DOCSLIB.ORG

DNA Sequencing Reveals Three New Species of Chamberlainium

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DNA Sequencing Reveals Three New Species of Chamberlainium Botanica Marina 2021; 64(1): 19–40 Research article Courtney A. Puckree-Padua, Paul W. Gabrielson and Gavin W. Maneveldt* DNA sequencing reveals three new species of Chamberlainium (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from South Africa, all formerly passing under Spongites yendoi https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2020-0074 are correctly applied; all other non-geniculate coralline Received November 27, 2020; accepted December 18, 2020; names are likely misapplied in South Africa. published online January 6, 2021 Keywords: biogeography; Chamberlainoideae; cryptic Abstract: Three new non-geniculate coralline algal spe- diversity; morpho-anatomy; non-geniculate coralline algae. cies from South Africa are described that were passing under the misapplied name, Spongites yendoi. Based on plastid encoded DNA sequences from psbA and rbcL 1 Introduction markers, these species belong in the subfamily Chamber- lainoideae. The DNA sequences, supported by the morpho- The South African rocky intertidal and shallow subtidal anatomical character of tetrasporangial conceptacle roof zones have both an abundance and diversity of non- development, placed all three species in the genus Cham- geniculate coralline red algae with three (Corallinales, berlainium and not Pneophyllum, the only other genus in Hapalidiales, Sporolithales; Stephenson and Stephenson Chamberlainoideae. In addition to the diagnostic DNA se- 1972; Maneveldt et al. 2008) of the four orders (Corallinales, quences, Chamberlainium capense sp. nov., C. glebosum Corallinapetrales, Hapalidiales, Sporolithales; Jeong et al. sp. nov. and Chamberlainium occidentale sp. nov. may 2020) represented. South Africa has representative species be distinguished by a combination of habit, habitat, from more than half of the currently recognized extant geographic distribution, and several morpho-anatomical genera of non-geniculate coralline red algae, with the order features. Biogeographically all three species are found in Corallinales best represented (Maneveldt et al. 2016). the Benguela Marine Province of South Africa, with Included in this order are species previously placed in C. occidentale being the most widespread. Chamberlainium Spongites and the recently erected Chamberlainium that are glebosum also has a wide, but disjunct distribution particularly widespread and ecologically important in and C. capense is another South African endemic non- South Africa (Chamberlain 1993; Keats et al. 1993; Man- geniculate coralline, whose range is restricted to a 43 km eveldt and Keats 2008; Puckree-Padua et al. 2020b). stretch of coastline. Thus far, DNA sequences from type Based on a multi-gene molecular phylogeny, Rösler specimens of non-geniculate corallines show that only et al. (2016) noted that numerous southern hemisphere those species whose type localities are from South Africa species, assigned to Spongites, did not occur in the same clade with the generitype, Spongites fruticulosus Kützing (type locality: Mediterranean Sea), and would have to be placed in another genus. Caragnano et al. (2018) subse- *Corresponding author: Gavin W. Maneveldt, Department of quently proposed a new genus Chamberlainium and a new Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa, subfamily Chamberlainoideae to accommodate sequenced E-mail: [email protected]. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656- and named Spongites species from the northeast Pacific 5348 and from South Africa (van der Merwe et al. 2015), making Courtney A. Puckree-Padua, Department of Biodiversity and the new combinations Chamberlainium tumidum (Foslie) Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Caragnano, Foetisch, Maneveldt et Payri, Chamberlainium Bellville 7535, South Africa. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7684-0610 decipiens (Foslie) Caragnano, Foetisch, Maneveldt et Payri Paul W. Gabrielson, Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC, and Chamberlainium agulhense (Maneveldt, E.van der 27599-3280, USA. