionka (U.S.C •• Beaufort), Mrs. Lisa Lepionka, Mr. Dave McCollum (U.S.C •• Beaufort). Mrs. Jan Gentry. and Mrs. Mona Grunden volun­ teered on a part-time basis, often taking time off from work and/or school. Mr. Gordan Haist, Ms. Elly Norton, Ms. Rae Norton and Mr. Emmitt Bufkin each volunteered their services for one day. The one day of assistance provided by Mr. Paul Webb and Mr. Greg Smith (Staff archeologists with Southeastern Wildlife Associates) is also greatly appreciated. Subsequent to fieldwork at the mound. an on-the-ground investigation directed by Lepionka and Goldsborough tentatively verified the existence of a village associated with the mound. This endeavor was undertaken on the afternoon of August 26. 1982. with the volunteer assistence of Mr. Bill Hunt. Mr. Joe Joseph and Mrs. Mona Grunden. Mr. J. P. Cooler. Caretaker, is thanked for the valuable information he provided pertaining to Callawassie Island. For our convenience, Mr. Cooler also kept the island roads maintained and insured the security of the site. Many specialists contributed greatly to the research. Dr. Ted Rathbun (U.S.C., Columbia. Department of Anthropology) conducted the human osteo­ logical analyses. Analyses of the human coprolites was by Mr. Fred Hornick (U.S.C •• Columbia. Department of Biology). Ms. Jan Brown (U.S.C., Colum­ bia. Department of Geology) conducted the palynological analyses. The ethnobotanical analyses were undertaken by Drs. Cynthia A. Aulbach-Smith and Wade T. Batson. Jr. (U.S.C., Columbia, Department of Biology). Ms. Carolyn Rock (University of Florida, Florida State Museum) conducted the vii faunal analyses under the superVlslOn of Dr. Elizabeth Wing. Radiometric analyses were attempted by Dr. Richard Pardi (Queens College, CUNY, Radio­ carbon Laboratory). In addition, Dr. Donald J. Colquhoun (U.S.C., Columbia,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Burial Mounds in Europe and Japan Comparative and Contextual Perspectives
    Comparative and Global Perspectives on Japanese Archaeology Burial Mounds in Europe and Japan Comparative and Contextual Perspectives edited by Access Thomas Knopf, Werner Steinhaus and Shin’ya FUKUNAGAOpen Archaeopress Archaeopress Archaeology © Archaeopress and the authors, 2018. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78969 007 1 ISBN 978 1 78969 008 8 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2018 © All image rights are secured by the authors (Figures edited by Werner Steinhaus) Access Cover illustrations: Mori-shōgunzuka mounded tomb located in Chikuma-shi in Nagano prefecture, Japan, by Werner Steinhaus (above) Magdalenenberg burial mound at Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany,Open by Thomas Knopf (below) The printing of this book wasArchaeopress financed by the Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Oxuniprint, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com © Archaeopress and the authors, 2018. Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................................................... iii List of authors .................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • I. a Consideration of Tine and Labor Expenditurein the Constrijction Process at the Teotihuacan Pyramid of the Sun and the Pover
    I. A CONSIDERATION OF TINE AND LABOR EXPENDITURE IN THE CONSTRIJCTION PROCESS AT THE TEOTIHUACAN PYRAMID OF THE SUN AND THE POVERTY POINT MOUND Stephen Aaberg and Jay Bonsignore 40 II. A CONSIDERATION OF TIME AND LABOR EXPENDITURE IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS AT THE TEOTIHUACAN PYRAMID OF THE SUN AND THE POVERTY POINT 14)UND Stephen Aaberg and Jay Bonsignore INTRODUCT ION In considering the subject of prehistoric earthmoving and the construction of monuments associated with it, there are many variables for which some sort of control must be achieved before any feasible demographic features related to the labor involved in such construction can be derived. Many of the variables that must be considered can be given support only through certain fundamental assumptions based upon observations of related extant phenomena. Many of these observations are contained in the ethnographic record of aboriginal cultures of the world whose activities and subsistence patterns are more closely related to the prehistoric cultures of a particular area. In other instances, support can be gathered from observations of current manual labor related to earth moving since the prehistoric constructions were accomplished manually by a human labor force. The material herein will present alternative ways of arriving at the represented phenomena. What is inherently important in considering these data is the element of cultural organization involved in such activities. One need only look at sites such as the Valley of the Kings and the great pyramids of Egypt, Teotihuacan, La Venta and Chichen Itza in Mexico, the Cahokia mound group in Illinois, and other such sites to realize that considerable time, effort and organization were required.
