DOCSLIB.ORG

The Response of a Protandrous Species to Exploitation, and the Implications for Management: a Case Study with Patellid Limpets

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Response of a Protandrous Species to Exploitation, and the Implications for Management: a Case Study with Patellid Limpets University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics National Oceanography Centre, Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Sciences The Response of a Protandrous Species to Exploitation, and the Implications for Management: a Case Study with Patellid Limpets. William J F Le Quesne Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2005 Graduate School of the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton This PhD dissertation by William J F Le Quesne has been produced under the supervision of the following persons: Supervisors: Prof. John G. Shepherd Prof Stephen Hawkins Chair of Advisory Panel: Dr Lawrence E. Hawkins Member of Advisory Panel: Dr John A. Williams University of Southampton ABSTRACT Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics School of Ocean and Earth Science National Oceanography Centre, Southampton Doctor of Philosophy The response of a protandrous species to exploitation, and the implications for management: a case study with patellid limpets by William J F Le Quesne July 2005 A zygote production model for the patellid limpet Patella vulgata has been developed to examine the e®ect of exploitation on the reproductive output of a protandrous (male to female sequential) hermaphrodite. Patellid limpets are broadcast spawners which can have speci¯c implications for the e®ect of exploitation on reproductive output, due to sperm limitation. The combined zygote production model was made of three component sub-models; a population fecundity model, a gamete dispersal model, and a fertilisation model. The model makes explicit account of sperm limitation, and is based upon data collected through ¯eld and laboratory investigations conducted as part of this thesis. The model was used to examine the relationship between egg and zygote production, and spawning stock biomass (SSB) and ¯shery yield for a range of P. vulgata populations across a wave exposure gradient. The e®ect of di®erent management strategies, minimum landing size or marine protected areas, on the relationship between reproductive output and yield was also examined. Protandry lead to a decoupling between SSB and zygote production as the populations were ex- posed to the simulated ¯shery. There was a ¯ve-fold variation in zygote production per unit area across a wave exposure gradient. Comparison of di®erent management strategies indicates that the ¯shery yield could vary by up to three-fold depending on the management strategy used, whilst still protecting the same level of population reproductive output. The genetic population structure of the Azorean Patella candei population was also examined to determine the scale of larval dispersal to allow the management recommendations of the zygote production model to be examined in a wider ecological context. Due to evidence of a recent population bottleneck in the Azorean P. candei population no ¯rm conclusions could be drawn from this study as to the scale of larval dispersal. Declaration of Authorship I, William Le Quesne, declare that the thesis entitled `The e®ect of protandry on the e®ect of exploitation: a case study with patellid limpets' and the work presented in it are my own. I con¯rm that: ² this work was done wholly or mainly while in candidature for a research degree at this University; ² where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed; ² where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work; ² I have acknowledged all main sources of help; ² where the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. Signed: ............................................................................... Date: .................................................................................. Acknowledgements I am gratefully indebted to my supervisors, Steve Hawkins, who has enlightened my understanding of the nature of ecological processes and relationships, and John Shepherd, who has shown me how these processes and relationships can be repre- sented mathematically. I am also grateful to many co-workers in Plymouth and the Azores who have as- sisted with ¯eld and laboratory work, especially Jo Preston, Trevor Worsley, Joao Goncalves, Alan Hodgson, Norberto Serpa and HIM; without their assistance this work would not have been possible. The molecular genetic part of this work was done in conjunction with the EUMAR project and the Marine Biological Associa- tion, Plymouth. This work was inspired by my family in countless ways, and I am hugely thankful to my wife and daughter for their continual support and encouragement. Contents List of ¯gures vi List of tables vii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Fisheries Management and Population Biology of Exploited Species . 