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-1187 Merwe et P.W.Gabrielson) Caragnano, Foetisch, Maneveldt Open Access. © 2020 Courtney A. Puckree-Padua et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 20 C.A. Puckree-Padua et al.: South African species of Chamberlainium et Payri. Two morpho-anatomical characters were pro- ecologically important and abundant epilithic intertidal posed to segregate Chamberlainium from Spongites:1) species along the entire South African coast of roughly diameter of tetra/bisporangial conceptacle chambers 3000 km (Chamberlain 1993; Maneveldt and Keats 2008; (<300 µm for Chamberlainium and >300 µm for Spongites); Maneveldt et al. 2008). The species’ morphological vari- and 2) number of cell layers composing roofs of tetra/bis- ability was largely attributed to variable grazing pressure porangial conceptacles (≤8 cell layers for Chamberlainium and/or to sand scouring (Chamberlain 1993; Maneveldt and >8 for Spongites; Caragnano et al. 2018). The former of and Keats 2008). Recently, DNA sequencing has resolved these characters no longer holds true for separating the seven distinct species passing under S. yendoi in South genera morpho-anatomically (Puckree-Padua et al. 2020b). Africa likely none of which are S. yendoi (Puckree-Padua Until recently, three species were recognized in Spon- et al. 2020b). Three of these species have already been gites in South Africa, based on morpho-anatomy, Spongites treated, Chamberlainium agulhense (Caragnano et al. 2018; impar (Foslie) Y.M.Chamberlain (type locality: Cape van der Merwe et al. 2015), Chamberlainium cochleare Peninsula, Western Cape Province, South Africa), Spongites Puckree-Padua, Haywood, P.W.Gabrielson et Maneveldt, discoideus (Foslie) Penrose et Woelkerling (type locality and Chamberlainium natalense (Foslie) Puckree-Padua, mouth of the Rio Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina), and P.W.Gabrielson et Maneveldt (Puckree-Padua et al. 2020b). Spongites yendoi (Foslie) Y.M.Chamberlain (type locality: Herein we describe, name, and transfer to Chamberlainium Shimoda Harbor, Shimoda Prefecture, Japan). Spon- three additional species. The seventh species, geographi- gites impar was transferred to Chamberlainium as Cham- cally distinct, which also was passing under S. yendoi, will berlainium impar (Foslie) Puckree-Padua, P.W.Gabrielson be transferred later. et Maneveldt (Puckree-Padua et al. 2020b). The lectotype of S. discoideus was sequenced and shown to be distinct from South African specimens given that name and to belong in 2 Materials and methods Pneophyllum to which it was transferred as Pneophyllum discoideum (Foslie) Puckree-Padua, Maneveldt et Specimens were collected during spring low tides from the rocky P.W.Gabrielson (Puckree-Padua et al. 2020a). An existing intertidal and shallow subtidal at various locations along the South name was available for the South African S. discoideus African coastline (Figure 1). Additional specimens from Namibia (southern West Africa), housed in the UWC herbarium, were also specimens, Lithophyllum marlothii (Heydrich) Heydrich, examined. Specimens on bedrock were removed using a geological whose type specimen was also sequenced, and it too was hammer and chisel. Where specimens occurred on pebbles or transferred to Pneophyllum as Pneophyllum marlothii gastropod shells, the entire pebble or shell along with the coralline (Heydrich) Puckree-Padua, P.W.Gabrielson, Hughey et was sampled. Specimens were sorted in the field. For each specimen, fi Maneveldt (Puckree-Padua et al. 2020a). one fragment was air-dried, one placed in silica gel, and one xed in 10% formalin. In South Africa, based on morpho-anatomy, S. yendoi Specimens for sequencing were examined and prepared was considered to be variable in morphology (thin and following Gabrielson et al. (2011) and extracted following Hughey et al. featureless to thick and protuberant) and the most (2001). Voucher specimens were deposited in UWC and NCU. Type Figure 1: Map of South Africa (gray shade), with an inset of False Bay, showing the coastal provinces, the biogeographic marine provinces and the approximate locations of collecting sites (● = Chamberlainium capense, ■ = C. glebosum, : = C. occidentale). C.A. Puckree-Padua et al.: South African species of Chamberlainium 21 specimens were deposited in L (Naturalis, Netherlands, Leiden). and 24 from GenBank) were used in the phylogenetic an- Herbarium acronyms followed Thiers (2020, continuously updated). alyses (Supplementary Table S1). The RAxML and Bayesian Specimens for light microscopy were prepared following Man- analyses, for both the psbA (Figure 2) and rbcL (Figure 3) eveldt and van der Merwe (2012). In cell measurements, length denotes the