    [Show full text]
  • Burial Mounds & Cairns and the Development of Social Classes In
    THE DEAD AND THE LIVING: Burial Mounds & Cairns and the Development of Social Classes in the Gulf of Georgia Region by BRIAN DAVID THOM B.A., The University of British Columbia, 1992 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Anthropology and Sociology) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 1995 © Brian David Thorn, 1995 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree -i that permission for extensive copying of this thesis ~for scholarly purposes may be "granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. i i Department of i/l/W^r I Sccc^Y The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Date DE-6 (2/88) 11 Abstract This thesis provides a model for understanding how social classes arose in the Gulf of Georgia area. This model distinguishes how social status in rank and a class societies are manifested and maintained in non-state, kin-based societies, drawing mainly from ethnographic descriptions. The relationship between the living and the dead for making status claims in both rank and class societies makes the archaeological study of mortuary ritual important for investigating these relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • Is There a Site Here?
    Is There a Site Here? Overview: These lessons are designed to be used within the science curriculum. Students learn the basics of archaeology through vocabulary, reading assignments, and hands-on exercises. Follow-up activities include crossword and word search puzzles and web-based research. Objectives: To teach students the basics of archaeology, including how sites are located, the steps of excavation, and basic archaeological terms. To provide a basic understanding of Georgia’s prehistory. To encourage critical analysis of materials using scientific methods. To introduce archaeology as a career option. To increase vocabulary comprehension. To increase reading comprehension. Time Required: At least five classroom periods (about 45 minutes each). This does not include a visit by an archaeologist or a field trip to an archaeological site. Each session is followed up with an independent activity. Materials Required: Most materials required for this class are included in the Archaeology Trunk. Teachers will need to prepare copies of all student handouts. Web-based follow up activities will require the use of school or home computers with internet connections. 1 Materials Provided: These materials can be used for a classroom display or for a field exercise under the direction of a professional archaeologist. screen first aid kit trowel clip board compass level form root cutters feature form line level (2) flagging tape measuring tape board and markers or chalk dust pan spikes whisk broom twine brushes (2) Supplemental Books: Archaeology: The Comic by Johannes H.N. Loubser The Archaeology and History of the Native Georgia Tribes by Max E. White Suggested Activities: 1).
    [Show full text]
  • The Creek "Migration Legend"
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qm3x2bd Author Koons, Ryan Abel Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 © Copyright by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community by Ryan Abel Koons Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Tara Browner, Chair This dissertation presents an ethnography utilizing a multispecies perspective of the "busk" ritual cycle as performed by the southeastern Muskogee Creek American Indian community, Pvlvcekolv (Apalachicola). Humans construct humanity and personhood partially via interactions with other-than-human persons, such as animals, plants, and objects. I examine ritualized interactions between humans and others-than-human in a southeastern Indigenous "natureculture," exploring the intersections of ontology, personhood, and performance practice. Pvlvcekolv, an animistic Florida-based tribal town with a ceremonial Fire that pre-dates European Contact, maintains a centuries-old ritual tradition, the busk. Sometimes known as "Green Corn Ceremonialism," many Native communities share this tradition, including ii Cherokee, Chickasaw, Seminole, Yuchi, and other Creek peoples historically and in the present day. Performing the songs, dances, and ritual actions of the busk places participants into dialogue with other-than-human persons.
    [Show full text]
  • Monks Mound—Center of the Universe? by John Mcclarey
    GUEST ESSAY Monks Mound—Center of the universe? By John McClarey hyperbole or a facsimile? I think the case can be made that Monks Mound and the entire Alayout of this ancient metropolis in the H American Bottom near East St. Louis was a facsimile or model of Cahokia’s place in the cosmos, similar to the Black Hills as a “mirror or heaven” or the heart of all that is.” These are good metaphors to describe Cahokia’s center in the three-layer cake concept of the universe—the Underworld, the Earth, and the Sky. Cahokia by the 12th century B.C.E., was the place for people to connect with the spirits of this sacred sphere. In this article I will identify the sacred elements that made this place special to local and non-local populations and the role of the Birdman chiefs, priests, and shamans to interpret this unique place as a center in a larger world. Additionally, I identify the similarities of Cahokia as a a sacred place to other societies at different times and places. My fascination with Cahokia Mounds developed over a period of time with many visits from the early 1970s to the present. Briefly, Cahokia was the largest America city north of Mexico before the coming of the Europeans in the 15th cen- tury. It is believed that Cahokia was a political, religious, and economic center for perhaps as many as 500,000 Indians in the Mississippi Valley. It was a planned city with everything the world and in all religions, but the focus here is on the laid out on the cardinal points on the compass, Monks Cahokia Mounds in southern Illinois and cross culture Mound, the largest mound at the center, served as the official comparisons, Cahokia’s unique story includes the cruciform residence of the Great Sun god or Birdman deity.