3 1.2 Protandry, Sex Allocation and Population Biology . 5 1.2.1 Sequential hermaphroditism and ¯shery exploitation . 6 1.3 Protandry and Population Fecundity . 10 1.3.1 Fecundity-length relationships . 10 1.3.2 Population structure . 12 1.4 Fertilisation Kinetics . 15 1.5 Egg Production, Sperm Limitation and Larval Production . 16 1.6 The Spatial Scale of Populations . 19 1.6.1 Stock identi¯cation and ¯sheries management . 20 1.6.2 Larval dispersal and marine protected areas (MPAs) . 23 1.7 Patellid Limpet Biology, Ecology, and Fisheries . 26 1.8 Aims and Objectives . 28 2 Direct observation of protandry in Patella vulgata 31 2.1 Introduction . 31 2.2 Method . 33 2.3 Results and Discussion . 35 3 Spawning and Gamete Dispersal 37 3.1 Introduction . 37 i 3.2 Methods . 40 3.3 Results . 41 3.4 Discussion . 42 3.5 Surf Zone and Very Nearshore Oceanography: Modelling Gamete Dis- persal . 44 3.5.1 Surf zone hydrodynamics . 44 3.5.2 Modelling gamete dispersal . 49 4 Fertilisation Kinetics 54 4.1 Introduction . 54 4.1.1 Aims . 56 4.2 Materials and Methods . 56 4.2.1 Preparation of sperm stock suspensions . 57 4.2.2 Preparation of egg stock suspensions . 57 4.2.3 Experiment 1: sperm concentration . 57 4.2.4 Experiment 2: gamete contact time . 58 4.2.5 Experiment 3: sperm age . 59 4.2.6 Experiment 4: egg age . 59 4.3 Results . 60 4.3.1 Sperm concentration . 60 4.3.2 Gamete contact time . 61 4.3.3 Gamete age . 62 4.4 Fitting the VCCW Model . 64 4.5 Discussion . 66 4.5.1 Sperm concentration . 67 4.5.2 Gamete contact time . 67 4.5.3 Gamete age . 68 4.5.4 Applying the modi¯ed VCCW model . 69 5 Protandry, Population Fecundity and Spawning Stock Biomass 72 5.1 Introduction . 72 5.1.1 Limpet size-fecundity relationships . 72 5.1.2 Aims . 73 5.2 Methods . 74 ii 5.2.1 Population structure . 74 5.2.2 Fecundity . 75 5.3 Results . 79 5.4 Discussion . 92 5.4.1 What is the e®ect of protandry on the relationship between gametic output, SSB and yield? . 92 5.4.2 Is SSB a good proxy for population egg production for protan- drous hermaphrodites? . 96 5.4.3 Are yield and fecundity best managed by MPAs or MLS? . 97 5.4.4 What is the e®ect of wave exposure and how should habitat variability be accounted for in management decisions? . 99 6 Larval Production Modelling 103 6.1 Introduction . 103 6.1.1 Aims . 104 6.2 Zygote Production Model . 105 6.3 Model Runs . 108 6.3.1 Sensitivity analysis . 108 6.3.2 Simulation runs . 111 6.4 Model Predictions . 111 6.5 Discussion . 117 6.5.1 Is sperm limiting to zygote production? . 117 6.5.2 Does sperm limitation a®ect the relationship between zygote production, SSB and ¯shery yield? . 122 6.5.3 Are SSB and egg production good proxies for population zy- gote production? . 123 6.5.4 In order to conserve zygote production whilst maximising yield, is the population best managed by MLS or MPAs? . 126 7 Population Genetic Di®erentiation of P. candei in the Azores Archipelago: Management Implications for Stock Identi¯cation and Marine Re- serve Placement 128 7.1 Introduction . 128 7.1.1 Aims and Approach . 131 iii 7.2 Methods . 132 7.2.1 Sample collection . 132 7.2.2 Sample analysis . 133 7.2.3 Data analysis . 134 7.3 Results . 137 7.3.1 Haplotype diversity . 137 7.3.2 Diversity and population structure . 137 7.4 Discussion . 151 7.4.1 Population structure . 151 7.4.2 Population history . 155 8 General Discussion and Conclusions 158 8.1 The E®ect of Protandry on the Relationship Between Egg and Zygote Production, and SSB and Yield. 159 8.2 Does Sperm Limitation Matter? . 161 8.3 Management Implications of the Zygote Production Model, and the Importance of MPAs. 163 8.4 Limitations and Further Work . 166 8.5 Concluding Remarks . 168 Appendices . on supplementary cd iv List of Figures 2.1 Sex ratio of P. vulgata from Lynmouth beach . 34 2.2 P.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Exploitation of Rocky Intertidal Grazers: Population Status and Potential Impacts on Community Structure and Functioning
    Vol. 3: 1–10, 2008 AQUATIC BIOLOGY Printed August 2008 doi: 10.3354/ab00072 Aquat Biol Published online July 1, 2008 OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Exploitation of rocky intertidal grazers: population status and potential impacts on community structure and functioning Gustavo M. Martins1, 2, 3,*, Stuart R. Jenkins3, 4, Stephen J. Hawkins3, 5, Ana I. Neto2, Richard C. Thompson1 1Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, Marine Institute, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK 2Secção Biologia Marinha and CIRN, Departamento Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal 3Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK 4School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales Bangor, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5EY, UK 