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Indian Journal of Landscape Systems and Ecological Studies 1 NO. 1 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES 1 ISSN 0971-4170 Indian Journal of Landscape Systems and Ecological Studies Volume : 41 z No.2 z December, 2018 INSTITUTE OF LANDSCAPE, ECOLOGY & EKISTICS, KOLKATA Founded By Shibaprasad Chatterjee 2 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES VOL. 41 Acknowledgement Grant-in-aid for maintenance and development to the Institute of Landscape, Ecology and Ekistics, Kolkata- 700 019, especially for its Journal – Indian Journal of Landscape Systems and Ecological Studies, received from Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), Government of India, New Delhi 110 067, is thankfully acknowledged. NO. 1 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES 3 Indian Journal of Landscape Systems and Ecological Studies Volume : 41 No.2 December, 2018 CONTENTS MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES IN Abhijit Paul and 5 CHAKDAH C D BLOCK OF NADIA DISTRICT, Tanmoy Basu WEST BENGAL TOWARDS A CHANGING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN Aisharya Bhattacharjee 21 CASTE AND OCCUPATION AMONG VILLAGE SOCIETIES – A CASE STUDY OF VILLAGE AUDALI, UDHAM SINGH NAGAR, UTTARAKHAND VARIABILITY OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE (LST) Asraful Alam and 30 WITH REFERENCE TO LAND USE LAND COVER IN Arijit Ghosh KOTULPUR C D BLOCK OF BANKURA DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL TRACING UNIFORMITARIANISM IN TERMS OF Debdas Ray 41 SPATIAL RELATIONSHIP GENDER DISPARITY IN LITERACY: AN ASSESSMENT Dilip Kumar Chaudhary 45 OF KUSHINAGAR DISTRICT, UTTAR PRADESH and D. Gownamani RESPIRATORY DISORDER AMONG BIDI AND TEA Jayati Das and 59 GARDEN WORKERS OF WEST BENGAL: Saibal Moitra A GEOMEDICAL ANALYSIS GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES IN WATERSHED LEVEL Kavita Mishra 70 ANALYSIS OF LANDFORM FEATURES IN LOWER CHANDAPRABHA BASIN, EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH URBAN SPRAWL IN BARRACKPORE SUBDIVISION OF Madhusudan Pramanick 81 NORTH 24 PARGANAS DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL STATUS OF MICRO AND SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES Malay Kumar Maiti 96 (M&SSE) OF HAORA DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL 4 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES VOL. 41 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF TRIBAL PEOPLE: Mrinal Mandal, 105 A CASE STUDY IN AJODHYA GRAM PANCHYAT OF Partha Modak, Manas BAGHMUNDI C.D. BLOCK IN PURULIA DISTRICT Karmakar, Dayamoy Mandal, Susanta Mandi and Debasis Ghosh ECONOMIC STATUS AND HOUSING CONDITIONS OF Mustafijur Rahaman 112 SLUMS IN KALYANI TOWN, WEST BENGAL A STUDY OF NOISE LEVELS IN JHARKHAND: A CASE Nigar Alam 122 STUDY OF MILLION CITIES CONTRIBUTION OF CRAFT HUBS IN DEVELOPEMNT OF Premangshu Chakrabarty 131 RURAL TOURISM: CASE STUDIES OF WEST BENGAL and Krishna Biswas SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTHCARE Pritam Ghosh and 142 INFRASTRUCTURE IN MALDA DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL Pratiama Rohatgi LINKING QUALITY OF LIFE OF SLUM DWELLERS OF Rohit Singh and 156 KANPUR CITY WITH UN-SDGS AND INDIA VISION- 2020: V. K. Kumra A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ENCROACHMENT OF LANDS FOR BHERI-FISHERIES AND Sipra Biswas 169 ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE LOCALITIES IN THE DISTRICT OF NORTH 24 PARGANAS, WEST BENGAL TRENDS AND DYNAMICS OF FEMALE WORK Supriya Ghosh and 179 PARTICIPATION IN BACKWARD CLASS POPULATION: Sahina Khatun A CASE STUDY OF SCHEDULED CASTE FEMALES IN NADIA DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL BOOK REVIEW GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE SOUTHERN SINGALILA Debdas Ray 189 RANGE ANNUAL REPORT 191 NO.Ind. J.2 of Landscape MARKETING Systems OF and AGRICULTURAL Ecological Studies COMMODITIES 41 (2) December IN - CHAKDAH2018, 5- 20 C D BLOCKISSN 0971-4170 5 Marketing of Agricultural Commodities in Chakdah C D Block of Nadia District, West Bengal Abhijit Paul1 and Tanmoy Basu2* Abstract : Marketing system may be considered as the ‘invisible hand’ of economic function of the rural livelihood. The present study has been done to understand the relationship and diversity of consumption scenarios of the selected agricultural commodities in some vegetable markets. To identify the diversity and consumption relationship of various vegetable products in the present study area, primary survey related databases of the seven principal vegetables in the two selected vegetable markets hold a major role. Besides, Simpson Index, correlation matrix, Analysis of Variance and significance test become helpful to justify the relationship. The output of the results shows that the consumption by the local buyers and the buyers from distant places in Chuadanga ‘hat’ is more consistence than Bishnupur ‘hat’. Moreover, the relationship (correlation coefficient is equal to 0.9141) of supply depends on demand of the vegetables in the two markets. The consumption by the local buyers is more diverse (Simpson’s Diversity Index is 0.9408) than the buyers from distant places (0.7936). Besides, the correlation in between the total consumption by the local buyers and the total consumption by the buyers from distant places is not significant which shows the moderately low coefficient of