    [Show full text]
  • Archeology of the Funeral Mound, Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia
    1.2.^5^-3 rK 'rm ' ^ -*m *~ ^-mt\^ -» V-* ^JT T ^T A . ESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE Clemson Universii akCHEOLOGY of the FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE NATIONAL MONUMENT, GEORGIA TIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 3ERAL JCATK5N r -v-^tfS i> &, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary National Park Service Conrad L. Wirth, Director Ihis publication is one of a series of research studies devoted to specialized topics which have been explored in con- nection with the various areas in the National Park System. It is printed at the Government Printing Office and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price $1 (paper cover) ARCHEOLOGY OF THE FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE National Monument, Georgia By Charles H. Fairbanks with introduction by Frank M. Settler ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR • WASHINGTON 1956 THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM, of which Ocmulgee National Monument is a unit, is dedi- cated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and his- toric heritage of the United States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. Foreword Ocmulgee National Monument stands as a memorial to a way of life practiced in the Southeast over a span of 10,000 years, beginning with the Paleo-Indian hunters and ending with the modern Creeks of the 19th century. Here modern exhibits in the monument museum will enable you to view the panorama of aboriginal development, and here you can enter the restoration of an actual earth lodge and stand where forgotten ceremonies of a great tribe were held.
    [Show full text]
  • RV Sites in the United States Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile
    RV sites in the United States This GPS POI file is available here: https://poidirectory.com/poifiles/united_states/accommodation/RV_MH-US.html Location Map 110-Mile Park Map 35 Mile Camp Map 370 Lakeside Park Map 5 Star RV Map 566 Piney Creek Horse Camp Map 7 Oaks RV Park Map 8th and Bridge RV Map A AAA RV Map A and A Mesa Verde RV Map A H Hogue Map A H Stephens Historic Park Map A J Jolly County Park Map A Mountain Top RV Map A-Bar-A RV/CG Map A. W. Jack Morgan County Par Map A.W. Marion State Park Map Abbeville RV Park Map Abbott Map Abbott Creek (Abbott Butte) Map Abilene State Park Map Abita Springs RV Resort (Oce Map Abram Rutt City Park Map Acadia National Parks Map Acadiana Park Map Ace RV Park Map Ackerman Map Ackley Creek Co Park Map Ackley Lake State Park Map Acorn East Map Acorn Valley Map Acorn West Map Ada Lake Map Adam County Fairgrounds Map Adams City CG Map Adams County Regional Park Map Adams Fork Map Page 1 Location Map Adams Grove Map Adelaide Map Adirondack Gateway Campgroun Map Admiralty RV and Resort Map Adolph Thomae Jr. County Par Map Adrian City CG Map Aerie Crag Map Aeroplane Mesa Map Afton Canyon Map Afton Landing Map Agate Beach Map Agnew Meadows Map Agricenter RV Park Map Agua Caliente County Park Map Agua Piedra Map Aguirre Spring Map Ahart Map Ahtanum State Forest Map Aiken State Park Map Aikens Creek West Map Ainsworth State Park Map Airplane Flat Map Airport Flat Map Airport Lake Park Map Airport Park Map Aitkin Co Campground Map Ajax Country Livin' I-49 RV Map Ajo Arena Map Ajo Community Golf Course Map
    [Show full text]
  • Salary Survey 2013
    2012/2013 Entry-level Salary Information for Recent Graduates in Agriculture and Related Disciplines Each year, participating agricultural colleges across the nation provide data to summarize entry-level salaries of recent graduates of their programs. The information is useful to help illustrate industry trends and provide appropriate baselines for both students and employers. The summary, which is coordinated by Iowa State University, includes information collected by career services offi ces from December 2012 and May 2013 undergraduates. After the data are tabulated, the summary is fi nalized in August of each year and disseminated to contributing schools for appropriate use. This year, the participating universities were: Auburn University - College of Agriculture Clemson University – College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Life Sciences Colorado State University – Warner College of Natural Resources and College of Agricultural Sciences Iowa State University – College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Michigan State University – College of Agriculture and Natural Resources The Ohio State University – College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Oklahoma State University – College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Purdue University – College of Agriculture Texas A&M University – College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Georgia – College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois – College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Kentucky – College of
    [Show full text]
  • Class G Tables of Geographic Cutter Numbers: Maps -- by Region Or
