GAZETTEER
OJ' TH!
BOMBAY PRESIDEN_CY.
VOLUME VI.
REWA KANTH!, NARUKOT, CAMBAY, AND SURAT STATES.
. . Under Government Orders.
t3omba~:: fl!llIiTlD 4T TRI GOVERNMENT CENTRAL_PRESS.
1880.
SPECUL acknowledgments are due to Colonel L. C. Barton a.nd R8.0 Bahadur Nandshankar Tnljashankar for very complete materials for the Rewa Kantha Account. For Cambay Dr. G. BUhler, C.I.E., supplied valuable historical, and Mr. G. F. Sheppard, C. S., useful descriptive and administrative, details. The Sachin and Bansda accounts are from papers contributed by Mr. E. O. K. Ollivant, C. S., and Rao Bahlidur Keshavla1 Nathubhai. JAMES M. CAMPBELL. February, 1880. CONTENTS . • REWA XA'NTHA. Chapter I.-Description. Position and Area; Boundarit's; Divisions ... 1 Aspect; Monntains; Rivers 2-6 Water· supply ; Drainage j Geology; Climate 7 -10 Chapter It.-Production. ::MineraJs ; Trees; Plants; Forests 11-15 A.nimals i Birds; Fish 16-13 Chapter III.-Population. Censns Dt-tails 19·21 Hrndu Castes; Mn8aImans; Parsis; Christians 22.34 Villages; Dwellings; Communities; 'Movements 35.37 Chapter IV.-Agriculture. Soil; Tillage; Crops; Famines 88-40 Chapter V.-Capital Capitl.lists; Interest; Craftsmen; Wages; Prices; Weights and Measnres 41·45 Cha.pter VI.-Trade. Roads 1 Ferries; Post; Exports and Imports ••• ~6-55 Manufactures 56-58 Chapter VII.-History. Legends; Early Hindus to 1484; Musa]man Ascendancy (l484 .1700); Local Revival (1700 - 1730); Uaratha. Suprem.acy(1730.1820); BrltishSuperyi8ion (1820.1879); First NlUkda. Rising (183S); The Mntinies (18M'); Second Naikda. Rising (IS6S); Changes (1820.1879) ... 59.66 Chapter VIII.-Land Administration. Land-holders; Management; Vills.ges; SI;aJ:I; Assessment; Revenue Survey; Cesses; Rent how Realized i Instal- ments; Defaults; Reforms; Survey i B&unda.ry Disputes. 67·76 11 CONTENTS.
Chapter IX.-.Tustice. PAOli Civil; Criminal; Courts ot A.ward; Police; Jails '17.82 Chapter X.-Revenue and Finance. • Rujpipla ; Bariya; Luna vMa ; Sunth ; Minor States; Ceases. 83.85 Chapter XI.-Instruction. Schools; Progress (1864 -1879) ; Libraries 86.88 Chapter XII.-Health. Diseases; Dispensaries ; Vaccination 89·90 Chapter XIII.-States ... 91.156 Chapter XIV.-Places of Inter~8t 157·170
NA'RUKOT. Description; Products; Population; .Agriculture; Trade; History; Administration; Justice; Revenne; Instruction. Health; Places of Interest '. ... 173.178
CAMBAY. , ." Chapter 1.-Description; Products; Population ... 1~1.186 Chapter II.-Trade and Manufactures. Roads; Trade, IIistorical Summary of (913.1880) 187·197 Ma.nufactures (Agate Ornaments and Cloth).,_ ••. 198.208 Money-lending; Currency; Prices; Wages ... 209·210 Chapter III.-IIistory. Name; Legends; Balharas (915); Anhilvlida. Kings (950. ]300); Early Delhi Governors (1300-1400); Ahmedabad Kings (1490-1578); ~roghal8 (1573.1730); Cambay Nawabs (1730.1880)... •.. 211.233 • Chapter IV.-Administration. Land; Justice; Police; Revenue; Instruction 2:l4-239 Chapter V.-Places ot Interest. 240.241
SURAT STATES.