distance between primary pit connections, and diameter the genes were congruent in resolving Chamberlainium maximum width of the cell lumen at right angles to this. Conceptacle capense sp. nov., Chamberlainium glebosum sp. nov. and measurements followed Adey and Adey (1973). The determination and Chamberlainium occidentale sp. nov. in a monophyletic presentation (i.e., ranges and not averages with standard deviations/ clade in Chamberlainoideae with full support (100% BS/ errors) of all measurements followed Maneveldt et al. (2017). Thallus 1 PP). These three species occurred in a clade with the anatomical terminology followed Chamberlain (1990). Growth form generitype of Chamberlainium, C. tumidum,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ministério Da Educação Universidade Federal Rural Da Amazônia
    MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica BELÉM 2018 TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) apresentado ao curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) como requisito necessário para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Engenharia de Pesca. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática. Orientador: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Marko Herrmann. Coorientadora: Dra. Maria Carla de Aranzamendi. BELÉM 2018 TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado à Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, como parte das exigências do Curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, para a obtenção do título de bacharel. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática. ______________________________________ Data da aprovação Banca examinadora __________________________________________ Presidente da banca Prof. Dr. Breno Gustavo Bezerra Costa Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA __________________________________________ Membro 1 Prof. Dr. Lauro Satoru Itó Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA __________________________________________ Membro 2 Profa. Msc. Rosália Furtado Cutrim Souza Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA Aos meus sobrinhos, Tháina, Kauã e Laura. “Cabe a nós criarmos crianças que não tenham preconceitos, crianças capazes de ser solidárias e capazes de sentir compaixão! Cabe a nós sermos exemplos”. AGRADECIMENTOS Certamente algumas páginas não irão descrever os meus sinceros agradecimentos a todos aqueles que cooperaram de alguma forma, para que eu pudesse realizar este sonho.
    [Show full text]
  • JMS 70 1 031-041 Eyh003 FINAL
    PHYLOGENY AND HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LIMPETS OF THE ORDER PATELLOGASTROPODA BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCES TOMOYUKI NAKANO AND TOMOWO OZAWA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602,Japan (Received 29 March 2003; accepted 6June 2003) ABSTRACT Using new and previously published sequences of two mitochondrial genes (fragments of 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA; total 700 sites), we constructed a molecular phylogeny for 86 extant species, covering a major part of the order Patellogastropoda. There were 35 lottiid, one acmaeid, five nacellid and two patellid species from the western and northern Pacific; and 34 patellid, six nacellid and three lottiid species from the Atlantic, southern Africa, Antarctica and Australia. Emarginula foveolata fujitai (Fissurellidae) was used as the outgroup. In the resulting phylogenetic trees, the species fall into two major clades with high bootstrap support, designated here as (A) a clade of southern Tethyan origin consisting of superfamily Patelloidea and (B) a clade of tropical Tethyan origin consisting of the Acmaeoidea. Clades A and B were further divided into three and six subclades, respectively, which correspond with geographical distributions of species in the following genus or genera: (AÍ) north­ eastern Atlantic (Patella ); (A2) southern Africa and Australasia ( Scutellastra , Cymbula-and Helcion)', (A3) Antarctic, western Pacific, Australasia ( Nacella and Cellana); (BÍ) western to northwestern Pacific (.Patelloida); (B2) northern Pacific and northeastern Atlantic ( Lottia); (B3) northern Pacific (Lottia and Yayoiacmea); (B4) northwestern Pacific ( Nipponacmea); (B5) northern Pacific (Acmaea-’ânà Niveotectura) and (B6) northeastern Atlantic ( Tectura). Approximate divergence times were estimated using geo­ logical events and the fossil record to determine a reference date.
