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The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence Upon J. R. R. Tolkien
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2007 The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. Tolkien Kelvin Lee Massey University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Massey, Kelvin Lee, "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/238 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled "The Roots of Middle-Earth: William Morris's Influence upon J. R. R. olkien.T " I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in English. David F. Goslee, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Heffernan, Michael Lofaro, Robert Bast Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Kelvin Lee Massey entitled “The Roots of Middle-earth: William Morris’s Influence upon J. -
Middle-Earth: the Wizards Characters(Hero) Resources(Hero
Middle-earth: The Wizards Card-list (484 cards) Sold in starters and boosters (no cards from other sets needed to play). A booster (15 cards, 36 boosters per display) holds 1 rare, 3 uncommons, and 11 commons. A starter holds a fixed set (at random), 3 rares, 9 uncommons, and 40 commons. R: rare; U: uncommon; CA1: once on general common sheet; CA2: twice on general common sheet; CB1: once on booster-only common sheet; CB2: twice on booster-only common sheet; F#: in # different fixed sets (out of 5). Look at the Fixed pack specs to see what cards are in in which fixed set. Characters (hero) Thorin II R Gwaihir R Risky Blow CA Thranduil F1 Halfling Stealth CB2 Roäc the Raven R Adrazar F1 Vôteli CB Halfling Strength CB2 Sacrifice of Form R Alatar F2 Vygavril R Hauberk of Bright Mail CA Sapling of the White Tree U Anborn U Wacho U Healing Herbs CA2 Scroll of Isildur U Annalena F2 Hiding R Secret Entrance R Aragorn II F1 Resources (hero) Hillmen U Secret Passage CA Arinmîr U A Chance Meeting CB Hobbits R Shadowfax R Arwen R A Friend or Three CB2 Horn of Anor CB Shield of Iron-bound Ash CA2 Balin U Align Palantir U Horses CA Skinbark R Bard Bowman F2 Anduin River CB2 Iron Hill Dwarves F1 Southrons R Barliman Butterbur U Anduril R Kindling of the Spirit CA Star-glass U Beorn F1 Army of the Dead R Knights of Dol Amroth U Stars U Beregond F1 Ash Mountains CB Lapse of Will U Stealth CA Beretar U Athelas U Leaflock U Sting U Bergil U Beautiful Gold Ring CA2 Lesser Ring U Stone of Erech R Bifur CB Beornings F1 Lordly Presence CB2 Sun U Bilbo R Bill -
Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs
Health & Safety Handout for Education Abroad Programs Program Name: There and Back Again: Experiencing the Cultural and Political Environment of Middle Earth Countries/Cities to be visited during program (overnight stays): Middle Earth Westlands (overnight stays in bold): - Gondor (including Minas Tirith and Osgiliath); - Rohan (including Helms Deep and Edoras) - Eriador (including The Shire, Bree, Rivendell, Moria) The EAO encourages students to take responsibility for their own safety and security by carefully reading the information, advice, and resources provided, including the following websites: CDC Website (Health Information for Travelers): Gondor: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/gondor Eriador: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/eriador Rohan: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/rohan State Department Website (International Travel Information): Gondor: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/gondor.html Eriador: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/eriador.html Rohan: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/rohan.html Students Abroad: http://studentsabroad.state.gov/smarttravel.php Traveling with Disabilities: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/disabilities.html LGBT Travel Information: http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/go/lgbt.html You should be up to date on routine vaccinations while traveling to any destination. Some additional vaccines may also be required for travel. Routine vaccines include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, diphtheria-tetanus- pertussis vaccine, varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, polio vaccine, and your yearly flu shot. The CDC may also recommend additional vaccines or medications depending on where and when you are traveling. Please consult with your doctor/medical professional if you have questions or concerns regarding which vaccines/medicines are right for you. -
Character Biography Radagast the Brown
Character Biography: Radagast the Brown 1 ____ Character Biography Radagast the Brown By Oshun ___ Radagast the Brown is one of the Istari (Wizards) who were sent from Aman to assist the peoples of Middle-earth in their struggle against Sauron. His Quenya name is Aiwendil, which means 'lover of birds.' Unfinished Tales contains a section entitled The Istari,which is an excellent source for Tolkien's conceptions of these emissaries from the land of the gods and their roles in the continuing struggle against darkness in Middle-earth. (We will explore this resource in more detail below.) Before we saw Radagast with bird droppings in his hair and driving a sled pulled by giant bunnies in Peter Jackson's film-stylings of The Hobbit, the majority of readers were probably all but unaware of this blink-and-one-misses-him character. I knew him, of course, and cringed—appalled, offended, and grudgingly entertained—every time he appeared on the screen. (I realize some viewers actually like Radagast in the film, but I'd like to reserve that discussion for another time and another venue.) There are, more importantly, some fascinating threads to chase about Radagast in the published texts. Radagast is identified in the novels, but not developed or exploited fully: In The Hobbit, Gandalf actually leans on Radagast's (local) reputation to get himself, and his dwarvish and hobbit charges, accepted by Beorn. In The Lord of the Rings, Radagast plays a key, intermediary role in communications between Gandalf and Saruman. Yet Radagast disappears from The Lord of the Rings after the Council of Elrond. -