BA'NSDA ... 245.253 DU.UU,MPUB .,.,254- 257 SACHIN' .•. 258.265 Index ...... '~67 .271 • A. Eargima. : su b.division, 98. traveller (]514), 206. Ab~ssiniall Aga.te Workers: 206, note 3 • Barbosa.: .Aga: R.aslild Beg, minister (1766),228. Bards and Actors: 2S. Agar: state, 142. B~ya.: st.'lte, 1,2; boundaries, aspect, rivers, hills, A~tes: R. K. 11·12; manufacture of, 57 ~c. 198 • climate, ~rodllcts, population, sub,divisions, hi~. ...'00. tory, dtl~elr)pment (1865-18i6), f&lDily tree, 115-· Agate Cups: 20:5, note 1. ]20; place c.f interest, 157 -159. Aire: population according to, 21. Bassein : treaty of (18!!O). 232, 250. Agriculture: R. K. ag.4(); C. 1S3. Bavapir: place of interest, 159. Ahmad I.: 217: Bawa Ghor: carnelian merchant, R. K. 168} A.hma.d n. : 218. C.206. Ajan: river, 9'.!.. Ba.warij : pirates, 188. Akbar: 218. Beggars: 25, ~ Ala.ud..(}in Xhilji : 216. BhMarva. : state, 152. Alva.: state. 143. BhaIod. : sub-division, 97. Amrapur: estate, 151. Bhartharis : songsters, 25. Amravati: river, 0. BMts : as escorts, 194. Anamdera: place oj interest, 157. Bhathela.: a Brahman sub.dlvislOn, 23, 253. Anavla: a BrahmaJl sub-division. See B1l!thela. Bhils: tribe of. arpearance, h6Use, dress, food, Anghad: state, ISO, occupation, chl1.racwr, religion, holIdays, festivals, Animais: R. Jr., 16· 17 ; C. 1&3. customs, community,' 26·32, 95 footnote. Area: R. K. 1 ; C. 181. Bhilodia. : state, J 45. Arn4.i : place of interest, 257. Bhimpor : place of interest, 264. caste of, 25- Arras: battle of, 230. Bhoi: Bihora: state, 144. Ashraphi: & Cambay ulcer. 183. Ashvin: river, 5, Birds: 17. Aspect: R. K. 2 ; C. 181. BlilI.d : 21. Assessment: R. K. 7(); C. 2M. Bohora : a Musalman sect, 185. Audich: a Brahman sub-division, 23. Boundaries: R. K. 1 ; c. 181. .Br&hmans : R. K. 22·23; settlement in Camb.,y, B.,. 214; plunder of, .228. Babighor: agate.., R. K. 162. footnote; C. 207. British G~vernment : connection \lith, It. K. 61 i B1lghvati ! tiger tewn.183. C. (1802-1880), 232, 233. Ba.Ia.sinor: state, 1, 2 ; area, boundaries, popula~ tion, 8ub-divisiona, history. family tree, 137·140. O. place of interest, 157. Calsar: Frederic, traveller (1.585),191,218. Ba.lhara.a : rulers of Cambay (915), 2]4. Camba.y: a sanitarium (lS37), 182.; pluntlel'oo Banda All: Naw&b (1823), 232. See MOnUll . (1304. 1347,1349), 216 ; (1535, 1538),217; place KhinIV. of interest, 240-24]. Bansda: area,. boundaries. aspect, l'ivers, water C8.lnbay Stones: Carnelians, agates an ~ In W. index B. .a:.:~nd.t for Bewa Xantha. O. tor Oambay. INDEX. Castes: 22 ·84. Dudhpur : state. 144. , Census: see Pl'pulatlOn. , Drainage: R. K. 7; C. 182. Chalukyas : rulers of Camhay (950), 214. Dudan : river, 92: Champiner : city, 5!?, 60. Dumas: place of interest, 265. Chillod: place of interest, 159.161. . E. Ch't lIabeli: Bub.division, 123. ChMliar : state, 1~2. Education: see Instruction. Chhota Udepur : sta.te,l, 2; bound~rie8, as~t, Embroidery: 208. rivers, hills, climate, crops, population, sub·divi· English at Cambay: .C. 218, 219, 220.1 t 224. fJil)ns, hist~'ry, family tree, 110.115. Expeditions: 189, footnote {) ; 229. Cholera: 89r Exports: C. (1600),190.191, C~orangla : Rtate, 14S. Christians: 35., F. Chudesar : state, 145. 