    [Show full text]
  • PROGRAMME 4 - 7 July 2017 • Boardwalk Convention Centre • Port Elizabeth • South Africa
    SAMssPORT ELIZABETH 2017 THE 16TH SOUTHERN AFRICAN MARINE SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM PROGRAMME 4 - 7 July 2017 • www.samss2017.co.za Boardwalk Convention Centre • Port Elizabeth • South Africa Theme: Embracing the blue l Unlocking the Ocean’s economic potential whilst maintaining social and ecological resilience SAMSS is hosted by NMMU, CMR and supported by SANCOR WELCOME PLENARY SPEAKERS It is our pleasure to welcome all SAMSS 2017 participants on behalf of the ROBERT COSTANZA - The Australian National University - Australia Institute for Coastal and Marine Research at Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University and the city of Port Elizabeth. NMMU has a long tradition of marine COSTANZA has an H-index above 100 and >60 000 research and its institutional marine and maritime strategy is coming to citations. His area of specialisation is ecosystem goods fruition, which makes this an ideal time for us to host this triennial meeting. and services and ecological economics. Costanza’s Under the auspices of SANCOR, this is the second time we host SAMSS in PE and the transdisciplinary research integrates the study of theme ‘Embracing the blue – unlocking the ocean’s potential whilst maintaining social humans and nature to address research, policy, and and ecological resilience’ is highly topical and appropriate, aligning with Operation management issues. His work has focused on the Phakisa, which is the national approach to developing a blue economy. South Africa is interface between ecological and economic systems, at a cross roads and facing economic challenges. Economic growth and lifting people particularly at larger temporal and spatial scales, from out of poverty is a priority and those of us in the ‘marine’ community need to be part small watersheds to the global system.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genus Phymatolithon (Hapalidiaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in South Africa, Including Species Previously Ascribed to Leptophytum
    South African Journal of Botany 90 (2014) 170–192 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect South African Journal of Botany journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb The genus Phymatolithon (Hapalidiaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in South Africa, including species previously ascribed to Leptophytum E. Van der Merwe, G.W. Maneveldt ⁎ Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, P. Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa article info abstract Article history: Of the genera within the coralline algal subfamily Melobesioideae, the genera Leptophytum Adey and Received 2 May 2013 Phymatolithon Foslie have probably been the most contentious in recent years. In recent publications, the Received in revised form 4 November 2013 name Leptophytum was used in quotation marks because South African taxa ascribed to this genus had not Accepted 5 November 2013 been formally transferred to another genus or reduced to synonymy. The status and generic disposition of Available online 7 December 2013 those species (L. acervatum, L. ferox, L. foveatum) have remained unresolved ever since Düwel and Wegeberg Edited by JC Manning (1996) determined from a study of relevant types and other specimens that Leptophytum Adey was a heterotypic synonym of Phymatolithon Foslie. Based on our study of numerous recently collected specimens and of published Keywords: data on the relevant types, we have concluded that each of the above species previously ascribed to Leptophytum Non-geniculate coralline algae represents a distinct species of Phymatolithon, and that four species (incl. P. repandum)ofPhymatolithon are Phymatolithon acervatum currently known to occur in South Africa. Phymatolithon ferox Here we present detailed illustrated accounts of each of the four species, including: new data on male and female/ Phymatolithon foveatum carposporangial conceptacles; ecological and morphological/anatomical comparisons; and a review of the infor- Phymatolithon repandum mation on the various features used previously to separate Leptophytum and Phymatolithon.
    [Show full text]
  • The Response of a Protandrous Species to Exploitation, and the Implications for Management: a Case Study with Patellid Limpets
    University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics National Oceanography Centre, Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Sciences The Response of a Protandrous Species to Exploitation, and the Implications for Management: a Case Study with Patellid Limpets. William J F Le Quesne Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2005 Graduate School of the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton This PhD dissertation by William J F Le Quesne has been produced under the supervision of the following persons: Supervisors: Prof. John G. Shepherd Prof Stephen Hawkins Chair of Advisory Panel: Dr Lawrence E. Hawkins Member of Advisory Panel: Dr John A. Williams University
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Encrusting Coralline Algae in the Diets of Intertidal Herbivores
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of the Western Cape Research Repository Maneveldt, G.W. et al. (2006). The role of encrusting coralline algae in the diets of selected intertidal herbivores. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY, 18: 619-627 The role of encrusting coralline algae in the diets of selected intertidal herbivores Gavin W. Maneveldt*, Deborah Wilby, Michelle Potgieter & Martin G.J. Hendricks Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology University of the Western Cape P. Bag X17 Bellville 7535 South Africa * Correcsponding author: [email protected] Key words: encrusting coralline algae, diet, grazers, herbivory, organic content, rocky shore. Abstract Kalk Bay, South Africa, has a typical south coast zonation pattern with a band of seaweed dominating the mid-eulittoral and sandwiched between two molluscan- herbivore dominated upper and lower eulittoral zones. Encrusting coralline algae were very obvious features of these zones. The most abundant herbivores in the upper eulittoral were the limpet, Cymbula oculus (10.4 + 1.6 m-2; 201.65 + 32.68 g.m-2) and the false limpet, Siphonaria capensis (97.07 + 19.92 m-2; 77.93 + 16.02 g.m-2). The territorial gardening limpet, Scutellastra cochlear, dominated the lower eulittoral zone, achieving very high densities (545.27 + 84.35 m-2) and biomass (4630.17 + 556.13 g.m-2), and excluded all other herbivores and most seaweeds, except for its garden alga and the encrusting coralline alga, Spongities yendoi (35.93 + 2.26 % cover). For the upper eulittoral zone, only the chiton Acanthochiton garnoti 30.5 + 1.33 % and the limpet C.