5College of Natural Sciences, University of Bangor, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK ABSTRACT: A wide range of anthropogenic activities are impacting the ecology of coastal areas. Exploitation of marine resources is one such activity, which, through cascading trophic effects, can have influences well beyond that of the target species. We investigated the mid-rocky-shore commu- nity structure of the Azores archipelago, a seldom-studied habitat, where there is a local tradition of exploiting limpets, the main intertidal grazers. The limpet population structure differed among islands, and there was an inverse relationship between the abundance of larger limpets and the human population per coastal perimeter, but not the associated catch data. At small scales of resolu- tion (quadrats), there was a negative relationship between the cover of algae and limpets and a pos- itive relationship between barnacles and limpets. These relationships were also apparent at the larger scale of islands as a function of the gradient of exploitation.
    [Show full text]
  • Ministério Da Educação Universidade Federal Rural Da Amazônia
    MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica BELÉM 2018 TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) apresentado ao curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) como requisito necessário para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Engenharia de Pesca. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática. Orientador: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Marko Herrmann. Coorientadora: Dra. Maria Carla de Aranzamendi. BELÉM 2018 TAIANA AMANDA FONSECA DOS PASSOS Biologia reprodutiva de Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) (Gastropoda: Nacellidae) do sublitoral da Ilha do Rei George, Península Antártica Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado à Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, como parte das exigências do Curso de Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, para a obtenção do título de bacharel. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática. ______________________________________ Data da aprovação Banca examinadora __________________________________________ Presidente da banca Prof. Dr. Breno Gustavo Bezerra Costa Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA __________________________________________ Membro 1 Prof. Dr. Lauro Satoru Itó Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA __________________________________________ Membro 2 Profa. Msc. Rosália Furtado Cutrim Souza Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA Aos meus sobrinhos, Tháina, Kauã e Laura. “Cabe a nós criarmos crianças que não tenham preconceitos, crianças capazes de ser solidárias e capazes de sentir compaixão! Cabe a nós sermos exemplos”. AGRADECIMENTOS Certamente algumas páginas não irão descrever os meus sinceros agradecimentos a todos aqueles que cooperaram de alguma forma, para que eu pudesse realizar este sonho.
    [Show full text]
  • The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galápagos
    THE FESTIVUS ISSN 0738-9388 A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume XXIX December 4, 1997 Supplement The Recent Molluscan Marine Fauna of the Islas Galapagos Kirstie L. Kaiser Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page i THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE FAUNA OF THE ISLAS GALApAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA 4 December 1997 SiL jo Cover: Adapted from a painting by John Chancellor - H.M.S. Beagle in the Galapagos. “This reproduction is gifi from a Fine Art Limited Edition published by Alexander Gallery Publications Limited, Bristol, England.” Anon, QU Lf a - ‘S” / ^ ^ 1 Vol. XXIX Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 1 DISCUSSION 2 RESULTS 2 Table 1: Deep-Water Species 3 Table 2: Additions to the verified species list of Finet (1994b) 4 Table 3: Species listed as endemic by Finet (1994b) which are no longer restricted to the Galapagos .... 6 Table 4: Summary of annotated checklist of Galapagan mollusks 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 6 LITERATURE CITED 7 APPENDIX 1: ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF GALAPAGAN MOLLUSKS 17 APPENDIX 2: REJECTED SPECIES 47 INDEX TO TAXA 57 Vol. XXIX: Supplement THE FESTIVUS Page 1 THE RECENT MOLLUSCAN MARINE EAUNA OE THE ISLAS GALAPAGOS KIRSTIE L. KAISER' Museum Associate, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Introduction marine mollusks (Appendix 2). The first list includes The marine mollusks of the Galapagos are of additional earlier citations, recent reported citings, interest to those who study eastern Pacific mollusks, taxonomic changes and confirmations of 31 species particularly because the Archipelago is far enough from previously listed as doubtful.