'Factories; Dutch and English, 195.219.224.232. Climate: R. K 10; C, 182. Family tree: R. K. 109, 115, l~O, 131,186, HO. Cloth: weaving of, R. K. 66.58; V. export of, 191; <:.233. weavhag of, 208. Fairs: Dev Dungaria, 157; Ch~od, 160; Dt..'\f Communications: 187. Mogra,161; Jey-or, 161; Limodra, I6!;!; LunA. Communities: 35. vada, 164, Mokhdi GhAnta. 165 I Mota Saja, Conwtion of Cambay: (1345), 21.6 ; (1459.1513), 165 i SanjaIa, 168; Vifpur, 170 ; Uw, 249,253, 217 ; (1600-1700).219; {1737·1H$}, 224 ; (1772). Arnai and Nagar, ~7 ; Bhimpor, 264- 229 ; O. (1838), 233. Fainines : see Years of Sca.rcity. ' Cotton gins : Fateh Ali : Nawab, c. 231; see Momhl Khain Ill. Courts: number and workingof, R,K. 77·80; C. 235. Females: l'roporlion of, in popula~on, H.. K.. 20,; Craftsmen: 25. 42. O. 184~ Crimes : see Offen cell. Ferries: R. K. 6, 50 ; O. 187. Crops: R. K. 39 ; C. 183. Finch: traveller (1611).219. Cllrrency: R. K. 43; C. 209, Field tools ! 38. Customs : ~3B. Fish: 18. D. 'Forests: 15. Day-labo11rers : see Labouring Classes. G. DeafandDumb: 21. Gad: state, )43• .De 10. Valle: traveller (1628), 2i9. . Gadhesing: 1egend of, 213. Density of Population: R. K. 19 ; C. 184. GaJni: old Cambay, 213, footnote 2. Depressed Classes: 25. Gandhat: ruined city, 21:1. footnote. L Dev I river, 5" Gemelli Careri: traveller (1695), 220. . Deva.lla: state, 143. Geology: R. K:~ .10, O. 182. Dev Mogra: pla.ce of interest, '161\ GUnehis : a. Musalman Hot, 35. Dev Satia : peak, 8. Girls' schools 187. Dhari: state, 152. Gomtivals: a Brahmatl sub.division. '23. Dh8.nkas : caste of, 34, 95 footnote. G6tardi I state, 100. Dharampur State.: area, Doundaries,Mpect, water Gothra. : lI~te, 150. supply, ()limate, products, populatiQ[l, soil. crops, Grl!in : cultivation of. 89. roads. history, land management, justice. in. Gulf of Ca.m.baJ: silting of., 195, footoote 2: 214, '!!t.ruotion, places of ,interest, 254.257. footnotea 1 a.n~ 6. Dhum'kha.l : place of interest, 161, . Diseases: R. K. 10. 89 j C. 183, R. Dispensaries: 89. Hamilton: traveller (1720), 220. DiY'! island, tr. IUmph: plaoe of inter~t; H2, 161. Domestic Animals: 16. )laraph : rivet', 115. Dor : lice Surai. Ra1;bour ll94- Dorka.! estate, 153. Raveli: ilulHIlviaion, 116. Dorka. MehvRB : states. 1,!l. Herdsmen: 25. Dudhia. : 8\lb-diviBion, 116. llills : 2. INDEX. lIist~ry: (HEW 4 K.Jo'tn'HA) l<:gtJDds, (lady IIindlll! Ka.rl : rivet·, 6. . to 14St ; MU8n.1m.ln a!c~ndn.D'·Y (HS1·I700} ; IoooJ Karjan : river, 2, 5: 9:!. revival (J7OO·17:l0). 59-60; Mar'Jtila Buy,rema.:y Xa.sla. Pagi: state, 1.')2. (l73()·lS:!(I} ; Bllti~h 8ul'ervi;;ion; nnot Nall,.tll\ Kithis and Kolis : forays of (1766), 228. riiling (1838); l\IlltIUY (18:17); second N.hkJa Katho: catu"hu,m:wufactul'e of, 57. rising (ldGS) j t'hangtlcl {IS:hl-lSi9\, 60·66. Ka.:vant: sLlh .