    [Show full text]
  • Hierarchical Spatial Structure and Levels of Resolution of Intertidal Grazing and Their Consequences on Predictability and Stability at Small Scales
    Hierarchical spatial structure and levels of resolution of intertidal grazing and their consequences on predictability and stability at small scales Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of Rhodes University By ELIECER RODRIGO DIAZ DIAZ June 2008 Abstract The aim of this research was to assess three hierarchical aspects of alga-grazer interactions in intertidal communities on a small scale: spatial heterogeneity, grazing effects and spatial stability in grazing effects. First, using semivariograms and cross-semivariograms I observed hierarchical spatial patterns in most algal groups and in grazers. However, these patterns varied with the level on the shore and between shores, suggesting that either human exploitation or wave exposure can be a source of variability. Second, grazing effects were studied using manipulative experiments at different levels on the shore. These revealed significant effects of grazing on the low shore and in tidal pools. Additionally, using a transect of grazer exclusions across the shore, I observed unexpected hierarchical patchiness in the strength of grazing, rather than zonation in its effects. This patchiness varied in time due to different biotic and abiotic factors. In a separate experiment, the effect of mesograzers effects were studied in the upper eulittoral zone under four conditions: burnt open rock (BOR), burnt pools (Bpool), non- burnt open rock (NBOR) and non-burnt pools (NBpool). Additionally, I tested spatial stability in the effects of grazing in consecutive years, using the same plots. I observed great spatial variability in the effects of grazing, but this variability was spatially stable in Bpools and NBOR, meaning deterministic and significant grazing effects in consecutive years on the same plots.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Seals in Coastal Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways at Robberg, South Africa
    The role of seals in coastal hunter-gatherer lifeways at Robberg, South Africa. By Leesha Richardson Supervised by Prof Judith Sealy and Dr Deano Stynder Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) in Archaeology In the Department of Archaeology Faculty of Science University of Cape Town February 2020 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. Plagiarism Declaration I have used the Harvard convention for citation and referencing. Each contribution from, and quotation in, this thesis from the work(s) of other people has been attributed, and has been cited and referenced. This thesis is my own work: Leesha Richardson RCHLEE003 Date: 8 February 2020 i Abstract Seals were a major dietary item for coastal hunter-gatherers and herders in South Africa. At Nelson Bay Cave (NBC), more than half of the Holocene mammal bones are from Cape Fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus). Previous analyses of the seal assemblage from this site have studied only selected skeletal elements. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of seal remains from selected archaeological levels at Nelson Bay Cave and from the 2007/2008 excavations at nearby Hoffmans/Robberg Cave (HRC). Body part representation and frequency, age distribution and bone modification have been documented to determine the role of seals in the lifeways of hunter-gatherers and pastoralists at Robberg throughout the Holocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Dinner Plate, Cochlear and Pacman Corallines
    OF DINNER PLATE, COCHLEAR AND PACMAN CORALLINES Seven common intertidal encrusting coralline red seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula. by Gavin W. Maneveldt, Botany Department, and Rene Frans International Ocean Institute of Southern Africa. University of the Western Cape In the fifth and final part of this series of articles on common intertidal seaweeds of the Cape Peninsula, we look at encrusting coralline algae. These encrusting coralline red seaweeds are widespread in shallow water in all of the world’s oceans, where they often cover close to 100% of rocky substrates. Nowhere are they more important than in the ecology of coral reefs. Not only do encrusting coralline algae help cement the reef together, but they make up a considerable portion of the mass of the reef itself and are important primary products and food for certain herbivores. SPONGITES YENDOI (1), ocal represen­ is the most abundant encrusting tatives of coralline in the intertidal, occurring encrusting from the mid intertidal to the L immediate subtidal. Its colour varies coralline algae are from grey-pink in well-lit areas to equally abundant mauve in the shade. Individuals throughout the generally fuse together when crusts intertidal zone of meet, so that large expanses of the the Cape Peninsula. coralline are often though of as a single seaweed. This coralline is Even so, they are a closely associated with the territorial poorly known ‘gardening lim p et’ Scutellastra group of seaweeds, c o c h le a r , more commonly known as readily the pear-shaped limpet, where it forms an extensive covering of limpets’ shells recognizable as and the base of limpet zone.