    [Show full text]
  • ECOLOGICAL ENERGETICS of TROPICAL LIMPET Cellana Testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) LIVING on the ROCKY SHORE of OHOIWAIT, SOUTHEAST MOLUCCAS, INDONESIA
    Journal of Coastal Deveolpment ISSN : 1410-5217 Volume 11, Number 2, February 2008 : 89-96 ECOLOGICAL ENERGETICS OF TROPICAL LIMPET Cellana testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) LIVING ON THE ROCKY SHORE OF OHOIWAIT, SOUTHEAST MOLUCCAS, INDONESIA Abraham Seumel Khouw Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Pattimura University, Ambon Indonesia Received : November, 2, 2007 ; Accepted :January,4, 2008 ABSTRACT Study on ecological energetics of tropical limpet C. testudinaria has been carried out at approximately one year from October 2001 to September 2002. Population energy budgets estimated on the assumption of steady state conditions for C. testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758) on the rocky shore of Ohoiwait, are presented. Large difference in population structure, and hence energetics, occurred at different localities along the rocky shore. Relatively high proportions (98 %) of the assimilated energy was lost via metabolism. Assimilation efficiency is 39 %, net growth efficiency is 1.8 %, and ecological efficiency 0.3 %. Production (P), energy flow (A) and total energy consumption (C) were expressed as functions of animal size, in order to facilitate gross estimations of the energy component for which data on size frequency and density are available. Key words: ecological energetics, cellana testudinaria, energy components Correspondence: Phone : +6281343044295, e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Cellana testudinaria is intertidal, grazing Little has been published on the gastropod abundant on medium to very ecology of C. testudinaria. Khouw (2002) exposed rocky shores of Ohoiwait. The discussed their growth pattern and shell species shows marked zonation, with only a shape variation in relation to zonal little overlap between zones. C. testudinaria distribution. Distribution, abundance, and occurs at several spatial and temporal scales biomass were investigated by Khouw from the extreme low water spring tide (2006a) and presented evidence for the (ELWST) to the extreme high water spring effects of drying.
    [Show full text]
  • Print This Article
    Mediterranean Marine Science Vol. 9, 2008 Molluscan species of minor commercial interest in Hellenic seas: Distribution, exploitation and conservation status KATSANEVAKIS S. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Ispra LEFKADITOU E. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources, Agios Kosmas, P.C. 16610, Elliniko, Athens GALINOU-MITSOUDI S. Fisheries & Aquaculture Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 63200, Nea Moudania KOUTSOUBAS D. University of the Aegean, Department of Marine Science, University Hill, 81100 Mytilini ZENETOS A. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources, Agios Kosmas, P.C. 16610, Elliniko, Athens https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.145 Copyright © 2008 To cite this article: KATSANEVAKIS, S., LEFKADITOU, E., GALINOU-MITSOUDI, S., KOUTSOUBAS, D., & ZENETOS, A. (2008). Molluscan species of minor commercial interest in Hellenic seas: Distribution, exploitation and conservation status. Mediterranean Marine Science, 9(1), 77-118. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.145 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 27/09/2021 17:44:35 | Review Article Mediterranean Marine Science Volume 9/1, 2008, 77-118 Molluscan species of minor commercial interest in Hellenic seas: Distribution, exploitation and conservation status S. KATSANEVAKIS1, E. LEFKADITOU1, S. GALINOU-MITSOUDI2, D. KOUTSOUBAS3 and A. ZENETOS1 1 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological
    [Show full text]