    G3862 SOUTHERN STATES. REGIONS, NATURAL G3862 FEATURES, ETC. .C55 Clayton Aquifer .C6 Coasts .E8 Eutaw Aquifer .G8 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway .L6 Louisville and Nashville Railroad 525 G3867 SOUTHEASTERN STATES. REGIONS, NATURAL G3867 FEATURES, ETC. .C5 Chattahoochee River .C8 Cumberland Gap National Historical Park .C85 Cumberland Mountains .F55 Floridan Aquifer .G8 Gulf Islands National Seashore .H5 Hiwassee River .J4 Jefferson National Forest .L5 Little Tennessee River .O8 Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail 526 G3872 SOUTHEAST ATLANTIC STATES. REGIONS, G3872 NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. .B6 Blue Ridge Mountains .C5 Chattooga River .C52 Chattooga River [wild & scenic river] .C6 Coasts .E4 Ellicott Rock Wilderness Area .N4 New River .S3 Sandhills 527 G3882 VIRGINIA. REGIONS, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. G3882 .A3 Accotink, Lake .A43 Alexanders Island .A44 Alexandria Canal .A46 Amelia Wildlife Management Area .A5 Anna, Lake .A62 Appomattox River .A64 Arlington Boulevard .A66 Arlington Estate .A68 Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial .A7 Arlington National Cemetery .A8 Ash-Lawn Highland .A85 Assawoman Island .A89 Asylum Creek .B3 Back Bay [VA & NC] .B33 Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge .B35 Baker Island .B37 Barbours Creek Wilderness .B38 Barboursville Basin [geologic basin] .B39 Barcroft, Lake .B395 Battery Cove .B4 Beach Creek .B43 Bear Creek Lake State Park .B44 Beech Forest .B454 Belle Isle [Lancaster County] .B455 Belle Isle [Richmond] .B458 Berkeley Island .B46 Berkeley Plantation .B53 Big Bethel Reservoir .B542 Big Island [Amherst County] .B543 Big Island [Bedford County] .B544 Big Island [Fluvanna County] .B545 Big Island [Gloucester County] .B547 Big Island [New Kent County] .B548 Big Island [Virginia Beach] .B55 Blackwater River .B56 Bluestone River [VA & WV] .B57 Bolling Island .B6 Booker T.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic England – Prehistoric Barrows and Burial Mounds
    Prehistoric Barrows and Burial Mounds Introductions to Heritage Assets Summary Historic England’s Introductions to Heritage Assets (IHAs) are accessible, authoritative, illustrated summaries of what we know about specific types of archaeological site, building, landscape or marine asset. Typically they deal with subjects which have previously lacked such a published summary, either because the literature is dauntingly voluminous, or alternatively where little has been written. Most often it is the latter, and many IHAs bring understanding of site or building types which are neglected or little understood. This IHA provides an introduction to prehistoric barrows and burial mounds - mounds of earth and/or stone of various shapes and sizes that are characteristic earthwork monuments of the prehistoric periods from about 5,800 until 3,400 years ago (3800-1400 BC). A small number are later, the practice ending around AD 800. While barrows are often isolated, many occur in groups, sometimes of just two or three, but occasionally of up to thirty or more. Groups of barrows are sometimes found in association with other monuments that are also often assumed to have served a ceremonial or ritual purpose during the Neolithic and Bronze Age. A list of in-depth sources on the topic is suggested for further reading. This document has been prepared by Dave Field and edited by Joe Flatman, Pete Herring and David McOmish. It is one of a series of 41 documents. This edition published by Historic England October 2018. All images © Historic England unless otherwise stated. Please refer to this document as: Historic England 2018 Prehistoric Barrows and Burial Mounds: Introductions to Heritage Assets.
    [Show full text]
  • Community of Tumulus (Organic Mound) Springs of the Swan Coastal Plain Interim Recovery Plan No
    INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN NO. 198 Assemblages of Organic Mound (Tumulus) Springs of the Swan Coastal Plain Recovery Plan Department of Environment and Conservation Species and Communities Branch, Kensington FOREWORD Interim Recovery Plans (IRPs) are developed within the framework laid down in Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) Policy Statements Nos 44 and 50. Note: the Department of CALM formally became the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) in July 2006. DEC will continue to adhere to these Policy Statements until they are revised and reissued. IRPs outline the recovery actions that are required to urgently address those threatening processes most affecting the ongoing survival of threatened taxa or ecological communities, and begin the recovery process. DEC is committed to ensuring that Critically Endangered ecological communities are conserved through the preparation and implementation of Recovery Plans (RPs) or Interim Recovery Plans (IRPs) and by ensuring that conservation action commences as soon as possible and always within one year of endorsement of that rank by the Minister. This Interim Recovery Plan replaces plan number 56, ‘Assemblages of Organic Mound (Tumulus) Springs of the Swan Coastal Plain’, Interim Recovery Plan 2000-2003, by V. English and J. Blyth. This Interim Recovery Plan will operate from January 2006 to December 2010 but will remain in force until withdrawn or replaced. It is intended that, if the ecological community is still ranked Critically Endangered, this IRP will be reviewed after five years. This IRP was given Regional approval on 14 December 2005 and was approved by the Director of Nature Conservation on 15 January 2006.
    [Show full text]