• hvision, 112. •' : (CAMlIAY) uallle, legell'IH, Balhll.ras (9131 : Kiveri! river, 6. C'Mlukya-l! (9t::!): Panns (1()9t); .bins (UU· KiYllti::t: a Brahman sub·dlvision. 23. 12ft); V.\gholis (l2.iO); eady Delhi GOvemOl"8 Kbi : ~ ~lJ.u!l\llUJ.n jlldieial otDccr. 2:16, (l3UiI-14110J; Ahmp,jabad KlIlgs (1400.1373); Kh!Uchi : a Hindu reli~ious order, 25. M{)6hs.l:s (1573'1730); N&W'ahs (1730.1880);' Khad!iyata. : caste of, 23,24. fa.mily h'6e. 211- 2.'1:!. Kh 1.1lUUr : sllh •• livi~ion, 12:l. lIau3Y: varieti"" of, 253. Khedti.val: a Brahrnan sub·dhrj~bn,23. liutniylUl: (D30), 217. Kim: rlVel\ 6. Husb.Uldmen: 24, 3[1. Kolis : sub·divisions, oharacter, 1'U11gbn. oustoms, 1· 32·33, C 189; plundered Hum.iYllJl (1535), l!l~r. Ibn Ba.tub: African traveller (1342).216. Kukardd.: sub·division, 98. IdiotlJ: 21. Kllkrej : place of mterest, 162. !let! :\1igratioD. Immigration: Kum11'ib Kshetra: 211., 2W, footnote 2. Imports: 191·193. Kutbi Khanum i minister (1183), 230. In1i;o: cultiVll.tion of, 183. '" . Instrll~tion : statIstics of, R. K. 86·88; C. 238.239. L. Interest: rates 0" 4J. Libouriug classes: 25. Iron: n. Lac Trade: 53. Itimil KM.n: l't'gent (1560). 21S. L:id: Laste of, 24. Itv.ii : state, 152. La.lia. : story of. 123, footnote 2. J. Lauil : R. K. landhol.lers. management, village~. 1hibugam : sub-division, 112. 67-68 I staff, &lienated lands, assessment, cess'iJs, J'advi! Bhil headman. 32. 60·73; rent how realized, instalments, defaults, J'ails: 82. reforms, survey, boundary dIsputes, 73-76; C. J'a.inS: at CamMY (12~1), 215. landholden, asses8lMnt. how levied, 234-235. J'8oma. Mosque: at Cambay, 216, footnote 3. 24l. Land Trade: C.194- J'a.mbughoda: place of interest, 178. Lea.ther: workers in, R. K. 25; manufactlU'e 01, J'esar : stat!1, ISO. C. IS8, footnote 7; 191, footnote 9. Jetpur : sub-division, 112. Lepers: 2l. leyor : pillce of interest, 161. Libraries: 88. Jhagadia.: sub-dlviaion, 97. Limestone: 11. J'ba.rola·tcaste of, 24- limodra. ~ R. K. place ot intere~t, 162 t O. 206. lirat Kam~oli! state, 145. Lunavada: state, I, 2; area, bO'lLQctru.·iE!llj rivel'lf, J'umkha: estate, 151. . hilllf' clima.te, population. sub.tivisioDll. 'history, Justice: olJlart!!, civil alid crimin~ 77-781 crime, fa.mily tree. 121·131 ; place of interest, 163. . courts of· &ward, police, jails, 79· S2 ; C. judicial authorities. chi! Illits,' the J.{azi, procedUI'll. M. police, 235.237. Ma.chhi: C&8te of, 25. 1\. M!l.dhuvati: river, G. Xaehhias : caste of. 24, Magistra.tes ~. 77. Xadina. ; sbte, I, 2; area, riven, hills, soil, popu. Mabadev t temple of Dehjaria. 124. lation, hil:ltory,' IS4-155; town, 161. Mahi: R K. rive'r, 3;. pasS Ma.uufacturers : flee Cra.fLSD16u. O. MaritMs in Cambay : 221. 2!!6, 231. Occupations. of the people: 22. Marco Polo: trareller (1290),206,216. 01f'encell: number of, 79, 82. :riLa.tapenai : bill, 8. . Ogilby: tra.veller (1670). 