  • Title Biogeography in Cellana (Patellogastropoda, Nacellidae) with Special Emphasis on the Relationships of Southern Hemisphere
    Biogeography in Cellana (Patellogastropoda, Nacellidae) with Title Special Emphasis on the Relationships of Southern Hemisphere Oceanic Island Species González-Wevar, Claudio A.; Nakano, Tomoyuki; Palma, Author(s) Alvaro; Poulin, Elie Citation PLOS ONE (2017), 12(1) Issue Date 2017-01-18 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/218484 © 2017 González-Wevar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Right Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University RESEARCH ARTICLE Biogeography in Cellana (Patellogastropoda, Nacellidae) with Special Emphasis on the Relationships of Southern Hemisphere Oceanic Island Species Claudio A. GonzaÂlez-Wevar1,2*, Tomoyuki Nakano3, Alvaro Palma4, Elie Poulin1 1 GAIA-AntaÂrtica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile, 2 Instituto de EcologõÂa y Biodiversidad Ä a1111111111 (IEB), Departamento de Ciencias EcoloÂgicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Nuñoa, Santiago, Chile, 3 Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Field Science Education and Research Centre, Kyoto University, a1111111111 Nishimuro, Wakayama, Japan, 4 Universidad Gabriela Mistral, Facultad de IngenierõÂa y Negocios, a1111111111 Providencia, Santiago, Chile a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Oceanic islands lacking connections to other land are extremely isolated from sources of Citation: GonzaÂlez-Wevar CA, Nakano T, Palma A, potential colonists and have acquired their biota mainly through dispersal from geographi- Poulin E (2017) Biogeography in Cellana cally distant areas. Hence, isolated island biota constitutes interesting models to infer bio- (Patellogastropoda, Nacellidae) with Special geographical mechanisms of dispersal, colonization, differentiation, and speciation. Limpets Emphasis on the Relationships of Southern Hemisphere Oceanic Island Species.
    [Show full text]
  • De Smit E. and Baba K., 2001. Data to The
    MALAKOLÓGIAI TÁJÉKOZTATÓ MALACOLOGICAL NEWSLETTER 2001 19: 95–101 Data to the malacofauna of Katavothres (Kefalinia, Greece) E. De Smit–K. Bába Abstract: The authors evaluated the samples collected by Marninus De Smit in 1999 at the collection site of Katavothres, on the isle of Kefalinia, Greece. Key-words: Katavothers, Greece, Marin mollusc fauna Material and methods Sample collections were carried out in a southern bay of the isle of Kefalinia, on the coast of Katavothres (09.06.1999.) For the determination of the order of families we used Poppe, G. T.–Gotto, Y. (1991–1993) Vol. I-II. For the identification of species we gave preference to the following publications: Nordsieik, F. (1968, 1969, 1972) Poppe, G. T.–Gotto, Y. (1991, 1993), D’ Angeló–Gargiullo, S. (1978) and also Ghisotti, F.–Melone, G. (1971, 1972, 1975) Results The collections yielded species from Scaphopoda, Lamellibranchiata and Gastropoda class- es. Altogether 7697 individuals belonging to 188 species were collected. (Scaphopoda: 1 family 1 species, Lamellibranchiata: 30 families 90 species 3811 specimen, Gastropoda: 42 families 188 species 7697 specimen). From the Bivalvia the Musculus laevigatus is a cir- cumpolar, the Hiatellidae: Hiatella arctica is a boreal circumpolar species. From the Gastropoda the Trochidae: Clanculus striatus, Phasianellidae: Tricolia miniata are known as belonging to the Southern Mediterranean. Most probably they spread due shipping. From most of the species encountered 1-40 individuals were found. More than 100 indi- viduals were collected from the species below: Jujubinus striatus, Gibbula philberti, Truncatella subcylindrica, Alvania consociella, Bittium latreilli, Bittium reticulatum, Cerithium alucaster, Gibberula miliaria, Granulina clandestina. Summary From the alluvial deposits on an island near Greece 11 508 individuals from 279 species of 72 families from 3 orders were encountered.