correlation (0.477)with the significance value (0.279 which is greater than 0.05). Finally, the study reveals the significance of further researches to find out the factorial variables which impact on the significance of the relationship in between the two mentioned variables in the two ‘hats’ as well as focuses on the future progress of the socio-economic conditions of the stakeholders. Keywords : Agricultural marketing, Chakdah, Hat Introduction Agricultural market in rural areas is commonly known as ‘hat’. The system of marketing may be considered as the ‘invisible hand’ (Smith, 1976) of economic function of the rural livelihood. It is the services that involved in an agricultural product from one agricultural farm to the consumer. ‘Hat’ is specially a place or ground where all agricultural commodities or other non-agricultural commodities are gathered for sell. This marketing system or ‘hat’ fully customer oriented and this has to provide by the farmers. The ‘hat’ mostly found in rural areas and some towns of India, Bangladesh like Asian developing countries. These ‘hats’ are conducted on regular basis, that is 1 M.A. in 2016, e-mail:[email protected], University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 2 M.Sc. in 2016, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, e-mail:[email protected] * Corresponding author 6 INDIAN JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS AND ECOLOGICAL STUDIES VOL. 41 once, twice or thrice in a week or every two weeks. This ‘hats’ support local economy and sometimes it converts rural areas to small towns. Venkatesh, et al., (2016) formulized in their study about the production and consumption diversity of Indian states using Simpson Diversity Index. Chauvin, Mulangu and Porto, (2012) identified the food production and consumption trends of the agricultural sector of states of sub- Saharan Africa to measure the relationship in between the income and food security problems. Sinha and Pradhan, (2009) identified, ‘the local markets of Goilkera in West Singbhum in Jharkhand markets are usually for direct sales of small quantities of produce by farmers to village traders and rural consumers.’ In their study Jayatillake and Mahalianaarachchi, (2007) traced out the unusual fluctuation of seasonal price in the fruits and vegetables markets of his study area which cause the effective problems of the consumers. The study by Barman and Bhattacharjee, (2016) reflected that ‘on the commodity structure of local origin as well as commodity brought from outside of Garo Hills Region’. Brown, Dury and Holdsworth, (2009) studied on the Motivations of consumers that use local, organic fruit and vegetable box schemes in Central England and Southern France; Locke, et al., (2014) mentioned in their study that ‘Epidemiologic investigations and public health interventions that examine the consumption of fruits and vegetables ought to consider the seasonal variation in consumption patterns, especially in agricultural communities.’ Objectives The objectives of the present study are as follows. z To identify the consumption scenarios in 2015-2016 of different agricultural productions by the local Buyers and the buyers from distant places in Bishnupur and Chuadanga vegetable ‘hats’ in Chakdah C.D. Block in Nadia District, West Bengal. z To examine the seasonal production differences of the local agricultural productions as well as the consumption diversity of the local buyers and the buyers from distant places in the two selected agricultural markets. z To analyse the correlation of total consumption of local agricultural commodities by the local buyers and the buyers from distant places. The Study Area This study is based on two agricultural ‘hats’, named Bishnupr and Chuadanga ‘hat’. These two are located in Bishnupur Mouza and Chuadanga Mouza respectively. These two mouzas are in Dubra Gram Panchayat under Chakdah C D Block. This is considered as the study area for investigating and understanding the interaction between growers of agricultural commodities with physical environment and also socio-economic development of that region depending on those ‘hats’. The agricultural products mainly coming from the surrounding villages and the area is mainly covered by fertile alluvial soil which is transformed by the river Hugli and Ichamati. With the influence of favourable climatic condition (mild winter and sufficient irrigation) and fertile alluvial soil the production is highly concentrated in the area. According to the Agriculture Market Directory NO. 2 MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES IN CHAKDAH C D BLOCK 7 of the year 2011-2012 the area of the Chuadanga and Bishnupur ‘hats’ are 2.69 Bighas (a traditional unit of land measurement in India, 1 Hectare= 6.1772 Bighas) and 2 Bighas respectively, but now the area is increasing day by day. These ‘hats’ are very ancient and in present it is able to keep its significance by providing daily needs of rural and urban places around it. Bishnupur and Chuadanga ‘hats’ were established in 1940 and 1982, respectively. The area of Bishnupur market is 2 Bighas and Chuadanga market is 2.69 Bighas (Market Survey Report, 2011-12).These are morning time ‘hats’. The Bishupur ‘hat’ is held on Tuesday and Saturday and Chuadanga on Monday and Thursday. Both are managed by local Panchayats. In both ‘hats’ sellers usually come at around 6 am onwards.
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