    [Show full text]
  • Nongeniculate Coralline Red Algae (Rhodophyta: Corallinales) in Coral Reefs from Northeastern Brazil and a Description of Neogoniolithon Atlanticum Sp
    Phytotaxa 190 (1): 277–298 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.17 Nongeniculate coralline red algae (Rhodophyta: Corallinales) in coral reefs from Northeastern Brazil and a description of Neogoniolithon atlanticum sp. nov. FREDERICO T.S. TÂMEGA1,2, RAFAEL RIOSMENA-RODRIGUEZ3*, RODRIGO MARIATH4 & MARCIA A.O. FIGUEIREDO1,2,4 1Programa de Pós Graduação em Botânica, Museu Nacional-UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista s. n°, 20940–040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] 2Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Departamento de Oceanografia, Rua Kioto 253, 28930–000, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil. 3Programa de Investigación en Botánica Marina, Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Apartado postal 19–B, 23080 La Paz, BCS, Mexico. 4Instituto de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. *Corresponding author. Phone (5261) 2123–8800 (4812). Fax: (5261) 2123–8819. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A taxonomic reassessment of coralline algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) associated with reef environments in the Abrolhos Bank, northeastern Brazil, was developed based on extensive historical samples dating from 1999–2009 and a critical evaluation of type material. Our goal was to update the taxonomic status of the main nongeniculate coral reef-forming species. Our results show that four species are the main contributors to the living cover of coral reefs in the Abrolhos Bank: Lithophyllum stictaeforme, Neogoniolithon atlanticum sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Documenting the Association Between a Non-Geniculate Coralline Red Alga and Its Molluscan Host
    Documenting the association between a non-geniculate coralline red alga and its molluscan host Rosemary Eager Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology University of the Western Cape P. Bag X17, Bellville 7535 South Africa A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MSc in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisor: Gavin W. Maneveldt March 2010 I declare that “Documenting the association between a non-geniculate coralline red alga and its molluscan host” is my own work, that it has not been submi tted for any degree or examination at any other university, and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by complete references. 3 March 2010 ii I would like to dedicate this thesis to my husband, John Eager and my children Gabrian and Savannah for their patience and support. Last, but never least, I would like to thank GOD for sustaining me during this project. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .........................................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Literature Review 1.1 Zonation on rocky shores....................................................................................................5 1.1.1 Factors causing zonation ...........................................................................................6 1.2 Plant-animal interactions on rocky shores .........................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • First Assessment of the Diversity of Coralline Species Forming Maerl and Rhodoliths in Guadeloupe, Caribbean Using an Integrative Systematic Approach
    Phytotaxa 190 (1): 190–215 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.13 First assessment of the diversity of coralline species forming maerl and rhodoliths in Guadeloupe, Caribbean using an integrative systematic approach VIVIANA PEÑA1,2,3, FLORENCE ROUSSEAU2, BRUNO DE REVIERS2 & LINE LE GALL2 1Grupo de investigación BIOCOST, Universidad de A Coruña, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de A Zapateira S/N, 15071, A Coruña, Spain. 2UMR 7205 ISYEB CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Equipe Exploration, Espèces et Evolution, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), case postale N° 39, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 CEDEX 05, Paris, France. 3Phycology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. Corresponding author: Viviana Peña. Email address: [email protected] Abstract The present study documents species of coralline algae that form maerl and rhodoliths in Guadeloupe, Caribbean using an integrative systematic approach of combining molecular (COI-5P, psbA) and morphological/anatomical data. Maerl and rhodoliths were collected by SCUBA and dredging from six localities in Guadeloupe during the Karubenthos Expedition, which was coordinated by the Parc National de la Guadeloupe and the Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle. Of the twelve maerl and rhodolith specimens collected and sequenced, eight specific entities were delimitated based on the analysis of molecular data: Lithothamnion cf. ruptile, five species of the genus Lithothamnion, one species of the genus Spongites, and the remaining one was either assigned to the genus Lithoporella or Mastophora.
    [Show full text]