    [Show full text]
  • Os Nomes Galegos Dos Moluscos
    A Chave Os nomes galegos dos moluscos 2017 Citación recomendada / Recommended citation: A Chave (2017): Nomes galegos dos moluscos recomendados pola Chave. http://www.achave.gal/wp-content/uploads/achave_osnomesgalegosdos_moluscos.pdf 1 Notas introdutorias O que contén este documento Neste documento fornécense denominacións para as especies de moluscos galegos (e) ou europeos, e tamén para algunhas das especies exóticas máis coñecidas (xeralmente no ámbito divulgativo, por causa do seu interese científico ou económico, ou por seren moi comúns noutras áreas xeográficas). En total, achéganse nomes galegos para 534 especies de moluscos. A estrutura En primeiro lugar preséntase unha clasificación taxonómica que considera as clases, ordes, superfamilias e familias de moluscos. Aquí apúntase, de maneira xeral, os nomes dos moluscos que hai en cada familia. A seguir vén o corpo do documento, onde se indica, especie por especie, alén do nome científico, os nomes galegos e ingleses de cada molusco (nalgún caso, tamén, o nome xenérico para un grupo deles). Ao final inclúese unha listaxe de referencias bibliográficas que foron utilizadas para a elaboración do presente documento. Nalgunhas desas referencias recolléronse ou propuxéronse nomes galegos para os moluscos, quer xenéricos quer específicos. Outras referencias achegan nomes para os moluscos noutras linguas, que tamén foron tidos en conta. Alén diso, inclúense algunhas fontes básicas a respecto da metodoloxía e dos criterios terminolóxicos empregados. 2 Tratamento terminolóxico De modo moi resumido, traballouse nas seguintes liñas e cos seguintes criterios: En primeiro lugar, aprofundouse no acervo lingüístico galego. A respecto dos nomes dos moluscos, a lingua galega é riquísima e dispomos dunha chea de nomes, tanto específicos (que designan un único animal) como xenéricos (que designan varios animais parecidos).
    [Show full text]
  • E Urban Sanctuary Algae and Marine Invertebrates of Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary
    !e Urban Sanctuary Algae and Marine Invertebrates of Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary Jessica Reeves & John Buckeridge Published by: Greypath Productions Marine Care Ricketts Point PO Box 7356, Beaumaris 3193 Copyright © 2012 Marine Care Ricketts Point !is work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission of the publisher. Photographs remain copyright of the individual photographers listed. ISBN 978-0-9804483-5-1 Designed and typeset by Anthony Bright Edited by Alison Vaughan Printed by Hawker Brownlow Education Cheltenham, Victoria Cover photo: Rocky reef habitat at Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary, David Reinhard Contents Introduction v Visiting the Sanctuary vii How to use this book viii Warning viii Habitat ix Depth x Distribution x Abundance xi Reference xi A note on nomenclature xii Acknowledgements xii Species descriptions 1 Algal key 116 Marine invertebrate key 116 Glossary 118 Further reading 120 Index 122 iii Figure 1: Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary. !e intertidal zone rocky shore platform dominated by the brown alga Hormosira banksii. Photograph: John Buckeridge. iv Introduction Most Australians live near the sea – it is part of our national psyche. We exercise in it, explore it, relax by it, "sh in it – some even paint it – but most of us simply enjoy its changing modes and its fascinating beauty. Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary comprises 115 hectares of protected marine environment, located o# Beaumaris in Melbourne’s southeast ("gs 1–2). !e sanctuary includes the coastal waters from Table Rock Point to Quiet Corner, from the high tide mark to approximately 400 metres o#shore.