© 2019 C.Wilhelm
© 2019 C.Wilhelm Questions About THE HOBBIT The Unexpected Journey, Movie 1, 2012 Name ________________________________ Date _____________ 1. Who was telling (writing) the story in the movie? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 2. What happened to ruin the peaceful, prosperous Lonely Mountain and the Mines of Moria? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 3. Why do the Dwarves want their ancestral home back? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 4. Why does Thorin especially want to fight the pale Orc? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 5. How does Bilbo Baggins become involved in the quest to enter Lonely Mountain? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 6. Why does the company need Bilbo’s help? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 7. Which groups in the story especially love food? _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Page 1 © 2019 C.Wilhelm THE HOBBIT questions continued Name ________________________________ Date _____________ 8. Do the Dwarves have good table manners? Explain. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 9. Did you notice the map in the beginning of the story? Is -
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien
Norse Monstrosities in the Monstrous World of J.R.R. Tolkien Robin Veenman BA Thesis Tilburg University 18/06/2019 Supervisor: David Janssens Second reader: Sander Bax Abstract The work of J.R.R. Tolkien appears to resemble various aspects from Norse mythology and the Norse sagas. While many have researched these resemblances, few have done so specifically on the dark side of Tolkien’s work. Since Tolkien himself was fascinated with the dark side of literature and was of the opinion that monsters served an essential role within a story, I argue that both the monsters and Tolkien’s attraction to Norse mythology and sagas are essential phenomena within his work. Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Chapter one: Tolkien’s Fascination with Norse mythology 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 Humphrey Carpenter: Tolkien’s Biographer 8 1.3 Concrete Examples From Jakobsson and Shippey 9 1.4 St. Clair: an Overview 10 1.5 Kuseela’s Theory on Gandalf 11 1.6 Chapter Overview 12 Chapter two: The monsters Compared: Midgard vs Middle-earth 14 2.1 Introduction 14 2.2 Dragons 15 2.3 Dwarves 19 2.4 Orcs 23 2.5 Wargs 28 2.6 Wights 30 2.7 Trolls 34 2.8 Chapter Conclusion 38 Chapter three: The Meaning of Monsters 41 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 The Dark Side of Literature 42 3.3 A Horrifically Human Fascination 43 3.4 Demonstrare: the Applicability of Monsters 49 3.5 Chapter Conclusion 53 Chapter four: The 20th Century and the Northern Warrior-Ethos in Middle-earth 55 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 An Author of His Century 57 4.3 Norse Warrior-Ethos 60 4.4 Chapter Conclusion 63 Discussion 65 Conclusion 68 Bibliography 71 2 Acknowledgements First and foremost I have to thank the person who is evidently at the start of most thesis acknowledgements -for I could not have done this without him-: my supervisor. -
Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings Lisa Hillis This Research Is a Product of the Graduate Program in English at Eastern Illinois University
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1992 Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings Lisa Hillis This research is a product of the graduate program in English at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Hillis, Lisa, "Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings" (1992). Masters Theses. 2182. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2182 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THESIS REPRODUCTION CERTIFICATE TO: Graduate Degree Candidates who have written formal theses. SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce theses. The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for i,\1.clusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for iqclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. Date I respectfully request Booth Library of Ef\i.stern Illinois University not allow my thes~s be reproduced because --------------- Date Author m Tolkien's Unnamed Deity Orchestrating the Lord of the Rings (TITLE) BY Lisa Hillis THESIS SUBMITIED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DECREE OF Master .of Arts 11': THE GRADUATE SCHOOL. -
The Geology of Middle-Earth
Volume 21 Number 2 Article 50 Winter 10-15-1996 The Geology of Middle-earth William Antony Swithin Sarjeant Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Sarjeant, William Antony Swithin (1996) "The Geology of Middle-earth," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 21 : No. 2 , Article 50. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol21/iss2/50 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract A preliminary reconstruction of the geology of Middle-earth is attempted, utilizing data presented in text, maps and illustrations by its arch-explorer J.R.R. Tolkien. The tectonic reconstruction is developed from earlier findings yb R.C. Reynolds (1974). Six plates are now recognized, whose motions and collisions have created the mountains of Middle-earth and the rift structure down which the River Anduin flows. -
Treasures of Middle Earth