219. M;\l'1.l: cast<" (.f. 24 Or sang ~ river. 2, 110. Navalis: wcst DeC'can ~:hrathis, 226. P MeaSU1'es; see Weights awl .Meaeures. Palasni: state, 146·147. Men: riwf, 5. pana.m: river, 4 ; 121. • Mercantile ~lasses : see Traders. Pa.ndarvada: Bub.division, 122: Mer<;hants : ()hll.l~al~ter of Hindu, 193, footnote ~ 1 Pandu: estate, 153. a~· brokers, 193, footnote 7, . 'Pandu Mehvas: states, 1, 2, }48 • 1M. lIf.evada.: a BrlihPlall sllb-divi~ioll, 23. Panetha: sub·division, 97. Mevali: stat.e. 149. Panipat: battle of (1761}, 228. Migration: 36-37. Pli.ntIa,vdi: estate, 147. 1!linerals : 11. Panvad: sub.ruviaion, 112- ]firM TemaJl: llliui8ter (l780). 229, 230. Paper: manufacture of, 189. Modh: eaaie of, 23,2-1. Parsis: R. K. 35 ; O. 185 ; as merchants, 189, 21~ Moghals: (lIi73·1730), 218. 216, footno~ 2. Mohan: pbce of intel'(,st, 164. pa.taners: maraude!.'s, (1720), 2!!0. ::lIoka, Pagina. Muvada: state, 150. Pateliyb: cultivators, 24. b1:okhdi Ghanta.; placo of interest, 165. Personal Servants: 25. Motala: a BrAhmnIl f>ub·division, 23. . Physica.l Features: seQ Aspect. Mota. Saja.: pln.ce of inter('st, 165. Pila.ji Gliikwar: (1725), 221. MoDlin Khan Dehl8,mi: (1725), 222'. Pirates: 188, 194- MoDlin Khiu I. : NawAb (1730- 1743), 222. Pirzadas: a Musatl}'u\.n sect, 35. MominKhiu II.: " (1748·1783),225.230. Plants: 14. " III,:" (1789 .1823), 231·232. Poicha. : state, 153. " IV.! II (1823 ·1841}, 232. Police~ cost, strengilb, working, 80.821 C. 237. " V.:" (1841·1880), 232. Population: cenS1lsof 1872, distribution, S6X, age,.. Money Lenders: see Capitalists. religion, 19-21; OCllupation, race, 22·35; town, Muhammad Kuli: ruler, (1783·1789),231. and country population, dwellings, 35 ; people Muhammad Tughlik: Emperor (1325 ·1351),216. able to read and write, 81; C. 164; town and Musalmlins: R. K. 34; C. 18's. village papulation, 185· 186 ; people able to read' Mntiny: (1857), 63,64. a.nd write, 238. ' . Portuguese: as tradel'll, ~d lo,rda of the sea.; IS!).. N. 190,217. • Nagar: place of interest, 257. Porvad: caste of, 24- Nagara: caste of, 22, 24 •. Post: R. K: 51 ; C. 238, Naghera: old to\\n, 214, footno!-e 6.. Prathampur; place of interest, 166. Nah:lra! est(;>. 15J. Prices: :a. K. 43·44;. C. 209. . Naikd!.s: tribe of, 34; risings of, 62, 64. Private Schools: 86. Najam Kb.a.n: gov,ernol' (1737 .1748), 223. Pupils : nllmbet and Ta<.'tl of, 88. Nalia. : cstat(;>, 145. R. Nand: islJmrt, 6. Raeka ; e~tate. 152. Nandarva: sub·division, 124. Railway: traffic, 259. N andod: 8ul.t· Rampur t place of interest, 167L 'largo}: sub-ch"Vision, 112. R&mpura: state, 145. Tejga.d: sub.division, 112. Rs.ndhikpur: aub-division. 116. Than. : sub-division, 9S. Ra.tanmaJ. : hills. 2- Thevenot: traveller (1666), 219 note 5. Rata.npur : place of interest, lf17. Tieffenthaler : ttave1ler (1750), 2"..5. lU.vaniA : village officer, 237. Tillage: F.. K. 38 ; C. 183. Religion : 21. Trade: R. K. e1.ports, imports, tra