    [Show full text]
  • JMS 70 1 031-041 Eyh003 FINAL
    PHYLOGENY AND HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LIMPETS OF THE ORDER PATELLOGASTROPODA BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCES TOMOYUKI NAKANO AND TOMOWO OZAWA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602,Japan (Received 29 March 2003; accepted 6June 2003) ABSTRACT Using new and previously published sequences of two mitochondrial genes (fragments of 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA; total 700 sites), we constructed a molecular phylogeny for 86 extant species, covering a major part of the order Patellogastropoda. There were 35 lottiid, one acmaeid, five nacellid and two patellid species from the western and northern Pacific; and 34 patellid, six nacellid and three lottiid species from the Atlantic, southern Africa, Antarctica and Australia. Emarginula foveolata fujitai (Fissurellidae) was used as the outgroup. In the resulting phylogenetic trees, the species fall into two major clades with high bootstrap support, designated here as (A) a clade of southern Tethyan origin consisting of superfamily Patelloidea and (B) a clade of tropical Tethyan origin consisting of the Acmaeoidea. Clades A and B were further divided into three and six subclades, respectively, which correspond with geographical distributions of species in the following genus or genera: (AÍ) north­ eastern Atlantic (Patella ); (A2) southern Africa and Australasia ( Scutellastra , Cymbula-and Helcion)', (A3) Antarctic, western Pacific, Australasia ( Nacella and Cellana); (BÍ) western to northwestern Pacific (.Patelloida); (B2) northern Pacific and northeastern Atlantic ( Lottia); (B3) northern Pacific (Lottia and Yayoiacmea); (B4) northwestern Pacific ( Nipponacmea); (B5) northern Pacific (Acmaea-’ânà Niveotectura) and (B6) northeastern Atlantic ( Tectura). Approximate divergence times were estimated using geo­ logical events and the fossil record to determine a reference date.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomic Signatures of Host‐
    Received: 8 August 2019 | Revised: 25 November 2019 | Accepted: 6 December 2019 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5977 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Genomic signatures of host-associated divergence and adaptation in a coral-eating snail, Coralliophila violacea (Kiener, 1836) Sara E. Simmonds1 | Allison L. Fritts-Penniman1 | Samantha H. Cheng1,2 | Gusti Ngurah Mahardika3 | Paul H. Barber1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Abstract Los Angeles, CA, USA The fluid nature of the ocean, combined with planktonic dispersal of marine larvae, 2 Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, lowers physical barriers to gene flow. However, divergence can still occur despite gene American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA flow if strong selection acts on populations occupying different ecological niches. 3Animal Biomedical and Molecular Biology Here, we examined the population genomics of an ectoparasitic snail, Coralliophila Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University Bali, Denpasar, violacea (Kiener 1836), that specializes on Porites corals in the Indo-Pacific. Previous Indonesia genetic analyses revealed two sympatric lineages associated with different coral Correspondence hosts. In this study, we examined the mechanisms promoting and maintaining the Department of Biological Sciences, Boise snails’ adaptation to their coral hosts. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA. Email: [email protected] (SNP) data from type II restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) sequencing re- vealed two differentiated clusters of C. violacea that were largely concordant with Funding information Sigma Xi; University of California, Los coral host, consistent with previous genetic results. However, the presence of some Angeles; Office of International Science admixed genotypes indicates gene flow from one lineage to the other.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Preference and Population Ecology of Limpets Cellana
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Ecosystems Volume 2014, Article ID 874013, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/874013 Research Article Habitat Preference and Population Ecology of Limpets Cellana karachiensis (Winckworth) and Siphonaria siphonaria (Sowerby) at Veraval Coast of Kathiawar Peninsula, India Julee Faladu, Bhavik Vakani, Paresh Poriya, and Rahul Kundu Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360005, India Correspondence should be addressed to Rahul Kundu; [email protected] Received 7 May 2014; Revised 6 July 2014; Accepted 20 July 2014; Published 17 August 2014 Academic Editor: Wen-Cheng Liu Copyright © 2014 Julee Faladu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Present study reports the habitat preference and spatiotemporal variations in the population abundance of limpets Cellana karachiensis and Siphonaria siphonaria inhabiting rocky intertidal zones of Veraval coast, Kathiawar Peninsula, India. The entire intertidal zone of the Veraval coast was divided into five microsampling sites based on their substratum type and assemblage structure. Extensive field surveys were conducted every month in these microsampling sites and the population abundance of two limpet species was analyzed using belt transect method. The results revealed that C. karachiensis was the dominating species at microsampling Site-1 (having rocky substratum) possibly due to its ability to tolerate high desiccation, salinity, and temperature fluctuations, while the S. siphonaria was found to be the most dominating species at microsampling Site-2 (having rocky substratum with abundant algal population) possibly due to their preference for the perpetual wet areas.
    [Show full text]