T M TREASURES OF MIDDLE-EARTH CONTENTS FOREWORD 5.0 CREATORS..............................................................................105 5.1 Eru and the Ainur.............................................................. 105 PART ONE 5.11 The Valar.....................................................................105 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................ 2 5.12 The Maiar....................................................................106 2.0 USING TREASURES OF MIDDLE EARTH............................ 2 5.13 The Istari .....................................................................106 5.2 The Free Peoples ...............................................................107 3.0 GUIDELINES................................................................................ 3 5.21 Dwarves ...................................................................... 107 3.1 Abbreviations........................................................................ 3 5.22 Elves ............................................................................ 109 3.2 Definitions.............................................................................. 3 5.23 Ents .............................................................................. 111 3.3 Converting Statistics ............................................................ 4 5.24 Hobbits........................................................................ 111 3.31 Converting Hits and Bonuses...................................... 4 5.25 -
The Lord of the Rings” and the World Wars: The
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by TED Ankara College IB Thesis “The Lord of the Rings” and the World Wars: The Applicability of Allegory Name : Sinan Haluk Tandogan IB Number : 001129-079 Instructor : Caleb Cook Course : English B School : TED Ankara College Foundation Private High School Date : February 17th, 2013 Extended Essay Word Count: 3420 ( Excluding Abstract & References) Tandogan, 2 001129-079 Abstract "Lord of the Rings" trilogy, written by John Ronal Reuel Tolkien between 1937 and 1949 is an epic novel, set in the fictional Middle Earth, in which a brotherhood of humans, elves and dwarves battles against a mighty force of evil, Sauron and his minions to protect the free world from destruction and slavery. Although the author denies that the novel is an allegory of war, many people believe that he was influenced greatly by the First and Second World Wars. My research question was "How did the Two World Wars Influence John Ronald Reuel Tolkien During the Creation of “ the Lord of the Rings” Trilogy ?" . I will analyze the similarities between the events in the novel and the events during the two world wars and strive to point out how Tolkien was influenced by these. The most important allegory is the battle between the ultimate evil of Sauron (ie. Nazism and Fascism) and the free peoples of Middle Earth. Although evil is far more powerful and aggressive in the beginning, the determination and valor of a coalition of unlikely allies wins in the end. Several other points exist in the novel that are directly related to the events during the world wars. -
The Dead Marshes
If the total committed Ò is higher than the total dealt escape value, the escape test is passed, and nothing happens. If the total committed Ò is equal to or lower than the total dealt escape value, the escape test is failed, and the players follow the instructions for failing the escape test from the card that required the test be made. After an escape test, all cards dealt for that test are placed in the encounter discard pile. The Dead Marshes Example: The card “Nightfall” reads: “When Revealed: The first player makes an escape test, Difficulty Level = 5 dealing 2 cards from the encounter deck. If this test is failed, place 1 resource token on Gollum After regaining his trail in the hills of Emyn Muil, the heroes and raise each player’s threat by 2.” have tracked Gollum to The Dead Marshes, into which he has fled in a last ditch effort to avoid pursuit. Feeling When this card is revealed, Tom, the first player, that the hunt is coming to a close, the heroes enter the decides to commit Éowyn (4 Ò) to the escape treacherous marshlands, ready to capture the creature alive. test. Tom has the option of committing more than 1 character, but he does not wish to do so. After The Dead Marshes is played with an encounter deck committing Éowyn, Tom deals 2 cards from the built with all the cards from the following encounter sets: top of the encounter deck. These cards are the The Dead Marshes, Sauron’s Reach, and Wilderlands. -
The Analysis of JRR Toliken's Ecological Responsibility Consciousness in the Lord of the Rings
ISSN 1799-2591 Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 9, No. 10, pp. 1337-1341, October 2019 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0910.12 The Analysis of J.R.R.Toliken’s Ecological Responsibility Consciousness in The Lord of the Rings Lili Liu Taishan University, China Abstract—J.R.R.Tolkien, a distinguished Oxford University professor who specialized in the study of language development and early medieval literature. He has written famous books like The Hobbits and The Silmarillion, but his literary reputation mainly rests upon his fantasy-romance novel, The Lord of the Rings. Since its publication, the novel has got great popularity among western countries. It was even selected as “the most popular book in history” on line. As Hollywood director Peter Jackson’s film The Lord of the Rings was filmed, a zealous love for “the magic ring” has wiped throughout the world. No matter scholars or common enthusiasm readers both show great passion for this novel. Archetypal analysis and the origin of myth in Middle-earth, fantasy technique etc. have been widely used to review or interpret the text of this novel. Based on the intertextual interpretation of J.R.R.Tolkien’s life experience and the novel, and through the viewpoint of ecological responsibility consciousness this paper attempts to explore Tolkien’s seek of homeland, which reveals Tolkien’s country yearning and furthermore presents his ecological value. Index Terms—ecological responsibility consciousness, homeland destruction, homeland redemption, ecological value, The lord of the rings I. INTRODUCTION J.R.R.Tolkien, a distinguished Oxford University professor who specialized in the study of language development and early medieval literature.